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Nanocurcumin and curcumin prevent N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide-induced liver damage and promotion of hepatic cancer cell growth. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8319. [PMID: 35585174 PMCID: PMC9117224 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12406-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acrylamide (AC) is an environmental contaminant with cancer-promoting and cytotoxic properties, while curcumin (Cur.) is a phytochemical with documented anticancer and cytoprotective efficacy. Nanoparticle formulations can increase the efficacy of phytochemicals, so we examined the anticancer and hepatoprotective efficacies of nanocurcumin (N.Cur). Curcumin and nanocurcumin reduced HepG2 and Huh-7 cancer cell viability and increased apoptosis in the presence and absence of AC, while AC alone promoted proliferation. Furthermore, the anticancer efficacy of nanocurcumin was greater than that of curcumin. In mice, AC greatly increased hepatic expression of CYP2E1, P53, cleaved caspase-3, and COL1A1 as well as serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities. These effects were reversed by nanocurcumin and curcumin. Nanocurcumin also reduced the histopathology and fibrosis caused by AC, and reversed AC-induced glycogen depletion. Nanoparticle formulation can increase the anticancer and hepatoprotective efficiencies of curcumin.
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Hemshekhar M, Anaparti V, El-Gabalawy H, Mookherjee N. A bioavailable form of curcumin, in combination with vitamin-D- and omega-3-enriched diet, modifies disease onset and outcomes in a murine model of collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2021; 23:39. [PMID: 33494792 PMCID: PMC7836561 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02423-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Curcumin (CUR), vitamin D3 (D3), and omega-3-fatty acids (O3FA) individually modulate inflammation and pain in arthritis. Although these supplements are widely used, their combinatorial effects have not been defined. In this study, we examined the effects of a D3 and O3FA (VO)-enriched diet in conjunction with a highly bioavailable form of CUR (Cureit/Acumin™) in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) murine model. METHODS Male DBA/1J mice were acclimatized to VO-enriched diet and challenged with bovine collagen II (CII). Bioavailable CUR was administered daily by oral gavage from the onset of CII challenge. Disease severity was determined by monitoring joint thickness and standardized clinical score. Cellular infiltration and cartilage degradation in the joints were assessed by histology, serum cytokines profiled by Meso Scale Discovery multiplex assay, and joint matrix metalloproteinases examined by western blots. RESULTS CUR by itself significantly decreased disease severity by ~ 60%. Administration of CUR in CIA mice taking a VO-enriched diet decreased disease severity by > 80% and maximally delayed disease onset and progression. Some of the disease-modifying effects was mediated by CUR alone, e.g., suppression of serum anti-collagen antibodies and decrease of cellular infiltration and MMP abundance in the joints of CIA mice. Although CUR alone suppressed inflammatory cytokines in serum of CIA mice, the combination of CUR and VO diet significantly enhanced the suppression (> 2-fold compared to CUR) of TNF, IFN-γ, and MCP-1, all known to be associated with RA pathogenesis. CONCLUSION This study provides proof-of-concept that the combination of bioavailable CUR, vitamin D3, and O3FA substantially delays the development and severity of CIA. These findings provide a rationale for systematically evaluating these widely available supplements in individuals at risk for developing future RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahadevappa Hemshekhar
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, 799 John Buhler Research Centre, 715 McDermot Ave, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Vidyanand Anaparti
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, 799 John Buhler Research Centre, 715 McDermot Ave, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Hani El-Gabalawy
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, 799 John Buhler Research Centre, 715 McDermot Ave, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3E3P4, Canada
| | - Neeloffer Mookherjee
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, 799 John Buhler Research Centre, 715 McDermot Ave, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. .,Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3E3P4, Canada.
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3
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Damiano S, Andretta E, Longobardi C, Prisco F, Paciello O, Squillacioti C, Mirabella N, Florio S, Ciarcia R. Effects of Curcumin on the Renal Toxicity Induced by Ochratoxin A in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040332. [PMID: 32325727 PMCID: PMC7222377 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a powerful nephrotoxin and the severity of its damage to kidneys depends on both the dose and duration of exposure. According to the scientific data currently available, the mechanism of action still is not completely clarified, but it is supposed that oxidative stress is responsible for OTA-induced nephrotoxicity. Bioactive compound use has emerged as a potential approach to reduce chronic renal failure. Therefore, curcumin (CURC), due to its therapeutic effects, has been chosen for our study to reduce the toxic renal effects induced by OTA. CURC effects are examined in Sprague Dawley rats treated with CURC (100 mg/kg), alone or in combination with OTA (0.5 mg/kg), by gavage daily for 14 days. The end result of the experiment finds rats treated with OTA show alterations in biochemical and oxidative stress parameters in the kidney, related to a decrease in the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). Conversely, the administration of CURC attenuates oxidative stress and prevents glomerular hyperfiltration versus the OTA group. Furthermore, kidney histological tests show a reduction in glomerular and tubular damage, inflammation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. This study shows that CURC can mitigate OTA-induced oxidative damage in the kidneys of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Damiano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (E.A.); (F.P.); (O.P.); (C.S.); (N.M.); (S.F.); (R.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-2536127
| | - Emanuela Andretta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (E.A.); (F.P.); (O.P.); (C.S.); (N.M.); (S.F.); (R.C.)
| | - Consiglia Longobardi
- Department of Mental, Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” Naples, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, 1, 80138 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Francesco Prisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (E.A.); (F.P.); (O.P.); (C.S.); (N.M.); (S.F.); (R.C.)
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (E.A.); (F.P.); (O.P.); (C.S.); (N.M.); (S.F.); (R.C.)
| | - Caterina Squillacioti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (E.A.); (F.P.); (O.P.); (C.S.); (N.M.); (S.F.); (R.C.)
| | - Nicola Mirabella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (E.A.); (F.P.); (O.P.); (C.S.); (N.M.); (S.F.); (R.C.)
| | - Salvatore Florio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (E.A.); (F.P.); (O.P.); (C.S.); (N.M.); (S.F.); (R.C.)
| | - Roberto Ciarcia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (E.A.); (F.P.); (O.P.); (C.S.); (N.M.); (S.F.); (R.C.)
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Li ZG, Shui SF, Han XW, Yan L. NLRP10 ablation protects against ischemia/reperfusion-associated brain injury by suppression of neuroinflammation. Exp Cell Res 2020; 389:111912. [PMID: 32084391 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.111912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke leads to neuronal cell death and induces a cascade of inflammatory signals that results in secondary brain damage. Although constant efforts to develop therapeutic strategies and to reveal the molecular mechanism resulting in the physiopathology of this disease, much still remains unclear. Membrane-bound Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and cytosolic nucleotide binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are two major families of pattern recognition receptors that initiate pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. In the present study, we explored the role of NLRP10 in regulating inflammatory responses in acute ischemic stroke using the wild type (WT) and NLRP10 knockout (KO) mice by inducing middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO) injuries. The study first showed that NLRP10 was over-expressed in the ischemic penumbra of WT mice. Then, the brain infarct volume was significantly decreased, and the moving activity was improved post-MCAO in mice with NLRP10 knockout. Apoptosis was also alleviated by NLRP10-knockout, as evidenced by the decreased number of TUNEL-staining cells. Further, NLRP10 deficiency attenuated the activation of glia cells in hippocampus of mice with MCAO operation. NLRP10 inhibition ameliorated the levels of inflammatory factors in peripheral blood serum and hippocampus of mice after stroke. The activation of toll-like receptor (TLR)-4/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways was markedly suppressed by NLRP10 ablation in mice after MCAO treatment. Importantly, inflammasome, including NLRP12, ASC and Caspase-1, induced by MCAO in hippocampus of mice was clearly impeded by the loss of NLRP10. The results above were mainly verified in LPS-incubated astrocytes in the absence of NLRP10. Correspondingly, in LPS-treated astrocytes, NLRP10 knockout-reduced inflammation via impairing TLR-4/NF-κB and NLRP12/ASC/Caspase-1 pathways was evidently restored by over-expressing NLRP10. Therefore, the results above indicated an essential role of NLRP10 in regulating ischemic stroke, presenting NLRP10 as a promising target to protect human against stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Guo Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450052, China.
| | - Shao-Feng Shui
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450052, China
| | - Xin-Wei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450052, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450052, China
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5
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Ullah F, Asgarov R, Venigalla M, Liang H, Niedermayer G, Münch G, Gyengesi E. Effects of a solid lipid curcumin particle formulation on chronic activation of microglia and astroglia in the GFAP-IL6 mouse model. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2365. [PMID: 32047191 PMCID: PMC7012877 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58838-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic glial activation is characterized by increased numbers of activated glial cells, secreting free radicals and cytotoxic cytokines, subsequently causing neuronal damage. In order to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of Longvida® Optimised Curcumin (LC), we fed 500 ppm of LC to 2-month-old wild type and GFAP-IL6 mice for 6 months. LC feeding led to a significant reduction in the number of Iba-1+ microglia by 26% in the hippocampus and by 48% in the cerebellum, GFAP+ astrocytes by 30%, and TSPO+ cells by 24% in the hippocampus and by 31% in the cerebellum of the GFAP-IL6 mice. The morphology of the cells was assessed and LC significantly decreased the dendritic length of microglia and the convex area, convex perimeter, dendritic length, nodes and number of processes of astrocytes in the hippocampus while decreasing the soma area and perimeter in the cerebellum, in LC-fed GFAP-IL6 mice. In addition, LC feeding increased pre- and postsynaptic protein levels and improved balance measured by Rotarod. Together, these data suggest that LC is able to attenuate the inflammatory pathology and ameliorate neurodegeneration and motor deficits in GFAP-IL6 mice. For patients with neuro-inflammatory disorders, LC might potentially reverse the detrimental effects of chronic glial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faheem Ullah
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales, 2751, Australia
| | - Rustam Asgarov
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales, 2751, Australia
| | - Madhuri Venigalla
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales, 2751, Australia
| | - Huazheng Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales, 2751, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Garry Niedermayer
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales, 2751, Australia
| | - Gerald Münch
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales, 2751, Australia.,NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales, 2751, Australia
| | - Erika Gyengesi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales, 2751, Australia. .,NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales, 2751, Australia.
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6
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Concetta Scuto M, Mancuso C, Tomasello B, Laura Ontario M, Cavallaro A, Frasca F, Maiolino L, Trovato Salinaro A, Calabrese EJ, Calabrese V. Curcumin, Hormesis and the Nervous System. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2417. [PMID: 31658697 PMCID: PMC6835324 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a polyphenol compound extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa Linn (family Zingiberaceae) commonly used as a spice to color and flavor food. Several preclinical studies have suggested beneficial roles for curcumin as an adjuvant therapy in free radical-based diseases, mainly neurodegenerative disorders. Indeed, curcumin belongs to the family of hormetins and the enhancement of the cell stress response, mainly the heme oxygenase-1 system, is actually considered the common denominator for this dual response. However, evidence-based medicine has clearly demonstrated the lack of any therapeutic effect of curcumin to contrast the onset or progression of neurodegeneration and related diseases. Finally, the curcumin safety profile imposes a careful analysis of the risk/benefit balance prior to proposing chronic supplementation with curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Concetta Scuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Torre Biologica, Via Santa Sofia, 97-95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Cesare Mancuso
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy.
- Institute of Pharmacology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Roma, Italy.
| | - Barbara Tomasello
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Torre Biologica, Via Santa Sofia, 97-95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Maria Laura Ontario
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Torre Biologica, Via Santa Sofia, 97-95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Andrea Cavallaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Torre Biologica, Via Santa Sofia, 97-95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Francesco Frasca
- Department of Clinical and experimental Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Luigi Maiolino
- Department of Medical and Surgery Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Angela Trovato Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Torre Biologica, Via Santa Sofia, 97-95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Torre Biologica, Via Santa Sofia, 97-95125 Catania, Italy.
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7
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Abrahams S, Haylett WL, Johnson G, Carr JA, Bardien S. Antioxidant effects of curcumin in models of neurodegeneration, aging, oxidative and nitrosative stress: A review. Neuroscience 2019; 406:1-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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8
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9
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CR R, PS S, O M, PP S, A S. Nanochitosan enriched poly ε-caprolactone electrospun wound dressing membranes: A fine tuning of physicochemical properties, hemocompatibility and curcumin release profile. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 108:1261-1272. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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10
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Traditional Chinese medicinal herbs as potential AChE inhibitors for anti-Alzheimer’s disease: A review. Bioorg Chem 2017; 75:50-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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11
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Ozawa H, Imaizumi A, Sumi Y, Hashimoto T, Kanai M, Makino Y, Tsuda T, Takahashi N, Kakeya H. Curcumin β-D-Glucuronide Plays an Important Role to Keep High Levels of Free-Form Curcumin in the Blood. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 40:1515-1524. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Masashi Kanai
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto University Hospital Cancer Center
| | | | - Takanori Tsuda
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University
| | - Nobuaki Takahashi
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
| | - Hideaki Kakeya
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
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12
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Natural products against Alzheimer's disease: Pharmaco-therapeutics and biotechnological interventions. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 35:178-216. [PMID: 28043897 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severe, chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease associated with memory and cognition impairment ultimately leading to death. It is the commonest reason of dementia in elderly populations mostly affecting beyond the age of 65. The pathogenesis is indicated by accumulation of the amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) in brain tissues and hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in neurons. The main cause is considered to be the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to oxidative stress. The current treatment provides only symptomatic relief by offering temporary palliative therapy which declines the rate of cognitive impairment associated with AD. Inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is considered as one of the major therapeutic strategies offering only symptomatic relief and moderate disease-modifying effect. Other non-cholinergic therapeutic approaches include antioxidant and vitamin therapy, stem cell therapy, hormonal therapy, use of antihypertensive or lipid-lowering medications and selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, inhibition of β-secretase and γ-secretase and Aβ aggregation, inhibition of tau hyperphosphorylation and intracellular NFT, use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), transition metal chelators, insulin resistance drugs, etanercept, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) etc. Medicinal plants have been reported for possible anti-AD activity in a number of preclinical and clinical trials. Ethnobotany, being popular in China and in the Far East and possibly less emphasized in Europe, plays a substantial role in the discovery of anti-AD agents from botanicals. Chinese Material Medica (CMM) involving Chinese medicinal plants has been used traditionally in China in the treatment of AD. Ayurveda has already provided numerous lead compounds in drug discovery and many of these are also undergoing clinical investigations. A number of medicinal plants either in their crude forms or as isolated compounds have exhibited to reduce the pathological features associated with AD. In this present review, an attempt has been made to elucidate the molecular mode of action of various plant extracts, phytochemicals and traditional herbal formulations investigated against AD as reported in various preclinical and clinical tests. Herbal synergism often found in polyherbal formulations were found effective to combat disease heterogeneity as found in complex pathogenesis of AD. Finally a note has been added to describe biotechnological improvement, genetic and genomic resources and mathematical and statistical techniques for empirical model building associated with anti-AD plant secondary metabolites and their source botanicals.
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13
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Wang ZY, Liu JG, Li H, Yang HM. Pharmacological Effects of Active Components of Chinese Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: A Review. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2016; 44:1525-1541. [PMID: 27848250 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x16500853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder associated with dementia, not only severely decreases the quality of life for its victims, but also brings a heavy economic burden to the family and society. Unfortunately, few chemical drugs designed for clinical applications have reached the expected preventive or therapeutic effect so far, and combined with their significant side-effects, there is therefore an urgent need for new strategies to be developed for AD treatment. Traditional Chinese Medicine has accumulated many experiences in the treatment of dementia during thousands of years of practice; modern pharmacological studies have confirmed the therapeutic effects of many active components derived from Chinese herbal medicines (CHM). Ginsenoside Rg1, extracted from Radix Ginseng, exerts a [Formula: see text]-secretase inhibitor effect so as to decrease A[Formula: see text] aggregation. It can also inhibit the apoptosis of neuron cells. Tanshinone IIA, extracted from Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae, and baicalin, extracted from Radix Scutellariae[Formula: see text] can inhibit the oxidative stress injury in neuronal cells. Icariin, extracted from Epimedium brevicornum, can decrease A[Formula: see text] levels and the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, and can also inhibit oxidative stress and apoptosis. Huperzine A, extracted from Huperzia serrata, exerts a cholinesterase inhibitor effect. Evodiamine, extracted from Fructus Evodiae, and curcumin, extracted from Rhizoma Curcumae Longae, exert anti-inflammatory actions. Curcumin can act on A[Formula: see text] and tau too. Due to the advantages of multi-target effects and fewer side effects, Chinese medicine is more appropriate for long-term use. In this present review, the pharmacological effects of commonly used active components derived from Chinese herbal medicines in the treatment of AD are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Wang
- * Geriatric Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.,† Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Gang Liu
- * Geriatric Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hao Li
- * Geriatric Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Ming Yang
- ‡ Geriatric Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
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14
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Antidotal effects of curcumin against neurotoxic agents: An updated review. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2016; 9:947-953. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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15
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Khatri DK, Juvekar AR. Neuroprotective effect of curcumin as evinced by abrogation of rotenone-induced motor deficits, oxidative and mitochondrial dysfunctions in mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2016; 150-151:39-47. [PMID: 27619637 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound extracted from rhizomes of Curcuma longa (turmeric), a plant in the ginger family (Zingiberaceae) has been used worldwide and extensively in Southeast Asia. Curcumin exhibited numerous biological and pharmacological activities including potent antioxidant, cardiovascular disease, anticancer, anti-inflammatory effects and neurodegenerative disorders in cell cultures and animal models. Hence, the present study was designed in order to explore the possible neuroprotective role of curcumin against rotenone induced cognitive impairment, oxidative and mitochondrial dysfunction in mice. Chronic administration of rotenone (1mg/kg i.p.) for a period of three weeks significantly impaired cognitive function (actophotometer, rotarod and open field test), oxidative defense (increased lipid peroxidation, nitrite concentration and decreased activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and reduced glutathione level) and mitochondrial complex (II and III) enzymes activities as compared to normal control group. Three weeks of curcumin (50, 100 and 200mg/kg, p.o.) treatment significantly improved behavioral alterations, oxidative damage and mitochondrial enzyme complex activities as compared to negative control (rotenone treated) group. Curcumin treated mice also mitigated enhanced acetylcholine esterase enzyme level as compared to negative control group. We found that curcumin restored motor deficits and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes suggesting its antioxidant potential in vivo. The findings of the present study conclude neuroprotective role of curcumin against rotenone induced Parkinson's in mice and offer strong justification for the therapeutic prospective of this compound in the management of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra K Khatri
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory-I, Dept. of Pharm. Sci. & Tech, Institute of Chemical Technology, (University under Section 3 of UGC Act- 1956, Elite Status & Centre of Excellence -Govt. of Maharashtra, TEQIP Phase II Funded), India
| | - Archana R Juvekar
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory-I, Dept. of Pharm. Sci. & Tech, Institute of Chemical Technology, (University under Section 3 of UGC Act- 1956, Elite Status & Centre of Excellence -Govt. of Maharashtra, TEQIP Phase II Funded), India.
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Rangarajan P, Karthikeyan A, Dheen ST. Role of dietary phenols in mitigating microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. Neuromolecular Med 2016; 18:453-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s12017-016-8430-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Khatri DK, Juvekar AR. Kinetics of Inhibition of Monoamine Oxidase Using Curcumin and Ellagic Acid. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:S116-20. [PMID: 27279695 PMCID: PMC4883067 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.182168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Curcumin and ellagic are the natural polyphenols having a wide range of pharmacological actions. They have been reported to have their use in various neurological disorders. Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of curcumin and ellagic acid on the activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO), the enzyme responsible for metabolism of monoamine neurotransmitters which are pivotal for neuronal development and function. Materials and Methods: The in vitro effects of these selected polyphenols on MAO activities in mitochondria isolated from rat brains were examined. Brain mitochondria were assayed for MAO type-B (MAO-B) using benzylamine as substrates. Rat brain mitochondrial MAO preparation was used to study the kinetics of enzyme inhibition using double reciprocal Lineweaver–Burk plot. Results: MAO activity was inhibited by curcumin and ellagic acid; however, higher half maximal inhibitory concentrations of curcumin (500.46 nM) and ellagic acid (412.24 nM) were required compared to the known MAO-B inhibitor selegiline. It is observed that the curcumin and ellagic acid inhibit the MAO activity with both the competitive and noncompetitive type of inhibitions. Conclusions: Curcumin and ellagic acid can be considered a possible source of MAO inhibitor used in the treatment of Parkinson's and other neurological disorders. SUMMARY Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is involved in a variety of neurological disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD) Curcumin and ellagic acid inhibit the monoamine oxidase activity Ellagic acid revealed more potent MAO type-B (MAO-B) inhibitory activity than curcumin Kinetic studies of MAO inhibition using different concentrations of curcumin and ellagic acid were plotted as double reciprocal Lineweaver–Burk plot The mode of inhibition of both compounds toward MAO-B is mixed (competitive and uncompetitive) type of inhibition with both the competitive and noncompetitive type of inhibitions.
Abbreviations used: MAO: Monoamine oxidase, IC50: Higher half maximal inhibitory concentrations, PD: Parkinson's disease, LB: Lewy bodies, SNpc: Substantia nigra pars compacta, ROS: Reactive oxygen species, SG: Selegiline, DMC: demethoxycurcumin, BDMC: Bisdemethoxycurcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Pharmacology Research Lab-II, Institute of Chemical Technology, (University under Section 3 of UGC Act-1956, Elite Status and Centre of Excellence, Government of Maharashtra, TEQIP Phase II Funded), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Archana Ramesh Juvekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Pharmacology Research Lab-II, Institute of Chemical Technology, (University under Section 3 of UGC Act-1956, Elite Status and Centre of Excellence, Government of Maharashtra, TEQIP Phase II Funded), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Ganesan P, Ko HM, Kim IS, Choi DK. Recent trends in the development of nanophytobioactive compounds and delivery systems for their possible role in reducing oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease models. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:6757-72. [PMID: 26604750 PMCID: PMC4631432 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s93918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a very critical role in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), which is the second most common neurodegenerative disease among elderly people worldwide. Increasing evidence has suggested that phytobioactive compounds show enhanced benefits in cell and animal models of PD. Curcumin, resveratrol, ginsenosides, quercetin, and catechin are phyto-derived bioactive compounds with important roles in the prevention and treatment of PD. However, in vivo studies suggest that their concentrations are very low to cross blood-brain barrier thereby it limits bioavailability, stability, and dissolution at target sites in the brain. To overcome these problems, nanophytomedicine with the controlled size of 1-100 nm is used to maximize efficiency in the treatment of PD. Nanosizing of phytobioactive compounds enhances the permeability into the brain with maximized efficiency and stability. Several nanodelivery techniques, including solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, nanoliposomes, and nanoniosomes can be used for controlled delivery of nanobioactive compounds to brain. Nanocompounds, such as ginsenosides (19.9 nm) synthesized using a nanoemulsion technique, showed enhanced bioavailability in the rat brain. Here, we discuss the most recent trends and applications in PD, including 1) the role of phytobioactive compounds in reducing oxidative stress and their bioavailability; 2) the role of nanotechnology in reducing oxidative stress during PD; 3) nanodelivery systems; and 4) various nanophytobioactive compounds and their role in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palanivel Ganesan
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Myung Ko
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Su Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
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Dinić J, Ranđelović T, Stanković T, Dragoj M, Isaković A, Novaković M, Pešić M. Chemo-protective and regenerative effects of diarylheptanoids from the bark of black alder (Alnus glutinosa) in human normal keratinocytes. Fitoterapia 2015; 105:169-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Lonare M, Kumar M, Raut S, Badgujar P, Doltade S, Telang A. Evaluation of imidacloprid-induced neurotoxicity in male rats: A protective effect of curcumin. Neurochem Int 2014; 78:122-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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