1
|
Serra GF, Oliveira L, Gürgen S, de Sousa RJA, Fernandes FAO. Shear thickening fluid (STF) in engineering applications and the potential of cork in STF-based composites. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 327:103157. [PMID: 38626554 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Shear thickening fluids (STFs) are a unique type of fluids that can quickly transform into a solid-like state when subjected to forces (rate dependent). These fluids are created by dispersing micro and nanoparticles within a medium. When the force is removed, they return to their original liquid state. Shear thickening fluids can absorb a significant amount of impact energy, making them useful for reducing vibrations and serving as a damper. This study provides a comprehensive and brief overview of existing literature on shear thickening fluids, including their properties, classification, and the rheological mechanisms behind the shear thickening behaviour. It also examines the use of these fluids in various applications, such as improving resistance to stabs and spikes, protecting against low- and high-velocity impacts, and as a new medium for energy dissipation in industries such as battery safety, vibration control and adaptive structures. Lastly, this work reviews the promising combination of STFs with cork. Given the sustainability of cork and its energy absorption capacity, cork-STF composites are a promising solution for various impact-absorbing applications. Overall, the paper underscores the versatility and potential of STFs, and advocates for further research and exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel F Serra
- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; LASI-Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Portugal.
| | - Lídia Oliveira
- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Selim Gürgen
- Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - R J Alves de Sousa
- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; LASI-Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Portugal
| | - Fábio A O Fernandes
- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; LASI-Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo F, Xu Z, Gu J. Effects of nano-fumed silica and carbonyl iron powder of different particle sizes on the rheological properties of shear thickening fluids. Colloid Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-023-05087-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
|
3
|
Richa, Roy Choudhury A. Self-assembled pH-stable gellan/κ-carrageenan bigel: Rheological studies and viscosity prediction by neural network. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 237:124057. [PMID: 36933592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The current study focused on analysing and predicting the effect of physicochemical parameters on the rheological properties of the novel polysaccharide-based bigel. This is the first study to report a bigel fabricated entirely from polysaccharides and develop a neural network to predict the modulation in its rheology. This bi-phasic gel had gellan and κ-carrageenan as the constitutive elements in the aqueous and the organic phase, respectively. Physicochemical studies revealed the influence of organogel in eliciting high mechanical strength and smooth surface morphology to the bigel. Furthermore, variation in physiochemical parameters indicated the bigel's inertness towards change in pH of the system. However, variation in temperature led to a noticeable change in the rheology of the bigel. It was observed that after gradual decline, the bigel regained its original viscosity as the temperature increased beyond 80 °C. Insights from this study can pave way for the development of highly-stable polysaccharide bigels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richa
- Biochemical Engineering Research & Process Development Centre (BERPDC), CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Anirban Roy Choudhury
- Biochemical Engineering Research & Process Development Centre (BERPDC), CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen Z, Zhou J, Jiang Y, Hu Z, Yin S, Wang Q, Innocent MT, Xiang H, Zhu M. Preparation of form‐stable silica/polyethylene glycol composites using flash‐drying for large‐scale melt‐spun fibers with thermal management property. POLYM ENG SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.26220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziye Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Jialiang Zhou
- Jiangsu Gem Advanced Fiber Materials Research Institute Co., Ltd Nantong China
| | - Yi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Zexu Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
- College of Mechanical and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Siyu Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Mugaanire Tendo Innocent
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Hengxue Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ribeiro MP, da Silveira PHPM, de Oliveira Braga F, Monteiro SN. Fabric Impregnation with Shear Thickening Fluid for Ballistic Armor Polymer Composites: An Updated Overview. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204357. [PMID: 36297935 PMCID: PMC9611053 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
As destructive power of firearms raises over the years, ballistic armors are in continuous need of enhancement. For soft armors, this improvement is invariably related to the increase of stacked layers of high-strength fiber fabrics, which potentially restrains wearer mobility. A different solution was created in the early 2000s, when a research work proposed a new treatment of the ballistic panels with non-Newtonian colloidal shear thickening fluid (STF), in view of weight decreasing with strength reinforcement and cost-effective production. Since then, databases reveal a surge in publications generally pointing to acceptable features under ballistic impact by exploring different conditions of the materials adopted. As a result, several works have not been covered in recent reviews for a wider discussion of their methodologies and results, which could be a barrier to a deeper understanding of the behavior of STF-impregnated fabrics. Therefore, the present work aims to overview the unexplored state-of-art on the effectiveness of STF addition to high-strength fabrics for ballistic applications to compile achievements regarding the ballistic strength of this novel material through different parameters. From the screened papers, SiO2, Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 200 and 400, and Aramid are extensively being incorporated into the STF/Fabric composites. Besides, parameters such as initial and residual velocity, energy absorbed, ballistic limit, and back face signature are common metrics for a comprehensive analysis of the ballistic performance of the material. The overview also points to a promising application of natural fiber fabrics and auxetic fabrics with STF fluids, as well as the demand for the adoption of new materials and more homogeneous ballistic test parameters. Finally, the work emphasizes that the ballistic application for STF-impregnated fabric based on NIJ standards is feasible for several conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Pereira Ribeiro
- Department of Materials Science, Military Institute of Engineering—IME, Praça General Tibúrcio 80, Urca, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Fábio de Oliveira Braga
- Department of Civil Engineering, Federal Fluminense University—UFF, Niterói 24210-240, Brazil
| | - Sergio Neves Monteiro
- Department of Materials Science, Military Institute of Engineering—IME, Praça General Tibúrcio 80, Urca, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tryznowski M, Gołofit T, Gürgen S, Kręcisz P, Chmielewski M. Unexpected Method of High-Viscosity Shear Thickening Fluids Based on Polypropylene Glycols Development via Thermal Treatment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5818. [PMID: 36079200 PMCID: PMC9457279 DOI: 10.3390/ma15175818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the influence of the thermal treatment of shear thickening fluids, STFs, on their viscosity. For this purpose, shear thickening fluids based on polypropylene glycols PPG400 and PPG1000 and Aerosil®200 were developed. The shear thickening behavior of obtained fluids was confirmed by using a parallel-plate rheometer. Next, thermogravimetric (TG) analyses were used to characterized thermal stability and weight loss of the STFs at a constant temperature. Finally, the thermal treatment of the STFs obtained was provided using the apparatus developed for this purpose. The received STFs exhibited a very high maximum viscosity up to 15 kPa. The rheology of the STFs measured after thermal treatment indicated that the proposed method allowed the development of STFs with a very high maximum viscosity. The maximum viscosity of the STFs increased twofold when thermal treatment of the STFs at elevated temperature for 210 min was performed. TG confirmed the convergence of the weight loss in the apparatus. Our results show that controlling the thermal treatment of STFs allows STFs to be obtained with high viscosity and a dilatation jump of the STFs by degradation of the liquid matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Tryznowski
- Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Narbutta 85, 02-524 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Gołofit
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Selim Gürgen
- Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir 26040, Turkey
| | - Patrycja Kręcisz
- Faculty of Material Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Chmielewski
- Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, Łukasiewicz Research Network, Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Materials Research Lab, Świerk, 05-400 Otwock, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
In Situ Observation of Shear-Induced Jamming Front Propagation during Low-Velocity Impact in Polypropylene Glycol/Fumed Silica Shear Thickening Fluids. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142768. [PMID: 35890543 PMCID: PMC9322945 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Shear jamming, a relatively new type of phase transition from discontinuous shear thickening into a solid-like state driven by shear in dense suspensions, has been shown to originate from frictional interactions between particles. However, not all dense suspensions shear jam. Dense fumed silica colloidal systems have wide applications in the industry of smart materials from body armor to dynamic dampers due to extremely low bulk density and high colloid stability. In this paper, we provide new evidence of shear jamming in polypropylene glycol/fumed silica suspensions using optical in situ speed recording during low-velocity impact and explain how it contributes to impact absorption. Flow rheology confirmed the presence of discontinuous shear thickening at all studied concentrations. Calculations of the flow during impact reveal that front propagation speed is 3–5 times higher than the speed of the impactor rod, which rules out jamming by densification, showing that the cause of the drastic impact absorption is the shear jamming. The main impact absorption begins when the jamming front reaches the boundary, creating a solid-like plug under the rod that confronts its movement. These results provide important insights into the impact absorption mechanism in fumed silica suspensions with a focus on shear jamming.
Collapse
|
8
|
Alaee P, Kamkar M, Arjmand M. Fumed Silica-Based Suspensions for Shear Thickening Applications: A Full-Scale Rheological Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:5006-5019. [PMID: 35413198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding shear thickening fluids (STFs) is critically important in a broad spectrum of fields ranging from biology to military. STFs are referred to the suspension of solid particles in an inert carrier liquid. Customizing the thickening behavior is vital for obtaining desired properties. Hence, comprehending shear thickening mechanisms is necessary to fully understand the factors affecting the shear thickening response of the STFs. Herein, we systematically investigate the effects of a wide range of parameters, from inherent properties of the constituents, including size and surface chemistry of the suspended particles, to practical conditions such as temperature and shear history, on the shear thickening behavior of fumed silica nanoparticles (NPs)-based suspensions in a polyethylene glycol (PEG) medium. Accordingly, increasing the hydrophobicity of the silica NPs or decreasing the NP size transforms the suspensions from sol to gel. The sol systems exhibit a strong shear thickening response, while shear thinning behavior is prominent in the strong gel systems. Hybridization of different silica NPs is also leveraged to tune the shear thickening behavior. In addition, we showcase the decisive role of operating temperature or shear history on the shear thickening behavior of suspensions. For instance, in terms of the shear history, above a critical value of preshear, the shear thickening behavior occurs at lower shear rates for STFs containing hydrophilic NPs. It is believed that the provided insights in this study can pave the way for developing advanced STFs with prescribed features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Alaee
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1 V1 V7, Canada
| | - Milad Kamkar
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1 V1 V7, Canada
| | - Mohammad Arjmand
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1 V1 V7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Baghbanbashi M, Pazuki G, Khoee S. One Pot Silica Nanoparticle Modification and Doxorubicin Encapsulation as pH-Responsive Nanocarriers, Applying PEG/Lysine Aqueous Two Phase System. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
10
|
Świderska A, Parzuchowski PG, Żurowski R, Więcław-Midor A, Wołosz D. Energy dissipating poly(hydroxyurethane) elastomers – Synthesis, characterization and comparison with shear thickening fluid materials. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
11
|
Cen S, Yu W, Yang W, Lou Q, Huang T. Reversibility of the gel, rheological, and structural properties of alcohol pretreated fish gelatin: Effect of alcohol types. J Texture Stud 2021; 53:266-276. [PMID: 34426973 DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The reversibility of gel property of alcohol (methanol, ethanol)-pretreated fish gelatin (FG) were investigated through removing alcohol solutions by freeze drying. Results showed that the gel strength and the hardness of FG could be retained (1%, 40%) or even improved (1% methanol) using low or high concentration alcohol solutions, while decreased in medium concentration alcohol solutions. Compared with untreated FG, rheology results showed that, all alcohol solutions pretreated FG had lower apparent viscosity, while higher alcohol solutions pretreated ones decreased the gel and melt points and shorten the gelation time. Sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that methanol pretreated FG had the higher α contents than those of ethanol pretreated. Circular dichroism spectra results indicated that β-sheet could be decreased after removing ethanol solutions, whereas the β-sheet increased after removing the methanol solutions. Moreover, low field nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation test showed that pretreated FG had lower transverse relaxation times of internal water (T21 and T22 ) compared to that of the untreated FG. Overall, FG still retains higher gel properties after removing the low or high alcohol concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Cen
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenwen Yu
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, China
| | - Wenge Yang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiaoming Lou
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Huang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bosco A, Paiva F, Odenbach S, Calado V. Influence of particle shape and sample preparation on shear thickening behavior of precipitated calcium carbonate suspensions. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
13
|
Zojaji M, Hydarinasab A, Hashemabadi SH, Mehranpour M. Rheological behaviour of shear thickening fluid of graphene oxide and SiO2 polyethylene glycol 400-based fluid with molecular dynamic simulation. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2021.1872786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Zojaji
- Department of Oil and Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hydarinasab
- Department of Oil and Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hasan Hashemabadi
- CFD Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Mehranpour
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rodriguez YJ, Quejada LF, Villamil JC, Baena Y, Parra-Giraldo CM, Perez LD. Development of Amphotericin B Micellar Formulations Based on Copolymers of Poly(ethylene glycol) and Poly(ε-caprolactone) Conjugated with Retinol. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E196. [PMID: 32106492 PMCID: PMC7150995 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphotericin B (AmB) is a broad spectrum of antifungal drug used to treat antifungal diseases. However, due to the high toxicity of AmB, treated patients may suffer the risk of side effects, such as renal failure. Nanoencapsulation strategies have been reported to elicit low toxicity, albeit most of them possess low encapsulation efficiency. The aim of this research is to develop micellar delivery systems for AmB with reduced toxicity while maintaining its affectivity by employing retinol (RET)-conjugated amphiphilic block copolymers (ABCs) as precursors. Copolymers composed of poly(ε-caprolactone) (A) and polyethylenglycol (B) of types AB and ABA were synthesized by ring opening polymerization and subsequently conjugated with RET by Steglich esterification. 1H-NMR spectroscopy was used to corroborate the structure of copolymers and their conjugates and determine their molecular weights. Analysis by gel permeation chromatography also found that the materials have narrow distributions. The resulting copolymers were used as precursors for delivery systems of AmB, thus reducing its aggregation and consequently causing a low haemolytic effect. Upon conjugation with RET, the encapsulation capacity was enhanced from approximately 2 wt % for AB and ABA copolymers to 10 wt %. AmB encapsulated in polymer micelles presented improved antifungal efficiency against Candida albicans and Candida auris strains compared with Fungizone®, as deduced from the low minimum inhibitory concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeimy J. Rodriguez
- Grupo de Investigación en Macromoléculas, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Bogotá, Carrera 45 No. 26-85, Edificio 451 of. 449, Bogotá D.C. 11001, Colombia;
| | - Luis F. Quejada
- Unidad de Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No. 43-82, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia; (L.F.Q.); (J.C.V.)
| | - Jean C. Villamil
- Unidad de Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No. 43-82, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia; (L.F.Q.); (J.C.V.)
| | - Yolima Baena
- Grupo de Investigación SILICOMOBA, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Bogotá, Carrera 45 No. 26-85, Edificio 451 of. 449, Bogotá D.C. 11001, Colombia
| | - Claudia M. Parra-Giraldo
- Unidad de Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No. 43-82, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia; (L.F.Q.); (J.C.V.)
| | - Leon D. Perez
- Grupo de Investigación en Macromoléculas, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Bogotá, Carrera 45 No. 26-85, Edificio 451 of. 449, Bogotá D.C. 11001, Colombia;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wei M, Lv Y, Sun L, Sun H. Rheological properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/silica shear thickening fluid suspensions. Colloid Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-020-04599-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
16
|
Mawkhlieng U, Majumdar A, Laha A. A review of fibrous materials for soft body armour applications. RSC Adv 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06447h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A critical review on the factors affecting the impact resistance and various approaches adopted to enhance the performance of soft body armour materials is presented here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Unsanhame Mawkhlieng
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- India 110016
| | - Abhijit Majumdar
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- India 110016
| | - Animesh Laha
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- India 110016
- Business Development Division
- Reliance Industries
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Phase-transition induced gelation of ZnO suspensions containing thermosensitive poly(acrylic acid)-graft-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
18
|
Tabet A, Wang C. Gels without Vapor Pressure: Soft, Nonaqueous, and Solvent-Free Supramolecular Biomaterials for Prospective Parenteral Drug Delivery Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1800908. [PMID: 30450824 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The engineering advantages of soft, nonaqueous, solvent-free supramolecular materials have resulted in their emerging transition and adoption from a predominantly food, cosmetics, and paint industry-driven technology to biocompatible matrices for parenteral drug delivery. Factors that have contributed to this trend are the drastic increase of hydrophobic and combination drugs in the pharmaceutical pipeline and the limitations of hydrated drug delivery materials with regard to poorly soluble drugs and biologics. This review highlights examples of nonaqueous, soft supramolecular materials, illustrates molecular engineering principles that may give rise to novel structures and unique properties, and explores emerging opportunities of application of these materials in parenteral drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Tabet
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55414 USA
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer SynthesisDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55414 USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang Q, Xu H, Song Y, Zheng Q. Rheological behavior of fumed silica filled polyethylene oxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingxu Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou, 310027 China
| | - Huilong Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou, 310027 China
| | - Yihu Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou, 310027 China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou, 310027 China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Enhanced shear thickening of polystyrene-poly(acrylamide) and polystyrene-poly(HEMA) particles. Colloid Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-018-4445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
21
|
Orawiec M, Kaczorowski M, Rokicki G. Dilatant effect enhancers for silica dispersions in poly(propylene glycols). J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 528:301-308. [PMID: 29859455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.05.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Shear thickening fluids have found many applications in energy damping materials such as sports guards and liquid body armors. Therefore, an additive which could tailor the dilatant properties of such fluids without significantly affecting other properties, especially zero shear viscosity, could significantly increase the versatility of protective materials based on shear thickening fluids. In this paper, poly(propylene glycols) (PPGs) diacetates are investigated as dilatant effect enhancers for nano-silica dispersions in poly(propylene glycols). The influence of the modifiers on rheological properties of the dispersion is studied and discussed. Additionally, FTIR and rheological properties measurements are conducted in order to determine relative interactions strength between hydroxyl groups of PPGs and silica and carbonyl groups of PPG diacetates. Our findings suggest that the relative attractive interaction strength in studied systems can be arranged in the following order: COCO < COOH < OHOH. Therefore, the addition of PPG diacetate hinders the attractive interactions between liquid and solid. We report that the addition of diacetates can lead both to enhancement and deterioration of dilatant effect depending on the concentration of the modifier and its chain length. Based on conducted measurements and literature data, mechanism explaining that phenomenon is suggested. As a result, we propose an easy to make and cheap dilatant effect enhancer for widely used shear thickening fluids which, when used in small amounts (1-2.5%), raises the viscosity jump drastically. Additionally, the presence of the modifier does not significantly affect the zero shear viscosity of the shear thickening fluid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Orawiec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kaczorowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Gabriel Rokicki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yu M, Qiao X, Dong X, Sun K. Effect of particle modification on the shear thickening behaviors of the suspensions of silica nanoparticles in PEG. Colloid Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-018-4399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
23
|
Singh M, Verma SK, Biswas I, Mehta R. Effect of addition of silicone oil on the rheology of fumed silica and polyethylene glycol shear thickening suspension. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2018-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Shear thickening fluids (STF) are stabilized and concentrated colloidal suspensions of hard nano-particles in a liquid medium (polymer) that, under the influence of impact forces, show non-Newtonian fluid behavior (shear thickening) dissipating the energy of impact. The viscosity of the dispersion medium should be optimum to lead to an increase in shear thickening, and at the same time, should also allow proper dispersion of the particles. Herein, an STF based on 20 wt% fractal nano-fumed silica particles of 11 nm suspended in a liquid medium of polyethylene glycol (PEG 200) with different concentrations of silicone oil was prepared. These systems were studied in terms of steady-state and dynamic-state rheological behavior under a wide range of temperature, shear rate, strain rate and frequency. The STF with replacement of up to only 20% of PEG with silicone oil as the liquid medium shows a large increase (about four times) in shear thickening parameters when compared with STF containing only PEG under the same processing conditions. It also shows more elastic behavior at high frequencies which are due to the high cross-linking property of silicone oil, contributing to much-improved properties, which are highly desirable from the view point of many applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology , Patiala, 147004, Punjab , India
| | | | - Ipsita Biswas
- Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory , Sector 30 , Chandigarh , India
| | - Rajeev Mehta
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology , Patiala, 147004, Punjab , India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Thai silk fibroin gelation process enhancing by monohydric and polyhydric alcohols. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:1726-1735. [PMID: 30017976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Silk fibroin hydrogel is an interesting natural material in various biomedical applications. However, the self-assembled gelation takes a long time. In this work, different alcohol types are used as gelation enhancers for aqueous silk fibroin solution. Monohydric alcohols having carbon chain length from C1 to C4 and polyhydric alcohols with the number of mono- to tri- hydroxyl groups were used as the enhancers which are effective for rapid gelation. The addition of monohydric alcohol distinctively reduced the gelation time, comparing to the polyhydric alcohol. The gelation process is directly dependent on the polarity of alcohol and hydrophobicity. The alcohol mediated gelation imparts strong viscoelastic property and enhanced compressive modulus of resulting hydrogels. This is due to the effective formation of self-assembled beta sheet network of the silk fibroin chains facilitates the gelation process.
Collapse
|
25
|
|
26
|
Xu J, Li J, Cao J. Effects of fumed silica weight fraction on rheological properties of magnetorheological polishing fluids. Colloid Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-018-4332-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
27
|
Han SW, Kim IH, Kim JH, Seo HO, Kim YD. Polydimethylsiloxane thin-film coating on silica nanoparticles and its influence on the properties of SiO2–polyethylene composite materials. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
28
|
Zabet M, Trinh K, Toghiani H, Lacy TE, Pittman CU, Kundu S. Anisotropic Nanoparticles Contributing to Shear-Thickening Behavior of Fumed Silica Suspensions. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:8877-8887. [PMID: 31457416 PMCID: PMC6645521 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rheological characteristics of a concentrated suspension can be tuned using anisotropic particles having various shapes and sizes. Here, the role of anisotropic nanoparticles, such as surface-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and graphene oxide nanoplatelets (GONPs), on the rheological behavior of fumed silica suspensions in poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is investigated. In these mixed-particle suspensions, the concentrations of MWNTs and GONPs are much lower than the fumed silica concentration. The suspensions are stable, and hydrogen-bonded PEG solvation layers around the particles inhibit their flocculation. Fumed silica suspensions over the concentration range considered here display shear-thickening behavior. However, for a larger concentration of MWNTs and with increasing aspect ratios, the shear-thickening behavior diminishes. In contrast, a distinct shear-thickening response has been observed for the GONP-containing suspensions for similar mass fractions (MFs) of MWNTs. For these suspensions, shear thickening is achieved at a lower solid MFs compared to the suspensions consisting of only fumed silica. A significant weight reduction of shear-thickening fluids that can be achieved by this approach is beneficial for many applications. Our results provide guiding principles for controlling the rheological behavior of mixed-particle systems relevant in many fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahla Zabet
- Dave
C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department, Aerospace Engineering
Department, and Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Kevin Trinh
- Dave
C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department, Aerospace Engineering
Department, and Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Hossein Toghiani
- Dave
C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department, Aerospace Engineering
Department, and Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Thomas E. Lacy
- Dave
C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department, Aerospace Engineering
Department, and Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Charles U. Pittman
- Dave
C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department, Aerospace Engineering
Department, and Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Santanu Kundu
- Dave
C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department, Aerospace Engineering
Department, and Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
|
30
|
Fumed and Precipitated Hydrophilic Silica Suspension Gels in Mineral Oil: Stability and Rheological Properties. Gels 2017; 3:gels3030032. [PMID: 30920528 PMCID: PMC6318669 DOI: 10.3390/gels3030032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrophilic fumed silica (FS) and precipitated silica (PS) powders were suspended in mineral oil; increasing the silica volume fraction (φ in the suspension led to the formation of sol, pre-gel, and gel states. Gelation took place at lower φ values in the FS than the PS suspension because of the lower silanol density on the FS surface. The shear stresses and dynamic moduli of the FS and PS suspensions were measured as a function of φ. Plots of the apparent shear viscosity against shear rate depended on φ and the silica powder. The FS suspensions in the gel state exhibited shear thinning, followed by a weak shear thickening or by constant viscosity with an increasing shear rate. In contrast, the PS suspensions in the gel state showed shear thinning, irrespective of φ. The dynamic moduli of the pre-gel and gel states were dependent on the surface silanol density: at a fixed φ, the storage modulus G′ in the linear viscoelasticity region was larger for the FS than for the PS suspension. Beyond the linear region, the G′ of the PS suspensions showed strain hardening and the loss modulus G″ of the FS and PS suspensions exhibited weak strain overshoot.
Collapse
|
31
|
Gossard A, Frances F, Aloin C. Rheological properties of TiO2 suspensions varied by shifting the electrostatic inter-particle interactions with an organic co-solvent. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
32
|
Qin J, Zhang G, Zhou L, Li J, Shi X. Dynamic/quasi-static stab-resistance and mechanical properties of soft body armour composites constructed from Kevlar fabrics and shear thickening fluids. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07549a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft body armour composites were constructed by combining Kevlar fabrics with different quantities of shear thickening fluid (STF).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Qin
- Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- School of Natural and Applied Sciences
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Guangcheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- School of Natural and Applied Sciences
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Lisheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- School of Natural and Applied Sciences
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Jiantong Li
- Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- School of Natural and Applied Sciences
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Xuetao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- School of Natural and Applied Sciences
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li S, Wang J, Cai W, Zhao S, Wang Z, Wang S. Effect of acid and temperature on the discontinuous shear thickening phenomenon of silica nanoparticle suspensions. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
34
|
Liu M, Jiang W, Chen Q, Wang S, Mao Y, Gong X, Cham-Fai Leung K, Tian J, Wang H, Xuan S. A facile one-step method to synthesize SiO2@polydopamine core–shell nanospheres for shear thickening fluid. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25759j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An illustration of the synthesis of SiO2@PDA core/shell nanospheres, in which the coating on the surface of the SiO2nanospheres improves the rheological behavior of the resulting STFs.
Collapse
|
35
|
Warren J, Offenberger S, Toghiani H, Pittman CU, Lacy TE, Kundu S. Effect of Temperature on the Shear-Thickening Behavior of Fumed Silica Suspensions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:18650-18661. [PMID: 26237541 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b05094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Shear-thickening fluids (STFs) can be subjected to a significant temperature variation in many applications. Polymeric or oligomeric fluids are commonly used as suspending media for STFs. Because the viscosities of polymeric fluids are strongly temperature-dependent, large temperature changes can profoundly affect the shear-thickening responses. Here, the effect of temperature on the shear-thickening behavior of four low-molecular-weight polymeric glycols/fumed silica suspensions is reported. The dispersed-phase volume fraction, its surface chemistry, and the chemical compositions of the suspending media were varied. These factors influence the viscosity and the interactions between the suspended particles and the suspending media. Fumed silica particles with two different silanol-group surface densities were suspended in the polymeric glycols, where these silanol surface groups formed hydrogen bonds with the suspending media's glycols and internal oxygen atoms. Steady-shear experiments were performed over a temperature range spanning approximately 100 °C. The critical shear rate for the onset of shear thickening decreased with decreasing temperature. The critical shear rates were inversely proportional to the viscosity of the pure suspending media over these same temperature ranges. The response of STFs to varying both the temperature and shear rate investigated here will help to design application-specific STFs. Mitigation of a hypervelocity (6.81 km/s) impact on an aluminum facesheet sandwich composite filled with one of these STFs was demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin Warren
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, ‡Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University , MS State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Sean Offenberger
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, ‡Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University , MS State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Hossein Toghiani
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, ‡Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University , MS State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Charles U Pittman
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, ‡Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University , MS State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Thomas E Lacy
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, ‡Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University , MS State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Santanu Kundu
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, ‡Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University , MS State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| |
Collapse
|