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Kumar Pradhan M, Suresh Puthenpurackal S, Srivastava A. Enzymatic Dimerization-Induced Self-Assembly of Alanine-Tyramine Conjugates into Versatile, Uniform, Enzyme-Loaded Organic Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314960. [PMID: 37992201 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a novel enzymatic dimerization-induced self-assembly (e-DISA) procedure that converts alanine-tyramine conjugates into highly uniform enzyme-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) or nanocontainers by the action of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in an aqueous medium under ambient conditions. The NP formation was possible with both enantiomers of alanine, and the average diameter could be varied from 150 nm to 250 nm (with a 5-12 % standard deviation of as-prepared samples) depending on the precursor concentration. About 60 % of the added HRP enzyme was entrapped within the NPs and was subsequently utilized for post-synthetic modification of the NPs with phenolic compounds such as tyramine or tannic acid. One-pot multi-enzyme entrapment of glucose oxidase (GOx) and peroxidase (HRP) within the NPs was also achieved. These GOx-HRP loaded NPs allowed multimodal detection of glucose, including that present in human saliva, with a limit of detection (LoD) of 740 nM through fluorimetry. The NPs exhibited good cytocompatibility and were stable to changes in pH (acidic to basic), temperature, ultrasonication, and even the presence of organic solvent (EtOH) to a certain extent, since they are stabilized by intermolecular hydrogen bonding, π-π, and CH-π interactions. The proposed e-DISA procedure can be widely expanded through the design of diverse enzyme-responsive precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Kumar Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, IISER Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | - Aasheesh Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, IISER Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
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2
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Balser S, Zhao Z, Zharnikov M, Terfort A. Effect of the crosslinking agent on the biorepulsive and mechanical properties of polyglycerol membranes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 225:113271. [PMID: 36996629 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Polyglycerol (PG) based surfaces materials and surfaces are well-established bio-compatible materials. Crosslinking of the dendrimeric molecules via their OH groups improves their mechanical stability up to the point that free-standing materials can be attained. Here, we investigate the effect of different crosslinkers on PG films regarding their biorepulsivity and mechanical properties. For this purpose, PG films with different thicknesses (15, 50 and 100 nm) were prepared by polymerizing glycidol in a ring-opening polymerization onto hydroxyl-terminated Si substrates. These films were then crosslinked using ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDGE), divinyl sulfone (DVS), glutaraldehyde (GA), 1,11-di(mesyloxy)-3,6,9-trioxaundecane (TEG-Ms2) or 1,11-dibromo-3,6,9-trioxaundecane (TEG-Br2), respectively. While DVS, TEG-Ms2, and TEG-Br2 resulted in slightly thinned films, presumably due to loss of unbound material, increase of film thickness was observed with GA and, in particular, EDGDE, what can be explained by the different crosslinking mechanisms. The biorepulsive properties of the crosslinked PG films were characterized by water contact angle (WCA) goniometry and various adsorption assays involving proteins (serum albumine, fibrinogen, γ-globulin) and bacteria (E. coli), showing that some crosslinkers (EGDGE, DVS) improved the biorepulsive properties, while others deteriorated them (TEG-Ms2, TEG-Br2, GA). As the crosslinking stabilized the films, it was possible to use a lift-off procedure to obtain free-standing membranes if the thickness of the films was 50 nm or larger. Their mechanical properties were examined with a bulge test showing high elasticities, with the Young's moduli increasing in the order GA ≈ EDGDE < TEG-Br2 ≈ TEG-Ms2 < DVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Balser
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Zhiyong Zhao
- Heidelberg University, Department of Applied Physical Chemistry, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Zharnikov
- Heidelberg University, Department of Applied Physical Chemistry, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Terfort
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
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Maiti B, Kumar K, Datta S, Bhattacharya S. Physical-Chemical Characterization of Bilayer Membranes Derived from (±) α-Tocopherol-Based Gemini Lipids and Their Interaction with Phosphatidylcholine Bilayers and Lipoplex Formation with Plasmid DNA. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:36-49. [PMID: 34955028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Membrane formation and aggregation properties of two series of (±) α-tocopherol-based cationic gemini lipids without and with hydroxyl functionalities at the headgroup region (TnS n = 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 12; THnS n = 4, 5, 6, 8, and 12) with varying polymethylene spacer lengths were investigated extensively while comparing with the corresponding properties of the monomeric counterparts (TM and THM). Liposomal suspensions of each cationic lipid were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zeta potential measurements, and small-angle X-ray diffraction studies. The length of the spacer and the presence of hydroxyl functionalities at the headgroup region strongly contribute to the aggregation behavior of these gemini lipids in water. The interaction of each tocopherol lipid with a model phospholipid, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC)-derived vesicles, was thoroughly examined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH)-doped fluorescence anisotropy measurements. The binding efficiency of the cationic tocopherol liposomes with plasmid DNA (pDNA) was followed by an ethidium bromide (EB) exclusion assay and zeta potential measurements, whereas negatively charged micellar sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-mediated release of the pDNA from various preformed pDNA-liposomal complexes (lipoplex) was studied by an ethidium bromide (EB) reintercalation assay. The structural transformation of pDNA upon complexation with liposome was characterized using circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic measurements. Gemini lipid-pDNA interactions depend on both the presence of hydroxyl functionalities at the headgroups and the length of the spacer chain between the headgroups. Succinctly, we performed a detailed physical-chemical characterization of the membranes formed from cationic monomeric and gemini lipids bearing tocopherol as their hydrophobic backbone and describe the role of inserting the -OH group at the headgroup of such lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bappa Maiti
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Subhasis Datta
- School of Applied & Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
- School of Applied & Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
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Abstract
RNA-based therapeutics have shown great promise in treating a broad spectrum of diseases through various mechanisms including knockdown of pathological genes, expression of therapeutic proteins, and programmed gene editing. Due to the inherent instability and negative-charges of RNA molecules, RNA-based therapeutics can make the most use of delivery systems to overcome biological barriers and to release the RNA payload into the cytosol. Among different types of delivery systems, lipid-based RNA delivery systems, particularly lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), have been extensively studied due to their unique properties, such as simple chemical synthesis of lipid components, scalable manufacturing processes of LNPs, and wide packaging capability. LNPs represent the most widely used delivery systems for RNA-based therapeutics, as evidenced by the clinical approvals of three LNP-RNA formulations, patisiran, BNT162b2, and mRNA-1273. This review covers recent advances of lipids, lipid derivatives, and lipid-derived macromolecules used in RNA delivery over the past several decades. We focus mainly on their chemical structures, synthetic routes, characterization, formulation methods, and structure-activity relationships. We also briefly describe the current status of representative preclinical studies and clinical trials and highlight future opportunities and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuebao Zhang
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Changzhen Sun
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Chang Wang
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Katarina E Jankovic
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Yizhou Dong
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Center for Clinical and Translational Science, The Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Sánchez-Arribas N, Martínez-Negro M, Aicart-Ramos C, Tros de Ilarduya C, Aicart E, Guerrero-Martínez A, Junquera E. Gemini Cationic Lipid-Type Nanovectors Suitable for the Transfection of Therapeutic Plasmid DNA Encoding for Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-12. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:729. [PMID: 34063469 PMCID: PMC8156092 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ample evidence exists on the role of interleukin-12 (IL-12) in the response against many pathogens, as well as on its remarkable antitumor properties. However, the unexpected toxicity and disappointing results in some clinical trials are prompting the design of new strategies and/or vectors for IL-12 delivery. This study was conceived to further endorse the use of gemini cationic lipids (GCLs) in combination with zwitterionic helper lipid DOPE (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidyl ethanol amine) as nanovectors for the insertion of plasmid DNA encoding for IL-12 (pCMV-IL12) into cells. Optimal GCL formulations previously reported by us were selected for IL-12-based biophysical experiments. In vitro studies demonstrated efficient pCMV-IL12 transfection by GCLs with comparable or superior cytokine levels than those obtained with commercial control Lipofectamine2000*. Furthermore, the nanovectors did not present significant toxicity, showing high cell viability values. The proteins adsorbed on the nanovector surface were found to be mostly lipoproteins and serum albumin, which are both beneficial to increase the blood circulation time. These outstanding results are accompanied by an initial physicochemical characterization to confirm DNA compaction and protection by the lipid mixture. Although further studies would be necessary, the present GCLs exhibit promising characteristics as candidates for pCMV-IL12 transfection in future in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sánchez-Arribas
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.-A.); (M.M.-N.); (E.A.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - María Martínez-Negro
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.-A.); (M.M.-N.); (E.A.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Clara Aicart-Ramos
- Departamento de Estructura de Macromoléculas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Conchita Tros de Ilarduya
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Universidad de Navarra, 31080 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Emilio Aicart
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.-A.); (M.M.-N.); (E.A.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Andrés Guerrero-Martínez
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.-A.); (M.M.-N.); (E.A.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Elena Junquera
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.-A.); (M.M.-N.); (E.A.); (A.G.-M.)
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Sánchez-Arribas N, Martínez-Negro M, Villar EM, Pérez L, Osío Barcina J, Aicart E, Taboada P, Guerrero-Martínez A, Junquera E. Protein Expression Knockdown in Cancer Cells Induced by a Gemini Cationic Lipid Nanovector with Histidine-Based Polar Heads. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E791. [PMID: 32825658 PMCID: PMC7558209 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A histidine-based gemini cationic lipid, which had already demonstrated its efficiency as a plasmid DNA (pDNA) nanocarrier, has been used in this work to transfect a small interfering RNA (siRNA) into cancer cells. In combination with the helper lipid monoolein glycerol (MOG), the cationic lipid was used as an antiGFP-siRNA nanovector in a multidisciplinary study. Initially, a biophysical characterization by zeta potential (ζ) and agarose gel electrophoresis experiments was performed to determine the lipid effective charge and confirm siRNA compaction. The lipoplexes formed were arranged in Lα lamellar lyotropic liquid crystal phases with a cluster-type morphology, as cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) studies revealed. Additionally, in vitro experiments confirmed the high gene knockdown efficiency of the lipid-based nanovehicle as detected by flow cytometry (FC) and epifluorescence microscopy, even better than that of Lipofectamine2000*, the transfecting reagent commonly used as a positive control. Cytotoxicity assays indicated that the nanovector is non-toxic to cells. Finally, using nano-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS/MS), apolipoprotein A-I and A-II followed by serum albumin were identified as the proteins with higher affinity for the surface of the lipoplexes. This fact could be beyond the remarkable silencing activity of the histidine-based lipid nanocarrier herein presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sánchez-Arribas
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.-A.); (M.M.-N.); (E.A.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - María Martínez-Negro
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.-A.); (M.M.-N.); (E.A.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Eva M. Villar
- Departamento de Física de Partículas, Facultad de Físicas e Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (E.M.V.); (P.T.)
| | - Lourdes Pérez
- Departamento de Tensioactivos y Nanobiotecnología, IQAC-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - José Osío Barcina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Emilio Aicart
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.-A.); (M.M.-N.); (E.A.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Pablo Taboada
- Departamento de Física de Partículas, Facultad de Físicas e Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (E.M.V.); (P.T.)
| | - Andrés Guerrero-Martínez
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.-A.); (M.M.-N.); (E.A.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Elena Junquera
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.-A.); (M.M.-N.); (E.A.); (A.G.-M.)
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7
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Sánchez-Arribas N, Martínez-Negro M, Villar EM, Pérez L, Aicart E, Taboada P, Guerrero-Martínez A, Junquera E. Biocompatible Nanovector of siRNA Consisting of Arginine-Based Cationic Lipid for Gene Knockdown in Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:34536-34547. [PMID: 32657573 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the use of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) as therapeutic agents through the knockdown expression of pathogenic proteins, transportation and delivery of such siRNAs into cells continue to be under investigation. Within nonviral vectors, cationic lipids that include amino acid residues in their structures, and that have already demonstrated their suitability as plasmid DNA nanocarriers, may be also considered as potential siRNA vehicles. A double-chain cationic lipid based on the amino acid arginine mixed with a helper lipid has been the object of this biophysical study. First, ζ-potential measurements and agarose gel electrophoresis experiments confirmed the siRNA compaction, while small-angle X-ray scattering analysis (SAXS) revealed the structural pattern of the lipoplexes. Two bicontinuous cubic phases were found to coexist: the double-gyroid phase (QIIG) and the double-diamond phase (QIID), with Pn3m and Ia3d as crystallographic space groups, respectively; the siRNA is known to be located inside their bicontinuous aqueous channels. Second, in vitro studies in HeLa-green fluorescent protein (GFP) and T731-GFP cell lines (modified for GFP overexpression) showed moderate to high gene knockdown levels (determined by flow cytometry and epifluorescence microscopy) with remarkable cell viabilities (CCK-8 assay). Finally, nano-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS/MS) was used to identify the nature of the proteins adhered to the surface of the lipoplexes after incubation with human serum, simulating their behavior in biological fluids. The abundant presence of lipoproteins and serum albumin in such protein corona, together with the coexistence of the bicontinuous cubic phases, may be behind the remarkable silencing activity of these lipoplexes. The results reported herein show that the use of amino-acid-based cationic lipids mixed with a suitable helper lipid, which have already provided good results as DNA plasmid nanocarriers in cellular transfection processes, may also be a biocompatible option, and so far little investigated, in gene silencing in vitro strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sánchez-Arribas
- Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Martínez-Negro
- Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva M Villar
- Departamento de Fı́sica de Partı́culas, Facultad de Fı́sicas e Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lourdes Pérez
- Departamento de Tecnologı́a Quı́mica y Tensioactivos, IQAC-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Aicart
- Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Taboada
- Departamento de Fı́sica de Partı́culas, Facultad de Fı́sicas e Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Andrés Guerrero-Martínez
- Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Junquera
- Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Bruininks BM, Souza PC, Ingolfsson H, Marrink SJ. A molecular view on the escape of lipoplexed DNA from the endosome. eLife 2020; 9:52012. [PMID: 32297853 PMCID: PMC7170654 DOI: 10.7554/elife.52012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of non-viral vectors for in vivo gene therapy could drastically increase safety, whilst reducing the cost of preparing the vectors. A promising approach to non-viral vectors makes use of DNA/cationic liposome complexes (lipoplexes) to deliver the genetic material. Here we use coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying efficient DNA transfer from lipoplexes. Our computational fusion experiments of lipoplexes with endosomal membrane models show two distinct modes of transfection: parallel and perpendicular. In the parallel fusion pathway, DNA aligns with the membrane surface, showing very quick release of genetic material shortly after the initial fusion pore is formed. The perpendicular pathway also leads to transfection, but release is slower. We further show that the composition and size of the lipoplex, as well as the lipid composition of the endosomal membrane, have a significant impact on fusion efficiency in our models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Mh Bruininks
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh, Netherlands
| | - Paulo Ct Souza
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh, Netherlands
| | - Helgi Ingolfsson
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh, Netherlands
| | - Siewert J Marrink
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh, Netherlands
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Martínez-Negro M, Sánchez-Arribas N, Guerrero-Martínez A, Moyá ML, Tros de Ilarduya C, Mendicuti F, Aicart E, Junquera E. A Non-Viral Plasmid DNA Delivery System Consisting on a Lysine-Derived Cationic Lipid Mixed with a Fusogenic Lipid. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E632. [PMID: 31783620 PMCID: PMC6956073 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11120632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The insertion of biocompatible amino acid moieties in non-viral gene nanocarriers is an attractive approach that has been recently gaining interest. In this work, a cationic lipid, consisting of a lysine-derived moiety linked to a C12 chain (LYCl) was combined with a common fusogenic helper lipid (DOPE) and evaluated as a potential vehicle to transfect two plasmid DNAs (encoding green fluorescent protein GFP and luciferase) into COS-7 cells. A multidisciplinary approach has been followed: (i) biophysical characterization based on zeta potential, gel electrophoresis, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and cryo-transmission electronic microscopy (cryo-TEM); (ii) biological studies by fluorescence assisted cell sorting (FACS), luminometry, and cytotoxicity experiments; and (iii) a computational study of the formation of lipid bilayers and their subsequent stabilization with DNA. The results indicate that LYCl/DOPE nanocarriers are capable of compacting the pDNAs and protecting them efficiently against DNase I degradation, by forming Lα lyotropic liquid crystal phases, with an average size of ~200 nm and low polydispersity that facilitate the cellular uptake process. The computational results confirmed that the LYCl/DOPE lipid bilayers are stable and also capable of stabilizing DNA fragments via lipoplex formation, with dimensions consistent with experimental values. The optimum formulations (found at 20% of LYCl content) were able to complete the transfection process efficiently and with high cell viabilities, even improving the outcomes of the positive control Lipo2000*.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Martínez-Negro
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-N.); (N.S.-A.); (A.G.-M.); (E.A.)
| | - Natalia Sánchez-Arribas
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-N.); (N.S.-A.); (A.G.-M.); (E.A.)
| | - Andrés Guerrero-Martínez
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-N.); (N.S.-A.); (A.G.-M.); (E.A.)
| | - María Luisa Moyá
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Catálisis Micelar, Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Conchita Tros de Ilarduya
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición, Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31080 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Francisco Mendicuti
- Departmento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química and Instituto de Investigación Quimica Andrés M. del Rio, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
| | - Emilio Aicart
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-N.); (N.S.-A.); (A.G.-M.); (E.A.)
| | - Elena Junquera
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-N.); (N.S.-A.); (A.G.-M.); (E.A.)
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10
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Xue Z, Wang P, Peng A, Wang T. Architectural Design of Self-Assembled Hollow Superstructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1801441. [PMID: 30256464 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal nanoparticle assemblies are widely designed and fabricated via various building blocks to enhance their intrinsic properties and potential applications. Self-assembled hollow superstructures have been a focal point in nanotechnology for several decades and are likely to remain so for the foreseeable future. The novel properties of self-assembled hollow superstructures stem from their effective spatial utilization. As such, a comprehensive appreciation of the interactive forces at play among individual building blocks is a prerequisite for designing and managing the self-assembly process, toward the fabrication of optimal hollow nanoproducts. Herein, the emerging approaches to the fabrication of self-assembled hollow superstructures, including hard-templated, soft-templated, self-templated, and template-free methods, are classified and discussed. The corresponding reinforcement mechanisms, such as strong ligand interaction strategies and extra-capping strategies, are discussed in detail. Finally, possible future directions for the construction of multifunctional hollow superstructures with highly efficient catalytic reaction systems and an integration platform for bioapplications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjie Xue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Peilong Wang
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agriculture Products, China Agricultural Academy of Science, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Aidong Peng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tie Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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11
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Chowdhury S, Rakshit A, Acharjee A, Saha B. Novel Amphiphiles and Their Applications for Different Purposes with Special Emphasis on Polymeric Surfactants. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Chowdhury
- Homogeneous Catalysis LaboratoryDepartment Of ChemistryThe University Of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, Pin - 713104 West Bengal India
| | - Atanu Rakshit
- Homogeneous Catalysis LaboratoryDepartment Of ChemistryThe University Of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, Pin - 713104 West Bengal India
| | - Animesh Acharjee
- Homogeneous Catalysis LaboratoryDepartment Of ChemistryThe University Of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, Pin - 713104 West Bengal India
| | - Bidyut Saha
- Homogeneous Catalysis LaboratoryDepartment Of ChemistryThe University Of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, Pin - 713104 West Bengal India
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12
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Martínez-Negro M, Blanco-Fernández L, Tentori PM, Pérez L, Pinazo A, Tros de Ilarduya C, Aicart E, Junquera E. A Gemini Cationic Lipid with Histidine Residues as a Novel Lipid-Based Gene Nanocarrier: A Biophysical and Biochemical Study. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E1061. [PMID: 30558369 PMCID: PMC6316511 DOI: 10.3390/nano8121061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the synthesis of a novel gemini cationic lipid that incorporates two histidine-type head groups (C₃(C16His)₂). Mixed with a helper lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidyl ethanol amine (DOPE), it was used to transfect three different types of plasmid DNA: one encoding the green fluorescence protein (pEGFP-C3), one encoding a luciferase (pCMV-Luc), and a therapeutic anti-tumoral agent encoding interleukin-12 (pCMV-IL12). Complementary biophysical experiments (zeta potential, gel electrophoresis, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and fluorescence anisotropy) and biological studies (FACS, luminometry, and cytotoxicity) of these C₃(C16His)₂/DOPE-pDNA lipoplexes provided vast insight into their outcomes as gene carriers. They were found to efficiently compact and protect pDNA against DNase I degradation by forming nanoaggregates of 120⁻290 nm in size, which were further characterized as very fluidic lamellar structures based in a sandwich-type phase, with alternating layers of mixed lipids and an aqueous monolayer where the pDNA and counterions are located. The optimum formulations of these nanoaggregates were able to transfect the pDNAs into COS-7 and HeLa cells with high cell viability, comparable or superior to that of the standard Lipo2000*. The vast amount of information collected from the in vitro studies points to this histidine-based lipid nanocarrier as a potentially interesting candidate for future in vivo studies investigating specific gene therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Martínez-Negro
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Laura Blanco-Fernández
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Paolo M Tentori
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lourdes Pérez
- Dpto. Tecnología Química y Tensioactivos, IQAC-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Aurora Pinazo
- Dpto. Tecnología Química y Tensioactivos, IQAC-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Conchita Tros de Ilarduya
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Emilio Aicart
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elena Junquera
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Fabozzi A, Vitiello R, Russo Krauss I, Iuliano M, De Tommaso G, Amoresano A, Pinto G, Paduano L, Jones C, Di Serio M, D'Errico G. Synthesis, Surface Properties, and Self-Aggregation Behavior of a Branched N
,N
-Dimethylalkylamine Oxide Surfactant. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Fabozzi
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, M. Sant Angelo; 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Rosa Vitiello
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, M. Sant Angelo; 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Irene Russo Krauss
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, M. Sant Angelo; 80126 Naples Italy
- CSGI, Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino; Florence Italy
| | - Mauro Iuliano
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, M. Sant Angelo; 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Gaetano De Tommaso
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, M. Sant Angelo; 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Angela Amoresano
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, M. Sant Angelo; 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Gabriella Pinto
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, M. Sant Angelo; 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Luigi Paduano
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, M. Sant Angelo; 80126 Naples Italy
- CSGI, Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino; Florence Italy
| | - Christopher Jones
- Procter & Gamble Innovation Centre, Strombeek-Bever Temseelan 100; B-1853 Brussels Belgium
| | - Martino Di Serio
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, M. Sant Angelo; 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Gerardino D'Errico
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, M. Sant Angelo; 80126 Naples Italy
- CSGI, Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino; Florence Italy
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14
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Damen M, Groenen AJJ, van Dongen SFM, Nolte RJM, Scholte BJ, Feiters MC. Transfection by cationic gemini lipids and surfactants. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:1404-1425. [PMID: 30288217 PMCID: PMC6148748 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00249e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diseases that are linked to defective genes or mutations can in principle be cured by gene therapy, in which damaged or absent genes are either repaired or replaced by new DNA in the nucleus of the cell. Related to this, disorders associated with elevated protein expression levels can be treated by RNA interference via the delivery of siRNA to the cytoplasm of cells. Polynucleotides can be brought into cells by viruses, but this is not without risk for the patient. Alternatively, DNA and RNA can be delivered by transfection, i.e. by non-viral vector systems such as cationic surfactants, which are also referred to as cationic lipids. In this review, recent progress on cationic lipids as transfection vectors will be discussed, with special emphasis on geminis, surfactants with 2 head groups and 2 tails connected by a spacer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Damen
- Institute for Molecules and Materials , Faculty of Science , Radboud University , Heyendaalseweg 135 , 6525 AJ Nijmegen , The Netherlands .
| | - A J J Groenen
- Institute for Molecules and Materials , Faculty of Science , Radboud University , Heyendaalseweg 135 , 6525 AJ Nijmegen , The Netherlands .
| | - S F M van Dongen
- Institute for Molecules and Materials , Faculty of Science , Radboud University , Heyendaalseweg 135 , 6525 AJ Nijmegen , The Netherlands .
| | - R J M Nolte
- Institute for Molecules and Materials , Faculty of Science , Radboud University , Heyendaalseweg 135 , 6525 AJ Nijmegen , The Netherlands .
| | - B J Scholte
- Departments of Pediatric pulmonology and Cell Biology , Erasmus MC, P. O. Box 2040 , 3000 CA Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| | - M C Feiters
- Institute for Molecules and Materials , Faculty of Science , Radboud University , Heyendaalseweg 135 , 6525 AJ Nijmegen , The Netherlands .
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15
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Martínez-Negro M, Guerrero-Martínez A, García-Río L, Domènech Ò, Aicart E, Tros de Ilarduya C, Junquera E. Multidisciplinary Approach to the Transfection of Plasmid DNA by a Nonviral Nanocarrier Based on a Gemini-Bolaamphiphilic Hybrid Lipid. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:208-217. [PMID: 30023772 PMCID: PMC6044976 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A multidisciplinary strategy, including both biochemical and biophysical studies, was proposed here to evaluate the potential of lipid nanoaggregates consisting of a mixture of a gemini-bolaamphiphilic lipid (C6C22C6) and the well-known helper lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) to transfect plasmid DNA into living cells in an efficient and safe way. For that purpose, several experimental techniques were employed, such as zeta potential (phase analysis light scattering methodology), agarose gel electrophoresis (pDNA compaction and pDNA protection assays), small-angle X-ray scattering, cryo-transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, fluorescence-assisted cell sorting, luminometry, and cytotoxicity assays. The results revealed that the cationic lipid and plasmid offer only 70 and 30% of their nominal positive () and negative charges (), respectively. Upon mixing with DOPE, they form lipoplexes that self-aggregate in typical multilamellar Lα lyotropic liquid-crystal nanostructures with sizes in the range of 100-200 nm and low polydispersities, very suitably fitted to remain in the bloodstream and cross the cell membrane. Interestingly, these nanoaggregates were able to compact, protect (from the degrading effect of DNase I), and transfect two DNA plasmids (pEGFP-C3, encoding the green fluorescent protein, and pCMV-Luc, encoding luciferase) into COS-7 cells, with an efficiency equal or even superior to that of the universal control Lipo2000*, as long as the effective +/- charge ratio was maintained higher than 1 but reasonably close to electroneutrality. Moreover, this transfection process was not cytotoxic because the viability of COS-7 cells remained at high levels, greater than 80%. All of these features make the C6C22C6/DOPE nanosystem an optimal nonviral gene nanocarrier in vitro and a potentially interesting candidate for future in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Martínez-Negro
- Departamento
de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Guerrero-Martínez
- Departamento
de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis García-Río
- Centro
Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica
e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química
Física, Universidade de Santiago, 15782 Santiago, Spain
| | - Òscar Domènech
- Departamento
de Farmacia, Tecnología Farmacéutica y Fisicoquímica,
Facultad de Farmacia y Ciencia de Los Alimentos, Universitat de Barcelona, and Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia
IN2UB, Barcelona, Catalonia 08028, Spain
| | - Emilio Aicart
- Departamento
de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Conchita Tros de Ilarduya
- Departamento
de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación
Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elena Junquera
- Departamento
de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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16
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Martínez-Negro M, Barrán-Berdón AL, Aicart-Ramos C, Moyá ML, de Ilarduya CT, Aicart E, Junquera E. Transfection of plasmid DNA by nanocarriers containing a gemini cationic lipid with an aromatic spacer or its monomeric counterpart. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 161:519-527. [PMID: 29128838 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study performed a biophysical characterization (electrochemistry, structure and morphology) and assessment of the biological activity and cell biocompatibility of GCL/DOPE-pDNA lipoplexes comprised of plasmid DNA and a mixed lipid formed by a DOPE zwitterionic lipid and a gemini cationic lipid N-N'-(1,3-phenylene bis (methylene)) bis (N,N-dimethyl-N-(1-dodecyl) ammonium dibromide (12PH12) containing an aromatic spacer or its monomeric counterpart surfactant, N-benzyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-(1-dodecyl) ammonium bromide (12PH). Electrochemical results reveal that i) the gemini cationic lipid (12PH12) and the plasmid pDNA yield effective charges less than their nominal charges (+2 and -2/bp, respectively) and that ii) both vectors (12PH12/DOPE and 12PH/DOPE) could compact pDNA and protect it from DNase I degradation. SAXS and cryo-TEM experiments indicate the presence of a lamellar lyotropic liquid crystal phase represented as alternating layers of mixed lipid and plasmid. Transfection efficiency (by FACS and luminometry) and cell viability assay in COS-7 cells, performed with two plasmid DNAs (pEGFP-C3 and pCMV-Luc VR1216), confirm the goodness of the proposed formulations (12PH12/DOPE and 12PH/DOPE) to transport genetic material, with efficiencies and biocompatibilities comparable to or better than those exhibited by the control Lipofectamine 2000*. In conclusion, although major attention has been paid to gemini cationic lipids in the literature, due to the large variety of modifications that their structures may support to improve the biological activity of the resulting lipoplexes, it is remarkable that the monomeric counterpart surfactant with an aromatic group analyzed in the present work also exhibits good biological activity. The in vitro results reported here indicate that the optimum formulations of the gene vectors studied in this work efficiently transfect plasmid DNA with very low toxicity levels and, thus, may be used in forthcoming in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Martínez-Negro
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física I, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana L Barrán-Berdón
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física I, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Aicart-Ramos
- Dpto. Bioquímica y Biología Molecular I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María L Moyá
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Catálisis Micelar, Departamento de Química Física I, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Emilio Aicart
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física I, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elena Junquera
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física I, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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17
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Martínez-Negro M, Caracciolo G, Palchetti S, Pozzi D, Capriotti AL, Cavaliere C, Laganà A, Ortiz Mellet C, Benito JM, García Fernández JM, Aicart E, Junquera E. Biophysics and protein corona analysis of Janus cyclodextrin-DNA nanocomplexes. Efficient cellular transfection on cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:1737-1749. [PMID: 28315770 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembling processes underlining the capabilities of facially differentiated ("Janus") polycationic amphiphilic cyclodextrins (paCDs) as non-viral gene nanocarriers have been investigated by a pluridisciplinary approach. Three representative Janus paCDs bearing a common tetradecahexanoyl multitail domain at the secondary face and differing in the topology of the cluster of amino groups at the primary side were selected for this study. All of them compact pEGFP-C3 plasmid DNA and promote transfection in HeLa and MCF-7 cells, both in absence and in presence of human serum. The electrochemical and structural characteristics of the paCD-pDNA complexes (CDplexes) have been studied by using zeta potential, DLS, SAXS, and cryo-TEM. paCDs and pDNA, when assembled in CDplexes, render effective charges that are lower than the nominal ones. The CDplexes show a self-assembling pattern corresponding to multilamellar lyotropic liquid crystal phases, characterized by a lamellar stacking of bilayers of the CD-based vectors with anionic pDNA sandwiched among them. When exposed to human serum, either in the absence or in the presence of pDNA, the surface of the cationic CD-based vector becomes coated by a protein corona (PC) whose composition has been analyzed by nanoLC-MS/MS. Some of the CDplexes herein studied showed moderate-to-high transfection levels in HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cells combined with moderate-to-high cell viabilities, as determined by FACS and MTT reduction assays. The ensemble of data provides a detail picture of the paCD-pDNA-PC association processes and a rational base to exploit the protein corona for targeted gene delivery on future in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martínez-Negro
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - G Caracciolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - S Palchetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - D Pozzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - A L Capriotti
- Department of Chemistry, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Pzle Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - C Cavaliere
- Department of Chemistry, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Pzle Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - A Laganà
- Department of Chemistry, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Pzle Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - C Ortiz Mellet
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, c/ Profesor García González 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - J M Benito
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC - Universidad de Sevilla, Avda., Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - J M García Fernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC - Universidad de Sevilla, Avda., Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - E Aicart
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Junquera
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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18
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Barrán-Berdón AL, Martínez-Negro M, García-Río L, Domènech Ò, Tros de Ilarduya C, Aicart E, Junquera E. A biophysical study of gene nanocarriers formed by anionic/zwitterionic mixed lipids and pillar[5]arene polycationic macrocycles. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:3122-3131. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02939f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A multivalent cationic macrocycle is used as a mediator between plasmid DNAs and anionic lipids (ALs) to build an efficient and safe gene nanocarrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L. Barrán-Berdón
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular
- Departamento de Química Física I
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
| | - María Martínez-Negro
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular
- Departamento de Química Física I
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
| | - Luis García-Río
- Departamento de Química Física
- Centro de Investigación en Química Biológica y Materiales Moleculares
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- 15782 Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - Òscar Domènech
- Departamento de Fisicoquímica
- Facultat de Farmàcia
- Universitat de Barcelona
- 08028 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Conchita Tros de Ilarduya
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica
- Facultad de Farmacia
- Universidad de Navarra
- IdiSNA
- Navarra Institute for Health Research
| | - Emilio Aicart
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular
- Departamento de Química Física I
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
| | - Elena Junquera
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular
- Departamento de Química Física I
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
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19
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Martínez-Negro M, Kumar K, Barrán-Berdón AL, Datta S, Kondaiah P, Junquera E, Bhattacharya S, Aicart E. Efficient Cellular Knockdown Mediated by siRNA Nanovectors of Gemini Cationic Lipids Having Delocalizable Headgroups and Oligo-Oxyethylene Spacers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:22113-22126. [PMID: 27508330 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to silence specific genes is one of the most promising approaches in gene therapy, but it requires efficient nanovectors for successful cellular delivery. Recently, we reported liposomal gene carriers derived from a gemini cationic lipid (GCL) of the 1,2-bis(hexadecyl dimethyl imidazolium) oligo-oxyethylene series ((C16Im)2(C2H4O)nC2H4 with n = 1, 2, or 3) and 1,2-dioleyol phosphatidylethanolamine as highly efficient cytofectins for pDNA. On the basis of the satisfactory outcomes of the previous study, the present work focuses on the utility of coliposomes of these gemini lipids with the biocompatible neutral lipid mono oleoyl glycerol (MOG) as highly potent vectors for siRNA cellular transport in the presence of serum. The (C16Im)2(C2H4O)nC2H4/MOG-siRNA lipoplexes were characterized through (i) a physicochemical study (zeta potential, cryo-transmission electron microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering, and fluorescence anisotropy) to establish the relationship between size, structure, fluidity, and the interaction between siRNA and the GCL/MOG gene vectors and (ii) a biological analysis (flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and cell viability) to report the anti-GFP siRNA transfections in HEK 293T, HeLa, and H1299 cancer cell lines. The in vitro biological analysis confirms the cellular uptake and indicates that a short spacer, a very low molar fraction of GCL in the mixed lipid, and a moderate effective charge ratio of the lipoplex yielded maximum silencing efficacy. At these experimental conditions, the siRNA used in this work is compacted by the GCL/MOG nanovectors by forming two cubic structures (Ia3d and Pm3n) that are correlated with excellent silencing activity. These liposomal nanocarriers possess high silencing activity with a negligible cytotoxicity, which strongly supports their practical use for in vivo knockdown studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Martínez-Negro
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana L Barrán-Berdón
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Elena Junquera
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Emilio Aicart
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , 28040 Madrid, Spain
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20
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Junquera E, Aicart E. Recent progress in gene therapy to deliver nucleic acids with multivalent cationic vectors. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 233:161-175. [PMID: 26265376 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to the potential use as transfecting agents of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA), multivalent cationic non-viral vectors have received special attention in the last decade. Much effort has been addressed to synthesize more efficient and biocompatible gene vectors able to transport nucleic acids into the cells without provoking an immune response. Among them, the mostly explored to compact and transfect nucleic acids are: (a) gemini and multivalent cationic lipids, mixed with a helper lipid, by forming lipoplexes; and (b) cationic polymers, polycations, and polyrotaxanes, by forming polyplexes. This review is focused on the progress and recent advances experimented in this area, mainly during the present decade, devoting special attention to the lipoplexes and polyplexes, as follows: (a) to its biophysical characterization (mainly electrostatics, structure, size and morphology) using a wide variety of experimental methods; and (b) to its biological activity (transfection efficacy and cytotoxicity) addressed to confirm the optimum formulations and viability of these complexes as very promising gene vectors of nucleic acids in nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Junquera
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Aicart
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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21
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Qiao F, Wang M, Liu Z, Fan Y, Wang Y. Transitions in the Molecular Configuration and Aggregates for Mixtures of a Star-Shaped Hexameric Cationic Surfactant and a Monomeric Anionic Surfactant. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:2763-2772. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201600432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fulin Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Science; Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Meina Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Science; Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Zhang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Science; Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Yaxun Fan
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Science; Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Science; Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
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22
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Pietralik Z, Skrzypczak A, Kozak M. Dicationic Surfactants with Glycine Counter Ions for Oligonucleotide Transportation. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:2424-33. [PMID: 27214208 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Gemini surfactants are good candidates to bind, protect, and deliver nucleic acids. Herein, the concept of amino acids (namely glycine) as counter ions of gemini surfactants for gene therapy application was explored. This study was conducted on DNA and RNA oligomers and two quaternary bis-imidazolium salts, having 2,5-dioxahexane and 2,8-dioxanonane spacer groups. The toxicity level of surfactants was assessed by an MTT assay, and their ability to bind nucleic acids was tested through electrophoresis. The nucleic acid conformation was established based on circular dichroism and infrared spectroscopic analyses. The structures of the formed complexes were characterized by small-angle scattering of synchrotron radiation. Both studied surfactants appear to be suitable for gene therapy; however, although they vary by only three methylene groups in the spacer, they differ in binding ability and toxicity. The tested oligonucleotides maintained their native conformations upon surfactant addition and the studied lipoplexes formed a variety of structures. In systems based on a 2,5-dioxahexane spacer, a hexagonal phase was observed for DNA-surfactant complexes and a micellar phase was dominant with RNA. For the surfactant with a 2,8-dioxanonane spacer group, the primitive cubic phase prevailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Pietralik
- Department of Macromolecular Physics, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Skrzypczak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Kozak
- Department of Macromolecular Physics, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznan, Poland. .,Joint Laboratory for SAXS Studies, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
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23
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Sarrión B, Bernal E, Martín VI, López-López M, López-Cornejo P, García-Calderón M, Moyá ML. Binding of 12-s-12 dimeric surfactants to calf thymus DNA: Evaluation of the spacer length influence. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 144:311-318. [PMID: 27108208 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Several cationic dimeric surfactants have shown high affinity towards DNA. Bis-quaternary ammonium salts (m-s-m) have been the most common type of dimeric surfactants investigated and it is generally admitted that those that posses a short spacer (s≤3) show better efficiency to bind or compact DNA. However, experimental results in this work show that 12-s-12 surfactants with long spacers make the surfactant/ctDNA complexation more favorable than those with short spacers. A larger contribution of the hydrophobic interactions, which control the binding Gibbs energy, as well as a higher average charge of the surfactant molecules bound to the nucleic acid, which favors the electrostatic attractions, could explain the experimental observations. Dimeric surfactants with intermediate spacer length seem to be the less efficient for DNA binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Sarrión
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Eva Bernal
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Victoria Isabel Martín
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel López-López
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Campus de El Carmen, Avda. de las Fuerzas Armadas s/n, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Pilar López-Cornejo
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Margarita García-Calderón
- Department of Vegetal Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - María Luisa Moyá
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Seville, Spain.
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24
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Badwaik VD, Aicart E, Mondjinou YA, Johnson MA, Bowman VD, Thompson DH. Structure-property relationship for in vitro siRNA delivery performance of cationic 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin: PEG-PPG-PEG polyrotaxane vectors. Biomaterials 2016; 84:86-98. [PMID: 26826298 PMCID: PMC4755830 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-mediated siRNA delivery is a promising therapeutic approach, however, the processes required for transport of these materials across the numerous extracellular and intracellular barriers are poorly understood. Efficient delivery of siRNA-containing nanoparticles would ultimately benefit from an improved understanding of how parameters associated with these barriers relate to the physicochemical properties of the nanoparticle vectors. We report the synthesis of three Pluronic(®)-based, cholesterol end-capped cationic polyrotaxanes (PR(+)) threaded with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) for siRNA delivery. The biological data showed that PR(+):siRNA complexes were well tolerated (∼90% cell viability) and produced efficient silencing (>80%) in HeLa-GFP and NIH 3T3-GFP cell lines. We further used a multi-parametric approach to identify relationships between the PR(+) structure, PR(+):siRNA complex physical properties, and biological activity. Small angle X-ray scattering and cryoelectron microscopy studies reveal periodicity and lamellar architectures for PR(+):siRNA complexes, whereas the biological assays, ζ potential measurements, and imaging studies suggest that silencing efficiency is influenced by the effective charge ratio (ρeff), polypropylene oxide (PO) block length, and central PO block coverage (i.e., rigidity) of the PR(+) core. We infer from our findings that more compact PR(+):siRNA nanostructures arising from lower molecular weight, rigid rod-like PR(+) polymer cores produce improved silencing efficiency relative to higher molecular weight, more flexible PR(+) vectors of similar effective charge. This study demonstrates that PR(+):siRNA complex formulations can be produced having higher performance than Lipofectamine(®) 2000, while maintaining good cell viability and siRNA sequence protection in cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek D Badwaik
- Department of Chemistry, Multi-disciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, 1203 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Emilio Aicart
- Department of Chemistry, Multi-disciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, 1203 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yawo A Mondjinou
- Department of Chemistry, Multi-disciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, 1203 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Merrell A Johnson
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Valorie D Bowman
- Discovery Park, Hockmeyer Hall of Structural Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - David H Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Multi-disciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, 1203 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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25
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Ahmed T, Kamel AO, Wettig SD. Interactions between DNA and Gemini surfactant: impact on gene therapy: part I. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:289-306. [PMID: 26785905 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonviral gene therapy using gemini surfactants is a unique approach to medicine that can be adapted toward the treatment of various diseases. Recently, gemini surfactants have been utilized as candidates for the formation of nonviral vectors. The chemical structure of the surfactant (variations in the alkyl tail length and spacer/head group) and the resulting physicochemical properties of the lipoplexes are critical parameters for efficient gene transfection. Moreover, studying the interaction of the surfactant with DNA can help in designing an efficient vector and understanding how transfection complexes overcome various cellular barriers. Part I of this review provides an overview of various types of gemini surfactants designed for gene therapy and their transfection efficiency; and Part II will focus on different novel methods utilized to understand the interactions between the gemini and DNA in a lipoplex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taksim Ahmed
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.,Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Amany O Kamel
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.,Department of Pharmaceutics & Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Khalifa El-Maamon Street, Abbasiya Square, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Shawn D Wettig
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.,Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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26
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Ahmed T, Kamel AO, Wettig SD. Interactions between DNA and gemini surfactant: impact on gene therapy: part II. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:403-20. [PMID: 26784450 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonviral gene delivery, provides distinct treatment modalities for the inherited and acquired diseases, relies upon the encapsulation of a gene of interest, which is then ideally delivered to the target cells. Variations in the chemical structure of gemini surfactants and subsequent physicochemical characteristics of the gemini-based lipoplexes and their impact on efficient gene transfection were assessed in part I, which was published in first March 2016 issue of Nanomedicine (1103). In order to design an efficient vector using gemini surfactants, the interaction of the surfactant with DNA and other components of the delivery system must be characterized, and more critically, well understood. Such studies will help to understand how nonviral transfection complexes, in general, overcome various cellular barriers. The Langmuir-Blodgett monolayer studies, atomic force microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, isothermal titration calorimetry, small-angle x-ray scattering, are extensively used to evaluate the interaction behavior of gemini surfactants with DNA and other vector components. Part II of this review focuses on the use of these unique techniques to understand their interaction with DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taksim Ahmed
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.,Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Amany O Kamel
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.,Department of Pharmaceutics & Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Khalifa El-Maamon Street, Abbasiya Square, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Shawn D Wettig
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.,Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
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27
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Barrán-Berdón AL, Aicart E, Junquera E. Anionic/Zwitterionic Lipid-Based Gene Vectors of pDNA. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1445:45-61. [PMID: 27436312 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3718-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of anionic lipids (ALs) as non-viral gene vectors depicts a promising alternative to cationic lipids (CLs) since they are more biocompatible and present lower levels of phagocytosis by macrophages. Several experimental methods, such as electrophoretic mobility (ζ-potential), gel electrophoresis, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), fluorescence and confocal fluorescence microscopies (FM and CFM), flow assisted cell sorting-flow cytometry (FACS-FCM), and cell viability/cytotoxicity assays can be used for a complete physicochemical and biochemical characterization of lipoplexes formed by an AL, a zwitterionic lipid (ZL), and a plasmid DNA (pDNA), their electrostatic interaction being necessarily mediated by divalent cations, such as Ca(2+). In the present chapter, we summarize the protocols optimized for the mentioned characterization techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L Barrán-Berdón
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaris s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Aicart
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaris s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Junquera
- Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular, Departamento de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaris s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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28
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Kamal MS. A Review of Gemini Surfactants: Potential Application in Enhanced Oil Recovery. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11743-015-1776-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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29
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Pietralik Z, Kołodziejska Ż, Weiss M, Kozak M. Gemini Surfactants Based on Bis-Imidazolium Alkoxy Derivatives as Effective Agents for Delivery of Nucleic Acids: A Structural and Spectroscopic Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144373. [PMID: 26641889 PMCID: PMC4671569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The success rate of gene therapy depends on the efficient transfection of genetic material into cells. The golden mean between harmlessness and high effectiveness can be provided by synthetic lipid-like molecules that are similar to the components of biological membranes. Cationic gemini surfactants are one such moiety and because of their favourable physicochemical properties (double positive electric charge, reduced toxicity, low values of critical micelle concentration), they show great potential as delivery system components for genetic material in gene therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the process of the complexation of cationic gemini surfactants with nucleic acids: double-stranded DNA of different sizes (21 bp, ~185 bp, ~20 kbp) and siRNA (21 bp). The tested series of dicationic surfactants consists of bis-imidazolium quaternary salts with varying lengths of hydrophobic side chains (m = 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 16). On the basis of the data obtained by circular dichroism spectroscopy and electrophoresis, we concluded that the studied gemini surfactants with long side chains effectively bind nucleic acids at low concentrations, which leads to the formation of stable lipoplexes. Images obtained by atomic force microscopy also confirmed the formation of vesicular structures, i.e., complexes between DNA and surfactants. The cytotoxicity of selected surfactants was also tested on HeLa cells. The surfactant toxicity significantly depends on surfactant geometry (the length of hydrophobic chain).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Pietralik
- Department of Macromolecular Physics, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61–614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Żaneta Kołodziejska
- Department of Macromolecular Physics, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61–614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marek Weiss
- Institute of Physics, Poznań University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60–965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Kozak
- Department of Macromolecular Physics, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61–614 Poznań, Poland
- Joint Laboratory for SAXS studies, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61–614 Poznań, Poland
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30
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Barrán-Berdón AL, Yélamos B, García-Río L, Domènech Ò, Aicart E, Junquera E. Polycationic Macrocyclic Scaffolds as Potential Non-Viral Vectors of DNA: A Multidisciplinary Study. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:14404-14414. [PMID: 26067709 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b03231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The potential of lipoplexes constituted by the DNA pEGFP-C3 (encoding green fluorescent protein), polycationic calixarene-based macrocyclic vector (CxCL) with a lipidic matrix (herein named TMAC4), and zwitterionic lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) as nontoxic DNA vectors has been analyzed from both biophysical and biochemical perspectives. For that purpose, several experimental methods, such as zeta potential (PALS methodology), agarose gel electrophoresis, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), transmission electronic cryo-microscopy (cryo-TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), fluorescence microscopy, and cytotoxicity assays have been used. The electrochemical study shows that TMAC4 has 100% of its nominal charge available, whereas pDNA presents an effective negative charge that is only 10% that of its nominal one. PALS studies indicate the presence of three populations of nanoaggregates in TMAC4/DOPE lipid mixtures, with sizes of approximately 100, 17, and 6 nm, compatible with liposomes, oblate micelles, and spherical micelles, respectively, the first two also being detected by cryo-TEM. However, in the presence of pDNA, this mixture is organized in Lα multilamellar structures at all compositions. In fact, cryo-TEM micrographs show two types of multilamellar aggregation patterns: cluster-type at low and moderate CxCL molar fractions in the TMAC4/DOPE lipid mixture (α = 0.2 and 0.5), and fingerprint-type (FP), which are only present at low CxCL molar fraction (α = 0.2). This structural scenario has also been observed in SAXS diffractograms, including the coexistence of two different phases when DOPE dominates in the mixture. AFM experiments at α = 0.2 provide evidence that pDNA makes the lipid bilayer more deformable, thus promoting a potential enhancement in the capability of penetrating the cells. In fact, the best transfection perfomances of these TMAC4/DOPE-pDNA lipoplexes have been obtained at low CxCL molar fractions (α = 0.2) and a moderate-to-high effective charge ratio (ρeff = 20). Presumably, the coexistence of two lamellar phases is responsible for the better TE performance at low α.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luis García-Río
- ⊥Departamento de Química Física, Centro de Investigación en Química Biológica y Materiales Moleculares, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Òscar Domènech
- §Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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31
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Pietralik Z, Kumita JR, Dobson CM, Kozak M. The influence of novel gemini surfactants containing cycloalkyl side-chains on the structural phases of DNA in solution. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 131:83-92. [PMID: 25969417 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Very important to gene therapy is the delivery system of the nucleic acids (called a vector), which will enhance the efficiency of the transport of new DNA into cells whilst protecting against damage. A promising alternative to the currently used viral vectors are the systems based on amphiphilic compounds - lipoplexes. Among them, gemini surfactants, which consist of two hydrophobic chains and two cationic heads connected by a linker - spacer group, appear to be promising candidates. The subject of this study involves two gemini surfactants, alkoxy derivatives of bis-imidazolium quaternary salts, differing in the length of their spacer groups and how they interact with two types of salmon sperm DNA (low and high molecular weight (MW)) or plasmid DNA (pDNA). The mixtures of gemini surfactants with nucleic acids of differing p/n ratios (positive-to-negative charge ratio) were characterised by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) of synchrotron radiation, dynamic light scattering (DLS), circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and gel electrophoresis techniques. This analysis allows for the selection of the most suitable and promising candidates for non-viral vectors in gene therapy, determination of the conditions needed to form stable complexes, identification of conformational changes in the DNA molecules upon interactions with gemini surfactants and in some cases, determination of the structures formed in these lipoplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Pietralik
- Department of Macromolecular Physics, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Janet R Kumita
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher M Dobson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Maciej Kozak
- Department of Macromolecular Physics, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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32
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Misra SK, Ohoka A, Kolmodin NJ, Pan D. Next Generation Carbon Nanoparticles for Efficient Gene Therapy. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:375-85. [DOI: 10.1021/mp500742y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K. Misra
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute, Biomedical Research
Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ayako Ohoka
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute, Biomedical Research
Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Nicholas J. Kolmodin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute, Biomedical Research
Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Dipanjan Pan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute, Biomedical Research
Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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33
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Kumar K, Barrán-Berdón AL, Datta S, Muñoz-Úbeda M, Aicart-Ramos C, Kondaiah P, Junquera E, Bhattacharya S, Aicart E. A delocalizable cationic headgroup together with an oligo-oxyethylene spacer in gemini cationic lipids improves their biological activity as vectors of plasmid DNA. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:1495-1506. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01948b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lipoplexes of plasmid DNA and mixed liposomes, with a gemini cationic lipid of the 1,2-bis(hexadecyl imidazolium) oxyethylene series, improves their biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishan Kumar
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- 560012 Bangalore
- India
| | - Ana L. Barrán-Berdón
- Departments of Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular
- Departamento de Química Física I
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
- Spain
| | - Sougata Datta
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- 560012 Bangalore
- India
| | - Mónica Muñoz-Úbeda
- Departments of Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular
- Departamento de Química Física I
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
- Spain
| | - Clara Aicart-Ramos
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular I
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
- Spain
| | - Paturu Kondaiah
- Molecular Reproduction Development and Genetics
- Indian Institute of Science
- 560012 Bangalore
- India
| | - Elena Junquera
- Departments of Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular
- Departamento de Química Física I
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
- Spain
| | | | - Emilio Aicart
- Departments of Grupo de Química Coloidal y Supramolecular
- Departamento de Química Física I
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
- Spain
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34
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Qiu K, Yu B, Huang H, Zhang P, Ji L, Chao H. Tetranuclear ruthenium(ii) complexes with oligo-oxyethylene linkers as one- and two-photon luminescent tracking non-viral gene vectors. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:7058-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00117j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Four tetranuclear ruthenium(ii) complexes Ru1–Ru4 based on oligo-oxyethylene and polybenzimidazole have been developed as one- and two-photon luminescent tracking non-viral gene vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangqiang Qiu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Bole Yu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Huaiyi Huang
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Pingyu Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Liangnian Ji
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Chao
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
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35
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Xu X, Jiang Q, Zhang X, Nie Y, Zhang Z, Li Y, Cheng G, Gu Z. Virus-inspired mimics: self-assembly of dendritic lipopeptides into arginine-rich nanovectors for improving gene delivery. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:7006-7010. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01070e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
With inspirations from natural viruses, arginine-containing dendritic lipopeptides were designed for bioinspired fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Qian Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Yu Nie
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Yunkun Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Gang Cheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
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36
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Dahan E, Sundararajan PR. Solvent-dependent nanostructures of gels of a Gemini surfactant based on perylene diimide spacer and oligostyrene tails. Eur Polym J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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37
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Caracciolo G, Pozzi D, Capriotti AL, Cavaliere C, Piovesana S, La Barbera G, Amici A, Laganà A. The liposome–protein corona in mice and humans and its implications for in vivo delivery. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:7419-7428. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01316f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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