1
|
Sun T, Guo L, Li Q, Cao ZC. Nickel-Catalyzed Chemoselective Carbomagnesiation for Atroposelective Ring-Opening Difunctionalization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401756. [PMID: 38651647 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
There is a pressing need for methods that can connect enantioenriched organic compounds with readily accessible building blocks via asymmetric functionalization of unreactive chemical bonds in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. Herein, the asymmetric chemoselective cleavage of two unactivated C(Ar)-O bonds in the same molecule is disclosed for the first time through an unusual nickel-catalyzed carbomagnesiation. This reaction facilitates the evolution of a novel atroposelective ring-opening difunctionalization. Utilizing readily available dibenzo bicyclic substrates, diverse valuable axially chiral biaryls are furnished with high efficiencies. Synthetic elaborations showcase the application potential of this method. The features of this method include good atom-economy, multiple roles of the nucleophile, and a simple catalytic system that enables the precise magnesiation of an α-C(Ar)-O bond and arylation of a β-C(Ar)-O bond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Sun
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130, Changjiangxilu, Hefei, Anhui, China, 230036
| | - Linchao Guo
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130, Changjiangxilu, Hefei, Anhui, China, 230036
| | - Qi Li
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130, Changjiangxilu, Hefei, Anhui, China, 230036
| | - Zhi-Chao Cao
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130, Changjiangxilu, Hefei, Anhui, China, 230036
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maity A, Sahoo AK. Copper-Catalyzed Regio- and Stereoselective Hydroarylation of Ynamide. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38170946 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Presented herein is a copper-catalyzed trans-hydroarylation of ynamides. The reaction showcases the assembly of boronic acids across the carbon-carbon triple bond of ynamides. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions offering a complementary approach for the versatile synthesis of multifunctional (E)-α,β-disubstituted enamides. Moreover, the hydroarylation process is highly regio- and stereoselective. The transformation shows a broad scope (30 examples) and tolerates a wide range of labile functional groups. Control experiments provide substantive evidence supporting the mechanistic cycle and the observed selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Maity
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Akhila K Sahoo
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Smith LB, Armstrong RJ, Hou J, Smith E, Sze M, Sterling AJ, Smith A, Duarte F, Donohoe TJ. Redox Reorganization: Aluminium Promoted 1,5-Hydride Shifts Allow the Controlled Synthesis of Multisubstituted Cyclohexenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307424. [PMID: 37358307 PMCID: PMC10953022 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of cyclohexenes has been achieved from easily accessible tetrahydropyrans via a tandem 1,5-hydride shift-aldol condensation. We discovered that readily available aluminium reagents, e.g. Al2 O3 or Al(Ot Bu)3 are essential for this process, promoting the 1,5-hydride shift with complete regio- and enantiospecificity (in stark contrast to results obtained under basic conditions). The mild conditions, coupled with multiple methods available to access the tetrahydropyran starting materials makes this a versatile method with exceptional functional group tolerance. A wide range of cyclohexenes (>40 examples) have been prepared, many in enantiopure form, showing our ability to selectively install a substituent at each position around the newly forged cyclohexene ring. Experimental and computational studies revealed that aluminium serves a dual role in facilitating the hydride shift, activating both the alkoxide nucleophile and the electrophilic carbonyl group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lewis B. Smith
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOX1 3TAOxfordUK
| | - Roly J. Armstrong
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOX1 3TAOxfordUK
- School of Natural and Environmental SciencesNewcastle UniversityNE1 7RUNewcastle Upon TyneUK
| | - Jingyan Hou
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOX1 3TAOxfordUK
| | - Edward Smith
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOX1 3TAOxfordUK
| | - Ming Sze
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOX1 3TAOxfordUK
| | | | - Alex Smith
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research CentreRG42 6EYBracknellBerkshireUK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOX1 3TAOxfordUK
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Manna MS, Yoo SY, Sharique M, Choi H, Pudasaini B, Baik MH, Tambar UK. Copper-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Internal Allylic Alkylations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202304848. [PMID: 37327025 PMCID: PMC10528884 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202304848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We report a copper-catalyzed, regioselective, and stereospecific alkylation of unbiased internal allylic carbonates with functionalized alkyl and aryl Grignard reagents. The reactions exhibit high stereospecificity and regioselectivity for either SN 2 or SN 2' products under two sets of copper-catalyzed conditions, which enables the preparation of a broad range of products with E-alkene selectivity. Density functional theory calculations reveal the origins of the regioselectivity based on the different behaviors of homo- and heterocuprates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Sudan Manna
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
| | - Seok Yeol Yoo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammed Sharique
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
| | - Hyoju Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bimal Pudasaini
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Uttam K. Tambar
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fang S, Han J, Zhu C, Li W, Xie J. Gold-catalyzed four-component multifunctionalization of alkynes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3551. [PMID: 37322071 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39243-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The alkyne unit is a versatile building block in organic synthesis and the development of selective multifunctionalization of alkynes is an important object of research in this field. Herein, we report an interesting gold-catalyzed, four-component reaction that achieves the oxo-arylfluorination or oxo-arylalkenylation of internal aromatic or aliphatic alkynes, efficiently breaking a carbon-carbon triple bond and forming four new chemical bonds. The reaction divergence can be controlled by site-directing functional groups in the alkynes; the presence of a phosphonate unit favors the oxo-arylfluorination, while the carboxylate motif benefits oxo-arylalkenylation. This reaction is enabled by an Au(I)/Au(III) redox coupling process using Selectfluor as both an oxidant and a fluorinating reagent. A wide range of structurally diverse α,α-disubstituted ketones, and tri- or tetra-substituted unsaturated ketones have been prepared in synthetically valuable yields and with excellent chemo-, regio- and stereoselectivity. The gram-scale preparation and late-stage application of complex alkynes have further enhanced their synthetic value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shangwen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, 830017, Urumqi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Z, Lamine W, Miqueu K, Liu SY. A syn outer-sphere oxidative addition: the reaction mechanism in Pd/Senphos-catalyzed carboboration of 1,3-enynes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2082-2090. [PMID: 36845936 PMCID: PMC9945512 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05828f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a combined experimental and computational study of Pd/Senphos-catalyzed carboboration of 1,3-enynes utilizing DFT calculations, 31P NMR study, kinetic study, Hammett analysis and Arrhenius/Eyring analysis. Our mechanistic study provides evidence against the conventional inner-sphere β-migratory insertion mechanism. Instead, a syn outer-sphere oxidative addition mechanism featuring a Pd-π-allyl intermediate followed by coordination-assisted rearrangements is consistent with all the experimental observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College Chestnut Hill Massachusetts 02467-3860 USA
| | - Walid Lamine
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA/CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux IPREM UMR 5254 Hélioparc, 2 Avenue P. Angot 64053 Pau Cedex 09 France
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA/CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux IPREM UMR 5254 Hélioparc, 2 Avenue P. Angot 64053 Pau Cedex 09 France
| | - Shih-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College Chestnut Hill Massachusetts 02467-3860 USA
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA/CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux IPREM UMR 5254 Hélioparc, 2 Avenue P. Angot 64053 Pau Cedex 09 France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mendel M, Gnägi L, Dabranskaya U, Schoenebeck F. Rapid and Modular Access to Vinyl Cyclopropanes Enabled by Air-stable Palladium(I) Dimer Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202211167. [PMID: 36226918 PMCID: PMC10107780 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
While vinyl cyclopropanes are valuable functional groups in drugs or natural products as well as established precursors to trigger a rich variety of synthetic transformations, their reactive nature can make their installation via direct catalytic approaches challenging. We herein present a modular access to (di)vinyl cyclopropanes under very mild conditions and full conservation of stereochemistry, allowing access to the cis or trans cyclopropane- as well as E or Z vinyl-stereochemical relationships. Our protocol relies on air-stable dinuclear PdI catalysis, which enables rapid (<30 min) and selective access to a diverse range of vinyl cyclopropane motifs at room temperature, even on gram scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Mendel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars Gnägi
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Uladzislava Dabranskaya
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Franziska Schoenebeck
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lebon J, Mortis A, Maichle-Mössmer C, Manßen M, Sirsch P, Anwander R. Schlenk's Legacy-Methyllithium Put under Close Scrutiny. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214599. [PMID: 36409199 PMCID: PMC10108226 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Commercially available stock solutions of organolithium reagents are well-implemented tools in organic and organometallic chemistry. However, such solutions are inherently contaminated with lithium halide salts, which can complicate certain synthesis protocols and purification processes. Here, we report the isolation of chloride-free methyllithium employing K[N(SiMe3 )2 ] as a halide-trapping reagent. The influence of distinct LiCl contaminations on the 7 Li-NMR chemical shift is examined and their quantification demonstrated. The structural parameters of new chloride-free monomeric methyllithium complex [(Me3 TACN)LiCH3 ], ligated by an azacrown ether, are assessed by comparison with a halide-contaminated variant and monomeric lithium chloride [(Me3 TACN)LiCl], further emphasizing the effect of halide impurities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Lebon
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexandros Mortis
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Manfred Manßen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Sirsch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sethi S, Jana NC, Behera S, Behera RR, Bagh B. Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition Catalyzed by Copper(I) Coordination Polymers in PPM Levels Using Deep Eutectic Solvents as Reusable Reaction Media: A Waste-Minimized Sustainable Approach. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:868-878. [PMID: 36643452 PMCID: PMC9835663 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Two air-stable copper(I)-halide coordination polymers 1 and 2 with NNS and NNO ligand frameworks were synthesized and successfully utilized as efficient catalysts in an important organic reaction, namely, copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, which is generally conducted in a mixture of water and organic solvents. The azide-alkyne "click" reaction was successfully conducted in pure water at r.t. under aerobic conditions. Other green solvents, including ethanol and glycerol, were also effectively used. Finally, deep eutectic solvents as green and sustainable reaction media were successfully utilized. In deep eutectic solvents, complete conversion with excellent isolated yield was achieved in a short period of time (1 h) with low catalyst loading (1 mol %) at r.t. Full conversion could also be achieved within 24 h with ppm-level (50 ppm) catalyst loading at 70 °C. Optimized reaction conditions were used for the syntheses of a large number of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles with various functionalities. Triazole products were easily isolated by simple filtration. The reaction media, such as water and deep eutectic solvents, were recovered and recycled in three consecutive runs. The limited waste production is reflected in a very low E-factor (0.3-2.8). Finally, the CHEM21 green metrics toolkit was employed to evaluate the sustainability credentials of different optimized protocols in various green solvents such as water, ethanol, glycerol, and deep eutectic solvents.
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen X, Patel K, Marek I. Stereospecific nucleophilic substitution at quaternary carbon stereocenters of cyclopropyl carbinols. Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
11
|
The Reaction Mechanism of the Cu(I) Catalyzed Alkylation of Heterosubstituted Alkynes. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkynes may be regioselectively alkylated to alkenes by organocopper reagents in a reaction known as “carbocupration”, where an alkylCu(I) binds to the alkyne and transfers its organic moiety to one of the alkyne carbon atoms. Alkynes hetero-substituted with third-row elements yield alkenes with a regiochemistry opposite to that obtained when using alkynes hetero-substituted with second-row elements. Early computational investigations of his reaction mechanism have identified the importance of the organocopper counter-cation (Li+) to the achievement of good reaction rates, but in the subsequent two decades no further progress has been reported regarding the exploration of the mechanism or the explanation of the experimental regiochemistry. In this work, density-functional theory is used to investigate the mechanism used and to describe a model that correctly explains both the reaction rates at sub-zero temperatures and the regiochemistry profiles obtained with each of the heteroalkynes. The rate-determining step is shown to vary depending on the heterosubstituent, and the alkyl transfer is consistently shown to occur, somewhat counter-intuitively, to the alkyne carbon that is complexed by Cu rather than to the “free” alkyne carbon atom, which instead interacts with the counter-cation that stabilizes the developing electronic charge distribution.
Collapse
|
12
|
Myronova V, Cahard D, Marek I. Stereoselective Preparation of CF 3-Containing Cyclopropanes. Org Lett 2022; 24:9076-9080. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Myronova
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry. Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200009, Israel
- UMR 6014 CNRS COBRA, Normandie Université, 76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Dominique Cahard
- UMR 6014 CNRS COBRA, Normandie Université, 76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Ilan Marek
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry. Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200009, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Straub H, Ryabchuk P, Rubina M, Rubin M. Preparation of Chiral Enantioenriched Densely Substituted Cyclopropyl Azoles, Amines, and Ethers via Formal SN2′ Substitution of Bromocylopropanes. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27207069. [PMID: 36296663 PMCID: PMC9609026 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantiomerically enriched cyclopropyl ethers, amines, and cyclopropylazole derivatives possessing three stereogenic carbon atoms in a small cycle are obtained via the diastereoselective, formal nucleophilic substitution of chiral, non-racemic bromocyclopropanes. The key feature of this methodology is the utilization of the chiral center of the cyclopropene intermediate, which governs the configuration of the two adjacent stereocenters that are successively installed via 1,4-addition/epimerization sequence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hillary Straub
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Pavel Ryabchuk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Marina Rubina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 355009 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Michael Rubin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 355009 Stavropol, Russia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
The various facets of the chemistry of cyclopropane derivatives, the smallest carbocycle, are amazingly diverse and continue to fascinate theoreticians, synthetic or structural chemists having interest in fundamental physical, medicinal chemistry, and natural product synthesis. The challenges generated by this intriguing cyclic arrangement of only three tetravalent carbons represent a wide area of the chemical spectrum. From fundamental aspects of bonding through the synthesis of highly strained molecules, the understanding of the mode of action in biological systems to the selective cleavage into acyclic substrates makes the chemistry of these small rings fascinating. Therefore, efficient routes to prepare differently polysubstituted cyclopropanes have always been of a primordial importance. In the past decade, we and others have expanded the scope of the carbometalation reaction of cyclopropenes as a broad and general method to the formation of stereodefined cyclopropane derivatives. Although cyclopropenes, with their even higher strain energy, easily undergo addition reactions of organometallic reagents, their carbometalation reactions generate new regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivity issues that needed to be addressed. These various stereochemical aspects accompanied our research from its origins to today, and we are proposing in this Account, a didactic overview of the different ways by which cyclopropenes can lead to the formation of polysubstituted cyclopropanes or open-products possessing several stereogenic centers as a single regio- and diastereomer.We initially launched our research campaign on the chemistry of these strained three-membered rings by the regio- and diastereoselective copper-catalyzed carbomagnesiation of enantiomerically enriched cyclopropenyl carbinols. The directing alcohol governed both the regio- and diastereoselectivity of the addition and also served as a good leaving group as it undergoes a selective 1,2-elimination reaction to provide enantioenriched alkylidenecyclopropanes in excellent yields and enantiomeric excesses. Then, we turned our attention to the regio- and stereoselective synthesis of stereodefined tri- and tetrasubstituted cyclopropanes through the diastereoselective addition to sp2- monosubstituted cyclopropenyl ester derivatives. With the aim to further expand this concept to the formation of penta- and hexa-substituted cyclopropanes as single isomer, we had first to design the preparation of the required 1,2-disubstituted cyclopropenes that would control the regioselective addition of the organometallic derivatives. The synthesis of penta- and hexa-substituted cyclopropanes was then reported for the first time as a single regio- and diastereomer. It should be noted that the in situ formed cyclopropyl-metal intermediate is configurationally stable and can be subsequently functionalized with pure retention of the configuration by addition of electrophiles. Then, the enantioselective-catalyzed carbometalation reaction of achiral cyclopropenes allowed the synthesis of several new classes of cyclopropane derivatives in high enantiomeric ratios. Finally, by combining the regio- and diastereoselective carbometalation reaction of a cyclopropene with a subsequent reaction of the resulting cyclopropylmetal species, a selective carbon-carbon bond cleavage was observed to lead to the preparation of acyclic substrates possessing several stereocenters including a quaternary carbon stereogenic center. Our original vision of using strain within an embedded double bond in a three-membered ring has provided new routes to the stereoselective synthesis of polysubstituted cyclopropanes and has been extremely successful, as it represents a current new tool for the synthesis of persubstituted cyclopropanes as a single diastereomer.
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
![]()
A new approach to
polysubstituted spiropentanes is developed
through
a regio- and diastereoselective carbometalation of sp2-disubstituted
cyclopropenes. The control of selectivity originates from a combined syn-facial diastereoselective carbometalation with a regio-directed
addition. The regio-controlling element subsequently serves as a leaving
group in an intramolecular nucleophilic substitution. This method
allows the preparation of various polysubstituted spiropentanes with
up to five contiguous stereocenters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yair Cohen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Dor Toledano
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Ilan Marek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Augustin AU, Di Silvio S, Marek I. Borylated Cyclopropanes as Spring-Loaded Entities: Access to Vicinal Tertiary and Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters in Acyclic Systems. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:16298-16302. [PMID: 36041738 PMCID: PMC9479080 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Herein, we present the formation of acyclic frameworks
bearing
two consecutive stereocenters of either tertiary or quaternary nature
starting from easily accessible cyclopropenes. This holistic approach
involves a regio- and diastereoselective hydro- or carboborylation
of substituted cyclopropenyl esters. Formation of boronate complexes
of the latter via the addition of nucleophiles and subsequent stereospecific
1,2-migration with carbon–carbon bond cleavage delivered the
title compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André U Augustin
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200009, Israel
| | - Sergio Di Silvio
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200009, Israel
| | - Ilan Marek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200009, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Meng H, Bai S, Qiao Y, He T, Li W, Ming J. Rhodium-Catalyzed Three-Component Reaction of Alkynes, Arylzinc Chlorides, and Iodomethanes Producing Trisubstituted/Tetrasubstituted Alkenes with/without 1,4-Migration. Org Lett 2022; 24:5480-5485. [PMID: 35856848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A three-component reaction of alkynes, arylzinc chlorides, and iodomethanes was found to proceed in the presence of a rhodium catalyst to give high yields of trisubstituted/tetrasubstituted alkenes. The usual arylzinc chlorides only gave trisubstituted alkenes, generated through a migratory carbozincation-cross-coupling sequence, where 1,4-Rh migration from an alkenyl carbon to an aryl carbon occurred. In contrast, 5-membered heteroarylzinc chlorides only gave the tetrasubstituted alkenes via a carborhodation-cross-coupling pathway without 1,4-migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Meng
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Shiming Bai
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yu Qiao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Ting He
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Section 4-13, Renmin Road South, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Weiyi Li
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Jialin Ming
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
The reactivity of phosphorus and sulfur ylides toward carbonyl compounds constitutes a well-known dichotomy that is a common educational device in organic chemistry─the former gives olefins, while the latter gives epoxides. Herein, we report a stereodivergent carbonyl olefination that challenges this dichotomy, showcasing thiouronium ylides as valuable olefination reagents. With this method, aldehydes are converted to Z-alkenes with high stereoselectivity and broad substrate scope, while N-tosylimines provide a similarly proficient entry to E-alkenes. In-depth computational and experimental studies clarified the mechanistic details of this unusual reactivity.
Collapse
|
19
|
Sekine K, Akaishi D, Konagaya K, Ito S. Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrosilylation of gem-Difluorocyclopropenes Leading to a Stereochemical Study of the Silylated gem-Difluorocyclopropanes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200657. [PMID: 35393679 PMCID: PMC9321851 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Optically active cyclopropanes have been widely investigated especially from the views of pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries, and substituting one of the methylenes with the difluoromethylene unit should be promising for developing novel biologically relevant compounds and functional materials. In this paper, the copper‐catalyzed enantioselective hydrosilylation of gem‐difluorocyclopropenes to provide the corresponding chiral gem‐difluorocyclopropanes is presented. The use of copper(I) chloride, chiral ligands including bidentate BINAPs and monodentate phosphoramidites, and silylborane Me2PhSi‐Bpin accompanying sodium tert‐butoxide in methanol was appropriate for the enantioselective hydrosilylation of the strained C=C double bond, and the resultant chiral difluorinated three‐membered ring was unambiguously characterized. Subsequent activation of the silyl groups in enantio‐enriched gem‐difluorocyclopropanes showed substantial reduction of the enantiopurity, indicating cleavage of the distal C−C bond leading to the transient acyclic intermediates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Sekine
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Dai Akaishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Kakeru Konagaya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Ito
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Heterocyclic rings are the fundamental building blocks of biological systems and have wide applications in synthetic chemistry and medicinal science. The development of novel synthetic methodology for heterocyclic skeletons from a variety of starting materials has made great progress in the past decades. Meanwhile, highly strained cyclopropenes as reactive reagents in organic transformations have drawn much attention from chemists. The rich chemical reactivity and reaction routes have been well investigated, and some review articles related to the reactivity of cyclopropenes and the construction of carbocycles and acyclic compounds have appeared in these years. Thus, this review mainly focuses on the progress in the construction of heterocyclic rings starting from various cyclopropenes including the reactions of commonly available stable cyclopropenes, in situ generated reactive cyclopropenes and cyclopropene precursors during this decade. Firstly, the transformations of common cyclopropenes into donor-type vinyl metal carbenes via transition metal induced ring opening, direct metalation of the CC bond of metal complexes, and cycloaddition reactions with 1,3-dipoles are described. Next, the annulation reactions of reactive cyclopropenes generated in situ with donor-acceptor reagents, intramolecular nucleophilic addition, and the cycloaddition reactions with 1,3-dipoles are introduced. Then, the transformation of cyclopropene precursors such as alkyl 1-chloro- or 1-alkoxy-2-aroylcyclopropanecarboxylates into five-membered heteroaromatic compounds is also mentioned. In addition, a brief outlook of the opportunity and challenges in the field of bio-orthogonal reactions related to cyclopropenes is given.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hengrui Huo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China. .,Hebei Key Laboratory of Heterocyclic Compounds, College of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Handan University, 530 North College Road, Handan 056005, China
| | - Yuefa Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Patel K, Lanke V, Marek I. Stereospecific Construction of Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters from Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7066-7071. [PMID: 35412821 PMCID: PMC9052742 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Organoaluminum species
promote a smooth nucleophilic substitution
at the quaternary carbon stereocenter of stereodefined polysubstituted
cyclopropyl methyl phosphate with a complete inversion of configuration,
even when more reactive functional groups are present. The regio-
and diastereoselectivity of the substitution is attributed to the
existence of a bicyclobutonium intermediate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaushalendra Patel
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Veeranjaneyulu Lanke
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Ilan Marek
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cohen A, Kaushansky A, Marek I. Mechanistic Insights on the Selectivity of the Tandem Heck-Ring-Opening of Cyclopropyldiol Derivatives. JACS AU 2022; 2:687-696. [PMID: 35373195 PMCID: PMC8970019 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of a new class of alkenyl cyclopropyl diols, easily available through a copper-catalyzed carbometalation reaction of cyclopropenes, has enabled the study of key mechanistic aspects of the tandem Heck-cyclopropane ring-opening reaction. Utilizing these substrates containing two distinct hydroxyl groups allowed us to examine parameters affecting the reaction outcome and selectivity. The combination of these experimental results with detailed DFT studies shed light on the mechanism governing the regio- and stereoselectivity of the cyclopropane ring-opening. A thorough investigation displayed the dual roles fulfilled by the hydroxyl group during the reaction, which is key to this remarkable transformation. In addition to its mechanistic implication, the reaction granted access to various lactones possessing up to four stereocenters as a single diastereomer, conveniently prepared in only two catalytic steps from easily accessible achiral cyclopropenes.
Collapse
|
23
|
Chang TY, Adrion DM, Meyer AR, Lopez SA, Garcia-Garibay MA. A Green Chemistry Approach toward the Stereospecific Synthesis of Densely Functionalized Cyclopropanes via the Solid-State Photodenitrogenation of Crystalline 1-Pyrazolines. J Org Chem 2022; 87:2277-2288. [PMID: 35041410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cyclopropane ring features prominently in active pharmaceuticals, and this has spurred the development of synthetic methodologies that effectively incorporate this highly strained motif into such molecules. As such, elegant solutions to prepare densely functionalized cyclopropanes, particularly ones embedded within the core of complex structures, have become increasingly sought-after. Here we report the stereospecific synthesis of a set of cyclopropanes with vicinal quaternary stereocenters via the solvent-free solid-state photodenitrogenation of crystalline 1-pyrazolines. Density functional theory calculations at the M062X/6-31+G(d,p) level of theory were used to determine the origin of regioselectivity for the synthesis of the 1-pyrazolines; favorable in-phase frontier molecular orbital interactions are responsible for the observation of a single pyrazoline regioisomer. It was also shown that the loss of N2 may take place via a highly selective solid-state thermal reaction. Scalability of the solid-state photoreaction is enabled through aqueous nanocrystalline suspensions, making this method a "greener" alternative to effectively facilitate the construction of cyclopropane-containing molecular scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Y Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Daniel M Adrion
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Alana Rose Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Steven A Lopez
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Miguel A Garcia-Garibay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Nájera C, Foubelo F, Sansano JM, Yus M. Enantioselective desymmetrization reactions in asymmetric catalysis. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
25
|
Gonzálvez MA, Su C, Williams CM, Bernhardt PV. Organocopper( ii) complexes: new catalysts for carbon–carbon bond formation via electrochemical atom transfer radical addition ( eATRA). Chem Sci 2022; 13:10506-10511. [PMID: 36277651 PMCID: PMC9473645 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03418b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical generation of a novel organocopper(ii) complex offers a new way to carry out atom transfer radical addition to alkenes under mild conditions with high yields and low catalyst loadings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Gonzálvez
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Chuyi Su
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Craig M. Williams
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Paul V. Bernhardt
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
McManus C, Crumpton A, Aldridge S. Alkyne insertion into Cu-Al bonds and selective functionalization to form copper acyl compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8274-8277. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02578g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report on the insertion of alkynes into heterometallic M–M' bonds, producing (aluminylalkenyl)copper compounds which possess differential reactivity at the two derived M–C functions. Uniquely, this system is capable of...
Collapse
|
27
|
Cho S, McLaren EJ, Wang Q. Three‐Component Difunctionalization of Cyclohexenyl Triflates: Direct Access to Versatile Cyclohexenes via Cyclohexynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seoyoung Cho
- Department of Chemistry Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - E. J. McLaren
- Department of Chemistry Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Qiu Wang
- Department of Chemistry Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cho S, McLaren EJ, Wang Q. Three-Component Difunctionalization of Cyclohexenyl Triflates: Direct Access to Versatile Cyclohexenes via Cyclohexynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26332-26336. [PMID: 34644004 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Difunctionalization of strained cyclic alkynes presents a powerful strategy to build richly functionalized cyclic alkenes in an expedient fashion. Herein we disclose an efficient and flexible approach to achieve carbohalogenation, dicarbofunctionalization, aminohalogenation and aminocarbonation of readily available cyclohexenyl triflates. We have demonstrated the novel use of zincate base/nucleophile system for effective formation of key cyclohexyne intermediates and selective addition of various carbon and nitrogen nucleophiles. Importantly, leveraging the resulting organozincates enables the incorporation of a broad range of electrophilic partners to deliver structurally diverse cyclohexene motifs. The importance and utility of this method is also exemplified by the modularity of this approach and the ease in which even highly complex polycyclic scaffolds can be accessed in one step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seoyoung Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - E J McLaren
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Qiu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cohen Y, Marek I. Directed Regioselective Carbometallation of 1,2-Dialkyl-Substituted Cyclopropenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26368-26372. [PMID: 34617656 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A regio- and diastereoselective copper-catalyzed carbomagnesiation of 1,2-dialkylated cyclopropenes is reported. The regioselectivity is controlled by a subtle tethered Lewis basic moiety. The chelating moieties allow the differentiation between two electronically tantamount organometallic intermediates. Further functionalization grants access to polysubstituted stereodefined cyclopropanes bearing up to five alkyl groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yair Cohen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
| | - Ilan Marek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zell D, Kingston C, Jermaks J, Smith SR, Seeger N, Wassmer J, Sirois LE, Han C, Zhang H, Sigman MS, Gosselin F. Stereoconvergent and -divergent Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Alkenes by Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Couplings. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:19078-19090. [PMID: 34735129 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report the development of a method to diastereoselectively access tetrasubstituted alkenes via nickel-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings of enol tosylates and boronic acid esters. Either diastereomeric product was selectively accessed from a mixture of enol tosylate starting material diastereomers in a convergent reaction by judicious choice of the ligand and reaction conditions. A similar protocol also enabled a divergent synthesis of each product isomer from diastereomerically pure enol tosylates. Notably, high-throughput optimization of the monophosphine ligands was guided by chemical space analysis of the kraken library to ensure a diverse selection of ligands was examined. Stereoelectronic analysis of the results provided insight into the requirements for reactive and selective ligands in this transformation. The synthetic utility of the optimized catalytic system was then probed in the stereoselective synthesis of various tetrasubstituted alkenes, with yields up to 94% and diastereomeric ratios up to 99:1 Z/E and 93:7 E/Z observed. Moreover, a detailed computational analysis and experimental mechanistic studies provided key insights into the nature of the underlying isomerization process impacting selectivity in the cross-coupling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Zell
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Cian Kingston
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Janis Jermaks
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Sleight R Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Natalie Seeger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Jana Wassmer
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Lauren E Sirois
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Chong Han
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Haiming Zhang
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Matthew S Sigman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Francis Gosselin
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cohen Y, Marek I. Directed Regioselective Carbometallation of 1,2‐Dialkyl‐Substituted Cyclopropenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yair Cohen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City Haifa 3200009 Israel
| | - Ilan Marek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City Haifa 3200009 Israel
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Neveselý T, Wienhold M, Molloy JJ, Gilmour R. Advances in the E → Z Isomerization of Alkenes Using Small Molecule Photocatalysts. Chem Rev 2021; 122:2650-2694. [PMID: 34449198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Geometrical E → Z alkene isomerization is intimately entwined in the historical fabric of organic photochemistry and is enjoying a renaissance (Roth et al. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989 28, 1193-1207). This is a consequence of the fundamental stereochemical importance of Z-alkenes, juxtaposed with frustrations in thermal reactivity that are rooted in microscopic reversibility. Accessing excited state reactivity paradigms allow this latter obstacle to be circumnavigated by exploiting subtle differences in the photophysical behavior of the substrate and product chromophores: this provides a molecular basis for directionality. While direct irradiation is operationally simple, photosensitization via selective energy transfer enables augmentation of the alkene repertoire to include substrates that are not directly excited by photons. Through sustained innovation, an impressive portfolio of tailored small molecule catalysts with a range of triplet energies are now widely available to facilitate contra-thermodynamic and thermo-neutral isomerization reactions to generate Z-alkene fragments. This review is intended to serve as a practical guide covering the geometric isomerization of alkenes enabled by energy transfer catalysis from 2000 to 2020, and as a logical sequel to the excellent treatment by Dugave and Demange (Chem. Rev. 2003 103, 2475-2532). The mechanistic foundations underpinning isomerization selectivity are discussed together with induction models and rationales to explain the counterintuitive directionality of these processes in which very small energy differences distinguish substrate from product. Implications for subsequent stereospecific transformations, application in total synthesis, regioselective polyene isomerization, and spatiotemporal control of pre-existing alkene configuration in a broader sense are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Neveselý
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Max Wienhold
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - John J Molloy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Adak L, Jin M, Saito S, Kawabata T, Itoh T, Ito S, Sharma AK, Gower NJ, Cogswell P, Geldsetzer J, Takaya H, Isozaki K, Nakamura M. Iron-catalysed enantioselective carbometalation of azabicycloalkenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:6975-6978. [PMID: 34219132 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02387j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first enantioselective carbometalation reaction of azabicycloalkenes has been achieved by iron catalysis to in situ form optically active organozinc intermediates, which are amenable to further synthetic elaborations. The observed chiral induction, along with the DFT and XAS analyses, reveals the direct coordination of the chiral phosphine ligand to the iron centre during the carbon-carbon and carbon-metal bond forming step. This new class of iron-catalysed asymmetric reaction will contribute to the synthesis and production of bioactive molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laksmikanta Adak
- International Research Center for Elements Science, Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan and Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan. and Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Botanic Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Masayoshi Jin
- International Research Center for Elements Science, Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan and Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan. and Process Technology Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Technology Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-12-1 Shinomiya, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 254-0014, Japan
| | - Shota Saito
- International Research Center for Elements Science, Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan and Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Kawabata
- International Research Center for Elements Science, Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan and Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Takuma Itoh
- International Research Center for Elements Science, Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan and Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Shingo Ito
- International Research Center for Elements Science, Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan and Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan. and Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21Nanyang Link 637371, Singapore
| | - Akhilesh K Sharma
- International Research Center for Elements Science, Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan and Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Nicholas J Gower
- International Research Center for Elements Science, Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan and Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Paul Cogswell
- International Research Center for Elements Science, Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan and Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Jan Geldsetzer
- International Research Center for Elements Science, Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan and Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Hikaru Takaya
- International Research Center for Elements Science, Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan and Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Katsuhiro Isozaki
- International Research Center for Elements Science, Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan and Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Masaharu Nakamura
- International Research Center for Elements Science, Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan and Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yang S, Jiang WT, Xiao B. Tertiary cyclopropyl carbagermatranes: synthesis and cross-coupling. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:8143-8146. [PMID: 34318815 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02930d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The construction of the cyclopropyl quaternary carbon center can afford a series of 1,1-olefin bioisosteres. Here, we report tertiary cyclopropyl carbagermatranes, which can be easily obtained by the zinc-mediated decarboxylation of NHP esters. In addition, they exhibit efficient reactivity in the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction and orthogonal reactivity with boron reagents, therefore acting as robust nucleophiles for the synthesis of tertiary cyclopropane and efficient intermediates for the formation of quaternary centers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Song B, Zhang D, Xiao S, Liu C, Chen H, Qi Y, Liu Y. Access to Diarylmethanol Skeletons via a Samarium/Copper-Mediated Sequential Three-Component C-H Functionalization Reaction. J Org Chem 2021; 86:9854-9860. [PMID: 34232043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel three-component reaction was developed via a one-pot strategy for the construction of diarylmethanol esters by using a halobenzene and an ester in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) under mild conditions. The reaction involves the direct functionalization of halobenzene under the Sm-CuI catalyst system. It was proved that 10% (mol) of CuI is sufficient to realize the reductive coupling reaction. Influences of substituents were illustrated from both electronic and steric effects. The reaction mechanism was also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Song
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Dianming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Shuhuan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Hongping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Corpas J, Mauleón P, Arrayás RG, Carretero JC. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Functionalization of Alkynes with Organoboron Reagents: New Trends, Mechanistic Insights, and Applications. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Corpas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Mauleón
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Gómez Arrayás
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan C. Carretero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cohen Y, Augustin AU, Levy L, Jones PG, Werz DB, Marek I. Regio- and Diastereoselective Copper-Catalyzed Carbomagnesiation for the Synthesis of Penta- and Hexa-Substituted Cyclopropanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11804-11808. [PMID: 33742749 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Despite the highly strained nature of cyclopropanes possessing three vicinal quaternary carbon stereocenters, the regio- and diastereoselective copper-catalyzed carbomagnesiation reaction of cyclopropenes provides an easy and efficient access to these novel persubstituted cyclopropyl cores with a complete regio- and diastereoselectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yair Cohen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
| | - André U Augustin
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
| | - Laura Levy
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
| | - Peter G Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ilan Marek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cohen Y, Augustin AU, Levy L, Jones PG, Werz DB, Marek I. Regio‐ and Diastereoselective Copper‐Catalyzed Carbomagnesiation for the Synthesis of Penta‐ and Hexa‐Substituted Cyclopropanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yair Cohen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200009 Israel
| | - André U. Augustin
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200009 Israel
| | - Laura Levy
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200009 Israel
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Ilan Marek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200009 Israel
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liu B, Peng G, Zhang Y, Liu C, Zhao J. Cu-Catalyzed cis-selective ring-opening cross-coupling of an oxabicyclic olefin with an organoboron reagent. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1493-1497. [PMID: 33527952 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02557g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Cu(i)-catalyzed ring-opening cross-coupling of an oxabicyclic olefin with an organoboron reagent provides access to cis-2-aryl-1,2-dihydronaphthalen-1-ol derivatives, in contrast to the exclusive trans-selectivity in related Cu-catalyzed reactions with Grignard reagents. DFT calculations suggest that the reaction possibly proceeds via boronic ester by-product assisted ring-opening as an alternative pathway to the canonical β-oxygen elimination as the rate-determining step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Guochun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecule Design and Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecule Design and Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P. R. China
| | - Chunhui Liu
- College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang, Henan 461000, P. R. China and College of Chemistry and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou Univeristy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jinbo Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, Okhla New Delhi 110025 India
| | - Rafia Siddiqui
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, Okhla New Delhi 110025 India
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yu X, Zheng H, Zhao H, Lee BC, Koh MJ. Iron‐Catalyzed Regioselective Alkenylboration of Olefins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Yu
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 12 Science Drive 2 117549 Singapore Republic of Singapore
| | - Hongling Zheng
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 12 Science Drive 2 117549 Singapore Republic of Singapore
| | - Haonan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 12 Science Drive 2 117549 Singapore Republic of Singapore
| | - Boon Chong Lee
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 12 Science Drive 2 117549 Singapore Republic of Singapore
| | - Ming Joo Koh
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 12 Science Drive 2 117549 Singapore Republic of Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Matsubara S, Yoshino N, Sharewa B, Ikeda Z. Preparation of 2-Aryl-3-silyl- and 2-Aryl-3-germyl-1,3-butadienes via Arylnickelation and Zinciomethylation. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/com-20-s(k)36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
43
|
John SE, Gulati S, Shankaraiah N. Recent advances in multi-component reactions and their mechanistic insights: a triennium review. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01480j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the recent developments in MCRs, incorporating different strategies along with their mechanistic aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephy Elza John
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad – 500 037
- India
| | - Shivani Gulati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad – 500 037
- India
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad – 500 037
- India
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Treatment of bis(pyrazolyl)borate ligand supported [(CF3)2Bp]Cu(NCMe) with 1,2,3-trisubstituted cyclopropenes produced thermally stable copper(I) η2-cyclopropene complexes amenable to detailed solution and solid-state analysis. The [(CF3)2Bp]Cu(NCMe) also catalyzed [2 + 1]-cycloaddition chemistry of terminal and internal alkynes with ethyl diazoacetate affording cyclopropenes, including those used as ligands in this work. The tris(pyrazolyl)borate [(CF3)2Tp]Cu(NCMe) is a competent catalyst for this process as well. The treatment of [(CF3)2Tp]Cu with ethyl 2,3-diethylcycloprop-2-enecarboxylate substrate gave an O-bonded rather than a η2-cyclopropene copper complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Noonikara-Poyil
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019-0065, United States
| | - Shawn G Ridlen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019-0065, United States
| | - H V Rasika Dias
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019-0065, United States
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yu X, Zheng H, Zhao H, Lee BC, Koh MJ. Iron‐Catalyzed Regioselective Alkenylboration of Olefins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2104-2109. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Yu
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 12 Science Drive 2 117549 Singapore Republic of Singapore
| | - Hongling Zheng
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 12 Science Drive 2 117549 Singapore Republic of Singapore
| | - Haonan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 12 Science Drive 2 117549 Singapore Republic of Singapore
| | - Boon Chong Lee
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 12 Science Drive 2 117549 Singapore Republic of Singapore
| | - Ming Joo Koh
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 12 Science Drive 2 117549 Singapore Republic of Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kou L, Dai P, Bao X. Mechanistic Insights into the Rh(I)/Rh
2
(II)‐Catalyzed Divergent Ring‐Opening of Cyclopropenes: A Computational Study. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Kou
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Industrial Park Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P.R. China
| | - Ping Dai
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Industrial Park Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P.R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Bao
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Industrial Park Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Prasad Raiguru B, Nayak S, Ranjan Mishra D, Das T, Mohapatra S, Priyadarsini Mishra N. Synthetic Applications of Cyclopropene and Cyclopropenone: Recent Progress and Developments. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabita Nayak
- Department of ChemistryRavenshaw University Cuttack Odisha India
| | | | - Tapaswini Das
- Department of ChemistryRavenshaw University Cuttack Odisha India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Cohen Y, Cohen A, Marek I. Creating Stereocenters within Acyclic Systems by C–C Bond Cleavage of Cyclopropanes. Chem Rev 2020; 121:140-161. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yair Cohen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion − Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200009, Israel
| | - Anthony Cohen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion − Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200009, Israel
| | - Ilan Marek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion − Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200009, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Vicente R. C–C Bond Cleavages of Cyclopropenes: Operating for Selective Ring-Opening Reactions. Chem Rev 2020; 121:162-226. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Vicente
- Facultad de Quı́mica, Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto de Quı́mica Organometálica Enrique Moles, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Tamura Y, Minami Y, Nishiyama Y, Sakata Y, Karaki F, Hosoya T, Yoshida S. Synthesis of multisubstituted cycloalkenes through carbomagnesiation of strained cycloalkynes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:7147-7150. [PMID: 32462168 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02788j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthetic method of seven- and six-membered cycloalkenes through the generation of strained cycloalkynes and following carbomagnesiation is described. Further bond formations of the resulting cycloalkenylmagnesium intermediates with a wide variety of electrophiles enabled us to prepare diverse cycloalkene derivatives including benzoxepine analogs having a fully substituted alkene structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Tamura
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
| | - Yasunori Minami
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
| | - Yoshitake Nishiyama
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
| | - Yuki Sakata
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
| | - Fumika Karaki
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
| | - Takamitsu Hosoya
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
| | - Suguru Yoshida
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|