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Foo JJ, Ng SF, Xiong M, Ong WJ. Mechanistic study of the competition between carbon dioxide reduction and hydrogen evolution reaction and selectivity tuning via loading single-atom catalysts on graphitic carbon nitride. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:16015-16025. [PMID: 39012281 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01932f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
In the context of catalytic CO2 reduction (CO2RR), the interference of the inherent hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the possible selectivity towards CO have posed a significant challenge to the generation of formic acid. To address this hurdle, in this work, we have investigated the impact of different single-atom metal catalysts on tuning selectivity by employing density functional theory (DFT) calculations to scrutinize the reaction pathways. Single-atom catalysts supported on carbon-based systems have proven to be pivotal in altering both the activity and selectivity of the CO2RR. In this study, a series of single-atom-metal-loaded g-C3N4 monolayers (MCN, M = Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Cd, In, Sn, Pb, Ag, Au, Bi, Pd and Pt) were systematically examined. Through detailed DFT calculations, we explored their influence on reaction selectivity between the *COOH and *OCHO intermediates. Notably, NiCN favors the reaction via the *OCHO route, with a significantly lower rate-determining potential of 0.36 eV, which is approximately 73.5% lower than that of the CN system (1.36 eV). Most importantly, the Ni single-atom catalyst with lower coordination significantly enhances CO2 adsorption, promoting CO2RR over HER. Overall, this study, guided by DFT calculations, provides a theoretical prediction of how the selection of single-atom metal catalysts can effectively modulate the reaction pathway, thereby offering a potential solution for achieving high product selectivity in CO2RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Jie Foo
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43900, Malaysia.
- Center of Excellence for NaNo Energy & Catalysis Technology (CONNECT), Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43900, Malaysia
| | - Sue-Faye Ng
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43900, Malaysia.
- Center of Excellence for NaNo Energy & Catalysis Technology (CONNECT), Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43900, Malaysia
| | - Mo Xiong
- MOE Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shanxi, China.
| | - Wee-Jun Ong
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43900, Malaysia.
- Center of Excellence for NaNo Energy & Catalysis Technology (CONNECT), Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43900, Malaysia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Gulei Innovation Institute, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou 363200, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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2
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Gottwald F, Penschke C, Saalfrank P. Water splitting at imine-linked covalent organic frameworks. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:21821-21831. [PMID: 39101840 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02019g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a promising class of metal-free catalysts, offering a high structural and functional variety. Here, we systematically study imine-linked COFs with donor (D) and acceptor (A) groups using density functional theory (DFT). Using water splitting as a model reaction, we analyze the effects of protonation of the catalyst, the orientation of the imine linkage leading to different constitutional isomers, and solvation. In agreement with experimental results, we show that protonation decreases the band gap. In addition, COFs in which the donor is closer to the nitrogen atom of the imine group (DNCA) have lower band gaps than those in which the donor is closer to the carbon atom (DCNA). Three different D/A COFs are compared in this work, for which energies for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and corresponding electrochemical overpotentials are computed. We show that reaction energies are very similar for DCNA and DNCA COFs. The differences in hydrogen evolution rates between the constitutional isomers observed experimentally in (photocatalytic) HER (Yang et al., Nat. Commun., 2022, 13, 6317), are proposed to be at least in part a consequence of differences in charge distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felizitas Gottwald
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
| | - Christopher Penschke
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
| | - Peter Saalfrank
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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3
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Li L, Tan R, Ouyang Y, Wei X, Tang Z. Prediction of two-dimensional C 3N 2 semiconductors with outstanding stability, moderate band gaps, and high carrier mobility. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:13055-13064. [PMID: 39034712 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01369g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors with suitable band gaps, high carrier mobility, and environmental stability are crucial for applications in the next generation of electronics and optoelectronics. However, current candidate materials each have one or more issues. In this work, two novel C3N2 monolayers, P-C3N2 and I-C3N2 are proposed by first-principles calculations. Both structures have demonstrated excellent dynamical and mechanical stability, with thermal stability approaching 3000 K. Importantly, P-C3N2 shows a distinct advantage in formation energy compared to currently synthesized 2D carbon nitride materials, indicating its potential for experimental synthesis. Electronic structure calculations reveal that both P-C3N2 and I-C3N2 are intrinsic semiconductors with moderate band gaps of 2.19 and 1.81 eV, respectively. Additionally, both C3N2 monolayers display high absorption coefficients up to 105 cm-1, with P-C3N2 showing significant absorption capabilities in the visible light region. Remarkably, P-C3N2 possesses an ultra-high carrier mobility of up to 104 cm2 V-1 s-1. These findings provide theoretical insights and candidates for future applications in the electronics and optoelectronics fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy Materials and Application Technologies, University of Hunan Province & College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421002, China.
| | - Rui Tan
- Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy Materials and Application Technologies, University of Hunan Province & College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421002, China.
| | - Yulou Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy Materials and Application Technologies, University of Hunan Province & College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421002, China.
| | - Xiaolin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy Materials and Application Technologies, University of Hunan Province & College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421002, China.
| | - Zhenkun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy Materials and Application Technologies, University of Hunan Province & College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421002, China.
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4
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Anjum N, Kashif M, Shahzad A, Rasheed A, Ren G. 2D Janus ZrSSe/SnSSe Heterostructure: A Promising Candidate for Photocatalytic Water Splitting. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:19848-19858. [PMID: 38737088 PMCID: PMC11079906 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The distinctive physical characteristics and wide range of potential applications in optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices have ignited significant interest in two-dimensional materials. Intensive research attention has been focused on Janus transition metal dichalcogenides due to their unique properties resulting from symmetry disruption and their potential in photocatalysis applications. Motivated by the current fascination with Janus TMD heterostructures, we conducted first-principles calculations to examine the stability, electronic, and optical properties of monolayers consisting of ZrSSe, SnSSe, and the ZrSSe/SnSSe heterostructure. The results indicate that the Janus ZrSSe/SnSSe heterostructure exhibits a structural and mechanical stability. Using the HSE06 functional, the ZrSSe/SnSSe heterostructure shows an indirect band gap of 1.20 eV, and band edge analysis reveals a type-II band alignment. The potential for photo/electrocatalysis in the ZrSSe/SnSSe heterostructure for water splitting or generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been explored, and it was found that the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) can spontaneously activate in acidic (pH = 0) media under light irradiation, with a potential of U = 1.82 eV. Additionally, the ZrSSe/SnSSe heterostructure exhibits strong light absorption across a wide range, from visible light to the ultraviolet region, at various levels. These findings open up possibilities for the application of ZrSSe/SnSSe-based materials in optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Anjum
- Physics
Department, Govt. College University Faisalabad
(GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kashif
- Physics
Department, Govt. College University Faisalabad
(GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Shahzad
- Physics
Department, Govt. College University Faisalabad
(GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rasheed
- Physics
Department, Govt. College University Faisalabad
(GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Guogang Ren
- School
of Physics, Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, U.K.
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Ojha D, Penschke C, Saalfrank P. Vibrational dynamics and spectroscopy of water at porous g-C 3N 4 and C 2N surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:11084-11093. [PMID: 38530253 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05964b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Porous graphitic materials containing nitrogen are promising catalysts for photo(electro)chemical reactions, notably water splitting, but can also serve as "molecular sieves". Nitrogen increases the hydrophilicity of the graphite parent material, among other effects. A deeper understanding of how water interacts with C- and N-containing layered materials, if and which differences exist between materials with different N content and pore size, and what the role of water dynamics is - a prerequsite for catalysis and sieving - is largely absent, however. Vibrational spectroscopy can answer some of these questions. In this work, the vibrational dynamics and spectroscopy of deuterated water molecules (D2O) mimicking dense water layers at room temperature on the surfaces of two different C/N-based materials with different N content and pore size, namely graphitic C3N4 (g-C3N4) and C2N, are studied using ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD). In particular, time-dependent vibrational sum frequency generation (TD-vSFG) spectra of the OD modes and also time-averaged vSFG spectra and OD frequency distributions are computed. This allows us to distinguish "free" (dangling) OD bonds from OD bonds that are bound in a H-bonded water network or at the surface - with subtle differences between the two surfaces and also to a pure water/air interface. It is found that the temporal decay of OD modes is very similar on both surfaces with a correlation time near 4 ps. In contrast, TD-vSFG spectra reveal that the interconversion time from "bonded" to "free" OD bonds is about 8 ps for water on C2N and thus twice as long as for g-C3N4, demonstrating a propensity of the former material to stabilize bonded OD bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Ojha
- Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
| | - Christopher Penschke
- Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
| | - Peter Saalfrank
- Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
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Bhauriyal P, Heine T. Tailoring photocatalytic water splitting activity of boron-thiophene polymer through pore size engineering. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:094712. [PMID: 38445742 DOI: 10.1063/5.0197992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Taking into account the electron-rich and visible light response of thiophene, first-principles calculations have been carried out to explore the photocatalytic activity of donor-acceptor polymers incorporating thiophene and boron. Honeycomb-kagome boron-thiophene (BTP) polymers with varying numbers of thiophene units and fixed B center atoms are direct bandgap semiconductors with tunable bandgaps ranging from 2.41 to 1.88 eV and show high absorption coefficients under the ultraviolet and visible regions of the solar spectrum. Fine-tuning the band edges of the BTP polymer is efficiently achieved by adjusting the pore size through the manipulation of thiophene units between the B centers. This manipulation, achieved without excessive chemical functionalization, facilitates the generation of an appropriate quantity of photoexcited electrons and/or holes to straddle the redox potential of the water. Our study demonstrates that two units between B centers of thiophene in BTP polymers enable overall photocatalytic water splitting, whereas BTP polymers with larger pores solely promote photocatalytic hydrogen reduction. Moreover, the thermodynamics of hydrogen and oxygen reduction reactions either proceed spontaneously or need small additional external biases. Our findings provide the rationale for designing metal-free and single-material polymer photocatalysts based on thiophene, specifically for achieving efficient overall water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Bhauriyal
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Heine
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, HZDR, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advanced Systems Understanding, CASUS, Untermarkt 20, 02826 Görlitz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and ibs for Nanomedicine, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
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7
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Zhang R, Yang ZD, Yang Y, Zhang FM, Zhang G. Understanding Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting of β-Ketoamine COFs through the N-C Site Synergistic Mechanism. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 38038242 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Overcoming the sluggish reaction kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a determining factor for the practical application of photocatalysts for overall water splitting. Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D-COFs) offer an ideal platform for catalyst design in the field of overall water splitting for their exceptional chemical tunability and high efficiency of light capture. In this work, four β-ketoamine 2D-COFs, consisting of 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) groups and different linkers with pyridine segments, were constructed and optimized. By means of first-principles calculations, the band structures, free energy changes of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and OER, and charge density distributions were calculated and investigated systemically to discuss the visible-light response, overall water splitting activities on active sites, and the characteristic of charge transfer and separation. The protonated pyridine N derived from the double-H2O closed-ring H-bond adsorption model could efficiently induce N-C sites' synergistic effect between pyridine N and its ortho-position C to minimize the OER energy barrier and to enhance the charge transfer and separation. A N-C site synergistic mechanism has been proposed to provide a comprehensive explanation for the experimental results and a new strategy to design novel 2D-COF photocatalysts for overall water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of CO2 Resource Utilization and Energy Catalytic Materials, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China
| | - Zhao-Di Yang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of CO2 Resource Utilization and Energy Catalytic Materials, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of CO2 Resource Utilization and Energy Catalytic Materials, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China
| | - Feng-Ming Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of CO2 Resource Utilization and Energy Catalytic Materials, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China
| | - Guiling Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of CO2 Resource Utilization and Energy Catalytic Materials, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China
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Wu H, Li L, Wang S, Zhu N, Li Z, Zhao L, Wang Y. Recent advances of semiconductor photocatalysis for water pollutant treatment: mechanisms, materials and applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25899-25924. [PMID: 37746773 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03391k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor photocatalysis has become an increasing area of interest for use in water treatment methods. This review systematically presents the recent developments of emerging semiconductor photocatalysis system and their application in the removal of water pollutants. A brief overview of the semiconductor photocatalysis mechanism involved with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is provided first. Then a detailed explanation of the development of TiO2-based, g-C3N4-based, and bismuth-based semiconductor materials and their applications in the degradation of water pollutants are highlighted with recent illustrative examples. Furthermore, the future prospects of semiconductor photocatalysis for water treatment are critically analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huasheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, PO Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, 310007, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Lingxiangyu Li
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, 310007, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Geological Resources and Environment Monitoring and Protection, Hebei Geological Environmental Monitoring Institute, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
| | - Nali Zhu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, 310007, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, 310007, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Lixia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, PO Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, 310007, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, PO Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, 310007, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
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Ma J, Wang X, Yang D, Fan J, Lai X, Eglitis RI, Liu Y. Enhancing photocatalytic overall water-splitting performance on dual-active-sites of the Co-P@MoS 2 catalysts: a DFT study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:21554-21561. [PMID: 37545410 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03202g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The rational construction of photocatalysts possesses tremendous potential to solve the energy crisis and environmental pollution; however, designing a catalyst for solar-driven overall water-splitting remains a great challenge. Herein, we propose a new MoS2-based photocatalyst (Co-P@MoS2), which skillfully uses the cobalt (Co) atom to stimulate in-plane S atoms and employs the phosphorus (P) atom to stabilize the basal plane by forming the Co-P bands. Using density functional theory (DFT), it was found that oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) can occur at the P site and S2 site of the Co-P@MoS2, respectively, and the dual-active sites successfully makes a delicate balance between the adsorption and dissociation of hydrogen. Furthermore, the improved overall water-splitting performance of Co-P@MoS2 was verified by analyzing the results of the electron structure and the dynamics of photogenerated carries. It was found that the imbalance of electron transfer caused by the introduction of the Co atom was the main contributor to the catalytic activity of Co-P@MoS2. Our study broadens the idea of developing photocatalysts for the overall water-splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Dongchun Yang
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Jianhua Fan
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Xiaoyong Lai
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Roberts I Eglitis
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, 8 Kengaraga Str., Riga LV1067, Latvia
| | - Yingtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
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10
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Sakhraoui T. Effect of vacancy defect and strain on the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of carbon nitride 2D monolayers by DFTB method. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35. [PMID: 37183456 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acd293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of CnNm(C6N6, C2N, C3N and C3N4) using density functional tight-binding (DFTB) method. We find that these compounds are dynamically stable and their electronic band gaps are in the range of 0.59-3.28 eV. We show that the electronic structure is modulated by strain and the semiconducting behavior is well preserved except for C3N at +5% biaxial strain, where a transition from semiconductor to metal was observed. Under +3% biaxial strain, C3N4undergoes a transition from an indirect (K-Γ) to a direct (Γ-Γ) band gap. Moreover, band gap of C2N transforms from direct (Γ-Γ) to indirect (M-Γ) under +4% biaxial strain. However, no change in the nature of the band gap of C6N6. Further, when the studied materials under uniaxial tensile strain, their bandgaps reduce. Our theoretical study showed that an indirect-to-direct nature transition may occur for C6N6and for C3N4, which broadens their applications. On the other hand, magnetism is observed in all N-vacancy defected CnNm, which encourages its application in spintronic. Moreover, calculations of formation energies indicate that N-vacancy is energetically more favorable than C-vacancy in both C2N and C3N4. Opposite behavior found for C6N6and C3N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoufik Sakhraoui
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 30. Dubna 22, 701 03 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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11
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Gao Z, He X, Li W, He Y, Xiong K. Two-dimensional Pd 3(AsSe 4) 2 as a photocatalyst for the solar-driven oxygen evolution reaction: a first-principles study. RSC Adv 2023; 13:11742-11750. [PMID: 37063721 PMCID: PMC10103178 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00592e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between the structure and properties of materials is the core of material research. Bulk Pd3(PS4)2 materials have been successfully synthesized in the field of three-dimensional materials. After that, various studies on two-dimensional layered materials were conducted. Inspired by these successes, this work used density functional theory based on first principles to explore similar two-dimensional Pd3(AsX4)2, where X is S, Se, or Te belonging to the same group. Our findings demonstrate that the Pd3(AsS4)2 and Pd3(AsSe4)2 monolayers, with HSE06 band gaps of 2.37 and 1.36 eV, respectively, are indirect semiconductors. Additionally, their carrier mobilities [523.23 cm2 s-1 V-1 and 440.6 cm2 s-1 V-1] are also proved to be superior to MoS2 [∼200 cm2 s-1 V-1]. The optical calculations indicate that the Pd3(AsSe4)2 monolayer yields suitable valence band edge positions for the visible-light-driven water splitting reactions. More interestingly, at a low applied voltage of 0.14 V, Pd3(AsSe4)2 exhibits outstanding oxygen evolution reaction performance. In this study, the possible mechanism for the ability of Pd3(AsSe4)2 monolayer to promote photocatalysis and oxygen evolution was explained, which may pave the way for the practical design of further solar-driven high-quality water splitting photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Gao
- Department of Physics, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 People's Republic of China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Physics, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhong Li
- Department of Physics, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 People's Republic of China
| | - Yao He
- Department of Physics, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Xiong
- Materials Genome Institute, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
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12
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Hayat A, Sohail M, Anwar U, Taha TA, Qazi HIA, Amina, Ajmal Z, Al-Sehemi AG, Algarni H, Al-Ghamdi AA, Amin MA, Palamanit A, Nawawi WI, Newair EF, Orooji Y. A Targeted Review of Current Progress, Challenges and Future Perspective of g-C 3 N 4 based Hybrid Photocatalyst Toward Multidimensional Applications. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202200143. [PMID: 36285706 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for searching highly efficient and robust technologies in the context of sustainable energy production totally rely onto the cost-effective energy efficient production technologies. Solar power technology in this regard will perceived to be extensively employed in a variety of ways in the future ahead, in terms of the combustion of petroleum-based pollutants, CO2 reduction, heterogeneous photocatalysis, as well as the formation of unlimited and sustainable hydrogen gas production. Semiconductor-based photocatalysis is regarded as potentially sustainable solution in this context. g-C3 N4 is classified as non-metallic semiconductor to overcome this energy demand and enviromental challenges, because of its superior electronic configuration, which has a median band energy of around 2.7 eV, strong photocatalytic stability, and higher light performance. The photocatalytic performance of g-C3 N4 is perceived to be inadequate, owing to its small surface area along with high rate of charge recombination. However, various synthetic strategies were applied in order to incorporate g-C3 N4 with different guest materials to increase photocatalytic performance. After these fabrication approaches, the photocatalytic activity was enhanced owing to generation of photoinduced electrons and holes, by improving light absorption ability, and boosting surface area, which provides more space for photocatalytic reaction. In this review, various metals, non-metals, metals oxide, sulfides, and ferrites have been integrated with g-C3 N4 to form mono, bimetallic, heterojunction, Z-scheme, and S-scheme-based materials for boosting performance. Also, different varieties of g-C3 N4 were utilized for different aspects of photocatalytic application i. e., water reduction, water oxidation, CO2 reduction, and photodegradation of dye pollutants, etc. As a consequence, we have assembled a summary of the latest g-C3 N4 based materials, their uses in solar energy adaption, and proper management of the environment. This research will further well explain the detail of the mechanism of all these photocatalytic processes for the next steps, as well as the age number of new insights in order to overcome the current challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Hayat
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, PR, China.,College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, 313001, P.R. China
| | - Usama Anwar
- Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - T A Taha
- Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.,Physics and Engineering Mathematics Department, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, 32952, Egypt
| | - H I A Qazi
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China
| | - Amina
- Department of Physics, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Ajmal
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Xian, PR China
| | - Abdullah G Al-Sehemi
- Research Center for Adv. Mater. Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamed Algarni
- Research Center for Adv. Mater. Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Amin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arkom Palamanit
- Energy Technol. Program, Department of Specialized Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, 15 Karnjanavanich Rd., Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - W I Nawawi
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Perlis, 02600, Arau Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Emad F Newair
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - Yasin Orooji
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
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13
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Zhang X, Pan R, Hou T, Zhang S, Wan X, Li Y, Liu S, Liu J, Zhang J. Doping transition metal in PdSeO3 atomic layers by aqueous cation exchange: A new doping protocol for a new 2D photocatalyst. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.10.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Chandra M, Guharoy U, Pradhan D. Boosting the Photocatalytic H 2 Evolution and Benzylamine Oxidation using 2 D/1D g-C 3N 4/TiO 2 Nanoheterojunction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:22122-22137. [PMID: 35506450 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present research aims at the elevation of solar-to-chemical energy conversion with extortionate performance and sustainability. The nanostructured materials are revolutionizing the water splitting technology into decoupled hydrogen with simultaneous value-added organic chemical production. Yet, the bottleneck in semiconductor photocatalysis is rapid charge recombination and sluggish reaction kinetics. Herein, we demonstrate an efficient and non-noble metal-based catalyst for successful redox reaction with a theoretical modeling through density functional theory (DFT) study. Implementing this robust approach on 2D/1D ultrathin g-C3N4 nanosheets and TiO2 nanowires heterojunction, we achieved H2 production of 5.1 mmol g-1 h-1 with apparent quantum efficiency of 7.8% under visible light illumination and 93% of benzylamine conversion to N-benzylidene benzylamine in situ. The interface of 2D g-C3N4 nanosheets and 1D nanowires provide ample active sites and extends the visible light absorption with requisite band edge position for the separation of photoinduced charge carriers with superior stability. The electronic properties, band structure, and stability of the heterojunction are further investigated via DFT calculations which corroborate the experimental results and in good agreement for the enhanced activity of the heterojunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Chandra
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Utsab Guharoy
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Debabrata Pradhan
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
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15
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Jakhar M, Kumar A, Ahluwalia PK, Tankeshwar K, Pandey R. Engineering 2D Materials for Photocatalytic Water-Splitting from a Theoretical Perspective. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:2221. [PMID: 35329672 PMCID: PMC8954018 DOI: 10.3390/ma15062221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Splitting of water with the help of photocatalysts has gained a strong interest in the scientific community for producing clean energy, thus requiring novel semiconductor materials to achieve high-yield hydrogen production. The emergence of 2D nanoscale materials with remarkable electronic and optical properties has received much attention in this field. Owing to the recent developments in high-end computation and advanced electronic structure theories, first principles studies offer powerful tools to screen photocatalytic systems reliably and efficiently. This review is organized to highlight the essential properties of 2D photocatalysts and the recent advances in the theoretical engineering of 2D materials for the improvement in photocatalytic overall water-splitting. The advancement in the strategies including (i) single-atom catalysts, (ii) defect engineering, (iii) strain engineering, (iv) Janus structures, (v) type-II heterostructures (vi) Z-scheme heterostructures (vii) multilayer configurations (viii) edge-modification in nanoribbons and (ix) the effect of pH in overall water-splitting are summarized to improve the existing problems for a photocatalytic catalytic reaction such as overcoming large overpotential to trigger the water-splitting reactions without using cocatalysts. This review could serve as a bridge between theoretical and experimental research on next-generation 2D photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Jakhar
- Department of Physics, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India;
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Physics, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India;
| | | | - Kumar Tankeshwar
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh 123031, India;
| | - Ravindra Pandey
- Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA;
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16
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Luo D, Yin K, Dronskowski R. Existence of BeCN 2 and Its First-Principles Phase Diagram: Be and C Introducing Structural Diversity. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:5155-5162. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongbao Luo
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Liuxian Blvd, Nanshan District, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Ketao Yin
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Linyi University, 276005 Linyi, China
| | - Richard Dronskowski
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Liuxian Blvd, Nanshan District, 518055 Shenzhen, China
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17
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Hydroxyl-functionalized ultra-thin graphitic-carbon-nitrite nanosheets-accommodated polyvinyl alcohol membrane for pervaporation of isopropanol/water mixture. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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18
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Synergistic effect of KCl mixing and melamine/urea mixture in the synthesis of g-C3N4 for photocatalytic removal of tetracycline. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Wang B, Sun Y, Yang G. SiCP 4 Monolayer with a Direct Band Gap and High Carrier Mobility for Photocatalytic Water Splitting. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:190-197. [PMID: 34967221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic water splitting is a promising method that uses sunlight to generate hydrogen from water to provide clean and renewable energy resources. Two-dimensional materials with abundant active sites are ideal candidates for achieving this goal; however, few of the known ones can meet the rigorous requirement of photocatalytic water splitting. By using first-principles swarm-intelligence search calculations, we have successfully identified two new semiconducting SiCP2 and SiCP4 monolayers. Their band-edge heights evidently straddle the redox potentials of water. For the more prominent SiCP4 monolayer, additional external biases of 0.32 V for water oxidation and 0.03 V for the hydrogen reduction half-reaction would be enough to drive its reaction sequences at pH 0, and it can spontaneously proceed to the water oxidation half-reaction in a neutral solution. Interestingly, the excellent optical absorbance ability (∼104 cm-1) and high carrier mobility (∼105 cm2 V-1 s-1) of SiCP2 and SiCP4 facilitate the utilization of sunlight and the fast transportation of photogenerated carriers. All of these properties make SiCP2 and SiCP4 monolayers promising candidates for applications in photocatalytic water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yuanhui Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, California 91330, United States
| | - Guochun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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20
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Penschke C, Edler von Zander R, Beqiraj A, Zehle A, Jahn N, Neumann R, Saalfrank P. Water on porous, nitrogen-containing layered carbon materials: The performance of computational model chemistries. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:14709-14726. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00657j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Porous, layered materials containing sp2-hybridized carbon and nitrogen atoms, offer through their tunable properties, a versatile route towards tailormade catalysts for electrochemistry and photochemistry. A key molecule interacting with these...
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21
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Qiao M, Li Y. Two-dimensional β-PdSeO 3 monolayer as a high-efficiency photocatalyst for solar-to-hydrogen conversion. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy01292h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The β-PdSeO3 monolayer is semiconducting with a considerable band gap and shows appropriate band edge positions for photocatalytic water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Qiao
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 210044 Nanjing, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
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22
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Schäfer T, Gallo A, Irmler A, Hummel F, Grüneis A. Surface science using coupled cluster theory via local Wannier functions and in-RPA-embedding: The case of water on graphitic carbon nitride. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:244103. [PMID: 34972356 DOI: 10.1063/5.0074936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A first-principles study of the adsorption of a single water molecule on a layer of graphitic carbon nitride is reported employing an embedding approach for many-electron correlation methods. To this end, a plane-wave based implementation to obtain intrinsic atomic orbitals and Wannier functions for arbitrary localization potentials is presented. In our embedding scheme, the localized occupied orbitals allow for a separate treatment of short-range and long-range correlation contributions to the adsorption energy by a fragmentation of the simulation cell. In combination with unoccupied natural orbitals, the coupled cluster ansatz with single, double, and perturbative triple particle-hole excitation operators is used to capture the correlation in local fragments centered around the adsorption process. For the long-range correlation, a seamless embedding into the random phase approximation yields rapidly convergent adsorption energies with respect to the local fragment size. Convergence of computed binding energies with respect to the virtual orbital basis set is achieved employing a number of recently developed techniques. Moreover, we discuss fragment size convergence for a range of approximate many-electron perturbation theories. The obtained benchmark results are compared to a number of density functional calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Schäfer
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/136, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alejandro Gallo
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/136, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Irmler
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/136, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Felix Hummel
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/136, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Grüneis
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/136, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
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23
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Oseghe EO, Akpotu SO, Mombeshora ET, Oladipo AO, Ombaka LM, Maria BB, Idris AO, Mamba G, Ndlwana L, Ayanda OS, Ofomaja AE, Nyamori VO, Feleni U, Nkambule TT, Msagati TA, Mamba BB, Bahnemann DW. Multi-dimensional applications of graphitic carbon nitride nanomaterials – A review. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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Tang M, Wang B, Lou H, Li F, Bergara A, Yang G. Anisotropic and High-Mobility C 3S Monolayer as a Photocatalyst for Water Splitting. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8320-8327. [PMID: 34428049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Taking into account the high conductivity and stability of carbon materials, such as graphene, and the strong polar covalent bonding character of main-group compounds, we explore potential 2D materials in the C-S binary system through first-principles structure search calculations. Herein, a hitherto unknown semiconducting C3S monolayer is identified, consisting of well-known n-biphenyl and S atom linked benzenes, exhibiting an obvious direction-dependent atomic arrangement. Thus, it exhibits anisotropic mechanical properties and carrier mobility. Its electron mobility reaches 2.14 × 104 cm2 V-1 s-1 in the b direction, along which n-biphenyl units are arranged, and is much higher than that in the well-used MoS2 monolayer and black phosphorus. Meanwhile, the C3S monolayer has high optical absorption coefficients (105 cm-1), high thermal and dynamical stabilities, and a moderate ability to split water. All these desirable properties make the C3S monolayer a promising candidate for applications in novel optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Tang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Huan Lou
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Aitor Bergara
- Departamento de Física, Universidad del País Vasco-Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia, Spain
| | - Guochun Yang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
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25
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Ab-Initio Spectroscopic Characterization of Melem-Based Graphitic Carbon Nitride Polymorphs. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11071863. [PMID: 34361249 PMCID: PMC8308387 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric graphitic carbon nitride (gCN) compounds are promising materials in photoactivated electrocatalysis thanks to their peculiar structure of periodically spaced voids exposing reactive pyridinic N atoms. These are excellent sites for the adsorption of isolated transition metal atoms or small clusters that can highly enhance the catalytic properties. However, several polymorphs of gCN can be obtained during synthesis, differing for their structural and electronic properties that ultimately drive their potential as catalysts. The accurate characterization of the obtained material is critical for the correct rationalization of the catalytic results; however, an unambiguous experimental identification of the actual polymer is challenging, especially without any reference spectroscopic features for the assignment. In this work, we optimized several models of melem-based gCN, taking into account different degrees of polymerization and arrangement of the monomers, and we present a thorough computational characterization of their simulated XRD, XPS, and NEXAFS spectroscopic properties, based on state-of-the-art density functional theory calculations. Through this detailed study, we could identify the peculiar fingerprints of each model and correlate them with its structural and/or electronic properties. Theoretical predictions were compared with the experimental data whenever they were available.
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26
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Sahoo S, Teixeira IF, Naik A, Heske J, Cruz D, Antonietti M, Savateev A, Kühne TD. Photocatalytic Water Splitting Reaction Catalyzed by Ion-Exchanged Salts of Potassium Poly(heptazine imide) 2D Materials. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:13749-13758. [PMID: 34239658 PMCID: PMC8256424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c03947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Potassium poly (heptazine imide) (K-PHI), a crystalline two-dimensional carbon-nitride material, is an active photocatalyst for water splitting. The potassium ions in K-PHI can be exchanged with other ions to change the properties of the material and eventually to design the catalysts. We report here the electronic structures of several ion-exchanged salts of K-PHI (K, H, Au, Ru, and Mg) and their feasibility as water splitting photocatalysts, which were determined by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The DFT results are complemented by experiments where the performances in the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) were recorded. We show that due to its narrow band gap, Ru-PHI is not a suitable photocatalyst. The water oxidation potentials are straddled between the band edge potentials of H-PHI, Au-PHI, and Mg-PHI; thus, these are active photocatalysts for both the oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions, whereas K-PHI is active only for the HER. The experimental data show that these are active HER photocatalysts, in agreement with the DFT results. Furthermore, Mg-PHI has shown remarkable performance in the HER, with a rate of 539 μmol/(h·g) and a quantum efficiency of 7.14% at 410 nm light irradiation, which could be due to activation of the water molecule upon adsorption, as predicted by our DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir
K. Sahoo
- Dynamics
of Condensed Mater and Center for Sustainable System Design, Chair
of Theoretical Chemistry, University of
Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Ivo F. Teixeira
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, Federal University of São
Carlo, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Aakash Naik
- Dynamics
of Condensed Mater and Center for Sustainable System Design, Chair
of Theoretical Chemistry, University of
Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Julian Heske
- Dynamics
of Condensed Mater and Center for Sustainable System Design, Chair
of Theoretical Chemistry, University of
Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Daniel Cruz
- Fritz-Haber-Institut
der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Department
of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute
for Chemical Energy Conversion, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Aleksandr Savateev
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Thomas D. Kühne
- Dynamics
of Condensed Mater and Center for Sustainable System Design, Chair
of Theoretical Chemistry, University of
Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
- Paderborn
Center for Parallel Computing and Institute for Lightweight Design, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
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27
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Ren Y, Han Q, Zhao Y, Wen H, Jiang Z. The exploration of metal-free catalyst g-C 3N 4 for NO degradation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124153. [PMID: 33059253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We propose a new metal-free scheme of the reaction between the molecules CO and NO on a g-C3N4 monolayer. We first investigate the electronic properties of the related molecules CO, NO, N2, and CO2 adsorbed g-C3N4 systems, and then figure out the possible reaction pathways. It is shown that all the molecules will be physisorbed above the triangular cavity. Also, we find the NO binding on g-C3N4 is stronger than CO. The NO dissociation will be the rate-determining step of the reaction, and the formation of NCO· intermediate will play a critical role for the reaction process. This research presents a new route of applying g-C3N4 as a catalyst in the NO catalytic degradation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Ren
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex System, Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Process Pollution Control, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qingzhen Han
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex System, Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Process Pollution Control, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Yuehong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex System, Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Process Pollution Control, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hao Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex System, Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Process Pollution Control, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhaotan Jiang
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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28
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Jakhar M, Kumar A. Tunable photocatalytic water splitting and solar-to-hydrogen efficiency in β-PdSe 2 monolayer. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00953b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Direct production of hydrogen from photocatalytic water splitting is a potential solution to overcome global energy crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Jakhar
- Department of Physics, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Physics, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
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29
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Zhu B, Zhang L, Cheng B, Yu Y, Yu J. H2O molecule adsorption on s-triazine-based g-C3N4. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(20)63598-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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30
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Edler von Zander R, Saalfrank P. On the Borate-Catalyzed Electrochemical Reduction of Phosphine Oxide: A Computational Study. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:10239-10245. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c07805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Edler von Zander
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Potsdam, Golm D-14476, Germany
| | - Peter Saalfrank
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Potsdam, Golm D-14476, Germany
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31
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Kishore MRA, Varunaa R, Bayani A, Larsson K. Theoretical investigation on [Formula: see text] monolayer for an efficient bifunctional water splitting catalyst. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21411. [PMID: 33293563 PMCID: PMC7722721 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77999-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for an active, stable, and abundant semiconductor-based bifunctional catalysts for solar hydrogen production will make a substantial impact on the sustainable development of the society that does not rely on fossil reserves. The photocatalytic water splitting mechanism on a [Formula: see text] monolayer has here been investigated by using state-of-the-art density functional theory calculations. For all possible reaction intermediates, the calculated changes in Gibbs free energy showed that the oxygen evolution reaction will occur at, and above, the potential of 2.06 V (against the NHE) as all elementary steps are exergonic. In the case of the hydrogen evolution reaction, a potential of 0.52 V, or above, was required to make the reaction take place spontaneously. Interestingly, the calculated valence band edge and conduction band edge positions for a [Formula: see text] monolayer are located at the potential of 2.60 V and 0.56 V, respectively. This indicates that the photo-generated holes in the valence band can oxidize water to oxygen, and the photo-generated electrons in the conduction band can spontaneously reduce water to hydrogen. Hence, the results from the present theoretical investigation show that the [Formula: see text] monolayer is an efficient bifunctional water-splitting catalyst, without the need for any co-catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. R. Ashwin Kishore
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R. Varunaa
- Department of Physics, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu 610101 India
| | - Amirhossein Bayani
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Larsson
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
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32
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Domcke W, Sobolewski AL, Schlenker CW. Photooxidation of water with heptazine-based molecular photocatalysts: Insights from spectroscopy and computational chemistry. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:100902. [PMID: 32933269 DOI: 10.1063/5.0019984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a conspectus of recent joint spectroscopic and computational studies that provided novel insight into the photochemistry of hydrogen-bonded complexes of the heptazine (Hz) chromophore with hydroxylic substrate molecules (water and phenol). It was found that a functionalized derivative of Hz, tri-anisole-heptazine (TAHz), can photooxidize water and phenol in a homogeneous photochemical reaction. This allows the exploration of the basic mechanisms of the proton-coupled electron-transfer (PCET) process involved in the water photooxidation reaction in well-defined complexes of chemically tunable molecular chromophores with chemically tunable substrate molecules. The unique properties of the excited electronic states of the Hz molecule and derivatives thereof are highlighted. The potential energy landscape relevant for the PCET reaction has been characterized by judicious computational studies. These data provided the basis for the demonstration of rational laser control of PCET reactions in TAHz-phenol complexes by pump-push-probe spectroscopy, which sheds light on the branching mechanisms occurring by the interaction of nonreactive locally excited states of the chromophore with reactive intermolecular charge-transfer states. Extrapolating from these results, we propose a general scenario that unravels the complex photoinduced water-splitting reaction into simple sequential light-driven one-electron redox reactions followed by simple dark radical-radical recombination reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Domcke
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | | | - Cody W Schlenker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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33
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Bafekry A, Nguyen CV, Goudarzi A, Ghergherehchi M, Shafieirad M. Investigation of strain and doping on the electronic properties of single layers of C 6N 6 and C 6N 8: a first principles study. RSC Adv 2020; 10:27743-27751. [PMID: 35516966 PMCID: PMC9055606 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04463f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, by performing first-principles calculations, we explore the effects of various atom impurities on the electronic and magnetic properties of single layers of C6N6 and C6N8. Our results indicate that atom doping may significantly modify the electronic properties. Surprisingly, doping Cr into a holey site of C6N6 monolayer was found to exhibit a narrow band gap of 125 meV upon compression strain, considering the spin-orbit coupling effect. Also, a C atom doped in C6N8 monolayer shows semi-metal nature under compression strains larger than -2%. Our results propose that Mg or Ca doped into strained C6N6 may exhibit small band gaps in the range of 10-30 meV. In addition, a magnetic-to-nonmagnetic phase transition can occur under large tensile strains in the Ca doped C6N8 monolayer. Our results highlight the electronic properties and magnetism of C6N6 and C6N8 monolayers. Our results show that the electronic properties can be effectively modified by atom doping and mechanical strain, thereby offering new possibilities to tailor the electronic and magnetic properties of C6N6 and C6N8 carbon nitride monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asadollah Bafekry
- Department of Physics, University of Guilan 41335-1914 Rasht Iran
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171 B-2020 Antwerp Belgium
| | - Chuong V Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University Da Nang 550000 Vietnam
| | - Abbas Goudarzi
- Department of Physics, University of North Texas Denton Texas USA
| | - Mitra Ghergherehchi
- College of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Korea
| | - Mohsen Shafieirad
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kashan Kashan Iran
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34
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Senturk AE, Oktem AS, Konukman AES. Thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of graphene-like BC2, BC3 and B4C3. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2020.1786085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Emin Senturk
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Maltepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Sinan Oktem
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Alp Er S. Konukman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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35
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Halogen modified two-dimensional covalent triazine frameworks as visible-light driven photocatalysts for overall water splitting. Sci China Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9766-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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36
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Qi S, Fan Y, Wang J, Song X, Li W, Zhao M. Metal-free highly efficient photocatalysts for overall water splitting: C 3N 5 multilayers. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:306-315. [PMID: 31825061 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08416a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As a promising means of renewable energy storage, the production of molecular hydrogen and oxygen from photocatalytic water splitting has gained increasing interest. The optimal photocatalyst for water splitting should have high solar energy conversion efficiency and strong photocatalytic redox ability to drive the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, few photocatalysts have been reported to fulfil these two contradictive requirements. Here, we demonstrated from first-principles calculations that the recently synthesized two-dimensional carbon nitride (C3N5) multilayers can serve as promising candidates to reach this goal. The intrinsic electric field which is more pronounced in the multilayers alters the band alignment of the photocatalysts, making the HER and OER be driven solely by the photogenerated carriers. The thickness-dependent electronic band gap (2.95-2.16 eV) along with the high carrier mobility broadens the energy range of light absorption and promotes carrier separation and transfer, leading to high solar energy conversion efficiency. Our computational results offer not only low-cost, Earth-abundant and environmentally friendly photocatalysts but also a promising strategy for the design of photocatalysts for highly efficient overall water splitting without using sacrificial reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyun Qi
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Yingcai Fan
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Junru Wang
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaohan Song
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Weifeng Li
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Mingwen Zhao
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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37
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Bafekry A, Stampfl C, Akgenc B, Mortazavi B, Ghergherehchi M, Nguyen CV. Embedding of atoms into the nanopore sites of the C6N6 and C6N8 porous carbon nitride monolayers with tunable electronic properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:6418-6433. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00093k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Using first-principles calculations, we study the effect of embedding various atoms into the nanopore sites of both C6N6 and C6N8 monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asadollah Bafekry
- Department of Physics
- University of Guilan
- Rasht
- Iran
- Department of Physics
| | | | - Berna Akgenc
- Department of Physics
- Kirklareli University
- Kirklareli
- Turkey
| | - Bohayra Mortazavi
- Institute of Continuum Mechanics
- Leibniz Universität Hannover
- 30157 Hannover
- Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering-Innovation Across Disciplines)
| | - Mitra Ghergherehchi
- College of Electronic and Electrical Engineering
- Sungkyun Kwan University
- Suwon
- Korea
| | - Ch. V. Nguyen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Le Quy Don Technical University
- Hanoi
- Vietnam
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38
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Bafekry A, Stampfl C, Farjami Shayesteh S. A First‐Principles Study of C
3
N Nanostructures: Control and Engineering of the Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Nanosheets, Tubes and Ribbons. Chemphyschem 2019; 21:164-174. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asadollah Bafekry
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of Guilan 41335-1914 Rasht Iran
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171 B-2020 Antwerp Belgium
| | - Catherine Stampfl
- School of PhysicsThe University of Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
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39
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Sobahi TR, Amin MS. Upgrading the photocatalytic achievement of g-C3N4 nanosheets along decoration with Ag@TiO2 nanospheres for the preparation of vitamin B3. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-019-00960-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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40
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Ullah N, Chen S, Zhao Y, Zhang R. Photoinduced Water-Heptazine Electron-Driven Proton Transfer: Perspective for Water Splitting with g-C 3N 4. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:4310-4316. [PMID: 31310538 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Heptazine-assembled polymeric carbon nitride (CN) materials have fascinated the research community as a photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution while less attention has been devoted to the mechanistic features of the host materials. Using excited-state nonadiabatic dynamics simulations, the molecular-level picture of the decomposition of heptazine hydrogen bonded to water molecule(s) (heptazine-water complex) into heptazinyl and hydroxyl biradical products is revealed. Dynamics simulations show that hydrogen detachment from the water molecule to the heptazine occurs within tens of femtoseconds and suggest that excited-state deactivation via N-H······O-H electron-driven proton transfer (EDPT) is the dominant and most relevant excited-state deactivation process in heptazine-water complexes leading to conical intersection. The observation of photorelaxation-induced water splitting by heptazine is proof of the water-splitting reaction principle, which presents further challenges for computational and experimental investigations of the deactivation of heptazinyl and OH biradical products for efficient hydrogen evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Ullah
- Department of Physics , City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Shunwei Chen
- Department of Physics , City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Physics , City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
- Shenzhen Research Institute , City University of Hong Kong , Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Ruiqin Zhang
- Department of Physics , City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center , Beijing 100193 , China
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41
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Dai J, Song J, Qiu Y, Wei J, Hong Z, Li L, Yang H. Gold Nanoparticle-Decorated g-C 3N 4 Nanosheets for Controlled Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species upon 670 nm Laser Illumination. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:10589-10596. [PMID: 30816032 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b01307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Conventional photosensitizer-based photodynamic therapy is triggered by UV-light irradiation and depends on oxygen. However, it is hard to be applied to the deep and hypoxic tumor. To address this issue, we reported a new kind of g-C3N4 nanosheet decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which could generate a high amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under a 670 nm laser irradiation in an oxygen-free environment. This synthesized semiconductor-metal heterojunction served as a superior photodynamic agent, showing prominent cancer cell-killing and tumor growth-suppressing effects in the presence of a 670 nm light and g-C3N4-AuNP composites, and its excellent ROS generation property was also validated by further bactericidal experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayong Dai
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 211166 , P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350116 , P. R. China
| | - Jibin Song
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350116 , P. R. China
| | - Yuan Qiu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350116 , P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350116 , P. R. China
| | - Zhongzhu Hong
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350116 , P. R. China
| | - Lei Li
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 211166 , P. R. China
| | - Huanghao Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350116 , P. R. China
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42
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Garg P, Bhauriyal P, Mahata A, Rawat KS, Pathak B. Role of Dimensionality for Photocatalytic Water Splitting: CdS Nanotube versus Bulk Structure. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:383-391. [PMID: 30485628 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201801051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Using state-of-the-art density functional theoretical calculations, we have modelled a facetted CdS nanotube (NT) catalyst for photocatalytic water splitting. The overall photocatalytic activity of the CdS photocatalyst has been predicted based on the electronic structures, band edge alignment, and overpotential calculations. For comparisons, we have also investigated the water splitting process over bulk CdS. The band edge alignment along with the oxygen evolution reaction/hydrogen evolution reaction (OER/HER) mechanism studies help us find out the effective overpotential for the overall water splitting on these surfaces. Our study shows that the CdS NT has a highly stabilized valence band edge compared to that of bulk CdS owing to strong p-d mixing. The highly stabilized valence band edge is important for the hole-transfer process and reduces the risk of electron-hole recombination. CdS nanotube requires less overpotential for water oxidation reaction than the bulk CdS. Our findings suggest that the efficiency of the water oxidation/reduction process further improves in CdS as we reduce its dimensionality, that is going from bulk CdS to one-dimensional nanotube. Furthermore, the stabilized valence band edge of CdS nanotube also improves the photostability of CdS, which is a problem for bulk CdS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Garg
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore, Indore. M.P., 453552, India
| | - Preeti Bhauriyal
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore, Indore. M.P., 453552, India
| | - Arup Mahata
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore, Indore. M.P., 453552, India
| | - Kuber Singh Rawat
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore, Indore. M.P., 453552, India
| | - Biswarup Pathak
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore, Indore. M.P., 453552, India.,Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore, Indore. M.P., 453552, India
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43
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Ismael M, Wu Y, Taffa DH, Bottke P, Wark M. Graphitic carbon nitride synthesized by simple pyrolysis: role of precursor in photocatalytic hydrogen production. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00859d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
g-C3N4 with structural defects and low polymerization synthesized by urea as the precursor for photocatalytic H2 production under visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ismael
- Institute of Chemistry
- Technical Chemistry
- Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg
- 26129 Oldenburg
- Germany
| | - Ying Wu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Zhejiang Normal University
- Jinhua 321004
- China
| | - Dereje H. Taffa
- Institute of Chemistry
- Technical Chemistry
- Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg
- 26129 Oldenburg
- Germany
| | - Patrick Bottke
- Institute of Chemistry
- Technical Chemistry
- Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg
- 26129 Oldenburg
- Germany
| | - Michael Wark
- Institute of Chemistry
- Technical Chemistry
- Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg
- 26129 Oldenburg
- Germany
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44
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Sunasee S, Leong KH, Wong KT, Lee G, Pichiah S, Nah I, Jeon BH, Yoon Y, Jang M. Sonophotocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A and its intermediates with graphitic carbon nitride. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:1082-1093. [PMID: 28290089 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8729-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Since bisphenol A (BPA) exhibits endocrine disrupting action and high toxicity in aqueous system, there are high demands to remove it completely. In this study, the BPA removal by sonophotocatalysis coupled with nano-structured graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4, GCN) was conducted with various batch tests using energy-based advanced oxidation process (AOP) based on ultrasound (US) and visible light (Vis-L). Results of batch tests indicated that GCN-based sonophotocatalysis (Vis-L/US) had higher rate constants than other AOPs and especially two times higher degradation rate than TiO2-based Vis-L/US. This result infers that GCN is effective in the catalytic activity in Vis-L/US since its surface can be activated by Vis-L to transport electrons from valence band (VB) for utilizing holes (h+VB) in the removal of BPA. In addition, US irradiation exfoliated the GCN effectively. The formation of BPA intermediates was investigated in detail by using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS). The possible degradation pathway of BPA was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmini Sunasee
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kah Hon Leong
- Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, 31900, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Kien Tiek Wong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Gooyong Lee
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Saravanan Pichiah
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, -826004, India
| | - InWook Nah
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeomin Yoon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Min Jang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea.
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45
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Vibrationally resolved absorption and fluorescence spectra of perylene and N-substituted derivatives from autocorrelation function approaches. Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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46
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Wang L, Zhang Y, Chen L, Xu H, Xiong Y. 2D Polymers as Emerging Materials for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1801955. [PMID: 30033628 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Converting solar energy into storable and transportable chemical fuels using artificial photosynthetic systems can provide an alternative route to the current unsustainable use of fossil fuels, addressing the worldwide energy crisis and environmental issues. Recently, semiconducting polymers have emerged as a very promising class of photocatalysts for water splitting as their electronic and structural properties can be conveniently controlled and systematically designed at a molecular level. Among the various polymer photocatalysts that are reported so far, 2D polymer nanosheets are particularly interesting and gaining more attention. The 2D planar structure offers unique features such as high surface area, abundant surface active sites, efficient charge separation, and facile formation of heterostructures. The design and synthesis of 2D polymer nanosheets have greatly advanced the research in photocatalytic overall water splitting. Here, recent advances in developing photocatalysts based on 2D polymer nanosheets for photocatalytic overall water splitting are highlighted. Specifically, the existing approaches to tune their electronic structures and surface active sites for photocatalysis are discussed. Future opportunities and challenges for developing 2D polymers for photocatalytic overall water splitting are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Liang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Hangxun Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yujie Xiong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
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47
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Barrio J, Shalom M. Rational Design of Carbon Nitride Materials by Supramolecular Preorganization of Monomers. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Barrio
- Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva 8410501 Israel
| | - Menny Shalom
- Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva 8410501 Israel
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48
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Domcke W, Ehrmaier J, Sobolewski AL. Solar Energy Harvesting with Carbon Nitrides and N-Heterocyclic Frameworks: Do We Understand the Mechanism? CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201800144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Domcke
- Department of Chemistry; Technical University of Munich; 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Johannes Ehrmaier
- Department of Chemistry; Technical University of Munich; 85747 Garching Germany
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49
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Solid state route for synthesis of YFeO3/g-C3N4 composites and its visible light activity for degradation of organic pollutants. Catal Today 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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50
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Qiao M, Liu J, Wang Y, Li Y, Chen Z. PdSeO3 Monolayer: Promising Inorganic 2D Photocatalyst for Direct Overall Water Splitting Without Using Sacrificial Reagents and Cocatalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:12256-12262. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b07855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Man Qiao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhongfang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR 00931, United States
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