1
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Sturm F, Herok C, Fischer I. Non-Radiative Deactivation in Isolated Quinoline. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:8421-8427. [PMID: 39303210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c04208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
The photophysics of the S2 1(ππ*) state of the polycyclic aromatic nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon (PANH) quinoline is investigated in a free jet using a picosecond laser system. A [1 + 1] multiphoton ionization spectrum yields the S2 origin at around 32 200 cm-1 and reveals several vibronic bands. In time-resolved experiments, quinoline is then excited between 312.2 and 279.7 nm. Probe wavelengths of 351 and 263.5 nm are employed. The dynamics is monitored by time-resolved photoelectron imaging. The images reveal a short-lived band at high electron kinetic energies with a ps lifetime and a band at lower electron kinetic energies that shows an offset at long delay times. In comparison with previous work, the offset is assigned to ionization from the T1 state. Lifetimes decrease from 45 ps at the S2 origin to 11 ps at +3550 cm-1. Most likely, the S2 1(ππ*) state deactivates by internal conversion to the S1 1(nπ*) state, followed by intersystem crossing to the triplet manifold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriane Sturm
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Herok
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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2
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Carlo MJ, Nanney ALM, Patrick AL. Energy-Resolved In-Source Collison-Induced Dissociation for Isomer Discrimination. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2024. [PMID: 39016059 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.4c00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
While mass spectrometry remains a gold-standard tool for analyte detection, characterization, and quantitation, isomer differentiation is often a challenge. Tandem mass spectrometry is a common approach to increase the selectivity of mass spectrometry and energy-resolved measurements can provide further improvements. However, not all mass spectrometers, especially those that are very compact and affordable, are amenable to such experiments. For instance, single-stage mass spectrometers with soft ionization provide no dissociation information and quadrupole ion trap instruments with resonant excitation do not necessarily provide as informative of energy-resolved curves, for instance when extensive sequential dissociation is responsible for much of the "fingerprint". In-source collision-induced dissociation (IS-CID) is one approach to overcoming these barriers to exploit the analytical selectivity of energy-resolved CID without the need for additional instrumentation; this approach could broaden the reach of these selectivity gains to additional user bases (e.g., educational settings, field portable devices). Here, we specifically investigate energy-resolved IS-CID with the goal of (1) comparing between energy-resolved appearance curves measured with true tandem mass spectrometry on a quadrupole time-of-flight instrument and those obtained using IS-CID, (2) evaluating the approach as a means of differentiating isomers/isobar sets, especially those with similar dissociation patterns, and (3) exploring additional analytical considerations relevant to method development and implementation. This proof-of-concept work establishes the analytical potential of this approach, opening doors for future method development for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Carlo
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Andie L M Nanney
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Amanda L Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
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3
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Joshi PR, Tsuge M, Tseng CY, Lee YP. Infrared spectra of isoquinolinium (iso-C 9H 7NH +) and isoquinolinyl radicals (iso-C 9H 7NH and 1-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7- and 8-iso-HC 9H 7N) isolated in solid para-hydrogen. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:11934-11950. [PMID: 36916330 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00246b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Protonated polycyclic aromatic nitrogen heterocycles (H+PANH) are prospective candidates that may contribute to interstellar unidentified infrared (UIR) emission bands because protonation enhances the relative intensities of the bands near 6.2, 7.7 and 8.6 μm, and the presence of the N atom induces a blue shift of the ring-stretching modes so that the spectra of H+PANH match better with the 6.2 μm feature in class-A UIR spectra. We report the infrared (IR) spectra of protonated isoquinoline (the 2-isoquinolinium cation, iso-C9H7NH+), its neutral counterpart (the 2-isoquinolinyl radical, iso-C9H7NH), and another mono-hydrogenated product (the 6-isoquinolinyl radical, 6-iso-HC9H7N), produced on the electron-bombardment of a mixture of isoquinoline (iso-C9H7N) with excess para-hydrogen (p-H2) during matrix deposition at 3.2 K. To generate additional isomers of hydrogenated isoquinoline, we irradiated iso-C9H7N/Cl2/p-H2 matrices at 365 nm to generate Cl atoms, followed by IR irradiation to generate H atoms via Cl + H2 (v = 1) → HCl + H; the H atoms thus generated reacted with iso-C9H7N. In addition to iso-C9H7NH and 6-iso-HC9H7N observed in the electron-bombardment experiments, we identified six additional hydrogenated isoquinoline species, 1-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 7- and 8-iso-HC9H7N, via their IR spectra; hydrogenation on the N atom and all available carbon atoms except for the two sharing carbon atoms on the fused ring was observed. Spectral groupings were achieved according to their behaviors after maintenance of the matrix in darkness and on secondary photolysis at various wavelengths. The assignments were supported via comparison of the experimental results with the vibrational wavenumbers and IR intensities of possible isomers predicted using the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) method. The implications in the identification of the UIR band are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad Ramesh Joshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan.
| | - Masashi Tsuge
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan.
| | - Chih-Yu Tseng
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Pern Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan. .,Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan.
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4
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Tureček F. UV-vis spectroscopy of gas-phase ions. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:206-226. [PMID: 34392556 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photodissociation action spectroscopy has made a great progress in expanding investigations of gas-phase ion structures. This review deals with aspects of gas-phase ion electronic excitations that result in wavelength-dependent dissociation and light emission via fluorescence, chiefly covering the ultraviolet and visible regions of the spectrum. The principles are briefly outlined and a few examples of instrumentation are presented. The main thrust of the review is to collect and selectively present applications of UV-vis action spectroscopy to studies of stable gas-phase ion structures and combinations of spectroscopy with ion mobility, collision-induced dissociation, and ion-ion reactions leading to the generation of reactive intermediates and electronic energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Tureček
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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5
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Tseng CY, Wu YJ, Lee YP. Infrared Spectra of 1-Quinolinium (C 9H 7NH +) Cation and Quinolinyl Radicals (C 9H 7NH and 3-, 4-, 7-, and 8-HC 9H 7N) Isolated in Solid para-Hydrogen. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:2361-2372. [PMID: 35414179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c01330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Large protonated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (H+PAH) and the corresponding nitrogen heterocycles (H+PANH) have been proposed as possible carriers of unidentified infrared (UIR) emission bands from galactic objects. The nitrogen atom in H+PANH is expected to induce a blue shift of the band associated with the CC-stretching mode of H+PAH near 6.3 μm so that their emission bands might agree better with the UIR band near 6.2 μm. We report the IR spectrum of protonated quinoline (1-quinolinium cation, C9H7NH+) and its neutral species (1-quinolinyl radical, C9H7NH) measured upon electron bombardment during the deposition of a mixture of quinoline (C9H7N) and para-hydrogen (p-H2) at 3.2 K, indicating that the protonation and hydrogenation occur mainly at the N atom site. Additional experiments on the irradiation of C9H7N/Cl2/p-H2 matrices at 365 nm to generate Cl atoms, followed by irradiation with IR light to generate H atoms via Cl + H2 (v = 1), were performed to induce the reaction H + C9H7N. This method proved to be efficient for hydrogenation reactions in solid p-H2; we identified, in addition to C9H7NH observed in electron-bombardment experiments, four radicals with hydrogenation at the C-atom site─3-, 4-, 7-, and 8-HC9H7N. Spectral assignments were achieved according to the behavior upon secondary photolysis and a comparison of experimental results with vibrational wavenumbers and IR intensities predicted with the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) method. The observed lines at 1641.4, 1598.4, and 1562.0 cm-1 associated with the CC-stretching mode of C9H7NH+ are blue-shifted from those at 1618.7, 1580.8, 1556.7, and 1510.0 cm-1 of the corresponding protonated naphthalene (C10H9+).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu-Jong Wu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
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6
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Marlton SJP, Trevitt A. Laser Photodissocation, Action Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry Unite to Detect and Separate Isomers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9451-9467. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02101c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The separation and detection of isomers remains a challenge for many areas of mass spectrometry. This article highlights laser photodissociation and ion mobility strategies that have been deployed to tackle...
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7
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Marlton SJP, McKinnon BI, Greißel P, Shiels OJ, Ucur B, Trevitt AJ. Picosecond excited-state lifetimes of protonated indazole and benzimidazole: The role of the N-N bond. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:184302. [PMID: 34773941 DOI: 10.1063/5.0071847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain chemical groups give rise to characteristic excited-state deactivation mechanisms. Here, we target the role of a protonated N-N chemical group in the excited-state deactivation of protonated indazole by comparison to its isomer that lacks this group, protonated benzimidazole. Gas-phase protonated indazole and protonated benzimidazole ions are investigated at room temperature using picosecond laser pump-probe photodissociation experiments in a linear ion-trap. Excited state lifetimes are measured across a range of pump energies (4.0-5.4 eV). The 1ππ* lifetimes of protonated indazole range from 390 ± 70 ps using 4.0 eV pump energy to ≤18 ps using 4.6 eV pump energy. The 1ππ* lifetimes of protonated benzimidazole are systematically longer, ranging from 3700 ± 1100 ps at 4.6 eV pump energy to 400 ± 200 ps at 5.4 eV. Based on these experimental results and accompanying quantum chemical calculations and potential energy surfaces, the shorter lifetimes of protonated indazole are attributed to πσ* state mediated elongation of the protonated N-N bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J P Marlton
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Benjamin I McKinnon
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Phillip Greißel
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Oisin J Shiels
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Boris Ucur
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Adam J Trevitt
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
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8
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Mashmoushi N, Juhász DR, Coughlan NJA, Schneider BB, Le Blanc JCY, Guna M, Ziegler BE, Campbell JL, Hopkins WS. UVPD Spectroscopy of Differential Mobility-Selected Prototropic Isomers of Rivaroxaban. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:8187-8195. [PMID: 34432451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c05564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two ion populations of protonated Rivaroxaban, [C19H18ClN3O5S + H]+, are separated under pure N2 conditions using differential mobility spectrometry prior to characterization in a hybrid triple quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer. These populations are attributed to bare protonated Rivaroxaban and to a proton-bound Rivaroxaban-ammonia complex, which dissociates prior to mass-selecting the parent ion. Ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) and collision-induced dissociation (CID) studies indicate that both protonated Rivaroxaban ion populations are comprised of the computed global minimum prototropic isomer. Two ion populations are also observed when the collision environment is modified with 1.5% (v/v) acetonitrile. In this case, the protonated Rivaroxaban ion populations are produced by the dissociation of the ammonium complex and by the dissociation of a proton-bound Rivaroxaban-acetonitrile complex prior to mass selection. Again, both populations exhibit a similar CID behavior; however, UVPD spectra indicate that the two ion populations are associated with different prototropic isomers. The experimentally acquired spectra are compared with computed spectra and are assigned to two prototropic isomers that exhibit proton sharing between distal oxygen centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Mashmoushi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.,Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Daniel R Juhász
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Neville J A Coughlan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.,Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | | | | | - Mircea Guna
- SCIEX, 71 Four Valley Drive, Concord, Ontario L4K 4V8, Canada
| | - Blake E Ziegler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.,Watermine Innovation, Waterloo, Ontario N0B 2T0, Canada
| | - J Larry Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.,Watermine Innovation, Waterloo, Ontario N0B 2T0, Canada.,Bedrock Scientific, Milton, Ontario L6T 6J9, Canada
| | - W Scott Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.,Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.,Watermine Innovation, Waterloo, Ontario N0B 2T0, Canada.,Centre for Eye and Vision Research, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong
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9
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Noble JA, Marceca E, Dedonder C, Phasayavan W, Féraud G, Inceesungvorn B, Jouvet C. Influence of the N atom position on the excited state photodynamics of protonated azaindole. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:27280-27289. [PMID: 33227118 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03608k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We present a study of the photofragmentation of three protonated azaindole molecules - 7-azaindole, 6-azaindole, and 5-azaindole - consisting of fused pyrrole-pyridine bicyclic aromatic systems, in which the pyridinic (protonated) nitrogen heteroatom is located at the 7, 6, and 5 positions, respectively. Photofragmentation electronic spectra of the isolated aforementioned azaindolinium cations reveal that their photodynamics extends over timescales covering nine orders of magnitude and provide evidence about the resultant fragmentation pathways. Moreover, we show how the position of the heteroatom in the aromatic skeleton influences the excited state energetics, fragmentation pathways, and fragmentation timescales. Computed ab initio adiabatic transition energies are used to assist the assignation of the spectra, while geometry optimisation in the excited electronic states as well as ab initio calculations along the potential surfaces demonstrate the role of ππ*/πσ* coupling and/or large geometry changes in the dynamics of these species. Evidence supporting the formation of Dewar valence isomers as intermediates involved in sub-picosecond relaxation processes is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Noble
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ., PIIM, Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moléculaires, UMR 7345, 13397, Marseille, France.
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10
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Cercola R, Fischer KC, Sherman SL, Garand E, Wong NGK, Hammerback LA, Lynam JM, Fairlamb IJS, Dessent CEH. Direct Measurement of the Visible to UV Photodissociation Processes for the PhotoCORM TryptoCORM. Chemistry 2020; 26:10297-10306. [PMID: 32275091 PMCID: PMC7496620 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PhotoCORMs are light-triggered compounds that release CO for medical applications. Here, we apply laser spectroscopy in the gas phase to TryptoCORM, a known photoCORM that has been shown to destroy Escherichia coli upon visible-light activation. Our experiments allow us to map TryptoCORM's photochemistry across a wide wavelength range by using novel laser-interfaced mass spectrometry (LIMS). LIMS provides the intrinsic absorption spectrum of the photoCORM along with the production spectra of all of its ionic photoproducts for the first time. Importantly, the photoproduct spectra directly reveal the optimum wavelengths for maximizing CO ejection, and the extent to which CO ejection is compromised at redder wavelengths. A series of comparative studies were performed on TryptoCORM-CH3 CN which exists in dynamic equilibrium with TryptoCORM in solution. Our measurements allow us to conclude that the presence of the labile CH3 CN facilitates CO release over a wider wavelength range. This work demonstrates the potential of LIMS as a new methodology for assessing active agent release (e.g. CO, NO, H2 S) from light-activated prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Cercola
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | | | - Summer L. Sherman
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA
| | - Etienne Garand
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA
| | | | | | - Jason M. Lynam
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
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11
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Marlton SJP, McKinnon BI, Ucur B, Bezzina JP, Blanksby SJ, Trevitt AJ. Discrimination between Protonation Isomers of Quinazoline by Ion Mobility and UV-Photodissociation Action Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:4226-4231. [PMID: 32368922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The influence of oriented electric fields on chemical reactivity and photochemistry is an area of increasing interest. Within a molecule, different protonation sites offer the opportunity to control the location of charge and thus orientation of electric fields. New techniques are thus needed to discriminate between protonation isomers in order to understand this effect. This investigation reports the UV-photodissociation action spectroscopy of two protonation isomers (protomers) of 1,3-diazanaphthalene (quinazoline) arising from protonation of a nitrogen at either the 1- or 3-position. It is shown that these protomers are separable by field-asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) with confirmation provided by UV-photodissociation (PD) action spectroscopy. Vibronic features in the UVPD action spectra and computational input allow assignment of the origin transitions to the S1 and S5 states of both protomers. These experiments also provide vital benchmarks for protomer-specific calculations and examination of isomer-resolved reaction kinetics and thermodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J P Marlton
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Benjamin I McKinnon
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Boris Ucur
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - James P Bezzina
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Stephen J Blanksby
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Australia
| | - Adam J Trevitt
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
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12
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Coughlan NJA, Carr PJJ, Walker SC, Zhou C, Guna M, Campbell JL, Hopkins WS. Measuring Electronic Spectra of Differential Mobility-Selected Ions in the Gas Phase. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:405-410. [PMID: 32031386 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We describe the modification of a commercially available tandem differential mobility mass spectrometer (DMS) that has been retrofitted to facilitate photodissociation (PD) of differential mobility-separated, mass-selected molecular ions. We first show that a mixture of protonated quinoline/isoquinoline (QH+/iQH+) can be separated using differential mobility spectrometry. Efficient separation is facilitated by addition of methanol to the DMS environment and increased residence time within the DMS. In action spectroscopy experiments, we gate each isomer using appropriate DMS settings, trap the ions in the third quadrupole of a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, and irradiate them with tunable light from an optical parametric oscillator (OPO). The resulting mass spectra are recorded as the OPO wavelength is scanned, giving PD action spectra. We compare our PD spectra with previously recorded spectra for the same species and show that our instrument reproduces previous works faithfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neville J A Coughlan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West , Waterloo , ON N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Patrick J J Carr
- Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West , Waterloo , ON N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Stephen C Walker
- Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West , Waterloo , ON N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Ce Zhou
- Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West , Waterloo , ON N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Mircea Guna
- SCIEX , Four Valley Drive , Concord , ON L4K 4V8 , Canada
| | - J Larry Campbell
- Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West , Waterloo , ON N2L 3G1 , Canada
- SCIEX , Four Valley Drive , Concord , ON L4K 4V8 , Canada
| | - W Scott Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West , Waterloo , ON N2L 3G1 , Canada
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13
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Shiels OJ, Kelly PD, Blanksby SJ, da Silva G, Trevitt AJ. Barrierless Reactions of Three Benzonitrile Radical Cations with Ethylene. Aust J Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/ch19606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of three protonated benzonitrile radical cations with ethylene are investigated. Product branching ratios and reaction kinetics, measured using ion-trap mass spectrometry, are reported and mechanisms are developed with support from quantum chemical calculations. Reactions proceed via pre-reactive van der Waals complexes with no energy barrier (above the reactant energy) and form radical addition and addition–elimination product ions. Rate coefficients are 4-dehydrobenzonitrilium: 1.72±0.01×10−11 cm3 molecule−1 s−1, 3-dehydrobenzonitrilium: 1.85±0.01×10−11 cm3 molecule−1 s−1, and 2-dehydrobenzonitrilium: 5.96±0.06×10−11 cm3 molecule−1 s−1 (with±50% absolute uncertainty). A ring-closure mechanism involving the protonated nitrile substituent is proposed for the 2-dehydrobenzonitrilium case and suggests favourable formation of the protonated indenimine cation.
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14
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Ben Nasr F, Alata I, Scuderi D, Lepère V, Brenner V, Jaïdane NE, Zehnacker A. Effects of complexation with sulfuric acid on the photodissociation of protonated Cinchona alkaloids in the gas phase. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:15439-15451. [PMID: 31257399 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01518c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effect of complexation with sulfuric acid on the photo-dissociation of protonated Cinchona alkaloids, namely cinchonidine (Cd), quinine (Qn) and quinidine (Qd), is studied by combining laser spectroscopy with quantum chemical calculations. The protonated complexes are structurally characterized in a room-temperature ion trap by means of infra-red multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy in the fingerprint and the ν(XH) (X = C, N, O) stretch regions. Comparison with density functional theory calculations including dispersion (DFT-D) unambiguously shows that the complex consists of a doubly protonated Cinchona alkaloid strongly bound to a bisulfate HSO4- anion, which bridges the two protonated sites of the Cinchona alkaloid. UV excitation of the complex does not induce loss of specific photo fragments, in contrast to the protonated monomer or dimer, for which photo-specific fragments were observed. Indeed the UV-induced fragmentation pattern is identical to that observed in collision-induced dissociation experiments. Analysis of the nature of the first electronic transitions at the second order approximate coupled-cluster level (CC2) explains the difference in the behavior of the complex relative to the monomer or dimer towards UV excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feriel Ben Nasr
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France. and Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique, Moléculaire et Applications (LSAMA) Université de Tunis El Manar, LSAMA, Tunis 1060, Tunisia
| | - Ivan Alata
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France.
| | - Debora Scuderi
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000, and CNRS, Orsay, F-91405, France
| | - Valeria Lepère
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France.
| | | | - Nejm-Eddine Jaïdane
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique, Moléculaire et Applications (LSAMA) Université de Tunis El Manar, LSAMA, Tunis 1060, Tunisia
| | - Anne Zehnacker
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France.
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15
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Qin X, Xu X, Lu J, Zhu Y. Highly efficient electrochemiluminescence of quinoline and isoquinoline in aqueous solution. Electrochem commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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16
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Tsuge M, Tseng CY, Lee YP. Spectroscopy of prospective interstellar ions and radicals isolated in para-hydrogen matrices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:5344-5358. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05680j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The p-H2 matrix-isolation technique coupled with photolysis in situ or electron bombardment produces protonated or hydrogenated species important in astrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Tsuge
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30010
- Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Tseng
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30010
- Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Pern Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30010
- Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
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17
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Féraud G, Domenianni L, Marceca E, Dedonder-Lardeux C, Jouvet C. Photodissociation Electronic Spectra of Cold Protonated Quinoline and Isoquinoline in the Gas Phase. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:2580-2587. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b01301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Féraud
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, PIIM UMR 7365, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niémen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Luis Domenianni
- Facultad
de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, DQIAF, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, 1er piso, Pab. II, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto
de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente
y Energía (INQUIMAE), CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, 3er piso,
Pab. II, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ernesto Marceca
- Facultad
de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, DQIAF, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, 1er piso, Pab. II, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto
de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente
y Energía (INQUIMAE), CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, 3er piso,
Pab. II, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claude Dedonder-Lardeux
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, PIIM UMR 7365, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niémen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Christophe Jouvet
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, PIIM UMR 7365, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niémen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
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18
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Matthews E, Dessent CEH. Experiment and theory confirm that UV laser photodissociation spectroscopy can distinguish protomers formed via electrospray. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02817b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Low-resolution UV spectroscopy within a laser-interfaced commercial mass spectrometer can be used to identify electrosprayed protomers of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA).
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19
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Singh AK, Ghosh S, Kancherla R, Datta A. Engineering the Excited-State Dynamics of 3-Aminoquinoline by Chemical Modification and Temperature Variation. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:12920-12927. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b09939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Srijon Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Rajesh Kancherla
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Anindya Datta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
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20
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Matthews E, Dessent CEH. Locating the Proton in Nicotinamide Protomers via Low-Resolution UV Action Spectroscopy of Electrosprayed Solutions. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:9209-9216. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b10433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward Matthews
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
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21
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Kumar S, Lucas B, Fayeton J, Scuderi D, Alata I, Broquier M, Barbu-Debus KL, Lepère V, Zehnacker A. Photofragmentation mechanisms in protonated chiral cinchona alkaloids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:22668-77. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04041a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Photo-fragmentation of protonated alkaloids results in C8–C9 cleavage accompanied or not by hydrogen migration, with a stereochemistry-dependent branching ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO)
- CNRS
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- France
| | - Bruno Lucas
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO)
- CNRS
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- France
| | - Jacqueline Fayeton
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO)
- CNRS
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- France
| | - Debora Scuderi
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
- UMR8000, and CNRS
- Orsay
- France
| | - Ivan Alata
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO)
- CNRS
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- France
| | - Michel Broquier
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO)
- CNRS
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- France
| | - Katia Le Barbu-Debus
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO)
- CNRS
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- France
| | - Valeria Lepère
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO)
- CNRS
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- France
| | - Anne Zehnacker
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO)
- CNRS
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- France
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22
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Alata I, Scuderi D, Lepere V, Steinmetz V, Gobert F, Thiao-Layel L, Le Barbu-Debus K, Zehnacker-Rentien A. Exotic Protonated Species Produced by UV-Induced Photofragmentation of a Protonated Dimer: Metastable Protonated Cinchonidine. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:10007-15. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b06506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Alata
- Institut des Sciences
Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Debora Scuderi
- Laboratoire de
Chimie Physique (LCP), CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Valeria Lepere
- Institut des Sciences
Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Vincent Steinmetz
- Laboratoire de
Chimie Physique (LCP), CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Fabrice Gobert
- Laboratoire de
Chimie Physique (LCP), CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Loïc Thiao-Layel
- Laboratoire de
Chimie Physique (LCP), CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Katia Le Barbu-Debus
- Institut des Sciences
Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Anne Zehnacker-Rentien
- Institut des Sciences
Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
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