1
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Huang X, Liang W. Real-Time Simulation of Ultrafast Electronic Dynamics of Nanoscale Systems Involving an Organic Molecule and a Nanoparticle Dimer. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:6592-6597. [PMID: 38885450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Understanding and predicting the behavior of nanomaterials composed of plasmons interacting with quantum emitters at ultrafast timescales is crucial for the better manipulation of light at the nanoscale and advancing technologies like ultrafast communication and computing. Here we perform a simulation of the "real-time" electronic dynamics of a coupled molecule-metal nanoparticle dimer interacting with an ultrashort resonant laser pulse by combining the real-time time-dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT) approach with the time-domain frequency-dependent fluctuating charge (TD-ωFQ) model, an atomistic electromagnetic (AEM) model for the dynamic plasmonic response of nanoparticles. It is shown that the induced dipoles evolve from an exponential decay pattern to a beat pattern with an increase in coupling strength, which is altered by changing the molecular orientation relative to the dimer axis. It is further shown that in the strong coupling regime, both the excited molecule and the plasmon relax rapidly due to the molecule-plasmon interaction, and the efficient coherent energy exchange between the interacting molecule and plasmon modes occurs on a femtosecond (fs) timescale. This work provides guidance on manipulating light-matter interaction and studying molecular plasmonics at extremely fast timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunkun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - WanZhen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
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2
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Huang X, Zhang W, Liang W. Time-dependent Kohn-Sham electron dynamics coupled with nonequilibrium plasmonic response via atomistic electromagnetic model. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:214106. [PMID: 38828813 DOI: 10.1063/5.0205845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Computational modeling of plasmon-mediated molecular photophysical and photochemical behaviors can help us better understand and tune the bound molecular properties and reactivity and make better decisions to design and control nanostructures. However, computational investigations of coupled plasmon-molecule systems are challenging due to the lack of accurate and efficient protocols to simulate these systems. Here, we present a hybrid scheme by combining the real-time time-dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT) approach with the time-domain frequency dependent fluctuating charge (TD-ωFQ) model. At first, we transform ωFQ in the frequency-domain, an atomistic electromagnetic model for the plasmonic response of plasmonic metal nanoparticles (PMNPs), into the time-domain and derive its equation-of-motion formulation. The TD-ωFQ introduces the nonequilibrium plasmonic response of PMNPs and atomistic interactions to the electronic excitation of the quantum mechanical (QM) region. Then, we combine TD-ωFQ with RT-TDDFT. The derived RT-TDDFT/TD-ωFQ scheme allows us to effectively simulate the plasmon-mediated "real-time" electronic dynamics and even the coupled electron-nuclear dynamics by combining them with the nuclear dynamics approaches. As a first application of the RT-TDDFT/TD-ωFQ method, we study the nonradiative decay rate and plasmon-enhanced absorption spectra of two small molecules in the proximity of sodium MNPs. Thanks to the atomistic nature of the ωFQ model, the edge effect of MNP on absorption enhancement has also been investigated and unveiled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunkun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenshu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - WanZhen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
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3
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Nguyen M, Duong T, Neuhauser D. Time-dependent density functional theory with the orthogonal projector augmented wave method. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:144101. [PMID: 38587220 DOI: 10.1063/5.0193343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The projector augmented wave (PAW) method of Blöchl linearly maps smooth pseudo wavefunctions to the highly oscillatory all-electron DFT orbitals. Compared to norm-conserving pseudopotentials (NCPP), PAW has the advantage of lower kinetic energy cutoffs and larger grid spacing at the cost of having to solve for non-orthogonal wavefunctions. We earlier developed orthogonal PAW (OPAW) to allow the use of PAW when orthogonal wavefunctions are required. In OPAW, the pseudo wavefunctions are transformed through the efficient application of powers of the PAW overlap operator with essentially no extra cost compared to NCPP methods. Previously, we applied OPAW to DFT. Here, we take the first step to make OPAW viable for post-DFT methods by implementing it in real-time time-dependent (TD) DFT. Using fourth-order Runge-Kutta for the time-propagation, we compare calculations of absorption spectra for various organic and biological molecules and show that very large grid spacings are sufficient, 0.6-0.7 bohr in OPAW-TDDFT rather than the 0.4-0.5 bohr used in traditional NCPP-TDDFT calculations. This reduces the memory and propagation costs by around a factor of 3. Our method would be directly applicable to any post-DFT methods that require time-dependent propagations such as the GW approximation and the Bethe-Salpeter equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Tim Duong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Daniel Neuhauser
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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4
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Neufeld O, Hübener H, Giovannini UD, Rubio A. Tracking electron motion within and outside of Floquet bands from attosecond pulse trains in time-resolved ARPES. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:225401. [PMID: 38364263 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad2a0e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Floquet engineering has recently emerged as a technique for controlling material properties with light. Floquet phases can be probed with time- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (Tr-ARPES), providing direct access to the laser-dressed electronic bands. Applications of Tr-ARPES to date focused on observing the Floquet-Bloch bands themselves, and their build-up and dephasing on sub-laser-cycle timescales. However, momentum and energy resolved sub-laser-cycle dynamics between Floquet bands have not been analyzed. Given that Floquet theory strictly applies in time-periodic conditions, the notion of resolving sub-laser-cycle dynamics between Floquet states seems contradictory-it requires probe pulse durations below a laser cycle that inherently cannot discern the time-periodic nature of the light-matter system. Here we propose to employ attosecond pulse train probes with the same temporal periodicity as the Floquet-dressing pump pulse, allowing both attosecond sub-laser-cycle resolution and a proper projection of Tr-ARPES spectra on the Floquet-Bloch bands. We formulate and employ this approach inab-initiocalculations in light-driven graphene. Our calculations predict significant sub-laser-cycle dynamics occurring within the Floquet phase with the majority of electrons moving within and in-between Floquet bands, and a small portion residing and moving outside of them in what we denote as 'non-Floquet' bands. We establish that non-Floquet bands arise from the pump laser envelope that induces non-adiabatic electronic excitations during the pulse turn-on and turn-off. By performing calculations in systems with poly-chromatic pumps we also show that Floquet states are not formed on a sub-laser-cycle level. This work indicates that the Floquet-Bloch states are generally not a complete basis set for sub-laser-cycle dynamics in steady-state phases of matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofer Neufeld
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Hannes Hübener
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Umberto De Giovannini
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica-Emilio Segrè, Palermo I-90123, Italy
| | - Angel Rubio
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), The Flatiron Institute, New York, NY 10010, United States of America
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5
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Lebedeva IV, Jornet-Somoza J. Optical properties and exciton transfer between N-heterocyclic carbene iridium(III) complexes for blue light-emitting diode applications from first principles. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:084107. [PMID: 38391015 DOI: 10.1063/5.0193161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) iridium(III) complexes are considered as promising candidates for blue emitters in organic light-emitting diodes. They can play the roles of the emitter as well as of electron and hole transporters in the same emission layer. We investigate optical transitions in such complexes with account of geometry and electronic structure changes upon excitation or charging and exciton transfer between the complexes from first principles. It is shown that excitation of NHC iridium complexes is accompanied by a large reorganization energy ∼0.7 eV and a significant loss in the oscillator strength, which should lead to low exciton diffusion. Calculations with account of spin-orbit coupling reveal a small singlet-triplet splitting ∼0.1 eV, whereas the oscillator strength for triplet excitations is found to be an order of magnitude smaller than for the singlet ones. The contributions of the Förster and Dexter mechanisms are analyzed via the explicit integration of transition densities. It is shown that for typical distances between emitter complexes in the emission layer, the contribution of the Dexter mechanism should be negligible compared to the Förster mechanism. At the same time, the ideal dipole approximation, although giving the correct order of the exciton coupling, fails to reproduce the result taking into account spatial distribution of the transition density. For charged NHC complexes, we find a number of optical transitions close to the emission peak of the blue emitter with high exciton transfer rates that can be responsible for exciton-polaron quenching. The nature of these transitions is analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Lebedeva
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and ETSF, Universidad del País Vasco, CFM CSIC-UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Joaquim Jornet-Somoza
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and ETSF, Universidad del País Vasco, CFM CSIC-UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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6
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Hamer KA, Folorunso AS, Lopata K, Schafer KJ, Gaarde MB, Mauger F. Tracking Charge Migration with Frequency-Matched Strobo-Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:20-27. [PMID: 38165105 PMCID: PMC10788909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
We present frequency-matched strobo-spectroscopy (FMSS) of charge migration (CM) in bromobutadiyne, simulated with time-dependent density functional theory. CM + FMSS is a pump-probe scheme that uses a frequency-matched high harmonic generation (HHG)-driving laser as an independent probe step, following the creation of a localized hole on the bromine atom that induces CM dynamics. We show that the delay-dependent harmonic yield tracks the phase of the CM dynamics through its sensitivity to the amount of electron density on the bromine end of the molecule. FMSS takes advantage of the intrinsic attosecond time resolution of the HHG process in which different harmonics are emitted at different times and thus probe different locations of the electron hole. Finally, we show that the CM-induced modulation of the HHG signal is dominated by the recombination step of the HHG process, with a negligible contribution from the ionization step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A. Hamer
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State
University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Aderonke S. Folorunso
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Kenneth Lopata
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
- Center
for Computation and Technology, Louisiana
State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Kenneth J. Schafer
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State
University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Mette B. Gaarde
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State
University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - François Mauger
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State
University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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7
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Galler A, Rubio A, Neufeld O. Mapping Light-Dressed Floquet Bands by Highly Nonlinear Optical Excitations and Valley Polarization. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:11298-11304. [PMID: 38063672 PMCID: PMC10749462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast nonlinear optical phenomena in solids have been attracting a great deal of interest as novel methodologies for the femtosecond spectroscopy of electron dynamics and control of the properties of materials. Here, we theoretically investigate strong-field nonlinear optical transitions in a prototypical two-dimensional material, hBN, and show that the k-resolved conduction band charge occupation patterns induced by an elliptically polarized laser can be understood in a multiphoton resonant picture, but, remarkably, only if using the Floquet light-dressed states instead of the undressed matter states. Our work demonstrates that Floquet dressing affects ultrafast charge dynamics and photoexcitation even from a single pump pulse and establishes a direct measurable signature for band dressing in nonlinear optical processes in solids, opening new paths for ultrafast spectroscopy and valley manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Galler
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free Electron Laser Science, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Angel Rubio
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free Electron Laser Science, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Center
for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron
Institute, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - Ofer Neufeld
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free Electron Laser Science, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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8
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Xu Q, Del Ben M, Sait Okyay M, Choi M, Ibrahim KZ, Wong BM. Velocity-Gauge Real-Time Time-Dependent Density Functional Tight-Binding for Large-Scale Condensed Matter Systems. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:7989-7997. [PMID: 37955975 PMCID: PMC10688181 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
We present a new velocity-gauge real-time, time-dependent density functional tight-binding (VG-rtTDDFTB) implementation in the open-source DFTB+ software package (https://dftbplus.org) for probing electronic excitations in large, condensed matter systems. Our VG-rtTDDFTB approach enables real-time electron dynamics simulations of large, periodic, condensed matter systems containing thousands of atoms with a favorable computational scaling as a function of system size. We provide computational details and benchmark calculations to demonstrate its accuracy and computational parallelizability on a variety of large material systems. As a representative example, we calculate laser-induced electron dynamics in a 512-atom amorphous silicon supercell to highlight the large periodic systems that can be examined with our implementation. Taken together, our VG-rtTDDFTB approach enables new electron dynamics simulations of complex systems that require large periodic supercells, such as crystal defects, complex surfaces, nanowires, and amorphous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xu
- Materials
Science & Engineering Program, Department of
Chemistry, and Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California−Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Mauro Del Ben
- Applied
Mathematics & Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Mahmut Sait Okyay
- Materials
Science & Engineering Program, Department of
Chemistry, and Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California−Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Min Choi
- Materials
Science & Engineering Program, Department of
Chemistry, and Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California−Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Khaled Z. Ibrahim
- Applied
Mathematics & Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Bryan M. Wong
- Materials
Science & Engineering Program, Department of
Chemistry, and Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California−Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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9
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Ginsberg JS, Jadidi MM, Zhang J, Chen CY, Tancogne-Dejean N, Chae SH, Patwardhan GN, Xian L, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Hone J, Rubio A, Gaeta AL. Phonon-enhanced nonlinearities in hexagonal boron nitride. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7685. [PMID: 38001087 PMCID: PMC10673846 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43501-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Polar crystals can be driven into collective oscillations by optical fields tuned to precise resonance frequencies. As the amplitude of the excited phonon modes increases, novel processes scaling non-linearly with the applied fields begin to contribute to the dynamics of the atomic system. Here we show two such optical nonlinearities that are induced and enhanced by the strong phonon resonance in the van der Waals crystal hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). We predict and observe large sub-picosecond duration signals due to four-wave mixing (FWM) during resonant excitation. The resulting FWM signal allows for time-resolved observation of the crystal motion. In addition, we observe enhancements of third-harmonic generation with resonant pumping at the hBN transverse optical phonon. Phonon-induced nonlinear enhancements are also predicted to yield large increases in high-harmonic efficiencies beyond the third.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared S Ginsberg
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
| | - M Mehdi Jadidi
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Jin Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg, 22761, Germany.
| | - Cecilia Y Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Nicolas Tancogne-Dejean
- Max Planck Institute for Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg, 22761, Germany
| | - Sang Hoon Chae
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, NY, 10027, USA
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Gauri N Patwardhan
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York, NY, 10027, USA
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Lede Xian
- Max Planck Institute for Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg, 22761, Germany
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - James Hone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Angel Rubio
- Max Planck Institute for Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg, 22761, Germany.
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Simons Foundation Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, 10010, USA.
| | - Alexander L Gaeta
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
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10
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Wang P, Fang F. Defect-Mediated Atomic Layer Etching Processes on Cl-Si(100): An Atomistic Insight. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:21106-21113. [PMID: 37937159 PMCID: PMC10626627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c05378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Defects play a significant role in atomic layer etching (ALE) processes; however, a fundamental understanding at the atomic level is still lacking. To bridge this knowledge gap, this study investigated the role of point defects in the laser-induced ALE of Cl-Si(100) using density functional theory (DFT) and real-time time-dependent DFT calculations. In the calculations, both the pristine surface and the defective surface were considered for comparative analysis. The key finding is the enhanced desorption of SiCl molecules, facilitated by point defects under laser pulse irradiation. The presence of point defects was found to effectively reduce both the desorption energy barrier and the laser intensity threshold required for desorption. Additionally, extra defective levels within the band gap were observed through the density-of-state diagram. Based on these findings, a defect-mediated etching regime was proposed to elucidate the layer-by-layer etching process. This study provides atomistic insight into understanding the role of defects in laser-induced ALE processes. The presence of point defects can enhance the etching selectivity between the topmost layer and the underlying layers, thereby contributing to highly efficient and damage-free etching processes through the defect-mediated etching mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhi Wang
- Centre
of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology (MNMT-Dublin), University College Dublin, Dublin D4, Ireland
| | - Fengzhou Fang
- Centre
of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology (MNMT-Dublin), University College Dublin, Dublin D4, Ireland
- State
Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments,
Laboratory of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology (MNMT), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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11
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Biswas A, Xu R, Alvarez GA, Zhang J, Christiansen-Salameh J, Puthirath AB, Burns K, Hachtel JA, Li T, Iyengar SA, Gray T, Li C, Zhang X, Kannan H, Elkins J, Pieshkov TS, Vajtai R, Birdwell AG, Neupane MR, Garratt EJ, Ivanov TG, Pate BB, Zhao Y, Zhu H, Tian Z, Rubio A, Ajayan PM. Non-Linear Optics at Twist Interfaces in h-BN/SiC Heterostructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304624. [PMID: 37707242 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the emergent electronic structure in twisted atomically thin layers has led to the exciting field of twistronics. However, practical applications of such systems are challenging since the specific angular correlations between the layers must be precisely controlled and the layers have to be single crystalline with uniform atomic ordering. Here, an alternative, simple, and scalable approach is suggested, where nanocrystallinetwo-dimensional (2D) film on 3D substrates yields twisted-interface-dependent properties. Ultrawide-bandgap hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) thin films are directly grown on high in-plane lattice mismatched wide-bandgap silicon carbide (4H-SiC) substrates to explore the twist-dependent structure-property correlations. Concurrently, nanocrystalline h-BN thin film shows strong non-linear second-harmonic generation and ultra-low cross-plane thermal conductivity at room temperature, which are attributed to the twisted domain edges between van der Waals stacked nanocrystals with random in-plane orientations. First-principles calculations based on time-dependent density functional theory manifest strong even-order optical nonlinearity in twisted h-BN layers. This work unveils that directly deposited 2D nanocrystalline thin film on 3D substrates could provide easily accessible twist-interfaces, therefore enabling a simple and scalable approach to utilize the 2D-twistronics integrated in 3D material devices for next-generation nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Biswas
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Gustavo A Alvarez
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Jin Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Chaussee 149, 22761, Luruper, Germany
| | | | - Anand B Puthirath
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Kory Burns
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Jordan A Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Sathvik Ajay Iyengar
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Tia Gray
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Chenxi Li
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Harikishan Kannan
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jacob Elkins
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Tymofii S Pieshkov
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - A Glen Birdwell
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, MD, 20783, USA
| | - Mahesh R Neupane
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, MD, 20783, USA
| | - Elias J Garratt
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, MD, 20783, USA
| | - Tony G Ivanov
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, MD, 20783, USA
| | - Bradford B Pate
- Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., 20375, USA
| | - Yuji Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Hanyu Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Zhiting Tian
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Angel Rubio
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Chaussee 149, 22761, Luruper, Germany
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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12
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Fu TT, Guo FM, Zhou SS, Qiao Y, Wang XY, Chen JG, Wang J, Yang YJ. Circularly polarized attosecond light generation from OCS molecules irradiated by the combination of linear polarized infrared and orthogonal terahertz fields. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:164312. [PMID: 37902609 DOI: 10.1063/5.0167522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Researching ultrafast dynamics and creating coherent light sources will both benefit significantly from the establishment of polarization control in high-order harmonic generation (HHG). By employing the time-dependent density functional theory method, we investigate HHG of carbonyl sulfide molecules using a combination of a linear polarized infrared (IR) laser and a weaker orthogonal Terahertz (THz) field. Our findings show that by adjusting the amplitude of the THz field, the movement scale of electrons in the THz direction can be tuned, thereby one can control the harmonic intensity in the IR laser direction. This method allows for the creation of near-circularly polarized attosecond pulses. Furthermore, the ellipticity of the attosecond pulse may be changed by modifying the carrier-envelope phase of the IR laser pulse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Fu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy (Jilin University), Changchun 130012, China
| | - Fu-Ming Guo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy (Jilin University), Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shu-Shan Zhou
- School of Physics and Electronic Technology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Yue Qiao
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy (Jilin University), Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy (Jilin University), Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ji-Gen Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cutting Tools, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, 318000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy (Jilin University), Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yu-Jun Yang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy (Jilin University), Changchun 130012, China
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13
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Richter R, Aschebrock T, Schelter I, Kümmel S. Meta-generalized gradient approximations in time dependent generalized Kohn-Sham theory: Importance of the current density correction. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:124117. [PMID: 38127400 DOI: 10.1063/5.0167972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We revisit the use of Meta-Generalized Gradient Approximations (mGGAs) in time-dependent density functional theory, reviewing conceptual questions and solving the generalized Kohn-Sham equations by real-time propagation. After discussing the technical aspects of using mGGAs in combination with pseudopotentials and comparing real-space and basis set results, we focus on investigating the importance of the current-density based gauge invariance correction. For the two modern mGGAs that we investigate in this work, TASK and r2SCAN, we observe that for some systems, the current density correction leads to negligible changes, but for others, it changes excitation energies by up to 40% and more than 0.8 eV. In the cases that we study, the agreement with the reference data is improved by the current density correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rian Richter
- Theoretical Physics IV, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Thilo Aschebrock
- Theoretical Physics IV, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ingo Schelter
- Theoretical Physics IV, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Stephan Kümmel
- Theoretical Physics IV, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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14
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Zhang J, Tancogne-Dejean N, Xian L, Boström EV, Claassen M, Kennes DM, Rubio A. Ultrafast Spin Dynamics and Photoinduced Insulator-to-Metal Transition in α-RuCl 3. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:8712-8718. [PMID: 37695730 PMCID: PMC10540253 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced ultrafast demagnetization is a phenomenon of utmost interest and attracts significant attention because it enables potential applications in ultrafast optoelectronics and spintronics. As a spin-orbit coupling assisted magnetic insulator, α-RuCl3 provides an attractive platform to explore the physics of electronic correlations and unconventional magnetism. Using time-dependent density functional theory, we explore the ultrafast laser-induced dynamics of the electronic and magnetic structures in α-RuCl3. Our study unveils that laser pulses can introduce ultrafast demagnetizations, accompanied by an out-of-equilibrium insulator-to-metal transition in a few tens of femtoseconds. The spin response significantly depends on the laser wavelength and polarization on account of the electron correlations, band renormalizations, and charge redistributions. These findings provide physical insights into the coupling between the electronic and magnetic degrees of freedom in α-RuCl3 and shed light on suppressing the long-range magnetic orders and reaching a proximate spin liquid phase for two-dimensional magnets on an ultrafast time scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Tancogne-Dejean
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lede Xian
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Emil Viñas Boström
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Claassen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Dante M Kennes
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Theorie der Statistischen Physik, RWTH Aachen University and JARA-Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Angel Rubio
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), The Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group, Universidad del País Vasco, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), The Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
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15
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Fu TT, Zhou SS, Chen JG, Wang J, Guo FM, Yang YJ. Minimum structure of high-order harmonic spectrum from molecular multi-orbital effects involving inner-shell orbitals. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:30171-30183. [PMID: 37710565 DOI: 10.1364/oe.495031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The spectral features of high-order harmonic spectra can provide rich information for probing the structure and dynamics of molecules in intense laser fields. We theoretically study the high harmonic spectrum with the laser polarization direction perpendicular to the N2O molecule and find a minimum structure in the plateau region of the harmonic spectrum. Through analyzing the time-dependent survival probability of different electronic orbitals and the time-dependent wave packet evolution, it is found that this minimum position is caused by the harmonic interference of HOMO a, HOMO-1, and HOMO-3 a orbitals. Moreover, this interference minimum is discovered over a wide frequency range of 0.087 a.u. to 0.093 a.u., as well as a range of driving laser intensities with peak amplitudes between 0.056 a.u. and 0.059 a.u.. This study sheds light on the multi-electron effects and ultrafast dynamics of inner-shell electrons in intense laser pulses, which are crucial for understanding and controlling chemical reactions in molecules.
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16
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Neufeld O, Hübener H, Jotzu G, De Giovannini U, Rubio A. Band Nonlinearity-Enabled Manipulation of Dirac Nodes, Weyl Cones, and Valleytronics with Intense Linearly Polarized Light. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:7568-7575. [PMID: 37578460 PMCID: PMC10450813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
We study low-frequency linearly polarized laser-dressing in materials with valley (graphene and hexagonal-Boron-Nitride) and topological (Dirac- and Weyl-semimetals) properties. In Dirac-like linearly dispersing bands, the laser substantially moves the Dirac nodes away from their original position, and the movement direction can be fully controlled by rotating the laser polarization. We prove that this effect originates from band nonlinearities away from the Dirac nodes. We further demonstrate that this physical mechanism is widely applicable and can move the positions of the valley minima in hexagonal materials to tune valley selectivity, split and move Weyl cones in higher-order Weyl semimetals, and merge Dirac nodes in three-dimensional Dirac semimetals. The model results are validated with ab initio calculations. Our results directly affect efforts for exploring light-dressed electronic structure, suggesting that one can benefit from band nonlinearity for tailoring material properties, and highlight the importance of the full band structure in nonlinear optical phenomena in solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofer Neufeld
- Center
for Free-electron Laser Science, Max Planck
Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Hannes Hübener
- Center
for Free-electron Laser Science, Max Planck
Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Gregor Jotzu
- Center
for Free-electron Laser Science, Max Planck
Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Umberto De Giovannini
- Center
for Free-electron Laser Science, Max Planck
Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Dipartimento
di Fisica e Chimica—Emilio Segrè, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo I-90123, Italy
| | - Angel Rubio
- Center
for Free-electron Laser Science, Max Planck
Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Center
for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), The Flatiron Institute, New York, New York 10010, United States
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17
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Vogwell J, Rego L, Smirnova O, Ayuso D. Ultrafast control over chiral sum-frequency generation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadj1429. [PMID: 37595045 PMCID: PMC10438458 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj1429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
We introduce an ultrafast all-optical approach for efficient chiral recognition that relies on the interference between two low-order nonlinear processes that are ubiquitous in nonlinear optics: sum-frequency generation and third-harmonic generation. In contrast to traditional sum-frequency generation, our approach encodes the medium's handedness in the intensity of the emitted harmonic signal, rather than in its phase, and it enables full control over the enantiosensitive response. We show how, by sculpting the sub-optical-cycle oscillations of the driving laser field, we can force one molecular enantiomer to emit bright light while its mirror twin remains dark, thus reaching the ultimate efficiency limit of chiral sensitivity via low-order nonlinear light-matter interactions. Our work paves the way for ultrafast and highly efficient imaging and control of the chiral electronic clouds of chiral molecules using lasers with moderate intensities, in all states of matter: from gases to liquids to solids, with molecular specificity and on ultrafast time scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Vogwell
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, UK
| | - Laura Rego
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, UK
- Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Smirnova
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Str. 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - David Ayuso
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, UK
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Str. 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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18
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Corzo HH, Hillers-Bendtsen AE, Barnes A, Zamani AY, Pawłowski F, Olsen J, Jørgensen P, Mikkelsen KV, Bykov D. Corrigendum: Coupled cluster theory on modern heterogeneous supercomputers. Front Chem 2023; 11:1256510. [PMID: 37654900 PMCID: PMC10466216 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1256510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1154526.].
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Abdulrahman Y. Zamani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Chemical Computation and Theory, University of California, Merced, CA, United States
| | - Filip Pawłowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Jeppe Olsen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Poul Jørgensen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kurt V. Mikkelsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dmytro Bykov
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
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19
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Wang P, Fang F. Ab initio simulations of ultrashort laser pulse interaction with Cl-Si(100): implications for atomic layer etching. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:20871-20879. [PMID: 37522855 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02388e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to the remarkable resistance of SiCl against photo-induced desorption, achieving atomic layer etching (ALE) of Cl-Si(100) through a laser-based method has remained a formidable challenge. In this study, we investigate the interaction between ultrashort laser pulses and the Cl-Si(100) surface via ab initio simulations that combine real-time time-dependent density functional theory and molecular dynamics. Our results demonstrate the direct desorption of the stubborn SiCl layer through the application of appropriate femtosecond laser pulses. Notably, the desorption process is enhanced by pulses with higher laser intensity, shorter wavelength, and longer pulse duration. There is a threshold intensity beyond which the SiCl can be directly desorbed under laser pulses with a wavelength of 488 nm and a pulse duration of 40 ℏ eV-1 (26.3 fs). Analysis of electron localization function reveals a critical bond breaking length of 2.98 Å between Si-Si, connecting SiCl to the bulk material. The time evolution of bond lengths and forces reveals that the desorption of SiCl is primarily driven by repulsive forces generated within the Si-Si bond. Furthermore, electron density difference analysis and Keldysh factor calculations indicate that these repulsive forces arise from multiphoton ionization. This study provides crucial atomic-level insights into the interaction of ultrashort laser pulses with Cl-Si(100), thereby propelling the advancement of laser-induced atomic layer etching techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhi Wang
- Centre of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology (MNMT-Dublin), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Fengzhou Fang
- Centre of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology (MNMT-Dublin), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Laboratory of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology (MNMT), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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20
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Litman Y, Bonafé FP, Akkoush A, Appel H, Rossi M. First-Principles Simulations of Tip Enhanced Raman Scattering Reveal Active Role of Substrate on High-Resolution Images. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:6850-6859. [PMID: 37487223 PMCID: PMC10405274 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) has emerged as a powerful tool to obtain subnanometer spatial resolution fingerprints of atomic motion. Theoretical calculations that can simulate the Raman scattering process and provide an unambiguous interpretation of TERS images often rely on crude approximations of the local electric field. In this work, we present a novel and first-principles-based method to compute TERS images by combining Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) and Density Functional Perturbation Theory (DFPT) to calculate Raman cross sections with realistic local fields. We present TERS results on free-standing benzene and C60 molecules, and on the TCNE molecule adsorbed on Ag(100). We demonstrate that chemical effects on chemisorbed molecules, often ignored in TERS simulations of larger systems, dramatically change the TERS images. This observation calls for the inclusion of chemical effects for predictive theory-experiment comparisons and an understanding of molecular motion at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yair Litman
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- MPI
for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franco P. Bonafé
- MPI
for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alaa Akkoush
- MPI
for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Fritz
Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4−6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heiko Appel
- MPI
for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mariana Rossi
- MPI
for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Fritz
Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4−6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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21
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Dogan M, Liou KH, Chelikowsky JR. Real-space solution to the electronic structure problem for nearly a million electrons. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:244114. [PMID: 37366310 DOI: 10.1063/5.0150864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a Kohn-Sham density functional theory calculation of a system with more than 200 000 atoms and 800 000 electrons using a real-space high-order finite-difference method to investigate the electronic structure of large spherical silicon nanoclusters. Our system of choice was a 20 nm large spherical nanocluster with 202 617 silicon atoms and 13 836 hydrogen atoms used to passivate the dangling surface bonds. To speed up the convergence of the eigenspace, we utilized Chebyshev-filtered subspace iteration, and for sparse matrix-vector multiplications, we used blockwise Hilbert space-filling curves, implemented in the PARSEC code. For this calculation, we also replaced our orthonormalization + Rayleigh-Ritz step with a generalized eigenvalue problem step. We utilized all of the 8192 nodes (458 752 processors) on the Frontera machine at the Texas Advanced Computing Center. We achieved two Chebyshev-filtered subspace iterations, yielding a good approximation of the electronic density of states. Our work pushes the limits on the capabilities of the current electronic structure solvers to nearly 106 electrons and demonstrates the potential of the real-space approach to efficiently parallelize large calculations on modern high-performance computing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Dogan
- Center for Computational Materials, Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Kai-Hsin Liou
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - James R Chelikowsky
- Center for Computational Materials, Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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22
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Guo A, Lu Y, Song Y, Cao Y, Du R, Li J, Fu Z, Yan L, Zhang Z. Plasmon-Mediated Hydrogen Dissociation with Symmetry Tunability. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:5748-5753. [PMID: 37319379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The atomic-scale mechanism of plasmon-mediated H2 dissociation on gold nanoclusters is investigated using time-dependent density functional theory. The position relationship between the nanocluster and H2 has a strong influence on the reaction rate. When the hydrogen molecule is located in the interstitial center of the plasmonic dimer, the hot spot here has a great field enhancement, which can promote dissociation effectively. The change in the molecular position results in symmetry breaking, and the molecular dissociation is inhibited. For the asymmetric structure, direct charge transfer from the gold cluster to the antibonding state of the hydrogen molecule by plasmon decay makes a prominent contribution to the reaction. The results provide deep insights into the influence of structural symmetry on plasmon-assisted photocatalysis in the quantum regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axin Guo
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Yirui Lu
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Yuhui Song
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Yifei Cao
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Ruhai Du
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Jinping Li
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Zhengkun Fu
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Lei Yan
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Zhenglong Zhang
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
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23
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Zheng Z, Shi Y, Zhou JJ, Prezhdo OV, Zheng Q, Zhao J. Ab initio real-time quantum dynamics of charge carriers in momentum space. NATURE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 3:532-541. [PMID: 38177418 DOI: 10.1038/s43588-023-00456-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Application of the non-adiabatic molecular dynamics (NAMD) approach is limited to studying carrier dynamics in the momentum space, as a supercell is required to sample the phonon excitation and electron-phonon (e-ph) interaction at different momenta in a molecular dynamics simulation. Here we develop an ab initio approach for the real-time charge carrier quantum dynamics in the momentum space (NAMD_k) by directly introducing e-ph coupling into the Hamiltonian based on the harmonic approximation. The NAMD_k approach maintains the zero-point energy and includes memory effects of carrier dynamics. The application of NAMD_k to the hot carrier dynamics in graphene reveals the phonon-specific relaxation mechanism. An energy threshold of 0.2 eV-defined by two optical phonon modes-separates the hot electron relaxation into fast and slow regions with lifetimes of pico- and nanoseconds, respectively. The NAMD_k approach provides an effective tool to understand real-time carrier dynamics in the momentum space for different materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfa Zheng
- Department of Physics, ICQD/Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yongliang Shi
- Department of Physics, ICQD/Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- Center for Spintonics and Quantum Systerms, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jin-Jian Zhou
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Departments of Chemistry, Physics, and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qijing Zheng
- Department of Physics, ICQD/Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Physics, ICQD/Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
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24
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Wu Z, Shang H, Wu Y, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Ouyang Y, Cui H, Feng X. OpenCL-accelerated first-principles calculations of all-electron quantum perturbations on HPC resources. Front Chem 2023; 11:1156891. [PMID: 37304683 PMCID: PMC10250621 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1156891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We have proposed, for the first time, an OpenCL implementation for the all-electron density-functional perturbation theory (DFPT) calculations in FHI-aims, which can effectively compute all its time-consuming simulation stages, i.e., the real-space integration of the response density, the Poisson solver for the calculation of the electrostatic potential, and the response Hamiltonian matrix, by utilizing various heterogeneous accelerators. Furthermore, to fully exploit the massively parallel computing capabilities, we have performed a series of general-purpose graphics processing unit (GPGPU)-targeted optimizations that significantly improved the execution efficiency by reducing register requirements, branch divergence, and memory transactions. Evaluations on the Sugon supercomputer have shown that notable speedups can be achieved across various materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ying Liu
- *Correspondence: Honghui Shang, ; Ying Liu,
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25
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Reza Madhani A, Irani E, Monfared M. Generation of the isolated highly elliptically polarized attosecond pulse using the polarization gating technique: TDDFT approach. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:18430-18443. [PMID: 37381554 DOI: 10.1364/oe.488842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
This paper theoretically investigates the generation of isolated elliptically polarized attosecond pulses with a tunable ellipticity from the interaction of Cl2 molecule and a polarization-gating laser pulse. A three-dimensional calculation based on the time-dependent density functional theory is done. Two different methods are proposed for generating elliptically polarized single attosecond pulses. The first method is based on applying a single-color polarization gating laser and controlling the orientation angle of the Cl2 molecule with respect to the polarization direction of the laser at the gate window. An attosecond pulse with an ellipticity of 0.66 and a pulse duration of 275 as is achieved by tuning the molecule orientation angle to 40° in this method and superposing harmonics around the harmonic cutoff. The second method is based on irradiating an aligned Cl2 molecule with a two-color polarization gating laser. The ellipticity of the attosecond pulses obtained by this method can be controlled by adjusting the intensity ratio of the two colors. Employing an optimized intensity ratio and superposing harmonics around the harmonic cutoff would lead to the generation of an isolated, highly elliptically polarized attosecond pulse with an ellipticity of 0.92 and a pulse duration of 648 as.
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26
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Mérgola-Greef J, Milne BF. First-principles study of electronic and optical properties in 1-dimensional oligomeric derivatives of telomestatin. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:12744-12753. [PMID: 37114806 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01140b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Real-space self-interaction corrected (time-dependent) density functional theory has been used to investigate the ground-state electronic structure and optical absorption profiles of a series of linear oligomers inspired by the natural product telomestatin. Length-dependent development of plasmonic excitations in the UV region is seen in the neutral species which is augmented by polaron-type absorption with tunable wavelengths in the IR when the chains are doped with an additional electron/hole. Combined with a lack of absorption in the visible region this suggests these oligomers as good candidates for applications such as transparent antennae in dye-sensitised solar energy collection materials. Due to strong longitudinal polarisation in their absorption spectra, these compounds are also indicated for use in nano-structured devices displaying orientation-sensitive optical responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Mérgola-Greef
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Building, Meston Walk, AB24 3UE, Old Aberdeen, UK.
| | - Bruce F Milne
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Building, Meston Walk, AB24 3UE, Old Aberdeen, UK.
- CFisUC, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
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27
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Woo J, Kim S, Kim WY. Gaussian-Approximated Poisson Preconditioner for Iterative Diagonalization in Real-Space Density Functional Theory. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:3883-3893. [PMID: 37094552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c09111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Various real-space methods optimized on massive parallel computers have been developed for efficient large-scale density functional theory (DFT) calculations of materials and biomolecules. The iterative diagonalization of the Hamiltonian matrix is a computational bottleneck in real-space DFT calculations. Despite the development of various iterative eigensolvers, the absence of efficient real-space preconditioners has hindered their overall efficiency. An efficient preconditioner must satisfy two conditions: appropriate acceleration of the convergence of the iterative process and inexpensive computation. This study proposed a Gaussian-approximated Poisson preconditioner (GAPP) that satisfied both conditions and was suitable for real-space methods. A low computational cost was realized through the Gaussian approximation of a Poisson Green's function. Fast convergence was achieved through the proper determination of Gaussian coefficients to fit the Coulomb energies. The performance of GAPP was evaluated for several molecular and extended systems, and it showed the highest efficiency among the existing preconditioners adopted in real-space codes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeheon Woo
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Youn Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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28
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Vanzan M, Gil G, Castaldo D, Nordlander P, Corni S. Energy Transfer to Molecular Adsorbates by Transient Hot Electron Spillover. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:2719-2725. [PMID: 37010208 PMCID: PMC10103299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Hot electron (HE) photocatalysis is one of the most intriguing fields of nanoscience, with a clear potential for technological impact. Despite much effort, the mechanisms of HE photocatalysis are not fully understood. Here we investigate a mechanism based on transient electron spillover on a molecule and subsequent energy release into vibrational modes. We use state-of-the-art real-time Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (rt-TDDFT), simulating the dynamics of a HE moving within linear chains of Ag or Au atoms, on which CO, N2, or H2O are adsorbed. We estimate the energy a HE can release into adsorbate vibrational modes and show that certain modes are selectively activated. The energy transfer strongly depends on the adsorbate, the metal, and the HE energy. Considering a cumulative effect from multiple HEs, we estimate this mechanism can transfer tenths of an eV to molecular vibrations and could play an important role in HE photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Vanzan
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Department
of Physics, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriel Gil
- Instituto
de Cibernetica, Matematica y Física, Calle E esq 15 Vedado, 10400 La Habana, Cuba
| | - Davide Castaldo
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Peter Nordlander
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Stefano Corni
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
- CNR
Institute of Nanoscience, via Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
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29
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de Faria JC, Santiago J, Francis Z, Bernal MA. Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory for Determining the Electron-Capture Cross Section for Protons Impacting on Atoms and Molecules. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:2453-2459. [PMID: 36917468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c08213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The use of the Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory (TDDFT) has increased in the atomic collision field. Calculating the electron-capture cross section (ECCS) for protons is an important question in hadrontherapy and plasma physics, among other areas. In previous studies, it was shown that the approach based on the Local Density Approximation (LDA) fails in the 1-50 keV region, requiring the use of the Optimized Effective Potential (OEP) method. In this work, the ECCS values for 1-50 keV protons impacting on isolated hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and nitrogenous atoms were determined using the TDDFT. It is shown that adding the Self Interaction Correction to the LDA (LDA-Sic) allows obtaining results close to those provided by the OEP and experiments, with the advantage that the LDA-Sic consumes less computational time. In addition, it was demonstrated that it is imperative to include the spin correction for the specific helium and oxygen cases, in order to get good results for the ECCS using the TDDFT. Theoretical results obtained in this work show excellent agreement with experimental values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhaison C de Faria
- Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-859, SP, Brazil
| | - João Santiago
- Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-859, SP, Brazil
| | - Ziad Francis
- Faculty of Sciences, Campus of Science and Technologies, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, 22411 Mansourieh, Lebanon
| | - Mario A Bernal
- Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-859, SP, Brazil
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30
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Chen J, Cheng XL, Zhang H. Real-time dynamic simulation of laser-induced N 2 dissociation on two-dimensional graphene sheets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:8836-8842. [PMID: 36916315 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05359d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to its relatively high inertness, nitrogen dissociation at ambient temperature and pressure has always been a challenging task. Plasmon driven photocatalysis has proved to be an effective method. Owing to their unique physical, chemical, and electronic properties, two-dimensional planar materials have become the most promising candidates to replace noble metal catalytic nitrogen reduction. In this study, real-time dynamics of N2 dissociation on graphene sheets under femtosecond laser irradiation was studied by using time-dependent density functional theory. We confirm that electrons generated by plasmon excitation of graphene transfer to the N2 molecular antibonding orbital and activate the N-N bond. The threshold of laser intensity of N2 dissociation can be effectively reduced by mixing CO molecules. This work provides basic insights for understanding the plasmon induced N2 activation process at the atomic scale and proves that graphene can be used as one of the candidate materials for N2 reduction photocatalysts with excellent performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuhuan Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xin-Lu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of High Energy Density Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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31
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Gerez S GA, Di Remigio Eikås R, Jensen SR, Bjørgve M, Frediani L. Cavity-Free Continuum Solvation: Implementation and Parametrization in a Multiwavelet Framework. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:1986-1997. [PMID: 36933225 PMCID: PMC10100532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c01098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
We present a multiwavelet-based implementation of a quantum/classical polarizable continuum model. The solvent model uses a diffuse solute-solvent boundary and a position-dependent permittivity, lifting the sharp-boundary assumption underlying many existing continuum solvation models. We are able to include both surface and volume polarization effects in the quantum/classical coupling, with guaranteed precision, due to the adaptive refinement strategies of our multiwavelet implementation. The model can account for complex solvent environments and does not need a posteriori corrections for volume polarization effects. We validate our results against a sharp-boundary continuum model and find a very good correlation of the polarization energies computed for the Minnesota solvation database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel A Gerez S
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Stig Rune Jensen
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Magnar Bjørgve
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Luca Frediani
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
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32
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Woo J, Kim S, Kim WY. Dynamic Precision Approach for Accelerating Large-Scale Eigenvalue Solvers in Electronic Structure Calculations on Graphics Processing Units. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:1457-1465. [PMID: 36812094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Single precision (SP) arithmetic can be greatly accelerated as compared to double precision (DP) arithmetic on graphics processing units (GPUs). However, the use of SP in the whole process of electronic structure calculations is inappropriate for the required accuracy. We propose a 3-fold dynamic precision approach for accelerated calculations but still with the accuracy of DP. Here, SP, DP, and mixed precision are dynamically switched during an iterative diagonalization process. We applied this approach to the locally optimal block preconditioned conjugate gradient method to accelerate a large-scale eigenvalue solver for the Kohn-Sham equation. We determined a proper threshold for switching each precision scheme by examining the convergence pattern on the eigenvalue solver only with the kinetic energy operator of the Kohn-Sham Hamiltonian. As a result, we achieved up to 8.53× and 6.60× speedups for band structure and self-consistent field calculations, respectively, for test systems under various boundary conditions on NVIDIA GPUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeheon Woo
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Youn Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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33
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Jin WQ, Mao F, Li SM, Zuo WQ, Chen RD, Xiong GG, Mao H, Wang F, Zhang FS. The contribution of inner electron excitation to the electronic stopping power of palladium for protons. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:9043-9050. [PMID: 36883618 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05510d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
The electronic stopping power of palladium (Pd) for protons is investigated based on time-dependent density functional theory combined with Ehrenfest molecular dynamics simulations. The electronic stopping power of Pd with explicitly considering inner electrons for protons is calculated and the excitation mechanism for the inner electrons of Pd is revealed. The velocity proportionality of the low-energy stopping power of Pd is reproduced. Our study verified that the inner electron excitation contributes significantly to the electronic stopping power of Pd in the high energy range, which is strongly dependent on the impact parameter. The electronic stopping power obtained from the off-channeling geometry is in quantitative agreement with the experimental data in a wide velocity range, and the discrepancy around the stopping maximum is further reduced by considering the relativistic correction on the binding energy of inner electrons. The velocity dependence of the mean steady-state charge of protons is quantified, and the results showed that the participation of 4p-electrons reduces the mean steady-state charge of protons, and consequently decreases the electronic stopping power of Pd in the low energy range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Jin
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Fei Mao
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Shi-Ming Li
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Wen-Qi Zuo
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Rui-Da Chen
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Ge-Ge Xiong
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Hong Mao
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Feng Wang
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Feng-Shou Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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34
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Peng Y, Wu T, Yuan G, Chi L, Jiang S, Dorfman K, Yu C, Lu R. Solid state-like high harmonic generation from cluster molecules with rotational periodicities. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd6810. [PMID: 36800426 PMCID: PMC9937566 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add6810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
High harmonic generation (HHG) from solid-state crystals in strong laser fields has been understood by the band structure of the solids, which is based on the periodic boundary condition (PBC) due to translational invariance. For the systems with PBC due to rotational invariance, an analogous Bloch theorem can be applied. Considering a ring-type cluster of cyclo[18]carbon as an example, we develop a quasi-band model and predict the solid state-like HHG in this system. Under the irradiation of linearly polarized laser field, cyclo[18]carbon exhibits solid state-like HHG originated from intraband oscillations and interband transitions, which, in turn, is promising to optically detect the symmetry and geometry of molecular or material structures. Our results based on the Liouville-von Neumann equations are well reproduced by the time-dependent density functional theory calculations and are foundational in providing a connection linking the HHG physics of gases and solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yigeng Peng
- Institute of Ultrafast Optical Physics, Department of Applied Physics, and MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Institute of Ultrafast Optical Physics, Department of Applied Physics, and MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Guanglu Yuan
- Institute of Ultrafast Optical Physics, Department of Applied Physics, and MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Lihan Chi
- Institute of Ultrafast Optical Physics, Department of Applied Physics, and MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Shicheng Jiang
- Institute of Ultrafast Optical Physics, Department of Applied Physics, and MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Konstantin Dorfman
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Center for Theoretical Physics and School of Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
- Himalayan Institute for Advanced Study, Unit of Gopinath Seva Foundation, MIG 38, Avas Vikas, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand 249201, India
| | - Chao Yu
- Institute of Ultrafast Optical Physics, Department of Applied Physics, and MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Ruifeng Lu
- Institute of Ultrafast Optical Physics, Department of Applied Physics, and MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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35
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Sharma S, White AF, Beylkin G. Fast Exchange with Gaussian Basis Set Using Robust Pseudospectral Method. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:7306-7320. [PMID: 36417710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we present an algorithm to efficiently evaluate the exchange matrix in periodic systems when a Gaussian basis set with pseudopotentials is used. The usual algorithm for evaluating exchange matrix scales cubically with the system size because one has to perform O(N2) fast Fourier transform (FFT). Here, we introduce an algorithm that retains the cubic scaling but reduces the prefactor significantly by eliminating the need to do FFTs during each exchange build. This is accomplished by representing the products of Gaussian basis function using a linear combination of an auxiliary basis the number of which scales linearly with the size of the system. We store the potential due to these auxiliary functions in memory, which allows us to obtain the exchange matrix without the need to do FFT, albeit at the cost of additional memory requirement. Although the basic idea of using auxiliary functions is not new, our algorithm is cheaper due to a combination of three ingredients: (a) we use a robust pseudospectral method that allows us to use a relatively small number of auxiliary basis to obtain high accuracy; (b) we use occ-RI exchange, which eliminates the need to construct the full exchange matrix; and (c) we use the (interpolative separable density fitting) ISDF algorithm to construct these auxiliary basis sets that are used in the robust pseudospectral method. The resulting algorithm is accurate, and we note that the error in the final energy decreases exponentially rapidly with the number of auxiliary functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado80309, United States
| | - Alec F White
- Quantum Simulation Technologies, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts02135, United States
| | - Gregory Beylkin
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado80309, United States
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36
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Tuthill DR, Scarborough TD, Gorman TT, Hamer KA, Jones RR, Gaarde MB, Lopata K, Mauger F, Schafer KJ, DiMauro LF. Investigation of Interferences in Carbon Dioxide through Multidimensional Molecular-Frame High-Harmonic Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:8588-8595. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Tuthill
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
| | | | - Timothy T. Gorman
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
| | - Kyle A. Hamer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana70803, United States
| | - Robert R. Jones
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia22904, United States
| | - Mette B. Gaarde
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana70803, United States
| | - Kenneth Lopata
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana70803, United States
| | - François Mauger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana70803, United States
| | - Kenneth J. Schafer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana70803, United States
| | - Louis F. DiMauro
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
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37
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de Faria JC, Paupitz R, van Duin ACT, Bernal MA. Evaluation of the Reax Force-Field for Studying the Collision of an Energetic Proton with the DNA. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:6463-6471. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jhaison C. de Faria
- Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-859, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Paupitz
- Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas de Rio Claro, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Rio Claro 13506-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Adri C. T. van Duin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Engineering Science and Mechanics, Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Mario A. Bernal
- Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-859, SP, Brazil
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38
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Trepl T, Schelter I, Kümmel S. Analyzing Excitation-Energy Transfer Based on the Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory in Real Time. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:6577-6587. [PMID: 36268773 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Excitation-energy transfer is a key step in processes such as photosynthesis that convert light into other forms of energy. Time-dependent density functional theory (DFT) in real time is ideal for the first-principles simulation of such processes due to its computational efficiency. We here demonstrate how real-time DFT can be used for analyzing excitation-energy transfer from first-principles. We discuss several measures of energy transfer that are based solely on the time-dependent density, are well founded in the DFT framework, allow for intuitive understanding and visualization, and reproduce important limiting cases of an analytical model. We demonstrate their usefulness in calculations for model systems, both with static nuclei and in the context of DFT-based Ehrenfest dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Trepl
- Theoretical Physics IV, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth95440, Germany
| | - I Schelter
- Theoretical Physics IV, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth95440, Germany
| | - S Kümmel
- Theoretical Physics IV, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth95440, Germany
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39
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Flick J. Simple Exchange-Correlation Energy Functionals for Strongly Coupled Light-Matter Systems Based on the Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:143201. [PMID: 36240406 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.143201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Recent experimental advances in strongly coupled light-matter systems have sparked the development of general ab initio methods capable of describing interacting light-matter systems from first principles. One of these methods, quantum-electrodynamical density-functional theory (QEDFT), promises computationally efficient calculations for large correlated light-matter systems with the quality of the calculation depending on the underlying approximation for the exchange-correlation functional. So far no true density-functional approximation has been introduced limiting the efficient application of the theory. In this Letter, we introduce the first gradient-based density functional for the QEDFT exchange-correlation energy derived from the adiabatic-connection fluctuation-dissipation theorem. We benchmark this simple-to-implement approximation on small systems in optical cavities and demonstrate its relatively low computational costs for fullerene molecules up to C_{180} coupled to 400 000 photon modes in a dissipative optical cavity. This Letter now makes first principle calculations of much larger systems possible within the QEDFT framework effectively combining quantum optics with large-scale electronic structure theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Flick
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, New York 10010, USA
- Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
- Department of Physics, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, USA
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40
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Woo J, Kim H, Kim WY. Neural network-based pseudopotential: development of a transferable local pseudopotential. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:20094-20103. [PMID: 35979874 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01810a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transferable local pseudopotentials (LPPs) are essential for fast quantum simulations of materials. However, various types of LPPs suffer from low transferability, especially since they do not consider the norm-conserving condition. Here we propose a novel approach based on a deep neural network to produce transferable LPPs. We introduced a generalized Kerker method expressed with the deep neural network to represent the norm-conserving pseudo-wavefunctions. Its unique feature is that all necessary conditions of pseudopotentials can be explicitly considered in terms of a loss function. Then, it can be minimized using the back-propagation technique just with single point all-electron atom data. To assess the transferability and accuracy of the neural network-based LPPs (NNLPs), we carried out density functional theory calculations for the s- and p-block elements of the second to the fourth periods. The NNLPs outperformed other types of LPPs in both atomic and bulk calculations for most elements. In particular, they showed good transferability by predicting various properties of bulk systems including binary alloys with higher accuracy than LPPs tailored to bulk data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeheon Woo
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeonsu Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo Youn Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Application of two-component neural network for exchange-correlation functional interpolation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14133. [PMID: 35986067 PMCID: PMC9391383 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18083-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) is one of the primary approaches to solving the many-body Schrodinger equation. The essential part of the DFT theory is the exchange-correlation (XC) functional, which can not be obtained in analytical form. Accordingly, the accuracy improvement of the DFT is mainly based on the development of XC functional approximations. Commonly, they are built upon analytic solutions in low- and high-density limits and result from quantum Monte Carlo or post-Hartree-Fock numerical calculations. However, there is no universal functional form to incorporate these data into XC functional. Instead, various parameterizations use heuristic rules to build a specific XC functional. The neural network (NN) approach to interpolate the data from higher precision theories can give a unified path to parametrize an XC functional. Moreover, data from many existing quantum chemical databases could provide the XC functional with improved accuracy. We develop NN XC functional, which gives exchange potential and energy density without direct derivatives of exchange-correlation energy density. Proposed NN architecture consists of two parts NN-E and NN-V, which could be trained in separate ways, adding new flexibility to XC functional. We also show that the developed NN XC functional converges in the self-consistent cycle and gives reasonable energies when applied to atoms, molecules, and crystals.
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Probing phonon dynamics with multidimensional high harmonic carrier-envelope-phase spectroscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2204219119. [PMID: 35704757 PMCID: PMC9231615 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204219119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
High harmonic generation (HHG) has recently been established as a powerful method for probing ultrafast electron dynamics in solids. However, it remains unknown if HHG can be similarly applied for probing lattice distortions such as phonons. Specifically, it is unclear if the extreme nonlinearity of HHG can contribute to enhanced temporal resolution or sensitivity for probing lattice dynamics (compared to other, perturbative, methods). Here, we theoretically explore HHG in solids with active phonons. We present a pump-probe and multidimensional spectroscopy approach that relies on carrier-envelope-phase-sensitivity, in which HHG is highly sensitive for phonon dynamics. Strikingly, the predicted temporal resolution is ∼1 femtosecond, much below the probe pulse duration, owing to the subcycle nature of the approach. We explore pump-probe high harmonic generation (HHG) from monolayer hexagonal-boron-nitride, where a terahertz pump excites coherent optical phonons that are subsequently probed by an intense infrared pulse that drives HHG. We find, through state-of-the-art ab initio calculations, that the structure of the emission spectrum is attenuated by the presence of coherent phonons and no longer comprises discrete harmonic orders, but rather a continuous emission in the plateau region. The HHG yield strongly oscillates as a function of the pump-probe delay, corresponding to ultrafast changes in the lattice such as specific bond compression or stretching dynamics. We further show that in the regime where the excited phonon period and the pulse duration are of the same order of magnitude, the HHG process becomes sensitive to the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of the driving field, even though the pulse duration is so long that no such sensitivity is observed in the absence of coherent phonons. The degree of CEP sensitivity versus pump-probe delay is shown to be a highly selective measure for instantaneous structural changes in the lattice, providing an approach for ultrafast multidimensional HHG spectroscopy. Remarkably, the obtained temporal resolution for phonon dynamics is ∼1 femtosecond, which is much shorter than the probe pulse duration because of the inherent subcycle contrast mechanism. Our work paves the way toward routes of probing phonons and ultrafast material structural changes with subcycle temporal resolution and provides a mechanism for controlling the HHG spectrum.
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Neufeld O, Nourbakhsh Z, Tancogne-Dejean N, Rubio A. Ab Initio Cluster Approach for High Harmonic Generation in Liquids. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:4117-4126. [PMID: 35699241 PMCID: PMC9281394 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High harmonic generation (HHG) takes place in all phases of matter. In gaseous atomic and molecular media, it has been extensively studied and is very well understood. In solids, research is ongoing, but a consensus is forming for the dominant microscopic HHG mechanisms. In liquids, on the other hand, no established theory yet exists, and approaches developed for gases and solids are generally inapplicable, hindering our current understanding. We develop here a powerful and reliable ab initio cluster-based approach for describing the nonlinear interactions between isotropic bulk liquids and intense laser pulses. The scheme is based on time-dependent density functional theory and utilizes several approximations that make it feasible yet accurate in realistic systems. We demonstrate our approach with HHG calculations in water, ammonia, and methane liquids and compare the characteristic response of polar and nonpolar liquids. We identify unique features in the HHG spectra of liquid methane that could be utilized for ultrafast spectroscopy of its chemical and physical properties, including a structural minimum at 15-17 eV that is associated solely with the liquid phase. Our results pave the way to accessible calculations of HHG in liquids and illustrate the unique nonlinear nature of liquid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofer Neufeld
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Zahra Nourbakhsh
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Nicolas Tancogne-Dejean
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Angel Rubio
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany.,Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), The Flatiron Institute, New York, New York 10010, United States
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Ayuso D. New opportunities for ultrafast and highly enantio-sensitive imaging of chiral nuclear dynamics enabled by synthetic chiral light. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:10193-10200. [PMID: 35420074 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05427a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic chiral light [D. Ayuso et al., Nat. Photon., 2019, 13, 866-871] has opened up new opportunities for ultrafast and highly efficient imaging and control of chiral matter. Here we show that the giant enantio-sensitivity enabled by such light could be exploited to probe chiral nuclear rearrangements during chemical reactions in a highly enantio-sensitive manner. Using a state-of-the-art implementation of real-time time-dependent density functional theory, we explore how the nonlinear response of the prototypical chiral molecule H2O2 changes as a function of its dihedral angle, which defines its handedness. The macroscopic intensity emitted from randomly oriented molecules at even harmonic frequencies (of the fundamental) depends strongly on this nuclear coordinate. Because of the ultrafast nature of such nonlinear interactions, the direct mapping between the dissymmetry factor and the nuclear geometry provides a way to probe chiral nuclear dynamics at their natural time scales. Our work paves the way for ultrafast and highly efficient imaging of enantio-sensitive dynamics in more complex chiral systems, including biologically relevant molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ayuso
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, UK. .,Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Str. 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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Duverger E, Herlem G, Picaud F. Nanovectorization of Ivermectin to avoid overdose of drugs. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022:1-14. [PMID: 35470771 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2066020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Ivermectin is an antiparasitic drug that results in the death of the targeted parasites using several mechanical actions. While very well supported, it can induce in rare cases, adverse effects including coma and respiratory failure in case of overdose. This problem should be solved especially in an emergency situation. For instance, the first pandemic of the 21th century was officially declared in early 2020, and while several vaccines around the worlds have been used, an effective treatment against this new strain of coronavirus, better known as SARS-CoV-2, should also be considered, especially given the massive appearance of variants. From all the tested therapies, Ivermectin showed a potential reduction of the viral portability, but sparked significant debate around the dose needed to achieve these positive results. To answer this general question, we propose, using simulations, to show that the nanovectorization of Ivermectin on BN oxide nanosheets can increase the transfer of the drug to its target and thus decrease the quantity of drug necessary to cope with the disease. This first application could help science to develop such nanocargo to avoid adverse effects.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Duverger
- FEMTO-ST Institute, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS, Besanco̧n, Cedex, France
| | - Guillaume Herlem
- Nanomedicine Lab EA4662, Bat. E, Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, UFR Sciences & Techniques, Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Fabien Picaud
- Nanomedicine Lab EA4662, Bat. E, Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, UFR Sciences & Techniques, Besançon Cedex, France
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Gedeon J, Schmidt J, Hodgson MJP, Wetherell J, Benavides-Riveros CL, Marques MAL. Machine learning the derivative discontinuity of density-functional theory. MACHINE LEARNING: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-2153/ac3149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Machine learning is a powerful tool to design accurate, highly non-local, exchange-correlation functionals for density functional theory. So far, most of those machine learned functionals are trained for systems with an integer number of particles. As such, they are unable to reproduce some crucial and fundamental aspects, such as the explicit dependency of the functionals on the particle number or the infamous derivative discontinuity at integer particle numbers. Here we propose a solution to these problems by training a neural network as the universal functional of density-functional theory that (a) depends explicitly on the number of particles with a piece-wise linearity between the integer numbers and (b) reproduces the derivative discontinuity of the exchange-correlation energy. This is achieved by using an ensemble formalism, a training set containing fractional densities, and an explicitly discontinuous formulation.
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47
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Ghosal A, Roy AK. A real-time TDDFT scheme for strong-field interaction in Cartesian coordinate grid. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Neufeld O, Wengrowicz O, Peleg O, Rubio A, Cohen O. Detecting multiple chiral centers in chiral molecules with high harmonic generation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:3729-3740. [PMID: 35209625 DOI: 10.1364/oe.445743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Characterizing chiral is highly important for applications in the pharmaceutical industry, as well as in the study of dynamical chemical and biological systems. However, this task has remained challenging, especially due to the ongoing increasing complexity and size of the molecular structure of drugs and active compounds. In particular, large molecules with many active chiral centers are today ubiquitous, but remain difficult to structurally analyze due to their high number of stereoisomers. Here we theoretically explore the sensitivity of high harmonic generation (HHG) to the chiral of molecules with a varying number of active chiral centers. We find that HHG driven by bi-chromatic non-collinear lasers is a sensitive probe for the stereo-configuration of a chiral molecule. We first show through calculations (from benchmark chiral molecules with up to three chiral centers) that the HHG spectrum is imprinted with information about the handedness of each chiral center in the driven molecule. Next, we show that using both classical- and deep-learning-based reconstruction algorithms, the composition of an unknown mixture of stereoisomers can be reconstructed with high fidelity by a single-shot HHG measurement. Our work illustrates how the combination of non-linear optics and machine learning might open routes for ultra-sensitive sensing in chiral systems.
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Kong XS, Liang H, Wu XY, Geng L, Yu WD, Peng LY. Manipulation of the high-order harmonic generation in monolayer hexagonal boron nitride by two-color laser field. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:074701. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0076821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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50
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Zhang Y, Yan L, Guan M, Chen D, Xu Z, Guo H, Hu S, Zhang S, Liu X, Guo Z, Li S, Meng S. Indirect to Direct Charge Transfer Transition in Plasmon-Enabled CO 2 Photoreduction. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2102978. [PMID: 34766740 PMCID: PMC8805563 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Understanding hot carrier dynamics between plasmonic nanomaterials and its adsorbate is of great importance for plasmon-enhanced photoelectronic processes such as photocatalysis, optical sensing and spectroscopic analysis. However, it is often challenging to identify specific dominant mechanisms for a given process because of the complex pathways and ultrafast interactive dynamics of the photoelectrons. Here, using CO2 reduction as an example, the underlying mechanisms of plasmon-driven catalysis at the single-molecule level using time-dependent density functional theory calculations is clearly probed. The CO2 molecule adsorbed on two typical nanoclusters, Ag20 and Ag147 , is photoreduced by optically excited plasmon, accompanied by the excitation of asymmetric stretching and bending modes of CO2 . A nonlinear relationship has been identified between laser intensity and reaction rate, demonstrating a synergic interplay and transition from indirect hot-electron transfer to direct charge transfer, enacted by strong localized surface plasmons. These findings offer new insights for CO2 photoreduction and for the design of effective pathways toward highly efficient plasmon-mediated photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material PhysicsMinistry of EducationSchool of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Lei Yan
- School of Physics and Information TechnologyShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119P. R. China
| | - Mengxue Guan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Daqiang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Zhe Xu
- Key Laboratory of Material PhysicsMinistry of EducationSchool of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Haizhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Material PhysicsMinistry of EducationSchool of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Shengjie Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Xinbao Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Zhengxiao Guo
- Departments of Chemistry and Mechanical EngineeringThe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077P. R. China
- HKU Zhejiang Institute of Research and InnovationThe University of Hong KongHangzhou311305P. R. China
| | - Shunfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Material PhysicsMinistry of EducationSchool of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
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