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Kuo CT, Chao YK. ASO Author Reflections: Prognostic Factors for Recovery from Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy After Minimally Invasive McKeown Esophagectomy: A Retrospective Study. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:2513-2514. [PMID: 38158495 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14828-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Kuo
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital‑Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Kai Chao
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital‑Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Kuo CT, Chiu CH, Fang TJ, Chao YK. Prognostic Factors for Recovery from Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy After Minimally Invasive McKeown Esophagectomy: A Retrospective Study. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:1546-1552. [PMID: 37989958 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14560-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy is a serious complication of esophagectomy that affects the patient's phonation and the ability to prevent life-threatening aspiration events. The aim of this single-center, retrospective study was to investigate the clinical course of left RLN palsy and to identify the main prognostic factors for recovery. METHODS The study cohort consisted of 85 patients who had developed left RLN palsy after minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy. Vocal cord function was assessed in all participants through laryngoscopic examinations, both in the immediate postoperative period and during follow-up. Permanent palsy was defined as no evidence of recovery after 6 months. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were applied to evaluate the associations between different variables and the outcome of palsy. RESULTS Twenty-two (25.8%) patients successfully recovered from left RLN palsy. On multivariable logistic regression analysis, active smoking (odds ratio [OR] 0.335, p = 0.038) and the use of thoracoscopic surgery (vs. robotic surgery; OR 0.264, p = 0.028) were identified as independent unfavorable predictors for recovery from palsy. The estimated rates of recovery derived from a logistic regression model for patients harboring two, one, or no risk factors were 13.16%, 31.15-34.75%, and 61.39%, respectively. CONCLUSION Only one-quarter of patients who had developed left RLN palsy after minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy were able to fully recover. Smoking habits and the surgical approach were identified as key determinants of recovery. Patients harboring adverse prognostic factors are potential candidates for early intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Kuo
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Chiu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tuan-Jen Fang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Kai Chao
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Kuo CT, Chiu CH, Fang TJ, Chao YK. ASO Visual Abstract: Prognostic Factors for Recovery from Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy After Minimally Invasive McKeown Esophagectomy: A Retrospective Study. Ann Surg Oncol 2023:10.1245/s10434-023-14789-2. [PMID: 38151620 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14789-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Kuo
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Chiu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tuan-Jen Fang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Kai Chao
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Kuo CT, Lin JJ, Jen KK, Hsu WL, Wang FC, Tsao TC, Yen JY. Human Posture Transition-Time Detection Based upon Inertial Measurement Unit and Long Short-Term Memory Neural Networks. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:471. [PMID: 37887602 PMCID: PMC10604330 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8060471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As human-robot interaction becomes more prevalent in industrial and clinical settings, detecting changes in human posture has become increasingly crucial. While recognizing human actions has been extensively studied, the transition between different postures or movements has been largely overlooked. This study explores using two deep-learning methods, the linear Feedforward Neural Network (FNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), to detect changes in human posture among three different movements: standing, walking, and sitting. To explore the possibility of rapid posture-change detection upon human intention, the authors introduced transition stages as distinct features for the identification. During the experiment, the subject wore an inertial measurement unit (IMU) on their right leg to measure joint parameters. The measurement data were used to train the two machine learning networks, and their performances were tested. This study also examined the effect of the sampling rates on the LSTM network. The results indicate that both methods achieved high detection accuracies. Still, the LSTM model outperformed the FNN in terms of speed and accuracy, achieving 91% and 95% accuracy for data sampled at 25 Hz and 100 Hz, respectively. Additionally, the network trained for one test subject was able to detect posture changes in other subjects, demonstrating the feasibility of personalized or generalized deep learning models for detecting human intentions. The accuracies for posture transition time and identification at a sampling rate of 100 Hz were 0.17 s and 94.44%, respectively. In summary, this study achieved some good outcomes and laid a crucial foundation for the engineering application of digital twins, exoskeletons, and human intention control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Kuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Ji Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Kuang Jen
- Missile and Rocket Research Division, National Chung Shan Institute of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 325204, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Li Hsu
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Cheng Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Chin Tsao
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Samueli School of Engineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jia-Yush Yen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
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Hsieh YC, Lin CY, Lin HY, Kuo CT, Yin SY, Hsu YH, Yeh HF, Wang J, Wan D. Controllable-Swelling Microneedle-Assisted Ultrasensitive Paper Sensing Platforms for Personal Health Monitoring. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300321. [PMID: 37037493 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Microneedle (MN) patches, which allow the extraction of skin interstitial fluid (ISF) without a pain sensation, are powerful tools for minimally invasive biofluid sampling. Herein, an MN-assisted paper-based sensing platform that enables rapid and painless biofluid analysis with ultrasensitive molecular recognition capacity is developed. First, a controllable-swelling MN patch is constructed through the engineering of a poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate/methacrylated hyaluronic acid hydrogel; it combines rapid, sufficient extraction of ISF with excellent structural integrity. Notably, the analyte molecules in the needles can be recovered into a moist cellulose paper through spontaneous diffusion. More importantly, the paper can be functionalized with enzymatic colorimetric reagents or a plasmonic array, enabling a desired detection capacity-for example, the use of paper-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy sensors leads to label-free, trace detection (sub-ppb level) of a diverse set of molecules (cefazolin, nicotine, paraquat, methylene blue). Finally, nicotine is selected as a model drug to evaluate the painless monitoring of three human volunteers. The changes in the nicotine levels can be tracked, with the levels varying significantly in response to the metabolism of drug in different volunteers. This as-designed minimally invasive sensing system should open up new opportunities for precision medicine, especially for personal healthcare monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chia Hsieh
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yao Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 104217, Taiwan
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ting Kuo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Yi Yin
- Department of Research and Development, Win Coat Corporation, Hsinchu, 30078, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hua Hsu
- Department of Research and Development, Win Coat Corporation, Hsinchu, 30078, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Feng Yeh
- Department of Research and Development, Win Coat Corporation, Hsinchu, 30078, Taiwan
| | - Jane Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Dehui Wan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
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Wang DTW, Tang TYC, Kuo CT, Yu YT, Chen EHL, Lee MT, Tsai RF, Chen HY, Chiang YW, Chen RPY. Cholesterol twists the transmembrane Di-Gly region of amyloid-precursor protein. PNAS Nexus 2023; 2:pgad162. [PMID: 37265546 PMCID: PMC10230161 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nearly 95% of Alzheimer's disease (AD) occurs sporadically without genetic linkage. Aging, hypertension, high cholesterol content, and diabetes are known nongenomic risk factors of AD. Aggregation of Aβ peptides is an initial event of AD pathogenesis. Aβ peptides are catabolic products of a type I membrane protein called amyloid precursor protein (APP). Aβ40 is the major product, whereas the 2-residue-longer version, Aβ42, induces amyloid plaque formation in the AD brain. Since cholesterol content is one risk factor for sporadic AD, we aimed to explore whether cholesterol in the membrane affects the structure of the APP transmembrane region, thereby modulating the γ-secretase cutting behavior. Here, we synthesized several peptides containing the APP transmembrane region (sequence 693-726, corresponding to the Aβ22-55 sequence) with one or two Cys mutations for spin labeling. We performed three electron spin resonance experiments to examine the structural changes of the peptides in liposomes composed of dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine and different cholesterol content. Our results show that cholesterol increases membrane thickness by 10% and peptide length accordingly. We identified that the di-glycine region of Aβ36-40 (sequence VGGVV) exhibits the most profound change in response to cholesterol compared with other segments, explaining how the presence of cholesterol affects the γ-secretase cutting site. This study provides spectroscopic evidence showing how cholesterol modulates the structure of the APP transmembrane region in a lipid bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tzu-Wei Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tiffany Y C Tang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ting Kuo
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ting Yu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Eric H L Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tao Lee
- Life Science Group, Scientific Research Division, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Central University, Zhongli 320317, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Fong Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ying Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
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Kuo CT, Chen CL, Li CC, Huang GS, Ma WY, Hsu WF, Lin CH, Lu YS, Wo AM. Immunofluorescence can assess the efficacy of mTOR pathway therapeutic agent Everolimus in breast cancer models. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10898. [PMID: 31358767 PMCID: PMC6662705 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45319-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
When breast cancer patients start to exhibit resistance to hormonal therapy or chemotherapy, the mTOR inhibitor everolimus can be considered as an alternative therapeutic agent. Everolimus can deregulate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and affect a range of cellular functions. In some patients, the agent does not exhibit the desired efficacy and, even worse, not without the associated side effects. This study assessed the use of immunofluorescence (IF) as a modality to fill this unmet need of predicting the efficacy of everolimus prior to administration. Cell viability and MTT assays based on IF intensities of pho-4EBP1 Thr37/46 and pho-S6K1 Ser424 on breast cancer cells (Hs578T, MCF7, BT474, MDA-MB-231) and patient-derived cell culture from metastatic sites (ABC-82T and ABC-16TX1) were interrogated. Results show that independent pho-4EBP1 Thr37/46 and pho-S6K1 Ser424 IF expressions can classify data into different groups: everolimus sensitive and resistant. The combined IF baseline intensity of these proteins is predictive of the efficacy of everolimus, and their intensities change dynamically when cells are resistant to everolimus. Furthermore, mTOR resistance is not only consequence of the AKT/mTOR pathway but also through the LKB1 or MAPK/ERK pathway. The LKB1 and pho-GSK3β may also be potential predictive markers for everolimus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Kuo
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Lin Chen
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chi Li
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Syuan Huang
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yuan Ma
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fan Hsu
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hung Lin
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Shen Lu
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Andrew M Wo
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Osteoporosis is a well-known bone disorder affecting people worldwide. Patients with osteoporosis have an increased risk of bone fracture. This study provides new information on the risk of developing osteoporosis post burn injury and the risk of fracture among those with osteoporosis developed. INTRODUCTION The relationship between burn injury and hip fracture risk is unclear. Population-based evaluation on relationships between burn injury and osteoporosis development and subsequent fractures is limited. We conducted a retrospective cohort study as the investigation. METHODS From the insurance data of Taiwan, we established a cohort of 43,532 patients with a burn injury in 2000-2012 and a comparison cohort of 174,124 individuals without such an injury, frequency matched by sex, age, and diagnosis date. Both cohorts were followed up to the end of 2013 to evaluate the occurrence of osteoporosis and hip fracture. RESULTS The incidence of osteoporosis was greater in the burn cohort than in the comparison cohort (6.40 vs. 4.75 per 1,000 person-years) with an adjusted IRR of 1.35 (95% confidence interval = 1.32-1.39). The incidence rates in both cohorts were greater in women than in men, increased with age, income, and Charlson comorbidity index. Patients with burns involving 20%-49% of total body surface area and with burns confined to the lower/upper limbs had the greatest incidence rates, 8.32 and 8.58 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. Osteoporosis incidence increased further to 22.7 per 1,000 person-years for burn victims with comorbid diabetes. The risk of fracture was over five-fold greater for burn victims with osteoporosis developed than for comparisons without osteoporosis. CONCLUSION Patients who have a burn injury deserve prevention intervention to reduce the risk of osteoporosis and fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Kaewboonchoo
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mahidol University Faculty of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - F C Sung
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mahidol University Faculty of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University College of Public Health, Taichung, Taiwan
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C L Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - H C Hsu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C T Kuo
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mahidol University Faculty of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University College of Public Health, 91 Hseuh Shis Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
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Abstract
The photostability of fluorescent probes is critical in biological imaging, especially for long-term observational analyses. Here, we describe a simple and universal method to improve the photostability of semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) and other fluorescent probes by using buffers. Using Pdots as a model system, we found that HEPES or MES buffer can improve the photostability of Pdots by a factor of 20. Through a systematic study, we show that Pdot photobleaching is dominated by photoinduced radicals which can be quenched by the piperazine or morpholine structures of these buffers, which act as radical scavengers. For conditions where choice of buffer is limited, we designed fluorescent polymers conjugated with radical scavengers to improve Pdot photostability. We then demonstrate a practical application in which HEPES buffer is used to improve the photostability of Pdots during cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Kuo
- Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - I-Che Wu
- Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Lei Chen
- Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Jiangbo Yu
- Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Li Wu
- Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Daniel T Chiu
- Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
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Jung SR, Han R, Sun W, Jiang Y, Fujimoto BS, Yu J, Kuo CT, Rong Y, Zhou XH, Chiu DT. Single-Molecule Flow Platform for the Quantification of Biomolecules Attached to Single Nanoparticles. Anal Chem 2018; 90:6089-6095. [PMID: 29672026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe here a flow platform for quantifying the number of biomolecules on individual fluorescent nanoparticles. The platform combines line-confocal fluorescence detection with near nanoscale channels (1-2 μm in width and height) to achieve high single-molecule detection sensitivity and throughput. The number of biomolecules present on each nanoparticle was determined by deconvolving the fluorescence intensity distribution of single-nanoparticle-biomolecule complexes with the intensity distribution of single biomolecules. We demonstrate this approach by quantifying the number of streptavidins on individual semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots); streptavidin was rendered fluorescent using biotin-Alexa647. This flow platform has high-throughput (hundreds to thousands of nanoparticles detected per second) and requires minute amounts of sample (∼5 μL at a dilute concentration of 10 pM). This measurement method is an additional tool for characterizing synthetic or biological nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ryoung Jung
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Rui Han
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Yifei Jiang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Bryant S Fujimoto
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Jiangbo Yu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Chun-Ting Kuo
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Yu Rong
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Xing-Hua Zhou
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Daniel T Chiu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
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Kaewboonchoo O, Sung FC, Lin CL, Hsu HC, Kuo CT. Hip fracture risk in patients with burn injury: a retrospective cohort study in Taiwan. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:3415-3420. [PMID: 28875313 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-017-4209-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This work aimed to evaluate the hip fracture risk for patients with burn injury. A total of 16,430 patients with burn injury had an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.54 to encounter a hip fracture, compared with controls without the injury. These results encourage future studies focusing on mechanisms leading to fracture associated with burn injury. INTRODUCTION The relationship between burn injury and hip fracture risk is unclear. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to investigate this relationship. METHODS From insurance data of Taiwan, we identified a cohort with 16,430 burn patients in 2000-2010 and a comparison cohort of 65,716 persons without the history of burn, frequency matched by sex, age, and diagnosis date. Both cohorts were followed up to the end of 2011 to evaluate the risk of hip fracture. RESULTS Patients with burn injury were 1.62-fold more likely than comparisons to encounter a hip fracture (6.95 vs. 4.28 per 1000 person-years), with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.54 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.40-1.68). The fracture incidence increased with age and is slightly greater for women than for men in both cohorts. The fracture risk was greater for patients with burn in the eyes, face, and head with an incidence of 7.14 per 1000 person-years, or an aHR of 2.09 (95% CI = 1.53, 2.86). Diabetes and osteoporosis were also associated with an increased hip fracture risk. CONCLUSION Burn injury is associated with an increased risk of hip fracture. Diabetes and osteoporosis are associated with an enhanced risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Kaewboonchoo
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mahidol University Faculty of Public Health, Khet Ratchathewi, Thailand
| | - F C Sung
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mahidol University Faculty of Public Health, Khet Ratchathewi, Thailand
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University College of Public Health, Taichung, Taiwan
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C L Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - H C Hsu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C T Kuo
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mahidol University Faculty of Public Health, Khet Ratchathewi, Thailand.
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University College of Public Health, 91 Hseuh Shih Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
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Wu X, DeGottardi Q, Wu IC, Yu J, Wu L, Ye F, Kuo CT, Kwok WW, Chiu DT. Lanthanide-Coordinated Semiconducting Polymer Dots Used for Flow Cytometry and Mass Cytometry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201708463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wu
- Department of Chemistry; University of Washington; Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - Quinn DeGottardi
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; Seattle WA 98101 USA
- Department of Medicine; University of Washington; Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - I-Che Wu
- Department of Chemistry; University of Washington; Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | | | - Li Wu
- Department of Chemistry; University of Washington; Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - Fangmao Ye
- Department of Chemistry; University of Washington; Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - Chun-Ting Kuo
- Department of Chemistry; University of Washington; Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - William W. Kwok
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason; Seattle WA 98101 USA
- Department of Medicine; University of Washington; Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - Daniel T. Chiu
- Department of Chemistry; University of Washington; Seattle WA 98195 USA
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Wu X, DeGottardi Q, Wu IC, Yu J, Wu L, Ye F, Kuo CT, Kwok WW, Chiu DT. Lanthanide-Coordinated Semiconducting Polymer Dots Used for Flow Cytometry and Mass Cytometry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:14908-14912. [PMID: 28941061 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201708463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Simultaneous monitoring of biomarkers as well as single-cell analyses based on flow cytometry and mass cytometry are important for investigations of disease mechanisms, drug discovery, and signaling-network studies. Flow cytometry and mass cytometry are complementary to each other; however, probes that can satisfy all the requirements for these two advanced technologies are limited. In this study, we report a probe of lanthanide-coordinated semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots), which possess fluorescence and mass signals. We demonstrated the usage of this dual-functionality probe for both flow cytometry and mass cytometry in a mimetic cell mixture and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells as model systems. The probes not only offer high fluorescence signal for use in flow cytometry, but also show better performance in mass cytometry than the commercially available counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Quinn DeGottardi
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - I-Che Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | | | - Li Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Fangmao Ye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Chun-Ting Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - William W Kwok
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Daniel T Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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Kuo CT, Peng HS, Rong Y, Yu J, Sun W, Fujimoto B, Chiu DT. Optically Encoded Semiconducting Polymer Dots with Single-Wavelength Excitation for Barcoding and Tracking of Single Cells. Anal Chem 2017; 89:6232-6238. [PMID: 28499337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multiplexed optical encoding is emerging as a powerful technique for high-throughput cellular analysis and molecular assays. Most of the developed optical barcodes, however, either suffer from large particle size or are incompatible with most commercial optical instruments. Here, a new type of nanoscale fluorescent barcode (Pdot barcodes) was prepared from semiconducting polymers. The Pdot barcodes possess the merits of small size (∼20 nm in diameter), narrow emission bands (full-width-at-half-maximum (fwhm) of 30-40 nm), three-color emissions (blue, green, and red) under single-wavelength excitation, a high brightness, good pH and thermal stability, and efficient cellular uptake. The Pdot barcodes were prepared using a three-color and six-intensity encoding strategy; for ratiometric readout of the barcodes, one of the colors might be used as an internal reference. We used the Pdot barcodes to label 20 sets of cancer cells and then distinguished and identified each set based on the Pdot barcodes using flow cytometry. We also monitored and tracked single cells labeled with different Pdot barcodes, even through rounds of cell division. These results suggest Pdot barcodes are strong candidates for discriminating different labeled cell and for long-term cell tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Kuo
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Hong-Shang Peng
- College of Science, Minzu University of China , Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu Rong
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Jiangbo Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Bryant Fujimoto
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Daniel T Chiu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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15
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Wu L, Wu IC, DuFort CC, Carlson MA, Wu X, Chen L, Kuo CT, Qin Y, Yu J, Hingorani SR, Chiu DT. Photostable Ratiometric Pdot Probe for in Vitro and in Vivo Imaging of Hypochlorous Acid. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:6911-6918. [PMID: 28459559 PMCID: PMC5695557 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b01545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Developing probes for the detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS), a hallmark of many pathophysiological process, is imperative to both understanding the precise roles of ROS in many life-threatening diseases and optimizing therapeutic interventions. We herein report an all-in-one fluorescent semiconducting polymer based far-red to near-infrared (NIR) Pdot nanoprobe for the ratiometric detection of hypochlorous acid (HOCl). The fabrication takes the advantage of flexible polymer design by incorporating target-sensitive and target-inert fluorophores into a single conjugated polymer to avoid leakage or differential photobleaching problems existed in other nanoprobes. The obtained nanoprobe has improved performance in HOCl sensing, such as high brightness, ideal far-red to NIR optical window, excellent photostability, self-referenced ratiometric response, fast response, and high selectivity. The dual-emission property allows the sensitive imaging of HOCl fluctuations produced in living macrophage cells and peritonitis of living mice with high contrast. This study not only provides a powerful and promising nanoprobe to be potentially used in the investigations of in situ HOCl status of diseases in living systems but also puts forward the design strategy of a new category of ratiometric fluorescent probes facilitating precise and reliable measurement in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - I-Che Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Christopher C. DuFort
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Markus A. Carlson
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Xu Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Chun-Ting Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Yuling Qin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Jiangbo Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Sunil R. Hingorani
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Daniel T. Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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16
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Yu J, Rong Y, Kuo CT, Zhou XH, Chiu DT. Recent Advances in the Development of Highly Luminescent Semiconducting Polymer Dots and Nanoparticles for Biological Imaging and Medicine. Anal Chem 2017; 89:42-56. [PMID: 28105818 PMCID: PMC5682631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbo Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Yu Rong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Chun-Ting Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Xing-Hua Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Daniel T. Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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17
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Shen CY, Kuo CH, Wang SY, Yang WQ, Kuo CT, Tseng YJ, Tsai MH. Distinct metabolic changes in human lung cancer cells with differential radiation sensitivities. Transl Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2016.11.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Hsu SP, Yang HC, Kuo CT, Wen HC, Chen LC, Huo YN, Lee WS. Progesterone receptor-NFκB complex formation is required for progesterone-induced NFκB nuclear translocation and binding onto the p53 promoter. Endocrinology 2015; 156:291-300. [PMID: 25353185 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that progesterone (P4) up-regulates p53 expression in human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVECs) through P4 receptor (PR) activation of extranuclear signaling pathways. However, the involvement of nuclear PR in P4-increased p53 expression is still unclear. Here, the molecular mechanism underlying PR-regulated p53 expression in HUVECs was investigated. Treatment with P4 increased nuclear factor of κ light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, α phosphorylation (IκBα and nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) nuclear translocation. Interestingly, P4 also increased PR-A, but not PR-B, nuclear translocation in HUVECs. Immunoprecipitation assay illustrated that P4 increased the formation of PR-A-NFκB complex in both the cytosol and the nucleus of HUVEC. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed an interaction between PR and the NFκB binding motif on the p53 promoter. Ablation of the NFκB binding motif in the p53 promoter completely abolished P4-increased p53 promoter activity. In the absence of P4, overexpression of NFκB did not increase NFκB nuclear translocation. In contrast, treatment of NFκB-overexpressing HUVECs with P4 for only 4 hours, which is much shorter than the time (21.5 h) required for P4-induced IκBα phosphorylation, increased NFκB nuclear translocation. Blockade of PR activity abolished this effect. Taken together, these results uncover a novel role of PR for P4-induced NFκB nuclear translocation and suggest that PR-A-NFκB complex formation is required for NFκB nuclear translocation and binding onto the p53 promoter in HUVECs. Our data indicate that both nuclear and extranuclear signaling pathways of PR are involved in P4-regulated p53 expression in HUVECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Po Hsu
- Department of Physiology (S.-P.H., W.-S.L.), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Physiology (H.-C.Y.), College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (C.-T.K., H.-C.W., L.-C.C., Y.-N.H., W.-S.L.), College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; and Cancer Research Center (W.-S.L.), Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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Kuo CT, Chen CF, Gu MW, Su MN, Huang JF, Huang MJ, Chen CH. On the Size Evolution of Monolayer-Protected Gold Clusters during Ligand Place-Exchange Reactions: The Effect of Solvents. Chem Asian J 2013; 9:844-51. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201301182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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21
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Tseng YJ, Kuo CT, Wang SY, Liao HW, Chen GY, Ku YL, Shao WC, Kuo CH. Metabolomic characterization of rhubarb species by capillary electrophoresis and ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:2918-27. [PMID: 23580246 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study developed CE and ultra-high-pressure LC (UHPLC) methods coupled with UV detectors to characterize the metabolomic profiles of different rhubarb species. The optimal CE conditions used a BGE with 15 mM sodium tetraborate, 15 mM sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate, 30 mM sodium deoxycholate, and 30% ACN v/v at pH 8.3. The optimal UHPLC conditions used a mobile phase composed of 0.05% phosphate buffer and ACN with gradient elution. The gradient profile increased linearly from 10 to 21% ACN within the first 25 min, then increased to 33% ACN for the next 10 min. It took another 5 min to reach the 65% ACN, then for the next 5 min, it stayed unchanged. Sixteen samples of Rheum officinale and Rheum tanguticum collected from various locations were analyzed by CE and UHPLC methods. The metabolite profiles of CE were aligned and baseline corrected before chemometric analysis. Metabolomic signatures of rhubarb species from CE and UHPLC were clustered using principle component analysis and distance-based redundancy analysis; the clusters were not only able to discriminate different species but also different cultivation regions. Similarity measurements were performed by calculating the correlation coefficient of each sample with the authentic samples. Hybrid rhizome was clearly identified through similarity measurement of UHPLC metabolite profile and later confirmed by gene sequencing. The present study demonstrated that CE and UHPLC are efficient and effective tools to identify and authenticate herbs even coupled with simple detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Jane Tseng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan; The Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronic and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taiwan; Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
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22
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Liao HW, Tsai IL, Chen GY, Kuo CT, Wei MF, Hwang TJ, Chen WJ, Shen LJ, Kuo CH. Simultaneous detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms and copy number variations in the CYP2D6 gene by multiplex polymerase chain reaction combined with capillary electrophoresis. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 763:67-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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23
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Wang LC, Tang KT, Chiu SW, Yang SR, Kuo CT. A bio-inspired two-layer multiple-walled carbon nanotube-polymer composite sensor array and a bio-inspired fast-adaptive readout circuit for a portable electronic nose. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 26:4301-7. [PMID: 21664119 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2011.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We report a fully integrated, portable, battery-operated electronic nose system comprising a bio-inspired two-layer multiple-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT)-polymer composite sensor array, a bio-inspired fast-adaptive readout circuit, and a microprocessor embedded with a pattern recognition algorithm. The two-layer MWNT-polymer composite sensor is simple to operate, and the membrane quality can be easily controlled. These two-layer membranes have improved sensitivity and stability. The fast-adaptive readout circuit responds to the sensor response, while tuning out the long-term constant background humidity, temperature, and odors. This portable electronic nose system successfully classified four complex alcohol samples 40 times for each sample; these samples were sake, sorghum liquor, medical liquor, and whisky.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Min Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Hsun Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Han Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Mei Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chun-hsien Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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25
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Hsu SP, Chen TH, Chou YP, Chen LC, Kuo CT, Lee TS, Lin JJ, Chang NC, Lee WS. Extra-nuclear activation of progesterone receptor in regulating arterial smooth muscle cell migration. Atherosclerosis 2011; 217:83-9. [PMID: 21440892 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Revised: 02/23/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We previously showed that progesterone (P4) inhibits the proliferation of rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMC). Here, we further demonstrate that P4 at physiologic levels (5-500 nM) concentration-dependently inhibited migration of cultured RASMC. The effect is blocked by pretreatment with progesterone receptor (PR) antagonist, RU486. The P4-induced RASMC migration inhibition was through RhoA inactivation induced by cSrc-enhanced RhoA degradation. The P4-induced increases of phosphorylated Src (pSrc) and PR-pSrc complex in RASMC were observed mainly in the membrane fraction. Pre-treatment with a cSrc inhibitor (PP2) or cSrc antisense oligonucleotides prevented the P4-induced decreases of the protein levels of RhoA, phosphorylated FAK (p-FAK) and paxillin phosphorylaton and migration inhibition in RASMC. These findings expend our knowledge of the basis of P4's effect on vascular smooth muscle cell migration and highlight novel pathways of signaling transduction of P4 through PR-mediated nongenomic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Po Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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26
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Hsueh SY, Kuo CT, Lu TW, Lai CC, Liu YH, Hsu HF, Peng SM, Chen CH, Chiu SH. Acid/Base- and Anion-Controllable Organogels Formed From a Urea-Based Molecular Switch. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201004090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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27
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Hsueh SY, Kuo CT, Lu TW, Lai CC, Liu YH, Hsu HF, Peng SM, Chen CH, Chiu SH. Acid/Base- and Anion-Controllable Organogels Formed From a Urea-Based Molecular Switch. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:9170-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201004090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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28
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Chen JYR, Yeh GC, Tao PL, Kuo CT, Chen KB, Wen YR. Prenatal exposure to methamphetamine alters the mechanical withdrawal threshold and tonic hyperalgesia in the offspring. Neurotoxicology 2010; 31:432-8. [PMID: 20547178 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2010.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Revised: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Maternal methamphetamine (MA) abuse during pregnancy has been proved to induce various impacts on the development of infant and child. In this study, we examined whether prenatal exposure to MA would affect the development of nociceptive system by measuring the responses to noxious stimulation in the developing rat. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats received bi-daily subcutaneous injection of methamphetamine (5mg/kg) or isovolumetric normal saline since the day of mating till the day of delivery. Birth profiles of the offspring including birth length, weight, and body temperature were recorded during the first postnatal month. Mechanical withdrawal thresholds were measured by von Frey filaments on postnatal day (PND) 30 and 60, and hyperalgesic behaviors following plantar formalin injection (2%, 50 microl) were evaluated on PND 60. The birth body weight and length of rats born to MA-injected dam rats (MA group) were significantly lower than those of the control rats during the first postnatal month; however, their body temperature was significantly higher than those of the control rats during the first 3 days after birth. The MA group rats had significantly lower tactile withdrawal values in von Frey test and higher pain scores in the late phase of pain in the formalin test than those of the control rats. There is a gender difference of nociceptive hypersensitivity manifested as that the female MA group rats had significantly lower withdrawal thresholds and higher pain scores in response to formalin injection than the male MA group rats. These results suggest that prenatal MA exposure could predispose an alteration in the development of nociceptive neuronal network, which leads to a long-lasting status of hypersensitivity to pain stimulations in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Yi-Ru Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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29
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Kuo CT, Yu JY, Huang MJ, Chen CH. On the size evolution of gold-monolayer-protected clusters by ligand place-exchange reactions: the effect of headgroup-gold interactions. Langmuir 2010; 26:6149-6153. [PMID: 20387853 DOI: 10.1021/la100810z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
To functionalize Au MPCs (monolayer-protected gold clusters), ligand place-exchange reactions provide a convenient route in which the initial capping ligands are displaced by mixing the MPCs with an excess amount of incoming ones. However, literature reports show that the diameters of the modified products do not always stay unchanged. Because of the diversity of experimental conditions carried out in the documented studies, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding concerning the size evolution. Herein, carefully controlled and examined parameters include the initial size of MPCs [Au(101)(PPh(3))(21)Cl(5)], the reaction time, the concentration of incoming ligands, a homologous series of incoming ligands, and the anchoring headgroups. The results show that the final particle size is determined by the strength of headgroup-gold adsorption which is correlated with the curvature of the final product in a thermodynamic model derived from Gibbs-Thomson equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617
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30
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Dong TY, Chen CP, Kuo CT, Lin SF, Chen CN, Hsu SC, Wen YS. Syntheses, structure, and electrochemical properties of homo-metallic binuclear complexes containing ferrocenyl–ethynyl spacers. Inorganica Chim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2010.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Cheng CC, Lo YL, Li WY, Kuo CT, Cheng HC. Estimations of fiber Bragg grating parameters and strain gauge factor using optical spectrum and strain distribution information. Appl Opt 2007; 46:4555-62. [PMID: 17609700 DOI: 10.1364/ao.46.004555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
An inverse approach based on an optimization technique is proposed to characterize a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and the strain gauge factor (GF) when the FBG is bonded on a structure. By bonding an FBG on a substrate and simply straining this FBG into a chirped fiber Bragg grating with a predesignated strain, the proposed method, based on an optimization technique, can be used to reconstruct seven parameters of the FBG from the corresponding reflective spectrum. The parameters identified are the length of an FBG, the grating period, the average refractive index, the index modulation, the apodization coefficient, the starting point bonded on the plate, and the strain GF. The information from the predesignated strain, as well as the measured reflective spectrum, is used as the objective function during the optimal search. As a result, the design sensitivity for the optimal search is much improved compared with the design sensitivity when only the reflective spectrum is used. In particular, the strain GF, which depends on the adhesive, the bonding layer characteristics, etc., can be determined in order to provide a reference for an FBG used as a strain sensor. Results from numerical simulations and experiments show that seven parameters of an FBG can be obtained accurately and efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Cheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan.
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Abstract
A postcolumn fluorometric derivatization method for the determination of trace amounts of ammonium ion (microg/L level) under matrices with high concentrations of sodium and amino acids has been developed. In this method, ammonium ion was determined by ion chromatography combined with fluorometric detection (IC-FL) in less than 16 min. IC was performed in a high-capacity cation-exchange Dionex IonPac CS16 analytical column (250 mm x 5 mm) under isocratic conditions with 30 mM methanesulfonic acid (MSA) as mobile phase at flow-rate 1.0 mL/min. To remove amino acid interference, the postcolumn derivatization based on the reaction of ammonia with o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) and sulfite was applied. The excitation and emission wavelengths were 364 and 425 nm, respectively. The effects of pH, reaction temperature and time, OPA-reagent composition and concentration, and sample matrix were studied. The linear range and detection limit of this method were similar to the standard method. The IC-FL method with a postcolumn fluorometric derivatization allows the routine determination of ammonium ion in extreme matrices where the ratios of sodium and amino acids to ammonium are up to 2,800,000:1 and 28,000:1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Kuo
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Atomic Science, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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Ma CCM, Kuo CT, Kuan HC, Chiang CL. Effects of swelling agents on the crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of polyamide 6/clay nanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/app.11897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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34
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Chiang LL, Kuo CT, Wang CH, Chen TF, Ho YS, Kuo HP, Lin CH. Involvement of nuclear factor-kappaB in lipoteichoic acid-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages. J Pharm Pharmacol 2003; 55:115-23. [PMID: 12625875 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2003.tb02441.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the role of protein kinase C (PKC) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression caused by Staphylococcus aureus lipoteichoic acid in RAW 264.7 macrophages. A phosphatidylcholine-phospholipase C (PC-PLC) inhibitor (D-609) and a phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C (PI-PLC) inhibitor (U-73122) attenuated lipoteichoic acid-induced COX-2 expression, while a phosphatidate phosphohydrolase inhibitor (propranolol) had no effect. Two PKC inhibitors (Go 6976 and Ro 31-8220) and the NF-kappaB inhibitor, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), also attenuated lipoteichoic acid-induced COX-2 expression. Lipoteichoic acid resulted in a decrease in PKC activity in the cytosol and an increase in PKC activity in membranes. The lipoteichoic acid-induced translocation of p65 NF-kappaB from the cytosol to the nucleus was inhibited by D-609, U-73122, Go 6976, Ro 31-8220, and PDTC, but not by propranolol. The results suggested that lipoteichoic acid might have activated PC-PLC and PI-PLC to induce PKC activation, which in turn initiated NF-kappaB activation, and finally induced COX-2 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Chiang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Taback B, Chan AD, Kuo CT, Bostick PJ, Wang HJ, Giuliano AE, Hoon DS. Detection of occult metastatic breast cancer cells in blood by a multimolecular marker assay: correlation with clinical stage of disease. Cancer Res 2001; 61:8845-50. [PMID: 11751407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Currently, molecular markers offer the unique opportunity to identify occult metastasis in early stage cancer patients not otherwise detected with conventional staging techniques. To date, well-characterized molecular tumor markers to detect occult breast cancer cells in blood are limited. Because breast tumors are heterogeneous in tumor marker expression, we developed a "multimarker" reverse transcription-PCR assay combined with the highly sensitive electrochemiluminescence automated detection system. Breast cancer cell lines (n = 7), primary breast tumors (n = 25), and blood from normal donors (n = 40) and breast cancer patients [n = 65; American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stages I-IV] were assessed for four mRNA tumor markers: beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG), oncogene receptor (c-Met), beta 1-->4-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-transferase, and a tumor-associated antigen (MAGE-A3). None of the tumor markers were expressed in any normal donor bloods. Breast cancer cell lines and primary breast tumors expressed beta-hCG, c-Met, beta 1-->4-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-transferase, and MAGE-A3 mRNA. Of the 65 breast cancer patient blood samples assessed, 2, 3, 15, 49, and 31% expressed 4, 3, 2, 1, and 0 of the mRNA tumor markers, respectively. At least two markers were expressed in 20% of the blood specimens. The addition of a combination of markers enhanced detection of systemic metastasis by 32%. In patient blood samples, the MAGE-A3 marker correlated significantly with tumor size (P = 0.0004) and AJCC stage (P = 0.007). The combination of beta-hCG and MAGE-A3 mRNA markers correlated significantly with tumor size (P = 0.04), and the marker combination c-Met and MAGE-A3 showed a significant correlation with tumor size (P = 0.005) as well as AJCC stage (P = 0.018). A multimarker reverse transcription-PCR assay that correlates with known clinicopathological prognostic parameters may have potential clinical utility by monitoring tumor progression with a blood test.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antigens, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Neoplasm/blood
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/biosynthesis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/blood
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Choriocarcinoma/genetics
- Choriocarcinoma/metabolism
- Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human/biosynthesis
- Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human/blood
- Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human/genetics
- Female
- Humans
- N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases/biosynthesis
- N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases/blood
- N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins
- Neoplasm Staging
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/metabolism
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/pathology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met/biosynthesis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met/blood
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/blood
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- B Taback
- Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, California 90404, USA
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36
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Abstract
Anomalous inferior vena cava without intracardiac anomaly is an unusual condition. Herein, we report a 48-year-old female with left-sided inferior vena cava and azygous continuation. accompanied by sick sinus syndrome. This anomaly resulted in difficulty in implanting a traditional hook-on atrial lead. Atrial lead dislodgment occurred repeatedly soon after implanting the pacemaker because of an anomalous zygous vein draining into the superior vena cava, making a giant connection with the right atrium, thus eliminating the space of the atrial appendage for lead lodgment. Finally, we attempted to utilize a screw-in atrial lead in this patient and she is currently doing well. We therefore suggest that a screw-in atrial lead should be taken into account for such patients in order to obtain a stable fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Lin
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Taipei, Taiwan
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37
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Abstract
Melanoma frequently metastasizes to the central nervous system (CNS). The diagnosis of CNS metastases typically is made following the onset of clinical symptoms. Thus, more sensitive diagnostic approaches are needed to identify subclinical CNS metastases. Currently, standard cytologic analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is limited by its poor sensitivity. A more sensitive assay was therefore developed using multiple reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) markers. CSF was collected and assessed by RT-PCR for three known melanoma-associated markers (MAGE-3, MART-1, and tyrosinase) to detect occult metastatic melanoma cells in the CSF of 37 American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage IV melanoma patients. Cytologic analysis of CSF was performed on all patients, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis was performed on 33 CSF samples using anti-S100 and anti-HMB-45 antibodies. Only one patient (3%) had tumor-positive CSF cytology and IHC upon entry into the study, whereas 12 patients (32%) were positive for at least one RT-PCR marker. The correlation between CSF RT-PCR positivity of MART-1 and/or MAGE-3 and the development of CNS metastases at 3 mo was significant (p = 0.04). Fifteen of 37 patients (41%) had either positive MRI and/or positive RT-PCR results. Multimarker RT-PCR is more informative and sensitive than cytology/IHC in assessing the CSF of melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Hoon
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Division Medical Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California 90404, USA.
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38
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Hoon DS, Kuo CT, Wen S, Wang H, Metelitsa L, Reynolds CP, Seeger RC. Ganglioside GM2/GD2 synthetase mRNA is a marker for detection of infrequent neuroblastoma cells in bone marrow. Am J Pathol 2001; 159:493-500. [PMID: 11485908 PMCID: PMC1850569 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)61721-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2001] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
GalNAcbeta1-4(NeuAcalpha2-3)Galbeta1-4Glcbeta1-Cer (GM2)/GalNAcbeta1-4(NeuAcalpha2-8NeuAcalpha2-3)Galbeta1-4Glcbeta1-1Cer (GD2) synthetase [beta-1,4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyl transferase (GalNAc-T)] mRNA, which encodes a key glycosyltransferase for ganglioside GD2 synthesis, was assessed as a molecular marker for detecting metastatic neuroblastoma cells in bone marrow (BM). GalNAc-T mRNA expression by neuroblastoma cell lines (n = 15), primary untreated neuroblastoma tumors (n = 29), morphologically normal BM (n = 22), peripheral blood stem cells (n = 10) from patients with cancers other than neuroblastoma, and blood mononuclear cells from normal donors (n = 17) was assessed by using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and electrochemiluminescence detection assay (RT-PCR/ECL). BM harvested from 15 neuroblastoma patients was tested before and after ex vivo immunomagnetic bead purging, and results were compared to immunocytological analysis of the same specimens. All neuroblastoma cell lines (mean, 653 x 10(3) ECL units) and primary tumors (mean, 683 x 10(3) ECL units) were positive for significant expression of GalNAc-T mRNA compared to normal blood and BM cells. The RT-PCR/ECL assay could detect GalNAc-T mRNA in 100 pg of total RNA, and in a mixture of one neuroblastoma cell among 10(7) normal BM or blood cells. Eight of 15 autologous BM cells harvested from patients with neuroblastoma had tumor cells detectable by immunocytology, and all 15 were positive for GalNAc-T mRNA. After ex vivo purging, none of the BM cells was immunocytology-positive, but six remained positive by the RT-PCR/ECL assay. GalNAc-T mRNA provides a specific and sensitive molecular marker for RT-PCR/ECL detection of infrequent neuroblastoma cells in BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Hoon
- Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute, 2200 Santa Monica Blvd., Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA.
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39
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Abstract
T lymphocytes circulate in a quiescent state until they encounter cognate antigen bound to the surface of an antigen-presenting cell. The molecular pathways that regulate T cell quiescence remain largely unknown. Here we show that forced expression of the lung Krüppel-like transcription factor (LKLF) in Jurkat T cells is sufficient to program a quiescent phenotype characterized by decreased proliferation, reduced cell size and protein synthesis and decreased surface expression of activation markers. Conversely, LKLF-deficient peripheral T cells produced by gene targeting showed increased proliferation, increased cell size and enhanced expression of surface activation markers in vivo. LKLF appeared to function, at least in part, by decreasing expression of the proto-oncogene encoding c-Myc. Forced expression of LKLF was associated with markedly decreased c-Myc expression. In addition, many effects of LKLF expression were mimicked by expression of the dominant-negative MadMyc protein and rescued by overexpression of c-Myc. Thus, LKLF is both necessary and sufficient to program quiescence in T cells and functions, in part, by negatively regulating a c-Myc--dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Buckley
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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40
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Hsu TS, Hsu LA, Chang CJ, Sun CF, Ko YL, Kuo CT, Chiang CW, Lee YS. Importance of hyperhomocysteinemia as a risk factor for venous thromboembolism in a Taiwanese population. A case-control study. Thromb Res 2001; 102:387-95. [PMID: 11395124 DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(01)00262-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the current status of hyperhomocysteinemia, which is a known risk for venous thrombosis (DVT), in Taiwan. SUBJECTS 101 unselected patients with a minimum of one episode of deep leg DVT, either initial inpatients or current compliant outpatients in a teaching hospital. METHODS Various thrombophilic risks, gene polymorphism and clinical predisposition were evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Patients presented higher fast total plasma homocysteine (hcy) levels than age- and sex-matched controls did (14.1 vs. 9.94 microM). Based on the 95th percentile of control values, hyperhomocysteinemia had a four- to nine-fold risk for DVT, irrespective of clinical predisposition, as well as other thrombophilic risks surveyed. Polymorphism of a metabolizing enzyme, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), was not associated with DVT, although homozygous thermolabile mutation tended to have higher plasma hcy levels. Factor V Leiden was absent in analysis of 80 patients. In complete evaluation (hcy, antithrombin (AT), protein S (PS), protein C (PC), lupus anticoagulant (LA), anticardiolipin antibody) of a subset of 83 patients hyperhomocysteinemia was the most prevalent risk (33.7%), with PC or PS deficiencies following (22.9%). Thus, hyperhomocysteinemia is a prominent risk for DVT in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Hsu
- First Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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41
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Williams KL, Nanda I, Lyons GE, Kuo CT, Schmid M, Leiden JM, Kaplan MH, Taparowsky EJ. Characterization of murine BATF: a negative regulator of activator protein-1 activity in the thymus. Eur J Immunol 2001; 31:1620-7. [PMID: 11466704 DOI: 10.1002/1521-4141(200105)31:5<1620::aid-immu1620>3.0.co;2-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BATF belongs to the AP-1/ATF superfamily of transcription factors and forms heterodimers with Jun proteins to bind AP-1 consensus DNA. Unlike Fos/Jun heterodimers which stimulate gene transcription, BATF/Jun heterodimers are transcriptionally inert and inhibit biological processes that are associated with the overstimulation of AP-1 activity. Here, we describe the murine BATF cDNA and genomic clones and map the BATF locus to chromosome 12 D2-3. Using in situ hybridization of BATF mRNA, we show that BATF gene expression is highly restricted, with the most prominent signals detected in the thymus. BATF mRNA levels are regulated differentially during discrete stages of T cell development and are up-regulated following activation of T cells in the periphery. To demonstrate the impact of BATF on AP-1 activity in vivo, AP-1 luciferase reporter mice were crossed to transgenic mice overexpressing BATF exclusively in thymic T cells. Results show that elevated levels of BATF protein correlate with reduced transactivation by AP-1. Since the differential regulation of AP-1 activity is linked to key transitions in the developing immune system, our observations support a critical role for BATF in determining the overall level of AP-1 activity, and thus AP-1 target gene expression, in specific T cell subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Williams
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1392, USA
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42
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Luqman N, Kuo CT, Lin KH, Chiang CW. Emerging new frontiers in cardiac pacing: cardiac pacing in heart failure. Chang Gung Med J 2001; 24:141-50. [PMID: 11355081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Indications for pacing have leapt beyond sinus node dysfunction and atrioventricular (AV) block. Pacing for the purpose of improving hemodynamics has become the prime subject of exploration. Several studies have reported hemodynamic and clinical improvement with bi-ventricular pacing and AV sequential pacing. Data is still pouring in from the various ongoing trials regarding the beneficial effects of these methods of pacing. This is especially true in a subset of patients with intractable heart failure. There are several indicators to identify these patients. Those who have intra-ventricular conduction defects and those who demonstrate hemodynamic improvement after temporary pacing are certainly the candidates who will benefit most from this new form of pacing. Prolonged PR interval or left bundle branch block with intractable heart failure also falls into this category. The rationale of pacing in heart failure is to correct the cardiac dysynchrony that occurs frequently in these patients. Cardiac dysynchrony can occur due to ineffective synchronization between atria and ventricles (AV dysynchrony) or due to lack of synchronization within the two ventricles (ventricular dysynchrony). This is overcome by AV sequential pacing or by multi chamber pacing using the coronary sinus as portal of entry of the electrode into the cardiac vein to pace the left ventricle. Pacing leads and generators have been designed to suit the new found methods of pacing. Clinical trials are in full swing to establish the efficacy of these methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Luqman
- First Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei
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43
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the changes of AV nodal recovery properties with aging. Although in children and young adults it was found that there were age dependent changes in their AV nodal recovery properties, in the older population this information was not available. In 92 subjects (aged 16-92 years) without AV nodal disease or dual AV nodal pathway physiology, their AV nodal recovery curves were studied by delivering premature atrial extrastimuli coupled to basic atrial beats during cardiac electrophysiological study. Data were analyzed using linear regression and curve-fitting techniques. Patients were grouped by age, group I < 40 years (n = 33), group II 40-59 years (n = 26), and group III > 60 years (n = 33). The results showed that the AV nodal recovery curve did not change significantly in the aging process except that the AV nodal effective refractory period had a positive correlation with increasing age. The latter was significantly increased in group III when compared to group I or group II. For this parameter, when patients whose AV nodal refractory period was limited by the atrial refractory period were excluded, there was still a statistically significant increase in group III compared to group II (P < 0.05): group I (n = 27): 202+/-42 ms; group II (n = 17): 197+/-26 ms; and group III (n = 17): 224+/-46 ms. The results suggest that the AV nodal recovery curve remains unchanged once it reaches adulthood, with the exception that the nodal effective refractory period becomes slightly longer after age 60.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Kuo
- Department of Cardiology, Chang-Gung University, Taiwan
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44
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Chu PH, Chiang CW, Hsu LA, Lin KH, Cheng NJ, Kuo CT. Low prevalence of coronary arterial disease in Chinese adults with mitral stenosis. Chang Gung Med J 2001; 24:97-102. [PMID: 11360408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We attempted to evaluate the prevalence of coronary artery disease in Chinese adults with severe rheumatic mitral stenosis. METHODS We prospectively performed coronary angiography in 119 consecutive Chinese patients older than 40 years old (mitral valve area less than 1.5 cm2) who were about to undergo balloon mitral commissurotomy for significant rheumatic mitral stenosis. The exclusion criteria were the presence of left atrial cavitary thrombi or mitral regurgitation greater than grade 3. RESULTS There were 32 men (26%) and 87 women (74%) with a mean age of 55 +/- 9.7 years (ranging from 40 to 78). Ninety-two patients (77%) were in atrial fibrillation. The prevalence of risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease were hypertension (22%), diabetes mellitus (4%), hypercholesterolemia > or = 240 mg/dL (5%), hypertriglyceridemia > or = 150 mg/dL (13%), and cigarette use (7%). Coronary artery disease on angiography was defined as stenosis of more than 50% of the luminal diameter. We found that only 2 patients (1.7%) had coronary artery disease. CONCLUSION The prevalence of coronary artery disease was much lower than in previous reports, some of which, however, had already pointed out the relatively low prevalence of coronary artery disease in rheumatic mitral disease. The definite mechanisms require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Chu
- First Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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45
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Kuo CT, Luqman N, Lin KH, Chiang CW. Localizing ventricular tachycardia through entrainment. Chang Gung Med J 2000; 23:725-37. [PMID: 11416893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Area(s) of slow conduction are thought to be present within the reentry circuit of most clinically important ventricular tachycardia (VT). To prevent recurrence after ablation of VT late after myocardial infarction, it is desirable to localize and destroy area(s) of slow conduction "critical link" within the reentry circuit. Conventionally, they may be identified by endocardial catheter mapping, continuous electrical activity, mid-diastolic potentials, earliest endocardial activation, pace-mapping etc. However, none of these methods are very specific. Entrainment method may be used to localize the slow conduction zone of reentrant VT. Concealed entrainment is consistent with pacing at a site in the reentry circuit but may also occur at some "bystander" sites that are close to the reentry circuit but are not participating in the circuit itself. During pacing at the slow conduction area of the reentry circuit, the stimulus to QRS (S-QRS) interval should equal the electrogram to QRS (EG-QRS) interval during VT. Similarly the post-pacing interval (PPI) approximates the tachycardia cycle length. During pacing at bystander sites, the S-QRS interval may be greater, less than or equal to the EG-QRS interval, depending on the conduction time from the bystander site to the circuit. The PPI, however, always exceed the tachycardia cycle length. In conjunction with concealed entrainment, the use of diastolic potential, double potentials and continuous electrical activity enhances the prediction of radiofrequency termination of post-infarction VT.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Kuo
- First Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Shin Street, Kweishan Hsiang, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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Kuo CT, Chen HW. Determination of 1,3-, 1,6-, 1,8-dinitropyrene and 1-nitropyrene in airborne particulate by column liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. J Chromatogr A 2000; 897:393-7. [PMID: 11128223 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00809-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) in airborne particulate were determined by column liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. NPAHs were extracted ultrasonically prior to being injected into the separation system. A reversed-phase C18 column was used to separate the NPAHs with an aqueous eluent containing acetonitrile and sodium monochloroacetate as buffer. Calibration graphs were linear with very good correlation coefficients (r>0.999) and the detection limits were ca. 20 pg for all analytes. The proposed method provides a relatively simple and convenient procedure for determining the NPAHs in airborne particulate.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Kuo
- Institute of Environmental Health, China Medical College, Taichung, Taiwan.
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47
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Chen SM, Kuo CT, Lin KH, Chiang FT. Brugada syndrome without mutation of the cardiac sodium channel gene in a Taiwanese patient. J Formos Med Assoc 2000; 99:860-2. [PMID: 11155778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a 45-year-old Taiwanese man with specific features of Brugada syndrome but no clinical features of structural heart disease. He was successfully treated with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. His electrocardiogram (ECG) patterns changed intermittently. Alpha-adrenoceptor stimulation and beta-adrenoceptor blockade augmented the characteristic ST-segment elevation, whereas alpha-adrenoceptor blockade and beta-adrenoceptor stimulation mitigated the ST-segment elevation. Intravenous procainamide administration did not aggravate ST-segment elevation when ECG had shown coved ST elevation in the right precordial leads. Molecular study did not reveal the same mutations in the cardiac sodium channel gene (SCN5A) as previously reported in Brugada syndrome. This case demonstrates the genetic heterogeneity of SCN5A in Brugada syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Chen
- First Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, 199 Tung-Hwa North Road, Taipei, Taiwan
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48
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Abstract
Right pneumothorax complicated by an endocardial atrial lead has never been reported. Herein, we report on a small-build 79-year-old Taiwanese woman who suffered from complete AV block and underwent dual-chamber permanent pacemaker implantation. An active fixation screw-in atrial lead was chosen. The procedure was complicated by right pneumothorax associated with atrial perforation. Since simple measurements of the implantation parameters could not be used to predict the occurrence of perforation, great caution should be taken in to avoid overscrewing the atrial lead, and in scrutinizing the penetration depth of the helix of the lead under fluoroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Ho
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung University, and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan
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49
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Schober SL, Kuo CT, Schluns KS, Lefrancois L, Leiden JM, Jameson SC. Expression of the transcription factor lung Krüppel-like factor is regulated by cytokines and correlates with survival of memory T cells in vitro and in vivo. J Immunol 1999; 163:3662-7. [PMID: 10490960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor lung Krüppel-like factor (LKLF) is involved in naive T cell survival. Expression of LKLF is rapidly down-regulated upon T cell stimulation, raising the question of whether LKLF is reexpressed after activation, and what factors are required for such reexpression. Furthermore, the expression of LKLF in resting memory cells has not been determined. Here, we use the OT-I TCR transgenic mouse system to address these issues. LKLF was found to be reexpressed following culture of activated CD8 T cells in certain cytokines (IL-2, IL-7) but not others (IL-12) known to influence CTL development. Interestingly, induction of LKLF reexpression corresponded with long-term T cell survival and development of memory T cell phenotype. Furthermore, using OT-I cells stimulated in vivo, we demonstrated that Ag induced rapid LKLF down-regulation and that the factor is expressed by in vivo-derived memory T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Schober
- Center for Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA
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50
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Abstract
Venous thrombosis induced by a transvenous permanent pacemaker is a common complication. However, superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome caused by pacemaker leads is only occasionally seen and its prevalence has been estimated to be less than 1 in 1000 pacemaker patients. Herein, we report a Taiwanese patient of high grade AV block, who presented with SVC syndrome 2 years after transvenous permanent pacemaker implantation. This case features fibrotic stenosis of the junction of right brachiocephalic trunk and SVC, and an extensive thrombus formation resulting in complete obliteration of the left brachiocephalic vein. The collateral circulation was so delicate that he still could lead a rather normal life, even if anticoagulant therapy proved to be ineffective from an angiographic point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Lin
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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