1
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Zhai G, Liu Q, Ji J, Wu Y, Geng J, Hu X. Recyclable polymerized Lewis acid poly-BPh(C6F5)2 catalyzed selective N-formylation and N-methylation of amines with carbon dioxide and phenylsilanes. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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2
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Wang Y, Chang JP, Xu R, Bai S, Wang D, Yang GP, Sun LY, Li P, Han YF. N-Heterocyclic carbenes and their precursors in functionalised porous materials. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:13559-13586. [PMID: 34783804 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00296a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Though N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have emerged as diverse and powerful discrete functional molecules in pharmaceutics, nanotechnology, and catalysis over decades, the heterogenization of NHCs and their precursors for broader applications in porous materials, like metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), porous coordination polymers (PCPs), covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), porous organic polymers (POPs), and porous organometallic cages (POMCs) was not extensively studied until the last ten years. By de novo or post-synthetic modification (PSM) methods, myriads of NHCs and their precursors containing building blocks were designed and integrated into MOFs, PCPs, COFs, POPs and POMCs to form various structures and porosities. Functionalisation with NHCs and their precursors significantly expands the scope of the potential applications of porous materials by tuning the pore surface chemical/physical properties, providing active sites for binding guest molecules and substrates and realizing recyclability. In this review, we summarise and discuss the recent progress on the synthetic methods, structural features, and promising applications of NHCs and their precursors in functionalised porous materials. At the end, a brief perspective on the encouraging future prospects and challenges in this contemporary field is presented. This review will serve as a guide for researchers to design and synthesize more novel porous materials functionalised with NHCs and their precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Jin-Ping Chang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China.
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Sha Bai
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China.
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Guo-Ping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China.
| | - Li-Ying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Ying-Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China.
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3
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Li Z, Yu Z, Luo X, Li C, Wu H, Zhao W, Li H, Yang S. Recent advances in liquid hydrosilane-mediated catalytic N-formylation of amines with CO 2. RSC Adv 2020; 10:33972-34005. [PMID: 35519060 PMCID: PMC9056842 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05858k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon dioxide is an ideal raw material for the synthesis of complex organic compounds because of its rich, non-toxic, and good physical properties. It is of great significance to transform CO2 into valuable fine chemicals and develop a green sustainable cycle of carbon surplus. Based on hydrosilane as a reducing agent, this work summarizes the recent applications of reductive amidation of CO2 using different catalysts such as organocatalysts, ionic liquids (ILs), salts, transition metal complexes, and solvents. The main factors affecting the reductive amidation of CO2 and the possible reaction mechanism are discussed. Moreover, the future orientation and catalytic systems of the formylation of amines with CO2 and hydrosilane are prospected. This review depicts different types of catalyst systems developed for upgrading of amines and carbon dioxide into N-formylated products in the presence of hydrosilane, with attention on reaction mechanism and process optimization.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyi Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 Guizhou China +86-851-8829-2170 +86-851-8829-2171
| | - Zhaozhuo Yu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 Guizhou China +86-851-8829-2170 +86-851-8829-2171
| | - Xiaoxiang Luo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 Guizhou China +86-851-8829-2170 +86-851-8829-2171
| | - Chuanhui Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 Guizhou China +86-851-8829-2170 +86-851-8829-2171
| | - Hongguo Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 Guizhou China +86-851-8829-2170 +86-851-8829-2171
| | - Wenfeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 Guizhou China +86-851-8829-2170 +86-851-8829-2171.,Technical University of Denmark, Centre for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Kemitorvet, Building 207 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Hu Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 Guizhou China +86-851-8829-2170 +86-851-8829-2171
| | - Song Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 Guizhou China +86-851-8829-2170 +86-851-8829-2171
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4
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Ojeda‐Amador AI, Munarriz J, Alamán‐Valtierra P, Polo V, Puerta‐Oteo R, Jiménez MV, Fernández‐Alvarez FJ, Pérez‐Torrente JJ. Mechanistic Insights on the Functionalization of CO
2
with Amines and Hydrosilanes Catalyzed by a Zwitterionic Iridium Carboxylate‐Functionalized Bis‐NHC Catalyst. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana I. Ojeda‐Amador
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50009 Spain
| | - Julen Munarriz
- Departamento de Química Física Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas complejos (BIFI) Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50009 Spain
| | - Pablo Alamán‐Valtierra
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50009 Spain
| | - Víctor Polo
- Departamento de Química Física Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas complejos (BIFI) Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50009 Spain
| | - Raquel Puerta‐Oteo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50009 Spain
| | - M. Victoria Jiménez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50009 Spain
| | - Francisco J. Fernández‐Alvarez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50009 Spain
| | - Jesús J. Pérez‐Torrente
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50009 Spain
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5
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Li W, Zhu D, Li G, Chen J, Xia J. Iron‐Catalyzed Selective
N
‐Methylation and
N
‐Formylation of Amines with CO
2. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Duo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP)Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Dao‐Yong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP)Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP)Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP)Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Ji‐Bao Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP)Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
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6
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In 2O 3 Nanocrystals for CO 2 Fixation: Atomic-Level Insight into the Role of Grain Boundaries. iScience 2019; 16:390-398. [PMID: 31228747 PMCID: PMC6593164 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
N-functionalization of amines with CO2 and H2 is one of the most important processes to make use of CO2. Although noble metal-based catalysts with remarkable performance have been widely used in this process, developing efficient non-noble-metal-based catalysts remains a grand challenge. Herein, we report In2O3 nanocrystals with high density of grain boundaries (HGB-In2O3), which show excellent activity toward methylation of amines. Impressively, HGB-In2O3 achieved the optimal yield of 82.7% for N,N-dimethylaniline with a mass activity of 21.2 mmol·g-1h-1 in methylation of N-methylaniline, comparable to noble-metal-based catalysts. As a bonus, HGB-In2O3 held noticeable stability, remarkable selectivity, and comprehensive applicability. Further mechanistic studies revealed that the presence of high density of grain boundaries not only facilitated the adsorption and activation of CO2 to generate CH3OH as the intermediate but also enhanced the activation of N-H bond in amines, contributing to the attractive activity of HGB-In2O3 toward methylation of amines.
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7
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Taheri M, Ghiaci M, Moheb A, Shchukarev A. Organic–inorganic hybrid of anchored dicationic ionic liquid on Al‐MCM‐41‐phosphovanadomolybdate toward selective oxidation of benzene to phenol. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Taheri
- Department of ChemistryIsfahan University of Technology Isfahan 8415683111 Iran
- College of Pardis, Chemistry SectionIsfahan University of Technology Isfahan 8415683111 Iran
| | - Mehran Ghiaci
- Department of ChemistryIsfahan University of Technology Isfahan 8415683111 Iran
| | - Ahmad Moheb
- Department of Chemical EngineeringIsfahan University of Technology Isfahan 8415683111 Iran
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8
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Khatun R, Biswas S, Islam S, Biswas IH, Riyajuddin S, Ghosh K, Islam SM. Modified Graphene Oxide Based Zinc Composite: an Efficient Catalyst for N-formylation and Carbamate Formation Reactions Through CO2
Fixation. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Resmin Khatun
- Department of Chemistry; University of Kalyani; Kalyani 741235 W.B. India
| | - Surajit Biswas
- Department of Chemistry; University of Kalyani; Kalyani 741235 W.B. India
| | - Sarikul Islam
- Department of Chemistry; University of Kalyani; Kalyani 741235 W.B. India
| | | | - Sk Riyajuddin
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology; Mohali 160062 India
| | - Kaushik Ghosh
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology; Mohali 160062 India
| | - Sk Manirul Islam
- Department of Chemistry; University of Kalyani; Kalyani 741235 W.B. India
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9
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Gopakumar A, Akçok I, Lombardo L, Le Formal F, Magrez A, Sivula K, J. Dyson P. Iron-Rich Natural Mineral Gibeon Meteorite Catalyzed N
-formylation of Amines using CO2
as the C1 Source. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aswin Gopakumar
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Ismail Akçok
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Loris Lombardo
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Florian Le Formal
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Magrez
- Institute of Physics (IPHYS), École Polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Kevin Sivula
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Paul J. Dyson
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Switzerland
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10
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Wang W, Cui L, Sun P, Shi L, Yue C, Li F. Reusable N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex Catalysts and Beyond: A Perspective on Recycling Strategies. Chem Rev 2018; 118:9843-9929. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Wang
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Lifeng Cui
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lijun Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chengtao Yue
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fuwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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11
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Li G, Chen J, Zhu DY, Chen Y, Xia JB. DBU-Catalyzed Selective N
-Methylation and N
-Formylation of Amines with CO2
and Polymethylhydrosiloxane. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP); Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
- School Chemistry of Chemical Engineering; Guizhou University; Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP); Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Dao-Yong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP); Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Chen
- School Chemistry of Chemical Engineering; Guizhou University; Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Bao Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP); Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
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12
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13
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Zhao TX, Zhai GW, Liang J, Li P, Hu XB, Wu YT. Catalyst-free N-formylation of amines using BH 3NH 3 and CO 2 under mild conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:8046-8049. [PMID: 28671215 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc03860g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The catalyst-free N-formylation of amines using CO2 as the C1 source and BH3NH3 as the reductant has been developed for the first time. The corresponding formylated products of both primary and secondary amines are obtained in good to excellent yields (up to 96% of isolated yield) under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Xiang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Separation Engineering Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
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14
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Liu XF, Qiao C, Li XY, He LN. DMF-promoted reductive functionalization of CO2 with secondary amines and phenylsilane to methylamines. PURE APPL CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2017-0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
An amide-promoted protocol was developed for the reductive functionalization of CO2 with amines/imine and phenylsilane to produce methylamine. Secondary amines and an imine were methylated successfully to methylamines with up to 98% yield under atmospheric pressure of CO2 and 80°C. Furthermore, a tentative mechanism involving amide-promoted CO2 reduction to the silyl acetal species was proposed. Striking features of this metal-free protocol are selective six-electron reduction of CO2 with hydrosilane as a reductant in the presence of amine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Chang Qiao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Xiao-Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Liang-Nian He
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China , Fax: +86 22 23503878
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15
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Recent Advances on CO2 Utilization as C1 Building Block in C-N and C-O Bond Formation. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2018_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Kassymova M, de Mahieu A, Chaemchuen S, Demeyere P, Mousavi B, Zhuiykov S, Yusubov MS, Verpoort F. Post-synthetically modified MOF for the A3-coupling reaction of aldehyde, amine, and alkyne. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy00662h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new heterogeneous NHC catalyst (Ag-NHC-MOF) was synthesized by the post-synthetic modification of an azolium-containing metal–organic framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meruyert Kassymova
- Laboratory of Organometallics
- Catalysis and Ordered Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
| | | | - Somboon Chaemchuen
- Laboratory of Organometallics
- Catalysis and Ordered Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
| | | | - Bibimaryam Mousavi
- Laboratory of Organometallics
- Catalysis and Ordered Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
| | | | - Mekhman S. Yusubov
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
- 634050 Tomsk
- Russian Federation
| | - Francis Verpoort
- Laboratory of Organometallics
- Catalysis and Ordered Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
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17
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Lv H, Xing Q, Yue C, Lei Z, Li F. Solvent-promoted catalyst-free N-formylation of amines using carbon dioxide under ambient conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 52:6545-8. [PMID: 27101227 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01234e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented catalyst-free formylation of amines using CO2 and hydrosilanes was developed. The solvent plays a vital role in promoting the interaction of amines with hydrosilanes and subsequent CO2 insertion, thus facilitating the simultaneous activation of N-H and Si-H bonds. Based on relevant mechanistic studies, a plausible mechanism involving a silyl carbamate intermediate is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lv
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China. and Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Qi Xing
- Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Chengtao Yue
- Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Ziqiang Lei
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Fuwei Li
- Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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18
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Artz J, Müller TE, Thenert K, Kleinekorte J, Meys R, Sternberg A, Bardow A, Leitner W. Sustainable Conversion of Carbon Dioxide: An Integrated Review of Catalysis and Life Cycle Assessment. Chem Rev 2017; 118:434-504. [PMID: 29220170 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 888] [Impact Index Per Article: 126.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CO2 conversion covers a wide range of possible application areas from fuels to bulk and commodity chemicals and even to specialty products with biological activity such as pharmaceuticals. In the present review, we discuss selected examples in these areas in a combined analysis of the state-of-the-art of synthetic methodologies and processes with their life cycle assessment. Thereby, we attempted to assess the potential to reduce the environmental footprint in these application fields relative to the current petrochemical value chain. This analysis and discussion differs significantly from a viewpoint on CO2 utilization as a measure for global CO2 mitigation. Whereas the latter focuses on reducing the end-of-pipe problem "CO2 emissions" from todays' industries, the approach taken here tries to identify opportunities by exploiting a novel feedstock that avoids the utilization of fossil resource in transition toward more sustainable future production. Thus, the motivation to develop CO2-based chemistry does not depend primarily on the absolute amount of CO2 emissions that can be remediated by a single technology. Rather, CO2-based chemistry is stimulated by the significance of the relative improvement in carbon balance and other critical factors defining the environmental impact of chemical production in all relevant sectors in accord with the principles of green chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Artz
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 2, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Thomas E Müller
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 2, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Katharina Thenert
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 2, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Johanna Kleinekorte
- Chair of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University , Schinkelstrasse 8, Aachen 52056, Germany
| | - Raoul Meys
- Chair of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University , Schinkelstrasse 8, Aachen 52056, Germany
| | - André Sternberg
- Chair of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University , Schinkelstrasse 8, Aachen 52056, Germany
| | - André Bardow
- Chair of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University , Schinkelstrasse 8, Aachen 52056, Germany
| | - Walter Leitner
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 2, Aachen 52074, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstrasse 34-36, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
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19
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Pedrajas E, Sorribes I, Guillamón E, Junge K, Beller M, Llusar R. Efficient and Selective N-Methylation of Nitroarenes under Mild Reaction Conditions. Chemistry 2017; 23:13205-13212. [PMID: 28767165 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a straightforward protocol for the preparation of N,N-dimethylated amines from readily available nitro starting materials using formic acid as a renewable C1 source and silanes as reducing agents. This tandem process is efficiently accomplished in the presence of a cubane-type Mo3 PtS4 catalyst. For the preparation of the novel [Mo3 Pt(PPh3 )S4 Cl3 (dmen)3 ]+ (3+ ) (dmen: N,N'-dimethylethylenediamine) compound we have followed a [3+1] building block strategy starting from the trinuclear [Mo3 S4 Cl3 (dmen)3 ]+ (1+ ) and Pt(PPh3 )4 (2) complexes. The heterobimetallic 3+ cation preserves the main structural features of its 1+ cluster precursor. Interestingly, this catalytic protocol operates at room temperature with high chemoselectivity when the 3+ catalyst co-exists with its trinuclear 1+ precursor. N-heterocyclic arenes, double bonds, ketones, cyanides and ester functional groups are well retained after N-methylation of the corresponding functionalized nitroarenes. In addition, benzylic-type as well as aliphatic nitro compounds can also be methylated following this protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pedrajas
- Departament de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castelló, Spain
| | - Iván Sorribes
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der, Universität Rostock, Albert Einstein Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.,Present address: Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Av. De los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva Guillamón
- Departament de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castelló, Spain
| | - Kathrin Junge
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der, Universität Rostock, Albert Einstein Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der, Universität Rostock, Albert Einstein Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Rosa Llusar
- Departament de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castelló, Spain
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20
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Luo R, Lin X, Lu J, Zhou X, Ji H. Zinc phthalocyanine as an efficient catalyst for halogen-free synthesis of formamides from amines via carbon dioxide hydrosilylation under mild conditions. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(17)62877-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Li W, Kim CK. Theoretical investigations on the methylation of N H bond using CO 2 and hydrosilane catalyzed by Zinc II complexes: Mechanism and ligand effect. J CO2 UTIL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Luo R, Lin X, Chen Y, Zhang W, Zhou X, Ji H. Cooperative Catalytic Activation of Si-H Bonds: CO 2 -Based Synthesis of Formamides from Amines and Hydrosilanes under Mild Conditions. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:1224-1232. [PMID: 27860420 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201601490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A simple cooperative catalytic system was successfully developed for the solvent-free N-formylation of amines with CO2 and hydrosilanes under ambient conditions, which was composed of a Zn(salen) catalyst and quaternary ammonium salt. These commercially available binary components activated the Si-H bonds effectively, owing to the intermolecular synergistic effect between Lewis base and transition metal center (LB-TM), and subsequently facilitated the insertion of CO2 to form the active silyl formats, thereby leading to excellent catalytic performance at a low catalyst loading. Furthermore, the bifunctional Zn(salen) complexes, with two imidazolium-based ionic-liquid (IL) units at the 3,3'-position of salen ligand, acted as intramolecularly cooperative catalysts, and the solvent-regulated separation resulted in facile catalyst recycling and reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongchang Luo
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Lin
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yaju Chen
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Wuying Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xiantai Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Hongbing Ji
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
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23
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Wang HY, Qian Y, Wang FX, Habtemariam A, Mao ZW, Sadler PJ, Liu HK. Ruthenium(II)-Arene Metallacycles: Crystal Structures, Interaction with DNA, and Cytotoxicity. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201601226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials; College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Nanjing Normal University; 210046, Jiang Su Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yong Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials; College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Nanjing Normal University; 210046, Jiang Su Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Fang-Xin Wang
- School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University; 510275, Guang Dong Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Abraha Habtemariam
- Department of Chemistry; University of Warwick; Gibbet Hill Road CV4 7AL Coventry UK
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University; 510275, Guang Dong Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Peter J. Sadler
- Department of Chemistry; University of Warwick; Gibbet Hill Road CV4 7AL Coventry UK
| | - Hong-Ke Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials; College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Nanjing Normal University; 210046, Jiang Su Nanjing P. R. China
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24
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Li Y, Cui X, Dong K, Junge K, Beller M. Utilization of CO2 as a C1 Building Block for Catalytic Methylation Reactions. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b02715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuehui Li
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str.
29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Xinjiang Cui
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str.
29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Kaiwu Dong
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str.
29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Kathrin Junge
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str.
29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str.
29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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25
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Julián A, Polo V, Fernández-Alvarez FJ, Oro LA. Iridium–NSiN catalyzed formation of silylphosphinecarboxylates from the reaction of CO2 with P(SiMe3)R2 (R = Ph, Cy). Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy00115k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Iridium-catalyzed insertion of CO2 into the P-SiMe3 bond of P(SiMe3)R2 (R = Ph, Cy) to give P(C(O)OSiMe3)R2 species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Julián
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- Universidad de Zaragoza
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Víctor Polo
- Departamento de Química Física
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI)
- Universidad de Zaragoza
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Francisco J. Fernández-Alvarez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- Universidad de Zaragoza
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Luis A. Oro
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- Universidad de Zaragoza
- Zaragoza
- Spain
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26
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Ezugwu CI, Mousavi B, Asraf MA, Luo Z, Verpoort F. Post-synthetic modified MOF for Sonogashira cross-coupling and Knoevenagel condensation reactions. J Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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Pigaleva MA, Elmanovich IV, Temnikov MN, Gallyamov MO, Muzafarov AM. Organosilicon compounds in supercritical carbon dioxide: Synthesis, polymerization, modification, and production of new materials. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090416030118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Klankermayer J, Wesselbaum S, Beydoun K, Leitner W. Selective Catalytic Synthesis Using the Combination of Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen: Catalytic Chess at the Interface of Energy and Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:7296-343. [PMID: 27237963 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 488] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present Review highlights the challenges and opportunities when using the combination CO2 /H2 as a C1 synthon in catalytic reactions and processes. The transformations are classified according to the reduction level and the bond-forming processes, covering the value chain from high volume basic chemicals to complex molecules, including biologically active substances. Whereas some of these concepts can facilitate the transition of the energy system by harvesting renewable energy into chemical products, others provide options to reduce the environmental impact of chemical production already in today's petrochemical-based industry. Interdisciplinary fundamental research from chemists and chemical engineers can make important contributions to sustainable development at the interface of the energetic and chemical value chain. The present Review invites the reader to enjoy this exciting area of "catalytic chess" and maybe even to start playing some games in her or his laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Klankermayer
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Wesselbaum
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kassem Beydoun
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Walter Leitner
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany. .,Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
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29
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Klankermayer J, Wesselbaum S, Beydoun K, Leitner W. Selektive katalytische Synthesen mit Kohlendioxid und Wasserstoff: Katalyse-Schach an der Nahtstelle zwischen Energie und Chemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Klankermayer
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Wesselbaum
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Kassem Beydoun
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Walter Leitner
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Deutschland
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
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30
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Cabrero-Antonino JR, Adam R, Junge K, Beller M. A general protocol for the reductive N-methylation of amines using dimethyl carbonate and molecular hydrogen: mechanistic insights and kinetic studies. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cy01401a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A general and selective ruthenium-catalyzed reductive N-methylation of primary and secondary aromatic and aliphatic amines using dimethyl carbonate as a C1 source and molecular hydrogen as a reducing agent is reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosa Adam
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
| | - Kathrin Junge
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
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31
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Dang TT, Ramalingam B, Seayad AM. Efficient Ruthenium-Catalyzed N-Methylation of Amines Using Methanol. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Thanh Dang
- Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, 8 Biomedical Grove, #07-01 Neuros, Singapore 138665
| | - Balamurugan Ramalingam
- Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, 8 Biomedical Grove, #07-01 Neuros, Singapore 138665
| | - Abdul Majeed Seayad
- Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, 8 Biomedical Grove, #07-01 Neuros, Singapore 138665
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