1
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Page CG, Cao J, Oblinsky DG, MacMillan SN, Dahagam S, Lloyd RM, Charnock SJ, Scholes GD, Hyster TK. Regioselective Radical Alkylation of Arenes Using Evolved Photoenzymes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:11866-11874. [PMID: 37199445 PMCID: PMC10859869 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Substituted arenes are ubiquitous in molecules with medicinal functions, making their synthesis a critical consideration when designing synthetic routes. Regioselective C-H functionalization reactions are attractive for preparing alkylated arenes; however, the selectivity of existing methods is modest and primarily governed by the substrate's electronic properties. Here, we demonstrate a biocatalyst-controlled method for the regioselective alkylation of electron-rich and electron-deficient heteroarenes. Starting from an unselective "ene"-reductase (ERED) (GluER-T36A), we evolved a variant that selectively alkylates the C4 position of indole, an elusive position using prior technologies. Mechanistic studies across the evolutionary series indicate that changes to the protein active site alter the electronic character of the charge transfer (CT) complex responsible for radical formation. This resulted in a variant with a significant degree of ground-state CT in the CT complex. Mechanistic studies on a C2-selective ERED suggest that the evolution of GluER-T36A helps disfavor a competing mechanistic pathway. Additional protein engineering campaigns were carried out for a C8-selective quinoline alkylation. This study highlights the opportunity to use enzymes for regioselective radical reactions, where small molecule catalysts struggle to alter selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire G. Page
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Jingzhe Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Daniel G. Oblinsky
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Samantha N. MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Shiva Dahagam
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Ruth M. Lloyd
- Prozomix. Building 4, West End Ind. Estate, Haltwhistle, Northumberland, NE49 9HN (UK)
| | - Simon J. Charnock
- Prozomix. Building 4, West End Ind. Estate, Haltwhistle, Northumberland, NE49 9HN (UK)
| | - Gregory D. Scholes
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Todd K. Hyster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
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2
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Wu C, Ying T, Yang X, Su W, Dushkin AV, Yu J. Mechanochemical Magnesium-Mediated Minisci C-H Alkylation of Pyrimidines with Alkyl Bromides and Chlorides. Org Lett 2021; 23:6423-6428. [PMID: 34351160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel method to synthesize 4-alkylpyrimidines by the mechanochemical magnesium-mediated Minisci reaction of pyrimidine derivatives and alkyl halides has been reported. The reaction process operates with a broad substrate scope and excellent regioselectivity under mild conditions with no requirement of transition-metal catalysts, solvents, and inert gas protection. The practicality of this protocol has been demonstrated by the up-scale synthesis, mechanochemical product derivatization, and antimalarial drug pyrimethamine preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology. Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Tao Ying
- National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology. Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Xinjie Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology. Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Weike Su
- National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology. Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Alexandr V Dushkin
- National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology. Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
- Institute of Solid-State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Novosibirsk 630128, Russia
| | - Jingbo Yu
- National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology. Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
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3
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Nie G, Dai Y, Xie J, Zhang X, Pan L, Zou JJ. Improving low-temperature properties of lignin-derived jet-fuel-ranged hydrocarbons via hydroisomerization. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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4
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Shi X, Xu W, Wang R, Zeng X, Qiu H, Wang M. Ketone-Directed Cobalt(III)-Catalyzed Regioselective C2 Amidation of Indoles. J Org Chem 2020; 85:3911-3920. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxia Shi
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiyan Xu
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongchao Wang
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Zeng
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huayu Qiu
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Hilgeroth A, Yasrebi K, Suzen S, Hertlein T, Ohlsen K, Lalk M. Antibacterial Evaluation of Novel Substituted Cycloheptaindoles in Staphylococcus and Enterococcus Strains. Med Chem 2019; 15:833-839. [DOI: 10.2174/1573406415666190208170126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Due to emerging resistances against antibiotics there is a strong need to
find novel antibacterial agents with a novel structure to prevent early resistance developments.
Objective:
Bisindole compounds with antibacterial activities which formally result from the reaction
of an aldehyde with indole motivated to investigate the reaction of a dialdehyde and indole to
give novel structures with potential antibacterial activities.
Methods:
Compounds were yielded by chemical synthesis and purified using column chromatography.
The antibacterial activity was determined as minimal inhibitory growth activity in cultures
of Gram-positive strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus species.
Results:
Cyclohepta[2,3-b]indoles have been yielded in a one-step reaction procedure with indole
substitutions at the cycloheptane central core matching a solution for achieving fused novel cycloalkane
indoles with functionalized residues of promising biological activity. So far fused cycloalkane
indoles have not been available in a one-step procedure and moreover, core functionalizations
have been additional challenges. Various indole substitutions have been done to provide a
first set of compounds.
Conclusion:
Substituent-dependent effects have been suggested to influence the antibacterial activity
and first compounds were identified with specific Staphylococcus activities and Enterococcus
species effects towards Enterococcus faecalis as critical pathogens in the hospital with upcoming
resistances against standard antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hilgeroth
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Kaveh Yasrebi
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Sibel Suzen
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department Tandogan, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tobias Hertlein
- Institute of Molecular Infection Biology, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Wuerzbug, Germany
| | - Knut Ohlsen
- Institute of Molecular Infection Biology, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Wuerzbug, Germany
| | - Michael Lalk
- Institute of Biochemistry, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
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6
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Liang D, Huo B, Dong Y, Wang Y, Dong Y, Wang B, Ma Y. Copper-Catalyzed Alkylarylation of Unactivated Alkenes: Synthesis of 3-Alkyl Indolines from N-Allyl Anilines and Alkanes. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:1932-1936. [PMID: 31046195 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A rare example of C(sp3 )-H functionalization of simple alkanes with unactivated alkenes is presented. In the presence of a copper salt and di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP), N-allyl anilines underwent exo-selective alkylation/cyclization cascade with unactivated alkenic bonds as radical acceptors and simple alkanes as radical precursors, providing a direct access to 3-alkyl indolines. The present protocol features simple operation, broad substrate scope and great exo selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deqiang Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Kunming University, 2 Puxin Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650214, China
| | - Bojie Huo
- Department of Chemistry, Kunming University, 2 Puxin Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650214, China
| | - Yongrui Dong
- Department of Chemistry, Kunming University, 2 Puxin Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650214, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Kunming University, 2 Puxin Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650214, China
| | - Ying Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250014, China
| | - Baoling Wang
- Yunnan Engineering Technology Research Center for Plastic Films, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650214, China
| | - Yinhai Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Kunming University, 2 Puxin Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650214, China
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7
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Evano G, Theunissen C. Beyond Friedel and Crafts: Innate Alkylation of C−H Bonds in Arenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:7558-7598. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201806631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gwilherm Evano
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et Physico-Chimie OrganiquesUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/06 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Cédric Theunissen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et Physico-Chimie OrganiquesUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/06 1050 Brussels Belgium
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8
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Evano G, Theunissen C. Jenseits von Friedel und Crafts: immanente Alkylierung von C‐H‐Bindungen in Arenen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201806631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gwilherm Evano
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et Physico-Chimie OrganiquesUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/06 1050 Brüssel Belgien
| | - Cédric Theunissen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et Physico-Chimie OrganiquesUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/06 1050 Brüssel Belgien
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9
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Li JF, Zhao RF, Zhou FQ, She MY, Zhang J, Yin B, Zhang SY, Li JL. Exploring the necessity of an acidic additive for Pd(ii)-catalyzed exclusive C4-fluoroalkylation of 3-acetylindole: a detailed DFT study on the mechanism and regioselectivity. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo01338a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The regioselectivity of Pd(ii)-catalyzed exclusive C4-fluoroalkylation of 3-acetylindole arises from the transfer of electron density from the substrate to the catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Feng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- China
| | - Ru-Fang Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- China
| | - Fu-Qiang Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- China
| | - Meng-Yao She
- MOE Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- China
| | - Jun Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- China
| | - Bing Yin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- China
| | - Sheng-Yong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- China
| | - Jian-Li Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- China
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10
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Li PG, Yang Y, Zhu S, Li HX, Zou LH. Pd-Catalyzed Regioselective Direct Double C-H Arylation of 6,7-Benzindoles. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Gui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Xianlin Avenue 163 210093 Nanjing P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Jiangnan University; Lihu Avenue 1800 214122 Wuxi P.R. China
| | - Youqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Xianlin Avenue 163 210093 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Jiangnan University; Lihu Avenue 1800 214122 Wuxi P.R. China
| | - Hong-Xi Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Jiangnan University; Lihu Avenue 1800 214122 Wuxi P.R. China
| | - Liang-Hua Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Jiangnan University; Lihu Avenue 1800 214122 Wuxi P.R. China
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11
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Kalepu J, Gandeepan P, Ackermann L, Pilarski LT. C4-H indole functionalisation: precedent and prospects. Chem Sci 2018; 9:4203-4216. [PMID: 29780550 PMCID: PMC5944383 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc05336c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
C4-decorated indoles feature in a plethora of bioactive and functional compounds of importance to natural product synthesis, material sciences, as well as crop protection and pharmaceutical industries. Traditionally, their syntheses largely involved harsh stoichiometric metalations and radical reactions. However, transition metal catalysed C-H activation has recently evolved into a powerful strategy for the late-stage diversification of indoles at the C4-H position. Modern photoredox, enzymatic and precious transition metal catalysis represent the key stimuli for developing challenging C-C and C-Het bond forming transformations under mild reaction conditions. Herein, we discuss the evolution and application of these methods for the step-economical transformations of otherwise inert C4-H bonds up to December 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagadeesh Kalepu
- Department of Chemistry - BMC , Uppsala University , Box 576 , 75-123 Uppsala , Sweden . ; https://www.pilarskigroup.org/
| | - Parthasarathy Gandeepan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Goettingen , Germany .
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Goettingen , Germany .
| | - Lukasz T Pilarski
- Department of Chemistry - BMC , Uppsala University , Box 576 , 75-123 Uppsala , Sweden . ; https://www.pilarskigroup.org/
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12
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Quattrini MC, Fujii S, Yamada K, Fukuyama T, Ravelli D, Fagnoni M, Ryu I. Versatile cross-dehydrogenative coupling of heteroaromatics and hydrogen donors via decatungstate photocatalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:2335-2338. [PMID: 28164184 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09725a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A facile sunlight-induced derivatization of heteroaromatics via photocatalyzed C-H functionalization in amides, ethers, alkanes and aldehydes is described. Tetrabutylammonium decatungstate (TBADT) was used as the photocatalyst and allowed to carry out the process under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo C Quattrini
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Saki Fujii
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Keiichi Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Takahide Fukuyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Davide Ravelli
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Ilhyong Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan. and Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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13
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Nabi AA, Liyu J, Lindsay AC, Sperry J. C4−H alkoxylation of 6-bromoindole and its application to the synthesis of breitfussin B. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Abstract
Among organic compounds hydrocarbons are inexpensive and possibly the most abundant among natural resources. Developing strategies for selective functionalisation of inert hydrocarbon C-H bonds is one of the most ideal synthetic paths that a synthetic chemist could think of. This critical review focuses on the recent development of various directed and non-directed cycloalkylations leading to the formation of carbon-carbon (C-C) and carbon-heteroatom (C-X) bonds. Apart from various transition metal catalysed cycloalkylations, this review also covers various metal-free cycloalkylation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.
| | - Satavisha Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.
| | - Bhisma K Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.
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15
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Yuan J, Fu J, Yin J, Dong Z, Xiao Y, Mao P, Qu L. Transition-metal-free direct C-3 alkylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with ethers. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00731d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An efficient protocol for the synthesis of 3-alkyl quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones has been developed via the transition-metal-free cross-coupling reaction of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with ethers with moderate to good yields under relatively mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Yuan
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Henan University of Technology; Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Junhao Fu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Henan University of Technology; Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Jihong Yin
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Henan University of Technology; Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Dong
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Henan University of Technology; Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Yongmei Xiao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Henan University of Technology; Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Pu Mao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Henan University of Technology; Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Lingbo Qu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Henan University of Technology; Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
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16
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Jafarpour F, Darvishmolla M. Peroxy mediated Csp2–Csp3 dehydrogenative coupling: regioselective functionalization of coumarins and coumarin-3-carboxylic acids. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:3396-3401. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02771k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Regioselective functionalization of coumarins/coumarin carboxylic acids at C-3 via activation of Csp3–H bonds of ethers under metal-free conditions is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Jafarpour
- School of Chemistry
- College of Science
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
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17
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Wang CS, Wu XF, Dixneuf PH, Soulé JF. Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative Dehydrogenative C(sp 3 )-H Bond Amination of (Cyclo)Alkanes using NH-Heterocycles as Amine Sources. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:3075-3082. [PMID: 28612980 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed oxidative C(sp3 )-H/N-H coupling of NH-heterocycles with affordable (cyclo)alkanes has been developed. This procedure involves C(sp3 )-N bond formation through a radical pathway generated by homolytic cleavage of di-tert-butyl peroxide and trapping of the radical(s) by copper catalysts. The reaction tolerates a series of functional groups, such as bromo, fluoro, ester, ketone, nitrile, methyl, and methoxy. free-NH-containing indoles, pyrroles, pyrazoles, indazoles, and benzotriazoles are successfully N-alkylated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Sheng Wang
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes, "Organométalliques: Matériaux et Catalyse", Campus de Beaulieu, 35042, Rennes, France
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Pierre H Dixneuf
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes, "Organométalliques: Matériaux et Catalyse", Campus de Beaulieu, 35042, Rennes, France
| | - Jean-François Soulé
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes, "Organométalliques: Matériaux et Catalyse", Campus de Beaulieu, 35042, Rennes, France
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18
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Wang J, Sang R, Chong X, Zhao Y, Fan W, Li Z, Zhao J. Copper-catalyzed radical cascade oxyalkylation of olefinic amides with simple alkanes: highly efficient access to benzoxazines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:7961-7964. [PMID: 28660972 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc04213b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed C(sp3)-H bond functionalization of simple alkanes with olefinic amides was developed for the efficient synthesis of important benzoxazine derivatives. It involves new C-C and C-O bond formation in one step via a radical cascade process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, P. R. China.
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Teng F, Cheng J. Functionalization of Cyclohexane Derivatives via Oxidative Radical Pathway. CHINESE J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201600538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Teng
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering; Changzhou University; Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 China
| | - Jiang Cheng
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering; Changzhou University; Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 China
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Demissie TB, Hansen JH. Synergy between experimental and computational approaches to homogeneous photoredox catalysis. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:10878-82. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01497f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this Frontiers article, we highlight how state-of-the-art density functional theory calculations can contribute to the field of homogeneous photoredox catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taye B. Demissie
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway
- N-9037 Tromsø
- Norway
| | - Jørn H. Hansen
- Department of Chemistry
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway
- N-9037 Tromsø
- Norway
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