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Li M, Zhao D, Meng J, Pan T, Li J, Guo J, Huang H, Wang N, Zhang D, Wang C, Yang G. Bacillus halotolerans attenuates inflammation induced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection in vivo and in vitro based on its metabolite soyasaponin I regulating the p105-Tpl2-ERK pathway. Food Funct 2024; 15:6743-6758. [PMID: 38836383 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01047g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Soyasaponins, recognized for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, have not yet been fully explored for their role in combating enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infections. Recent findings identified them in small-molecule metabolites of Bacillus, suggesting their broader biological relevance. This research screened 88 strains of B. halotolerans, identifying the strain BH M20221856 as significantly inhibitory against ETEC growth in vitro. It also reduced cellular damage and inflammatory response in IPEC-J2 cells. The antimicrobial activity of BH M20221856 was attributed to its small-molecule metabolites rather than secretory proteins. A total of 69 small molecules were identified from the metabolites of BH M20221856 using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Among these, soyasaponin I (SoSa I) represented the largest multiple change in the enrichment analysis of differential metabolites and exhibited potent anti-ETEC effects in vivo. It significantly reduced the bacterial load of E. coli in mouse intestines, decreased serum endotoxin, D-lactic acid, and oxidative stress levels and alleviated intestinal pathological damage and inflammation. SoSa I enhanced immune regulation by mediating the p105-Tpl2-ERK signaling pathway. Further evaluations using transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and cell permeability assays showed that SoSa I alleviated ETEC-induced damage to epithelial barrier function. These results suggest that BH M20221856 and SoSa I may serve as preventative biologics against ETEC infections, providing new insights for developing strategies to prevent and control this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | | | - Tianxu Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Junyi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jialin Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Haibin Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Guilian Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Yang K, Li H, Li L, Zhao Z, Hu J, Wei Y, Yang H, Li J. Metabolomics reveal metabolic variation caused by co-culture of Arthrobacter ureafaciens and Trichoderma harzianum and their impacts on wheat germination. Int Microbiol 2023; 26:723-739. [PMID: 36564574 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-022-00302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Arthrobacter ureafaciens DnL1-1 is a bacterium used for atrazine degradation, while Trichoderma harzianum LTR-2 is a widely used biocontrol fungus. In this study, a liquid co-cultivation of these two organisms was initially tested. The significant changes in the metabolome of fermentation liquors were investigated based on cultivation techniques (single-cultured and co-cultured DnL1-1 and LTR-2) using an UPLC-QTOF-MS in an untargeted metabolomic approach. Principle components analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) supervised modelling revealed modifications of the metabolic profiles in fermentation liquors as a function of interactions between different strains. Compared with pure-cultivation of DnL1-1, 51 compounds were altered during the cocultivation, with unique and significant differences in the abundance of organic nitrogen compounds (e.g. carnitine, acylcarnitine 4:0, acylcarnitine 5:0, 3-dehydroxycarnitine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine) and trans-zeatin riboside. Nevertheless, compared with pure-cultivation of LTR-2, the abundance of 157 compounds, including amino acids, soluble sugars, organic acids, indoles and derivatives, nucleosides, and others, changed significantly in the cocultivation. Among them, the concentration of tryptophan, which is a precursor to indoleacetic acid, indoleacetic acid, aspartic acid, and L-glutamic acid increased while that of most soluble sugars decreased upon cocultivation. The fermentation filtrates of co-cultivation of LTR-2 and DnL1-1 showed significant promoting effects on germination and radicle length of wheat. A subsequent experiment demonstrated synergistic effects of differential metabolites caused by co-cultivation of DnL1-1 and LTR-2 on wheat germination. Comprehensive metabolic profiling may provide valuable information on the effects of DnL1-1 and LTR-2 on wheat growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Ling Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Zhongjuan Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Jindong Hu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Yanli Wei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Hetong Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Jishun Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250013, China.
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Cui X, Ma X, Li C, Meng H, Han C. A review: structure-activity relationship between saponins and cellular immunity. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:2779-2793. [PMID: 36583783 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08233-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Saponins, which exhibit many different biological and pharmacological activities, are present in a wide range of plant species and in some marine organisms. Notably, the researchers have found that saponins can activate the immune system in mammals. The strength of this function is closely related to the chemical structure of saponins. The present study of the structure-activity relationship suggests that aglycones, glycochains on aglycones and special functional groups of saponins affect the immune activity of saponins. This paper reviews the effects of different saponins on cellular immunity. As well as the structure-activity relationship of saponins. It is hoped that the information integrated in this paper will provide readers with information on the effects of saponins on cellular immunity and promote the further study of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetao Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People's Republic of China
| | - Xumin Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhai Li
- Department of Radiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Hong Meng
- Department of Radiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Chunchao Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People's Republic of China.
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Jiang F, Liu Y, Xue Y, Cheng P, Wang J, Lian J, Gong W. Developing a multiepitope vaccine for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 and monkeypox virus co-infection: A reverse vaccinology analysis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109728. [PMID: 36652758 PMCID: PMC9832108 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and monkeypox virus (MPXV) severely threaten human health; however, currently, no vaccine can prevent a co-infection with both viruses. METHODS Five antigens were selected to predict dominant T and B cell epitopes screened for immunogenicity, antigenicity, toxicity, and sensitization. After screening, all antigens joined in the construction of a novel multiepitope vaccine. The physicochemical and immunological characteristics, and secondary and tertiary structures of the vaccine were predicted and analyzed using bio- and immunoinformatics. Finally, codon optimization and cloning in-silico were performed. RESULTS A new multiepitope vaccine, named S7M8, was constructed based on four helper T lymphocyte (HTL) epitopes, six cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes, five B cell epitopes, as well as Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists. The antigenicity and immunogenicity scores of the S7M8 vaccine were 0.907374 and 0.6552, respectively. The S7M8 vaccine was comprised of 26.96% α-helices, the optimized Z-value of the tertiary structure was -5.92, and the favored area after majorization in the Ramachandran plot was 84.54%. Molecular docking showed that the S7M8 vaccine could tightly bind to TLR2 (-1100.6 kcal/mol) and TLR4 (-950.3 kcal/mol). In addition, the immune stimulation prediction indicated that the S7M8 vaccine could activate T and B lymphocytes to produce high levels of Th1 cytokines and antibodies. CONCLUSION S7M8 is a promising biomarker with good antigenicity, immunogenicity, non-toxicity, and non-sensitization. The S7M8 vaccine can trigger significantly high levels of Th1 cytokines and antibodies and may be a potentially powerful tool in preventing SARS-CoV-2 and MPXV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Jiang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,The Second Brigade of Cadet, Basic Medical Science Academy of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China,Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yinping Liu
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Xue
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqi Lian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Wenping Gong
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Tan Z, Chen S, Zhang M, Qu X, Li T, Zhang A, He Y, Ou M, Long L, Chen L, Wu F. An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry identification and characterization of the active constituents from Abrus mollis Hance. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2200311. [PMID: 36349515 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abrus mollis Hance is a traditional Chinese medicine that is widely used to treat acute and chronic hepatitis, steatosis, and fibrosis. Its therapeutic qualities of it have long been acknowledged, although the active ingredients responsible for its efficacy and the mechanisms of its action are unknown. In this study, the chemical constituents absorbed into the blood from Abrus mollis Hance were assessed by using liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and the data was analyzed with the UNIFI screening platform. The results obtained were compared to existing chromatographic-mass spectrometry information, including retention times and molecular weights as well as known reference compounds. 41 chemical constituents were found in Abrus mollis Hance, and these included 16 flavonoids, 13 triterpenoids, five organic acids, and two alkaloids. Experimentally it was found that Abrus mollis Hance had a therapeutic benefit when treating α-naphthalene isothiocyanate-induced acute liver injury in rats. In addition, 11 blood prototypical constituents, including six flavonoids, three triterpenoids, and two alkaloids, were found in serum samples following intragastric administration of Abrus mollis Hance extracts to rats. This novel study can be used for the quality control and pharmacodynamic assessment of Abrus mollis Hance in order to assess its efficacy in the therapeutic treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhien Tan
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Shimin Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, P. R. China.,Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Mengli Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosheng Qu
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Taiping Li
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Yanmei He
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Min Ou
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Lihuo Long
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Lu Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, P. R. China
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Kusumah J, Gonzalez de Mejia E. Impact of soybean bioactive compounds as response to diet-induced chronic inflammation: A systematic review. Food Res Int 2022; 162:111928. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Li P, Gao M, Fu J, Yan S, Liu Y, Mahmood T, Lv Z, Guo Y. Dietary soya saponin improves the lipid metabolism and intestinal health of laying hens. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101663. [PMID: 35172236 PMCID: PMC8851251 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Soya saponin (SS) is a natural active substance of leguminous plant, which could improve lipid metabolism and regulate immune function. Intestinal flora might play a key role in the biological functions of SS. The objective of this study was to measure the effects of dietary SS on immune function, lipid metabolism, and intestinal flora of laying hens with or without antibiotic treated. The experiment was designed as a factorial arrangement of 3 dietary SS treatments × 2 antibiotic treatments. Birds were fed a basal diet (CON) or a low-SS diet (50 SS) containing 50 mg/kg SS, or a high-SS diet (500 SS) containing 500 mg/kg SS. Birds were cofed with or without antibiotics. The growth experiment lasted for 10 wk. Results showed that birds fed the 50 mg/kg SS diet tended to have lower abdominal fat rate. The gene expression of liver X receptor-α (LxR-α) in liver and serum total cholesterol (TC) were dropped, and the gene expression of acyl-CoA thioesterase 8 (ACOT8) in liver were upregulated. Compared with CON group, the levels of lysozyme, IL-10, and transforming growth factor (TGF-β) in the serum were elevated as along with gene expression of IL-10, TGF-β, and LYZ in ileum of both 50 and 500 SS group. However, the level of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and Mucin-2 in the ileum were downregulated in the 500 SS group. Additionally, Lactobacillus and Lactobacillus gasseri were the dominant bacteria in the 50 SS group, whereas the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was dropped in the 500 SS group. With combined antibiotics treatment, the α-diversity of bacteria was reduced, and the biological effects of SS were eliminated. In conclusion, the lipid metabolism, immune function, and intestinal flora of the laying hens were improved with the dietary supplementation of 50 mg/kg SS. But dietary 500 mg/kg SS had negative effects on laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mingkun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiahuan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shaojia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tahir Mahmood
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zengpeng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China.
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Li P, Zhao Y, Yan S, Song B, Liu Y, Gao M, Tang D, Guo Y. Soya saponin improves egg-laying performance and immune function of laying hens. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 12:126. [PMID: 34986871 PMCID: PMC8729039 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00647-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soya saponin (SS), an active compound in soybean meals, has been widely studied in the medical field. However, it was considered as an anti-nutritional factor in poultry diets. The objective of this experiment was to measure the effects of dietary SS using three dietary treatments on egg-laying performance and immune function of laying hens. Birds were fed a low soybean meal basal diet (CON), a low-SS diet (50 SS) containing 50 mg/kg SS, or a high-SS diet (500 SS) containing 500 mg/kg SS for 10 weeks. At the end of the 5th and 10th week of the trial, samples were collected for analysis. RESULTS Results showed that with 50 mg/kg SS supplementation, the egg production rate, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and eggshell quality tended to be improved. Serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and Interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels were also elevated as well as the peripheral blood LPS stimulation index, the proportion of B lymphocytes, and antibody titer of bovine serum albumin (BSA). We also found that mRNA levels of follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) in ovarian, nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB), Transforming growth factor (TGF-β) and interferon γ (IFN-γ) in spleen were up-regulated at the end of the trial. Additionally, dietary 50 mg/kg SS improved the ileal flora via up-regulating the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Romboutsia and Lactobacillus delbrueckii. Although the immune related indicators were improved with 500 mg/kg SS supplemented, it seemed to have a negative influence on the laying-performance. Specifically, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and the ratio of IFN-γ to IL-4 were increased in the 500 SS group at the end of the trial. The mRNA levels of gonadotropin releasing hormone 1 (GnRH1) in Hypothalamus, the estrogen related receptor (ERR) in ovaries were downregulated as well as the egg production rate during the trial with 500 mg/kg SS supplemented. CONCLUSIONS The egg production performance was improved by dietary supplemented with 50 mg/kg SS via increasing ovarian FSHR transcription level and serum estrogen level. A beneficial shift in intestinal microflora was recorded, and the immune function of laying hens was also improved with 50 mg/kg SS supplementation. Surprisingly, the long-term supplementation of 500 mg/kg SS exerted a negative impact on the laying performance and physiological functions of the liver of laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yizhu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shaojia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bocheng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yongfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mingkun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dazhi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Yates PS, Roberson J, Ramsue LK, Song BH. Bridging the Gaps between Plant and Human Health: A Systematic Review of Soyasaponins. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14387-14401. [PMID: 34843230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Saponins, prominent secondary plant metabolites, are recognized for their roles in plant defense and medicinal benefits. Soyasaponins, commonly derived from legumes, are a class of triterpenoid saponins that demonstrate significant potential for plant and human health applications. Previous research and reviews largely emphasize human health effects of soyasaponins. However, the biological effects of soyasaponins and their implications for plants in the context of human health have not been well-discussed. This review provides comprehensive discussions on the biological roles of soyasaponins in plant defense and rhizosphere microbial interactions; biosynthetic regulation and compound production; immunological effects and potential for therapeutics; and soyasaponin acquisition attributed to processing effects, bioavailability, and biotransformation processes based on recent soyasaponin research. Given the multifaceted biological effects elicited by soyasaponins, further research warrants an integrated approach to understand molecular mechanisms of regulations in their production as well as their applications in plant and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping S Yates
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28262, United States
| | - Julia Roberson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28262, United States
| | - Lyric K Ramsue
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28262, United States
| | - Bao-Hua Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28262, United States
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Yang Y, Liu S, Liu J, Ta N. Inhibition of TLR2/TLR4 alleviates the Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection damage in human endometrial epithelial cells via Nrf2 and NF-Kβsignaling. J Reprod Immunol 2020; 142:103192. [PMID: 32950783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N.g) is Gram-negative bacteria and can lead to endometritis in female. Toll-like receptors regulate immune response in various diseases. However, the roles of TLR2 and TLR4 in. Neisseria gonorrhoeae-induced infection damage in human endometrial epithelia were investigated. METHODS hEECs were infected with N.g (MOI 10 and 100) and cell viability and apoptosis were measured by CCK8 and flow cytometry assays in both infected groups with the uninfected normal hEECs as negative control. TLR2/TLR4 proteins were measured by ELISA method. Pro-inflammatory markers NLRP3, PGES (PGE2) and TNF-α were assessed by RT-qPCR (mRNA expression) and Elisa (protein concentrations). Transfection assays were performed to up- or down- regulate expression of TLR2 and TLR4 so as to study the functions of TLR2/TLR4 in. N.g-infected hEECs, followed by apoptosis and inflammation assessment. Similarly, we explored the interactions between TLR2/TLR4 and Nrf2/NF-κB/p65 by knocking down TLR2/TLR4 to detect the signaling and further regulating the signaling to evaluate TLR2/ TLR4, apoptosis and inflammation in cells. RESULTS N.g suppressed cell viabilities and induced cell apoptosis and inflammation. TLR2/TLR4 downregulation inhibited the infection damage. Nrf2 was activated while NF-κB/p65 was depleted as TLR2/ TLR4 was knocked down. Activation of Nrf2 and inhibition of NF-κB resulted in decrease of TLR2/TLR4, which could retard apoptosis and inflammation induced by N.g infection. CONCLUSION TLR2/TLR4 depletion could alleviate the N.g-infected hEECs via Nrf2/NF-kB signaling, suggesting that TLR2/TLR4 inhibitors might serve as a treatment to reduce N.g infection in human endometrial epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yang
- Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, No. 156 Nankai Sanma Road Nankai District, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, No. 156 Nankai Sanma Road Nankai District, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Jixiao Liu
- Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, No. 156 Nankai Sanma Road Nankai District, Tianjin, 300100, China.
| | - Na Ta
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010050, China.
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Federico S, Pozzetti L, Papa A, Carullo G, Gemma S, Butini S, Campiani G, Relitti N. Modulation of the Innate Immune Response by Targeting Toll-like Receptors: A Perspective on Their Agonists and Antagonists. J Med Chem 2020; 63:13466-13513. [PMID: 32845153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damaged-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and they are involved in the regulation of innate immune system. These transmembrane receptors, localized at the cellular or endosomal membrane, trigger inflammatory processes through either myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) or TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF) signaling pathways. In the last decades, extensive research has been performed on TLR modulators and their therapeutic implication under several pathological conditions, spanning from infections to cancer, from metabolic disorders to neurodegeneration and autoimmune diseases. This Perspective will highlight the recent discoveries in this field, emphasizing the role of TLRs in different diseases and the therapeutic effect of their natural and synthetic modulators, and it will discuss insights for the future exploitation of TLR modulators in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Federico
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Luca Pozzetti
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Papa
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Gabriele Carullo
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Sandra Gemma
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefania Butini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campiani
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Nicola Relitti
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
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12
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Chen J, Ullah H, Zheng Z, Gu X, Su C, Xiao L, Wu X, Xiong F, Li Q, Zha L. Soyasaponins reduce inflammation by downregulating MyD88 expression and suppressing the recruitments of TLR4 and MyD88 into lipid rafts. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:167. [PMID: 32493316 PMCID: PMC7268359 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-2864-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies indicate that soyasaponins may reduce inflammation via modulating toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling. However, its underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. Methods Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged inflamed male ICR mice were intervened by intragastrical administration with 10 and 20 μmol/kg·BW of soyasaponin A1, A2 or I for 8 weeks. The serum inflammatory markers were determined by commercial kits and the expression of molecules in TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway in liver by real-time PCR and western blotting. The recruitments of TLR4 and MyD88 into lipid rafts of live tissue lysates were detected by sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation and western blotting. LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with 10, 20 and 40 μmol/L of soyasaponin A1, A2 or I for 2 h. MyD88-overexpressed HEK293T cells were treated with 20 and 40 μmol/L of soyasaponins (A1, A2 or I) or 20 μmol/L of ST2825 (a MyD88 inhibitor) for 6 h. The expression of molecules in TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway were determined by western blotting. Data were analyzed by using one way analysis of variance or t-test by SPSS 20.0 statistical software. Results Soyasaponins A1, A2 or I significantly reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin (IL)-6 and nitric oxide (NO) in serum (p < 0.05), and decreased the mRNA levels of TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (p < 0.05), the protein levels of myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD-2), TLR4, MyD88, toll-interleukin1 receptor domain containing adaptor protein (TIRAP), phosphorylated interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (p-IRAK-4), phosphorylated interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (p-IRAK-1) and TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6) (p < 0.05), and the recruitments of TLR4 and MyD88 into lipid rafts in liver (p < 0.05). In LPS-stimulated macrophages, soyasaponins A2 or I significantly decreased MyD88 (p < 0.05), soyasaponins A1, A2 or I reduced p-IRAK-4 and p-IRAK-1 (p < 0.05), and soyasaponin I decreased TRAF6 (p < 0.05). In MyD88-overexpressed HEK293T cells, soyasaponins (A1, A2 or I) and ST2825 significantly decreased MyD88 and TRAF6 (p < 0.05). Conclusion Soyasaponins can reduce inflammation by downregulating MyD88 expression and suppressing the recruitments of TLR4 and MyD88 into lipid rafts. This study provides novel understanding about the anti-inflammatory mechanism of soyasaponins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbin Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Hidayat Ullah
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongdaixi Zheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangfu Gu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuhong Su
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyu Xiao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinglong Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Dietetics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Longying Zha
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.
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Shi XQ, Yue SJ, Tang YP, Chen YY, Zhou GS, Zhang J, Zhu ZH, Liu P, Duan JA. A network pharmacology approach to investigate the blood enriching mechanism of Danggui buxue Decoction. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 235:227-242. [PMID: 30703496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Danggui buxue Decoction (DBD) has been frequently used to treat with blood deficiency, which consisted of Danggui (DG) and Huangqi (HQ) at a ratio of 1:5. Accumulating evidence showed that blood deficiency in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was similar to anemia in modern medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to explore its therapeutic mechanism of with network pharmacology approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS We explored the chemical compounds of DBD and used compound ADME screening to identify the potential compounds. Targets for the therapeutic actions of DBD were obtained from the PharmMapper, Swiss, SEA and STITCH. GO analysis and pathway enrichment analysis was performed using the DAVID webserver. Cytoscape was used to visualize the compound-target-pathway network for DBD. The pharmacodynamics and crucial targets were also validated. RESULTS Thirty-six potential active components in DBD and 49 targets which the active components acted on were identified. 47 KEGG pathways which DBD acted on were also come to light. And then, according to KEGG pathway annotation analysis, only 16 pathways seemed to be related to the blood nourishing effect of DBD, such as PI3K-AKT pathway, and so on. Only 32 targets participated in these 16 pathways and they were acted on by 29 of the 36 active compounds. Whole pharmacodynamic experiments showed that DBD had significant effects to blood loss rats. Furthermore, DBD could promote the up-regulation of hematopoietic and immune related targets and the down-regulation of inflammatory related targets. Significantly, with the results of effective rate, molecular docking and experimental validation, we predicted astragaloside IV in HQ, senkyunolide A and senkyunolide K in DG might be the major contributing compounds to DBD's blood enriching effect. CONCLUSION In this study, a systematical network pharmacology approach was built. Our results provided a basis for the future study of senkyunolide A and senkyunolide K as the blood enriching compounds in DBD. Furthermore, combined network pharmacology with validation experimental results, the nourishing blood effect of DBD might be manifested by the dual mechanism of enhancing immunity and promoting hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Qin Shi
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shi-Jun Yue
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu-Ping Tang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Yan-Yan Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Gui-Sheng Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
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Zielen S, Gabrielpillai J, Herrmann E, Schulze J, Schubert R, Rosewich M. Long-term effect of monophosphoryl lipid A adjuvanted specific immunotherapy in patients with grass pollen allergy. Immunotherapy 2018; 10:529-536. [PMID: 29562801 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2018-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultra-short course pollen immunotherapy adjuvanted with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) is attractive to conventional allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). Long term efficacy of MPL-AIT has not been evaluated. METHODS 68 patients (age 16.75 ± 5.3 years) with allergic rhinitis to grass pollen were investigated. Group 1: 21 controls; Group 2: 19 after complete AIT, and Group 3: 28 with AIT and treatment cessation: 4 years range 3-6 years ago. RESULTS The clinical symptoms (running nose, sneezing, conjunctivitis and the weekly overall score) were significantly reduced in patients group 2 and 3 compared with controls without AIT p < 0.0001. T-regulatory cells and TH1/TH2 cytokine pattern did not differ between patient groups. CONCLUSION The patients in our trial with grass pollen allergy exhibited significant and long-lasting improvements after MPL-AIT, however larger trials are needed to support this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Zielen
- Department for Children & Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology & Cystic fibrosis, Children's Hospital, Goethe University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jennis Gabrielpillai
- Department for Children & Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology & Cystic fibrosis, Children's Hospital, Goethe University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Eva Herrmann
- Department of Biostatistics, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Johannes Schulze
- Department for Children & Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology & Cystic fibrosis, Children's Hospital, Goethe University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ralf Schubert
- Department for Children & Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology & Cystic fibrosis, Children's Hospital, Goethe University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Martin Rosewich
- Department for Children & Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology & Cystic fibrosis, Children's Hospital, Goethe University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
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Protection against 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium-induced neurotoxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells by Soyasaponin I by the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT/GSK3β pathway. Neuroreport 2018; 27:730-6. [PMID: 27196724 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) can be ascribed to the progressive and selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, and thus molecules with neuroprotective ability may have therapeutic value against PD. In the current study, the neuroprotective effects and underlying mechanisms of Soyasaponin I (Soya-I), a naturally occurring triterpene extracted from a widely used ingredient in many foods, such as Glycine max (soybean), were evaluated in a widely used cellular PD model in which neurotoxicity was induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium (MPP) in cultured SH-SY5Y cells. We found that Soya-I at 10-40 μM considerably protected against MPP-induced neurotoxicity as evidenced by an increase in cell viability, a decrease in lactate dehydrogenase release, and a reduction in apoptotic nuclei. Moreover, Soya-I effectively inhibited the elevated intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species as well as the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio caused by MPP. Most importantly, Soya-I markedly reversed the inhibition of protein expression of phosphorylated AKT and phosphorylated GSK3β caused by MPP. LY294002, the specific inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, significantly abrogated the upregulated phosphorylated AKT and phosphorylated GSK3β offered by Soya-I, suggesting that the neuroprotection of Soya-I was mainly dependent on the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway. The results taken together indicate that Soya-I may be a potential candidate for further preclinical study aimed at the prevention and treatment of PD.
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Kamo S, Takada Y, Yamashita T, Sato T, Yano E, Zaima N, Moriyama T. Group B Soyasaponin Aglycone Suppresses Body Weight Gain and Fat Levels in High Fat-Fed Mice. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2018; 64:222-228. [PMID: 29962434 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.64.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Group B soyasaponins, found in soy, have various health-promoting properties, but it is unclear whether they have an anti-obesity effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-obesity effect of group B soyasaponin glycosides and aglycone in mice fed a high-fat diet. Six-week-old C57/BL6 mice were divided into three groups (each n=10) and orally administered a high-fat diet for 35 d; two of the groups also received group B soyasaponin glycosides or aglycone. Although there was no significant difference among the three groups in consumption, the weight of fat adipose tissue at autopsy was more than 30% lower in the group B soyasaponin aglycone group than in the control group, but X-ray computed tomography showed no significant difference in muscle weight between these two groups. The ratio of muscle to whole body weight was higher in the group B soyasaponin aglycone group than in the control group. These results suggest that group B soyasaponin aglycone has a stronger anti-obesity effect than group B soyasaponin glycosides, without a loss in muscle weight, and that it increases the ratio of muscle to whole body weight. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing the anti-obesity effect of soyasaponin aglycone in vivo using animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Kamo
- Product Development Laboratory, J-OIL MILLS, Inc
| | - Yuichi Takada
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University
| | | | - Toshiro Sato
- Fundamental Research Laboratory, J-OIL MILLS, Inc
| | - Erika Yano
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University
| | - Nobuhiro Zaima
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University
| | - Tatsuya Moriyama
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University
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