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Muzata TS, L JP, Bose S. Nanoparticles influence miscibility in LCST polymer blends: from fundamental perspective to current applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:20167-20188. [PMID: 32966418 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01814g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymer blending is an effective method that can be used to fabricate new versatile materials with enhanced properties. The blending of two polymers can result in either a miscible or an immiscible polymer blend system. This present review provides an in-depth summary of the miscibility of LCST polymer blend systems, an area that has garnered much attention in the past few years. The initial discourse of the present review mainly focuses on process-induced changes in the miscibility of polymer blend systems, and how the preparation of polymer blends affects their final properties. This review further highlights how nanoparticles induce miscibility and describes the various methods that can be implemented to avoid nanoparticle aggregation. The concepts and different state-of-the-art experimental methods which can be used to determine miscibility in polymer blends are also highlighted. Lastly, the importance of studying miscible polymer blends is extensively explored by looking at their importance in barrier materials, EMI shielding, corrosion protection, light-emitting diodes, gas separation, and lithium battery applications. The primary goal of this review is to cover the journey from the fundamental aspects of miscible polymer blends to their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanyaradzwa S Muzata
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Jagadeshvaran P L
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Suryasarathi Bose
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
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Muzata TS, P L J, Kar GP, Bose S. Phase miscibility and dynamic heterogeneity in PMMA/SAN blends through solvent free reactive grafting of SAN on graphene oxide. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:19470-19485. [PMID: 29998240 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02716a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The spatial distribution of nanoparticles in a particular host polymer matrix can be improved by using brush coated nanoparticles. In this work we have grafted styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) onto the surface of graphene oxide (GO) and investigated as to how the demixing temperature, morphology and volume cooperativity of PMMA/SAN blends are influenced. Grafting of polymer chains on the surface of nanoparticles usually involves the use of large amounts of solvents, many which are detrimental to the environment besides involving cumbersome processes. SAN-g-GO was prepared by a robust solvent-free strategy wherein the cyano group in SAN was replaced by oxazoline groups during melt mixing in the presence of zinc acetate and ethanol amine. These newly created oxazoline groups reacted with the COOH group of GO under melt extrusion resulting in grafting of SAN on the surface of GO sheets. The effect of SAN-g-GO nanoparticles on the demixing, local segmental motions and morphology evolution for different annealing times was carefully investigated in a classical LCST system, PMMA/SAN blend, using melt rheology, modulated DSC and AFM, respectively. The changes in viscoelastic behavior in the vicinity of demixing are investigated systematically for the control, and blends with GO and SAN-g-GO. Various models were used to gain insight into the spinodal decomposition temperatures of the blends. Interestingly, the demixing temperature determined rheologically and the spinodal decomposition temperature increased significantly in the presence of polymer grafted nanoparticles in comparison to the control and blends with GO. The evolution of the morphology, interfacial driven coarsening as a function of temperature and the localization of nanoparticles were assessed using atomic force microscopy. The cooperatively re-arranging regions estimated from calorimetric measurements begin to suggest enhanced dynamic heterogeneity in the presence of GO and SAN-g-GO in the blends. Taken together, our study reveals that the solvent-free approach of grafting SAN onto GO delays demixing, suppresses coalescence and alters cooperative relaxation in PMMA/SAN blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanyaradzwa S Muzata
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
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Wang H, Yang X, Fu Z, Zhao X, Li Y, Li J. Rheology of Nanosilica-Compatibilized Immiscible Polymer Blends: Formation of a “Heterogeneous Network” Facilitated by Interfacially Anchored Hybrid Nanosilica. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hengti Wang
- College
of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 16 Xuelin Rd., Hangzhou, 310036, P. R. China
- CAS
Center for Excellent on TMRS Energy System, Shanghai Institute of
Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xin Yang
- College
of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 16 Xuelin Rd., Hangzhou, 310036, P. R. China
| | - Zhiang Fu
- College
of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 16 Xuelin Rd., Hangzhou, 310036, P. R. China
| | - Xuewen Zhao
- College
of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 16 Xuelin Rd., Hangzhou, 310036, P. R. China
| | - Yongjin Li
- College
of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 16 Xuelin Rd., Hangzhou, 310036, P. R. China
| | - Jingye Li
- CAS
Center for Excellent on TMRS Energy System, Shanghai Institute of
Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Hasanabadi N, Nazockdast H, Gajewska B, Balog S, Gunkel I, Bruns N, Lattuada M. Structural Behavior of Cylindrical Polystyrene-block
-Poly(ethylene-butylene)-block
-Polystyrene (SEBS) Triblock Copolymer Containing MWCNTs: On the Influence of Nanoparticle Surface Modification. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Hasanabadi
- Department of Polymer Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology; 15875-4413 Tehran Iran
| | - Hossein Nazockdast
- Department of Polymer Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology; 15875-4413 Tehran Iran
| | - Bernadetta Gajewska
- Adolphe Merkle Institute; University of Fribourg; Chemin des Verdiers 4 CH-1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Sandor Balog
- Adolphe Merkle Institute; University of Fribourg; Chemin des Verdiers 4 CH-1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Ilja Gunkel
- Adolphe Merkle Institute; University of Fribourg; Chemin des Verdiers 4 CH-1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Nico Bruns
- Adolphe Merkle Institute; University of Fribourg; Chemin des Verdiers 4 CH-1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Marco Lattuada
- Department of Chemistry; University of Fribourg; Chemin du Musée 9 CH-1700 Fribourg Switzerland
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Khoubi-Arani Z, Mohammadi N. Heterogeneity Assisted Damping Enhancement of Low and High Frequency Mechanical Waves in a Soft Polymer Nanocomposite. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khoubi-Arani
- Nano and Smart Polymers Center
of Excellence, Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
- Loghman Fundamental/Technological Research Group, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Mohammadi
- Nano and Smart Polymers Center
of Excellence, Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
- Loghman Fundamental/Technological Research Group, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
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Krystosiak P, Tomaszewski W, Megiel E. High-density polystyrene-grafted silver nanoparticles and their use in the preparation of nanocomposites with antibacterial properties. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 498:9-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Sanjari Shahrezaei MA, Goharpey F, Khademzadeh Yeganeh J. Effect of selective localization of cellulose nanowhiskers on viscoelastic phase separation. POLYM ENG SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Goharpey
- Department of Polymer Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
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Kar GP, Biswas S, Bose S. X-ray micro computed tomography, segmental relaxation and crystallization kinetics in interfacial stabilized co-continuous immiscible PVDF/ABS blends. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Xavier P, Rao P, Bose S. Nanoparticle induced miscibility in LCST polymer blends: critically assessing the enthalpic and entropic effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:47-64. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05852j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of polymer blends widened the possibility of creating materials with multilayered architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Xavier
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012
- India
| | - Praveen Rao
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012
- India
| | - Suryasarathi Bose
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012
- India
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Biswas S, Kar GP, Bose S. Tailor-Made Distribution of Nanoparticles in Blend Structure toward Outstanding Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:25448-63. [PMID: 26512416 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Engineering blend structure with tailor-made distribution of nanoparticles is the prime requisite to obtain materials with extraordinary properties. Herein, a unique strategy of distributing nanoparticles in different phases of a blend structure has resulted in >99% blocking of incoming electromagnetic (EM) radiation. This is accomplished by designing a ternary polymer blend structure using polycarbonate (PC), poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) to simultaneously improve the structural, electrical, and electromagnetic interference shielding (EMI). The blend structure was made conducting by preferentially localizing the multi-wall nanotubes (MWNTs) in the PVDF phase. By taking advantage of "π-π stacking" MWNTs was noncovalently modified with an imidazolium based ionic liquid (IL). Interestingly, the enhanced dispersion of IL-MWNTs in PVDF improved the electrical conductivity of the blends significantly. While one key requisite to attenuate EM radiation (i.e., electrical conductivity) was achieved using MWNTs, the magnetic properties of the blend structure was tuned by introducing barium ferrite (BaFe) nanoparticles, which can interact with the incoming EM radiation. By suitably modifying the surface of BaFe nanoparticles, we can tailor their localization under the macroscopic processing condition. The precise localization of BaFe nanoparticles in the PC phase, due to nucleophilic substitution reaction, and the MWNTs in the PVDF phase not only improved the conductivity but also facilitated in absorption of the incoming microwave radiation due to synergetic effect from MWNT and BaFe. The shielding effectiveness (SE) was measured in X and Ku band, and an enhanced SE of -37 dB was noted at 18 GHz frequency. PMMA, which acted as an interfacial modifier in PC/PVDF blends further, resulting in a significant enhancement in the mechanical properties besides retaining high SE. This study opens a new avenue in designing mechanically strong microwave absorbers with a suitable combination of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Biswas
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore, India 560012
| | - Goutam Prasanna Kar
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore, India 560012
| | - Suryasarathi Bose
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore, India 560012
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Sharma M, Madras G, Bose S. Unusual Fragility and Cooperativity in Glass-Forming and Crystalline PVDF/PMMA Blends in the Presence of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maya Sharma
- Center for Nano Science and Engineering, ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, and §Department of
Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Giridhar Madras
- Center for Nano Science and Engineering, ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, and §Department of
Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Suryasarathi Bose
- Center for Nano Science and Engineering, ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, and §Department of
Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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Biswas S, Kar GP, Arora D, Bose S. A unique strategy towards high dielectric constant and low loss with multiwall carbon nanotubes anchored onto graphene oxide sheets. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15885g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were anchored onto graphene oxide sheets (GOs) via diazonium and C–C coupling reactions and characterized by spectroscopic and electron microscopic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Biswas
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012
- India
| | - Goutam Prasanna Kar
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012
- India
| | - Deepshikha Arora
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012
- India
| | - Suryasarathi Bose
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012
- India
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Kar GP, Biswas S, Bose S. Simultaneous enhancement in mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, and electromagnetic shielding properties in PVDF–ABS blends containing PMMA wrapped multiwall carbon nanotubes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:14856-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01452b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A unique approach was adopted to drive the multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) to the interface of immiscible PVDF–ABS blends by wrapping the nanotubes with a mutually miscible homopolymer (PMMA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Prasanna Kar
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012
| | - Sourav Biswas
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012
| | - Suryasarathi Bose
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012
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