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Mori H, Jinnai S, Hosoda Y, Muraoka A, Nakayama KI, Saeki A, Ie Y. A Dibenzo[g,p]chrysene-Based Organic Semiconductor with Small Exciton Binding Energy via Molecular Aggregation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202409964. [PMID: 38994550 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Exciton binding energy (Eb) is understood as the energy required to dissociate an exciton in free-charge carriers, and is known to be an important parameter in determining the performance of organic opto-electronic devices. However, the development of a molecular design to achieve a small level of Eb in the solid state continues to lag behind. Here, to investigate the relationship between aggregation and Eb, star-shaped π-conjugated compounds DBC-RD and TPE-RD were developed using dibenzo[g,p]chrysene (DBC) and tetraphenylethylene (TPE). Theoretical calculations and physical measurements in solution showed no apparent differences between DBC-RD and TPE-RD, indicating that these molecules possess similar properties on a single-molecule level. By contrast, pristine films incorporating these molecules showed significantly different levels of electron affinity, ionization potential, and optical gap. Also, DBC-RD had a smaller Eb value of 0.24 eV compared with that of TPE-RD (0.42 eV). However, these molecules showed similar Eb values under dispersed conditions, which suggested that the decreased Eb of DBC-RD in pristine film is induced by molecular aggregation. By comparison with TPE-RD, DBC-RD showed superior performances in single-component organic solar cells and organic photocatalysts. These results indicate that a molecular design suitable for aggregation is important to decrease the Eb in films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Mori
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University 8-1, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Seihou Jinnai
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University 8-1, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hosoda
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University 8-1, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Azusa Muraoka
- Department of Mathematics, Physics and Computer Science, Japan Women's University, 2-8-1, Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Nakayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akinori Saeki
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ie
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University 8-1, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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2
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Daniel TO, Rhyman L, Ramasami P. Exploring the Efficiency of C343 Coumarin Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Substituents. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:7795-7803. [PMID: 39234936 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c03300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Coumarin dyes are used in dye-sensitized solar cells due to their fluorescent nature and solar stability. However, coumarin dyes exhibit limited absorption of light in the visible region, making it essential to improve their performance in dye-sensitized water-splitting solar cells. The current study uses computational chemistry methods to investigate the light absorption capacity of a coumarin dye by altering the chromophoric system and applying an electric field. Eight novel dyes were considered from the reference coumarin C343 dye, and they were studied using DFT, TD-DFT, and a solar cell capacitance simulator. The absorption spectra of some of the substituted dyes show a redshift, indicating a decrease in the HOMO-LUMO gap, which is suitable for solar cell application. One of the derivatives was found to be most effective, with a band gap of 2.24 eV in the gas phase and 1.78 eV in water; a maximum absorption wavelength of 554 nm in the gas phase and 698 nm in water; a power conversion efficiency of 10.2% under standard AM 1.5 irradiation (100 mW cm-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- T O Daniel
- Computational Materials Science Unit, DOT Materials Science Research Group,Department of Physics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi 1010, Nigeria
- Computational Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius
| | - L Rhyman
- Computational Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius
- Centre of Natural Product Research, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - P Ramasami
- Computational Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius
- Centre of Natural Product Research, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
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3
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Huang S, Li Q, Li S, Li C, Tan H, Xie Y. Recent advances in the approaches for improving the photovoltaic performance of porphyrin-based DSSCs. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4521-4536. [PMID: 38592027 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc06299f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Among other photovoltaic techniques including perovskite solar cells and organic solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are considered to be a potential alternative to conventional silicon solar cells. Porphyrins are promising dyes with the properties of easy modification and superior light-harvesting capability. However, porphyrin dyes still suffer from a number of unfavorable aspects, which need to be addressed in order to improve the photovoltaic performance. This feature article briefly summarizes the recent progress in improving the Voc and Jsc of porphyrin-based DSSCs in terms of molecular engineering by modifying the porphyrin macrocycle, donor and acceptor moieties of the porphyrin dyes, coadsorption of the porphrin dyes with bulky coadsorbents like chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and cosensitization of the porphyrin dyes with metal-free organic dyes. Notably, concerted companion (CC) dyes are described in detail, which have been constructed by linking a porphyrin dye subunit and a metal-free organic dye subunit with flexible alkoxy chains to achieve panchromatic absorption and concerted enhancement of Voc and Jsc. In one sentence, this article is expected to provide further insights into the development of high performance DSSCs through the design and syntheses of efficient porphyrin dyes and CC dyes in combination with device optimization to achieve simultaneously elevated Voc and Jsc, which may inspire and promote further progress in the commercialization of the DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shucheng Huang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Qizhao Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Shijun Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Chengjie Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Haijun Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Yongshu Xie
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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4
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Neill JS, Boyle NM, Marques Passo T, Heintz K, Browne WR, Quilty B, Pryce MT. Photophysical and electrochemical properties of meso-tetrathien-2’-yl porphyrins compared to meso-tetraphenylporphyrin. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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5
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Gao S, Li Q, Baryshnikov G, Ågren H, Xie Y. Synthesis, characterization, and spectroscopic properties of 2‐(3,5,6‐trichloro‐1,4‐benzoquinon‐2‐yl)‐
neo‐fused
hexaphyrin. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai China
| | - Qizhao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai China
| | - Glib Baryshnikov
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology Linköping University Norrköping Sweden
| | - Hans Ågren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Yongshu Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai China
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Gao S, Li C, Baryshnikov G, Ågren H, Li Q, Xie Y. Syntheses of thiophene appended N-confused phlorin isomers. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424621500905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A doubly confused thiapentapyrrane NSP-5 was synthesized by acid-catalysed condensation. Subsequent oxidation with DDQ did not afford the expected thiasapphyrin-like product. Instead, two tetrapyrrolic macrocycles, i.e. neo-N-confused phlorin (1) and N-confused phlorin-II (2) were obtained in the yields of 14% and 18%, respectively. The compounds were characterized by NMR, HRMS, and X-ray diffraction analyses. Single crystal structures clearly reveal that the thienyl units are not embedded into the macrocycles, but appended as meso-substituents, and the C[Formula: see text]-N and C[Formula: see text]-C[Formula: see text] cyclization modes can be clearly revealed by the crystal structures of 1 and 2, respectively. The observation that the thienyl unit is not involved in oxidative cyclization may be related to the relatively low reactivity of the thiophene moiety compared with the more electron-rich pyrrole unit. These results indicate that oxidative cyclization of linear thiaoligopyrranes containing terminal thiophene units may be developed as an effective approach for synthesizing nonconjugated macrocycles like phlorin analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chengjie Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Glib Baryshnikov
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Nanomaterials Science, Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University, 18031, Cherkasy, Ukraine
| | - Hans Ågren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Qizhao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yongshu Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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Naik P, Keremane KS, Elmorsy MR, El‐Shafei A, Adhikari AV. Carbazole based organic dyes as effective photosensitizers: A comprehensive analysis of their structure‐property relationships. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Naik
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Karnataka Mangalore India
| | - Kavya S. Keremane
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Karnataka Mangalore India
| | - Mohamed R. Elmorsy
- Polymer and Color Chemistry Program North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt
| | - Ahmed El‐Shafei
- Polymer and Color Chemistry Program North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA
| | - Airody Vasudeva Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Karnataka Mangalore India
- Yenepoya Research Centre Yenepoya (deemed to be) University Deralakatte India
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8
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Tang Y, Liu X, Wang Y, Liu Q, Li X, Li C, Shen X, Xie Y. Solar cells sensitized by porphyrin dyes containing a substituted carbazole donor with synergistically extended absorption and suppressed the dye aggregation. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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9
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Chen Y, Zeng K, Li C, Liu X, Xie Y. A new type of multibenzyloxy-wrapped porphyrin sensitizers for developing efficient dye-sensitized solar cells. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424619501281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrin dyes have been widely used for the fabrication of efficient dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). However, dye aggregation and charge recombination still exert negative effects on photovoltaic performance, resulting in unsatisfactory power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). Herein, we report a new class of porphyrin sensitizers, XW52 and XW53 employing four benzyloxy groups to wrap the porphyrin cores. As a result, an efficiency of 7.6% was obtained for XW52, with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of 668 mV and 16.63 mA cm[Formula: see text], respectively. Compared with XW52, an additional 2,6-dialkoxyphenyl group has been introduced to the N-atom of the phenothiazine donor to furnish XW53 with the aim to further improve the anti-aggregation character and the solubility, and thus the [Formula: see text] was improved to 674 mV, and a higher efficiency of 7.9% was achieved for XW53. Upon cosensitization with PT-C6, the[Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] were synergistically enhanced to 727 mV and 18.67 mA cm[Formula: see text], respectively. As a result, a high efficiency of 9.6% was successfully achieved for the cosensitization system of XW53 + PT-C6. These results provide an effective novel strategy for designing efficient porphyrin dyes by introducing multiple benzyloxy groups to the meso-phenyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong 130, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Kaiwen Zeng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong 130, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chengjie Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong 130, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiujun Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong 130, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yongshu Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong 130, Shanghai 200237, China
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10
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Efficient solar cells based on cosensitizing porphyrin dyes containing a wrapped donor, a wrapped π-framework and a substituted benzothiadiazole unit. Sci China Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-019-9471-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Urbani M, Ragoussi ME, Nazeeruddin MK, Torres T. Phthalocyanines for dye-sensitized solar cells. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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12
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Lu J, Liu S, Wang M. Push-Pull Zinc Porphyrins as Light-Harvesters for Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Front Chem 2018; 6:541. [PMID: 30519554 PMCID: PMC6251255 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) has been attractive to scientific community due to its eco-friendliness, ease of fabrication, and vivid colorful property etc. Among various kinds of sensitizers, such as metal-free organic molecules, metal-complex, natural dyes etc., porphyrin is one of the most promising sensitizers for DSSC. The first application of porphyrin for sensitization of nanocrystaline TiO2 can be traced back to 1993 by using [tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrinato] zinc(II) with an overall conversion efficiency of 2.6%. After 10 years efforts, Officer and Grätzel improved this value to 7.1%. Later in 2009, by constructing porphyrin sensitizer with an arylamine as donor and a benzoic acid as acceptor, Diau and Yeh demonstrated that this donor-acceptor framwork porphyrins could attain remarkable photovoltaic performance. Now the highest efficiencies of DSSC are dominated by donor-acceptor porphyrins, reaching remarkable values around 13.0% with cobalt-based electrolytes. This achievement is largely contributed by the structural development of donor and acceptor groups within push-pull framwork. In this review, we summarized and discussed the developement of donor-acceptor porphyrin sensitizers and their applications in DSSC. A dicussion of the correlation between molecular structure and the spectral and photovoltaic properties is the major target of this review. Deeply dicussion of the substitution group, especially on porphyrin's meso-position were presented. Furthermore, the limitations of DSSC for commercialization, such as the long-term stability, sophisticated synthesis procedures for high efficiency dye etc., have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Lu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shuangshuang Liu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingkui Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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13
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Song H, Liu Q, Xie Y. Porphyrin-sensitized solar cells: systematic molecular optimization, coadsorption and cosensitization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:1811-1824. [PMID: 29372729 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09671b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
As a promising low-cost solar energy conversion technique, dye-sensitized solar cells have undergone spectacular development since 1991. For practical applications, improvement of power conversion efficiency has always been one of the major research topics. Porphyrins are outstanding sensitizers endowed with strong sunlight harvesting ability in the visible region and multiple reaction sites available for functionalization. However, judicious molecular design in consideration of light-harvest, energy levels, operational dynamics, adsorption geometry and suppression of back reactions is specifically required for achieving excellent photovoltaic performance. This feature article highlights some of the recently developed porphyrin sensitizers, especially focusing on the systematic dye structure optimization approach in combination with coadsorption and cosensitization methods in pursuing higher efficiencies. Herein, we expect to provide more insights into the structure-performance correlation and molecular engineering strategies in a stepwise manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heli Song
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Rd., Shanghai 200237, P. R. China.
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14
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Yang G, Tang Y, Li X, Ågren H, Xie Y. Efficient Solar Cells Based on Porphyrin Dyes with Flexible Chains Attached to the Auxiliary Benzothiadiazole Acceptor: Suppression of Dye Aggregation and the Effect of Distortion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:36875-36885. [PMID: 28972788 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b12066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Donor-π-acceptor-type porphyrin dyes have been widely used for the fabrication of efficient dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) owing to their strong absorption in the visible region and the ease of modifying their chemical structures and photovoltaic behavior. On the basis of our previously reported efficient porphyrin dye XW11, which contains a phenothiazine-based electron donor, a π-extending ethynylene unit, and an auxiliary benzothiadiazole acceptor, we herein report the syntheses of novel porphyrin dyes XW26-XW28 by introducing one or two alkyl/alkoxy chains into the auxiliary acceptor. The introduced chains can effectively suppress dye aggregation. As a result, XW26-XW28 show excellent photovoltages of 700, 701, and 711 mV, respectively, obviously higher than 645 mV obtained for XW11. Nevertheless, the optimized structures of XW26 and XW27 exhibit severe distortion, showing large dihedral angles of 57.2° and 44.0°, respectively, between the benzothiadiazole and benzoic acid units, resulting from the steric hindrance between the benzoic acid unit and the neighboring alkyl/alkoxy chain on the benzothiadiazole unit, and thus blue-shifted absorption, decreased photocurrents. and low efficiencies of 5.19% and 6.42% were observed for XW26 and XW27, respectively. Interestingly, XW26 exhibits a more blue-shifted absorption spectrum relative to XW27, indicating that the steric hindrance of the alkyl/alkoxy chains has a more pronounced effect than the electronic effect. Different from XW26 and XW27, XW28 contains only one alkyl chain neighboring the ethynylene unit, which does not induce obvious steric hindrance with the benzoic acid unit, and thus distortion of the molecule is not seriously aggravated compared with XW11. Hence, its absorption spectrum and photocurrent are similar to those of XW11. As a result, a higher efficiency of 9.12% was achieved for XW28 because of its suppressed dye aggregation and higher photovoltage. It is worth noting that a high efficiency of 10.14% was successfully achieved for XW28 upon coadsorption with CDCA, which is also higher than the corresponding efficiency obtained for XW11. These results provide a novel approach for developing efficient porphyrin dyes by introducing chains into the suitable position of the auxiliary benzothiadiazolyl moiety to suppress dye aggregation, without seriously aggravating distortion of the dye molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosheng Yang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yunyu Tang
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Fisheries Academy of Fishery Science , 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200090, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Ågren
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yongshu Xie
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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15
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Molecular design and theoretical investigation of new metal-free heteroaromatic dyes with D-π-A architecture as photosensitizers for DSSC application. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Zhang X, Jia Y, Zhao D, Gou F, Gao H, Xu C, Chen F, Zhu Z, Jing H. Substituted and Anchoring Groups Improve the Efficiency of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Yongjian Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Dongning Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Faliang Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Hong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Cailing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Fengjuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Zhenping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion; Institute of Coal Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China
| | - Huanwang Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion; Institute of Coal Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China
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17
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Hosseinzadeh B, Beni AS, Azari M, Zarandi M, Karami M. Novel D–π–A type triphenylamine based chromogens for DSSC: design, synthesis and performance studies. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj01314g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The application of two novel anchoring groups, 2,4-thiazolidinedione/hydantoin, in the design of sensitizers can affect the performance of DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Masoumeh Azari
- Chemistry Department
- Yasouj University
- Yasouj 75918-74831
- Iran
| | - Maryam Zarandi
- Chemistry Department
- Yasouj University
- Yasouj 75918-74831
- Iran
| | - Marzeih Karami
- Chemistry Department
- Yasouj University
- Yasouj 75918-74831
- Iran
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18
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Tang Y, Wang Y, Li X, Ågren H, Zhu WH, Xie Y. Porphyrins Containing a Triphenylamine Donor and up to Eight Alkoxy Chains for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: A High Efficiency of 10.9%. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:27976-27985. [PMID: 26606858 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b10624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Porphyrins are promising DSSC sensitizers due to their structural similarity to chlorophylls as well as their tunable strong absorption. Herein, a novel D-π-A porphyrin dye XW14 containing a strongly electron-donating triphenylamine moiety as the electron donor was designed and synthesized. To avoid undesirably decreased Voc caused by dye aggregation effect, two methoxy or hexyloxy chains were introduced to the para positions of the triphenylamine moiety to afford XW15 and XW16, respectively. To further extend the absorption to a longer wavelength, a benzothiadiazole unit was introduced as an auxiliary acceptor to furnish XW17. Compared with XW14, the introduction of additional methoxy or hexyloxy groups in XW15 and XW16 red-shift the onset wavelengths from 760 to 780 and 790 nm, respectively. More impressively, XW17 has a more extended π-conjugation framework, and thus, it exhibits a much broader IPCE spectrum with an extremely red-shifted onset wavelength of 830 nm, resulting in the highest Jsc (18.79 mA cm(-2)). On the other hand, the hexyloxy chains are favorable for suppressing the dye aggregation effect, and thus XW16 shows the highest Voc of 734 mV. As a result, XW16 and XW17 demonstrate photovoltaic efficiencies of 9.1 and 9.5%, respectively, higher than those of XW14 (8.6%) and XW15 (8.7%), and obviously higher than that of 7.94% for our previously reported dye, XW4. On the basis of optimized porphyrin dye XW17, we used a nonporphyrin dye with a high Voc and strong absorption around 500 nm (WS-5) as the cosensitizer to improve the Voc from 700 to 748 mV, with synergistical Jsc enhancement from 18.79 to 20.30 mA cm(-2). Thus, the efficiency was dramatically enhanced to 10.9%, which is among the highest efficiencies obtained for the DSSCs based on traditional iodine electrolyte. In addition, the DSSCs based on XW17 + WS-5 exhibit good photostability, which is beneficial for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyu Tang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Ågren
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wei-Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongshu Xie
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
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19
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Wei T, Sun X, Li X, Ågren H, Xie Y. Systematic Investigations on the Roles of the Electron Acceptor and Neighboring Ethynylene Moiety in Porphyrins for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:21956-21965. [PMID: 26355437 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cyanoacrylic and carboxyl groups have been developed as the most extensively used electron acceptor and anchoring group for the design of sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells. In terms of the photoelectric conversion efficiency, each of them has been demonstrated to be superior to the other one in certain cases. Herein, to further understand the effect of these two groups on cell efficiencies, a series of porphyrin sensitizers were designed and synthesized, with the acceptors systematically varied, and the effect of the neighboring ethynylene unit was also investigated. Compared with the sensitizer XW5 which contains a carboxyphenyl anchoring moiety directly linked to the meso-position of the porphyrin framework, the separate introduction of a strongly electron-withdrawing cyanoacrylic acid as the anchoring group or the insertion of an ethynylene unit can achieve broadened light absorption and IPCE response, resulting in higher Jsc and higher efficiency. Thus, compared with the efficiency of 4.77% for XW5, dyes XW1 and XW6 exhibit higher efficiencies of 7.09% and 5.92%, respectively. Simultaneous introduction of the cyanoacrylic acid and the ethynylene units into XW7 can further broaden light absorption and thus further improve the Jsc. However, XW7 exhibits the lowest Voc value, which is not only related to the floppy structure of the cyanoacrylic group but also related to the aggravated dye aggregation effect due to the extended framework. As a result, XW7 exhibits a relatively low efficiency of 5.75%. These results indicate that the combination of the ethynylene and cyanoacrylic groups is an unsuccessful approach. To address this problem, a cyano substituent was introduced to XW8 at the ortho position of the carboxyl group in the carboxyphenyl acceptor. Thus, XW8 exhibits the highest efficiency of 7.59% among these dyes. Further cosensitization of XW8 with XS3 dramatically improved the efficiency to 9.31%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Wei
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xi Sun
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Ågren
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yongshu Xie
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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20
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Modulation of photovoltaic behavior of dye-sensitized solar cells by electron donors of porphyrin dyes and cosensitization. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2015.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Charisiadis A, Stangel C, Nikolaou V, Roy MS, Sharma GD, Coutsolelos AG. A supramolecular assembling of zinc porphyrin with a π-conjugated oligo(phenylenevinylene) (oPPV) molecular wire for dye sensitized solar cell. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16394c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel π-conjugated oligo(phenylenevinylene) (oPPV) (or LC) was prepared, as a new organic dye for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC), which contains a cyanoacrylic acid group on one end and a pyridyl group on the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asterios Charisiadis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Crete
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry
- 71003 Heraklion
- Greece
| | - Christina Stangel
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Crete
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry
- 71003 Heraklion
- Greece
| | - Vasilis Nikolaou
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Crete
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry
- 71003 Heraklion
- Greece
| | | | - Ganesh D. Sharma
- R & D Centre for Engineering and Science
- JEC Group of Colleges
- Jaipur Engineering College Campus
- Jaipur
- India
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22
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Urbani M, Grätzel M, Nazeeruddin MK, Torres T. Meso-substituted porphyrins for dye-sensitized solar cells. Chem Rev 2014; 114:12330-96. [PMID: 25495339 DOI: 10.1021/cr5001964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 537] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxence Urbani
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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23
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Takemoto K, Kimura M. Low band gap disk-shaped donors for solution-processed organic solar cells. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10347e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Performance of pyrene-cored donors in BHJ solar cells is enhanced by introduction of rhodanine due to expansion of the light-harvesting area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Takemoto
- Division of Chemistry and Materials
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology
- Shinshu University
- Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Kimura
- Division of Chemistry and Materials
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology
- Shinshu University
- Ueda 386-8567, Japan
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