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Brandhorst E, Xu L, Klimezak M, Goegan B, Hong H, Hammes HP, Specht A, Cambridge S. In Vivo Optogenetic Manipulation of Transgene Expression in Retinal Neurovasculature. JACS AU 2024; 4:2818-2825. [PMID: 39211617 PMCID: PMC11350597 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The retina is prone to developing pathological neovascularization, a leading cause of blindness in humans. Because excess neovascularization does not affect the entire retina, global inhibition treatment of angiogenesis critically interferes with healthy, unaffected retinal tissue. We therefore established an in vivo photoactivated gene expression paradigm which would allow light-mediated targeting of antiangiogenic genetic treatment only to affected retinal regions. We synthesized a "caged" (i.e., reversibly inhibited) photosensitive 4-hydroxytamoxifen analog. Molecular docking analyses validated its reduced transcriptional activity. Caged 4-hydroxytamoxifen was intravitreally injected into mice harboring the inducible Cre/lox system, with CreERT2 being expressed via the Tie2 promoter in the neurovasculature. Subsequent in vivo irradiation of eyes significantly induced retinal expression of a Cre-dependent transgene in retinal blood vessels. Using GFAP-CreERT2 mice, successful photoactivation was also achieved in eyes and also in ex vivo brain slices for validation of the approach. This highlights the possibility of light-mediated gene therapies specific for the retina, a key first step in personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Brandhorst
- Fifth Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Liang Xu
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Maxime Klimezak
- Laboratoire de Chémo-Biologie Synthétique et Thérapeutique, Equipe Nanoparticule Intelligentes, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, CBST UMR 7199, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bastien Goegan
- Laboratoire de Chémo-Biologie Synthétique et Thérapeutique, Equipe Nanoparticule Intelligentes, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, CBST UMR 7199, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Huixiao Hong
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Hans-Peter Hammes
- Fifth Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alexandre Specht
- Laboratoire de Chémo-Biologie Synthétique et Thérapeutique, Equipe Nanoparticule Intelligentes, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, CBST UMR 7199, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sidney Cambridge
- Dr. Senckenberg Anatomy, Anatomy II, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Health and Medical University Potsdam, 14471 Potsdam, Germany
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2
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Shagufta, Ahmad I, Nelson DJ, Hussain MI, Nasar NA. Potential of covalently linked tamoxifen hybrids for cancer treatment: recent update. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1877-1898. [PMID: 38911170 PMCID: PMC11187546 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00632h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease and the second leading cause of death globally, and breast cancer is still a leading cause of cancer death in women. Tamoxifen is the most commonly used drug for breast cancer (ER-positive) treatment and chemoprevention, saving the lives of millions of patients every year. In addition, the tamoxifen template has been explored extensively for the development of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) applicable in breast cancer, osteoporosis, and postmenopausal symptom treatment. Numerous anticancer drugs, including tamoxifen, are in use, but the complexity and heterogeneous nature of cancer complicate the effect of conventional targeted drugs, leading to adverse reactions and resistance. One of the significant approaches to overcome these shortcomings is drug hybrids, generated by covalently linking two or more active pharmacophores. These drug hybrids are remarkably effective in acting on multiple drug targets with higher selectivity and specificity. In recent years, several tamoxifen hybrids have been discovered as potential candidates for cancer treatment. The review highlights the recent progress in developing anticancer hybrids, including organometallic, fluorescent, photocaged, and novel ligand-based tamoxifen hybrids. It also demonstrates the significance of merging various pharmacophores with tamoxifen to produce more potent, precise, and effective anticancer agents. The study offers valuable knowledge to researchers working on cancer research with the hope of enhancing drug potency and reducing drug toxicity to improve cancer patients' lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagufta
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah Ras Al Khaimah United Arab Emirates
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah Ras Al Khaimah United Arab Emirates
| | - Donna J Nelson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma USA
| | - Maheen Imtiaz Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah Ras Al Khaimah United Arab Emirates
| | - Noora Ali Nasar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah Ras Al Khaimah United Arab Emirates
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3
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Kiy Z, Chaud J, Xu L, Brandhorst E, Kamali T, Vargas C, Keller S, Hong H, Specht A, Cambridge S. Towards a Light-mediated Gene Therapy for the Eye using Caged Ethinylestradiol and the Inducible Cre/lox System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317675. [PMID: 38127455 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Increasingly, retinal pathologies are being treated with virus-mediated gene therapies. To be able to target viral transgene expression specifically to the pathological regions of the retina with light, we established an in vivo photoactivated gene expression paradigm for retinal tissue. Based on the inducible Cre/lox system, we discovered that ethinylestradiol is a suitable alternative to Tamoxifen as ethinylestradiol is more amenable to modification with photosensitive protecting compounds, i.e., "caging." Identification of ethinylestradiol as a ligand for the mutated human estradiol receptor was supported by in silico binding studies showing the reduced binding of caged ethinylestradiol. Caged ethinylestradiol was injected into the eyes of double transgenic GFAP-CreERT2 mice with a Cre-dependent tdTomato reporter transgene followed by irradiation with light of 450 nm. Photoactivation significantly increased retinal tdTomato expression compared to controls. We thus demonstrated a first step towards the development of a targeted, light-mediated gene therapy for the eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Kiy
- Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juliane Chaud
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, Equipe de Chimie et Neurobiologie Moléculaire, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, CAMB UMR 7199, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Liang Xu
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Eric Brandhorst
- Sektion Endokrinologie, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tschackad Kamali
- Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Max-Jarecki-Straße 8, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carolyn Vargas
- Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences (IMB), NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Humboldtstr. 50/III, 8010, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sandro Keller
- Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences (IMB), NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Humboldtstr. 50/III, 8010, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Huixiao Hong
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Alexandre Specht
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, Equipe de Chimie et Neurobiologie Moléculaire, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, CAMB UMR 7199, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sidney Cambridge
- Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Anatomy II, Dr. Senckenberg Anatomy, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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4
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Hashimoto R, Minoshima M, Kikuchi K. Rational Design of Hydroxylated Thiazole Orange Photocages for Green Light-Triggered DNA Recombination. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300799. [PMID: 38153201 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The precise control of DNA recombination enables the cell- or time-dependent regulation of gene expression in studies of gene function. Caged estrogen receptor ligands combined with a Cre-ERT2/loxP system are useful tools for light-triggered DNA recombination. However, the photolysis of most caged compounds requires ultraviolet or blue light, which is toxic and displays low tissue penetration. Although a cyanine-based photo-responsive protecting group (PPG) can release estrogen receptor ligands with longer-wavelength light, its low photolytic efficiency requires long illumination times. We developed a caged estrogen receptor ligand with improved green light-responsive PPGs. The rational modification of Hydroxylated Thiazole Orange (HTO) photocages using electron-donating groups (EDGs), such as dimethoxy (DiMeO)-substituted HTO, resulted in high photolytic efficiency (up to ϵΦ ≈320 M-1 cm-1 ). Theoretical calculations demonstrated that the enhanced photolytic efficiencies were derived from the increased intramolecular charge transfer by EDGs upon excitation. The efficient uncaging of estrogen receptor ligands enabled the control of gene recombination in a ligand-dependent Cre-ERT2/loxP system in live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryu Hashimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masafumi Minoshima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- JST, PRESTO, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kikuchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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5
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Devarajan A. Optically Controlled CRISPR-Cas9 and Cre Recombinase for Spatiotemporal Gene Editing: A Review. ACS Synth Biol 2024; 13:25-44. [PMID: 38134336 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
CRISPR-Cas9 and Cre recombinase, two tools extensively used for genome interrogation, have catalyzed key breakthroughs in our understanding of complex biological processes and diseases. However, the immense complexity of biological systems and off-target effects hinder clinical applications, necessitating the development of platforms to control gene editing over spatial and temporal dimensions. Among the strategies developed for inducible control, light is particularly attractive as it is noninvasive and affords high spatiotemporal resolution. The principles for optical control of Cas9 and Cre recombinase are broadly similar and involve photocaged enzymes and small molecules, engineered split- and single-chain constructs, light-induced expression, and delivery by light-responsive nanocarriers. Few systems enable spatiotemporal control with a high dynamic range without loss of wild-type editing efficiencies. Such systems posit the promise of light-activatable systems in the clinic. While the prospect of clinical applications is palpably exciting, optimization and extensive preclinical validation are warranted. Judicious integration of optically activated CRISPR and Cre, tailored for the desired application, may help to bridge the "bench-to-bedside" gap in therapeutic gene editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archit Devarajan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India - 462066
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6
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Hogenkamp F, Hilgers F, Bitzenhofer NL, Ophoven V, Haase M, Bier C, Binder D, Jaeger K, Drepper T, Pietruszka J. Optochemical Control of Bacterial Gene Expression: Novel Photocaged Compounds for Different Promoter Systems. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202100467. [PMID: 34750949 PMCID: PMC9299732 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Photocaged compounds are applied for implementing precise, optochemical control of gene expression in bacteria. To broaden the scope of UV-light-responsive inducer molecules, six photocaged carbohydrates were synthesized and photochemically characterized, with the absorption exhibiting a red-shift. Their differing linkage through ether, carbonate, and carbamate bonds revealed that carbonate and carbamate bonds are convenient. Subsequently, those compounds were successfully applied in vivo for controlling gene expression in E. coli via blue light illumination. Furthermore, benzoate-based expression systems were subjected to light control by establishing a novel photocaged salicylic acid derivative. Besides its synthesis and in vitro characterization, we demonstrate the challenging choice of a suitable promoter system for light-controlled gene expression in E. coli. We illustrate various bottlenecks during both photocaged inducer synthesis and in vivo application and possibilities to overcome them. These findings pave the way towards novel caged inducer-dependent systems for wavelength-selective gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Hogenkamp
- Institute of Bioorganic ChemistryHeinrich Heine University Düsseldorf at Forschungszentrum Jülich Stetternicher Forst52426JülichGermany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)
| | - Fabienne Hilgers
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf at Forschungszentrum JülichStetternicher Forst52426JülichGermany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)
| | - Nora Lisa Bitzenhofer
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf at Forschungszentrum JülichStetternicher Forst52426JülichGermany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)
| | - Vera Ophoven
- Institute of Bioorganic ChemistryHeinrich Heine University Düsseldorf at Forschungszentrum Jülich Stetternicher Forst52426JülichGermany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)
| | - Mona Haase
- Institute of Bioorganic ChemistryHeinrich Heine University Düsseldorf at Forschungszentrum Jülich Stetternicher Forst52426JülichGermany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)
| | - Claus Bier
- Institute of Bioorganic ChemistryHeinrich Heine University Düsseldorf at Forschungszentrum Jülich Stetternicher Forst52426JülichGermany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)
| | - Dennis Binder
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf at Forschungszentrum JülichStetternicher Forst52426JülichGermany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)
| | - Karl‐Erich Jaeger
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf at Forschungszentrum JülichStetternicher Forst52426JülichGermany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-1: Biotechnology)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52426JülichGermany
| | - Thomas Drepper
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf at Forschungszentrum JülichStetternicher Forst52426JülichGermany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)
| | - Jörg Pietruszka
- Institute of Bioorganic ChemistryHeinrich Heine University Düsseldorf at Forschungszentrum Jülich Stetternicher Forst52426JülichGermany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-1: Biotechnology)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52426JülichGermany
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7
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Tian X, Zhou B. Strategies for site-specific recombination with high efficiency and precise spatiotemporal resolution. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100509. [PMID: 33676891 PMCID: PMC8050033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Site-specific recombinases (SSRs) are invaluable genome engineering tools that have enormously boosted our understanding of gene functions and cell lineage relationships in developmental biology, stem cell biology, regenerative medicine, and multiple diseases. However, the ever-increasing complexity of biomedical research requires the development of novel site-specific genetic recombination technologies that can manipulate genomic DNA with high efficiency and fine spatiotemporal control. Here, we review the latest innovative strategies of the commonly used Cre-loxP recombination system and its combinatorial strategies with other site-specific recombinase systems. We also highlight recent progress with a focus on the new generation of chemical- and light-inducible genetic systems and discuss the merits and limitations of each new and established system. Finally, we provide the future perspectives of combining various recombination systems or improving well-established site-specific genetic tools to achieve more efficient and precise spatiotemporal genetic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Tian
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China; School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
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8
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Freudenblum J, Meyer D, Kimmel RA. Inducible Mosaic Cell Labeling Provides Insights Into Pancreatic Islet Morphogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:586651. [PMID: 33102488 PMCID: PMC7546031 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.586651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic islets, discrete microorgans embedded within the exocrine pancreas, contain beta cells which are critical for glucose homeostasis. Loss or dysfunction of beta cells leads to diabetes, a disease with expanding global prevalence, and for which regenerative therapies are actively being pursued. Recent efforts have focused on producing mature beta cells in vitro, but it is increasingly recognized that achieving a faithful three-dimensional islet structure is crucial for generating fully functional beta cells. Our current understanding of islet morphogenesis is far from complete, due to the deep internal location of the pancreas in mammalian models, which hampers direct visualization. Zebrafish is a model system well suited for studies of pancreas morphogenesis due to its transparency and the accessible location of the larval pancreas. In order to further clarify the cellular mechanisms of islet formation, we have developed new tools for in vivo visualization of single-cell dynamics. Our results show that clustering islet cells make contact and interconnect through dynamic actin-rich processes, move together while remaining in close proximity to the duct, and maintain high protrusive motility after forming clusters. Quantitative analyses of cell morphology and motility in 3-dimensions lays the groundwork to define therapeutically applicable factors responsible for orchestrating the morphogenic behaviors of coalescing endocrine cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Freudenblum
- Institute of Molecular Biology/CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dirk Meyer
- Institute of Molecular Biology/CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Robin A Kimmel
- Institute of Molecular Biology/CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Hartmann D, Smith JM, Mazzotti G, Chowdhry R, Booth MJ. Controlling gene expression with light: a multidisciplinary endeavour. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:1645-1659. [PMID: 32657338 PMCID: PMC7458398 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The expression of a gene to a protein is one of the most vital biological processes. The use of light to control biology offers unparalleled spatiotemporal resolution from an external, orthogonal signal. A variety of methods have been developed that use light to control the steps of transcription and translation of specific genes into proteins, for cell-free to in vivo biotechnology applications. These methods employ techniques ranging from the modification of small molecules, nucleic acids and proteins with photocages, to the engineering of proteins involved in gene expression using naturally light-sensitive proteins. Although the majority of currently available technologies employ ultraviolet light, there has been a recent increase in the use of functionalities that work at longer wavelengths of light, to minimise cellular damage and increase tissue penetration. Here, we discuss the different chemical and biological methods employed to control gene expression, while also highlighting the central themes and the most exciting applications within this diverse field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Hartmann
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Jefferson M. Smith
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Giacomo Mazzotti
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Razia Chowdhry
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Michael J. Booth
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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10
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Takao T, Hiraoka Y, Kawabe K, Yamada D, Ming L, Tanaka K, Sato M, Takarada T. Establishment of a tTA-dependent photoactivatable Cre recombinase knock-in mouse model for optogenetic genome engineering. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 526:213-217. [PMID: 32204914 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Cre-loxP recombination system is widely used to generate genetically modified mice for biomedical research. Recently, a highly efficient photoactivatable Cre (PA-Cre) based on reassembly of split Cre fragments has been established. This technology enables efficient DNA recombination that is activated upon blue light illumination with spatiotemporal precision. In this study, we generated a tTA-dependent photoactivatable Cre-loxP recombinase knock-in mouse model (TRE-PA-Cre mice) using a CRISPR/Cas9 system. These mice were crossed with ROSA26-tdTomato mice (Cre reporter mouse) to visualize DNA recombination as marked by tdTomato expression. We demonstrated that external noninvasive LED blue light illumination allows efficient DNA recombination in the liver of TRE-PA-Cre:ROSA26-tdTomato mice transfected with tTA expression vectors using hydrodynamic tail vein injection. The TRE-PA-Cre mouse established here promises to be useful for optogenetic genome engineering in a noninvasive, spatiotemporal, and cell-type specific manner in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoka Takao
- Department of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hiraoka
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan; Laboratory of Genome Editing for Biomedical Research, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawabe
- Department of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamada
- Department of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Lu Ming
- Department of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kohichi Tanaka
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Moritoshi Sato
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Takarada
- Department of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
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11
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Tang S, Cannon J, Yang K, Krummel MF, Baker JR, Choi SK. Spacer-Mediated Control of Coumarin Uncaging for Photocaged Thymidine. J Org Chem 2020; 85:2945-2955. [PMID: 32020803 PMCID: PMC7293860 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Despite its importance in the design of photocaged molecules, less attention is focused on linker chemistry than the cage itself. Here, we describe unique uncaging properties displayed by two coumarin-caged thymidine compounds, each conjugated with (2) or without (1) an extended, self-immolative spacer. Photolysis of 1 using long-wavelength UVA (365 nm) or visible (420, 455 nm) light led to the release of free thymidine along with the competitive generation of a thymidine-bearing recombination product. The occurrence of this undesired side reaction, which is previously unreported, was not present with the photolysis of 2, which released thymidine exclusively with higher quantum efficiency. We propose that the spatial separation between the cage and the substrate molecule conferred by the extended linker can play a critical role in circumventing this unproductive reaction. This report reinforces the importance of linker selection in the design of coumarin-caged oligonucleosides and other conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhuang Tang
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America
| | - Jayme Cannon
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America
| | - Kelly Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America
| | - Matthew F. Krummel
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave, HSW512, San Francisco, California 94143, United States of America
| | - James R. Baker
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America
| | - Seok Ki Choi
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America
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12
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Savery D, Maniou E, Culshaw LH, Greene NDE, Copp AJ, Galea GL. Refinement of inducible gene deletion in embryos of pregnant mice. Birth Defects Res 2019; 112:196-204. [PMID: 31793758 PMCID: PMC7003956 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
CreERT2‐mediated gene recombination is widely applied in developmental biology research. Activation of CreERT2 is typically achieved by injection of tamoxifen in an oily vehicle into the peritoneal cavity of mid‐gestation pregnant mice. This can be technically challenging and adversely impacts welfare. Here we characterize three refinements to this technique: Pipette feeding (not gavage) of tamoxifen, ex vivo CreERT2 activation in whole embryo culture and injection of cell‐permeable TAT‐Cre into Cre‐negative cultured embryos. We demonstrate that pipette feeding of tamoxifen solution to the mother on various days of gestation reliably activates embryonic CreERT2, illustrated here using β‐ActinCreERT2, Sox2CreERT2, TCreERT2, and Nkx1.2CreERT2. Pipette feeding of tamoxifen induces dose‐dependent recombination of Rosa26mTmG reporters when administered at E8.5. Activation of two neuromesodermal progenitor‐targeting Cre drivers, TCreERT2, and Nkx1.2CreERT2, produces comparable neuroepithelial lineage tracing. Dose‐dependent CreERT2 activation can also be achieved by brief exposure to 4OH‐tamoxifen in whole embryo culture, allowing temporal control of gene deletion and eliminating the need to treat pregnant mice. Rosa26mTmG reporter recombination can also be achieved regionally by injecting TAT‐Cre into embryonic tissues at the start of culture. This allows greater spatial control over Cre activation than can typically be achieved with endogenous CreERT2, for example by injecting TAT‐Cre on one side of the midline. We hope that our description and application of these techniques will stimulate refinement of experimental methods involving CreERT2 activation for gene deletion and lineage tracing studies. Improved temporal (ex vivo treatment) and spatial (TAT‐Cre injection) control of recombination will also allow previously intractable questions to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn Savery
- Developmental Biology and Cancer, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Eirini Maniou
- Developmental Biology and Cancer, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Lucy H Culshaw
- Developmental Biology and Cancer, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Nicholas D E Greene
- Developmental Biology and Cancer, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Andrew J Copp
- Developmental Biology and Cancer, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Gabriel L Galea
- Developmental Biology and Cancer, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Comparative Bioveterinary Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
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13
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Light-triggered release of photocaged therapeutics - Where are we now? J Control Release 2019; 298:154-176. [PMID: 30742854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The current available therapeutics face several challenges such as the development of ideal drug delivery systems towards the goal of personalized treatments for patients benefit. The application of light as an exogenous activation mechanism has shown promising outcomes, owning to the spatiotemporal confinement of the treatment in the vicinity of the diseased tissue, which offers many intriguing possibilities. Engineering therapeutics with light responsive moieties have been explored to enhance the bioavailability, and drug efficacy either in vitro or in vivo. The tailor-made character turns the so-called photocaged compounds highly desirable to reduce the side effects of drugs and, therefore, have received wide research attention. Herein, we seek to highlight the potential of photocaged compounds to obtain a clear understanding of the mechanisms behind its use in therapeutic delivery. A deep overview on the progress achieved in the design, fabrication as well as current and possible future applications in therapeutics of photocaged compounds is provided, so that novel formulations for biomedical field can be designed.
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14
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Huising MO, Lee S, van der Meulen T. Evidence for a Neogenic Niche at the Periphery of Pancreatic Islets. Bioessays 2018; 40:e1800119. [PMID: 30264410 PMCID: PMC6570402 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201800119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We recently discovered a novel subset of beta cells that resemble immature beta cells during pancreas development. We named these "virgin" beta cells as they do not stem from existing mature beta cells. Virgin beta cells are found exclusively at the islet periphery in areas that we therefore designated as the "neogenic niche." As beta cells are our only source of insulin, their loss leads to diabetes. Islets also contain glucagon-producing alpha cells and somatostatin-producing delta cells, that are important for glucose homeostasis and form a mantle surrounding the beta cell core. This 3D architecture is important and determines access to blood flow and innervation. We propose that the distinctive islet architecture may also play an important, but hitherto unappreciated role in generation of new endocrine cells, including beta cells. We discuss several predictions to further test the contribution of the neogenic niche to beta cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark O. Huising
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Sharon Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Talitha van der Meulen
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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15
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Gorka AP, Yamamoto T, Zhu J, Schnermann MJ. Cyanine Photocages Enable Spatial Control of Inducible Cre-Mediated Recombination. Chembiochem 2018; 19:1239-1243. [PMID: 29473264 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Optical control over protein expression could provide a means to interrogate a range of biological processes. One approach has employed caged ligands of the estrogen receptor (ER) in combination with broadly used ligand-dependent Cre recombinase proteins. Existing approaches use UV or blue wavelengths, which hinders their application in tissue settings. Additionally, issues of payload diffusion can impede fine spatial control over the recombination process. Here, we detail the chemical optimization of a near-infrared (NIR) light-activated variant of the ER antagonist cyclofen. These studies resulted in modification of both the caging group and payload with lipophilic n-butyl esters. The appendage of esters to the cyanine cage improved cellular uptake and retention. The installation of a 4-piperidyl ester enabled high spatial resolution of the light-initiated Cre-mediated recombination event. These studies described chemical modifications with potential general utility for improving spatial control of intracellular caging strategies. Additionally, these efforts will enable future applications to use these molecules in complex physiological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Gorka
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.,Present Address: Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 N. Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Tsuyoshi Yamamoto
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Jianjian Zhu
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Martin J Schnermann
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
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16
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Zhang W, Hamouri F, Feng Z, Aujard I, Ducos B, Ye S, Weiss S, Volovitch M, Vriz S, Jullien L, Bensimon D. Control of Protein Activity and Gene Expression by Cyclofen-OH Uncaging. Chembiochem 2018; 19:1232-1238. [PMID: 29341391 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The use of light to control the expression of genes and the activity of proteins is a rapidly expanding field. Whereas many of these approaches use fusion between a light-activable protein and the protein of interest to control the activity of the latter, it is also possible to control the activity of a protein by uncaging a specific ligand. In that context, controlling the activation of a protein fused to the modified estrogen receptor (ERT) by uncaging its ligand cyclofen-OH has emerged as a generic and versatile method to control the activation of proteins quantitatively, quickly, and locally in a live organism. We present that approach and its uses in a variety of physiological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiting Zhang
- Laboratoire de Physique Statistique, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France.,IBENS, CNRS-UMR8197, INSERM-U1024, PSL Research University, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Fatima Hamouri
- Laboratoire de Physique Statistique, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France.,IBENS, CNRS-UMR8197, INSERM-U1024, PSL Research University, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Zhiping Feng
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Isabelle Aujard
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, PSL Research University, 75005, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, PASTEUR, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Ducos
- Laboratoire de Physique Statistique, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France.,IBENS, CNRS-UMR8197, INSERM-U1024, PSL Research University, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Shixin Ye
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Shimon Weiss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Michel Volovitch
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS UMR 7241, INSERM U1050, 11 place Marcellin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France.,Department of Biology, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Vriz
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS UMR 7241, INSERM U1050, 11 place Marcellin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France.,Department of Life Sciences, Paris-Diderot University, Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, 5 rue Thomas Mann, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Jullien
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, PSL Research University, 75005, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, PASTEUR, 75005, Paris, France
| | - David Bensimon
- Laboratoire de Physique Statistique, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France.,IBENS, CNRS-UMR8197, INSERM-U1024, PSL Research University, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
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17
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Luo J, Arbely E, Zhang J, Chou C, Uprety R, Chin JW, Deiters A. Genetically encoded optical activation of DNA recombination in human cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:8529-32. [PMID: 27277957 PMCID: PMC5048445 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc03934k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We developed two tightly regulated, light-activated Cre recombinase enzymes through site-specific incorporation of two genetically-encoded photocaged amino acids in human cells. Excellent optical off to on switching of DNA recombination was achieved. Furthermore, we demonstrated precise spatial control of Cre recombinase through patterned illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Luo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
| | - E Arbely
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Ave, Cambridge CB20QH, UK and Department of Chemistry and The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - C Chou
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - R Uprety
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - J W Chin
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Ave, Cambridge CB20QH, UK
| | - A Deiters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
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18
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Asad N, Deodato D, Lan X, Widegren MB, Phillips DL, Du L, Dore TM. Photochemical Activation of Tertiary Amines for Applications in Studying Cell Physiology. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:12591-12600. [PMID: 28806084 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b06363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Representative tertiary amines were linked to the 8-cyano-7-hydroxyquinolinyl (CyHQ) photoremovable protecting group (PPG) to create photoactivatable forms suitable for use in studying cell physiology. The photoactivation of tamoxifen and 4-hydroxytamoxifen, which can be used to activate Cre recombinase and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, demonstrated that highly efficient release of bioactive molecules could be achieved through one- and two-photon excitation (1PE and 2PE). CyHQ-protected anilines underwent a photoaza-Claisen rearrangement instead of releasing amines. Time-resolved spectroscopic studies revealed that photorelease of the tertiary amines was extremely fast, occurring from a singlet excited state of CyHQ on the 70 ps time scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Asad
- New York University Abu Dhabi , P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Davide Deodato
- New York University Abu Dhabi , P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Xin Lan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Magnus B Widegren
- New York University Abu Dhabi , P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - David Lee Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Du
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Timothy M Dore
- New York University Abu Dhabi , P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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19
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Wong PT, Roberts EW, Tang S, Mukherjee J, Cannon J, Nip AJ, Corbin K, Krummel MF, Choi SK. Control of an Unusual Photo-Claisen Rearrangement in Coumarin Caged Tamoxifen through an Extended Spacer. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:1001-1010. [PMID: 28191924 PMCID: PMC5404426 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The use of coumarin
caged molecules has been well documented in
numerous photocaging applications including for the spatiotemporal
control of Cre-estrogen receptor (Cre-ERT2) recombinase activity.
In this article, we report that 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4OHT) caged with
coumarin via a conventional ether linkage led to
an unexpected photo-Claisen rearrangement which significantly competed
with the release of free 4OHT. The basis for this unwanted reaction
appears to be related to the coumarin structure and its radical-based
mechanism of uncaging, as it did not occur in ortho-nitrobenzyl (ONB) caged 4OHT that was otherwise linked in the same
manner. In an effort to perform design optimization, we introduced
a self-immolative linker longer than the ether linkage and identified
an optimal linker which allowed rapid 4OHT release by both single-photon
and two-photon absorption mechanisms. The ability of this construct
to actively control Cre-ERT2 mediated gene modifications was investigated
in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) in which the expression of a
green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter dependent gene recombination
was controlled by 4OHT release and measured by confocal fluorescence
microscopy and flow cytometry. In summary, we report the implications
of this photo-Claisen rearrangement in coumarin caged compounds and
demonstrate a rational linker strategy for addressing this unwanted
side reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward W. Roberts
- Department
of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave, HSW512, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | | | | | | | - Alyssa J. Nip
- Department
of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave, HSW512, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Kaitlin Corbin
- Department
of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave, HSW512, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Matthew F. Krummel
- Department
of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave, HSW512, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
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20
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Wong PT, Tang S, Cannon J, Mukherjee J, Isham D, Gam K, Payne M, Yanik SA, Baker JR, Choi SK. A Thioacetal Photocage Designed for Dual Release: Application in the Quantitation of Therapeutic Release by Synchronous Reporter Decaging. Chembiochem 2017; 18:126-135. [PMID: 27902870 PMCID: PMC5213739 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the immense potential of existing photocaging technology, its application is limited by the paucity of advanced caging tools. Here, we report on the design of a novel thioacetal ortho-nitrobenzaldehyde (TNB) dual arm photocage that enabled control of the simultaneous release of two payloads linked to a single TNB unit. By using this cage, which was prepared in a single step from commercial 6-nitroverataldehyde, three drug-fluorophore conjugates were synthesized: Taxol-TNB-fluorescein, Taxol-TNB-coumarin, and doxorubicin-TNB-coumarin, and long-wavelength UVA light-triggered release experiments demonstrated that dual payload release occurred with rapid decay kinetics for each conjugate. In cell-based assays performed in vitro, dual release could also be controlled by UV exposure, resulting in increased cellular fluorescence and cytotoxicity with potency equal to that of unmodified drug towards the KB carcinoma cell line. The extent of such dual release was quantifiable by reporter fluorescence measured in situ and was found to correlate with the extent of cytotoxicity. Thus, this novel dual arm cage strategy provides a valuable tool that enables both active control and real-time monitoring of drug activation at the delivery site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela T Wong
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Ctr. Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Shengzhuang Tang
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Ctr. Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jayme Cannon
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Ctr. Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jhindan Mukherjee
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Ctr. Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Danielle Isham
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Ctr. Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kristina Gam
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Ctr. Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Michael Payne
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Ctr. Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Sean A Yanik
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Ctr. Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - James R Baker
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Ctr. Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Seok Ki Choi
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Ctr. Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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21
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A photoactivatable Cre-loxP recombination system for optogenetic genome engineering. Nat Chem Biol 2016; 12:1059-1064. [PMID: 27723747 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Genome engineering techniques represented by the Cre-loxP recombination system have been used extensively for biomedical research. However, powerful and useful techniques for genome engineering that have high spatiotemporal precision remain elusive. Here we develop a highly efficient photoactivatable Cre recombinase (PA-Cre) to optogenetically control genome engineering in vivo. PA-Cre is based on the reassembly of split Cre fragments by light-inducible dimerization of the Magnet system. PA-Cre enables sharp induction (up to 320-fold) of DNA recombination and is efficiently activated even by low-intensity illumination (∼0.04 W m-2) or short periods of pulsed illumination (∼30 s). We demonstrate that PA-Cre allows for efficient DNA recombination in an internal organ of living mice through noninvasive external illumination using a LED light source. The present PA-Cre provides a powerful tool to greatly facilitate optogenetic genome engineering in vivo.
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22
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Meinke G, Bohm A, Hauber J, Pisabarro MT, Buchholz F. Cre Recombinase and Other Tyrosine Recombinases. Chem Rev 2016; 116:12785-12820. [PMID: 27163859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine-type site-specific recombinases (T-SSRs) have opened new avenues for the predictable modification of genomes as they enable precise genome editing in heterologous hosts. These enzymes are ubiquitous in eubacteria, prevalent in archaea and temperate phages, present in certain yeast strains, but barely found in higher eukaryotes. As tools they find increasing use for the generation and systematic modification of genomes in a plethora of organisms. If applied in host organisms, they enable precise DNA cleavage and ligation without the gain or loss of nucleotides. Criteria directing the choice of the most appropriate T-SSR system for genetic engineering include that, whenever possible, the recombinase should act independent of cofactors and that the target sequences should be long enough to be unique in a given genome. This review is focused on recent advancements in our mechanistic understanding of simple T-SSRs and their application in developmental and synthetic biology, as well as in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen Meinke
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts 02111, United States
| | - Andrew Bohm
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts 02111, United States
| | - Joachim Hauber
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology , 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Frank Buchholz
- Medical Systems Biology, UCC, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus TU Dresden , 01307 Dresden, Germany
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23
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Tarai A, Baruah JB. Anion assisted conformationally guided self-assemblies of multi-component cocrystals of dioxime. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce01157h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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24
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Photoelectrocyclization as an Activation Mechanism for Organelle-Specific Live-Cell Imaging Probes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Tran MN, Chenoweth DM. Photoelectrocyclization as an activation mechanism for organelle-specific live-cell imaging probes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6442-6. [PMID: 25950154 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Photoactivatable fluorophores are useful tools in live-cell imaging owing to their potential for precise spatial and temporal control. In this report, a new photoactivatable organelle-specific live-cell imaging probe based on a 6π electrocyclization/oxidation mechanism is described. It is shown that this new probe is water-soluble, non-cytotoxic, cell-permeable, and useful for mitochondrial imaging. The probe displays large Stokes shifts in both pre-activated and activated forms, allowing simultaneous use with common dyes and fluorescent proteins. Sequential single-cell activation experiments in dense cellular environments demonstrate high spatial precision and utility in single- or multi-cell labeling experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai N Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (USA)
| | - David M Chenoweth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (USA).
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26
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Wong PT, Choi SK. Mechanisms of Drug Release in Nanotherapeutic Delivery Systems. Chem Rev 2015; 115:3388-432. [DOI: 10.1021/cr5004634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela T. Wong
- Michigan
Nanotechnology Institute
for Medicine and Biological Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Seok Ki Choi
- Michigan
Nanotechnology Institute
for Medicine and Biological Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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