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Wang LH, Azam M, Yan XH, Tai XS. Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Hirschfeld Surface Analysis of a New Cu(II) Complex and Its Role in Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction. Molecules 2024; 29:1957. [PMID: 38731448 PMCID: PMC11085493 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A new Cu(II) complex, [CuL1L2(CH3COO)2(H2O)]·H2O, was synthesized by the reaction of Cu(CH3COO)2·H2O, 6-phenylpyridine-2-carboxylic acid (HL1), and 4-[5-(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]pyridine (L2) in ethanol-water (v:v = 1:1) solution. The Cu(II) complex was characterized using elemental analysis, IR, UV-vis, TG-DTA, and single-crystal X-ray analysis. The fluorescence properties of the copper complex were also evaluated. The structural analysis results show that the Cu(II) complex crystallizes in the triclinic system with space group P-1. The Cu(II) ion in the complex is five-coordinated with one O atom (O2) and one N atom (N1) from one 6-phenylpyridine-2-carboxylate ligand (L1), one N atom (N2) from 4-[5-(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]pyridine ligand (L2), one O atom (O4) from acetate, and one O atom (O5) from a coordinated water molecule, and it adopts a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry. Cu(II) complex molecules form a two-dimensional layer structure through intramolecular and intermolecular O-H…O hydrogen bonding. The two-dimensional layer structures further form a three-dimensional network structure by π-π stacking interactions of aromatic rings. The analysis of the Hirschfeld surface of the Cu(II) complex shows that the H…H contacts made the most significant contribution (46.6%) to the Hirschfeld surface, followed by O…H/H…O, N…H/H…N and C…H/H…C contacts with contributions of 14.2%, 13.8%, and 10.2%, respectively. In addition, the photocatalytic CO2 reduction using Cu(II) complex as a catalyst is investigated under UV-vis light irradiation. The findings reveal that the main product is CO, with a yield of 10.34 μmol/g and a selectivity of 89.4% after three hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Wang
- College of Biology and Oceanography, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, China
| | - Mohammad Azam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xi-Hai Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, China
| | - Xi-Shi Tai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, China
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2
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Xiao JD, Li R, Jiang HL. Metal-Organic Framework-Based Photocatalysis for Solar Fuel Production. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201258. [PMID: 36456462 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) represent a novel class of crystalline inorganic-organic hybrid materials with tunable semiconducting behavior. MOFs have potential for application in photocatalysis to produce sustainable solar fuels, owing to their unique structural advantages (such as clarity and modifiability) that can facilitate a deeper understanding of the structure-activity relationship in photocatalysis. This review takes the photocatalytic active sites as a particular perspective, summarizing the progress of MOF-based photocatalysis for solar fuel production; mainly including three categories of solar-chemical conversions, photocatalytic water splitting to hydrogen fuel, photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction to hydrocarbon fuels, and photocatalytic nitrogen fixation to high-energy fuel carriers such as ammonia. This review focuses on the types of active sites in MOF-based photocatalysts and discusses their enhanced activity based on the well-defined structure of MOFs, offering deep insights into MOF-based photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Ding Xiao
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui Graphene Materials Research Center, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Long Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
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3
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Fedyaeva OA, Poshelyuzhnaya EG. Photocatalytic Reduction of Water by Particles of Cadmium Sulfide in a Solution of Sodium Sulfite. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024422090096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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4
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Horikoshi S, Takahashi L, Sueishi K, Tanizawa H, Serpone N. Microwave-driven hydrogen production (MDHP) from water and activated carbons (ACs). Application to wastewaters and seawater. RSC Adv 2021; 11:31590-31600. [PMID: 35496829 PMCID: PMC9041528 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05977g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reports on low-temperature steam reforming and water–gas shift processes to generate hydrogen efficiently when water is passed through microwave-heated activated carbon (AC) particulates, in contrast to conventional steam reforming that is not particularly efficient at temperatures around 600 °C. The microwave-driven method performed efficiently at this temperature producing hydrogen with yields of 70% or more, as a result of the microscopic local microwave heating of the AC particulates. To the extent that the activated carbon is produced from plant biomass-related raw materials, the carbon dioxide produced is carbon neutral. Conditions for hydrogen generation were optimized with regard to the size of the AC particles, the water flow rate, and the size of the reactor. For practical applications of this microwave-based method, hydrogen was also generated efficiently with yields of 75–80% when using spent activated carbons (large size distribution) and model contaminated wastewaters and artificial seawater; significant energy was saved under the conditions used. The re-use of spent ACs eliminates the need for their disposal after being used in water and sewage treatments. In addition, the presence of any organic matter in wastewaters is also a likely effective source of hydrogen (yields, 75–85%). And not least, although generation of hydrogen from seawater is a difficult electrolytic process, the microwave method proved to be an attractive and efficient technology toward hydrogen generation from seawater with yields of 85 to 90%. Addition of Pt deposits on the activated carbon support, however, provided no advantages over pristine AC particulates. We report on the low-temperature steam reforming and water–gas shift processes to generate H2 efficiently from water passed through MW-heated activated carbon (AC) particles, contrary to the inefficient conventional steam reforming at T ≈ 600 °C.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Horikoshi
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyodaku Tokyo 102-8554 Japan
| | - Leo Takahashi
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyodaku Tokyo 102-8554 Japan
| | - Kirara Sueishi
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyodaku Tokyo 102-8554 Japan
| | - Honoka Tanizawa
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyodaku Tokyo 102-8554 Japan
| | - Nick Serpone
- PhotoGreen Laboratory, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia Via Taramelli 12 Pavia 27100 Italy
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Shukla K, Agarwalla S, Duraiswamy S, Gupta RK. Recent advances in heterogeneous micro-photoreactors for wastewater treatment application. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.116511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Méndez-Galván M, Alcántar-Vázquez B, Diaz G, Ibarra IA, Lara-García HA. Metal halide perovskites as an emergent catalyst for CO 2 photoreduction: a minireview. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00039j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The present minireview summarizes recent advances in the application of metal halide perovskite for CO2 photoreduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brenda Alcántar-Vázquez
- Instituto de Ingeniería
- Coordinación de Ingeniería Ambiental
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Ciudad de México
- Mexico
| | - Gabriela Diaz
- Instituto de Física
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Ciudad de México
- Mexico
| | - Ilich A. Ibarra
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica y Reactividad de Superficies (LaFReS)
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Ciudad de México
- Mexico
| | - Hugo A. Lara-García
- Instituto de Física
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Ciudad de México
- Mexico
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7
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Azam M, Kumar U, Olowoyo JO, Al-Resayes SI, Trzesowska-Kruszynska A, Kruszynski R, Islam MS, Khan MR, Adil SF, Siddiqui MR, Al-Harthi FA, Alinzi AK, Wabaidur SM, Siddiqui MR, Shaik MR, Jain SL, Farkhondehfal MA, Hernàndez S. Dinuclear uranium(VI) salen coordination compound: an efficient visible-light-active catalyst for selective reduction of CO 2 to methanol. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:17243-17251. [PMID: 33200158 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02620d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new dinuclear uranyl salen coordination compound, [(UO2)2(L)2]·2MeCN [L = 6,6'-((1E,1'E)-((2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diyl)bis(azaneylylidene))-bis(methaneylylidene))bis(2-methoxyphenol)], was synthesized using a multifunctional salen ligand to harvest visible light for the selective photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to MeOH. The assembling of the two U centers into one coordination moiety via a chelating-bridging doubly deprotonated tetradentate ligand allowed the formation of U centers with distorted pentagonal bipyramid geometry. Such construction of compounds leads to excellent activity for the photocatalytic reduction of CO2, permitting a production rate of 1.29 mmol g-1 h-1 of MeOH with an apparent quantum yield of 18%. Triethanolamine (TEOA) was used as a sacrificial electron donor to carry out the photocatalytic reduction of CO2. The selective methanol formation was purely a photocatalytic phenomenon and confirmed using isotopically labeled 13CO2 and product analysis by 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The spectroscopic studies also confirmed the interaction of CO2 with the molecule of the title complex. The results of these efforts made it possible to understand the reaction mechanism using ESI-mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Azam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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8
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Investigation of reaction condition effects on photocatalytic methane production over P25‐TiO
2
/Pt with CO
2
and H
2
O gas. Applied and mechanistic implications. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Zhang X, Yuan Z, Chen J, Yang G, Dionysiou DD, Huang B, Jiang Z. Enhanced CO2 photoconversion activity of TiO2 via double effect of CoPi as hole traps and high CO2 capture. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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10
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Two decades of Ezio Pelizzetti’s achievements and contributions to photocatalysis – A personal recollection. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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11
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Can the photocatalyst TiO2 be incorporated into a wastewater treatment method? Background and prospects. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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12
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Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production: Role of Sacrificial Reagents on the Activity of Oxide, Carbon, and Sulfide Catalysts. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9030276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Photocatalytic water splitting is a sustainable technology for the production of clean fuel in terms of hydrogen (H2). In the present study, hydrogen (H2) production efficiency of three promising photocatalysts (titania (TiO2-P25), graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), and cadmium sulfide (CdS)) was evaluated in detail using various sacrificial agents. The effect of most commonly used sacrificial agents in the recent years, such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, lactic acid, glucose, sodium sulfide, sodium sulfite, sodium sulfide/sodium sulfite mixture, and triethanolamine, were evaluated on TiO2-P25, g-C3N4, and CdS. H2 production experiments were carried out under simulated solar light irradiation in an immersion type photo-reactor. All the experiments were performed without any noble metal co-catalyst. Moreover, photolysis experiments were executed to study the H2 generation in the absence of a catalyst. The results were discussed specifically in terms of chemical reactions, pH of the reaction medium, hydroxyl groups, alpha hydrogen, and carbon chain length of sacrificial agents. The results revealed that glucose and glycerol are the most suitable sacrificial agents for an oxide photocatalyst. Triethanolamine is the ideal sacrificial agent for carbon and sulfide photocatalyst. A remarkable amount of H2 was produced from the photolysis of sodium sulfide and sodium sulfide/sodium sulfite mixture without any photocatalyst. The findings of this study would be highly beneficial for the selection of sacrificial agents for a particular photocatalyst.
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Folli A, Bloh JZ, Armstrong K, Richards E, Murphy DM, Lu L, Kiely CJ, Morgan DJ, Smith RI, Mclaughlin AC, Macphee DE. Improving the Selectivity of Photocatalytic NOx Abatement through Improved O2 Reduction Pathways Using Ti0.909W0.091O2Nx Semiconductor Nanoparticles: From Characterization to Photocatalytic Performance. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Folli
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Z. Bloh
- DECHEMA Research Institute, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, Frankfurt am Main 60468, Germany
| | - Katherine Armstrong
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Richards
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Damien M. Murphy
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Whitaker Laboratory, 5 East Packer Ave, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Christopher J. Kiely
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Whitaker Laboratory, 5 East Packer Ave, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - David J. Morgan
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Ronald I. Smith
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Abbie C. Mclaughlin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Building, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, United Kingdom
| | - Donald E. Macphee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Building, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, United Kingdom
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14
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López-Martínez SD, Juárez-Ramírez I, Torres-Martínez LM, Babar P, Lokhande A, Kim JH. SnS-AuPd thin films for hydrogen production under solar light simulation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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16
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Change of band-gap position of MTiO2 particle doped with 3d-transition metal and control of product selectivity on carbon dioxide photoreduction. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-017-0286-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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17
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Khazi MI, Jeong W, Kim JM. Functional Materials and Systems for Rewritable Paper. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1705310. [PMID: 29359827 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201705310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
"Paper" has greatly contributed to the development and spread of civilization. Even in today's "digitalized" world, paper continues to play a key role in socioeconomic growth, as is evidenced by the growth in global paper consumption. Unfortunately, the use of paper has its cost in terms of the exhaustion of world's natural resources. Consequently, new, cost-effective technologies that preserve natural resources are required for this purpose. Functional materials have revolutionized the way people think about developing new technologies. Especially important in this regard are "smart reactive materials," which are capable of actively responding to external stimuli such as heat, light, mechanical stress, and specific molecular orientations. Moreover, functionalized chromogenic materials, which undergo reversible color switching upon external stimulation, have attracted great attention in the context of developing rewritable paper. Here, investigations of various materials and systems that are devised for use as rewritable paper are reviewed with the hope that the coverage will stimulate and guide future studies in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Iqbal Khazi
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, South Korea
| | - Woomin Jeong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, South Korea
| | - Jong-Man Kim
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, South Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, South Korea
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18
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Photo-induced reduction of Cr6+ by the hybrid systems “CuII complex with Schiff base and TiO2”: dependence on irradiation wavelength. Russ Chem Bull 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-017-1981-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Yang XL, Ye XJ, Liu CS, Yan XH. Monolayer CS as a metal-free photocatalyst with high carrier mobility and tunable band structure: a first-principles study. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:065701. [PMID: 29292700 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aaa48f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Producing hydrogen fuel using suitable photocatalysts from water splitting is a feasible method to harvest solar energy. A desired photocatalyst is expected to have suitable band gap, moderate band edge position, and high carrier mobility. By employing first-principles calculations, we explore a α-CS monolayer as a metal-free efficient photocatalyst. The α-CS monolayer shows good energetic, dynamic, and thermal stabilities and is insoluble in water, suggesting its experimental practicability. Monolayer and bilayer α-CS present not only appropriate band gaps for visible and ultraviolet light absorption but also moderate band alignments with water redox potentials in pH neutral water. Remarkably, the α-CS monolayer exhibits high (up to 8453.19 cm2 V-1s-1 for hole) and anisotropic carrier mobility, which is favorable to the migration and separation of photogenerated carriers. In addition, monolayer α-CS experiences an interesting semiconductor-metal transition by applying uniaxial strain and external electric field. Moreover, α-CS under certain strain and electric field is still dynamically stable with the absence of imaginary frequencies. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the graphite (0 0 1) surface is a potential substrate for the α-CS growth with the intrinsic properties of α-CS maintaining. Therefore, our results could pave the way for the application of α-CS as a promising photocatalyst.
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Fresno F, Jana P, Reñones P, Coronado JM, Serrano DP, de la Peña O'Shea VA. CO2 reduction over NaNbO3 and NaTaO3 perovskite photocatalysts. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2017; 16:17-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c6pp00235h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Both NaNbO3 and NaTaO3 exhibit interesting intrinsic photocatalytic activities for CO2 reduction in terms of conversion and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Fresno
- Photoactivated Processes Unit
- IMDEA Energy Institute
- Móstoles Technology Park
- 28935 Móstoles
- Spain
| | - P. Jana
- Thermochemical Processes Unit
- IMDEA Energy Institute
- Móstoles Technology Park
- 28935 Móstoles
- Spain
| | - P. Reñones
- Photoactivated Processes Unit
- IMDEA Energy Institute
- Móstoles Technology Park
- 28935 Móstoles
- Spain
| | - J. M. Coronado
- Thermochemical Processes Unit
- IMDEA Energy Institute
- Móstoles Technology Park
- 28935 Móstoles
- Spain
| | - D. P. Serrano
- Thermochemical Processes Unit
- IMDEA Energy Institute
- Móstoles Technology Park
- 28935 Móstoles
- Spain
| | - V. A. de la Peña O'Shea
- Photoactivated Processes Unit
- IMDEA Energy Institute
- Móstoles Technology Park
- 28935 Móstoles
- Spain
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22
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Ryabchuk VK, Kuznetsov VN, Emeline AV, Artem'ev YM, Kataeva GV, Horikoshi S, Serpone N. Water Will Be the Coal of the Future-The Untamed Dream of Jules Verne for a Solar Fuel. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21121638. [PMID: 27916848 PMCID: PMC6272904 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21121638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This article evokes the futuristic visions of two giants, one a writer, Jules Verne, who foresaw water as the coal of the future, and the other a scientist, Giacomo Ciamician, who foresaw the utilization of solar energy as an energy source with which to drive photochemical and photocatalytic reactions for the betterment of mankind. Specifically, we examine briefly the early work of the 1960s and 1970s on the photosplitting of free water and water adsorbed on solid supports, based mostly on metal oxides, from which both hydrogen and oxygen evolve in the expected stoichiometric ratio of 2 to 1. The two oil crises of the 1970s (1973 and 1979) spurred the interest of researchers from various disciplines (photochemistry, photo-catalysis and photoelectrochemistry) in search of a Holy Grail photocatalyst, process, or strategy to achieve efficient water splitting so as to provide an energy source alternative to fossil fuels. Some approaches to the photosplitting of water adsorbed on solid insulators (high bandgap materials; Ebg ≥ 5 eV) and semiconductor photocatalysts (metal oxides) are described from which we deduce that metal oxides with bandgap energies around 5 eV (e.g., ZrO₂) are more promising materials to achieve significant water splitting on the basis of quantum yields than narrower bandgap photocatalysts (e.g., TiO₂; Ebg ≈ 3.0-3.2 eV), which tend to be relatively inactive by comparison. Although proof of concept of the photosplitting of water has been demonstrated repeatedly in the last four decades, much remains to be done to find the Holy Grail photocatalyst and/or strategy to achieve significant yields of hydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir K Ryabchuk
- Faculty of Physics, Saint-Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya Str. 1, Petergof, Saint-Petersburg 198504, Russia.
| | - Vyacheslav N Kuznetsov
- Faculty of Physics, Saint-Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya Str. 1, Petergof, Saint-Petersburg 198504, Russia.
| | - Alexei V Emeline
- Faculty of Physics, Saint-Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya Str. 1, Petergof, Saint-Petersburg 198504, Russia.
- Laboratory of Photoactive Nanocomposite Materials, Saint-Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya Str. 1, Petergof, Saint-Petersburg 198504, Russia.
| | - Yurii M Artem'ev
- Laboratory of Photoactive Nanocomposite Materials, Saint-Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya Str. 1, Petergof, Saint-Petersburg 198504, Russia.
| | - Galina V Kataeva
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe highway, 31, Moscow 115409, Russia.
| | - Satoshi Horikoshi
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyodaku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan.
| | - Nick Serpone
- PhotoGreen Laboratory, Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy.
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Zhou L, Wang L, Zhang J, Lei J, Liu Y. Well-Dispersed Fe2O3Nanoparticles on g-C3N4for Efficient and Stable Photo-Fenton Photocatalysis under Visible-Light Irradiation. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Key Lab for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Key Lab for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Juying Lei
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yongdi Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai P. R. China
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25
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Reñones P, Moya A, Fresno F, Collado L, Vilatela JJ, de la Peña O’Shea VA. Hierarchical TiO 2 nanofibres as photocatalyst for CO 2 reduction: Influence of morphology and phase composition on catalytic activity. J CO2 UTIL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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26
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Chen BR, Nguyen VH, Wu JCS, Martin R, Kočí K. Production of renewable fuels by the photohydrogenation of CO2: effect of the Cu species loaded onto TiO2 photocatalysts. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:4942-51. [PMID: 26807649 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp06999h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The efficient gas phase photocatalytic hydrogenation of CO2 into a desirable renewable fuel was achieved using a Cu-loaded TiO2 photocatalyst system. Enhancing the amount of Ti(3+) relative to Ti(4+) in a Cu-loaded TiO2 photocatalyst provided an excellent opportunity to promote the photohydrogenation of CO2. The coexistence of Cu and Cu(+) species during the photoreaction was shown to efficiently enhance the photocatalytic activity by prolonging the lifetime of the electrons. To achieve the best photoactivity, the Cu species must be maintained at an appropriately low concentration (≤1 wt%). The highest CH4 yield obtained was 28.72 μmol g(-1). This approach opens a feasible route not only to store hydrogen by converting it into a desirable renewable fuel, but also to reduce the amount of the greenhouse gas CO2 in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ren Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Van-Huy Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Jeffrey C S Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Reli Martin
- Institute of Environmental Technology, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava-Poruba 708 33, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Kočí
- Institute of Environmental Technology, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava-Poruba 708 33, Czech Republic
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27
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Nanoscale Engineering in the Development of Photoelectrocatalytic Cells for Producing Solar Fuels. Top Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-016-0547-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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28
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Ampelli C, Genovese C, Marepally BC, Papanikolaou G, Perathoner S, Centi G. Electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 to produce solar fuels in electrolyte or electrolyte-less configurations of PEC cells. Faraday Discuss 2016; 183:125-45. [PMID: 26392133 DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00069f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 is studied on a series of electrodes (based on Cu, Co, Fe and Pt metal nanoparticles deposited on carbon nanotubes or carbon black and then placed at the interface between a Nafion membrane and a gas-diffusion-layer electrode) on two types of cells: one operating in the presence of a liquid bulk electrolyte and the other in the absence of the electrolyte (electrolyte-less conditions). The results evidence how the latter conditions allow productivity of about one order of magnitude higher and how to change the type of products formed. Under electrolyte-less conditions, the formation of >C2 products such as acetone and isopropanol is observed, but not in liquid-phase cell operations on the same electrodes. The relative order of productivity in CO2 electrocatalytic reduction in the series of electrodes investigated is also different between the two types of cells. The implications of these results in terms of possible differences in the reaction mechanism are commented on, as well as in terms of the design of photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ampelli
- Dept. DIECII, Section Industrial Chemistry, University of Messina, CASPE/INSTM and ERIC aisbl, V.le F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - C Genovese
- Dept. DIECII, Section Industrial Chemistry, University of Messina, CASPE/INSTM and ERIC aisbl, V.le F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - B C Marepally
- Dept. DIECII, Section Industrial Chemistry, University of Messina, CASPE/INSTM and ERIC aisbl, V.le F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - G Papanikolaou
- Dept. DIECII, Section Industrial Chemistry, University of Messina, CASPE/INSTM and ERIC aisbl, V.le F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - S Perathoner
- Dept. DIECII, Section Industrial Chemistry, University of Messina, CASPE/INSTM and ERIC aisbl, V.le F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - G Centi
- Dept. DIECII, Section Industrial Chemistry, University of Messina, CASPE/INSTM and ERIC aisbl, V.le F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
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29
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An investigation of the optical properties and water splitting potential of the coloured metallic perovskites Sr1−Ba MoO3. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Ampelli C, Centi G, Passalacqua R, Perathoner S. Electrolyte-less design of PEC cells for solar fuels: Prospects and open issues in the development of cells and related catalytic electrodes. Catal Today 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2015.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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31
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Wu J, Lu H, Zhang X, Raziq F, Qu Y, Jing L. Enhanced charge separation of rutile TiO2 nanorods by trapping holes and transferring electrons for efficient cocatalyst-free photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to fuels. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:5027-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc00772d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Modification with anions and coupling with CNTs could promote the charge separation of rutile so as to improve the cocatalyst-free photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Heilongjiang University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology
- Harbin 150080
| | - Hongwei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Heilongjiang University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology
- Harbin 150080
| | - Xuliang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Heilongjiang University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology
- Harbin 150080
| | - Fazal Raziq
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Heilongjiang University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology
- Harbin 150080
| | - Yang Qu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Heilongjiang University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology
- Harbin 150080
| | - Liqiang Jing
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Heilongjiang University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology
- Harbin 150080
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32
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Ng CH, Ohlin CA, Qiu S, Sun C, Winther-Jensen B. Mechanistic studies of the photo-electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction on poly(2,2′-bithiophene). Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cy01852h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The realisation of poly(2,2′-bithiophene) (PBTh) as an effective photo-electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction is a novel discovery [Ng et al., Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 2014, 39, 18230]; however, the underlying mechanism for this catalysis remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Hin Ng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Monash University
- Clayton
- Australia
| | | | - Siyao Qiu
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University
- Clayton
- Australia
| | - Chenghua Sun
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University
- Clayton
- Australia
| | - Bjorn Winther-Jensen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Monash University
- Clayton
- Australia
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33
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Armaroli N, Balzani V. Solar Electricity and Solar Fuels: Status and Perspectives in the Context of the Energy Transition. Chemistry 2015; 22:32-57. [PMID: 26584653 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables is already ongoing, but it will be a long and difficult process because the energy system is a gigantic and complex machine. Key renewable energy production data show the remarkable growth of solar electricity technologies and indicate that crystalline silicon photovoltaics (PV) and wind turbines are the workhorses of the first wave of renewable energy deployment on the TW scale around the globe. The other PV alternatives (e.g., copper/indium/gallium/selenide (CIGS) or CdTe), along with other less mature options, are critically analyzed. As far as fuels are concerned, the situation is significantly more complex because making chemicals with sunshine is far more complicated than generating electric current. The prime solar artificial fuel is molecular hydrogen, which is characterized by an excellent combination of chemical and physical properties. The routes to make it from solar energy (photoelectrochemical cells (PEC), dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (DSPEC), PV electrolyzers) and then synthetic liquid fuels are presented, with discussion on economic aspects. The interconversion between electricity and hydrogen, two energy carriers directly produced by sunlight, will be a key tool to distribute renewable energies with the highest flexibility. The discussion takes into account two concepts that are often overlooked: the energy return on investment (EROI) and the limited availability of natural resources-particularly minerals-which are needed to manufacture energy converters and storage devices on a multi-TW scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Armaroli
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna (Italy), Fax: (+39) 051-6399844.
| | - Vincenzo Balzani
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna (Italy), Fax: (+39) 051-2099456.
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34
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Balzani V, Bergamini G, Ceroni P. Licht: außergewöhnlicher Reaktionspartner und außergewöhnliches Produkt. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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35
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Abate S, Lanzafame P, Perathoner S, Centi G. New Sustainable Model of Biorefineries: Biofactories and Challenges of Integrating Bio- and Solar Refineries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:2854-2866. [PMID: 26289620 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The new scenario for sustainable (low-carbon) chemical and energy production drives the development of new biorefinery concepts (indicated as biofactories) with chemical production at the core, but flexible and small-scale production. An important element is also the integration of solar energy and CO2 use within biobased production. This concept paper, after shortly introducing the motivation and recent trends in this area, particularly at the industrial scale, and some of the possible models (olefin and intermediate/high-added-value chemicals production), discusses the opportunities and needs for research to address the challenge of integrating bio- and solar refineries. Aspects discussed regard the use of microalgae and CO2 valorization in biorefineries/biofactories by chemo- or biocatalysis, including possibilities for their synergetic cooperation and symbiosis, as well as integration within the agroenergy value chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Abate
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Industrial Chemistry and Engineering (DIECII), Section Industrial Chemistry, University of Messina, ERIC aisbl and CASPE/INSTM, V.le F. Stagno D'Alcontras 31, 98166 Messina (Italy)
| | - Paola Lanzafame
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Industrial Chemistry and Engineering (DIECII), Section Industrial Chemistry, University of Messina, ERIC aisbl and CASPE/INSTM, V.le F. Stagno D'Alcontras 31, 98166 Messina (Italy)
| | - Siglinda Perathoner
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Industrial Chemistry and Engineering (DIECII), Section Industrial Chemistry, University of Messina, ERIC aisbl and CASPE/INSTM, V.le F. Stagno D'Alcontras 31, 98166 Messina (Italy). ,
| | - Gabriele Centi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Industrial Chemistry and Engineering (DIECII), Section Industrial Chemistry, University of Messina, ERIC aisbl and CASPE/INSTM, V.le F. Stagno D'Alcontras 31, 98166 Messina (Italy)
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36
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Wang WH, Himeda Y, Muckerman JT, Manbeck GF, Fujita E. CO2 Hydrogenation to Formate and Methanol as an Alternative to Photo- and Electrochemical CO2 Reduction. Chem Rev 2015; 115:12936-73. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1023] [Impact Index Per Article: 113.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Hui Wang
- School
of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Yuichiro Himeda
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5-1, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
- JST, ACT-C, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - James T. Muckerman
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Gerald F. Manbeck
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Etsuko Fujita
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
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37
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Balzani V, Bergamini G, Ceroni P. Light: A Very Peculiar Reactant and Product. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:11320-37. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Balzani
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Università di Bologna via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna (Italy)
| | - Giacomo Bergamini
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Università di Bologna via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna (Italy)
| | - Paola Ceroni
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Università di Bologna via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna (Italy)
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38
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Bourgeteau T, Tondelier D, Geffroy B, Brisse R, Cornut R, Artero V, Jousselme B. Enhancing the Performances of P3HT:PCBM-MoS3-Based H2-Evolving Photocathodes with Interfacial Layers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:16395-16403. [PMID: 26151685 PMCID: PMC4548795 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b03532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors have great potential for producing hydrogen in a durable and economically viable manner because they rely on readily available materials and can be solution-processed over large areas. With the objective of building efficient hybrid organic-inorganic photoelectrochemical cells, we combined a noble-metal-free and solution-processable catalyst for proton reduction, MoS3, and a poly(3-hexylthiophene):phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) bulk heterojunction (BHJ). Different interfacial layers were investigated to improve the charge transfer between P3HT:PCBM and MoS3. Metallic Al/Ti interfacial layers led to an increase of the photocurrent by up to 8 mA cm(-2) at reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) potential with a 0.6 V anodic shift of the H2 evolution reaction onset potential, a value close to the open-circuit potential of the P3HT:PCBM solar cell. A 50-nm-thick C60 layer also works as an interfacial layer, with a current density reaching 1 mA cm(-2) at the RHE potential. Moreover, two recently highlighted1 figures-of-merit, measuring the ratio of power saved, Φsaved,ideal and Φsaved,NPAC, were evaluated and discussed to compare the performances of various photocathodes assessed in a three-electrode configuration. Φsaved,ideal and Φsaved,NPAC use the RHE and a nonphotoactive electrode with an identical catalyst as the dark electrode, respectively. They provide different information especially for differentiation of the roles of the photogenerating layer and catalyst. The best results were obtained with the Al/Ti metallic interlayer, with Φsaved,ideal and Φsaved,NPAC reaching 0.64% and 2.05%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine Bourgeteau
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE/UMR3685, Laboratory of Innovation in Surface Chemistry and Nanosciences (LICSEN), Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex F-91191, France
| | - Denis Tondelier
- Laboratoire de Physique des Interfaces et Couches Minces (LPICM), CNRS UMR 7647, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, F-91128, France
| | - Bernard Geffroy
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE/UMR3685, Laboratory of Innovation in Surface Chemistry and Nanosciences (LICSEN), Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex F-91191, France
- Laboratoire de Physique des Interfaces et Couches Minces (LPICM), CNRS UMR 7647, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, F-91128, France
| | - Romain Brisse
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE/UMR3685, Laboratory of Innovation in Surface Chemistry and Nanosciences (LICSEN), Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex F-91191, France
| | - Renaud Cornut
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE/UMR3685, Laboratory of Innovation in Surface Chemistry and Nanosciences (LICSEN), Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex F-91191, France
| | - Vincent Artero
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA Life Science Division, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Bruno Jousselme
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE/UMR3685, Laboratory of Innovation in Surface Chemistry and Nanosciences (LICSEN), Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex F-91191, France
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39
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Crespo-Otero R, Walsh A. Variation in Surface Ionization Potentials of Pristine and Hydrated BiVO4. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:2379-83. [PMID: 26191376 PMCID: PMC4500643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) is a promising material for photoelectrochemical water splitting and photocatalytic degradation of organic moieties. We evaluate the ionization potentials of the (010) surface termination of BiVO4 using first-principles simulations. The electron removal energy of the pristine termination (7.2 eV) validates recent experimental reports. The effect of water absorption on the ionization potentials is considered using static models as well as structures obtained from molecular dynamics simulations. Owing to the large molecular dipole of H2O, adsorption stabilizes the valence band edge (downward band bending), thereby increasing the ionization potentials. These results provide new understanding to the role of polar layers on complex oxide semiconductors, with importance for the design of efficient photoelectrodes for water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Crespo-Otero
- School
of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen
Mary University, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Aron Walsh
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
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40
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Sun H, Mowbray DJ, Migani A, Zhao J, Petek H, Rubio A. Comparing Quasiparticle H2O Level Alignment on Anatase and Rutile TiO2. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Sun
- Nano-Bio
Spectroscopy Group and ETSF Scientific Development Center, Departamento
de Física de Materiales, Centro de Física de Materiales
CSIC-UPV/EHU-MPC and DIPC, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Duncan J. Mowbray
- Nano-Bio
Spectroscopy Group and ETSF Scientific Development Center, Departamento
de Física de Materiales, Centro de Física de Materiales
CSIC-UPV/EHU-MPC and DIPC, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Annapaola Migani
- ICN2−Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia, ICN2 Building, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- CSIC−Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, ICN2 Building, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | | | - Hrvoje Petek
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Angel Rubio
- Nano-Bio
Spectroscopy Group and ETSF Scientific Development Center, Departamento
de Física de Materiales, Centro de Física de Materiales
CSIC-UPV/EHU-MPC and DIPC, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
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41
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Highfield J. Advances and recent trends in heterogeneous photo(electro)-catalysis for solar fuels and chemicals. Molecules 2015; 20:6739-93. [PMID: 25884553 PMCID: PMC6272640 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20046739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In the context of a future renewable energy system based on hydrogen storage as energy-dense liquid alcohols co-synthesized from recycled CO2, this article reviews advances in photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis that exploit solar (photonic) primary energy in relevant endergonic processes, viz., H2 generation by water splitting, bio-oxygenate photoreforming, and artificial photosynthesis (CO2 reduction). Attainment of the efficiency (>10%) mandated for viable techno-economics (USD 2.00-4.00 per kg H2) and implementation on a global scale hinges on the development of photo(electro)catalysts and co-catalysts composed of earth-abundant elements offering visible-light-driven charge separation and surface redox chemistry in high quantum yield, while retaining the chemical and photo-stability typical of titanium dioxide, a ubiquitous oxide semiconductor and performance "benchmark". The dye-sensitized TiO2 solar cell and multi-junction Si are key "voltage-biasing" components in hybrid photovoltaic/photoelectrochemical (PV/PEC) devices that currently lead the field in performance. Prospects and limitations of visible-absorbing particulates, e.g., nanotextured crystalline α-Fe2O3, g-C3N4, and TiO2 sensitized by C/N-based dopants, multilayer composites, and plasmonic metals, are also considered. An interesting trend in water splitting is towards hydrogen peroxide as a solar fuel and value-added green reagent. Fundamental and technical hurdles impeding the advance towards pre-commercial solar fuels demonstration units are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Highfield
- Heterogeneous Catalysis, Institute of Chemical & Engineering Sciences (ICES, A * Star), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, 627833, Singapore.
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42
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Ozin GA. Throwing new light on the reduction of CO2. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:1957-63. [PMID: 25656300 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201500116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
While the chemical energy in fossil fuels has enabled the rapid rise of modern civilization, their utilization and accompanying anthropogenic CO2 emissions is occurring at a rate that is outpacing nature's carbon cycle. Its effect is now considered to be irreversible and this could lead to the demise of human society. This is a complex issue without a single solution, yet from the burgeoning global research activity and development in the field of CO2 capture and utilization, there is light at the end of the tunnel. In this article a couple of recent advances are illuminated. Attention is focused on the discovery of gas-phase, light-assisted heterogeneous catalytic materials and processes for CO2 photoreduction that operate at sufficiently high rates and conversion efficiencies, and under mild conditions, to open a new pathway for an energy transition from today's "fossil fuel economy" to a new and sustainable "CO2 economy". Whichever of the competing CO2 capture and utilization approaches proves to be the best way forward for the development of a future CO2-based solar fuels economy, hopefully this can occur in a period short enough to circumvent the predicted adverse consequences of greenhouse gas climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey A Ozin
- Solar Fuels Research Group, Center for Inorganic and Polymeric Nanomaterials Chemistry Department, 80 St. George Street, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
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Energy and molecules from photochemical/photocatalytic reactions. An overview. Molecules 2015; 20:1527-42. [PMID: 25603499 PMCID: PMC6272209 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20011527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Photocatalytic reactions have been defined as those processes that require both a (not consumed) catalyst and light. A previous definition was whether such reactions brought a system towards or away from the (thermal) equilibrium. This consideration brings in the question whether a part of the photon energy is incorporated into the photochemical reaction products. Data are provided for representative organic reactions involving or not molecular catalysts and show that energy storage occurs only when a heavily strained structure is generated, and in that case only a minor part of photon energy is actually stored (ΔG up to 25 kcal·mol−1). The green role of photochemistry/photocatalysis is rather that of forming highly reactive intermediates under mild conditions.
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Murali A, Gurusamy-Thangavelu SA, Jaisankar SN, Mandal AB. Enhancement of the physicochemical properties of polyurethane–perovskite nanocomposites via addition of nickel titanate nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17922j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Perovskite is integrated by in situ addition with polyurethane (PU) to form unprecedented nanocomposite films (~1.5 mm). Trace amount of NiTiO3 NPs (0.5 wt%) has been added to enhance the physicochemical, electrical, optical and magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhigan Murali
- Polymer Division
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI)
- Chennai-600 020
- India
| | - Senthil A. Gurusamy-Thangavelu
- Polymer Division
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI)
- Chennai-600 020
- India
| | - Sellamuthu N. Jaisankar
- Polymer Division
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI)
- Chennai-600 020
- India
| | - Asit Baran Mandal
- Polymer Division
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI)
- Chennai-600 020
- India
- Chemical Laboratory
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Zhu Y, Ling Q, Liu Y, Wang H, Zhu Y. Photocatalytic H2 evolution on MoS2-TiO2 catalysts synthesized via mechanochemistry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 17:933-40. [PMID: 25406580 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04628e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
At present, composite photocatalysts containing MoS2 as a co-catalyst and a subjective semiconductor material are usually obtained via various complex reduction methods using NH4MoS4 or Na2MoO4 as a precursor. In this work, a simple method was proposed to synthesize MoS2-TiO2 composite photocatalysts via mechanochemistry using MoS2 as a direct precursor. 4.0% MoS2-TiO2 after ball-milling at 300 rpm for 2 h possessed the maximum photocatalytic activity for H2 evolution. The rate of H2 evolution was up to 150.7 μmol h(-1), which was 48.6 times higher than that of pure TiO2. The MoS2-TiO2 composite possesses stable photocatalytic performance for H2 evolution. Photoelectrochemical measurements confirmed the electronic interaction between TiO2 and MoS2. The photo-generated electrons on the conduction band of TiO2 could easily transfer to the MoS2 co-catalyst, which promoted efficient charge separation and improved the photocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
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