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Pu M, Fang C, Zhou X, Wang D, Lin Y, Lei W, Li L. Recent Advances in Environment-Friendly Polyurethanes from Polyols Recovered from the Recycling and Renewable Resources: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1889. [PMID: 39000744 PMCID: PMC11244063 DOI: 10.3390/polym16131889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyurethane (PU) is among the most universal polymers and has been extensively applied in many fields, such as construction, machinery, furniture, clothing, textile, packaging and biomedicine. Traditionally, as the main starting materials for PU, polyols deeply depend on petroleum stock. From the perspective of recycling and environmental friendliness, advanced PU synthesis, using diversified resources as feedstocks, aims to develop versatile products with excellent properties to achieve the transformation from a fossil fuel-driven energy economy to renewable and sustainable ones. This review focuses on the recent development in the synthesis and modification of PU by extracting value-added monomers for polyols from waste polymers and natural bio-based polymers, such as the recycled waste polymers: polyethylene terephthalate (PET), PU and polycarbonate (PC); the biomaterials: vegetable oil, lignin, cashew nut shell liquid and plant straw; and biomacromolecules: polysaccharides and protein. To design these advanced polyurethane formulations, it is essential to understand the structure-property relationships of PU from recycling polyols. In a word, this bottom-up path provides a material recycling approach to PU design for printing and packaging, as well as biomedical, building and wearable electronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Pu
- School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (M.P.); (D.W.)
- School of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (Y.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Changqing Fang
- School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (M.P.); (D.W.)
- School of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (Y.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Xing Zhou
- School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (M.P.); (D.W.)
- School of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (Y.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (M.P.); (D.W.)
- School of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (Y.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Yangyang Lin
- School of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (Y.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Wanqing Lei
- School of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (Y.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Lu Li
- Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China;
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
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2
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Fonseca-López D, Ezenarro-Salcedo D, Nachtigall FM, Santos LS, Macías MA, Rojas RS, Hurtado JJ. Air-Stable Cobalt(III) and Chromium(III) Complexes as Single-Component Catalysts for the Activation of Carbon Dioxide and Epoxides. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9066-9077. [PMID: 38670933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Cobalt(III) and chromium(III) salophen chloride complexes were synthesized and tested for the cycloaddition of carbon dioxide (CO2) with epoxides to obtain cyclic carbonates. The cat1, cat2, cat4, and cat5 complexes presented high catalytic activity without cocatalysts and are solvent-free at 100 °C, 8 bar, and 9 h. At these conditions, the terminal epoxides (1a-1k) were successfully converted into the corresponding cyclic carbonates with a maximum conversion of ∼99%. Moreover, cat5 was highlighted due to its capability of opening internal epoxides such as limonene oxide (1l) with a 36% conversion to limonene carbonate (2l), and from cyclohexene oxide (1m), cyclic trans-cyclohexene carbonate (2m) and poly(cyclohexene carbonate) were obtained with 15% and 85% selectivity, respectively. A study of the coupling reaction mechanism was proposed with the aid of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) analysis, confirming the single-component behavior of the complexes through their ionization due to epoxide coordination. In addition, crystallographic analysis of cat1 single crystals grown in a saturated solution of pyridine helped to demonstrate that the substitution of chloride ion by pyridine ligands to form an octahedral coordination occurs (Py-cat1), supporting the proposed mechanism. Also, a recyclability study was performed for cat5, and a total turnover number of 952 was obtained with only minor losses in catalytic activity after five cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fonseca-López
- Laboratorio en Química Inorgánica, Catálisis y Bioinorgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - David Ezenarro-Salcedo
- Laboratorio en Química Inorgánica, Catálisis y Bioinorgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Fabiane M Nachtigall
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3467987, Chile
| | - Leonardo S Santos
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, Chemistry Institute of Natural Resources, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Mario A Macías
- Crystallography and Chemistry of Materials, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - René S Rojas
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 6094411, Chile
| | - John J Hurtado
- Laboratorio en Química Inorgánica, Catálisis y Bioinorgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
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Lindeboom W, Deacy AC, Phanopoulos A, Buchard A, Williams CK. Correlating Metal Redox Potentials to Co(III)K(I) Catalyst Performances in Carbon Dioxide and Propene Oxide Ring Opening Copolymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308378. [PMID: 37409487 PMCID: PMC10952574 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide copolymerization is a front-runner CO2 utilization strategy but its viability depends on improving the catalysis. So far, catalyst structure-performance correlations have not been straightforward, limiting the ability to predict how to improve both catalytic activity and selectivity. Here, a simple measure of a catalyst ground-state parameter, metal reduction potential, directly correlates with both polymerization activity and selectivity. It is applied to compare performances of 6 new heterodinuclear Co(III)K(I) catalysts for propene oxide (PO)/CO2 ring opening copolymerization (ROCOP) producing poly(propene carbonate) (PPC). The best catalyst shows an excellent turnover frequency of 389 h-1 and high PPC selectivity of >99 % (50 °C, 20 bar, 0.025 mol% catalyst). As demonstration of its utility, neither DFT calculations nor ligand Hammett parameter analyses are viable predictors. It is proposed that the cobalt redox potential informs upon the active site electron density with a more electron rich cobalt centre showing better performances. The method may be widely applicable and is recommended to guide future catalyst discovery for other (co)polymerizations and carbon dioxide utilizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter Lindeboom
- Department ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Arron C. Deacy
- Department ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Andreas Phanopoulos
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondonW12 OBZUK
| | - Antoine Buchard
- Department of ChemistryInstitute for SustainabilityUniversity of BathBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Charlotte K. Williams
- Department ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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4
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Preparation of several novel Salen-Co(III) visible photocatalysts and their application in the copolymerization of carbon dioxide with propylene oxide. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.134979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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5
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Ren BH, Teng YQ, Wang SN, Wang S, Liu Y, Ren WM, Lu XB. Mechanistic Basis for the High Enantioselectivity and Activity in the Multichiral Bimetallic Complex-Mediated Enantioselective Copolymerization of meso-Epoxides. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Hao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Si-Nuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ye Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Wei-Min Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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Deacy AC, Phanopoulos A, Lindeboom W, Buchard A, Williams CK. Insights into the Mechanism of Carbon Dioxide and Propylene Oxide Ring-Opening Copolymerization Using a Co(III)/K(I) Heterodinuclear Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:17929-17938. [PMID: 36130075 PMCID: PMC9545154 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
![]()
A combined computational
and experimental investigation
into the
catalytic cycle of carbon dioxide and propylene oxide ring-opening
copolymerization is presented using a Co(III)K(I) heterodinuclear
complex (DeacyA. C.Co(III)/Alkali-Metal(I) Heterodinuclear
Catalysts for the Ring-Opening Copolymerization of CO2 and
Propylene Oxide. J. Am. Chem. Soc.2020, 142( (45), ), 19150−1916033108736). The complex
is a rare example of a dinuclear catalyst, which is active for the
copolymerization of CO2 and propylene oxide, a large-scale
commercial product. Understanding the mechanisms for both product
and byproduct formation is essential for rational catalyst improvements,
but there are very few other mechanistic studies using these monomers.
The investigation suggests that cobalt serves both to activate propylene
oxide and to stabilize the catalytic intermediates, while potassium
provides a transient carbonate nucleophile that ring-opens the activated
propylene oxide. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate
that reverse roles for the metals have inaccessibly high energy barriers
and are unlikely to occur under experimental conditions. The rate-determining
step is calculated as the ring opening of the propylene oxide (ΔGcalc† = +22.2 kcal mol–1); consistent with experimental measurements (ΔGexp† = +22.1 kcal mol–1, 50 °C). The calculated barrier to the selectivity
limiting step, i.e., backbiting from the alkoxide intermediate to
form propylene carbonate (ΔGcalc† = +21.4 kcal mol–1), is competitive
with the barrier to epoxide ring opening (ΔGcalc† = +22.2 kcal mol–1) implicating an equilibrium between alkoxide and carbonate intermediates.
This idea is tested experimentally and is controlled by carbon dioxide
pressure or temperature to moderate selectivity. The catalytic mechanism,
supported by theoretical and experimental investigations, should help
to guide future catalyst design and optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arron C Deacy
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Andreas Phanopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, Shepherds Bush, London W12 OBZ, U.K
| | - Wouter Lindeboom
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Antoine Buchard
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Charlotte K Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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Bhaskararao B, Rotella ME, Kim DY, Kee JM, Kim KS, Kozlowski MC. Ir and NHC Dual Chiral Synergetic Catalysis: Mechanism and Stereoselectivity in γ-Butyrolactone Formation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:16171-16183. [PMID: 36006026 PMCID: PMC9620864 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cooperative dual catalysis is a powerful strategy for achieving unique reactivity by combining catalysts with orthogonal modes of action. This approach allows for independent control of the absolute and relative stereochemistry of the product. Despite its potential utility, the combination of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalysis and transition metal catalysis has remained a formidable challenge as NHCs readily coordinate metal centers. This characteristic also makes it difficult to rationalize or predict the stereochemical outcomes of these reactions. Herein, we use quantum mechanical calculations to investigate formation of γ-butyrolactones from aldehydes and allyl cyclic carbonates by means of an NHC organocatalyst and an iridium catalyst. Stereoconvergent activation of the racemic allyl cyclic carbonate forms an Ir-π-allyl intermediate and activation of an unsaturated aldehyde forms an NHC enolate, the latter of which is rate-limiting. Union of the two fragments leads to stereodetermining C-C bond formation and ultimately ring closure to generate the product lactone. Notably, CO2 loss occurs after formation of the C-C bond and Et3NH+ plays a key role in stabilizing carboxylate intermediates and in facilitating proton transfer to form the NHC enolate. The computed pathways agree with the experimental findings in terms of the absolute configuration, the enantiomer excess, and the different diastereomers seen with the (R)- and (S)-spiro-phosphoramidite combined with the NHC catalyst. Calculations reveal the lowest energy pathway includes both an NHC ligand and a phosphoramidite ligand on the iridium center. However, the stereochemical features of this Ir-bound NHC were found to not contribute to the selectivity of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangaru Bhaskararao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Madeline E. Rotella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Dong Yeon Kim
- Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Kee
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Soo Kim
- Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Marisa C. Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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8
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Lidston CAL, Severson SM, Abel BA, Coates GW. Multifunctional Catalysts for Ring-Opening Copolymerizations. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire A. L. Lidston
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Sarah M. Severson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Brooks A. Abel
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Geoffrey W. Coates
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
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9
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He L, Du LC, Yang J. Synthesis of a New Type of Ligands and Its Application in Copolymerization with Carbon Dioxide, Propylene Oxide, and Ethyl Isocyanate. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363222080205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Mohammadzadeh H, Afshari S. CO 2 and ethylene epoxide on silicon-doped CNT as metal-free catalyst to produce cyclic ethylene carbonate: a computational study. Mol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2022.2089260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Liu Y, Lu X. Chemical recycling to monomers: Industrial
Bisphenol‐A‐Polycarbonates
to novel aliphatic polycarbonate materials. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian China
| | - Xiao‐Bing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian China
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12
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Hoffmann M, Hermesmann M, Leven M, Leitner W, Müller TE. Semi-Crystalline Polyoxymethylene- co-Polyoxyalkylene Multi-Block Telechels as Building Blocks for Polyurethane Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:882. [PMID: 35267705 PMCID: PMC8912848 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxy-terminated polyoxymethylene-co-polyoxyalkylene multi-block telechels were obtained by a new methodology that allows for the formal substituting of ether units in polyether polyols with oxymethylene moieties. An interesting feature is that, unlike carbonate groups in polycarbonate and polyethercarbonate polyols, homopolymer blocks of polyoxymethylene moieties can be formed. The regular nature of polyoxymethylene blocks imparts a certain crystallinity to the polymer that can give rise to new properties of polyurethanes derived from such telechels. The synthesis, reaction sequence and kinetics of the formation of oligomeric hydroxy-terminated multi-block telechel polyoxymethylene moieties are discussed in this paper and the preparation of a polyurethane material is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hoffmann
- CAT Catalytic Center, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Matthias Hermesmann
- Carbon Sources and Conversion, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany;
| | - Matthias Leven
- CAT Catalytic Center, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.L.); (W.L.)
- Covestro Deutschland AG, COV-CCO-PUR-R&D-EMEA-DRDII, B108, 51365 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Walter Leitner
- CAT Catalytic Center, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.L.); (W.L.)
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34–36, 45470 Mulheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Thomas Ernst Müller
- CAT Catalytic Center, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.L.); (W.L.)
- Carbon Sources and Conversion, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany;
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Jin XC, Ren BH, Gu GG, Yue TJ, Ren WM. Copolymerization of SO2 with propylene oxide mediated by organic ammonium salts: A comprehensive study of main-chain structure, living polymerization character and regioselectivity. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00185c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The utilization of sulfur dioxide (SO2) for constructing sulfur-containing polymers is of much significance in term with either environment issue or obtaining high-valued materials. The copolymerization of SO2 with epoxides...
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14
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Cai Z, Liu Y, Tao Y, Zhu JB. Recent Advances in Monomer Design for Recyclable Polymers. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a22050235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Earth-abundant bimetallic and multimetallic catalysts for Epoxide/CO2 ring-opening copolymerization. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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16
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Kansal D, Abouomar R, Rabnawaz M. Green analogs of polybutadienes from carbon dioxide and epoxy‐based feedstocks. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dhwani Kansal
- Sustainable Materials Group, School of Packaging Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA
- Department of Chemistry Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA
| | - Ramadan Abouomar
- Sustainable Materials Group, School of Packaging Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA
| | - Muhammad Rabnawaz
- Sustainable Materials Group, School of Packaging Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA
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17
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Theoretical Study on Epoxide Ring-opening in CO2/Epoxide Copolymerization Catalyzed by Bifunctional Salen-Type Cobalt(III) Complexes: Influence of Stereoelectronic Factors. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11030328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Propylene oxide (PO) binding and ring-opening reaction with the bifunctional CO2/epoxide copolymerization catalyst, based on the Co(III)-salcy complex including two quaternary ammonium salts with n-butyl substituents (N+-chains) were investigated by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and compared with the model systems without the N+-chains. The importance of the different possible stereoisomers and the stereoselectivity of these processes for (S)- and (R)-enantiomers of PO were considered. To explore the conformational space for the real catalyst, a complex approach, developed previously was applied. The calculations for the model systems directly demonstrate that PO-ring opening proceeds preferentially in trans catalysts’ configuration and no participation of cis-β isomers is viable; nucleophilic attack at the methylene-carbon atom is preferred over that at methine-carbon atom. For the real bifunctional catalyst, with the (S,S)-configuration of cyclohexane, the results indicate a preference of (R)-PO ring-opening over (S)-PO ring-opening (ca. 6:5). Concerning stereoisomers resulting from the orientation of N+-chains in the real catalyst, different groups of structures participate in the ring-opening reaction for (R)-PO, and different for (S)-PO. The high population of nonreactive complexes of (R)-PO may be the key factor responsible for decreasing the activity of the analyzed catalyst in the epoxide ring-opening reaction.
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18
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Metalloporphyrin-based porous organic polymer as an efficient catalyst for cycloaddition of epoxides and CO2. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Shao H, Reddi Y, Cramer CJ. Modeling the Mechanism of CO 2/Cyclohexene Oxide Copolymerization Catalyzed by Chiral Zinc β-Diiminates: Factors Affecting Reactivity and Isotacticity. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Shao
- Department of Chemistry, Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Yernaidu Reddi
- Department of Chemistry, Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christopher J. Cramer
- Department of Chemistry, Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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20
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Plommer H, Stein L, Murphy JN, Ikpo N, Mora-Diez N, Kerton FM. Copolymerization of CHO/CO 2 catalyzed by a series of aluminum amino-phenolate complexes and insights into structure-activity relationships. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:6884-6895. [PMID: 32368772 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00726a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Two series of monometallic aluminum complexes were prepared and characterized by elemental analyses, 1H and 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography: Al[L]X, where [L] = dimethylaminoethylamino-N,N-bis(2-methylene-4,6-tert-butylphenolate) and X = Cl, OEt, and Al[L]2Cl, where [L] = 6-{[(2R,6R)-2,6-dimethyl-4-morpholino]methylene}-2,4-bis(tert-butyl)phenolate or 6-(piperidinomethylene)-2-(tert-butyl)-4-(methyl)phenolate. All the complexes, including the previously reported morpholinyl complex Al[L]Cl, where [L] = 4-(2-aminoethyl)morpholinylamino-N,N-bis(2-methylene-4,6-tert-butylphenolate), were tested as catalysts for copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide and CO2 in the presence and absence of PPNCl. When coupled with 1 equiv. PPNCl, the complexes exhibit similar activities and the best selectivity for poly(cyclohexenecarbonate) vs. the cyclic product, cyclohexene carbonate, was obtained with the morpholinyl complex (ca. 90%) whereas significantly lower selectivities (<1-63%) were obtained with the other complexes. Preliminary DFT calculations investigating this difference in selectivity were carried out by analyzing the aluminum partial atomic charges in the Al-carbonate intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hart Plommer
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X7, Canada.
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21
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Study of electronic effect in bifunctional catalysts for the copolymerization of
CO
2
and
PO
/
CHO. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202000103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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Theoretical study on preference of open polymer vs. cyclic products in CO 2/epoxide copolymerization with cobalt(III)-salen bifunctional catalysts. J Mol Model 2020; 26:113. [PMID: 32378131 PMCID: PMC7203596 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04364-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The preference of open chain of growing macromolecule vs. possible cyclic form was examined for the bifunctional cobalt(III)-salen catalyst for the copolymerization of CO2 with epoxides. A variety of possible isomers was considered (resulting from trans/cis-β salen arrangement, different mutual orientation of quaternary ammonium-chains, and possible binding modes). To explore the conformational space, a combined approach was applied, utilizing semiempirical (PM7) MD and the DFT calculations. The preference of the open and cyclic macromolecules attached to the metal center was compared with the corresponding results for isolated model macromolecules, and the systems built of the macromolecule interacting with the tetra-butyl ammonium cation. Result shows that the cyclic structures are strongly preferred for isolated ions, with relatively low cyclization barriers. In the field of positive point charge, the open structures are strongly preferred. For the ions interacting with tetrabutyl ammonium cation, the cyclic structures are preferred, due to delocalization of the positive charge in the cation. For the complexes involving model and “real” Co(III)-salen catalysts, the open structures are strongly preferred. The possible cyclization by dissociation of alkoxide and its transfer to the neighborhood of quaternary ammonium cation is characterized by high activation barriers. Further, the transfer of alkoxide from the metal center to the cation is less likely than the transfer of carbonate, since the metal-alkoxide bond-energy energy is much stronger than energy of metal-carbonate bonding, as shown by ETS-NOCV results. The conclusions are in qualitative agreement with experimental data showing high selectivity towards copolymer formation in the copolymerization processes catalyzed by bifunctional Co(III) salen-complexes. Graphical abstract ![]()
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23
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Understanding metal synergy in heterodinuclear catalysts for the copolymerization of CO2 and epoxides. Nat Chem 2020; 12:372-380. [DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-0450-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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24
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Bhat GA, Rashad AZ, Folsom TM, Darensbourg DJ. Placing Single-Metal Complexes into the Backbone of CO2-Based Polycarbonate Chains, Construction of Nanostructures for Prospective Micellar Catalysis. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gulzar A. Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Ahmed Z. Rashad
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Tucker M. Folsom
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Donald J. Darensbourg
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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25
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Roy L, Mondal B, Ye S. Computational mechanistic insights into non-noble-metal-catalysed CO 2 conversion. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:16608-16616. [PMID: 33174563 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03096a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The conversion of CO2 into liquid fuels and value-added fine chemicals is of significant interest for both the environment and the global energy demand. In this frontier article, we highlight viable methods for transforming CO2 into valuable C1 feedstocks and summarize the key mechanistic aspects obtained by in-depth computational investigations of three important pathways of two-electron CO2 reduction: (i) CO2 dissociation to CO (ii) CO2 dimerization to CO32- and CO, and (iii) CO2 hydrogenation to formate. Lastly, we present our outlook on how theoretically obtained mechanistic insights could be translated into strategies for designing efficient non-noble-metal catalysts for CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Roy
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai - IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar, IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
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26
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He R, Zhang D, Xu G, Li C, Bai J. Immobilized BiCl3@Bi@g-C3N4 on one-dimensional multi-channel carbon fibers as heterogeneous catalyst for efficient CO2 cycloaddition reaction. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi00207k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel heterogeneous catalyst (BBCNC), where the Bi, BiCl3 and g-C3N4 were deposited on one-dimensional multi-channel carbon fibers (CNFs), was developed and characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang He
- Chemical Engineering College
- Inner Mongolia University of Technology
- Hohhot
- P. R. China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Industrial Catalysis
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Chemical Engineering College
- Inner Mongolia University of Technology
- Hohhot
- P. R. China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Industrial Catalysis
| | - Guangran Xu
- Chemical Engineering College
- Inner Mongolia University of Technology
- Hohhot
- P. R. China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Industrial Catalysis
| | - Chunping Li
- Chemical Engineering College
- Inner Mongolia University of Technology
- Hohhot
- P. R. China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Industrial Catalysis
| | - Jie Bai
- Chemical Engineering College
- Inner Mongolia University of Technology
- Hohhot
- P. R. China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Industrial Catalysis
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27
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Zhu YF, Wei BL, Wang WQ, Xuan LJ. A facile and efficient method for synthesis of β-iodocarboxylates from terminal epoxides. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Ambrose K, Murphy JN, Kozak CM. Chromium Amino-bis(phenolate) Complexes as Catalysts for Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclohexene Oxide. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenson Ambrose
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada A1B 3X7
| | - Jennifer N. Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada A1B 3X7
| | - Christopher M. Kozak
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada A1B 3X7
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29
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Park D, Lee MS. Kinetic study of catalytic CO 2 hydration by metal-substituted biomimetic carbonic anhydrase model complexes. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:190407. [PMID: 31598240 PMCID: PMC6731748 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.190407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The rapid rise of the CO2 level in the atmosphere has spurred the development of CO2 capture methods such as the use of biomimetic complexes that mimic carbonic anhydrase. In this study, model complexes with tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TPA) were synthesized using various transition metals (Zn2+, Cu2+ and Ni2+) to control the intrinsic proton-donating ability. The pKa of the water coordinated to the metal, which indicates its proton-donating ability, was determined by potentiometric pH titration and found to increase in the order [(TPA)Cu(OH2)]2+ < [(TPA)Ni(OH2)]2+ < [(TPA)Zn(OH2)]2+. The effect of pKa on the CO2 hydration rate was investigated by stopped-flow spectrophotometry. Because the water ligand in [(TPA)Zn(OH2)]2+ had the highest pKa, it would be more difficult to deprotonate it than those coordinated to Cu2+ and Ni2+. It was, therefore, expected that the complex would have the slowest rate for the reaction of the deprotonated water with CO2 to form bicarbonate. However, it was confirmed that [(TPA)Zn(OH2)]2+ had the fastest CO2 hydration rate because the substitution of bicarbonate with water (bicarbonate release) occurred easily.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Man Sig Lee
- Author for correspondence: Man Sig Lee e-mail:
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30
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Jang J, Ha JH, Kim I, Baik JH, Hong SC. Facile Room-Temperature Preparation of Flexible Polyurethane Foams from Carbon Dioxide Based Poly(ether carbonate) Polyols with a Reduced Generation of Acetaldehyde. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:7944-7952. [PMID: 31459883 PMCID: PMC6648153 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is becoming more attractive as a renewable feedstock for chemical synthesis. In this study, CO2 was incorporated into poly(ether carbonate) (PEC) polyols by using a double-metal-cyanide catalyst. By adjusting the CO2 pressure, the content of propylene carbonate units in the PEC polyols was controlled, indicating successful and semiquantitative incorporation of CO2 into the PEC polyols. Polyurethane foams (PUFs) with different propylene carbonate content were easily prepared at room temperature by employing the PEC polyols due to their adequate viscosity under ambient conditions. The firmness of the PUFs increased as the amount of propylene carbonate units increased due to the rigidity of the carbonate linkage, representing predictable mechanical properties. Interestingly, reduced generation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the PUFs, namely acetaldehyde, was observed with a high content of propylene carbonate units at 120 °C, indicating good stability of the carbonate units against thermo-oxidative decomposition. This study demonstrates the importance of CO2 as an environmental-friendly and renewable resource that can provide not only industrially important but also problem-solving products in terms of processability and low generation of VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong
Hyeon Jang
- Department
of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hee Ha
- Energy
Research Group, Research Institute of Industrial
Science & Technology (RIST), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Kim
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan
National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hyun Baik
- Energy
Research Group, Research Institute of Industrial
Science & Technology (RIST), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Hong
- Department
of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea
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31
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Martínez J, de la Cruz-Martínez F, Gaona MA, Pinilla-Peñalver E, Fernández-Baeza J, Rodríguez AM, Castro-Osma JA, Otero A, Lara-Sánchez A. Influence of the Counterion on the Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates Catalyzed by Bifunctional Aluminum Complexes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:3396-3408. [PMID: 30735040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
New bifunctional aluminum complexes have been prepared with the aim of studying the effect of a counterion on the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and carbon dioxide (CO2). Neutral ligand 1 was used as a precursor to obtain four novel mesylate, chloride, bromide, and iodide zwitterionic NNO ligands (2-5). The reaction of these ligands with 1 or 2 equiv of AlR3 (R = Me, Et) allowed the synthesis of mono- and bimetallic bifunctional aluminum complexes [AlR2(κ2-mbpzappe)]X [X = Cl, R = Me (6), Et (7); X = Br, R = Me (8), Et (9); X = I, R = Me (10), Et (11)] and [{AlR2(κ2-mbpzappe)}(μ-O){AlR3}]X [X = MeSO3, R = Me (12), Et (13); X = Cl, R = Me (14), Et (15); X = Br, R = Me (16), Et (17); X = I, R = Me (18), Et (19)] via alkane elimination. These complexes were studied as catalysts for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and CO2. Iodide complex 11 showed to be the most active catalyst for terminal epoxides, whereas bromide complex 9 was found to be the optimal catalyst when internal epoxides were used, showing the importance of the nucleophile cocatalyst on the catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Martínez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain.,Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química , Universidad Católica de Chile , Casilla 306 , Santiago-22 6094411 , Chile
| | - Felipe de la Cruz-Martínez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain
| | - Miguel A Gaona
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain
| | - Esther Pinilla-Peñalver
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain
| | - Juan Fernández-Baeza
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain
| | - Ana M Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain
| | - José A Castro-Osma
- Departamento de Quı́mica Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquı́mica-Centro de Innovación en Quı́mica Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Farmacia , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 02071 Albacete , Spain
| | - Antonio Otero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain
| | - Agustín Lara-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain
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32
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Cui S, Borgemenke J, Qin Y, Liu Z, Li Y. Bio-based polycarbonates from renewable feedstocks and carbon dioxide. ADVANCES IN BIOENERGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aibe.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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33
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Sobrino S, Navarro M, Fernández-Baeza J, Sánchez-Barba LF, Garcés A, Lara-Sánchez A, Castro-Osma JA. Efficient CO2 fixation into cyclic carbonates catalyzed by NNO-scorpionate zinc complexes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:10733-10742. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01844a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chiral bifunctional and bicomponent NNO-scorpionate zinc-based catalysts have been developed for the fixation of CO2 into cyclic carbonates with broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance under mild and solvent-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Sobrino
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Orgánica y Bioquímica
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Campus Universitario
- 13071-Ciudad Real
| | - Marta Navarro
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
- Departamento de Biología y Geología
- Física y Química Inorgánica
- Móstoles-28933-Madrid
- Spain
| | - Juan Fernández-Baeza
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Orgánica y Bioquímica
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Campus Universitario
- 13071-Ciudad Real
| | - Luis F. Sánchez-Barba
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
- Departamento de Biología y Geología
- Física y Química Inorgánica
- Móstoles-28933-Madrid
- Spain
| | - Andrés Garcés
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
- Departamento de Biología y Geología
- Física y Química Inorgánica
- Móstoles-28933-Madrid
- Spain
| | - Agustín Lara-Sánchez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Orgánica y Bioquímica
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Campus Universitario
- 13071-Ciudad Real
| | - José A. Castro-Osma
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Departamento de Química Inorgańica
- Orgańica y Bioquímica
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO–CINQA)
- Facultad de Farmacia
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34
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Yin Y, Wu Q, Liu Q, Du L. Mussel-inspired fabrication of pH-sensitive biomimetic hydrogels based on greenhouse gas carbon dioxide. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj06459h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetic hydrogels were prepared from carbon dioxide using a facile method. The PPC block and catechol groups contained in PPC-PU-LDA enable the hydrogel to have good cell compatibility and adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfan Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and the Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Polymer Materials of Anhui Province
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- People's Republic of China
| | - Qianghua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
| | - Qingxian Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and the Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Polymer Materials of Anhui Province
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- People's Republic of China
| | - Longchao Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and the Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Polymer Materials of Anhui Province
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- People's Republic of China
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35
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Rios Yepes Y, Quintero C, Osorio Meléndez D, Daniliuc CG, Martínez J, Rojas RS. Cyclic Carbonates from CO2 and Epoxides Catalyzed by Tetra- and Pentacoordinate Amidinate Aluminum Complexes. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yersica Rios Yepes
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago 22 6094411, Chile
| | - Celso Quintero
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago 22 6094411, Chile
| | - Danay Osorio Meléndez
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago 22 6094411, Chile
| | | | - Javier Martínez
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago 22 6094411, Chile
| | - René S. Rojas
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago 22 6094411, Chile
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36
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Liu M, Wang X, Jiang Y, Sun J, Arai M. Hydrogen bond activation strategy for cyclic carbonates synthesis from epoxides and CO2: current state-of-the art of catalyst development and reaction analysis. CATALYSIS REVIEWS-SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/01614940.2018.1550243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yichen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jianmin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China
| | - Masahiko Arai
- Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Process, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, PR China
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37
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38
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Wang Y, Darensbourg DJ. Carbon dioxide-based functional polycarbonates: Metal catalyzed copolymerization of CO2 and epoxides. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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39
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You X, Snowdon MR, Misra M, Mohanty AK. Biobased Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/Poly(lactic acid) Blends Tailored with Epoxide Compatibilizers. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:11759-11769. [PMID: 31459269 PMCID: PMC6645286 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
To increase the biobased content of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), up to 30 wt % poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was blended with PET using twin-screw compounding and injection molding processes. Multifunctional epoxide compatibilizers including a chain extender and an impact toughening agent were used as blend modifiers to improve the poor mechanical properties of PET/PLA blends. The mechanical and thermodynamic performances were investigated along with the morphological features through scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and interfacial tension determination. From rheological and differential scanning calorimetry results, it was observed that the molecular weight of both PET and PLA increased with compatibilizers because of epoxide reactions. The toughening agent, poly(ethylene-n-butylene-acrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (EBA-GMA), provided a 292% increase in impact strength over the blend but reduced modulus by 25%. In contrast, 0.7 phr addition of the chain extender, poly(styrene-acrylic-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (SA-GMA), yielded comparable performance to that of neat PET without sacrificing the tensile and flexural properties. When both compatibilizers were present in the blend, the mechanical properties remained relatively unaltered or decreased with increasing EBA-GMA content. The differences in mechanical performance observed were considered in relation to the strengthening mechanism of the two differing compatibilizers and their effects on the miscibility of the blend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu You
- Bioproducts
Discovery and Development Centre (BDDC), Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Crop Science Building, 117 Reynolds Walk, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 1Y4
- Department
of Bio-Resources Chemical & Material Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Longshuo Road, Weiyang District, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Michael R. Snowdon
- Bioproducts
Discovery and Development Centre (BDDC), Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Crop Science Building, 117 Reynolds Walk, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 1Y4
- School
of Engineering, University of Guelph, Thornbrough Building, 80 South Ring
Road E, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 1Y4
| | - Manjusri Misra
- Bioproducts
Discovery and Development Centre (BDDC), Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Crop Science Building, 117 Reynolds Walk, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 1Y4
- School
of Engineering, University of Guelph, Thornbrough Building, 80 South Ring
Road E, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 1Y4
| | - Amar K. Mohanty
- Bioproducts
Discovery and Development Centre (BDDC), Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Crop Science Building, 117 Reynolds Walk, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 1Y4
- School
of Engineering, University of Guelph, Thornbrough Building, 80 South Ring
Road E, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 1Y4
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40
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Griffiths K, Kostakis GE. Transformative 3d-4f coordination cluster carriers. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:12011-12034. [PMID: 30051130 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02362j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this perspective is to summarise the use of the reported 3d-4f Coordination Clusters (CCs) in catalytic reactions and to demonstrate the potential of this emerging field. The pioneering work of Shibasaki, Matsunaga and others, demonstrated the use of 3d-4f in situ systems to catalyse asymmetric organic transformations. Our recent studies show that well characterised 3d-4f CCs catalyse numerous organic transformations and useful mechanistic aspects of their catalysis can be obtained. Furthermore, we have shown that by manipulation of the metal ion coordination environment; the nature of the 3d and lanthanide ions and the organic periphery of the ligand can all improve the efficacy of a 3d-4f CC catalyst. All in situ formed and well characterized 3d-4f CCs involved in catalysis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran Griffiths
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK.
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41
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Xia L, Wang WZ, Liu S, Jia XG, Zhang YH, Li LL, Wu Y, Su BY, Geng SB, Fan W. New Coordination Complexes Based on the 2,6-bis[1-(Phenylimino)ethyl] Pyridine Ligand: Effective Catalysts for the Synthesis of Propylene Carbonates from Carbon Dioxide and Epoxides. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092304. [PMID: 30201888 PMCID: PMC6225293 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to develop new effective catalysts for the synthesis of propylene carbonate from propylene oxide and carbon dioxide. A kind of Mx+LClx coordination complex was fabricated based on the chelating tridentate ligand 2,6-bis[1-(phenylimino)ethyl] pyridine (L). The obtained products were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It was found that the catalytic activity of the complexes with different metal ions, the same ligand differed and co-catalyst, where the order of greatest to least catalytic activity was 2 > 3 > 1. The catalytic system composed of complex 2 and DMAP proved to have the better catalytic performance. The yields for complex 2 systems was 86.7% under the reaction conditions of 100 °C, 2.5 MPa, and 4 h. The TOF was 1026 h−1 under the reaction conditions of 200 °C, 2.5 MPa, and 1 h. We also explored the influence of time, pressure, temperature, and reaction substrate concentration on the catalytic reactions. A hypothetical catalytic reaction mechanism is proposed based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations and the catalytic reaction results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Wen-Zhen Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Shuang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Xin-Gang Jia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Ying-Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, TianJin 300071, China.
| | - Lei-Lei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Ya Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Bi-Yun Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Shu-Bo Geng
- Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, TianJin 300071, China.
| | - Wei Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
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42
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Lee Y, Choi J, Kim H. Stereocontrolled, Divergent, Al(lll)-Catalyzed Coupling of Chiral N-Aryl Epoxy Amines and CO2. Org Lett 2018; 20:5036-5039. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuseop Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
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43
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Muthuraj R, Mekonnen T. Recent progress in carbon dioxide (CO2) as feedstock for sustainable materials development: Co-polymers and polymer blends. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.04.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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44
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Thevenon A, Cyriac A, Myers D, White AJP, Durr CB, Williams CK. Indium Catalysts for Low-Pressure CO 2/Epoxide Ring-Opening Copolymerization: Evidence for a Mononuclear Mechanism? J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6893-6903. [PMID: 29782169 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b01920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The alternating copolymerization of CO2/epoxides is a useful means to incorporate high levels of carbon dioxide into polymers. The reaction is generally proposed to occur by bimetallic or bicomponent pathways. Here, the first indium catalysts are presented, which are proposed to operate by a distinct mononuclear pathway. The most active and selective catalysts are phosphasalen complexes, which feature ligands comprising two iminophosphoranes linked to sterically hindered ortho-phenolates. The catalysts are active at 1 bar pressure of carbon dioxide and are most effective without any cocatalyst. They show low-pressure activity (1 bar pressure) and yield polymer with high carbonate linkage selectivity (>99%) and isoselectivity ( Pm > 70%). Using these complexes, it is also possible to isolate and characterize key catalytic intermediates, including the propagating indium alkoxide and carbonate complexes that are rarely studied. The catalysts are mononuclear under polymerization conditions, and the key intermediates show different coordination geometries: the alkoxide complex is pentacoordinate, while the carbonate is hexacoordinate. Kinetic analyses reveal a first-order dependence on catalyst concentration and are zero-order in carbon dioxide pressure; these findings together with in situ spectroscopic studies underpin the mononuclear pathway. More generally, this research highlights the future opportunity for other homogeneous catalysts, featuring larger ionic radius metals and new ligands, to operate by mononuclear mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Thevenon
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , 13 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , United Kingdom
| | - Anish Cyriac
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Myers
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J P White
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Christopher B Durr
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , 13 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte K Williams
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , 13 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , United Kingdom
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45
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Zhu W, Du L, Qian S, Yang Q, Song W. Copolymerization of carbon dioxide and propylene oxide by several metallosalen-based bifunctional catalysts. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201800051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Polymer Materials of Anhui Province; Anhui University; Hefei PR China
| | - Longchao Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Polymer Materials of Anhui Province; Anhui University; Hefei PR China
| | - Siyu Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Polymer Materials of Anhui Province; Anhui University; Hefei PR China
| | - Qingsong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Polymer Materials of Anhui Province; Anhui University; Hefei PR China
| | - Wanjie Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Polymer Materials of Anhui Province; Anhui University; Hefei PR China
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46
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Chang CH, Tsai CY, Lin WJ, Su YC, Chuang HJ, Liu WL, Chen CT, Chen CK, Ko BT. Alternating copolymerization of epoxides with carbon dioxide or cyclic anhydrides using bimetallic nickel and cobalt catalysts: Preparation of hydrophilic nanofibers from functionalized polyesters. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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47
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Meléndez DO, Lara-Sánchez A, Martínez J, Wu X, Otero A, Castro-Osma JA, North M, Rojas RS. Amidinate Aluminium Complexes as Catalysts for Carbon Dioxide Fixation into Cyclic Carbonates. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201702014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danay Osorio Meléndez
- Nucleus Millennium Chemical Processes and Catalysis (CPC); Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica; Facultad de Química; Universidad Católica de Chile; Casilla 306 Santiago-22 6094411 Chile
| | - Agustín Lara-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica; Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; Campus Universitario 13071- Ciudad Real Spain
| | - Javier Martínez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica; Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; Campus Universitario 13071- Ciudad Real Spain
| | - Xiao Wu
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence; Department of Chemistry; The University of York; York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Antonio Otero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica; Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; Campus Universitario 13071- Ciudad Real Spain
| | - José A. Castro-Osma
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica; Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; 02071- Albacete Spain
| | - Michael North
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence; Department of Chemistry; The University of York; York YO10 5DD UK
| | - René S. Rojas
- Nucleus Millennium Chemical Processes and Catalysis (CPC); Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica; Facultad de Química; Universidad Católica de Chile; Casilla 306 Santiago-22 6094411 Chile
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48
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Darensbourg DJ. Comments on the depolymerization of polycarbonates derived from epoxides and carbon dioxide: A mini review. Polym Degrad Stab 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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49
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Artz J, Müller TE, Thenert K, Kleinekorte J, Meys R, Sternberg A, Bardow A, Leitner W. Sustainable Conversion of Carbon Dioxide: An Integrated Review of Catalysis and Life Cycle Assessment. Chem Rev 2017; 118:434-504. [PMID: 29220170 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 875] [Impact Index Per Article: 125.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CO2 conversion covers a wide range of possible application areas from fuels to bulk and commodity chemicals and even to specialty products with biological activity such as pharmaceuticals. In the present review, we discuss selected examples in these areas in a combined analysis of the state-of-the-art of synthetic methodologies and processes with their life cycle assessment. Thereby, we attempted to assess the potential to reduce the environmental footprint in these application fields relative to the current petrochemical value chain. This analysis and discussion differs significantly from a viewpoint on CO2 utilization as a measure for global CO2 mitigation. Whereas the latter focuses on reducing the end-of-pipe problem "CO2 emissions" from todays' industries, the approach taken here tries to identify opportunities by exploiting a novel feedstock that avoids the utilization of fossil resource in transition toward more sustainable future production. Thus, the motivation to develop CO2-based chemistry does not depend primarily on the absolute amount of CO2 emissions that can be remediated by a single technology. Rather, CO2-based chemistry is stimulated by the significance of the relative improvement in carbon balance and other critical factors defining the environmental impact of chemical production in all relevant sectors in accord with the principles of green chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Artz
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 2, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Thomas E Müller
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 2, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Katharina Thenert
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 2, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Johanna Kleinekorte
- Chair of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University , Schinkelstrasse 8, Aachen 52056, Germany
| | - Raoul Meys
- Chair of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University , Schinkelstrasse 8, Aachen 52056, Germany
| | - André Sternberg
- Chair of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University , Schinkelstrasse 8, Aachen 52056, Germany
| | - André Bardow
- Chair of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University , Schinkelstrasse 8, Aachen 52056, Germany
| | - Walter Leitner
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 2, Aachen 52074, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstrasse 34-36, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
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50
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Schütze M, Dechert S, Meyer F. Highly Active and Readily Accessible Proline-Based Dizinc Catalyst for CO 2 /Epoxide Copolymerization. Chemistry 2017; 23:16472-16475. [PMID: 29024105 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the pursuit of CO2 -based materials, the development of efficient catalysts for the alternating copolymerization of CO2 and epoxides to give polycarbonates is receiving particular attention. Desirable attributes for such catalysts are high copolymerization activity at low CO2 pressure, as well as chemo- and stereocontrol over the formed polymer. Here, we report a novel chiral zinc catalyst that can be isolated in 97 % yield from commercial sources, and that produces polycarbonates selectively from neat cyclohexene oxide under 1 bar of CO2 pressure at temperatures above 50 °C. At 80 °C reaction temperature, TONs of 1684 and initial TOFs up to 149 h-1 were measured, producing an isotactic-enriched polycarbonate with a probability Pm of 65 % for the formation of a meso diad. Insight into the dinuclear nature of the active species and the copolymerization progress has been gained from structural and spectroscopic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Schütze
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstr. 4, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstr. 4, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstr. 4, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
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