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Ramírez-López P, Martínez C, Merchán A, Perona A, Hernaiz MJ. Expanding the synthesis of a library of potent glucuronic acid glycodendrons for Dengue virus inhibition. Bioorg Chem 2023; 141:106913. [PMID: 37852115 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Multivalent glycodendrons are valuable tools to mimic many structural and functional features of cell-surface glycoconjugates and its focal position scaffolds represent important components to increase specificity and affinity. Previous work in our group described the preparation of a tetravalent glucuronic acid dendron that binds with good affinity to Dengue virus envelope protein (KD = 22 μM). Herein, the chemical synthesis and binding analysis of a new library of potent glucuronic acid dendrons bearing different functional group at the focal position and different level of multivalency are described. Their chemical synthesis was performed sequentially in three stages and with good yields. Namely a) the chemical synthesis of the oligo and polyalkynyl scaffolds, b) assembling with fully protected glucuronic acid-based azide units by using a microwave assisted copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction and c) sequential deprotection of hydroxyl and carboxylic acid groups. Surface Plasmon Resonance studies have demonstrated that the valency and the focal position functional group exert influence on the interaction with Dengue virus envelope protein. Molecular modelling studies were carried out in order to understand the binding observed. This work reports an efficient glycodendrons chemical synthesis that provides appropriate focal position functional group and multivalence, that offer an easy and versatile strategy to find new active compounds against Dengue virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Ramírez-López
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plz. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid C.P. 28040, Spain
| | - Carlos Martínez
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plz. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid C.P. 28040, Spain
| | - Alejandro Merchán
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plz. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid C.P. 28040, Spain
| | - Almudena Perona
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plz. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid C.P. 28040, Spain
| | - María J Hernaiz
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plz. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid C.P. 28040, Spain.
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2
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Ravindra Bhoge P, Chandra A, Kikkeri R. The Impact of Nanomaterial Morphology on Modulation of Carbohydrate-Protein Interactions. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300262. [PMID: 37403554 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-protein interactions (CPIs) play a crucial role in the regulation of various physiological and pathological processes within living systems. However, these interactions are typically weak, prompting the development of multivalent probes, including nanoparticles and polymer scaffolds, to enhance the avidity of CPIs. Additionally, the morphologies of glyco-nanostructures can significantly impact protein binding, bacterial adhesion, cellular internalization, and immune responses. In this review, we have examined the advancements in glyco-nanostructures of different shapes that modulate CPIs. We specifically emphasize glyco-nanostructures constructed from small-molecule amphiphilic carbohydrates, block copolymers, metal-based nanoparticles, and carbon-based materials, highlighting their potential applications in glycobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Ravindra Bhoge
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Ankita Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Raghavendra Kikkeri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
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3
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Alqahtani T, Deore SL, Kide AA, Shende BA, Sharma R, Chakole RD, Nemade LS, Kale NK, Borah S, Deokar SS, Behera A, Dhawal Bhandari D, Gaikwad N, Azad AK, Ghosh A. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis -An updated review. Mitochondrion 2023:S1567-7249(23)00051-X. [PMID: 37269968 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Misfolded proteins in the central nervous system can induce oxidative damage, which can contribute to neurodegenerative diseases in the mitochondria. Neurodegenerative patients face early mitochondrial dysfunction, impacting energy utilization. Amyloid-ß and tau problems both have an effect on mitochondria, which leads to mitochondrial malfunction and, ultimately, the onset of Alzheimer's disease. Cellular oxygen interaction yields reactive oxygen species within mitochondria, initiating oxidative damage to mitochondrial constituents. Parkinson's disease, linked to oxidative stress, α-synuclein aggregation, and inflammation, results from reduced brain mitochondria activity. Mitochondrial dynamics profoundly influence cellular apoptosis via distinct causative mechanisms. The condition known as Huntington's disease is characterized by an expansion of polyglutamine, primarily impactingthe cerebral cortex and striatum. Research has identified mitochondrial failure as an early pathogenic mechanism contributing to HD's selective neurodegeneration. The mitochondria are organelles that exhibit dynamism by undergoing fragmentation and fusion processes to attain optimal bioenergetic efficiency. They can also be transported along microtubules and regulateintracellular calcium homeostasis through their interaction with the endoplasmic reticulum. Additionally, the mitochondria produce free radicals. The functions of eukaryotic cells, particularly in neurons, have significantly deviated from the traditionally assigned role of cellular energy production. Most of them areimpaired in HD, which may lead to neuronal dysfunction before symptoms manifest. This article summarises the most important changes in mitochondrial dynamics that come from neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Finally, we discussed about novel techniques that can potentially treat mitochondrial malfunction and oxidative stress in four most dominating neuro disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | | | - Ritika Sharma
- University institute of pharma sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab.
| | - Rita Dadarao Chakole
- Government College of Pharmacy Vidyanagar Karad Dist Satara Maharashtra Pin 415124.
| | - Lalita S Nemade
- Govindrao Nikam College of Pharmacy Sawarde Maharashtra 415606.
| | | | - Sudarshana Borah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya Technocity, Ri-Bhoi District Meghalaya.
| | | | - Ashok Behera
- Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Dehradun,Uttarakhand.
| | - Divya Dhawal Bhandari
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014. India.
| | - Nikita Gaikwad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, P.E.S. Modern College of Pharmacy, Nigdi, Pune-411044.
| | - Abul Kalam Azad
- Faculty of Pharmacy MAHSA University Bandar Saujana putra, 42610, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Arabinda Ghosh
- Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati, 781014, Assam, India
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4
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Self-supported solution synthesis of oligosaccharides using thioglycosides donors. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Abstract
The construction of well-defined polyurethane dendrimers is challenging due to the high reactivity of externally added or in situ formed isocyanates leading to the formation of side products. With a primary focus of dendrimer research being the interaction of the periphery and the core, we report the synthesis of a common polyurethane dendron, which allows for the late-stage variation of both the periphery and the core. The periphery can be varied simply by installing a clickable unit in the dendron and then attaching to the core and vice-versa. Thus, a common dendron allows for varying periphery and core in the final two steps. To accomplish this, a protecting group-free, one-pot multicomponent Curtius reaction was utilized to afford a robust and versatile AB2 type polyurethane dendron employing commercially available simple molecules: 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid, 11-bromoundecanol, and 4-penten-1-ol. Subsequent late-stage modifications of either dendrons or dendrimers via a thiol-ene click reaction gave surface-functionalized alternating aromatic-aliphatic polyurethane homodendrimers to generation-three (G3). The dendrons and the dendrimers were characterized by NMR, mass spectrometry, and FT-IR analysis. A bifunctional AB2 type dendritic monomer demonstrated this approach’s versatility that can either undergo a thiol-ene click or attachment to the core. This approach enables the incorporation of functionalities at the periphery and the core that may not withstand the dendrimer growth for the synthesis of polyurethane dendrimers and other dendritic macromolecules.
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Microfluidics Technology for the Design and Formulation of Nanomedicines. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123440. [PMID: 34947789 PMCID: PMC8707902 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In conventional drug administration, drug molecules cross multiple biological barriers, distribute randomly in the tissues, and can release insufficient concentrations at the desired pathological site. Controlling the delivery of the molecules can increase the concentration of the drug in the desired location, leading to improved efficacy, and reducing the unwanted effects of the molecules under investigation. Nanoparticles (NPs), have shown a distinctive potential in targeting drugs due to their unique properties, such as large surface area and quantum properties. A variety of NPs have been used over the years for the encapsulation of different drugs and biologics, acting as drug carriers, including lipid-based and polymeric NPs. Applying NP platforms in medicines significantly improves the disease diagnosis and therapy. Several conventional methods have been used for the manufacturing of drug loaded NPs, with conventional manufacturing methods having several limitations, leading to multiple drawbacks, including NPs with large particle size and broad size distribution (high polydispersity index), besides the unreproducible formulation and high batch-to-batch variability. Therefore, new methods such as microfluidics (MFs) need to be investigated more thoroughly. MFs, is a novel manufacturing method that uses microchannels to produce a size-controlled and monodispersed NP formulation. In this review, different formulation methods of polymeric and lipid-based NPs will be discussed, emphasizing the different manufacturing methods and their advantages and limitations and how microfluidics has the capacity to overcome these limitations and improve the role of NPs as an effective drug delivery system.
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Sharma R, Liaw K, Sharma A, Jimenez A, Chang M, Salazar S, Amlani I, Kannan S, Kannan RM. Glycosylation of PAMAM dendrimers significantly improves tumor macrophage targeting and specificity in glioblastoma. J Control Release 2021; 337:179-192. [PMID: 34274384 PMCID: PMC8600682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is among the most aggressive forms of cancers, with a median survival of just 15-20 months for patients despite maximum clinical intervention. The majority of conventional anti-cancer therapies fail due to associated off-site toxicities which can be addressed by developing target-specific drug delivery systems. Advances in nanotechnology have provided targeted systems to overcome drug delivery barriers associated with brain and other types of cancers. Dendrimers have emerged as promising vehicles for targeted drug and gene delivery. Dendrimer-mediated targeting strategies can be further enhanced through the addition of targeting ligands to enable receptor-specific interactions. Here, we explore the sugar moieties as ligands conjugated to hydroxyl-terminated polyamidoamine dendrimers to leverage altered metabolism in cancer and immune targeting. Using a highly facile click chemistry approach, we modified the surface of dendrimers with glucose, mannose, or galactose moieties in a well-defined manner, to target upregulated sugar transporters in the context of glioblastoma. We show that glucose modification significantly enhanced targeting of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and microglia by increasing brain penetration and cellular internalization, while galactose modification shifts targeting away from TAMs towards galectins on glioblastoma tumor cells. Mannose modification did not alter TAMs and microglia targeting of these dendrimers, but did alter their kinetics of accumulation within the GBM tumor. The whole body biodistribution was largely similar between the systems. These results demonstrate that dendrimers are versatile delivery vehicles that can be modified to tailor their targeting for the treatment of glioblastoma and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Kevin Liaw
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Ambar Jimenez
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Michelle Chang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Sebastian Salazar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Imaan Amlani
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Sujatha Kannan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rangaramanujam M Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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8
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Kim Y, Hyun JY, Shin I. Multivalent glycans for biological and biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:10567-10593. [PMID: 34346405 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01606c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recognition of glycans by proteins plays a crucial role in a variety of physiological processes in cells and living organisms. In addition, interactions of glycans with proteins are involved in the development of diverse diseases, such as pathogen infection, inflammation and tumor metastasis. It is well-known that multivalent glycans bind to proteins much more strongly than do their monomeric counterparts. Owing to this property, numerous multivalent glycans have been utilized to elucidate glycan-mediated biological processes and to discover glycan-based biomedical agents. In this review, we discuss recent advances (2014-2020) made in the development and biological and biomedical applications of synthetic multivalent glycans, including neoglycopeptides, neoglycoproteins, glycodendrimers, glycopolymers, glyconanoparticles and glycoliposomes. We hope this review assists researchers in the design and development of novel multivalent glycans with predictable activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Young Hyun
- Department of Drug Discovery, Data Convergence Drug Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Korea.
| | - Injae Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Sharma R, Porterfield JE, An HT, Jimenez AS, Lee S, Kannan S, Sharma A, Kannan RM. Rationally Designed Galactose Dendrimer for Hepatocyte-Specific Targeting and Intracellular Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Liver Disorders. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:3574-3589. [PMID: 34324818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Over two million people die of liver disorders every year globally. Hepatocytes are the key cells affected in several acute and chronic liver diseases. The current clinical outcomes of liver-targeted nanoparticles are limited, necessitating the need to develop smart hepatocyte-targeted drug delivery systems. Here, we present the rational design and development of a hepatocyte-targeting glycodendrimer (GAL-24) built from biocompatible building blocks, using expedite and facile chemical methodology. GAL-24 is designed to inherently target asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGP-R) on hepatocytes and shows significant accumulation in the liver (20% of injected dose), just 1 h after systemic administration. This is highly specific to hepatocytes, with over 80% of hepatocytes showing GAL-24-Cy5 signal at 24 h. GAL-24-Cy5 maintains hepatocyte-targeting capabilities in both a mouse model of severe acetaminophen poisoning-induced hepatic necrosis and a rat model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This GAL-24 nanoplatform holds great promise for improved drug delivery to hepatocytes to combat many liver disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - Joshua E Porterfield
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Hyoung-Tae An
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States.,Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Ambar Scarlet Jimenez
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - Seulki Lee
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States.,Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Sujatha Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States.,Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - Rangaramanujam M Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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10
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Mousavifar L, Roy R. Design, Synthetic Strategies, and Therapeutic Applications of Heterofunctional Glycodendrimers. Molecules 2021; 26:2428. [PMID: 33921945 PMCID: PMC8122629 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycodendrimers have attracted considerable interest in the field of dendrimer sciences owing to their plethora of implications in biomedical applications. This is primarily due to the fact that cell surfaces expose a wide range of highly diversified glycan architectures varying by the nature of the sugars, their number, and their natural multiantennary structures. This particular situation has led to cancer cell metastasis, pathogen recognition and adhesion, and immune cell communications that are implicated in vaccine development. The diverse nature and complexity of multivalent carbohydrate-protein interactions have been the impetus toward the syntheses of glycodendrimers. Since their inception in 1993, chemical strategies toward glycodendrimers have constantly evolved into highly sophisticated methodologies. This review constitutes the first part of a series of papers dedicated to the design, synthesis, and biological applications of heterofunctional glycodendrimers. Herein, we highlight the most common synthetic approaches toward these complex molecular architectures and present modern applications in nanomolecular therapeutics and synthetic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - René Roy
- Glycosciences and Nanomaterial Laboratory, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada;
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11
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Milenin SA, Cherkaev GV, Demchenko NV, Serkova ES, Krasnova IY, Selezneva EV, Buzin MI, Bakirov AV, Vasil’ev VG, Shifrina ZB, Chvalun SN, Muzafarov AM. Influence of the Growing Flexible Shell on the Molecular Behavior of Hybrid Dendrimers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A. Milenin
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, 70 Profsouznaya St., Moscow 117393, Russia
| | - Georgy V. Cherkaev
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, 70 Profsouznaya St., Moscow 117393, Russia
| | - Nina V. Demchenko
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, 70 Profsouznaya St., Moscow 117393, Russia
| | - Elena S. Serkova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Irina Yu. Krasnova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Elizaveta V. Selezneva
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, 70 Profsouznaya St., Moscow 117393, Russia
| | - Mikhail I. Buzin
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Artem V. Bakirov
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, 70 Profsouznaya St., Moscow 117393, Russia
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Akademika Kurchatova pl., 1, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Viktor G. Vasil’ev
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Zinaida B. Shifrina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Sergey N. Chvalun
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Akademika Kurchatova pl., 1, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Aziz M. Muzafarov
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, 70 Profsouznaya St., Moscow 117393, Russia
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12
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Skwarecki AS, Nowak MG, Milewska MJ. Synthetic strategies in construction of organic macromolecular carrier-drug conjugates. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:5764-5783. [PMID: 32677650 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01101k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Many metabolic inhibitors, considered potential antimicrobial or anticancer drug candidates, exhibit very limited ability to cross the biological membranes of target cells. The restricted cellular penetration of those molecules is often due to their highhydrophilicity. One of the possible solutions to this problem is a conjugation of an inhibitor with a molecular organic nanocarrier. The conjugate thus formed should be able to penetrate the membrane(s) by direct translocation, endocytosis or active transport mechanisms and once internalized, the active component could reach its intracellular target, either after release from the conjugate or in an intact form. Several such nanocarriers have been proposed so far, including macromolecular systems, carbon nanotubes and dendrimers. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of the current status of rational design and synthesis of macromolecular organic nanocarrier-drug conjugates, with special attention focused on the mode of coupling of a nanocarrier moiety with a "cargo" molecule through linking fragments of non-cleavable or cleavable type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej S Skwarecki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Michał G Nowak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Maria J Milewska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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13
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García-Gallego S, Andrén OCJ, Malkoch M. Accelerated Chemoselective Reactions to Sequence-Controlled Heterolayered Dendrimers. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:1501-1509. [PMID: 31895981 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chemoselective reactions are a highly desirable approach to generate well-defined functional macromolecules. Their extraordinary efficiency and selectivity enable the development of flawless structures, such as dendrimers, with unprecedented structure-to-property capacity but with typically tedious synthetic protocols. Here we demonstrate the potency of chemoselective reactions to accomplish sequence-controlled heterolayered dendrimers. An accurate accelerated design of bis-MPA monomers with orthogonally complementary moieties and a wisely selected chemical toolbox generated highly complex monodisperse dendrimers through simplified protocols. The versatility of the strategy was proved by obtaining different dendritic families with different properties after altering the order of addition of the monomers. Moreover, we evaluated the feasibility of the one-pot approach toward these heterolayered dendrimers as proof-of-concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra García-Gallego
- Royal Institute of Technology , School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Fiber and Polymer Technology , Teknikringen 56-58 , SE-100 44 Stockholm , Sweden.,Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR) , University of Alcalá , 28805 Madrid , Spain
| | - Oliver C J Andrén
- Royal Institute of Technology , School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Fiber and Polymer Technology , Teknikringen 56-58 , SE-100 44 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Michael Malkoch
- Royal Institute of Technology , School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Fiber and Polymer Technology , Teknikringen 56-58 , SE-100 44 Stockholm , Sweden
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14
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Sharma A, Sharma R, Zhang Z, Liaw K, Kambhampati SP, Porterfield JE, Lin KC, DeRidder LB, Kannan S, Kannan RM. Dense hydroxyl polyethylene glycol dendrimer targets activated glia in multiple CNS disorders. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay8514. [PMID: 32010790 PMCID: PMC6976300 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay8514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Poor transport of neuropharmaceutics through central nervous system (CNS) barriers limits the development of effective treatments for CNS disorders. We present the facile synthesis of a novel neuroinflammation-targeting polyethylene glycol-based dendrimer (PEGOL-60) using an efficient click chemistry approach. PEGOL-60 reduces synthetic burden by achieving high hydroxyl surface density at low generation, which plays a key role in brain penetration and glia targeting of dendrimers in CNS disorders. Systemically administered PEGOL-60 crosses impaired CNS barriers and specifically targets activated microglia/macrophages at the injured site in diverse animal models for cerebral palsy, glioblastoma, and age-related macular degeneration, demonstrating its potential to overcome impaired blood-brain, blood-tumor-brain, and blood-retinal barriers and target key cells in the CNS. PEGOL-60 also exhibits powerful intrinsic anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in inflamed microglia in vitro. Therefore, PEGOL-60 is an effective vehicle to specifically deliver therapies to sites of CNS injury for enhanced therapeutic outcomes in a range of neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Rishi Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Kevin Liaw
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD 21218, USA
| | - Siva P. Kambhampati
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Joshua E. Porterfield
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD 21218, USA
| | - Ku Chien Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD 21218, USA
| | - Louis B. DeRidder
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD 21218, USA
| | - Sujatha Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger Inc., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rangaramanujam M. Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD 21218, USA
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger Inc., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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15
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Dias AP, da Silva Santos S, da Silva JV, Parise-Filho R, Igne Ferreira E, Seoud OE, Giarolla J. Dendrimers in the context of nanomedicine. Int J Pharm 2019; 573:118814. [PMID: 31759101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Dendrimers are globular structures, presenting an initiator core, repetitive layers starting radially from the core and terminal groups on the surface, resembling tree architecture. These structures have been studied in many biological applications, as drug, DNA, RNA and proteins delivery, as well as imaging and radiocontrast agents. With reference to that, this review focused in providing examples of dendrimers used in nanomedicine. Although most studies emphasize cancer, there are others which reveal action in the neurosystem, reducing either neuroinflammation or protein aggregation. Dendrimers can carry bioactive compounds by covalent bond (dendrimer prodrug), or by ionic interaction or adsortion in the internal space of the nanostructure. Additionally, dendrimers can be associated with other polymers, as PEG (polyethylene glycol), and with targeting structures as aptamers, antibodies, folic acid and carbohydrates. Their products in preclinical/clinical trial and those in the market are also discussed, with a total of six derivatives in clinical trials and seven products available in the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Dias
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Soraya da Silva Santos
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - João Vitor da Silva
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Roberto Parise-Filho
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Igne Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Omar El Seoud
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jeanine Giarolla
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil.
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16
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Majoral J, Caminade A. Phosphorhydrazones as Useful Building Blocks for Special Architectures: Macrocycles and Dendrimers. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean‐Pierre Majoral
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination CNRS 205, route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 04 France
- LCC‐CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS Toulouse France
| | - Anne‐Marie Caminade
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination CNRS 205, route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 04 France
- LCC‐CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS Toulouse France
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17
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Sharma A, Liaw K, Sharma R, Zhang Z, Kannan S, Kannan RM. Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Activated Microglia using Dendrimer-Based Therapeutics. Theranostics 2018; 8:5529-5547. [PMID: 30555562 PMCID: PMC6276292 DOI: 10.7150/thno.29039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative stress is associated with many neurodegenerative diseases, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI). Targeted delivery of antioxidants to mitochondria has failed to translate into clinical success due to their nonspecific cellular localization, poor transport properties across multiple biological barriers, and associated side effects. These challenges, coupled with the complex function of the mitochondria, create the need for innovative delivery strategies. Methods: Neutral hydroxyl-terminated polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers have shown significant potential as nanocarriers in multiple brain injury models. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is a clinically used antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent which has shown significant potency when delivered in a targeted manner. Here we present a mitochondrial targeting hydroxyl PAMAM dendrimer-drug construct (TPP-D-NAC) with triphenyl-phosphonium (TPP) for mitochondrial targeting and NAC for targeted delivery to mitochondria in injured glia. Co-localization and mitochondrial content of mitochondria-targeted and unmodified dendrimer were assessed in microglia and macrophages in vitro via immunohistochemistry and fluorescence quantification. Therapeutic improvements of TPP-D-NAC over dendrimer-NAC conjugate (D-NAC) and free NAC were evaluated in vitro in microglia under oxidative stress challenge. In vivo neuroinflammation targeting was confirmed in a rabbit model of TBI. Results: TPP-conjugated dendrimer co-localized significantly more with mitochondria than unmodified dendrimer without altering overall levels of cellular internalization. This targeting capability translated to significant improvements in the attenuation of oxidative stress by TPP-D-NAC compared to D-NAC and free NAC. Upon systemic administration in a rabbit TBI model, TPP-conjugated dendrimer co-localized specifically with mitochondria in activated microglia and macrophages in the white matter of the ipsilateral/injured hemisphere, confirming its BBB penetration and glial targeting capabilities. Conclusion: D-NAC has shown promising efficacy in many animal models of neurodegeneration, and this work provides evidence that modification for mitochondrial targeting can further enhance its therapeutic efficacy, particularly in diseases where oxidative stress-induced glial cell death plays a significant role in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Kevin Liaw
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD, 21218, USA
| | - Rishi Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Sujatha Kannan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc., Baltimore MD, 21205, USA
- Kennedy Krieger Institute - Johns Hopkins University for Cerebral Palsy Research Excellence, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Rangaramanujam M. Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD, 21218, USA
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc., Baltimore MD, 21205, USA
- Kennedy Krieger Institute - Johns Hopkins University for Cerebral Palsy Research Excellence, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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18
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Sehad C, Shiao TC, Sallam LM, Azzouz A, Roy R. Effect of Dendrimer Generation and Aglyconic Linkers on the Binding Properties of Mannosylated Dendrimers Prepared by a Combined Convergent and Onion Peel Approach. Molecules 2018; 23:E1890. [PMID: 30060568 PMCID: PMC6222628 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient study of carbohydrate-protein interactions was achieved using multivalent glycodendrimer library. Different dendrimers with varied peripheral sugar densities and linkers provided an arsenal of potential novel therapeutic agents that could be useful for better specific action and greater binding affinities against their cognate protein receptors. Highly effective click chemistry represents the basic method used for the synthesis of mannosylated dendrimers. To this end, we used propargylated scaffolds of varying sugar densities ranging from 2 to 18 for the attachment of azido mannopyranoside derivatives using copper catalyzed click cycloaddition. Mannopyranosides with short and pegylated aglycones were used to evaluate their effects on the kinetics of binding. The mannosylated dendrons were built using varied scaffolds toward the accelerated and combined "onion peel" strategy These carbohydrates have been designed to fight E. coli urinary infections, by inhibiting the formation of bacterial biofilms, thus neutralizing the adhesion of FimH type 1 lectin present at the tip of their fimbriae against the natural multiantennary oligomannosides of uroplakin 1a receptors expressed on uroepithelial tissues. Preliminary DLS studies of the mannosylated dendrimers to cross- link the leguminous lectin Con A used as a model showed their high potency as candidates to fight the E. coli adhesion and biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Sehad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Québec a Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
| | - Tze Chieh Shiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Québec a Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
| | - Lamyaa M Sallam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Québec a Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
| | - Abdelkrim Azzouz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Québec a Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
| | - René Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Québec a Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
- Glycovax Pharma Inc., 424 Guy, Suite 202, Montreal, QC H3J 1S6, Canada.
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19
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Sharma R, Sharma A, Kambhampati SP, Reddy RR, Zhang Z, Cleland JL, Kannan S, Kannan RM. Scalable synthesis and validation of PAMAM dendrimer- N-acetyl cysteine conjugate for potential translation. Bioeng Transl Med 2018; 3:87-101. [PMID: 30065965 PMCID: PMC6063872 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrimer-N-acetyl cysteine (D-NAC) conjugate has shown significant promise in multiple preclinical models of brain injury and is undergoing clinical translation. D-NAC is a generation-4 hydroxyl-polyamidoamine dendrimer conjugate where N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is covalently bound through disulfide linkages on the surface of the dendrimer. It has shown remarkable potential to selectively target and deliver NAC to activated microglia and astrocytes at the site of brain injury in several animal models, producing remarkable improvements in neurological outcomes at a fraction of the free drug dose. Here we present a highly efficient, scalable, greener, well-defined route to the synthesis of D-NAC, and validate the structure, stability and activity to define the benchmarks for this compound. This newly developed synthetic route has significantly reduced the synthesis time from three weeks to one week, uses industry-friendly solvents/reagents, and involves simple purification procedures, potentially enabling efficient scale up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of OphthalmologyWilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of OphthalmologyWilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287
| | - Siva P. Kambhampati
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of OphthalmologyWilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287
| | - Rajsekar Rami Reddy
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of OphthalmologyWilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Dept. of Anesthesiology and Critical Care MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287
| | | | - Sujatha Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of OphthalmologyWilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287
- Dept. of Anesthesiology and Critical Care MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc.BaltimoreMD21205
- Kennedy Krieger Institute – Johns Hopkins University for Cerebral Palsy Research ExcellenceBaltimoreMD21287
| | - Rangaramanujam M. Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of OphthalmologyWilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc.BaltimoreMD21205
- Kennedy Krieger Institute – Johns Hopkins University for Cerebral Palsy Research ExcellenceBaltimoreMD21287
- Dept.of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD21218
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20
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Abstract
From biomaterials to imaging, and from drug delivery to drugs by themselves, phosphorus-containing dendrimers offer a large palette of biological properties, depending essentially on their types of terminal functions. The most salient examples of phosphorus dendrimers used for the elaboration of bio-chips and of supports for cell cultures, for imaging biological events, and for carrying and delivering drugs or biomacromolecules are presented in this feature article. Several phosphorus dendrimers can be considered also as drugs per se (by themselves) in particular to fight against cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammation, both in vitro and in vivo. Toxicity assays are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Caminade
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 Route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
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21
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Development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Lectin LecA Inhibitor by using Bivalent Galactosides Supported on Polyproline Peptide Scaffolds. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:686-700. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201701724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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22
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Kurbatov AO, Balabaev NK, Mazo MA, Kramarenko EY. Molecular dynamics simulations of single siloxane dendrimers: Molecular structure and intramolecular mobility of terminal groups. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:014902. [PMID: 29306281 DOI: 10.1063/1.5009988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations of two types of isolated siloxane dendrimers of various generations (from the 2nd to the 8th) have been performed for temperatures ranging from 150 K to 600 K. The first type of dendrimer molecules has short spacers consisting of a single oxygen atom. In the dendrimers of the second type, spacers are longer and comprised of two oxygen atoms separated by a single silicon atom. A comparative analysis of molecular macroscopic parameters such as the gyration radius and the shape factor as well as atom distributions within dendrimer interior has been performed for varying generation number, temperature, and spacer length. It has been found that the short-spacer dendrimers of the 7th and 8th generations have a stressed central part with elongated bonds and deformed valence angles. Investigation of the time evolution of radial displacements of the terminal Si atoms has shown that a fraction of the Si groups have a reduced mobility. Therefore, rather long time trajectories (of the order of tens of nanoseconds) are required to study dendrimer intramolecular dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A O Kurbatov
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - N K Balabaev
- Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - M A Mazo
- Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - E Yu Kramarenko
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
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23
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Bagul RS, Hosseini MM, Shiao TC, Roy R. “Onion peel” glycodendrimer syntheses using mixed triazine and cyclotriphosphazene scaffolds. CAN J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2017-0220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An expeditious synthetic protocol for the construction of glycodendrimers is illustrated using the newly discovered “onion peel” strategy. The onion peel approach and orthogonal coupling strategies were accomplished with rationally design sequential modifications of cyanuric acid. Carefully chosen building blocks and their effective attachment by chemoselective atom economical click reactions, namely Cu (I) azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC) and photocatalyzed thiol-ene reaction (TEC), allowed rapid build-up of glycodendrimers in contrast to traditional dendrimers syntheses that are based on the repetitive use of identical building blocks to form each layer. The newly formed glycodendrimers were evaluated for their capacity to cross-link carbohydrate-lectin interactions using dynamic light scattering (DLS). Rapid increase in particle size was observed as a function of time when compared to their monomer counterparts resulting from the multivalent lectin cross-linking ability of the new glycodendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul S. Bagul
- Pharmaqam and Nanoqam, Department of Chemistry, University du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
- Pharmaqam and Nanoqam, Department of Chemistry, University du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Maryam M. Hosseini
- Pharmaqam and Nanoqam, Department of Chemistry, University du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
- Pharmaqam and Nanoqam, Department of Chemistry, University du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Tze Chieh Shiao
- Pharmaqam and Nanoqam, Department of Chemistry, University du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
- Pharmaqam and Nanoqam, Department of Chemistry, University du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - René Roy
- Pharmaqam and Nanoqam, Department of Chemistry, University du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
- Pharmaqam and Nanoqam, Department of Chemistry, University du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
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24
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Besford QA, Wojnilowicz M, Suma T, Bertleff-Zieschang N, Caruso F, Cavalieri F. Lactosylated Glycogen Nanoparticles for Targeting Prostate Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:16869-16879. [PMID: 28362077 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b02676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Glyconanoparticles that exhibit multivalent binding to lectins are desirable for molecular recognition and therapeutic applications. Herein we explore the use of glycogen nanoparticles as a biosourced glycoscaffold for engineering multivalent glyconanoparticles. Glycogen nanoparticles, a naturally occurring highly branched polymer of glucose, was functionalized with lactose, achieved through copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition chemistry, for targeted interaction with lectins ex situ and on prostate cancer cells. The lactosylated glycogen, which contains terminal β-galactoside moieties, is termed galacto-glycogen (GG), and is found to interact strongly with peanut agglutinin (PNA), a β-galactoside-specific lectin, as observed by optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and quartz crystal microbalance measurements. The GG nanoparticles exhibit multivalent binding to PNA with an affinity constant of 3.4 × 105 M-1, and the GG-PNA complex cannot be displaced by lactose, demonstrating the competitive binding of GG to the lectin. These GG nanoparticles were tested for association with prostate cancer cell membranes in vitro, where the particles exhibited a high affinity for the membrane, as observed from flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. This is inferred to result from specific extracellular galectin-1 targeting. Furthermore, the GG nanoparticles induce aggregation between prostate cancer cells. Our results highlight a strategy for engineering a biosourced polysaccharide with surface moieties that exhibit strong multivalent interactions with lectins, and targeted interaction with prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn A Besford
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Marcin Wojnilowicz
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Tomoya Suma
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Nadja Bertleff-Zieschang
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Frank Caruso
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Francesca Cavalieri
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Universita' degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", via della ricerca scientifica 1 , 00173 Rome, Italy
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25
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Soiberman U, Kambhampati SP, Wu T, Mishra MK, Oh Y, Sharma R, Wang J, Al Towerki AE, Yiu S, Stark WJ, Kannan RM. Subconjunctival injectable dendrimer-dexamethasone gel for the treatment of corneal inflammation. Biomaterials 2017; 125:38-53. [PMID: 28226245 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Corneal inflammation is often encountered as a key pathological event in many corneal diseases. Current treatments involve topical corticosteroids which require frequent instillations due to rapid tear turnover, causing side-effects such as corneal toxicity and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Hence, new interventions that can reduce side effects, dosing frequency, and increase patient compliance can be highly beneficial. In this study, we explore a subconjunctival injectable gel based on G4-PAMAM dendrimer and hyaluronic acid, cross-linked using thiol-ene click chemistry, incorporated with dendrimer dexamethasone (D-Dex) conjugates as a potential strategy for sustained delivery and enhanced bioavailability of corticosteroids. The efficacy of the injectable gel formulation was evaluated in a rat mild alkali burn model. Fluorescently-labelled dendrimers (D-Cy5) incorporated in the gel release D-Cy5 in vivo. The released D-Cy5 selectively targets and localizes within corneal macrophages in inflamed rat cornea but not in healthy controls. This pathology dependent biodistribution was exploited for drug delivery, by incorporating D-Dex in the injectable gel. The attenuation of corneal inflammation by D-Dex gels was assessed using various clinical and biochemical parameters over a 2-week period. Subconjunctival D-Dex gel treatment resulted in favorable clinically-relevant outcomes with reduced central corneal thickness and improved corneal clarity compared to free-Dex and placebo gel controls. The extent of corneal neovascularization was significantly reduced in the D-Dex group. These findings suggest that D-Dex attenuates corneal inflammation more effectively than free-Dex by attenuating macrophage infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokines expression. A significant elevation in IOP was not observed in the D-Dex group but was observed in the free-Dex group. This novel injectable D-Dex gel may be a potential drug delivery platform for the treatment of many inflammatory ocular surface disorders such as dry eye, auto-immune keratitis and post-surgical complications where frequent steroid administration is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uri Soiberman
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Cornea Division, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Siva P Kambhampati
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tony Wu
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Manoj K Mishra
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yumin Oh
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rishi Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiangxia Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Samuel Yiu
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Cornea Division, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Walter J Stark
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Cornea Division, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Rangaramanujam M Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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26
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Bagul RS, Hosseini M, Shiao TC, Saadeh NK, Roy R. Heterolayered hybrid dendrimers with optimized sugar head groups for enhancing carbohydrate–protein interactions. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01044c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Novel heterolayered (“onion peel”) hybrid glycodendrimers containing optimised sugar head groups with galactoside and mannoside units with affinities for two different lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - René Roy
- Pharmaqam
- Université du Québec à Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada
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27
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Tang R, Zhou S, Cheng Z, Yu G, Peng Q, Zeng H, Guo G, Li Q, Li Z. Janus second-order nonlinear optical dendrimers: their controllable molecular topology and corresponding largely enhanced performance. Chem Sci 2017; 8:340-347. [PMID: 28451178 PMCID: PMC5365064 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc02956f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A new type of Janus dendrimers, consisting of two different side dendrons with the dipole orientation of the second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophore moieties partially in a non-centrosymmetric direction, was intelligently designed and synthesized in order to enhance the macroscopic NLO performance and break through the limitation of NLO efficiency in the current molecular topological structure of azo chromophore-based polymers. This kind of Janus dendritic structure was constructed by the combination of convergent and divergent methods, with the utilization of a powerful "click chemistry reaction". The obtained three dendrimers, D-13N, D-17N and D-21N, show very high NLO performance, especially the dramatically enhanced NLO coefficient of 299 pm V-1 for D-13N, which is the highest value ever reported for polymers containing a simple azo chromophore. The new dendrimers provide a clear structure-properties relationship between high NLO efficiency and the controllable molecular topology with the non-centrosymmetrical alignment of dipole orientation, thus opening up a new avenue for the further development of NLO dendrimers with high performance and more importantly providing some clues for the rational design of functional dendrimers with controllable molecular topology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runli Tang
- Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China .
| | - Shengmin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China .
| | - Ziyao Cheng
- Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China .
| | - Gui Yu
- Institute of Chemistry , The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100080 , China
| | - Qian Peng
- Institute of Chemistry , The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100080 , China
| | - Huiyi Zeng
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter , The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Guocong Guo
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter , The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China .
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China .
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28
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Skwarecki AS, Milewski S, Schielmann M, Milewska MJ. Antimicrobial molecular nanocarrier–drug conjugates. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:2215-2240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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29
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Cyclotriphosphazene, an old compound applied to the synthesis of smart dendrimers with tailored properties. PURE APPL CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2016-0711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe versatile reactivity of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (N3P3Cl6) has been developed for the synthesis of specifically engineered dendrimers. Dendrimers are hyperbranched macromolecules built by concentric layers constituted of associated monomeric units. Many of the properties of dendrimers depend on the type of their surface (terminal) functions, which are generally all identical. For some specific purposes, it is desirable to have one function that is different at the level of the core. Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene offers the possibility to differentiate the reactivity of one (or more) Cl from the others, for producing specifically engineered dendritic tools. These specific reactions on N3P3Cl6 have produced highly dense dendrimers, Janus dendrimers (two faces), tools for functionalizing materials, with uses as catalysts, as chemical sensors, for trapping CO2, for the culture of cells, or for imaging biological events. These properties will be emphasized in this review.
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30
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Katir N, El Brahmi N, Marcotte N, Majoral JP, Bousmina M, El Kadib A. Orthogonal Synthesis of Covalent Polydendrimer Frameworks by Fusing Classical and Onion-Peel Phosphorus-Based Dendritic Units. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Katir
- Euromed
Research Center, Engineering Division, Euro-Mediterranean University of Fes (UEMF), Fès-Shore, Route de Sidi Hrazem, 30070 Fès, Morocco
| | - Nabil El Brahmi
- Euromed
Research Center, Engineering Division, Euro-Mediterranean University of Fes (UEMF), Fès-Shore, Route de Sidi Hrazem, 30070 Fès, Morocco
| | - Nathalie Marcotte
- Institut
Charles Gerhardt UMR 5253, CNRS/ENSCM/UM, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, Montpellier F-34295 Cedex, France
| | - Jean Pierre Majoral
- Laboratoire
de Chimie de Coordination (LCC), CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Mosto Bousmina
- Euromed
Research Center, Engineering Division, Euro-Mediterranean University of Fes (UEMF), Fès-Shore, Route de Sidi Hrazem, 30070 Fès, Morocco
| | - Abdelkrim El Kadib
- Euromed
Research Center, Engineering Division, Euro-Mediterranean University of Fes (UEMF), Fès-Shore, Route de Sidi Hrazem, 30070 Fès, Morocco
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31
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Tang R, Li Z. Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Dendrimers and Dendronized Hyperbranched Polymers. CHEM REC 2016; 17:71-89. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Runli Tang
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials; Department of Chemistry; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P.R. China
| | - Zhen Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials; Department of Chemistry; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P.R. China
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32
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Dib H, Rebout C, Laurent R, Mallet-Ladeira S, Sournia-Saquet A, Sárosi MB, Hey-Hawkins E, Majoral JP, Delavaux-Nicot B, Caminade AM. Ordered Layered Dendrimers Constructed from Two Known Dendrimer Families: Inheritance and Emergence of Properties. Chemistry 2016; 22:10736-42. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Dib
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination; CNRS; 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INPT 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Cyrille Rebout
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination; CNRS; 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INPT 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Régis Laurent
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination; CNRS; 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INPT 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination; CNRS; 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INPT 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Alix Sournia-Saquet
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination; CNRS; 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INPT 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Menyhárt B. Sárosi
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Universität Leipzig; Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Universität Leipzig; Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Jean-Pierre Majoral
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination; CNRS; 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INPT 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Béatrice Delavaux-Nicot
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination; CNRS; 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INPT 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Anne-Marie Caminade
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination; CNRS; 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INPT 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
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33
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Multivalent Carbohydrate-Lectin Interactions: How Synthetic Chemistry Enables Insights into Nanometric Recognition. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21050629. [PMID: 27187342 PMCID: PMC6274006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycan recognition by sugar receptors (lectins) is intimately involved in many aspects of cell physiology. However, the factors explaining the exquisite selectivity of their functional pairing are not yet fully understood. Studies toward this aim will also help appraise the potential for lectin-directed drug design. With the network of adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins as therapeutic targets, the strategy to recruit synthetic chemistry to systematically elucidate structure-activity relationships is outlined, from monovalent compounds to glyco-clusters and glycodendrimers to biomimetic surfaces. The versatility of the synthetic procedures enables to take examining structural and spatial parameters, alone and in combination, to its limits, for example with the aim to produce inhibitors for distinct galectin(s) that exhibit minimal reactivity to other members of this group. Shaping spatial architectures similar to glycoconjugate aggregates, microdomains or vesicles provides attractive tools to disclose the often still hidden significance of nanometric aspects of the different modes of lectin design (sequence divergence at the lectin site, differences of spatial type of lectin-site presentation). Of note, testing the effectors alone or in combination simulating (patho)physiological conditions, is sure to bring about new insights into the cooperation between lectins and the regulation of their activity.
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34
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Bifunctional Phosphorus Dendrimers and Their Properties. Molecules 2016; 21:538. [PMID: 27120586 PMCID: PMC6273332 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21040538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers are hyperbranched and monodisperse macromolecules, generally considered as a special class of polymers, but synthesized step-by-step. Most dendrimers have a uniform structure, with a single type of terminal function. However, it is often desirable to have at least two different functional groups. This review will discuss the case of bifunctional phosphorus-containing dendrimers, and the consequences for their properties. Besides the terminal functions, dendritic structures may have also a function at the core, or linked off-center to the core, or at the core of dendrons (dendritic wedges). Association of two dendrons having different terminal functions leads to Janus dendrimers (two faces). The internal structure can also possess functional groups on one layer, or linked to one layer, or on several layers. Finally, there are several ways to have two types of terminal functions, besides the case of Janus dendrimers: either each terminal function bears two functions sequentially, or two different functions are linked to each terminal branching point. Examples of each type of structure will be given in this review, as well as practical uses of such sophisticated structures in the fields of fluorescence, catalysis, nanomaterials and biology.
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35
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Sharma R, Zhang I, Shiao TC, Pavan GM, Maysinger D, Roy R. Low generation polyamine dendrimers bearing flexible tetraethylene glycol as nanocarriers for plasmids and siRNA. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:5106-5119. [PMID: 26868181 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06757j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Low G1 generation polyamine dendrimers built around programmable, flexible, and short tetraethyleneglycol branches were readily prepared in a divergent manner using a combination of orthogonal AB3 or AB5 units and highly efficient chemical transformations based on Cu(i) catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CUAAC) and thiol-ene click reactions. The constructs showed that the G1 polyamines with only twelve and eighteen amine surface groups can successfully deliver siRNA in human cells, with transfection efficiency comparable to that of Lipofectamine 2000®. Measurements of cell viability following transfection of plasmid DNA and siRNA showed that the dendritic polyamines are less cytotoxic than Lipofectamine 2000® and are thus preferable for biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Sharma
- Pharmaqam, Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Canada H3C 3P8.
| | - Issan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada.
| | - Tze Chieh Shiao
- Pharmaqam, Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Canada H3C 3P8.
| | - Giovanni M Pavan
- Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Galleria 2, 6928 Manno, Switzerland
| | - Dusica Maysinger
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada.
| | - René Roy
- Pharmaqam, Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Canada H3C 3P8.
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36
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Nguyen PT, Sharma R, Rej R, De Carufel CA, Roy R, Bourgault S. Low generation anionic dendrimers modulate islet amyloid polypeptide self-assembly and inhibit pancreatic β-cell toxicity. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15373a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The self-assembly and cytotoxicity of the amyloidogenic peptide IAPP can be controlled with low generation anionic dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong T. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry
- Pharmaqam
- University of Québec in Montreal
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - Rishi Sharma
- Department of Chemistry
- Pharmaqam
- University of Québec in Montreal
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - Rabindra Rej
- Department of Chemistry
- Pharmaqam
- University of Québec in Montreal
- Montreal
- Canada
| | | | - René Roy
- Department of Chemistry
- Pharmaqam
- University of Québec in Montreal
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - Steve Bourgault
- Department of Chemistry
- Pharmaqam
- University of Québec in Montreal
- Montreal
- Canada
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37
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Visini R, Jin X, Bergmann M, Michaud G, Pertici F, Fu O, Pukin A, Branson TR, Thies-Weesie DME, Kemmink J, Gillon E, Imberty A, Stocker A, Darbre T, Pieters RJ, Reymond JL. Structural Insight into Multivalent Galactoside Binding to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lectin LecA. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:2455-62. [PMID: 26295304 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Multivalent galactosides inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms may help control this problematic pathogen. To understand the binding mode of tetravalent glycopeptide dendrimer GalAG2 [(Gal-β-OC6H4CO-Lys-Pro-Leu)4(Lys-Phe-Lys-Ile)2Lys-His-Ile-NH2] to its target lectin LecA, crystal structures of LecA complexes with divalent analog GalAG1 [(Gal-β-OC6H4CO-Lys-Pro-Leu)2Lys-Phe-Lys-Ile-NH2] and related glucose-triazole linked bis-galactosides 3u3 [Gal-β-O(CH2)n-(C2HN3)-4-Glc-β-(C2HN3)-[β-Glc-4-(N3HC2)]2-(CH2)n-O-β-Gal (n = 1)] and 5u3 (n = 3) were obtained, revealing a chelate bound 3u3, cross-linked 5u3, and monovalently bound GalAG1. Nevertheless, a chelate bound model better explaining their strong LecA binding and the absence of lectin aggregation was obtained by modeling for all three ligands. A model of the chelate bound GalAG2·LecA complex was also obtained rationalizing its unusually tight LecA binding (KD = 2.5 nM) and aggregation by lectin cross-linking. The very weak biofilm inhibition with divalent LecA inhibitors suggests that lectin aggregation is necessary for biofilm inhibition by GalAG2, pointing to multivalent glycoclusters as a unique opportunity to control P. aeruginosa biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Visini
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Berne, Freiestrasse
3, 3012 Berne, Switzerland
| | - Xian Jin
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Berne, Freiestrasse
3, 3012 Berne, Switzerland
| | - Myriam Bergmann
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Berne, Freiestrasse
3, 3012 Berne, Switzerland
| | - Gaelle Michaud
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Berne, Freiestrasse
3, 3012 Berne, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Pertici
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, NL-3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ou Fu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, NL-3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aliaksei Pukin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, NL-3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas R. Branson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, NL-3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dominique M. E. Thies-Weesie
- Van’t
Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute
for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Kemmink
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, NL-3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Emilie Gillon
- Centre
de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales,
UPR5301, CNRS and Université Grenoble Alpes, 601 rue de la
Chimie, F38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Imberty
- Centre
de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales,
UPR5301, CNRS and Université Grenoble Alpes, 601 rue de la
Chimie, F38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Achim Stocker
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Berne, Freiestrasse
3, 3012 Berne, Switzerland
| | - Tamis Darbre
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Berne, Freiestrasse
3, 3012 Berne, Switzerland
| | - Roland J. Pieters
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, NL-3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Louis Reymond
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Berne, Freiestrasse
3, 3012 Berne, Switzerland
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38
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Sharma A, Kakkar A. Designing Dendrimer and Miktoarm Polymer Based Multi-Tasking Nanocarriers for Efficient Medical Therapy. Molecules 2015; 20:16987-7015. [PMID: 26393546 PMCID: PMC6332070 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200916987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
To address current complex health problems, there has been an increasing demand for smart nanocarriers that could perform multiple complimentary biological tasks with high efficacy. This has provoked the design of tailor made nanocarriers, and the scientific community has made tremendous effort in meeting daunting challenges associated with synthetically articulating multiple functions into a single scaffold. Branched and hyper-branched macromolecular architectures have offered opportunities in enabling carriers with capabilities including location, delivery, imaging etc. Development of simple and versatile synthetic methodologies for these nanomaterials has been the key in diversifying macromolecule based medical therapy and treatment. This review highlights the advancement from conventional "only one function" to multifunctional nanomedicine. It is achieved by synthetic elaboration of multivalent platforms in miktoarm polymers and dendrimers by physical encapsulation, covalent linking and combinations thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada.
| | - Ashok Kakkar
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada.
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39
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Synthesis of poly(aminoester) dendrimers via ‘click’ chemistry in combination with the divergent and convergent strategies. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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40
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Mohammed MO, Baird MS, Al Dulayymi JR. Mycolyl arabino glycerols from synthetic mycolic acids. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Arseneault M, Wafer C, Morin JF. Recent advances in click chemistry applied to dendrimer synthesis. Molecules 2015; 20:9263-94. [PMID: 26007183 PMCID: PMC6272213 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20059263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers are monodisperse polymers grown in a fractal manner from a central point. They are poised to become the cornerstone of nanoscale devices in several fields, ranging from biomedicine to light-harvesting. Technical difficulties in obtaining these molecules has slowed their transfer from academia to industry. In 2001, the arrival of the "click chemistry" concept gave the field a major boost. The flagship reaction, a modified Hüisgen cycloaddition, allowed researchers greater freedom in designing and building dendrimers. In the last five years, advances in click chemistry saw a wider use of other click reactions and a notable increase in the complexity of the reported structures. This review covers key developments in the click chemistry field applied to dendrimer synthesis from 2010 to 2015. Even though this is an expert review, basic notions and references have been included to help newcomers to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Arseneault
- Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Caroline Wafer
- Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Jean-François Morin
- Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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42
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Katir N, El Brahmi N, El Kadib A, Mignani S, Caminade AM, Bousmina M, Majoral JP. Synthesis of onion-peel nanodendritic structures with sequential functional phosphorus diversity. Chemistry 2015; 21:6400-8. [PMID: 25754619 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of novel families of phosphorus-based macromolecular architectures called "onion peel" phosphorus nanodendritic systems is reported. This construct is based on the versatility of methods of synthesis using several building blocks and on the capability of these systems to undergo regioselective reactions within the cascade structure. Sustainable metal-free routes such as the Staudinger reaction or Schiff-base condensation, involving only water and nitrogen as byproducts, allow access to several dendritic macromolecules bearing up to seven different phosphorus units in their backbone, each of them featuring specific reactivity. The presence of the highly aurophilic P=N-P=S fragment enables selective ligation of Au(I) within the dendritic framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Katir
- Euromed Research Institute, Engineering Division, Euro-Mediterranean University of Fes (UEMF), Fès-Shore, Route de Sidi Hrazem, 30070 Fès (Morocco)
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43
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Wu LP, Ficker M, Christensen JB, Trohopoulos PN, Moghimi SM. Dendrimers in Medicine: Therapeutic Concepts and Pharmaceutical Challenges. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:1198-211. [PMID: 25654320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dendrimers are three-dimensional macromolecular structures originating from a central core molecule and surrounded by successive addition of branching layers (generation). These structures exhibit a high degree of molecular uniformity, narrow molecular weight distribution, tunable size and shape characteristics, as well as multivalency. Collectively, these physicochemical characteristics together with advancements in design of biodegradable backbones have conferred many applications to dendrimers in formulation science and nanopharmaceutical developments. These have included the use of dendrimers as pro-drugs and vehicles for solubilization, encapsulation, complexation, delivery, and site-specific targeting of small-molecule drugs, biopharmaceuticals, and contrast agents. We briefly review these advances, paying particular attention to attributes that make dendrimers versatile for drug formulation as well as challenging issues surrounding the future development of dendrimer-based medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Ping Wu
- †Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Mario Ficker
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jørn B Christensen
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | | | - Seyed Moein Moghimi
- †Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.,∥NanoScience Centre, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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44
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Moreno S, Szwed A, El Brahmi N, Milowska K, Kurowska J, Fuentes-Paniagua E, Pedziwiatr-Werbicka E, Gabryelak T, Katir N, Javier de la Mata F, Muñoz-Fernández MA, Gomez-Ramirez R, Caminade AM, Majoral JP, Bryszewska M. Synthesis, characterization and biological properties of new hybrid carbosilane–viologen–phosphorus dendrimers. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra00960j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid carbosilane–viologen–phosphorus dendrimers were prepared, as an example of the synthetic “onion peel” approach, on the search of new physical–chemical and biological properties, respecting traditional dendritic architectures.
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Sharma R, Zhang I, Abbassi L, Rej R, Maysinger D, Roy R. A fast track strategy toward highly functionalized dendrimers with different structural layers: an “onion peel approach”. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01761g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A novel strategy is described for the rapid syntheses of polyhydroxylated dendrimers in which the layer by layer building blocks are different from one another. The resulting dendrimers showed no cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Sharma
- Pharmaqam and Nanoqam
- Department of Chemistry
- University du Québec à Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada
| | - Issan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics
- McGill University
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - Leïla Abbassi
- Pharmaqam and Nanoqam
- Department of Chemistry
- University du Québec à Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada
| | - Rabindra Rej
- Pharmaqam and Nanoqam
- Department of Chemistry
- University du Québec à Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada
| | - Dusica Maysinger
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics
- McGill University
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - René Roy
- Pharmaqam and Nanoqam
- Department of Chemistry
- University du Québec à Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada
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Abbassi L, Chabre YM, Kottari N, Arnold AA, André S, Josserand J, Gabius HJ, Roy R. Multifaceted glycodendrimers with programmable bioactivity through convergent, divergent, and accelerated approaches using polyfunctional cyclotriphosphazenes. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01283j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The cyclotriphosphazene-based platform facilitates versatile synthesis of glycodendrimers active as inhibitors of two biomedically relevant lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leïla Abbassi
- Pharmaqam
- Department of Chemistry
- University du Québec à Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada
| | - Yoann M. Chabre
- Pharmaqam
- Department of Chemistry
- University du Québec à Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada
| | - Naresh Kottari
- Pharmaqam
- Department of Chemistry
- University du Québec à Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada
| | - Alexandre A. Arnold
- Pharmaqam
- Department of Chemistry
- University du Québec à Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada
| | - Sabine André
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University
- 80539 Munich
- Germany
| | - Johan Josserand
- Pharmaqam
- Department of Chemistry
- University du Québec à Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University
- 80539 Munich
- Germany
| | - René Roy
- Pharmaqam
- Department of Chemistry
- University du Québec à Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada
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Roy R, Shiao TC. Glyconanosynthons as powerful scaffolds and building blocks for the rapid construction of multifaceted, dense and chiral dendrimers. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:3924-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00359d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The arsenal of available carbohydrates can be manipulated to provide versatile building blocks toward the syntheses of complex and chiral dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Roy
- Pharmaqam and Nanoqam
- Department of Chemistry
- Université du Québec à Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada
| | - Tze Chieh Shiao
- Pharmaqam and Nanoqam
- Department of Chemistry
- Université du Québec à Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada
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48
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Enciso AE, Ramirez-Crescencio F, Zeiser M, Redón R, Simanek EE. Accelerated synthesis of large generation triazine dendrimers using microwave assisted reactions: a 24 hour challenge. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00899a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The expedited synthesis of odd generation triazine dendrimers up to generation 9 can be executed in high yields using microwave irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. E. Enciso
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas Christian University
- Fort Worth
- USA
| | - F. Ramirez-Crescencio
- Departamento de Tecnociencias
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Coyoacán
| | - M. Zeiser
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas Christian University
- Fort Worth
- USA
| | - R. Redón
- Departamento de Tecnociencias
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Coyoacán
| | - E. E. Simanek
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas Christian University
- Fort Worth
- USA
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