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Ultrarobust subzero healable materials enabled by polyphenol nano-assemblies. Nat Commun 2023; 14:814. [PMID: 36781865 PMCID: PMC9925762 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36461-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bio-inspired self-healing materials hold great promise for applications in wearable electronics, artificial muscles and soft robots, etc. However, self-healing at subzero temperatures remains a great challenge because the reconstruction of interactions will experience resistance of the frozen segments. Here, we present an ultrarobust subzero healable glassy polymer by incorporating polyphenol nano-assemblies with a large number of end groups into polymerizable deep eutectic solvent elastomers. The combination of multiple dynamic bonds and rapid secondary relaxations with low activation energy barrier provides a promising method to overcome the limited self-healing ability of glassy polymers, which can rarely be achieved by conventional dynamic cross-linking. The resulted material exhibits remarkably improved adhesion force at low temperature (promotes 30 times), excellent mechanical properties (30.6 MPa) and desired subzero healing efficiencies (85.7% at -20 °C). We further demonstrated that the material also possesses reliable cryogenic strain-sensing and functional-healing ability. This work provides a viable approach to fabricate ultrarobust subzero healable glassy polymers that are applicable for winter sports wearable devices, subzero temperature-suitable robots and artificial muscles.
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Sanka RVSP, Rana S, Singh P, Mishra AK, Kumar P, Singh M, Sahoo NG, Binder WH, Yun GJ, Park C. Self-healing nanocomposites via N-doped GO promoted "click chemistry". SOFT MATTER 2022; 19:98-105. [PMID: 36472188 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01423h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
N-doped graphene stabilized Cu(I)-catalyzed self-healing nanocomposites are developed. This study found the use of N-doped graphene as both a nanostructured material for enhancing mechanical and conductive properties and a catalyst promoter (a scaffold for catalytic copper(I) particles), helpful to trigger self-healing via "click chemistry". Due to an increase in electron density on nitrogen atom doping, including the coordination of N-doped rGO with Cu+ ions, nitrogen-doped graphene-supported copper particles demonstrate a higher reaction yield at room temperature without adding any external ligand/base. In this study, only one component (an azide moiety containing a healing agent) was encapsulated, whereas another component (an alkyne moiety containing a healing agent) was as such (without encapsulation) homogeneously dispersed in a matrix. Triggered capsule rupture then induces the contact of the healing agents with the N-doped graphene-based catalyst and the alkyne molecules dispersed in the matrix, inducing a "click"-reaction, allowing onsite damage to be repaired as determined by mechanical measurements entirely. Tensile measurements were also performed using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to support the findings. Given the enormous importance of autonomic repair of materials damage, this concept here reports a trustworthy and reliable chemical system with a high level of robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- R V Siva Prasanna Sanka
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Institute of Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Sravendra Rana
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Energy Acres, Bidholi, Dehradun, 248007, India.
| | - Poonam Singh
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Energy Acres, Bidholi, Dehradun, 248007, India.
| | - Abhishek K Mishra
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Energy Acres, Bidholi, Dehradun, 248007, India.
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Energy Acres, Bidholi, Dehradun, 248007, India.
| | - Manjeet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796004, Mizoram, India
| | - Nanda Gopal Sahoo
- Prof. Rajendra Singh Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, D. S. B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Wolfgang H Binder
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, Halle, 06120, Germany.
| | - Gun Jin Yun
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu Gwanak-ro 1, Seoul, 151-744, South Korea.
| | - Chanwook Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, 60208, IL, USA.
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3
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Lee IH, Bang KT, Yang HS, Choi TL. Recent Advances in Diversity-Oriented Polymerization Using Cu-Catalyzed Multicomponent Reactions. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 43:e2100642. [PMID: 34715722 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Diversification of polymer structures is important for imparting various properties and functions to polymers, so as to realize novel applications of these polymers. In this regard, diversity-oriented polymerization (DOP) is a powerful synthetic strategy for producing diverse and complex polymer structures. Multicomponent polymerization (MCP) is a key method for realizing DOP owing to its combinatorial features and high efficiency. Among the MCP methods, Cu-catalyzed MCP (Cu-MCP) has recently paved the way for DOP by overcoming the synthetic challenges of the previous MCP methods. Here the emergence and progress of Cu-MCP, its current challenges, and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Hwan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Bang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Hee-Seong Yang
- Department of Energy System Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
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Ekeocha J, Ellingford C, Pan M, Wemyss AM, Bowen C, Wan C. Challenges and Opportunities of Self-Healing Polymers and Devices for Extreme and Hostile Environments. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2008052. [PMID: 34165832 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Engineering materials and devices can be damaged during their service life as a result of mechanical fatigue, punctures, electrical breakdown, and electrochemical corrosion. This damage can lead to unexpected failure during operation, which requires regular inspection, repair, and replacement of the products, resulting in additional energy consumption and cost. During operation in challenging, extreme, or harsh environments, such as those encountered in high or low temperature, nuclear, offshore, space, and deep mining environments, the robustness and stability of materials and devices are extremely important. Over recent decades, significant effort has been invested into improving the robustness and stability of materials through either structural design, the introduction of new chemistry, or improved manufacturing processes. Inspired by natural systems, the creation of self-healing materials has the potential to overcome these challenges and provide a route to achieve dynamic repair during service. Current research on self-healing polymers remains in its infancy, and self-healing behavior under harsh and extreme conditions is a particularly untapped area of research. Here, the self-healing mechanisms and performance of materials under a variety of harsh environments are discussed. An overview of polymer-based devices developed for a range of challenging environments is provided, along with areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Ekeocha
- International Institute for Nanocomposites Manufacturing (IINM), University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Christopher Ellingford
- International Institute for Nanocomposites Manufacturing (IINM), University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Min Pan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Alan M Wemyss
- International Institute for Nanocomposites Manufacturing (IINM), University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Christopher Bowen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Chaoying Wan
- International Institute for Nanocomposites Manufacturing (IINM), University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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Neumann S, Biewend M, Rana S, Binder WH. The CuAAC: Principles, Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysts, and Novel Developments and Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 41:e1900359. [PMID: 31631449 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The copper-catalyzed azide/alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC) has emerged as the most useful "click" chemistry. Polymer science has profited enormously from CuAAC by its simplicity, ease, scope, applicability and efficiency. Basic principles of the CuAAC are reviewed with a focus on homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, ligands, anchimeric assistance, and basic chemical principles. Recent developments of ligand design and acceleration are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Neumann
- Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, von Danckelmannplatz 4, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Michel Biewend
- Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, von Danckelmannplatz 4, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sravendra Rana
- School of Engineering University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Wolfgang H Binder
- Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, von Danckelmannplatz 4, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
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7
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Anticorrosive and self-healing waterborne poly(urethane-triazole) coatings made through a combination of click polymerization and cathodic electrophoretic deposition. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Yan X, Li J, Ren T. Synthesis of well-defined star, star-block, and miktoarm star biodegradable polymers based on PLLA and PCL by one-pot azide-alkyne click reaction. RSC Adv 2018; 8:29464-29475. [PMID: 35547998 PMCID: PMC9084564 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06262e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the "arm-first" strategy, ring-opening polymerization (ROP) and one-pot azide-alkyne click reaction, well-defined star-shaped polymers with different architectures have been successfully synthesized, including the star homopolymers four-arm star-shaped polycaprolactone (4sPCL) and four-arm star-shaped poly(l-lactic acid) (4sPLLA), star-block copolymer 4sPCL-b-PLLA and miktoarm star-shaped copolymer PCL2PLLA2. The star homopolymers 4sPCL and 4sPLLA were synthesized by a click reaction of an azide small molecule initiator and HC[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-PCL or HC[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-PLLA. The star-block copolymer 4sPCL-b-PLLA was synthesized by a click reaction of an azide small molecule initiator and the block copolymer HC[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-PCL-b-PLLA. The miktoarm star polymer PCL2PLLA2 was synthesized by a one-pot azide-alkyne click reaction of simultaneous addition of equal proportions of HC[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-PCL and HC[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-PLLA. The structures of these star-shaped polymers have been confirmed by NMR, FT-IR and GPC. Furthermore, the melting and crystallization behaviors investigated using DSC and WXRD also confirm the formation of star-shaped polymers with different architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Yan
- Institute of Nano and Biopolymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Ministry of Education, Tongji University 4800 Caoan Road Shanghai 201804 China +86-21-33515906 +86-21-33515906
| | - Jianbo Li
- Institute of Nano and Biopolymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Ministry of Education, Tongji University 4800 Caoan Road Shanghai 201804 China +86-21-33515906 +86-21-33515906
| | - Tianbin Ren
- Institute of Nano and Biopolymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Ministry of Education, Tongji University 4800 Caoan Road Shanghai 201804 China +86-21-33515906 +86-21-33515906
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Kargarfard N, Diedrich N, Rupp H, Döhler D, Binder WH. Improving Kinetics of "Click-Crosslinking" for Self-Healing Nanocomposites by Graphene-Supported Cu-Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 10:E17. [PMID: 30966054 PMCID: PMC6414871 DOI: 10.3390/polym10010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigation of the curing kinetics of crosslinking reactions and the development of optimized catalyst systems is of importance for the preparation of self-healing nanocomposites, able to significantly extend their service lifetimes. Here we study different modified low molecular weight multivalent azides for a capsule-based self-healing approach, where self-healing is mediated by graphene-supported copper-nanoparticles, able to trigger "click"-based crosslinking of trivalent azides and alkynes. When monitoring the reaction kinetics of the curing reaction via reactive dynamic scanning calorimetry (DSC), it was found that the "click-crosslinking" reactivity decreased with increasing chain length of the according azide. Additionally, we could show a remarkable "click" reactivity already at 0 °C, highlighting the potential of click-based self-healing approaches. Furthermore, we varied the reaction temperature during the preparation of our tailor-made graphene-based copper(I) catalyst to further optimize its catalytic activity. With the most active catalyst prepared at 700 °C and the optimized set-up of reactants on hand, we prepared capsule-based self-healing epoxy nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Kargarfard
- Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e. V., Abteilung Reaktive Verarbeitung, Hohe Str. 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Norman Diedrich
- Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Harald Rupp
- Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Diana Döhler
- Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Wolfgang H Binder
- Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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10
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Abstract
Click chemistry has emerged as a significant tool for materials science, organic chemistry, and bioscience. Based on the initial concept of Barry Sharpless in 2001, the copper(I)-catalyzed azide/alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction has triggered a plethora of chemical concepts for linking molecules and building blocks under ambient conditions, forming the basis for applications in autonomous cross-linking materials. Self-healing systems on the other hand are often based on mild cross-linking chemistries that are able to react either autonomously or upon an external trigger. In the ideal case, self-healing takes place efficiently at low temperatures, independent of the substrate(s) used, by forming strong and stable networks, binding to the newly generated (cracked) interfaces to restore the original material properties. The use of the CuAAC in self-healing systems, most of all the careful design of copper-based catalysts linked to additives as well as the chemical diversity of substrates, has led to an enormous potential of applications of this singular reaction. The implementation of click-based strategies in self-healing systems therefore is highly attractive, as here chemical (and physical) concepts of molecular reactivity, molecular design, and even metal catalysis are connected to aspects of materials science. In this Account, we will show how CuAAC reactions of multivalent components can be used as a tool for self-healing materials, achieving cross-linking at low temperatures (exploiting concepts of autocatalysis or internal chelation within the bulk CuAAC and systematic optimization of the efficiency of the used Cu(I) catalysts). Encapsulation strategies to separate the click components by micro- and nanoencapsulation are required in this context. Consequently, the examples reported here describe chemical concepts to realize more efficient and faster click reactions in self-healing polymeric materials. Thus, enhanced chain diffusion in (hyper)branched polymers, autocatalysis, or internal chelation concepts enable efficient click cross-linking already at 5 °C with a simultaneously reduced amount of Cu(I) catalyst and increased reaction rates, culminating in the first reported self-healing system based on click cycloaddition reactions. Via tailor-made nanocarbon/Cu(I) catalysts we can further improve the click cross-linking reaction in view of efficiency and kinetics, leading to the generation of self-healing graphene-based epoxy nanocomposites. Additionally, we have designed special CuAAC click methods for chemical reporting and visualization systems based on the detection of ruptured capsules via a fluorogenic click reaction, which can be combined with CuAAC cross-linking reactions to obtain simultaneous stress detection and self-healing within polymeric materials. In a similar concept, we have prepared polymeric Cu(I)-biscarbene complexes to detect (mechanical) stress within self-healing polymeric materials via a triggered fluorogenic reaction, thus using a destructive force for a constructive chemical response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Döhler
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry,
Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Philipp Michael
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry,
Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry,
Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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11
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Wang H, Zhou F, Ren G, Zheng Q, Chen H, Gao B, Klivansky L, Liu Y, Wu B, Xu Q, Lu J, Sharpless KB, Wu P. SuFEx-Based Polysulfonate Formation from Ethenesulfonyl Fluoride-Amine Adducts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11203-11208. [PMID: 28792119 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201701160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The SuFEx-based polycondensation between bisalkylsulfonyl fluorides (AA monomers) and bisphenol bis(t-butyldimethylsilyl) ethers (BB monomers) using [Ph3 P=N-PPh3 ]+ [HF2 ]- as the catalyst is described. The AA monomers were prepared via the highly reliable Michael addition of ethenesulfonyl fluoride and amines/anilines while the BB monomers were obtained from silylation of bisphenols by t-butyldimethylsilyl chloride. With these reactions, a remarkable diversity of monomeric building blocks was achieved by exploiting readily available amines, anilines, and bisphenols as starting materials. The SuFEx-based polysulfonate formation reaction exhibited excellent efficiency and functional group tolerance, producing polysulfonates with a variety of side chain functionalities in >99 % conversion within 10 min to 1 h. When bearing an orthogonal group on the side chain, the polysulfonates can be further functionalized via click-chemistry-based post-polymerization modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou, Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Gerui Ren
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, P.R. China
| | - Qinheng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Hongli Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Bing Gao
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Liana Klivansky
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Bin Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou, Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Qingfeng Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou, Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jianmei Lu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou, Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - K Barry Sharpless
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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12
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Wang H, Zhou F, Ren G, Zheng Q, Chen H, Gao B, Klivansky L, Liu Y, Wu B, Xu Q, Lu J, Sharpless KB, Wu P. SuFEx‐Based Polysulfonate Formation from Ethenesulfonyl Fluoride–Amine Adducts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201701160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Department of Chemical Physiology The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P.R. China
| | - Gerui Ren
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
- Department of Applied Chemistry School of Food Science and Biotechnology Zhejiang Gongshang University Hangzhou 310018 P.R. China
| | - Qinheng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Hongli Chen
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Bing Gao
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Liana Klivansky
- The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Bin Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P.R. China
| | - Qingfeng Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P.R. China
| | - Jianmei Lu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P.R. China
| | - K. Barry Sharpless
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Chemical Physiology The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
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13
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Song YX, Ye XJ, Rong MZ, Zhang MQ. Self-healing epoxy with a fast and stable extrinsic healing system based on BF3–amine complex. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17976b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An easily processed healing system consisting of BF3–amine complex and cycloaliphatic epoxy monomer enables fast healing of cured epoxy within seconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xi Song
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education
- GD HPPC Lab School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao Ji Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Public Laboratory of Analysis and Testing Technology
- China National Analytical Center
- 510070 Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Min Zhi Rong
- Materials Science Institute
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Ming Qiu Zhang
- Materials Science Institute
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
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