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Balakrishnan J, Muthukumar P, Arputharaj DS, Christopher PVM, Karuppannan S, Kittusamy S. Theoretical investigations of the substituent effect on the opto-electronic properties of the linearly fused napthadithiophene-based molecules. J Comput Chem 2024; 45:915-929. [PMID: 38170163 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The optoelectronic and charge transport properties of eight linearly fused Napthadithiophene (NDT) molecules with different electron-withdrawing (EWG) and electron-donating (EDG) substituents are studied using the density functional theory (DFT) methods. The effect of the substitution of EWG and EDG on the molecular structure, frontier molecular orbitals, ionization energy, electron affinity, reorganization energy, crystal packing, and charge carrier mobility are studied. The crystal structure simulation method is used to optimize the possible crystal packing arrangements for the studied molecules. The energy and distribution of electron density on the frontier molecular orbitals are strongly influenced by the substitution of EWG and EDG, thereby changes in the absorption spectrum and charge transport properties. The unsubstituted NDT molecule possesses a maximum hole mobility of 2.8 cm2 V-1 s-1, which is due to the strong intermolecular interactions. Therefore, the NDT molecule can be used as a p-type semiconducting material. Among the studied molecules, the CCH-substituted NDT molecule, NDT-CCH, possesses a higher electron mobility of 1.13 cm2 V-1 s-1. The C2H5-substituted NDT molecule, NDT-C2H5, possesses ambipolar behavior with mobility of 4.77 × 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1 and 1.70 × 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1 for hole and electron, respectively.
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Pavithrakumar M, Krishnan S, Senthilkumar K. Charge Transport and Optical Absorption Properties of Dibenzocoronene Tetracarboxdiimide Based Liquid Crystalline Molecules: A Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:3852-3862. [PMID: 33938734 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Structure, optical absorption, and charge transport properties of dibenzocoronene tetracarboxdiimide (DCDI) based molecules were studied using electronic structure calculations. Based on the optimized neutral, cationic, and anionic geometries the ionized state properties, such as ionization potential, electron affinity, hole extraction potential, electron extraction potentials, and reorganization energy, were calculated. On the basis of the ground state geometry of the studied molecules, the absorption spectra were calculated using the time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) method at the PBE0/def-TZVP level of theory. It has been observed that the substitution of different functional groups significantly alters the absorption spectra of DCDI. The methoxy- (OCH3-) substituted DCDI molecule has a maximum absorption wavelength of 529 nm. The charge transport parameters, such as the charge transfer integral, spatial overlap integral, and the site energy, are calculated directly from the Kohn-Sham matrix elements. The reorganization energy for the presence of excess positive and negative charges and the charge transfer rate calculated from Marcus' theory were used to find the mobility of charge carriers. The computed results show that the mobility of charge carriers is strongly influenced by the functional groups present on the DCDI molecule. The effect of intermolecular structural fluctuations on charge transport properties was studied through molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations based on the polaron hopping mechanism. The calculated charge carrier mobility shows that the cyano- (CN-) substituted DCDI molecules are having n-type semiconducting property while, methoxy- (OCH3-) and thiol- (SH-) substituted DCDI molecules exhibit ambipolar semiconducting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pavithrakumar
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641 046, India
| | - S Krishnan
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641 046, India
| | - K Senthilkumar
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641 046, India
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Barboza CA, Gawrys P, Banasiewicz M, Kozankiewicz B, Sobolewski AL. Substituent effects on the photophysical properties of tris(salicylideneanilines). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:1156-1164. [PMID: 33350404 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04385k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The role of electron acceptor/donor group substitution on the photophysical properties of tris(salicylideneanilines) (TSANs) was investigated. These compounds were synthesised and characterised through spectroscopic techniques including steady state absorption and emission spectroscopies. Their photochemical reaction mechanisms and properties were explored with the aid of ab initio methods of quantum chemistry. The obtained results allow us to verify the dependence of multiple emission bands on the substitution of electron donating and accepting groups to the tris(salicylideneaniline) core. The results also stress the differences in phosphorescence behaviour of TSANs for which this type of emission has not been reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina A Barboza
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Pawel Gawrys
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marzena Banasiewicz
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Bolesław Kozankiewicz
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Andrzej L Sobolewski
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, Warsaw, Poland.
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Zhang Y, Hanifi DA, Fernández-Liencres MP, Klivansky LM, Ma B, Navarro A, Liu Y. Understanding Electron Transport in Disk-Shaped Triphenylene-Tris(naphthaleneimidazole)s through Structural Modification and Theoretical Investigation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:20010-20019. [PMID: 28534391 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Disk-shaped molecules with large aromatic π-surfaces are a class of organic semiconductors in which the charge-carrier transport properties could be greatly facilitated by preferred intermolecular stacking of the π-surfaces. The optical and electronic properties are not only determined by the core aromatic structure of these disk-shaped molecules but are also strongly dependent on the side chains, which directly impact the molecular self-assembly behavior in condensed phases. Triphenylene-tris(naphthaleneimidazole) (TP-TNI) is a recently reported n-type semiconductor featuring a large π-core and branched side chains, with an electron-transporting mobility reaching 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1. To further improve material performance, a detailed study is needed to understand the dependence of carrier transport properties on both the core electronic structure and side chain. Here, we present the detailed synthesis and characterization of a TP-TNI derivative bearing linear side chains, which has demonstrated a field-effect electron-transport mobility of up to 1.3 × 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1. The more than 1 order improvement in electron-transport properties over the branched side chain homologue can be correlated to ordered twisted packing in the thin film, as revealed by in situ variable temperature grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering studies. In-depth theoretical understanding of the frontier orbitals, reorganization energies, and charge-transfer integrals of TP-TNI molecules has provided further insight into the relationship between the molecular stacking geometry and charge-transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- The Molecular Foundry and Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University , 30 South Puzhu Road, 211816 Nanjing, China
| | - David A Hanifi
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Palo Alto, California 94305, United States
| | - M Paz Fernández-Liencres
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad de Jaén , Campus Las Lagunillas, E23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Liana M Klivansky
- The Molecular Foundry and Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Biwu Ma
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Materials Science Program, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Amparo Navarro
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad de Jaén , Campus Las Lagunillas, E23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry and Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Xue Y, Dou Y, An L, Zheng Y, Zhang L, Liu Y. Electronic structure and spectral properties of aurones as visible range fluorescent probes: a DFT/TDDFT study. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25733f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A DFT and TDDFT study was performed to understand the electronic and optical properties of aurone and its amine-substituted derivatives as potential fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
- School of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical College
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Yunyan Dou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
- School of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical College
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Lin An
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
- School of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical College
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Youguang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
- School of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical College
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
- School of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical College
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Yi Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
- School of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical College
- Xuzhou
- China
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Nandi D, Maity A. Synthesis, nanostructure evaluation and tunable anomalous 3D hopping transport of manganese ferrite encapsulated poly[3,4-(ethylenedioxy)thiophene] decorated graphene layer. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01904d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A straightforward novel synthetic approach of manganese ferrite encapsulated poly[3,4-(ethylenedioxy)thiophene] nanocomposite decorated on a graphene layer (NIPG) is engineered assisted by dodecyl benzene sulphonic acid as surfactant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Nandi
- Department of Civil and Chemical Engineering
- University of South Africa (UNISA)
- South Africa
| | - Arjun Maity
- Department of Civil and Chemical Engineering
- University of South Africa (UNISA)
- South Africa
- DST/CSIR National Centre for Nano-Structured Materials
- Materials Science and Manufacturing
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