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Pach A, Zaryczny A, Podborska A, Luty-Błocho M. The Role of Ascorbic Acid in the Process of Azo Dye Degradation in Aqueous Solution. Molecules 2024; 29:3659. [PMID: 39125065 PMCID: PMC11313820 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, the role of ascorbic acid in the process of azo dye degradation was explained. For this purpose, the kinetics of azo dye degradation under different conditions was studied. Among them, the influence of daylight protection/exposition, different concentrations of ascorbic acid (0.567-0.014 mol/dm3), and temperature (20 °C and 50 °C) on the rate of the dyes' degradation was considered. For this process, the kinetic equation was proposed, which indicates that the process of azo dye degradation using ascorbic acid is first order. Moreover, the observed rate constants were determined, and the mechanism of azo dye degradation was proposed. Spectrophotometry results, together with FTIR, fluorescence spectroscopy, and DFT calculations, explain the origin of the decolorization of the azo dyes and highlight the role of ascorbic acid in this process. Detailed analysis of the obtained products indicates that the process itself goes through several stages in which equally or more toxic compounds are formed. Obtained results from LCMS studies indicate that during tropaeolin OO degradation, 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine (m/z 185.1073) is formed. Thus, the process of azo dye degradation should be carried out in protective conditions. The proposed mechanism suggests that ascorbic acid at high content levels can be used for azo dye degradation from aqueous solution and can be an alternative method for their removal/neutralization from waste solution but with caution during the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Pach
- AGH University of Krakow, Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (A.P.)
| | - Aleksandra Zaryczny
- AGH University of Krakow, Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (A.P.)
| | - Agnieszka Podborska
- AGH University of Krakow, Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Luty-Błocho
- AGH University of Krakow, Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (A.P.)
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Ieritano C, Haack A, Hopkins WS. Chemical Transformations Can Occur during DMS Separations: Lessons Learned from Beer's Bittering Compounds. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023. [PMID: 37310853 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
While developing a DMS-based separation method for beer's bittering compounds, we observed that the argentinated forms of humulone tautomers (i.e., [Hum + Ag]+) were partially resolvable in a N2 environment seeded with 1.5 mol % of isopropyl alcohol (IPA). Attempting to improve the separation by introducing resolving gas unexpectedly caused the peaks for the cis-keto and trans-keto tautomers of [Hum + Ag]+ to coalesce. To understand why resolution loss occurred, we first confirmed that each of the tautomeric forms (i.e., dienol, cis-keto, and trans-keto) responsible for the three peaks in the [Hum + Ag]+ ionogram were assigned to the correct species by employing collision-induced dissociation, UV photodissociation spectroscopy, and hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX). The observation of HDX indicated that proton transfer was stimulated by dynamic clustering processes between IPA and [Hum + Ag]+ during DMS transit. Because IPA accretion preferentially occurs at Ag+, which can form pseudocovalent bonds with a suitable electron donor, solvent clustering also facilitated the formation of exceptionally stable microsolvated ions. The exceptional stability of these microsolvated configurations disproportionately impacted the compensation voltage (CV) required to elute each tautomer when the temperature within the DMS cell was varied. The disparity in CV response caused the peaks for the cis- and trans-keto species to merge when a temperature gradient was induced by the resolving gas. Moreover, simulations showed that microsolvation with IPA mediates dienol to trans-keto tautomerization during DMS transit, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first observation of keto/enol tautomerization occurring within an ion-mobility device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Ieritano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Watermine Innovation, Waterloo, Ontario N0B 2T0, Canada
| | - Alexander Haack
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - W Scott Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Watermine Innovation, Waterloo, Ontario N0B 2T0, Canada
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research, 17 W Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong
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3
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Galiński B, Chojnacki J, Wagner-Wysiecka E. Simple colorimetric copper(II) sensor - Spectral characterization and possible applications. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 293:122472. [PMID: 36801733 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
New o-hydroxyazocompound L bearing pyrrole residue was obtained in the simple synthetic protocol. The structure of L was confirmed and analyzed by X-ray diffraction. It was found that new chemosensor can be successfully used as copper(II) selective spectrophotometric regent in solution and can be also applied for the preparation of sensing materials generating selective color signal upon interaction with copper(II). Selective colorimetric response towards copper(II) is manifested by a distinct color change from yellow to pink. Proposed systems were effectively used for copper(II) determination at concentration level 10-8 M in model and real samples of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Błażej Galiński
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jarosław Chojnacki
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Wagner-Wysiecka
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; Advanced Materials Center, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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4
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Ngororabanga JMV, Dembaremba TO, Mama N, Tshentu ZR. Azo-hydrazone tautomerism in a simple coumarin azo dye and its contribution to the naked-eye detection of Cu 2+ and other potential applications. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 289:122202. [PMID: 36521339 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A new tailor-made azo dye of coumarin connected to phenolic derivative is presented herein. Azo-hydrazone tautomerism in aqueous solution of the dye was observed and studied using spectroscopic assays such as 1H NMR, absorption and emission assays, and theoretical studies. Tautomerism was attributed to the presence of a labile phenolic hydrogen in the ortho position to the azo functionality and the hydrazone was found to be the more dominant tautomer. Influence of metal ions on the azo-hydrazone chemical equilibrium and how the accompanying colour and spectroscopic changes can be exploited for various functions, especially the detection and quantification of Cu2+ in aqueous environments was explored. The presence of Cu2+ affects the azo-hydrazone equilibrium resulting in visual appearance and spectroscopic changes and the likely binding sites for Cu2+ were evaluated. Cu2+ pushes the azo-hydrazone equilibrium towards the more conjugated form and the presence of other metal ions does not have any perceivable impact on this mechanism. The dye showed potential applications as a sensor in colorimetric and spectroscopic detection and quantification of Cu2+ in domestic and environmental water samples, photo-imprinting and as a logic gate. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) for Cu2+ were found to be 0.0779 mg/L and 0.236 mg/L, respectively, much lower than the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline limit for Cu2+ levels in drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Marie Vianney Ngororabanga
- Department of Mathematics, Sciences and Physical Education, University of Rwanda College of Education, Po Box 55 Rwamagana-Eastern Province, Rwanda.
| | - Tendai O Dembaremba
- Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
| | - Neliswa Mama
- Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
| | - Zenixole R Tshentu
- Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
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5
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Jongjitphisut N, Thitikornpong W, Wichitnithad W, Thanusuwannasak T, Vajragupta O, Rojsitthisak P. A Stability-Indicating Assay for Tetrahydrocurcumin-Diglutaric Acid and Its Applications to Evaluate Bioaccessibility in an In Vitro Digestive Model. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041678. [PMID: 36838664 PMCID: PMC9966976 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A simple and reliable ultra-high-performance liquid chromatographic (UHPLC) method was developed and validated for determination of tetrahydrocurcumin diglutaric acid (TDG) and applied for evaluation of its bioaccessibility. The analytical method was validated to demonstrate as a stability-indicating assay (SIA) according to the ICH Q2(R1) guidelines under various force degradation conditions including thermal degradation, moisture, acid and base hydrolysis, oxidation, and photolysis. The developed chromatographic condition could completely separate all degradants from the analyte of interest. The method linearity was verified in the range of 0.4-12 μg/mL with the coefficient of determination (r2) > 0.995. The accuracy and precision of the method provided %recovery in the range of 98.9-104.2% and %RSD lower than 4.97%, respectively. The limit of detection and quantitation were found to be 0.25 μg/mL and 0.40 μg/mL, respectively. This method has been successfully applied for the bioaccessibility assessment of TDG with the bioaccessibility of TDG approximately four fold greater than THC in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. The validated SIA method can also benefit the quality control of TDG raw materials in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattapong Jongjitphisut
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Government Pharmaceutical Organization, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Worathat Thitikornpong
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2-218-8315; Fax: +66-2-254-5195
| | - Wisut Wichitnithad
- Department of Analytical and Clinical Development, Pharma Nueva Co., Ltd., Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Thanundorn Thanusuwannasak
- CU Drug and Health Products Innovation Promotion Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Opa Vajragupta
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Molecular Probes for Imaging Research Network, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pornchai Rojsitthisak
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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6
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Patil PS, Gupta PO, Sekar N. Anthrone‐Benzothiazole Based Heterocyclic Disperse Azo Dyes: Synthesis, Dyeing, UV Protection Property, Anti‐Bacterial Activity, and Computational Study. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Praful S. Patil
- Dyestuff Technology Department (Currently named Department of Specialty Chemicals Technology) Institute of Chemical Technology Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga 400019 Mumbai Maharashtra India
| | - Puja O. Gupta
- Dyestuff Technology Department (Currently named Department of Specialty Chemicals Technology) Institute of Chemical Technology Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga 400019 Mumbai Maharashtra India
| | - Nagaiyan Sekar
- Dyestuff Technology Department (Currently named Department of Specialty Chemicals Technology) Institute of Chemical Technology Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga 400019 Mumbai Maharashtra India
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7
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Yaman M, İpek Dirin E, Kaplan G, Seferoğlu N, Seferoğlu Z. The synthesis, photophysical properties, DFT study and textile applications of fluorescent azo dyes bearing coumarin-thiazole. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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8
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Zhang F, Du T, Jiang L, Zhu L, Tian D. A combined “AIE + ESIPT” fluorescent probe for detection of lipase activity. Bioorg Chem 2022; 128:106026. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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9
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Kachi-Terajima C, Inaba Y, Tsuruga K. Synthesis, crystal structure and determination of the p K
a value of 2,6-dimethoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione 1-[2-(quinolin-8-yl)hydrazone]. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2022; 78:371-375. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053229622005368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The azo-coupling reaction between 8-aminoquinoline and 3,5-dimethoxyphenol produces 2,6-dimethoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione 1-[2-(quinolin-8-yl)hydrazone], C17H15N3O3. Crystallization from methanol and strong alkaline solutions produced nonsolvated and solvated crystals, respectively. The crystal structure analysis and 1H NMR spectroscopy studies revealed that the compound exists only as the hydrazone form. A UV–Vis spectroscopic titration study revealed that the hydrazone compound has a relatively high pK
a value of 10.0.
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10
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Thomas OE, Adegoke OA. Synthesis, characterization and solvatochromic behaviour of new water-soluble 8-hydroxy-3,6-disulphonaphthyl azohydroxynaphthalenes. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2022.2070903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olusegun E. Thomas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olajire A. Adegoke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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11
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Kachi-Terajima C, Hagiwara S. Synthesis, crystal structure and photophysical properties of chlorido-[( E)-3-hy-droxy-2-methyl-6-(quinolin-8-yldiazen-yl)phenolato]copper(II) monohydrate. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2022; 78:473-476. [PMID: 35547789 PMCID: PMC9069510 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989022003437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The reaction between copper(II) chloride dihydrate and the (E)-2-methyl-4-(quinolin-8-yldiazen-yl)benzene-1,3-diol ligand in aceto-nitrile leads to the formation of the title compound, [Cu(C16H12N3O2)Cl]·H2O. The ligand is deprotonated and coordinates with three donor atoms (tridentate) to the CuII ion. Individual mol-ecules of the CuII complex are connected by chloride bridges, forming a one-dimensional coordination polymer. No photoisomerization to the cis isomer of the azo ligand was observed upon irradiation with UV light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Kachi-Terajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Seiya Hagiwara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
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Solvent- and Light-Sensitive AIEE-Active Azo Dye: From Spherical to 1D and 2D Assemblies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020965. [PMID: 35055154 PMCID: PMC8778914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent molecular assembly systems provide an exciting platform for creating stimuli-responsive nano- and microstructured materials with optical, electronic, and sensing functions. To understand the relationship between (i) the plausible molecular structures preferentially adopted depending on the solvent polarity (such as N,N-dimethylformamide [DMF], tetrahydrofuran [THF], and toluene), (ii) the resulting spectroscopic features, and (iii) self-assembled nano-, micro-, and macrostructures, we chose a sterically crowded triangular azo dye (3Bu) composed of a polar molecular core and three peripheral biphenyl wings. The chromophore changed the solution color from yellow to pink-red depending on the solvent polarity. In a yellow DMF solution, a considerable amount of the twisted azo form could be kept stable with the help of favorable intermolecular interactions with the solvent molecules. By varying the concentration of the DMF solution, the morphology of self-assembled structures was transformed from nanoparticles to micrometer-sized one-dimensional (1D) structures such as sticks and fibers. In a pink-red toluene solution, the periphery of the central ring became more planar. The resulting significant amount of the keto-hydrazone tautomer grew into micro- and millimeter-sized 1D structures. Interestingly, when THF-H2O (1:1) mixtures were stored at a low temperature, elongated fibers were stacked sideways and eventually developed into anisotropic two-dimensional (2D) sheets. Notably, subsequent exposure of visible-light-irradiated sphere samples to solvent vapor resulted in reversible fluorescence off↔on switching accompanied by morphological restoration. These findings suggest that rational selection of organic dyes, solvents, and light is important for developing reusable fluorescent materials.
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Novel N,C,S-TiO 2/WO 3/rGO Z-scheme heterojunction with enhanced visible-light driven photocatalytic performance. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 610:49-60. [PMID: 34920216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Novel N,C,S-TiO2/WO3/rGO Z scheme photocatalyst was successfully synthesized from graphite, TIOT, and ammonium metatungstate precursors. Material characteristics such as crystal structure, surface morphology, functional groups, specific surface area, elemental composition, band gap energy, and electron-hole recombination were characterized by XRD, TEM, BET, SEM/EDX, FT-IR, UV-VIS, and PL methods. The as-synthesized novel N,C,S-TiO2/WO3/rGO Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst exhibited visible light-driven photocatalytic activity (the band gap energy = 2.24 eV), could generate both effective electrons and holes, and presented the lowest electron-hole recombination rate compared to all individual components. Different factors impacting the photocatalytic decomposition of Direct Blue 71 (DB 71) by the N,C,S-TiO2/WO3/rGO system were studied. The results showed that pH of the solution, catalyst load, DB 71 initial concentration, and reaction time affected the DB 71 photocatalytic degradation efficiency. The DB 71 degradation completed after 100 min with a typical efficiency of over 91%, which was much better than other photocatalytic systems. The DB 71 degradation process followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics model with coefficients of determination > 0.95 for all conditions. The photocatalyst was easily regenerated, and exhibited a very good stability, with a photocatalytic degradation efficiency of over 83.0% after 3 cycles.
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Vannucci G, Cañamares MV, Prati S, Sanchez-Cortes S. Analysis of the tautomeric equilibrium of two red monoazo dyes by UV-Visible, Raman and SERS spectroscopies. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 261:120007. [PMID: 34098479 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Acid Red 26 and Acid Red 18 are two early synthetic dyes belonging to the monazo dye class. The molecular structure of this class of dyes is characterized by the chromophoric azo group (NN) generally attached to benzene or naphthalene derivatives containing electron withdrawing and/or donating groups as substituents. As both red dyes have an OH group in ortho- position respect to the azo group, they undergo an azo-hydrazone tautomerism. In this work, UV-Vis, Raman and SERS spectroscopic analysis of the red dye solutions were carried out at different pH conditions, in order to evaluate the preponderance of one tautomer over the other as a function of the pH. Different experimental conditions were tested in order to find the best ones for the detection of both dyes. Thus, Raman spectra of the powder and aqueous solutions of AR26 and AR18 were obtained at the natural pH of the solutions, and above and below that value. The SERS analysis of the dye solutions were carried out at various pH values between 2 and 10, and with excitation at 442, 532 and 633 nm. The molecular structure and the theoretical Raman spectra of the two tautomers of both red dyes were calculated by DFT methods. The obtained results were used for the assignment of the Acid Red 26 and Acid Red 18 vibrational modes. Finally, a textile sample dyed with AR18 was analyzed by SERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Vannucci
- Microchemistry and Microscopy Art Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Bologna, Via Guaccimanni 42, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Maria Vega Cañamares
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, IEM-CSIC, calle Serano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Silvia Prati
- Microchemistry and Microscopy Art Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Bologna, Via Guaccimanni 42, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
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15
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Morphologically Diverse Micro- and Macrostructures Created via Solvent Evaporation-Induced Assembly of Fluorescent Spherical Particles in the Presence of Polyethylene Glycol Derivatives. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144294. [PMID: 34299568 PMCID: PMC8304015 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The creation of fluorescent micro- and macrostructures with the desired morphologies and sizes is of considerable importance due to their intrinsic functions and performance. However, it is still challenging to modulate the morphology of fluorescent organic materials and to obtain insight into the factors governing the morphological evolution. We present a facile bottom-up approach to constructing diverse micro- and macrostructures by connecting fluorescent spherical particles (SPs), which are generated via the spherical assembly of photoisomerizable azobenzene-based propeller-shaped chromophores, only with the help of commercially available polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivatives. Without any extra additives, solvent evaporation created a slow morphological evolution of the SPs from short linear chains (with a length of a few micrometers) to larger, interconnected networks and sheet structures (ranging from tens to >100 µm) at the air–liquid interface. Their morphologies and sizes were significantly dependent on the fraction and length of the PEG. Our experimental results suggest that noncovalent interactions (such as hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bonding) between the amphiphilic PEG chains and the relatively hydrophobic SPs were weak in aqueous solutions, but play a crucial role in creating the morphologically diverse micro- and macrostructures. Moreover, short-term irradiation with visible light caused fast morphological crumpling and fluorescence switching of the obtained structures.
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16
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Wang EZ, Wang Y, Xiao D. Polymer Nanocomposites for Photocatalytic Degradation and Photoinduced Utilizations of Azo-Dyes. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1215. [PMID: 33918713 PMCID: PMC8069933 DOI: 10.3390/polym13081215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Specially designed polymer nanocomposites can photo-catalytically degrade azo dyes in wastewater and textile effluents, among which TiO2-based nanocomposites are outstanding and extensively explored. Other nanocomposites based on natural polymers (i.e., chitosan and kaolin) and the oxides of Al, Au, B, Bi, Fe, Li, and Zr are commonly used. These nanocomposites have better photocatalytic efficiency than pure TiO2 through two considerations: (i) reducing the hole/electron recombination rate by stabilizing the excited electron in the conducting band, which can be achieved in TiO2-nanocomposites with graphene, graphene oxide, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), metal nanoparticles, or doping; (ii) decreasing the band energy of semiconductors by forming nanocomposites between TiO2 and other oxides or conducting polymers. Increasing the absorbance efficiency by forming special nanocomposites also increases photocatalytic performance. The photo-induced isomerization is exploited in biological systems, such as artificial muscles, and in technical fields such as memory storage and liquid crystal display. Heteroaryl azo dyes show remarkable shifts in photo-induced isomerization, which can be applied in biological and technical fields in place of azo dyes. The self-assembly methods can be employed to synthesize azo-dye polymer nanocomposites via three types of interactions: electrostatic interactions, London forces or dipole/dipole interactions between azo dyes, and photo alignments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Z. Wang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine Ithaca, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
| | - Yigui Wang
- Center for Integrative Materials Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Engineering, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT 06515, USA;
| | - Dequan Xiao
- Center for Integrative Materials Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Engineering, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT 06515, USA;
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17
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Rashidnejad H, Ramezanitaghartapeh M, Pesyan NN, Mahon PJ, Raposo M, Coelho PJ, Lup ANK, Soltani A. A comprehensive spectroscopic, solvatochromic and photochemical analysis of 5-hydroxyquinoline and 8-hydroxyquinoline mono-azo dyes. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Mohammed SJ, Salih AK, Rashid MAM, Omer KM, Abdalkarim KA. Synthesis, Spectroscopic Studies and Keto-Enol Tautomerism of Novel 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivative Containing 3-Mercaptobutan-2-one and Quinazolin-4-one Moieties. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225441. [PMID: 33233669 PMCID: PMC7699804 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivative containing 3-mercaptobutan-2-one and quinazolin-4-one moieties (Compound 3) is synthesized by the coupling of 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-(3-mercaptobutan-2-one) (Compound 1) with 2-Phenyl-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one (Compound 2) in one molecule moiety. Compound 3 is found to exist as two types of intra-molecular hydrogen bonding with keto-enol tautomerism characters, which is further confirmed using FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, mass spectrometer, and UV-Visible spectra. The 1H-NMR and UV-Visible spectra of Compound 3 are investigated in different solvents such as methanol, chloroform, and DMSO. Compound 3 exhibits keto-enol tautomeric forms in solvents with different percentage ratios depending on the solvent polarity. The 1H-NMR and UV-Visible spectral results show that Compound 3 favors the keto over the enol form in polar aprotic solvents such as DMSO and the enol over the keto form in non-polar solvents such as chloroform. The 13C-NMR spectrum gives two singles at δ 204.5 ppm, due to ketonic carbon, and δ 155.5 ppm, due to enolic carbon, confirming the keto-enol tautomerism of Compound 3. Furthermore, the molecular ion at m/z 43 and m/z 407 in the mass spectrum of Compound 3 and fragmentation mechanisms proposed reveal the existence of the keto and enol forms, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sewara J. Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani 46002, Iraq; (A.K.S.); (M.A.M.R.); (K.A.A.)
- Correspondence: (S.J.M.); (K.M.O.); Tel.: +964-770-193-2570 (S.J.M.); +964-770-505-6061 (K.M.O.)
| | - Akam K. Salih
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani 46002, Iraq; (A.K.S.); (M.A.M.R.); (K.A.A.)
| | - Mohammad Amin M. Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani 46002, Iraq; (A.K.S.); (M.A.M.R.); (K.A.A.)
| | - Khalid M. Omer
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani 46002, Iraq; (A.K.S.); (M.A.M.R.); (K.A.A.)
- Komar Research Center (KRC), Komar University of Science and Technology, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani 46002, Iraq
- Correspondence: (S.J.M.); (K.M.O.); Tel.: +964-770-193-2570 (S.J.M.); +964-770-505-6061 (K.M.O.)
| | - Karzan A. Abdalkarim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani 46002, Iraq; (A.K.S.); (M.A.M.R.); (K.A.A.)
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19
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Shmool TA, Martin LK, Clarke CJ, Bui-Le L, Polizzi KM, Hallett JP. Exploring conformational preferences of proteins: ionic liquid effects on the energy landscape of avidin. Chem Sci 2020; 12:196-209. [PMID: 34163590 PMCID: PMC8178808 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04991c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work we experimentally investigate solvent and temperature induced conformational transitions of proteins and examine the role of ion–protein interactions in determining the conformational preferences of avidin, a homotetrameric glycoprotein, in choline-based ionic liquid (IL) solutions. Avidin was modified by surface cationisation and the addition of anionic surfactants, and the structural, thermal, and conformational stabilities of native and modified avidin were examined using dynamic light scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis experiments. The protein-surfactant nanoconjugates showed higher thermostability behaviour compared to unmodified avidin, demonstrating distinct conformational ensembles. Small-angle X-ray scattering data showed that with increasing IL concentration, avidin became more compact, interpreted in the context of molecular confinement. To experimentally determine the detailed effects of IL on the energy landscape of avidin, differential scanning fluorimetry and variable temperature circular dichroism spectroscopy were performed. We show that different IL solutions can influence avidin conformation and thermal stability, and we provide insight into the effects of ILs on the folding pathways and thermodynamics of proteins. To further study the effects of ILs on avidin binding and correlate thermostability with conformational heterogeneity, we conducted a binding study. We found the ILs examined inhibited ligand binding in native avidin while enhancing binding in the modified protein, indicating ILs can influence the conformational stability of the distinct proteins differently. Significantly, this work presents a systematic strategy to explore protein conformational space and experimentally detect and characterise ‘invisible’ rare conformations using ILs. Revealing solvent and temperature induced conformational transitions of proteins and the role of ion–protein interactions in determining the conformational preferences of avidin in ionic liquids.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia A Shmool
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK +44 (0)20 7594 5388
| | - Laura K Martin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK +44 (0)20 7594 5388.,Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Coby J Clarke
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK +44 (0)20 7594 5388
| | - Liem Bui-Le
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK +44 (0)20 7594 5388
| | - Karen M Polizzi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK +44 (0)20 7594 5388.,Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Jason P Hallett
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK +44 (0)20 7594 5388
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20
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Korzec M, Malarz K, Mrozek-Wilczkiewicz A, Rzycka-Korzec R, Schab-Balcerzak E, Polański J. Live cell imaging by 3-imino-(2-phenol)-1,8-naphthalimides: The effect of ex vivo hydrolysis. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 238:118442. [PMID: 32408229 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A series of 3-amino-N-substituted-1,8-naphthalimides and their salicylic Schiff base derivatives were synthesized. The structure of the obtained compounds was confirmed using 1H and 13C NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis and COSY and HMQC for the representative molecules. The photophysical (UV-Vis, PL) and biological properties of all of the prepared compounds were studied. It was found that the amine with the n-hexyl group in EtOH had the highest PL quantum yield (Ф = 85%) compared to the others. Moreover, the chelating properties of the azomethines with the n-hexyl group (1a, 1b, 1c) were tested against various cations (Al3+, Ba2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Cr3+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Sr2+ and Zn2+) in an acetonitrile, acetone and PBS/AC mixture. Compounds that contained the electron withdrawing groups (-Br, -I) had the ability to chelate most of the studied cations, while the unsubstituted derivative chelated only the trivalent cations such as Al3+, Cr3+ and Fe3+ in acetonitrile. The effect of the environment on the keto-enol tautomeric equilibrium was also demonstrated, especially in the case of the derivative with a bromine atom. The biological studies showed that the tested molecules had no cytotoxicity. Additionally, the ability to image intracellular organelles such as the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum was revealed. The crucial role of the hydrolysis of imines for cellular imaging was presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Korzec
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Malarz
- A. Chelkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland; Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Anna Mrozek-Wilczkiewicz
- A. Chelkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland; Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Roksana Rzycka-Korzec
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland; Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Jarosław Polański
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland; Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
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21
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Suzuki Y, Ikeda A, Ohno K, Fujihara T, Sugaya T, Ishihara K. o-Azophenylboronic Acid-Based Colorimetric Sensors for d-Fructose: o-Azophenylboronic Acids with Inserted Protic Solvent Are the Key Species for a Large Color Change. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9680-9693. [PMID: 32639160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Many boronic acid-based chemosensors for saccharides have been developed; however, their detection mechanisms have seldom been studied. In this study, we synthesized 10 o-azophenylboronic acid derivatives (azoBs) and conducted a fundamental study on the reactivity and the sensing mechanism of azoBs, which undergoes a large color change, e.g., from red to yellow, upon a reaction with saccharides. Their pH-independent formation constants were determined by spectrophotometric titration and then converted to the conditional formation constant K' at pH 7.4. A linear free energy relationship was established between log K' and the pKa of azoB. 11B NMR measurements indicate that in aprotic solvents, azoB forms a trigonal planar structure, while in protic solvents, it forms a quasi-tetrahedral structure (azoB-ROH) with a protic solvent molecule (ROH) inserted between the boronic acid moiety and the azo group. In addition, UV-vis spectroscopic studies showed that the color change during the reaction between azoB and d-fructose in ROH was caused by the release of the ROH from azoB-ROH by d-fructose. Based on the findings in this study, we proposed a guideline for designing an azoB-based chemosensor that exhibits high reactivity toward saccharides and a sufficient color change to allow for the visual detection of saccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yota Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Ayumi Ikeda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Keiji Ohno
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Takashi Fujihara
- Comprehensive Analysis Center for Science, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Sugaya
- Education Center, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino, Chiba 275-0023, Japan
| | - Koji Ishihara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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22
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Synthesis, structural characterization, DFT, kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of bromothymol blue: application to textile industrial wastewater treatment. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Khalifa ME, Elkhawass EA, Ninomiya M, Tanaka K, Koketsu M. Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation of Anti‐Leukemic Potency of Some Novel Azo‐Naphthol Dyes Conjugated with Metal Nanoparticles as Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E. Khalifa
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceTaif University Taif 21974 Saudi Arabia
| | - Elham A. Elkhawass
- Department of ZoologyFaculty of ScienceSuez Canal University Ismailia 41522 Egypt
| | - Masayuki Ninomiya
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular ScienceFaculty of EngineeringGifu University 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1193 Japan
| | - Kaori Tanaka
- Division of Anaerobe ResearchLife Science Research Center
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medicinal Information SciencesGifu University 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1194 Japan
| | - Mamoru Koketsu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular ScienceFaculty of EngineeringGifu University 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1193 Japan
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24
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Radomska K, Wolszczak M, Majsterek I. Reactions of radicals with PERK kinase inhibitor and its analogue under oxidative and reductive stress conditions. Pulse radiolysis study. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.108831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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25
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Synthesis, DFT computations and antimicrobial activity of a Schiff base derived from 2-hydroxynaphthaldehyde: Remarkable solvent effect. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Dardeer HM, Elboray EE, Mohamed GS. Antibacterial and Insecticidal Activities of the Revived Azoanthrols. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2018.1466812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hemat M. Dardeer
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | | | - Ghada S. Mohamed
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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27
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Stagi L, Mura S, Malfatti L, Carbonaro CM, Ricci PC, Porcu S, Secci F, Innocenzi P. Anomalous Optical Properties of Citrazinic Acid under Extreme pH Conditions. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:10958-10964. [PMID: 32455216 PMCID: PMC7241015 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Citrazinic acid (CZA) is a weakly fluorescent molecular compound whose optical properties are dependent on aggregation states and chemical environment. This molecule and its derivatives have been recently identified as the source of the intense blue emission of carbon dots obtained from citric acid with a nitrogen source, such as ammonia or urea. Citrazinic acid has a strong tendency to aggregate and form tautomers whose optical properties are largely unexplored. At extreme acidic and basic pH values, we have observed an "anomalous" optical response of citrazinic acid, attributed to the formation of aggregates from the tautomers. We have characterized the molecule, both at pH = 1 and 14, using UV-vis, NMR, steady-state, and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. At extremely low pH values, the protonation causes luminescence quenching and the appearance of new emissions. On the contrary, high pH values are responsible for deprotonation and splitting of the excitation spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Stagi
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology,
CR-INSTM, University of Sassari, via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Stefania Mura
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology,
CR-INSTM, University of Sassari, via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Luca Malfatti
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology,
CR-INSTM, University of Sassari, via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Carlo Maria Carbonaro
- Department
of Physics, University of Cagliari, sp 8, km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Pier Carlo Ricci
- Department
of Physics, University of Cagliari, sp 8, km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Stefania Porcu
- Department
of Physics, University of Cagliari, sp 8, km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Francesco Secci
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences and INSTM, University of Cagliari, sp 8, km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Plinio Innocenzi
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology,
CR-INSTM, University of Sassari, via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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28
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Abstract
We developed a new benzodifuran derivative as the condensation product between 2,6-diamino-4-(4-nitrophenyl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]difuran-3,7-dicarboxylate and 3-hydroxy-2-naphthaldehyde. The intramolecular hydrogen-bond interactions in the terminal half-salen moieties produce a sterically encumbered highly conjugated main plane and a D-A-D (donor-acceptor-donor) T-shaped structure. The novel AIEgen (aggregation-induced enhanced emission generator) fulfils the requirement of RIR (restriction of intramolecular rotation) molecules. DR/NIR (deep red/near infrared) emission was recorded in solution and in the solid state, with a noteworthy photoluminescence quantum yield recorded on the neat crystals which undergo some mechanochromism. The crystal structure study of the probe from data collected at a synchrotron X-ray source shows a main aromatic plane π-stacked in a columnar arrangement.
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29
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Diana R, Caruso U, Piotto S, Concilio S, Shikler R, Panunzi B. Spectroscopic Behaviour of Two Novel Azobenzene Fluorescent Dyes and Their Polymeric Blends. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061368. [PMID: 32192178 PMCID: PMC7144390 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Two novel symmetrical bis-azobenzene red dyes ending with electron-withdrawing or donor groups were synthesized. Both chromophores display good solubility, excellent chemical, and thermal stability. The two dyes are fluorescent in solution and in the solid-state. The spectroscopic properties of the neat crystalline solids were compared with those of doped blends of different amorphous matrixes. Blends of non-conductive and of emissive and conductive host polymers were formed to evaluate the potential of the azo dyes as pigments and as fluorophores. Both in absorbance and emission, the doped thin layers have CIE coordinates in the spectral region from yellow to red. The fluorescence quantum yield measured for the brightest emissive blend reaches 57%, a remarkable performance for a steadily fluorescent azo dye. A DFT approach was employed to examine the frontier orbitals of the two dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Diana
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, NA 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.D.); (B.P.)
| | - Ugo Caruso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-674366
| | - Stefano Piotto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, SA 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Simona Concilio
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, SA 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Rafi Shikler
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 653 Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;
| | - Barbara Panunzi
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, NA 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.D.); (B.P.)
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30
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Lvov AG, Yadykov AV, Lyssenko KA, Heinemann FW, Shirinian VZ, Khusniyarov MM. Reversible Shifting of a Chemical Equilibrium by Light: The Case of Keto-Enol Tautomerism of a β-Ketoester. Org Lett 2020; 22:604-609. [PMID: 31909627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Manipulating the equilibrium between a ketone and an enol by light opens up ample opportunities in material chemistry and photopharmacology. By incorporating β-ketoester into the ethene bridge of a photoactive diarylethene, we achieved reversible light-induced tautomerization to give thermally stable enol. In a pristine state, the tautomeric equilibrium is almost completely shifted toward the ketone. Photocyclization of diarylethene results in a new equilibrium containing a significant fraction of the enol tautomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey G Lvov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , Russian Academy of Sciences , 47, Leninsky prosp , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation.,Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 1 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Anton V Yadykov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , Russian Academy of Sciences , 47, Leninsky prosp , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin A Lyssenko
- Department of Chemistry , Lomonosov Moscow State University , 119992 Moscow , Russian Federation
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 1 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Valerii Z Shirinian
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , Russian Academy of Sciences , 47, Leninsky prosp , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation
| | - Marat M Khusniyarov
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 1 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
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31
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Kaur I, Sharma V, Mobin SM, Khajuria A, Ohri P, Kaur P, Singh K. Aggregation tailored emission of a benzothiazole based derivative: photostable turn on bioimaging. RSC Adv 2019; 9:39970-39975. [PMID: 35541397 PMCID: PMC9076209 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08149f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report a benzothiazole based probe which exhibits aggregation induced emission in mixed solvents, v/v THF : water system. The blue emission observed in the solution is ascribed to the enolic emission of the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) prone benzothiazole chromophore, as the aggregation induced by the protic solvent, water, is expected to restrict the phototautomerization of the probe to the keto form which generally emits in the red region. However, the green emission observed in the solid aggregated state is ascribed to its keto emission, as in the solid state the ESIPT process is activated owing to stable intramolecular hydrogen bonding, giving a keto-aggregation induced emission (AIE) coupled emission. The aggregation process is evident from the particle size and the change in morphology predicted by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively, in the aggregated state. Interestingly, the emission in the solution, as well as the solid state, is convincingly mimicked in the fluorescence imaging of various live cancer cells and plant roots. A molecular probe is reported that aggregates in a solvent mixture which exhibits emission and has excellent potential for cell and plant tissue imaging.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishpreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar 143005 India
| | - Vinay Sharma
- Discipline of Biosciences and Bio-Medical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore Simrol, Khandwa Road Indore 453552 India
| | - Shaikh M Mobin
- Discipline of Biosciences and Bio-Medical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore Simrol, Khandwa Road Indore 453552 India.,Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore Simrol, Khandwa Road Indore 453552 India.,Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore Simrol, Khandwa Road Indore 453552 India
| | - Anjali Khajuria
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar 143005 India
| | - Puja Ohri
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar 143005 India
| | - Paramjit Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar 143005 India
| | - Kamaljit Singh
- Department of Chemistry, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar 143005 India
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Molecular structure, spectroscopic, solvatochromic, dyeing performance and biological evaluations of heterocyclic azo dye, 4-[(E)-(4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)diazenyl]-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Abstract
Solutions of organic molecules containing one or more heterocycles with conjugated bonds may exist as a mixture of tautomers, but typically only a few of them are significantly populated even though the potential number grows combinatorially with the number of protonation and deprotonation sites. Generating the most stable tautomers from a given input structure is an important and challenging task, and numerous algorithms to tackle it have been proposed in the literature. This work describes a novel approach for tautomer prediction that involves the combined use of molecular mechanics, semiempirical quantum chemistry, and density functional theory. The key idea in our method is to identify the protonation and deprotonation sites using estimated micro-p Ka's for every atom in the molecule as well as in its nearest protonated and deprotonated forms. To generate tautomers in a systematic way with minimal bias, we then consider the full set of tautomers that arise from the combinatorial distribution of all such mobile protons among all protonatable sites, with efficient postprocessing to screen away high-energy species. To estimate the micro-p Ka's, we present a new method designed for the current task, but we emphasize that any alternative method can be used in conjunction with our basic algorithm. Our approach is therefore grounded in the computational prediction of physical properties in aqueous solution, in contrast to other approaches that may rely on the use of hard-coded rules of proton distribution, previously observed tautomerization patterns from a known chemical space, or human input. We present examples of the application of our algorithm to organic and drug-like molecules, with a focus on novel structures where traditional methods are expected to perform worse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Watson
- Schrödinger, Inc. , 120 West 45th Street , New York , New York 10036 , United States
| | - Haoyu S Yu
- Schrödinger, Inc. , 120 West 45th Street , New York , New York 10036 , United States
| | - Art D Bochevarov
- Schrödinger, Inc. , 120 West 45th Street , New York , New York 10036 , United States
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Georgiev A, Stoilova A, Dimov D, Yordanov D, Zhivkov I, Weiter M. Synthesis and photochromic properties of some N-phthalimide azo-azomethine dyes. A DFT quantum mechanical calculations on imine-enamine tautomerism and trans-cis photoisomerization. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 210:230-244. [PMID: 30458391 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents synthesis, photophysical characterization and quantum mechanical calculations of some N-phthalimide azo-azomethine dyes. The dyes were synthesized via azo coupling reaction between 2,4-substituted aromatic anilines and salicylic aldehyde followed by condensation reactions between azo dyes and N-aminophtalimide. Quantum chemical calculations to optimise the molecular geometry and to determine the electron densities of the trans (E) imine ⇌ enamine and the cis (Z) imine ⇌ enamine isomers and their vibrational frequencies have been computed by using DFT at B3LYP/6-31 + G(d,p) level of theory in vacuo. The effect of the used DMF solvent on the molecular structure and bond energies has been determined by using the IEFPCM model. Thermodynamic parameters such as total electronic energy E(RB3LYP), enthalpy H298 (sum of electronic and thermal enthalpies), free Gibbs energy G298 (sum of electronic and thermal free Gibbs energies) and dipole moment μ were computed in order to estimate the ΔE, Δμ, ΔH, ΔG and ΔS values. The NBO analysis was performed in order to understand the intramolecular charge transfer and the energy of resonance stabilization. After molecular geometry optimization, the electronic spectra were obtained by TD-DFT calculations at the above mentioned basis set using the IEFPCM model of DMF as a solvent. The solvatochromic effect of the dyes in four solvents with different polarity has been studied by UV-VIS spectroscopy and compared with the theoretically predicted. The coincidence between measured and calculated spectra is satisfactory. The dynamic photoisomerization experiments were performed in DMF under irradiation with UV light at λ = 365 nm (mostly E → Z) and with VIS light at λ = 400-800 nm (mostly Z → E). The spectra were recorded in the spectral region from 300 to 800 nm at identical sample concentrations of the three dyes and illumination times in order to investigate the photodynamical E → Z → E conversion of the NN chromophore group of the dyes as well as the imine ⇌ enamine tautomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Georgiev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Department of Physics, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 1756 Sofia, 8 St. Kliment Ohridski Blvd, Bulgaria.
| | - Ani Stoilova
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Department of Physics, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 1756 Sofia, 8 St. Kliment Ohridski Blvd, Bulgaria
| | - Deyan Dimov
- Department of Optical Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Science, 1113 Sofia, 109 "Acad. G. Bonchev" Blvd., Bulgaria
| | - Dancho Yordanov
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Biophysics of Proteins and Enzyme, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Science, 9 "Acad. G. Bonchev" Blvd., Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Ivailo Zhivkov
- Department of Optical Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Science, 1113 Sofia, 109 "Acad. G. Bonchev" Blvd., Bulgaria; Materials Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, Purkyňova 118, Brno, Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Weiter
- Materials Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, Purkyňova 118, Brno, Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
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Athira L, Balachandran S, Sudha Devi R. Synthesis, crystal structure, solvatochromic properties and DNA cleaving activity of azo derivative of naphthalen-2-ol. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.11.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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36
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Alsoghier H, Selim M, Salman H, Rageh H, Santos M, Ibrahim S, Dongol M, Soga T, Abuelwafa A. NMR spectroscopic, linear and non-linear optical properties of 1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl-(phenylhydrazono)acetonitrile (BTPA) azo dye. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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37
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Reimann M, Salmon DR, Horton JT, Gier EC, Jefferies LR. Water-Soluble Sulfonate Schiff-Base Ligands as Fluorescent Detectors for Metal Ions in Drinking Water and Biological Systems. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:2874-2882. [PMID: 31459517 PMCID: PMC6649234 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The ability to detect and selectively identify trace amounts of metal ions is of major importance for drinking water identification and biological studies. Herein, we report a series of water-soluble Schiff-base ligands capable of being fluorescent and colorimetric sensors for metal ions. Upon coordination of the metal ion to the ligand, quenching of fluorescence is observed, typically in a 1:1 ratio. The selectivity of metal ions Cu2+, Ni2+, Cr3+, and Co2+ is exhibited via fluorescence quenching accompanied by colorimetric changes, whereas that of Ag+ and Co2+ is observed through colorimetric changes alone. Additionally, pH sensing studies were performed for the potential use of these ligands in biological applications.
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Synthesis, Solvatochromic Performance, pH Sensing, Dyeing Ability, and Antimicrobial Activity of Novel Hydrazone Dyestuffs. J CHEM-NY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/7814179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
New tricyanofuran intramolecular charge transfer dyes comprising the hydrazone group were prepared and fully characterized in order to study their possible solvatochromism, dyeing ability, and antimicrobial activity. The preparation of the hydrazone dyes was achieved in relatively good yields starting from different aromatic amines. The hydrazone functional group was presented via the azo-coupling reaction of the tricyanofuran compound by the properly substituted diazonium chloride. Chemical structures of the prepared hydrazones were confirmed via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H- and 13C-NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and elemental analysis (C, H, and N). The UV-visible absorption spectra of the produced sensor colorants displayed interesting solvatochromism in solvents with a different polarity, which was found to be affected by the substituents bonded to the aromatic hydrazone moiety. The pH molecular switching was investigated through tuning the intramolecular charge transfer stimulated by the reversible deprotonation/protonation process in acetonitrile solution showing color change from yellow to purple. The produced disperse dyestuffs were employed for dyeing polyester fibers to introduce acceptable color strength and colorfastness properties. Moreover, the dyes verified a weak to moderate antimicrobial activity against some selected pathogens, including S. aureus, E. coli, and Candida albicans.
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Alzard RH, Bufaroosha MS, Al-Shamsi N, Sohail A, Al-Dubaili N, Salem AA, Abdou IM, Saleh N. Solubilization of Pyridone-Based Fluorescent Tag by Complexation in Cucurbit[7]uril. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:953-960. [PMID: 31459370 PMCID: PMC6648827 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aimed at further exploring the hosting properties of cucurbit[7]uril (CB7), we have exploited the spectroscopic and photophysical properties of a known fluorescent label as the guest molecule, namely, 3-cyano-6-(2-thienyl)-4-trifluoromethyl pyridine (TFP), in neat solvents. The formation of an inclusion host-guest complex with CB7 was checked by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, and the value of binding constant (9.7 × 105 M-1) was extracted from the spectrophotometric data. The modulation of keto-enol equilibrium in TFP by the local environment is governed by the interplay between dimerization through intermolecular hydrogen bonding between individual solute molecules, favoring the enol form, and intermolecular hydrogen bonding between TFP and the surrounding solvents, favoring the keto form. Time-resolved fluorescence results established that the macromolecular CB7 host stabilizes preferentially the neutral enol form over the keto form of TFP. Unprecedentedly, our results reveal a linear dependence of the amplitudes of the extracted decay-associated spectra from the time-resolved fluorescence spectra of TFP on the sum of polarity/polarizability and hydrogen bonding parameters of the local environment, confirming that TFP at micromolar concentration in the CB7 complexes is experiencing a methanol-like environment. The results rationalized the 42-fold enhancement in the solubility of TFP in water media by complexation in CB7.
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Ghanadzadeh Gilani A, Taghvaei V, Moradi Rufchahi E, Mirzaei M. Tautomerism, solvatochromism, preferential solvation, and density functional study of some heteroarylazo dyes. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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41
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Zhang N, Shi Z, Guo Y, Xie S, Qiao Y, Li XN, Xue Y, Luo Z, Zhu H, Chen C, Hu L, Zhang Y. The absolute configurations of hyperilongenols A–C: rare 12,13-seco-spirocyclic polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols with enolizable β,β′-tricarbonyl systems from Hypericum longistylum Oliv. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00245f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three PPAPs were isolated from H. longistylum Oliv.
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Araujo VO, Tirloni B, Streit L, Schwade VD. Neutral 4-phenyl-1-[phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methylidene]semicarbazide and its salt forms with inorganic anions. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2019; 75:1-7. [PMID: 30601124 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229618016467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Semicarbazones can exist in two tautomeric forms. In the solid state, they are found in the keto form. This work presents the synthesis, structures and spectroscopic characterization (IR and NMR spectroscopy) of four such compounds, namely the neutral molecule 4-phenyl-1-[phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methylidene]semicarbazide, C19H16N4O, (I), abbreviated as HBzPyS, and three different hydrated salts, namely the chloride dihydrate, C19H17N4O+·Cl-·2H2O, (II), the nitrate dihydrate, C19H17N4O+·NO3-·2H2O, (III), and the thiocyanate 2.5-hydrate, C19H17N4O+·SCN-·2.5H2O, (IV), of 2-[phenyl({[(phenylcarbamoyl)amino]imino})methyl]pyridinium, abbreviated as [H2BzPyS]+·X-·nH2O, with X = Cl- and n = 2 for (II), X = NO3- and n = 2 for (III), and X = SCN- and n = 2.5 for (IV), showing the influence of the anionic form in the intermolecular interactions. Water molecules and counter-ions (chloride or nitrate) are involved in the formation of a two-dimensional arrangement by the establishment of hydrogen bonds with the N-H groups of the cation, stabilizing the E isomers in the solid state. The neutral HBzPyS molecule crystallized as the E isomer due to the existence of weak π-π interactions between pairs of molecules. The calculated IR spectrum of the hydrated [H2BzPyS]+ cation is in good agreement with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Oliveira Araujo
- Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados/Itahum, km 12, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul 79804-970, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Tirloni
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, n. 1000, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Lívia Streit
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Georgia, 3820 Mundy Mill Rd, Oakwood, GA 30566, USA
| | - Vânia Denise Schwade
- Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados/Itahum, km 12, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul 79804-970, Brazil
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43
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Kovalchuk AI, Kobzar YL, Tkachenko IM, Tolstov AL, Shekera OV, Shevchenko VV. Synthesis and optical properties of new isomeric core-fluorinated azo-containing bis(2-hydroxybenzaldehyde)s. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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44
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Semi-preparative high-resolution recycling liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1566:64-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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45
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Application of spectroelectrochemistry in elucidation of electrochemical mechanism of azoquinoline dye 2-methyl-5-[(E)-phenyldiazenyl]quinolin-8-ol. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.03.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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46
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He JQ, Xie SF, Lai BL, Yang M, Chen WB, Zhang YQ, Dong W. A new salicylaldehyde-based azo dye and its two lanthanide(iii) complexes displaying slow magnetic relaxation. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:14975-14984. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02951b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new salicylaldehyde-based azo dye 5-azotriazolyl-3-methoxysalicylaldehyde (H2TMSA) displaying pH-dependent azo-hydrazone tautomerism and its two Ln3+ complexes displaying slow magnetic relaxation were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qiang He
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangzhou University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Shang-Fang Xie
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangzhou University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Bi-Lin Lai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangzhou University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Meng Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangzhou University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Wen-Bin Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangzhou University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Yi-Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for NSLSCS
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Wen Dong
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangzhou University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
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47
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Gharat PM, Maity DK, Pal H, Dutta Choudhury S. Inhibition of the prototropic tautomerism in chrysazine by p-sulfonatocalixarene hosts. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:5178-5187. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00978c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study reveals the unusual inhibition of excited-state prototropic tautomerism of Chrysazine by p-sulfonatocalix[4,6]arene hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poojan Milan Gharat
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai 400085
- India
| | - Dilip Kumar Maity
- Homi Bhabha National Institute
- Training School Complex
- Mumbai 400094
- India
| | - Haridas Pal
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai 400085
- India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute
| | - Sharmistha Dutta Choudhury
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai 400085
- India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute
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48
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Kovalchuk AI, Kobzar YL, Tkachenko IM, Tolstov AL, Shekera OV, Shevchenko VV. Synthesis and optical properties of new isomeric azo-containing bis(2-hydroxybenzaldehydes) with tetrafluorobenzene units. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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49
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Ghanadzadeh Gilani A, Taghvaei V, Moradi Rufchahi E, Mirzaei M. Photo-physical and structural studies of some synthesized arylazoquinoline dyes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 185:111-124. [PMID: 28551448 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the spectral and structure characteristics of seven azoquinoline dyes with different substituents and their new methylated counterparts for the first time, where some compounds are newly synthesized. The solvatochromic, tautomeric, halochromic, and dichroic behavior of the compounds were studied by electronic spectroscopy in various media. The different types of media were ordinary, multifunctional, and ordered liquids. The experiments were extended to include under acidic or basic conditions. The orientational behavior of the azo dye-doped liquid crystals was studied, and it was established that the azo form is the main species in high polar anisotropic media. The multi-parameter polarity scales were used to correlate the spectral data. Influence of acid and base on the absorption spectra of the dyes was also examined. Ionization constants for these dyes were determined in ethanol-water media. As a result, at the high dye concentrations, the intermolecular hydrogen bonding is more stable than the intra-molecular hydrogen bond, and therefore, the azo form is the main species in concentrated solutions. In order to provide more details, time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations were carried out for the representative models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghanadzadeh Gilani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran; Department of Chemistry, University Campus 2, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
| | - V Taghvaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran; Department of Chemistry, University Campus 2, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - E Moradi Rufchahi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran
| | - M Mirzaei
- Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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50
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Ferreira GR, de Oliveira LFC. Synthesis, spectroscopic and structural studies of new azo dyes metal chelates derivated from 1-phenil-azo-2-naphthol. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.05.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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