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Zhang Z, Yu C, Wu Y, Wang Z, Xu H, Yan Y, Zhan Z, Yin S. Semiconducting polymer dots for multifunctional integrated nanomedicine carriers. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101028. [PMID: 38590985 PMCID: PMC11000120 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The expansion applications of semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) among optical nanomaterial field have long posed a challenge for researchers, promoting their intelligent application in multifunctional nano-imaging systems and integrated nanomedicine carriers for diagnosis and treatment. Despite notable progress, several inadequacies still persist in the field of Pdots, including the development of simplified near-infrared (NIR) optical nanoprobes, elucidation of their inherent biological behavior, and integration of information processing and nanotechnology into biomedical applications. This review aims to comprehensively elucidate the current status of Pdots as a classical nanophotonic material by discussing its advantages and limitations in terms of biocompatibility, adaptability to microenvironments in vivo, etc. Multifunctional integration and surface chemistry play crucial roles in realizing the intelligent application of Pdots. Information visualization based on their optical and physicochemical properties is pivotal for achieving detection, sensing, and labeling probes. Therefore, we have refined the underlying mechanisms and constructed multiple comprehensive original mechanism summaries to establish a benchmark. Additionally, we have explored the cross-linking interactions between Pdots and nanomedicine, potential yet complete biological metabolic pathways, future research directions, and innovative solutions for integrating diagnosis and treatment strategies. This review presents the possible expectations and valuable insights for advancing Pdots, specifically from chemical, medical, and photophysical practitioners' standpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery II, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Chenhao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Yuyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Haotian Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China
| | - Yining Yan
- Department of Radiology, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China
| | - Zhixin Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Shengyan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
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Deng S, Li L, Zhang J, Wang Y, Huang Z, Chen H. Semiconducting Polymer Dots for Point-of-Care Biosensing and In Vivo Bioimaging: A Concise Review. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13010137. [PMID: 36671972 PMCID: PMC9855952 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) have attracted much attention due to their excellent photophysical properties and applicability, such as large absorption cross section, high brightness, tunable fluorescence emission, excellent photostability, good biocompatibility, facile modification and regulation. Therefore, Pdots have been widely used in various types of sensing and imaging in biological medicine. More importantly, the recent development of Pdots for point-of-care biosensing and in vivo imaging has emerged as a promising class of optical diagnostic technologies for clinical applications. In this review, we briefly outline strategies for the preparation and modification of Pdots and summarize the recent progress in the development of Pdots-based optical probes for analytical detection and biomedical imaging. Finally, challenges and future developments of Pdots for biomedical applications are given.
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3
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Li J, Zhu L, Kwok HF. Nanotechnology-based approaches overcome lung cancer drug resistance through diagnosis and treatment. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 66:100904. [PMID: 36462375 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer continues to be a malignant tumor with high mortality. Two obstacles interfere with curative therapy of lung cancer: (i) poor diagnosis at the early stages, as symptoms are not specific or asymptomatic; and (ii) invariably emerging drug resistance after treatment. Some factors contributing to drug resistance include preexisting genetic/genomic drug-resistant alteration(s); activation of adaptive drug resistance pathways; remodeling of the tumor microenvironment; and pharmacological mechanisms or activation of drug efflux pumps. Despite the mechanisms explored to better understand drug resistance, a gap remains between molecular understanding and clinical application. Therefore, facilitating the translation of basic science into the clinical setting is a great challenge. Nanomedicine has emerged as a promising tool for cancer treatment. Because of their excellent physicochemical properties and enhanced permeability and retention effects, nanoparticles have great potential to revolutionize conventional lung cancer diagnosis and combat drug resistance. Nanoplatforms can be designed as carriers to improve treatment efficacy and deliver multiple drugs in one system, facilitating combination treatment to overcome drug resistance. In this review, we describe the difficulties in lung cancer treatment and review recent research progress on nanoplatforms aimed at early diagnosis and lung cancer treatment. Finally, future perspectives and challenges of nanomedicine are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Li
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Lipeng Zhu
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR; MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR.
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Adhikari C. Polymer nanoparticles-preparations, applications and future insights: a concise review. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2021.1939715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Adhikari
- School of Basic Science and Humanities, Institute of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, India
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Sun J, Zhang Q, Dai X, Ling P, Gao F. Engineering fluorescent semiconducting polymer nanoparticles for biological applications and beyond. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:1989-2004. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07182j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We summarize the recent advances in engineering approaches to obtain functionalized semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) for biological applications. The challenges and outlook of fabricating functionalized SPNs are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyong Sun
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
- Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging (LOBAB)
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
- Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging (LOBAB)
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
| | - Xiaomei Dai
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
- Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging (LOBAB)
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
| | - Pinghua Ling
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
- Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging (LOBAB)
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
| | - Feng Gao
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
- Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging (LOBAB)
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
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Mohammadinejad R, Ashrafizadeh M, Pardakhty A, Uzieliene I, Denkovskij J, Bernotiene E, Janssen L, Lorite GS, Saarakkala S, Mobasheri A. Nanotechnological Strategies for Osteoarthritis Diagnosis, Monitoring, Clinical Management, and Regenerative Medicine: Recent Advances and Future Opportunities. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2020; 22:12. [PMID: 32248371 PMCID: PMC7128005 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-020-0884-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review article, we discuss the potential for employing nanotechnological strategies for the diagnosis, monitoring, and clinical management of osteoarthritis (OA) and explore how nanotechnology is being integrated rapidly into regenerative medicine for OA and related osteoarticular disorders. RECENT FINDINGS We review recent advances in this rapidly emerging field and discuss future opportunities for innovations in enhanced diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of OA and other osteoarticular disorders, the smart delivery of drugs and biological agents, and the development of biomimetic regenerative platforms to support cell and gene therapies for arresting OA and promoting cartilage and bone repair. Nanotubes, magnetic nanoparticles, and other nanotechnology-based drug and gene delivery systems may be used for targeting molecular pathways and pathogenic mechanisms involved in OA development. Nanocomposites are also being explored as potential tools for promoting cartilage repair. Nanotechnology platforms may be combined with cell, gene, and biological therapies for the development of a new generation of future OA therapeutics. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Pardakhty
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ilona Uzieliene
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu 5, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jaroslav Denkovskij
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu 5, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Eiva Bernotiene
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu 5, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Lauriane Janssen
- Microelectronics Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, PL 4500, 3FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Gabriela S Lorite
- Microelectronics Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, PL 4500, 3FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Simo Saarakkala
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu 5, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania.
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Versus Arthritis, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
- Sheik Salem Bin Mahfouz Scientific Chair for Treatment of Osteoarthritis with Stem Cells, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Orthopedics and Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, 508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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7
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He Z, Jiang R, Long W, Huang H, Liu M, Feng Y, Zhou N, Ouyang H, Zhang X, Wei Y. Red aggregation-induced emission luminogen and Gd 3+ codoped mesoporous silica nanoparticles as dual-mode probes for fluorescent and magnetic resonance imaging. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 567:136-144. [PMID: 32045735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence imaging and magnetic resonance imaging have been research hotspots for adjuvant therapy and diagnosis. However, traditional fluorescent probes or contrast agents possess insurmountable weaknesses. In this work, we reported the preparation of dual-mode probes based on mesoporous silica nanomaterials (MSNs), which were doped with an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) dye and Gd3+ through a direct sol-gel method. In this system, the obtained materials emitted strong red fluorescence, in which the maximum emission wavelength was located at 669 nm, and could be applied as effective fluorescence probes for fluorescence microscopy imaging. Furthermore, the introduction of Gd3+ made the nanoparticles effective contrast agents when applied in contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging because they could improve the contrast of MR imaging. The excellent biocompatibility of these nanoparticles, as demonstrated via a typical CCK-8 assay, and their performance in fluorescence cell imaging and MR imaging shows their potential for applications in biomedical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Ruming Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Wei Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China; Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Hongye Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Meiying Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Yulin Feng
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Naigen Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.
| | - Yen Wei
- Department of Chemistry and the Tsinghua Center for Frontier Polymer Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanotechnology and Institute of Biomedical Technology, Chung-Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan.
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8
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Neumann PR, Crossley DL, Turner M, Ingleson M, Green M, Rao J, Dailey LA. In Vivo Optical Performance of a New Class of Near-Infrared-Emitting Conjugated Polymers: Borylated PF8-BT. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:46525-46535. [PMID: 31746180 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Borylated poly(fluorene-benzothiadiazoles) (PF8-BT) are π-conjugated polymers (CPs) with deep-red/near-infrared (NIR) absorption and emission profiles suitable for in vivo optical imaging. A fully borylated PF8-BT derivative (P4) was encapsulated in pegylated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PEG-PLGA) nanoparticles and compared with a reference NIR-emitting CP (PCPDTBT) or indocyanine green (ICG). All formulations satisfied quality requirements for parenterally administered diagnostics. P4 nanoparticles had higher quantum yield (2.3%) than PCPCDTBT (0.01%) or ICG nanoparticles (1.1%). The signal/background ratios (SBRs) of CP systems P4 and PCPDTBT in a phantom mouse (λem = 820 nm) increased linearly with fluorophore mass (12.5-100 μg/mL), while the SBRs of ICG decreased above 25 μg/mL. P4 nanoparticles experienced <10% photobleaching over 10 irradiations (PCPDTBT: ∼25% and ICG: >44%). In a mouse tumor xenograft model, P4 nanoparticles showed a 5-fold higher SBR than PCPDTBT particles with fluorophore accumulation in the liver > spleen > tumor. Blood chemistry and tissue histology showed no abnormalities compared to untreated animals after a single administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Robert Neumann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics , Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg , Halle/Saale 06120 , Germany
| | - Daniel L Crossley
- Department of Chemical Sciences , University of Huddersfield , Huddersfield HD1 3DH , U.K
| | - Michael Turner
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL , U.K
| | - Michael Ingleson
- School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH9 3FJ , U.K
| | - Mark Green
- Department of Physics , King's College London , London WC2R 2LS , U.K
| | - Jianghong Rao
- Department of Radiology and Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Lea Ann Dailey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics , Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg , Halle/Saale 06120 , Germany
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Future perspectives of nanoparticle-based contrast agents for cardiac magnetic resonance in myocardial infarction. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 17:329-341. [PMID: 30802547 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR), thanks to high spatial resolution and absence of ionizing radiation, has been widely used in myocardial infarction (MI) assessment to evaluate cardiac structure, function, perfusion and viability. Nevertheless, it suffers from limitations in tissue and assessment of myocardial pathophysiological changes subsequent to MI. In this issue, nanoparticle-based contrast agents offer the possibility to track biological processes at cellular and molecular level underlying the various phases of MI, infarct healing and tissue repair. In this paper, first we examine the conventional CMR protocol and its findings in MI patients. Next, we looked at how nanoparticles can help in the imaging of MI and give an overview of the major approaches currently explored. Based on the presentation of successful nanoparticle applications as contrast agents (CAs) in preclinical and clinical models, we discuss promises and outstanding challenges facing the field of CMR in MI, their translational potential and clinical application.
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10
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Nanotechnology in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 198:189-205. [PMID: 30796927 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is an umbrella term for a subset of heterogeneous diseases that are collectively responsible for the most cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite the tremendous progress made in understanding lung tumour biology, advances in early diagnosis, multimodal therapy and deciphering molecular mechanisms of drug resistance, overall curative outcomes remain low, especially in metastatic disease. Nanotechnology, in particular nanoparticles (NPs), continue to progressively impact the way by which tumours are diagnosed and treated. The unique physicochemical properties of materials at the nanoscale grant access to a diverse molecular toolkit that can be manipulated for use in respiratory oncology. This realisation has resulted in several clinically approved NP formulations and many more in clinical trials. However, NPs are not a panacea and have yet to be utilised to maximal effect in lung cancer, and medicine in a wider context. This review serves to: describe the complexity of lung cancer, the current diagnostic and therapeutic environment, and highlight the recent advancements of nanotechnology based approaches in diagnosis and treatment of respiratory malignancies. Finally, a brief outlook on the future directions of nanomedicine is provided; presently the full potential of the field is yet to be realised. By gleaning lessons and integrating advancements from neighbouring disciplines, nanomedicine can be elevated to a position where the current barriers that stymie full clinical impact are lifted.
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d’Amora M, Rodio M, Sancataldo G, Diaspro A, Intartaglia R. Laser-Fabricated Fluorescent, Ligand-Free Silicon Nanoparticles: Scale-up, Biosafety, and 3D Live Imaging of Zebrafish under Development. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 2:321-329. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta d’Amora
- Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa 16163, Italy
| | - Marina Rodio
- Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Physical Chemistry, Hamburg University, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, Hamburg 20146, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Sancataldo
- Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa 16163, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50121, Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa 16163, Italy
| | - Romuald Intartaglia
- Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa 16163, Italy
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12
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Facile marriage of Gd3+ to polymer-coated carbon nanodots with enhanced biocompatibility for targeted MR/fluorescence imaging of glioma. Int J Pharm 2018; 552:84-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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13
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14
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Creamer A, Wood CS, Howes PD, Casey A, Cong S, Marsh AV, Godin R, Panidi J, Anthopoulos TD, Burgess CH, Wu T, Fei Z, Hamilton I, McLachlan MA, Stevens MM, Heeney M. Post-polymerisation functionalisation of conjugated polymer backbones and its application in multi-functional emissive nanoparticles. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3237. [PMID: 30104597 PMCID: PMC6089984 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05381-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Backbone functionalisation of conjugated polymers is crucial to their performance in many applications, from electronic displays to nanoparticle biosensors, yet there are limited approaches to introduce functionality. To address this challenge we have developed a method for the direct modification of the aromatic backbone of a conjugated polymer, post-polymerisation. This is achieved via a quantitative nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reaction on a range of fluorinated electron-deficient comonomers. The method allows for facile tuning of the physical and optoelectronic properties within a batch of consistent molecular weight and dispersity. It also enables the introduction of multiple different functional groups onto the polymer backbone in a controlled manner. To demonstrate the versatility of this reaction, we designed and synthesised a range of emissive poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT)-based polymers for the creation of mono and multifunctional semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) capable of two orthogonal bioconjugation reactions on the same surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Creamer
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Christopher S Wood
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Philip D Howes
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Abby Casey
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Shengyu Cong
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Adam V Marsh
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Robert Godin
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Julianna Panidi
- Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Thomas D Anthopoulos
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Claire H Burgess
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Tingman Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Zhuping Fei
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Iain Hamilton
- Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Martin Heeney
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
- Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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15
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Lux J, Sherry AD. Advances in gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent designs for monitoring biological processes in vivo. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2018; 45:121-130. [PMID: 29751253 PMCID: PMC6076858 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The gadolinium-based contrast agents widely used in diagnostic MRI exams for 30 years are all small molecule agents that distribute into all extracellular spaces in tissues without providing any specific biological information. Although many 'responsive agent' designs have been presented over the past 20 years or so, none have found use in clinical diagnostic medicine at this point. This review summarizes some recent approaches taken to enhance the sensitivity of such gadolinium-based agents, to target them to specific tissue components, and to create new systems for monitoring specific biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Lux
- Department of Radiology and the Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, United States
| | - A Dean Sherry
- Department of Radiology and the Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, United States.
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16
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Urbano L, Clifton L, Ku HK, Kendall-Troughton H, Vandera KKA, Matarese BFE, Abelha T, Li P, Desai T, Dreiss CA, Barker RD, Green MA, Dailey LA, Harvey RD. Influence of the Surfactant Structure on Photoluminescent π-Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles: Interfacial Properties and Protein Binding. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:6125-6137. [PMID: 29726688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
π-Conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) are under investigation as photoluminescent agents for diagnostics and bioimaging. To determine whether the choice of surfactant can improve CPN properties and prevent protein adsorption, five nonionic polyethylene glycol alkyl ether surfactants were used to produce CPNs from three representative π-conjugated polymers. The surfactant structure did not influence size or yield, which was dependent on the nature of the conjugated polymer. Hydrophobic interaction chromatography, contact angle, quartz crystal microbalance, and neutron reflectivity studies were used to assess the affinity of the surfactant to the conjugated polymer surface and indicated that all surfactants were displaced by the addition of a model serum protein. In summary, CPN preparation methods which rely on surface coating of a conjugated polymer core with amphiphilic surfactants may produce systems with good yields and colloidal stability in vitro, but may be susceptible to significant surface alterations in physiological fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Urbano
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences , King's College London , 150 Stamford Street , London SE1 9NH , U.K
| | - Luke Clifton
- ISIS Spallation Neutron Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot , Oxfordshire OX11 0QX , U.K
| | - Hoi Ki Ku
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences , King's College London , 150 Stamford Street , London SE1 9NH , U.K
| | - Hannah Kendall-Troughton
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences , King's College London , 150 Stamford Street , London SE1 9NH , U.K
| | - Kalliopi-Kelli A Vandera
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences , King's College London , 150 Stamford Street , London SE1 9NH , U.K
| | - Bruno F E Matarese
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| | - Thais Abelha
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences , King's College London , 150 Stamford Street , London SE1 9NH , U.K
| | - Peixun Li
- ISIS Spallation Neutron Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot , Oxfordshire OX11 0QX , U.K
| | - Tejal Desai
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences , University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco , California 94158 , United States
| | - Cécile A Dreiss
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences , King's College London , 150 Stamford Street , London SE1 9NH , U.K
| | - Robert D Barker
- School of Physical Sciences , University of Kent , Canterbury , Kent CT2 7NH , U.K
| | - Mark A Green
- Department of Physics , King's College London , Strand Campus , London WC2R 2LS , U.K
| | - Lea Ann Dailey
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie und Biopharmazie , Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg , Halle 06120 , Germany
| | - Richard D Harvey
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie und Biopharmazie , Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg , Halle 06120 , Germany
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17
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Hou M, Lu X, Zhang Z, Xia Q, Yan C, Yu Z, Xu Y, Liu R. Conjugated Polymer Containing Organic Radical for Optical/MR Dual-Modality Bioimaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:44316-44323. [PMID: 29199819 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b15052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Optical/MRI bimodal probes have attracted much attention due to palmary soft tissue resolution and high imaging sensitivity. In this study, poly[fluorene-co-alt-p-phenylene] containing organic radical (PFP-TEMPO+) is successfully developed for optical and MRI dual-modality bioimaging. PFP-TEMPO+ displays advanced properties such as fluorescence emission, high photostablilty, reasonable T1 relaxation effect, low cytotoxicity, and good biocompatibility. Moreover, the ability of PFP-TEMPO+ for tumor tissues imaging confirms that it could be used as an optical and MRI imaging probe for in vivo imaging. The results of the present work disclose the potential applications of PFP-TEMPO+ as an optical and MRI contrast agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meirong Hou
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, ‡Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, and §School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Lu
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, ‡Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, and §School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhide Zhang
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, ‡Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, and §School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Xia
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, ‡Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, and §School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenggong Yan
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, ‡Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, and §School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, ‡Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, and §School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Yikai Xu
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, ‡Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, and §School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiyuan Liu
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, ‡Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, and §School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
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18
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Multimodal Imaging Nanoparticles Derived from Hyaluronic Acid for Integrated Preoperative and Intraoperative Cancer Imaging. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2017; 2017:9616791. [PMID: 29097944 PMCID: PMC5612698 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9616791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Surgical resection remains the most promising treatment strategy for many types of cancer. Residual malignant tissue after surgery, a consequence in part due to positive margins, contributes to high mortality and disease recurrence. In this study, multimodal contrast agents for integrated preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intraoperative fluorescence image-guided surgery (FIGS) are developed. Self-assembled multimodal imaging nanoparticles (SAMINs) were developed as a mixed micelle formulation using amphiphilic HA polymers functionalized with either GdDTPA for T1 contrast-enhanced MRI or Cy7.5, a near infrared fluorophore. To evaluate the relationship between MR and fluorescence signal from SAMINs, we employed simulated surgical phantoms that are routinely used to evaluate the depth at which near infrared (NIR) imaging agents can be detected by FIGS. Finally, imaging agent efficacy was evaluated in a human breast tumor xenograft model in nude mice, which demonstrated contrast in both fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging.
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19
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Abelha TF, Phillips TW, Bannock JH, Nightingale AM, Dreiss CA, Kemal E, Urbano L, deMello JC, Green M, Dailey LA. Bright conjugated polymer nanoparticles containing a biodegradable shell produced at high yields and with tuneable optical properties by a scalable microfluidic device. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:2009-2019. [PMID: 28106200 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr09162h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study compares the performance of a microfluidic technique and a conventional bulk method to manufacture conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) embedded within a biodegradable poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether-block-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG5K-PLGA55K) matrix. The influence of PEG5K-PLGA55K and conjugated polymers cyano-substituted poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (CN-PPV) and poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT) on the physicochemical properties of the CPNs was also evaluated. Both techniques enabled CPN production with high end product yields (∼70-95%). However, while the bulk technique (solvent displacement) under optimal conditions generated small nanoparticles (∼70-100 nm) with similar optical properties (quantum yields ∼35%), the microfluidic approach produced larger CPNs (140-260 nm) with significantly superior quantum yields (49-55%) and tailored emission spectra. CPNs containing CN-PPV showed smaller size distributions and tuneable emission spectra compared to F8BT systems prepared under the same conditions. The presence of PEG5K-PLGA55K did not affect the size or optical properties of the CPNs and provided a neutral net electric charge as is often required for biomedical applications. The microfluidics flow-based device was successfully used for the continuous preparation of CPNs over a 24 hour period. On the basis of the results presented here, it can be concluded that the microfluidic device used in this study can be used to optimize the production of bright CPNs with tailored properties with good reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- T F Abelha
- King's College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Waterloo Campus, SE1 9NH, London, UK
| | - T W Phillips
- Imperial College London, Department of Chemistry, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - J H Bannock
- Imperial College London, Department of Chemistry, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - A M Nightingale
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - C A Dreiss
- King's College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Waterloo Campus, SE1 9NH, London, UK
| | - E Kemal
- King's College London, Department of Physics, Strand Campus, WC2R 2LS, London, UK.
| | - L Urbano
- King's College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Waterloo Campus, SE1 9NH, London, UK
| | - J C deMello
- Imperial College London, Department of Chemistry, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - M Green
- King's College London, Department of Physics, Strand Campus, WC2R 2LS, London, UK.
| | - L A Dailey
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie und Biopharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
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20
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Yu J, Rong Y, Kuo CT, Zhou XH, Chiu DT. Recent Advances in the Development of Highly Luminescent Semiconducting Polymer Dots and Nanoparticles for Biological Imaging and Medicine. Anal Chem 2017; 89:42-56. [PMID: 28105818 PMCID: PMC5682631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbo Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Yu Rong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Chun-Ting Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Xing-Hua Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Daniel T. Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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21
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Gedda G, Chen GR, Yao YY, Girma WM, Li JD, Yen CL, Ling YC, Chang JY. Aqueous synthesis of dual-targeting Gd-doped CuInS2/ZnS quantum dots for cancer-specific bi-modal imaging. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj02252b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CIGS/ZnS@FA|APBA q-dots were synthesized in an aqueous phase; these quantum dots exhibited great potential as dual-modal nanoprobes for optical/MR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangaraju Gedda
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- 43, Section 4
- Taipei
- Republic of China
| | - Guan-Rong Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- 43, Section 4
- Taipei
- Republic of China
| | - Yueh-Yun Yao
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Republic of China
| | - Wubshet Mekonnen Girma
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- 43, Section 4
- Taipei
- Republic of China
| | - Jyun-Dong Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- 43, Section 4
- Taipei
- Republic of China
| | - Chia-Liang Yen
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Republic of China
| | - Yong-Chien Ling
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Republic of China
| | - Jia-Yaw Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- 43, Section 4
- Taipei
- Republic of China
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22
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Hashim Z, Alomari S, Alghamdi W, Altuwirqi R, Green M. Optically observed multiple inter-chain interactions in polyblend semiconducting polymer nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07665g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tunable nanoparticle photoluminescence was observed in nanoparticles formed from a polyblend of F8BT, MEH-PPV, and CN-PPV. This phenomena was attributed to direct and indirect inter-chain interactions between the polymers within each nanoparticle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Hashim
- Department of Physics
- Faculty of Sciences
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah
- Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Alomari
- Department of Physics
- Faculty of Sciences
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah
- Saudi Arabia
| | - W. Alghamdi
- Department of Physics
- Faculty of Sciences
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah
- Saudi Arabia
| | - R. Altuwirqi
- Department of Physics
- Faculty of Sciences
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah
- Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Green
- Department of Physics
- King's College London
- London
- UK
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23
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Zhang S, Zheng Y, Yin S, Sun J, Li B, Wu L. A Dendritic Supramolecular Complex as Uniform Hybrid Micelle with Dual Structure for Bimodal In Vivo Imaging. Chemistry 2016; 23:2802-2810. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials; College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Yanmei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials; College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Shengyan Yin
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics; College of Electronic Science and Engineering; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Jingzhi Sun
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of the Ministry of Education of China; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Bao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials; College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Lixin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials; College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 P. R. China
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24
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Yan L, Shen L, Zhou H, Wu C, Zhao Y, Wang L, Fang X, Zhang G, Xu J, Yang W. Combination of the fluorescent conjugated polymer and 1, 4, 7, 10- tetraazacyclododecane-1, 4, 7-triacetic acid gadolinium chelate as an agent for dual-modal imaging. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Cui L, Rao J. Semiconducting polymer nanoparticles as photoacoustic molecular imaging probes. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 9. [PMID: 27346564 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging class of optical nanomaterials, semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) are highly photostable, optically active and versatile in chemistry; these properties make them attractive as molecular imaging agents to enable imaging of biological events and functionalities at multiple scales. More recently, a variety of SPNs have been found to exhibit high photoacoustic properties, and further empowered photoacoustic imaging for contrast enhanced in vivo molecular imaging. Target-sensitive components can be incorporated in the SPNs to create activatable imaging probes to sense and monitor the target dynamics in living objects. Intrinsically biophotonic and biocompatible, SPNs can be further engineered for multimodal imaging and for real-time imaging of drug delivery. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1418. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1418 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Cui
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jianghong Rao
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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26
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Kim EJ, Bhuniya S, Lee H, Kim HM, Shin WS, Kim JS, Hong KS. In Vivo Tracking of Phagocytic Immune Cells Using a Dual Imaging Probe with Gadolinium-Enhanced MRI and Near-Infrared Fluorescence. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:10266-10273. [PMID: 27058603 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel dual imaging probe for in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical imaging was developed by combining gadolinium (Gd)-chelating MR probe and a near-infrared (NIR) fluorophore, aza-BODIPY (AB; BODIPY = boron-dipyrromethene). This aza-BODIPY-based bimodal contrast agent (AB-BCA) showed a significant fluorescence emission around the NIR range and an enhanced longitudinal relaxivity in MR modality. The probe was easily delivered to phagocytic cells of the innate immune system, together with macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), and presented high-performance fluorescence and MR imaging without obvious cytotoxicity. For in vivo visualization of AB-BCA using MRI and optical imaging, bone marrow-derived DCs were labeled and injected into the footpad of mice, and labeled DCs were tracked in vivo. We observed the migration of AB-BCA-labeled DCs into the lymph nodes via lymphatic vessels using NIR fluorescence and T1-weighted MR images. This dual-modality imaging probe was used for noninvasive monitoring of DC migration into lymph nodes and could be useful for investigating advanced cellular immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Joong Kim
- Bioimaging Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute , Cheongju 28119, Korea
| | | | - Hyunseung Lee
- Bioimaging Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute , Cheongju 28119, Korea
| | - Hyun Min Kim
- Bioimaging Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute , Cheongju 28119, Korea
| | - Weon Sup Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Kwan Soo Hong
- Bioimaging Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute , Cheongju 28119, Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134, Korea
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27
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Zhang L, Liang S, Liu R, Yuan T, Zhang S, Xu Z, Xu H. Facile preparation of multifunctional uniform magnetic microspheres for T1-T2 dual modal magnetic resonance and optical imaging. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 144:344-354. [PMID: 27110910 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging is of significant importance for early detection and diagnosis of cancer. Herein, a novel core-shell magnetic microsphere for dual modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical imaging was produced by one-pot emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization, which could provide high resolution rate of histologic structure information and realize high sensitive detection at the same time. The synthesized magnetic microspheres composed of cores containing oleic acid (OA) and sodium undecylenate (NaUA) modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles and styrene (St), Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), and polymerizable lanthanide complexes (Gd(AA)3Phen and Eu(AA)3Phen) polymerized on the surface for outer shells. Fluorescence spectra show characteristic emission peaks from Eu(3+) at 590nm and 615nm and vivid red fluorescence luminescence can be observed by 2-photon confocal scanning laser microscopy (CLSM). In vitro cytotoxicity tests based on the MTT assay demonstrate good cytocompatibility, the composites have longitudinal relaxivity value (r1) of 8.39mM(-1)s(-1) and also have transverse relaxivity value (r2) of 71.18mM(-1)s(-1) at clinical 3.0 T MR scanner. In vitro and in vivo MRI studies exhibit high signal enhancement on both T1- and T2-weighted MR images. These fascinating multifunctional properties suggest that the polymer microspheres have large clinical potential as multi-modal MRI/optical probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advance Organic Chemical Materials; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Radiology at Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ruiqing Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advance Organic Chemical Materials; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Tianmeng Yuan
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advance Organic Chemical Materials; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Shulai Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advance Organic Chemical Materials; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Zushun Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advance Organic Chemical Materials; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China.
| | - Haibo Xu
- Department of Radiology at Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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28
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Wang S, Zhang Q, Yang P, Yu X, Huang LY, Shen S, Cai S. Manganese Oxide-Coated Carbon Nanotubes As Dual-Modality Lymph Mapping Agents for Photothermal Therapy of Tumor Metastasis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:3736-43. [PMID: 26653008 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Lymph node (LN) status is a major indicator of stage and survival of lung cancer patients. LN dissection is a primary option for lung cancer LN metastasis; however, this strategy elicits adverse effects and great trauma. Therefore, developing a minimally invasive technique to cure LN metastasis of lung cancer is desired. In this study, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) coated with manganese oxide (MnO) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) (namely MWNTs-MnO-PEG) was employed as a lymphatic theranostic agent to diagnose and treat metastatic LNs. After single local injection and lymph drainage were performed, regional LNs were clearly mapped by T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) of MnO and dark dye imaging of MWNTs. Meanwhile, metastatic LNs could be simultaneously ablated by near-infrared (NIR) irradiation under the guidance of dual-modality mapping. The excellent result was obtained in mice bearing LNs metastasis models, showing that MWNTs-MnO-PEG as a multifunctional theranostic agent was competent for dual-modality mapping guided photothermal therapy of metastatic LNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center , Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200030, China
| | | | | | - Li-Yong Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center , Shanghai 200032, China
| | | | - Sanjun Cai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center , Shanghai 200032, China
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29
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Guo C, Sun L, She W, Li N, Jiang L, Luo K, Gong Q, Gu Z. A dendronized heparin–gadolinium polymer self-assembled into a nanoscale system as a potential magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py00059b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
An amphiphilic dendronized heparin–gadolinium conjugate self-assembles into a nanoscale system by a combination of the features of the nanoparticle, dendrimer and heparin. The nanoscale system demonstrates great potential as an efficient and safe MRI contrast agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- 29 Wangjiang Road
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Ling Sun
- Department of Radiology
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Wenchuan She
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- 29 Wangjiang Road
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Ning Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- 29 Wangjiang Road
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Lei Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- 29 Wangjiang Road
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Kui Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- 29 Wangjiang Road
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of Radiology
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- 29 Wangjiang Road
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
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30
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Keasberry NA, Bañobre-López M, Wood C, Stasiuk GJ, Gallo J, Long NJ. Tuning the relaxation rates of dual-mode T(1)/T(2) nanoparticle contrast agents: a study into the ideal system. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:16119-28. [PMID: 26371437 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr04400f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an excellent imaging modality. However the low sensitivity of the technique poses a challenge to achieving an accurate image of function at the molecular level. To overcome this, contrast agents are used; typically gadolinium based agents for T1 weighted imaging, or iron oxide based agents for T2 imaging. Traditionally, only one imaging mode is used per diagnosis although several physiological situations are known to interfere with the signal induced by the contrast agents in each individual imaging mode acquisition. Recently, the combination of both T1 and T2 imaging capabilities into a single platform has emerged as a tool to reduce uncertainties in MR image analysis. To date, contradicting reports on the effect on the contrast of the coupling of a T1 and T2 agent have hampered the application of these specialised probes. Herein, we present a systematic experimental study on a range of gadolinium-labelled magnetite nanoparticles envisioned to bring some light into the mechanism of interaction between T1 and T2 components, and advance towards the design of efficient (dual) T1 and T2 MRI probes. Unexpected behaviours observed in some of the constructs will be discussed. In this study, we demonstrate that the relaxivity of such multimodal probes can be rationally tuned to obtain unmatched potentials in MR imaging, exemplified by preparation of the magnetite-based nanoparticle with the highest T2 relaxivity described to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha A Keasberry
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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31
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Banik BL, Fattahi P, Brown JL. Polymeric nanoparticles: the future of nanomedicine. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 8:271-99. [PMID: 26314803 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) are one of the most studied organic strategies for nanomedicine. Intense interest lies in the potential of polymeric NPs to revolutionize modern medicine. To determine the ideal nanosystem for more effective and distinctly targeted delivery of therapeutic applications, particle size, morphology, material choice, and processing techniques are all research areas of interest. Utilizations of polymeric NPs include drug delivery techniques such as conjugation and entrapment of drugs, prodrugs, stimuli-responsive systems, imaging modalities, and theranostics. Cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and cardiovascular diseases are fields impacted by NP technologies that push scientific boundaries to the leading edge of transformative advances for nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L Banik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Pouria Fattahi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Justin L Brown
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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32
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Chan M, Lux J, Nishimura T, Akiyoshi K, Almutairi A. Long-Lasting and Efficient Tumor Imaging Using a High Relaxivity Polysaccharide Nanogel Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:2964-71. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tomoki Nishimura
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- Japan
Science and Technology Agency (JST), The Exploratory Research for
Advanced Technology (ERATO), Bionanotransporter Project, Katsura Int’tech Center, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8530, Japan
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- Japan
Science and Technology Agency (JST), The Exploratory Research for
Advanced Technology (ERATO), Bionanotransporter Project, Katsura Int’tech Center, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8530, Japan
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33
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Fan JW, Vankayala R, Chang CL, Chang CH, Chiang CS, Hwang KC. Preparation, cytotoxicity and in vivo bioimaging of highly luminescent water-soluble silicon quantum dots. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:215703. [PMID: 25943071 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/21/215703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Designing various inorganic nanomaterials that are cost effective, water soluble, optically photostable, highly fluorescent and biocompatible for bioimaging applications is a challenging task. Similar to semiconducting quantum dots (QDs), silicon QDs are another alternative and are highly fluorescent, but non-water soluble. Several surface modification strategies were adopted to make them water soluble. However, the photoluminescence of Si QDs was seriously quenched in the aqueous environment. In this report, highly luminescent, water-dispersible, blue- and green-emitting Si QDs were prepared with good photostability. In vitro studies in monocytes reveal that Si QDs exhibit good biocompatibility and excellent distribution throughout the cytoplasm region, along with the significant fraction translocated into the nucleus. The in vivo zebrafish studies also reveal that Si QDs can be evenly distributed in the yolk-sac region. Overall, our results demonstrate the applicability of water-soluble and highly fluorescent Si QDs as excellent in vitro and in vivo bioimaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wun Fan
- Chemical System Research Division, National Chung-Shan Institute of Science & Technology, PO Box 90008-17, Lung-Tan, Tao-Yuan 32599, Taiwan
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34
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Liu H, Wu DC. Advances in research of fluorescence imaging for detection of gastrointestinal tumors. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:2193-2199. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i14.2193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence imaging, which has a high sensitivity, produces images by capturing fluorescence signal from the inside of organisms. Over the past few years, notable development of fluorescence imaging technique has been made in the field of gastrointestinal cancer. Imaging instruments and fluorescent probes for fluorescence imaging are being improved and innovated, making it a promising technique for broad clinical applications in the near future. Future clinical applications of fluorescence imaging include aiding diagnosis and surgical treatment of gastrointestinal tumors, which are important development directions of this technique. However, increasing the safety and the accuracy for tumor detection is a challenge for fluorescence imaging. Besides, in order to acquire better diagnostic effects, the combination of fluorescence imaging and other imaging modalities which require novel imaging probes for tumor is also an important trend for fluorescence imaging development.
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35
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Estelrich J, Sánchez-Martín MJ, Busquets MA. Nanoparticles in magnetic resonance imaging: from simple to dual contrast agents. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:1727-41. [PMID: 25834422 PMCID: PMC4358688 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s76501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become one of the most widely used and powerful tools for noninvasive clinical diagnosis owing to its high degree of soft tissue contrast, spatial resolution, and depth of penetration. MRI signal intensity is related to the relaxation times (T1, spin–lattice relaxation and T2, spin–spin relaxation) of in vivo water protons. To increase contrast, various inorganic nanoparticles and complexes (the so-called contrast agents) are administered prior to the scanning. Shortening T1 and T2 increases the corresponding relaxation rates, 1/T1 and 1/T2, producing hyperintense and hypointense signals respectively in shorter times. Moreover, the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved with the acquisition of a large number of measurements. The contrast agents used are generally based on either iron oxide nanoparticles or ferrites, providing negative contrast in T2-weighted images; or complexes of lanthanide metals (mostly containing gadolinium ions), providing positive contrast in T1-weighted images. Recently, lanthanide complexes have been immobilized in nanostructured materials in order to develop a new class of contrast agents with functions including blood-pool and organ (or tumor) targeting. Meanwhile, to overcome the limitations of individual imaging modalities, multimodal imaging techniques have been developed. An important challenge is to design all-in-one contrast agents that can be detected by multimodal techniques. Magnetoliposomes are efficient multimodal contrast agents. They can simultaneously bear both kinds of contrast and can, furthermore, incorporate targeting ligands and chains of polyethylene glycol to enhance the accumulation of nanoparticles at the site of interest and the bioavailability, respectively. Here, we review the most important characteristics of the nanoparticles or complexes used as MRI contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Estelrich
- Departament de Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain ; Institut de Nanociència I Nanotecnologia (IN UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - María Jesús Sánchez-Martín
- Departament de Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Antònia Busquets
- Departament de Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain ; Institut de Nanociència I Nanotecnologia (IN UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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36
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Ahmad Khanbeigi R, Abelha TF, Woods A, Rastoin O, Harvey RD, Jones MC, Forbes B, Green MA, Collins H, Dailey LA. Surface chemistry of photoluminescent F8BT conjugated polymer nanoparticles determines protein corona formation and internalization by phagocytic cells. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:733-42. [PMID: 25590257 DOI: 10.1021/bm501649y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated polymer nanoparticles are being developed for a variety of diagnostic and theranostic applications. The conjugated polymer, F8BT, a polyfluorene derivative, was used as a model system to examine the biological behavior of conjugated polymer nanoparticle formulations stabilized with ionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate; F8BT-SDS; ∼207 nm; -31 mV) and nonionic (pegylated 12-hydroxystearate; F8BT-PEG; ∼175 nm; -5 mV) surfactants, and compared with polystyrene nanoparticles of a similar size (PS200; ∼217 nm; -40 mV). F8BT nanoparticles were as hydrophobic as PS200 (hydrophobic interaction chromatography index value: 0.96) and showed evidence of protein corona formation after incubation with serum-containing medium; however, unlike polystyrene, F8BT nanoparticles did not enrich specific proteins onto the nanoparticle surface. J774A.1 macrophage cells internalized approximately ∼20% and ∼60% of the F8BT-SDS and PS200 delivered dose (calculated by the ISDD model) in serum-supplemented and serum-free conditions, respectively, while cell association of F8BT-PEG was minimal (<5% of the delivered dose). F8BT-PEG, however, was more cytotoxic (IC50 4.5 μg cm(-2)) than F8BT-SDS or PS200. The study results highlight that F8BT surface chemistry influences the composition of the protein corona, while the properties of the conjugated polymer nanoparticle surfactant stabilizer used determine particle internalization and biocompatibility profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raha Ahmad Khanbeigi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Franklin-Wilkins Building, King's College London , 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, U.K
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37
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Conniot J, Silva JM, Fernandes JG, Silva LC, Gaspar R, Brocchini S, Florindo HF, Barata TS. Cancer immunotherapy: nanodelivery approaches for immune cell targeting and tracking. Front Chem 2014; 2:105. [PMID: 25505783 PMCID: PMC4244808 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2014.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common diseases afflicting people globally. New therapeutic approaches are needed due to the complexity of cancer as a disease. Many current treatments are very toxic and have modest efficacy at best. Increased understanding of tumor biology and immunology has allowed the development of specific immunotherapies with minimal toxicity. It is important to highlight the performance of monoclonal antibodies, immune adjuvants, vaccines and cell-based treatments. Although these approaches have shown varying degrees of clinical efficacy, they illustrate the potential to develop new strategies. Targeted immunotherapy is being explored to overcome the heterogeneity of malignant cells and the immune suppression induced by both the tumor and its microenvironment. Nanodelivery strategies seek to minimize systemic exposure to target therapy to malignant tissue and cells. Intracellular penetration has been examined through the use of functionalized particulates. These nano-particulate associated medicines are being developed for use in imaging, diagnostics and cancer targeting. Although nano-particulates are inherently complex medicines, the ability to confer, at least in principle, different types of functionality allows for the plausible consideration these nanodelivery strategies can be exploited for use as combination medicines. The development of targeted nanodelivery systems in which therapeutic and imaging agents are merged into a single platform is an attractive strategy. Currently, several nanoplatform-based formulations, such as polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, liposomes and dendrimers are in preclinical and clinical stages of development. Herein, nanodelivery strategies presently investigated for cancer immunotherapy, cancer targeting mechanisms and nanocarrier functionalization methods will be described. We also intend to discuss the emerging nano-based approaches suitable to be used as imaging techniques and as cancer treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Conniot
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana M Silva
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana G Fernandes
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Liana C Silva
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rogério Gaspar
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Steve Brocchini
- EPSRC Centre for Innovative Manufacturing in Emergent Macromolecular Therapies, UCL School of Pharmacy London, UK
| | - Helena F Florindo
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Teresa S Barata
- EPSRC Centre for Innovative Manufacturing in Emergent Macromolecular Therapies, UCL School of Pharmacy London, UK
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