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Manoharan D, Wang LC, Chen YC, Li WP, Yeh CS. Catalytic Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications: Exploiting Advanced Nanozymes for Therapeutics and Diagnostics. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400746. [PMID: 38683107 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Catalytic nanoparticles (CNPs) as heterogeneous catalyst reveals superior activity due to their physio-chemical features, such as high surface-to-volume ratio and unique optical, electric, and magnetic properties. The CNPs, based on their physio-chemical nature, can either increase the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level for tumor and antibacterial therapy or eliminate the ROS for cytoprotection, anti-inflammation, and anti-aging. In addition, the catalytic activity of nanozymes can specifically trigger a specific reaction accompanied by the optical feature change, presenting the feasibility of biosensor and bioimaging applications. Undoubtedly, CNPs play a pivotal role in pushing the evolution of technologies in medical and clinical fields, and advanced strategies and nanomaterials rely on the input of chemical experts to develop. Herein, a systematic and comprehensive review of the challenges and recent development of CNPs for biomedical applications is presented from the viewpoint of advanced nanomaterial with unique catalytic activity and additional functions. Furthermore, the biosafety issue of applying biodegradable and non-biodegradable nanozymes and future perspectives are critically discussed to guide a promising direction in developing span-new nanozymes and more intelligent strategies for overcoming the current clinical limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divinah Manoharan
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Material and Medicinal Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Liu-Chun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
- Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Peng Li
- Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Sheng Yeh
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Material and Medicinal Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
- Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
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Wu L, Yang F, Xue Y, Gu R, Liu H, Xia D, Liu Y. The biological functions of europium-containing biomaterials: A systematic review. Mater Today Bio 2023; 19:100595. [PMID: 36910271 PMCID: PMC9996443 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological functions of rare-earth elements (REEs) have become a focus of intense research. Recent studies have demonstrated that ion doping or alloying of some REEs can optimize the properties of traditional biomaterials. Europium (Eu), which is an REE with low toxicity and good biocompatibility, has promising applications in biomedicine. This article systematically reviews the osteogenic, angiogenic, neuritogenic, antibacterial, and anti-tumor properties of Eu-containing biomaterials, thereby paving the way for biomedical applications of Eu. Data collection for this review was completed in October 2022, and 30 relevant articles were finally included. Most articles indicated that doping of Eu ions or Eu-compound nanoparticles in biomaterials can improve their osteogenic, angiogenic, neuritogenic, antibacterial, and anti-tumor properties. The angiogenic, antibacterial, and potential neuritogenic effects of Eu(OH)3 nanoparticles have also been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likun Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yijia Xue
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ranli Gu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dandan Xia
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
- Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Corresponding author. Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yunsong Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
- Corresponding author. Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Cai Z, Guo Z, Yang C, Wang F, Zhang P, Wang Y, Guo M, Wang Z, Huang J, Zhang L. Surface Biofunctionalization of Gadolinium Phosphate Nanobunches for Boosting Osteogenesis/Chondrogenesis Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032032. [PMID: 36768355 PMCID: PMC9917229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to achieve smart biomedical micro/nanomaterials, promote interaction with biomolecules, improve osteogenic/chondrogenic differentiation, exhibit better dispersion in bone implants and ultimately maximize functionality, we innovatively and successfully designed and synthesized polymer PBLG-modified GdPO4·H2O nanobunches by hydroxylation, silylation and glutamylation processes. The effects of different feeding ratios on the surface coating of GdPO4·H2O with Si-OH, the grafting γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS) and the in situ ring-opening polymerization reaction of poly(g-benzyl-L-glutamate) (PBLG) were investigated, and the physical and chemical properties were characterized in detail. When GdPO4·H2O@SiO2-APS:NCA = 4:1, the PBLG-g-GdPO4·H2O grafting rate was 5.93%, with good stability and dispersion in degradable polymeric materials. However, the MRI imaging signal was sequentially weakened as the modification process proceeded. Despite this, the biological effects had surprising findings. All the modifiers at appropriate concentrations were biocompatible and biologically active and the biomacromolecules of COL I and COL II in particular were expressed at least 3 times higher in GdPO4·H2O@SiO2 compared to the PLGA. This indicates that the appropriate surface modification and functionalization of gadolinium-containing micro/nanomaterials can promote interaction with cells and encourage bone regeneration by regulating biomacromolecules and can be used in the field of biomedical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxing Cai
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
- School of Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ziyi Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
- School of Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chaohui Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
- School of Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
- School of Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Peibiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Min Guo
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zongliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jing Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
- School of Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Long Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (L.Z.)
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Girija AR, Balasubramanian S, Cowin AJ. Nanomaterials-based drug delivery approaches for wound healing. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:711-726. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220328121211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process that requires intricate synchronization between multiple cell types within appropriate extracellular microenvironment. Wound healing process involves four overlapping phases in a precisely regulated manner, consisting of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and maturation. For an effective wound healing all four phases must follow in a sequential pattern within a time frame. Several factors might interfere with one or more of these phases in healing process, thus causing improper or impaired wound healing resulting in non-healing chronic wounds. The complications associated with chronic non-healing wounds, along with the limitations of existing wound therapies, have led to the development and emergence of novel and innovative therapeutic interventions. Nanotechnology presents unique and alternative approaches to accelerate the healing of chronic wounds by the interaction of nanomaterials during different phases of wound healing. This review focuses on recent innovative nanotechnology-based strategies for wound healing and tissue regeneration based on nanomaterials, including nanoparticles, nanocomposites and scaffolds. The efficacy of the intrinsic therapeutic potential of nanomaterials (including silver, gold, zinc oxide, copper, cerium oxide, etc.) and the ability of nanomaterials as carriers (liposomes, hydrogels, polymeric nanomaterials, nanofibers) as therapeutic agents associated with wound-healing applications have also been addressed. The significance of these nanomaterial-based therapeutic interventions for wound healing needs to be highlighted to engage researchers and clinicians towards this new and exciting area of bio-nanoscience. We believe that these recent developments will offer researchers an updated source on the use of nanomaterials as an advanced approach to improve wound healing.
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Markiewicz R, Litowczenko J, Gapiński J, Woźniak A, Jurga S, Patkowski A. Nanomolar Nitric Oxide Concentrations in Living Cells Measured by Means of Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27031010. [PMID: 35164275 PMCID: PMC8838662 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Measurement of the nitric oxide (NO) concentration in living cells in the physiological nanomolar range is crucial in understanding NO biochemical functions, as well as in characterizing the efficiency and kinetics of NO delivery by NO-releasing drugs. Here, we show that fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is perfectly suited for these purposes, due to its sensitivity, selectivity, and spatial resolution. Using the fluorescent indicators, diaminofluoresceins (DAFs), and FCS, we measured the NO concentrations in NO-producing living human primary endothelial cells, as well as NO delivery kinetics, by an external NO donor to the immortal human epithelial living cells. Due to the high spatial resolution of FCS, the NO concentration in different parts of the cells were also measured. The detection of nitric oxide by means of diaminofluoresceins is much more efficient and faster in living cells than in PBS solutions, even though the conversion to the fluorescent form is a multi-step reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roksana Markiewicz
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (A.W.); (S.J.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (J.L.)
| | - Jagoda Litowczenko
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (A.W.); (S.J.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (J.L.)
| | - Jacek Gapiński
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Anna Woźniak
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (A.W.); (S.J.); (A.P.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznan, Poland
| | - Stefan Jurga
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (A.W.); (S.J.); (A.P.)
| | - Adam Patkowski
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (A.W.); (S.J.); (A.P.)
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
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Natarajan D, Ye Z, Wang L, Ge L, Pathak JL. Rare earth smart nanomaterials for bone tissue engineering and implantology: Advances, challenges, and prospects. Bioeng Transl Med 2022; 7:e10262. [PMID: 35111954 PMCID: PMC8780931 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone grafts or prosthetic implant designing for clinical application is challenging due to the complexity of integrated physiological processes. The revolutionary advances of nanotechnology in the biomaterial field expedite and endorse the current unresolved complexity in functional bone graft and implant design. Rare earth (RE) materials are emerging biomaterials in tissue engineering due to their unique biocompatibility, fluorescence upconversion, antimicrobial, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory properties. Researchers have developed various RE smart nano-biomaterials for bone tissue engineering and implantology applications in the past two decades. Furthermore, researchers have explored the molecular mechanisms of RE material-mediated tissue regeneration. Recent advances in biomedical applications of micro or nano-scale RE materials have provided a foundation for developing novel, cost-effective bone tissue engineering strategies. This review attempted to provide an overview of RE nanomaterials' technological innovations in bone tissue engineering and implantology and summarized the osteogenic, angiogenic, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, in vivo bone tissue imaging, and antimicrobial properties of various RE nanomaterials, as well as the molecular mechanisms involved in these biological events. Further, we extend to discuss the challenges and prospects of RE smart nano-biomaterials in the field of bone tissue engineering and implantology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duraipandy Natarajan
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhitong Ye
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Liping Wang
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Linhu Ge
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Janak Lal Pathak
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
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Shih KY, Yu SC. Microwave-Assisted Rapid Synthesis of Eu(OH) 3/RGO Nanocomposites and Enhancement of Their Antibacterial Activity against Escherichia coli. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 15:43. [PMID: 35009189 PMCID: PMC8745867 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials with high antibacterial activity and low cytotoxicity have attracted extensive attention from scientists. In this study, europium (III) hydroxide (Eu(OH)3)/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanocomposites were synthesized using a rapid, one-step method, and their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) was investigated using the synergistic effect of the antibacterial activity between Eu and graphene oxide (GO). The Eu(OH)3/RGO nanocomposites were prepared using a microwave-assisted synthesis method and characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Raman sprectroscopy and X-ray diffraction confirmed the pure hexagonal phase structure of the nanocomposites. Further, the antibacterial properties of Eu(OH)3/RGO were investigated using the minimum inhibitory concentration assay, colony counting method, inhibition zone diameter, and optical density measurements. The results revealed that the Eu(OH)3/RGO exhibited a superior inhibition effect against E. coli and a larger inhibition zone diameter compared to RGO and Eu(OH)3. Further, the reusability test revealed that Eu(OH)3/RGO nanocomposite retained above 98% of its bacterial inhibition effect after seven consecutive applications. The high antibacterial activity of the Eu(OH)3/RGO nanocomposite could be attributed to the release of Eu3+ ions from the nanocomposite and the sharp edge of RGO. These results indicated the potential bactericidal applications of the Eu(OH)3/RGO nanocomposite.
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Londhe S, Patra CR. Biomedical applications of europium hydroxide nanorods. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 17:5-8. [PMID: 34873917 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Swapnali Londhe
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, UP, India
| | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, UP, India
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Li T, Zhang T. The Application of Nanomaterials in Angiogenesis. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 16:74-82. [PMID: 32066364 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x15666200211102203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Induction of angiogenesis has enormous potential in the treatment of ischemic diseases and
the promotion of bulk tissue regeneration. However, the poor activity of angiogenic cells and proangiogenic
factors after transplantation is the main problem that imposes its wide applications. Recent
studies have found that the development of nanomaterials has solved this problem to some extent.
Nanomaterials can be mainly classified into inorganic nanomaterials represented by metals, metal oxides
and metal hydroxides, and organic nanomaterials including DNA tetrahedrons, graphene, graphene
oxide, and carbon nanotubes. These nanomaterials can induce the release of angiogenic factors
either directly or indirectly, thereby initiating a series of signaling pathways to induce angiogenesis.
Moreover, appropriate surface modifications of nanomaterial facilitate a variety of functions, such as
enhancing its biocompatibility and biostability. In clinical applications, nanomaterials can promote the
proliferation and differentiation of endothelial cells or mesenchymal stem cells, thereby promoting the
migration of hemangioblast cells to form new blood vessels. This review outlines the role of nanomaterials
in angiogenesis and is intended to provide new insights into the clinical treatment of systemic
and ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Pathak P, Shukla P, Kanshana JS, Jagavelu K, Sangwan NS, Dwivedi AK, Dikshit M. Standardized root extract of Withania somnifera and Withanolide A exert moderate vasorelaxant effect in the rat aortic rings by enhancing nitric oxide generation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 278:114296. [PMID: 34090907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, commonly known as Ashwagandha, belongs to the family Solanaceae. In Ayurveda, Ashwagandha has been defined as one of the most important herb and is considered to be the best adaptogen. It is also an excellent rejuvenator, a general health tonic and cure for various disorders such as cerebrovascular, insomnia, asthma, ulcers, etc. Steroidal lactones (Withanolides: Withanolide A, Withaferin A, Withanolide D, Withanone, etc) isolated from this plant, possess promising medicinal properties such as anti-inflammatory, immune-stimulatory etc. Standardized root extract of the plant NMITLI-118R (NM) was prepared at CSIR-CIMAP, and was investigated for various biological activities at CSIR-CDRI. Among the notable medicinal properties, NM exhibited excellent neuroprotective activity in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model. AIM OF THE STUDY Endothelial dysfunction is the primary event in the cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disorders, present study was thus undertaken to evaluate vasoprotective potential of NM and its biomarker compound Withanolide A (WA) using rat aortic rings and EA.hy926 endothelial cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS Transverse aortic rings of 10 weeks old Wistar rats were used to evaluate effect of NM and WA on the vasoreactivity. While, mechanism of NM and WA mediated vasorelaxant was investigated in Ea.hy926 cell line by measuring NO generation, nitrite content, Serine 1177 phosphorylation of eNOS, reduced/oxidized biopterin levels and expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mRNA and protein. RESULTS Fingerprinting of NM using HPLC identified presence of WA in the extract. NM as well as WA exerted moderate vasorelaxant effect in the endothelium intact rat aortic rings which was lesser than acetylcholine (ACh). NM and WA augmented ACh induced relaxation in the rat aortic rings. NM and WA dependent vasorelaxation was blocked by N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or 1H-[1,2,4] oxadiazolo [4,3,-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), indicating role of NO/cGMP. Further Ea.hy926 cells treated with NM and WA showed accumulation of nitrite content, enhanced NO levels, eNOS expression and eNOS phosphorylation (Serine 1177). CONCLUSION Altogether NM and WA dependent improvement in the NO availability seems to be mediated by the enhanced eNOS phosphorylation. WA, seems to be one of the active constituent of NM, and presence of other vasoactive substances cannot be ruled out. The data obtained imply that the vasorelaxant property of NM is beneficial for its neuroprotective potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Pathak
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, 110001, India.
| | - Prachi Shukla
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Jitendra S Kanshana
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Kumaravelu Jagavelu
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Neelam S Sangwan
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India.
| | - Anil K Dwivedi
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Madhu Dikshit
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Tanslational Health Science and Technology, Faridabad, 121001, India.
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Nethi SK, Barui AK, Jhelum P, Basuthakur P, Bollu VS, Reddy BR, Chakravarty S, Patra CR. Europium Hydroxide Nanorods Mitigate Hind Limb Ischemia in Wistar Rats. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susheel Kumar Nethi
- Department of Applied Biology CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Uppal Road, Tarnaka Hyderabad Telangana 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad UP 201002 India
| | - Ayan Kumar Barui
- Department of Applied Biology CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Uppal Road, Tarnaka Hyderabad Telangana 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad UP 201002 India
| | - Priya Jhelum
- Department of Applied Biology CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Uppal Road, Tarnaka Hyderabad Telangana 500007 India
| | - Papia Basuthakur
- Department of Applied Biology CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Uppal Road, Tarnaka Hyderabad Telangana 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad UP 201002 India
| | - Vishnu Sravan Bollu
- Department of Applied Biology CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Uppal Road, Tarnaka Hyderabad Telangana 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad UP 201002 India
| | - Bommana Raghunath Reddy
- Department of Applied Biology CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Uppal Road, Tarnaka Hyderabad Telangana 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad UP 201002 India
| | - Sumana Chakravarty
- Department of Applied Biology CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Uppal Road, Tarnaka Hyderabad Telangana 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad UP 201002 India
| | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Department of Applied Biology CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Uppal Road, Tarnaka Hyderabad Telangana 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad UP 201002 India
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12
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Haque S, Patra CR. Nanoparticle-based angiogenesis for the recovery of heavy metal-induced vascular toxicity. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:351-354. [PMID: 33599546 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shagufta Haque
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP 201002, India
| | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP 201002, India
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13
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Roy A, Nethi SK, Suganya N, Raval M, Chatterjee S, Patra CR. Attenuation of cadmium-induced vascular toxicity by pro-angiogenic nanorods. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 115:111108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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14
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Das S, Roy A, Barui AK, Alabbasi MMA, Kuncha M, Sistla R, Sreedhar B, Patra CR. Anti-angiogenic vanadium pentoxide nanoparticles for the treatment of melanoma and their in vivo toxicity study. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:7604-7621. [PMID: 32232245 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00631a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent days, vanadium complexes and nanoparticles have received sustainable attention owing to their vast applications in different fields. In the present study, we report a facile approach for the synthesis of irregular dumbbell shaped vanadium pentoxide nanoparticles (V2O5 NPs: 30-60 nm) via the polyol-induced microwave irradiation process along with calcination. The as-synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using various physico-chemical techniques (e.g. XRD, TEM, FT-IR, DLS and XPS). The cell viability assay showed that V2O5 NPs could efficiently inhibit the proliferation of different cancer cells (B16F10, A549, and PANC1), depicting their anti-proliferative activity. However, V2O5 NPs did not exert significant cytotoxicity to the normal cells (CHO, HEK-293 and NRK-49F), suggesting their biocompatible nature. Interestingly, these nanoparticles inhibited the proliferation and migration of the endothelial cells (HUVECs and EA.hy926) and disrupted the blood vasculature in a chick embryo model, indicating their anti-angiogenic properties. The mechanistic study revealed that the effective internalization of V2O5 NPs generated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) which in turn up-regulated p53 protein and down-regulated survivin protein in cancer cells, leading to the apoptosis process. Furthermore, the administration of V2O5 NPs to melanoma bearing C57BL6/J mice significantly increased their survivability as compared to the control untreated tumor bearing mice, exhibiting the therapeutic potential of the nanoparticles against melanoma. Additionally, the in vivo toxicity study demonstrated no toxic effect in mice upon sub-chronic exposure to V2O5 NPs. Altogether, we strongly believe that V2O5 NPs could intrinsically provide a new direction for alternative therapeutic treatment strategies for melanoma and other cancers by employing their anti-angiogenic properties in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Das
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad - 500007, Telangana State, India.
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15
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Cui L, Liang J, Liu H, Zhang K, Li J. Nanomaterials for Angiogenesis in Skin Tissue Engineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 26:203-216. [PMID: 31964266 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Damage to skin tissue, which causes the disorder of the patient's body homeostasis, threatens the patient's life and increases the personal and social treatment burden. Angiogenesis, a key step in the wound healing process, provides sufficient oxygen and nutrients to the wound area. However, traditional clinical interventions are not enough to stabilize the formation of the vascular system to support wound healing. Due to the unique properties and multiple functions of nanomaterials, it has made a major breakthrough in the application of medicine. Nanomaterials provide a more effective treatment to hasten the angiogenesis and wound healing, by stimulating fundamental factors in the vascular regeneration phase. In the present review article, the basic stages and molecular mechanisms of angiogenesis are analyzed, and the types, applications, and prospects of nanomaterials used in angiogenesis are detailed. Impact statement Wound healing (especially chronic wounds) is currently a clinically important issue. The long-term nonhealing of chronic wounds often plagues patients, medical systems, and causes huge losses to the social economy. There is currently no effective method of treating chronic wounds in the clinic. Angiogenesis is an important step in wound healing. Nanomaterials had properties that are not found in conventional materials, and they have been extensively studied in angiogenesis. This review article provides readers with the molecular mechanisms of angiogenesis and the types and applications of angiogenic nanomaterials, hoping to bring inspiration to overcome chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong Cui
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiaheng Liang
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Han Liu
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingan Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloy, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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16
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Barui AK, Jhelum P, Nethi SK, Das T, Bhattacharya D, B V, Karri S, Chakravarty S, Patra CR. Potential Therapeutic Application of Zinc Oxide Nanoflowers in the Cerebral Ischemia Rat Model through Neuritogenic and Neuroprotective Properties. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:895-906. [PMID: 32050064 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Neuritogenesis, a complex process of the sprouting of neurites, plays a vital role in the structural and functional restoration of cerebral ischemia-injured neuronal tissue. Practically, there is no effective long-term treatment strategy for cerebral ischemia in clinical practice to date due to several limitations of conventional therapies, facilitating the urgency to develop new alternative therapeutic approaches. Herein, for the first time we report that pro-angiogenic nanomaterials, zinc oxide nanoflowers (ZONF), exhibit neuritogenic activity by elevating mRNA expression of different neurotrophins, following PI3K/Akt-MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. Further, ZONF administration to global cerebral ischemia-induced Fischer rats shows improved neurobehavior and enhanced synaptic plasticity of neurons via upregulation of Neurabin-2 and NT-3, revealing their neuroprotective activity. Altogether, this study offers the basis for exploitation of angio-neural cross talk of other pro-angiogenic nano/biomaterials for future advancement of alternative treatment strategies for cerebral ischemia, where neuritogenesis and neural repair are highly critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Kumar Barui
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Priya Jhelum
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Susheel Kumar Nethi
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Tapatee Das
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Dwaipayan Bhattacharya
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Vinothkumar B
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Shailaja Karri
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Sumana Chakravarty
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
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17
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Liu W, Zhang G, Wu J, Zhang Y, Liu J, Luo H, Shao L. Insights into the angiogenic effects of nanomaterials: mechanisms involved and potential applications. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:9. [PMID: 31918719 PMCID: PMC6950937 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-019-0570-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular system, which transports oxygen and nutrients, plays an important role in wound healing, cardiovascular disease treatment and bone tissue engineering. Angiogenesis is a complex and delicate regulatory process. Vascular cells, the extracellular matrix (ECM) and angiogenic factors are indispensable in the promotion of lumen formation and vascular maturation to support blood flow. However, the addition of growth factors or proteins involved in proangiogenic effects is not effective for regulating angiogenesis in different microenvironments. The construction of biomaterial scaffolds to achieve optimal growth conditions and earlier vascularization is undoubtedly one of the most important considerations and major challenges among engineering strategies. Nanomaterials have attracted much attention in biomedical applications due to their structure and unique photoelectric and catalytic properties. Nanomaterials not only serve as carriers that effectively deliver factors such as angiogenesis-related proteins and mRNA but also simulate the nano-topological structure of the primary ECM of blood vessels and stimulate the gene expression of angiogenic effects facilitating angiogenesis. Therefore, the introduction of nanomaterials to promote angiogenesis is a great helpful to the success of tissue regeneration and some ischaemic diseases. This review focuses on the angiogenic effects of nanoscaffolds in different types of tissue regeneration and discusses the influencing factors as well as possible related mechanisms of nanomaterials in endothelial neovascularization. It contributes novel insights into the design and development of novel nanomaterials for vascularization and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Guilan Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Junrong Wu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Haiyun Luo
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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18
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Jin SW, Pham HT, Choi JH, Lee GH, Han EH, Cho YH, Chung YC, Kim YH, Jeong HG. Impressic Acid, a Lupane-Type Triterpenoid from Acanthopanax koreanum, Attenuates TNF-α-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction via Activation of eNOS/NO Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225772. [PMID: 31744135 PMCID: PMC6888592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the most reported diseases worldwide, and extensive research and trials are focused on the discovery and utilizing for novel therapeutics. Nitric oxide (NO) is produced mainly by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and it plays a key role in regulating vascular function including systemic blood pressure and vascular inflammation in vascular endothelium. In this study hypothesized that Impressic acid (IPA), a component isolated from Acanthopanax koreanum, acts as an enhancer of eNOS activity and NO production. IPA treatment induced eNOS phosphorylation and NO production, which was correlated with eNOS phosphorylation via the activation of JNK1/2, p38 MAPK, AMPK, and CaMKII. In addition, the induction of eNOS phosphorylation by IPA was attenuated by pharmacological inhibitor of MAPKs, AMPK, and CaMKII. Finally, IPA treatment prevented the adhesion of TNF-α-induced monocytes to endothelial cells and suppressed the TNF-α-stimulated ICAM-1 expression via activation of NF-κB, while treatment with L-NAME, the NOS inhibitor, reversed the inhibitory effect of IPA on TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 expression via activation of NF-κB. Taken together, these findings show that IPA protects against TNF-α-induced vascular endothelium dysfunction through attenuation of the NF-κB pathway by activating eNOS/NO pathway in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Woo Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.W.J.); (H.T.P.); (J.H.C.); (G.H.L.); (Y.H.K.)
| | - Hoa Thi Pham
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.W.J.); (H.T.P.); (J.H.C.); (G.H.L.); (Y.H.K.)
| | - Jae Ho Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.W.J.); (H.T.P.); (J.H.C.); (G.H.L.); (Y.H.K.)
| | - Gi Ho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.W.J.); (H.T.P.); (J.H.C.); (G.H.L.); (Y.H.K.)
| | - Eun Hee Han
- Drug & Disease Target Research Team, Division of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Cheongju 28119, Korea;
| | - Young Ho Cho
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Biotechnology, College of Medical Engineering, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea;
| | - Young Chul Chung
- Department of Food Science, International University of Korea, Jinju, 52833, Korea;
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.W.J.); (H.T.P.); (J.H.C.); (G.H.L.); (Y.H.K.)
| | - Hye Gwang Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.W.J.); (H.T.P.); (J.H.C.); (G.H.L.); (Y.H.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-821-5936
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19
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Barui AK, Nethi SK, Haque S, Basuthakur P, Patra CR. Recent Development of Metal Nanoparticles for Angiogenesis Study and Their Therapeutic Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:5492-5511. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Kumar Barui
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Susheel Kumar Nethi
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Shagufta Haque
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Papia Basuthakur
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
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20
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Nitric oxide releasing chitosan-poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogel promotes angiogenesis in chick embryo model. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 136:901-910. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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21
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Augustine R, Prasad P, Khalaf IMN. Therapeutic angiogenesis: From conventional approaches to recent nanotechnology-based interventions. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 97:994-1008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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22
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Vemuri SK, Nethi SK, Banala RR, Goli PVS, Annapareddy VGR, Patra CR. Europium Hydroxide Nanorods (EHNs) Ameliorate Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction: An in Vitro and in Vivo Investigation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:1078-1087. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Susheel Kumar Nethi
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana State 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | | | | | | | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana State 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
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23
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Nethi SK, Barui AK, Mukherjee S, Patra CR. Engineered Nanoparticles for Effective Redox Signaling During Angiogenic and Antiangiogenic Therapy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:786-809. [PMID: 29943661 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Redox signaling plays a vital role in regulating various cellular signaling pathways and disease biology. Recently, nanomedicine (application of nanotechnology in biology and medicine) has been demonstrated to regulate angiogenesis through redox signaling. A complete understanding of redox signaling pathways influenced angiogenesis/antiangiogenesis triggered by therapeutic nanoparticles is extensively reviewed in this article. Recent Advances: In recent times, nanomedicines are regarded as the Trojan horses that could be employed for successful drug delivery, gene delivery, peptide delivery, disease diagnosis, and others, conquering barriers associated with conventional theranostic approaches. CRITICAL ISSUES Physiological angiogenesis is a tightly regulated process maintaining a balance between proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors. The redox signaling is one of the main factors that contribute to this physiological balance. An aberrant redox signaling cascade can be caused by several exogenous and endogenous factors and leads to reduced or augmented angiogenesis that ultimately results in several disease conditions. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Redox signaling-based nanomedicine approach has emerged as a new platform for angiogenesis-related disease therapy, where nanoparticles promote angiogenesis via controlled reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antiangiogenesis by triggering excessive ROS formation. Recently, investigators have identified different efficient nano-candidates, which modulate angiogenesis by controlling intracellular redox molecules. Considering the importance of angiogenesis in health care a thorough understanding of nanomedicine-regulated redox signaling would inspire researchers to design and develop more novel nanomaterials that could be used as an alternative strategy for the treatment of various diseases, where angiogenesis plays a vital role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susheel Kumar Nethi
- 1 Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India.,2 Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Chennai, India
| | - Ayan Kumar Barui
- 1 Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India.,2 Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Chennai, India
| | - Sudip Mukherjee
- 1 Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India.,2 Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Chennai, India
| | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- 1 Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India.,2 Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Chennai, India
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24
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Nethi SK, Das S, Patra CR, Mukherjee S. Recent advances in inorganic nanomaterials for wound-healing applications. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:2652-2674. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00423h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of inorganic nanoparticles has generated considerable expectation for solving various biomedical issues including wound healing and tissue regeneration. This review article highlights the role and recent advancements of inorganic nanoparticles for wound healing and tissue regeneration along with their advantages, clinical status, challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susheel Kumar Nethi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology
- College of Pharmacy
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Sourav Das
- Department of Applied Biology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Department of Applied Biology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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25
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Rao BR, Kotcherlakota R, Nethi SK, Puvvada N, Sreedhar B, Chaudhuri A, Patra CR. Ag2[Fe(CN)5NO] Nanoparticles Exhibit Antibacterial Activity and Wound Healing Properties. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:3434-3449. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bojja Sreedhar
- Training and Development Complex, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR Campus, CSIR Road, Taramani, Chennai 600 113, India
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26
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Nethi SK, Barui AK, Bollu VS, Rao BR, Patra CR. Pro-angiogenic Properties of Terbium Hydroxide Nanorods: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Applications in Wound Healing. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:3635-3645. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susheel Kumar Nethi
- Chemical Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India
- Training and Development
Complex, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR
Campus, CSIR Road, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India
| | - Ayan Kumar Barui
- Chemical Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India
- Training and Development
Complex, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR
Campus, CSIR Road, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India
| | - Vishnu Sravan Bollu
- Chemical Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India
- Training and Development
Complex, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR
Campus, CSIR Road, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India
| | - Bonda Rama Rao
- Chemical Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India
- Training and Development
Complex, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR
Campus, CSIR Road, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India
| | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Chemical Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India
- Training and Development
Complex, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR
Campus, CSIR Road, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India
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27
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Nethi SK, P NAA, Rico-Oller B, Rodríguez-Diéguez A, Gómez-Ruiz S, Patra CR. Design, synthesis and characterization of doped-titanium oxide nanomaterials with environmental and angiogenic applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 599-600:1263-1274. [PMID: 28525935 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the last decade, the metal composite nanostructures have evolved as promising candidates in regard to their wide applications in the fields of science and engineering. Recently, several investigators identified the titanium based nanomaterials as excellent agents for multifunctional environmental and biomedical applications. In this perspective, we have developed a series of zinc-doped (2 and 5%) titanium oxide-based nanomaterials using various reaction conditions and calcination temperatures (TZ1-TZ3: calcined at 500°C, TZ4-TZ6: calcined at 600°C and TZ7-TZ9: calcined at 700°C). The calcined materials (TZ1 to TZ9) were thoroughly analyzed by several physico-chemical characterization methods. The increase of the calcination temperature results in significant changes of the textural properties of the nanostructured materials. In addition, the increase of the calcination temperature leads to the formation of anatase/rutile mixtures with higher quantity of rutile. Furthermore, incorporation of zinc changes the morphology of the obtained nanoparticles. The materials were studied in the photodegradation of methylene blue observing that materials calcined at lower temperatures (TZ1-TZ3) have higher photocatalytic activity than those of the materials calcined at 600°C (TZ4-TZ6), rutile-based systems TZ7-TZ9 are not active. Based on the background literature of titanium and zinc based nanostructures in therapeutic angiogenesis, we have explored the pro-angiogenic properties of these materials using various in vitro and in vivo assays. The zinc-doped titanium dioxide nanostructures (TZ5 and TZ6) exhibited increased cell viability, proliferation, enhanced S-phase cell population, increased pro-angiogenic messengers (ROS: reactive oxygen species and NO: nitric oxide) production and promoted in vivo blood vessel formation in a plausible mechanistic p38/STAT3 dependent signaling cascade. Altogether, the results of the present study showcase these zinc doped-titanium oxide nanoparticles as promising candidates for environmental (water-remediation) and therapeutic angiogenic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susheel Kumar Nethi
- Department of Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India
| | - Neeraja Aparna Anand P
- Department of Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India
| | - Beatriz Rico-Oller
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Diéguez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Avda Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Santiago Gómez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain.
| | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Department of Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India.
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Shi M, Xia L, Chen Z, Lv F, Zhu H, Wei F, Han S, Chang J, Xiao Y, Wu C. Europium-doped mesoporous silica nanosphere as an immune-modulating osteogenesis/angiogenesis agent. Biomaterials 2017; 144:176-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Rajasekharreddy P, Rani PU, Mattapally S, Banerjee SK. Ultra-small silver nanoparticles induced ROS activated Toll-pathway against Staphylococcus aureus disease in silkworm model. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 77:990-1002. [PMID: 28532120 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the therapeutic action of flavonoids loaded silver nanoparticles (FLV-Ag NPs) on a silkworm, Bombyx mori L., larvae infected by the S. aureus, where an in vivo model system was used. FLV-Ag NPs were synthesized using a Ricinus communis L. leaf extracted flavonoid mixture in various concentrations. The reduction reaction was performed under a simple sunlight exposure condition. In the reduction process, quercetin and kaempferol loadings were also found. They were confirmed by UV-visible, TEM, XRD, XPS, DLS and FTIR spectroscopic techniques. TEM confirmed that the synthesized NPs were monodispersed and with an average size of 5.8nm±0.04. Initially, those synthesized FLV-Ag NPs were tested against S. aureus in in vitro by comparing their potential inhibitory activity with only flavonoids mixture (FLVs) and pure silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Furthermore, these FLV-Ag NPs were used to treat S. aureus infected B. mori larvae and the therapeutic efficacy was measured. Our results demonstrate that the FLV-Ag NPs are effective in curing the S. aureus infection through the induced expression of antimicrobial peptide genes, the enhanced oxidative enzyme levels, and the promoted phagocytosis of S. aureus by the haemocytes in silkworm larvae. On the basis of these results, it is proposed that the mechanism of the antimicrobial activity of FLV-Ag NPs involves the NPs-insect fat body cell association and a reactive oxygen species-mediated Toll-pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pala Rajasekharreddy
- Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India.
| | - Pathipati Usha Rani
- Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India
| | - Saidulu Mattapally
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India; Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500607, Telangana State, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Banerjee
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India; Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500607, Telangana State, India; Drug Discovery Research Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad 121001, India
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Augustine R, Nethi SK, Kalarikkal N, Thomas S, Patra CR. Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds embedded with europium hydroxide nanorods (EHNs) with enhanced vascularization and cell proliferation for tissue engineering applications. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:4660-4672. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00518k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PCL-EHNs scaffolds enhance endothelial cell proliferation, adhesion and blood vessel formation in a VEGFR2/Akt dependent signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Augustine
- School of Nano Science and Technology
- National Institute of Technology Calicut
- Kozhikode
- India
| | - Susheel Kumar Nethi
- Department of Chemical Biology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad – 500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Nandakumar Kalarikkal
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- Mahatma Gandhi University
- Kottayam – 686 560
- India
- School of Pure and Applied Physics
| | - Sabu Thomas
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- Mahatma Gandhi University
- Kottayam – 686 560
- India
- School of Chemical Sciences
| | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Department of Chemical Biology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad – 500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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Barui AK, Nethi SK, Patra CR. Investigation of the role of nitric oxide driven angiogenesis by zinc oxide nanoflowers. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:3391-3403. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb03323g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoflowers (ZONF) induce the generation of intracellular ROS that stimulates the phosphorylation of Akt and p38MAPK leading to activation of eNOS to produce NO, triggering angiogenesis in a cGMP dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Kumar Barui
- Department of Chemical Biology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad – 500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Susheel Kumar Nethi
- Department of Chemical Biology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad – 500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Department of Chemical Biology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad – 500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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Nethi SK, Nanda HS, Steele TWJ, Patra CR. Functionalized nanoceria exhibit improved angiogenic properties. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:9371-9383. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01957b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Overall schematic representation of the synthesis, characterization and proangiogenic activity of functionalized nanoceria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susheel Kumar Nethi
- Chemical Biology Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad – 500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Himansu Sekhar Nanda
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University (NTU)
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
| | - Terry W. J. Steele
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University (NTU)
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
| | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Chemical Biology Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad – 500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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Bollu VS, Nethi SK, Dasari RK, Rao SSN, Misra S, Patra CR. Evaluation ofin vivocytogenetic toxicity of europium hydroxide nanorods (EHNs) in male and female Swiss albino mice. Nanotoxicology 2015; 10:413-25. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1073398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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