1
|
Leśniewska A, Przybylski P. Seven-membered N-heterocycles as approved drugs and promising leads in medicinal chemistry as well as the metal-free domino access to their scaffolds. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116556. [PMID: 38879971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Azepanes or azepines are structural motifs of many drugs, drug candidates and evaluated lead compounds. Even though compounds having N-heterocyclic 7-membered rings are often found in nature (e.g. alkaloids), the natural compounds of this group are rather rare as approved therapeutics. Thus, recently studied and approved azepane or azepine-congeners predominantly consist of semi-synthetically or synthetically-obtained scaffolds. In this review a comparison of approved drugs and recently investigated leads was proposed taking into regard their structural aspects (stereochemistry), biological activities, pharmacokinetic properties and confirmed molecular targets. The 7-membered N-heterocycles reveal a wide range of biological activities, not only against CNS diseases, but also as e.g. antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral, antiparasitic and against allergy agents. As most of the approved or investigated potential drugs or lead structures, belonging to 7-membered N-heterocycles, are synthetic scaffolds, this report also reveals different and efficient metal-free cascade approaches useful to synthesize both simple azepane or azepine-containing congeners and those of oligocyclic structures. Stereochemistry of azepane/azepine fused systems, in view of biological data and binding with the targets, is discussed. Apart from the approved drugs, we compare advances in SAR studies of 7-membered N-heterocycles (mainly from 2018 to 2023), whereas the related synthetic part concerning various domino strategies is focused on the last ten years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Leśniewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Przybylski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sheela K, Santhosh C, Singh KR, Sharath K, Sadashiva MP. An efficient synthesis of mono-, di-, and tri-substituted 1,3-thiazoles employing functionalized thioamides as thiocarbonyl precursors. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:3490-3501. [PMID: 38606459 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00229f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report an efficient strategy to synthesize functionalized 1,3-thiazoles using alkyl 2-amino-2-thioxoacetates. Thioamides, the synthetic precursors, react effortlessly with electrophilic reagents and are transformed into a series of phenyl-, methyl-, and acyl-substituted thiazoles with high functionalization at the 2nd position through sequential C-S/C-N bond formation. Rapid reaction times under metal-free mild conditions is a noteworthy feature of the reported protocol. Given the intriguing biological significance of the synthesized molecules, we further performed a comprehensive evaluation of their potency against the SARS-CoV-2 receptor (PDB ID: 7mc6) using a molecular docking approach, with binding scores ranging from -4.3 to -8.2 kcal mol-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalleshappa Sheela
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India.
| | - Chikkappaiahnayaka Santhosh
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India.
| | - Krishna Ravi Singh
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India.
| | - Kalleshappa Sharath
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maier DIH, Bezuidenhoudt BCB, Marais C. Strategies in the synthesis of dibenzo[ b,f]heteropines. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:700-718. [PMID: 37284586 PMCID: PMC10241096 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The dibenzo[b,f]azepine skeleton is important in the pharmaceutical industry, not only in terms of existing commercial antidepressants, anxiolytics and anticonvulsants, but also in reengineering for other applications. More recently, the potential of the dibenzo[b,f]azepine moiety in organic light emitting diodes and dye-sensitized solar cell dyes has been recognised, while catalysts and molecular organic frameworks with dibenzo[b,f]azepine derived ligands have also been reported. This review provides a brief overview of the different synthetic strategies to dibenzo[b,f]azepines and other dibenzo[b,f]heteropines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charlene Marais
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Novel Synthesis of Dihydroisoxazoles by p-TsOH-Participated 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Dipolarophiles withα-Nitroketones. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062565. [PMID: 36985536 PMCID: PMC10052018 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This article reports in detail a method for the synthesis of 3-benzoxoxazoline by the reaction of alkenes (alkynes) and a variety of α-nitroketones in the presence of p-TsOH. The scope of alkenes is broad, including different alkenes and the alkyne. This reaction provides a convenient and efficient synthetic method of 3-benzoylisoxazolines.
Collapse
|
5
|
Chalkha M, Nour H, Chebbac K, Nakkabi A, Bahsis L, Bakhouch M, Akhazzane M, Bourass M, Chtita S, Bin Jardan YA, Augustyniak M, Bourhia M, Aboul-Soud MA, El Yazidi M. Synthesis, Characterization, DFT Mechanistic Study, Antimicrobial Activity, Molecular Modeling, and ADMET Properties of Novel Pyrazole-isoxazoline Hybrids. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:46731-46744. [PMID: 36570248 PMCID: PMC9773794 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A series of new heterocycle hybrids incorporating pyrazole and isoxazoline rings was successfully synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their antimicrobial responses. The synthesized compounds were obtained utilizing N-alkylation and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions, as well as their structures were established through spectroscopic methods and confirmed by mass spectrometry. To get more light on the regioselective synthesis of new hybrid compounds, mechanistic studies were performed using DFT calculations with B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) basis set. Additionally, the results of the preliminary screening indicate that some of the examined hybrids showed potent antimicrobial activity, compared to standard drugs. The results confirm that the antimicrobial activity is strongly dependent on the nature of the substituents linked pyrazole and isoxazoline rings. Furthermore, molecular docking studies were conducted to highlight the interaction modes between the investigated hybrid compounds and the Escherichia coli and Candida albicans receptors. Notably, the results demonstrate that the investigated compounds have strong protein binding affinities. The stability of the formed complexes by the binding between the hybrid compound 6c, and the target proteins was also confirmed using a 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation. Finally, the prediction of ADMET properties suggests that almost all hybrid compounds possess good pharmacokinetic profiles and no signs of observed toxicity, except for compounds 6e, 6f, and 6g.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Chalkha
- Engineering
Laboratory of Organometallic, Molecular, Materials and Environment,
Faculty of Sciences Dhar EL Mahraz, Sidi
Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 1796, 30000 Fez, Morocco
| | - Hassan Nour
- Laboratory
of Analytical and Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sik, Hassan II University of Casablanca, P.O. Box 7955, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Khalid Chebbac
- Laboratory
of Biotechnology Conservation and Valorisation of Natural Resources,
Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi
Mohammed Ben Abdallah University, P.O.
Box 1796, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Asmae Nakkabi
- Engineering
Laboratory of Organometallic, Molecular, Materials and Environment,
Faculty of Sciences Dhar EL Mahraz, Sidi
Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 1796, 30000 Fez, Morocco
| | - Lahoucine Bahsis
- Laboratory
of Analytical and Molecular Chemistry, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Cadi Ayyad University, P.O. Box 4162, Safi 46000, Morocco
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of El Jadida, Chouaïb Doukkali University,
P.O. Box 20, El Jadida 24000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bakhouch
- Laboratory
of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaïb Doukkali University, P.O. Box 24, El Jadida 24000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Akhazzane
- Engineering
Laboratory of Organometallic, Molecular, Materials and Environment,
Faculty of Sciences Dhar EL Mahraz, Sidi
Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 1796, 30000 Fez, Morocco
- Cité
de l’innovation, Université
Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Route Immouzer, P.O. Box 2626, 30000 Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bourass
- Université
de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 351 Cours de la Libération, F-33405 Talence, Cédex France
| | - Samir Chtita
- Laboratory
of Analytical and Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sik, Hassan II University of Casablanca, P.O. Box 7955, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Yousef A. Bin Jardan
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Augustyniak
- Institute
of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of
Natural Sciences, University of Silesia
in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Higher
Institute of Nursing Professions and Technical Health, Laayoune 70000, Morocco
| | - Mourad A.M. Aboul-Soud
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University,
P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El Yazidi
- Engineering
Laboratory of Organometallic, Molecular, Materials and Environment,
Faculty of Sciences Dhar EL Mahraz, Sidi
Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 1796, 30000 Fez, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu XB, Gao Q, Fan JJ, Zhao ZY, Tu XQ, Cao HQ, Yu J. Anionic Chiral Co(III) Complexes Mediated Asymmetric Halocyclization─Synthesis of 5-Halomethyl Pyrazolines and Isoxazolines. Org Lett 2021; 23:9134-9139. [PMID: 34812643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An asymmetric synthesis of 5-halomethyl pyrazolines and isoxazolines which bear a tertiary stereocenter by catalytic halocyclization of β,γ-unsaturated hydrazones and ketoximes is described. By using Brønsted acids of anionic chiral Co(III) complexes as catalysts, a variety of chiral 5-halomethyl pyrazolines and isoxazolines were obtained in good yields with high enantioselectivities (up to 99% yield, 97:3 er). Preliminary bioassay results indicated that several isoxazoline derivatives exhibited significant antifungal activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bao Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.,School of Plant Protection, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Quan Gao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jun-Jie Fan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Zhao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xue-Qin Tu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hai-Qun Cao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.,School of Plant Protection, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sukrutha KP, Swaroop TR, Preetham R, Lokanath NK, Rangappa KS, Sadashiva MP. A convenient way for alkylation of amines using xanthate esters. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.1933037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
8
|
Kumar G, Shankar R. 2-Isoxazolines: A Synthetic and Medicinal Overview. ChemMedChem 2020; 16:430-447. [PMID: 33029886 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Isoxazolines are nitrogen- and oxygen-containing five-membered heterocyclic scaffolds with extensive biological activities. This framework can be readily obtained in good to excellent yields through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between nitrones with alkynes or allenes, aryl/alkyl halides, alkynes, and oxaziridines under mild conditions. This scaffold has been an emerging area of interest for many researchers given their wide range of bioactivities. Herein we review synthetic strategies toward isoxazolines and the role these efforts have had in enhancing the biological activity of natural products and synthetic compounds such as antitubercular agents, COX-1 inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors (e. g., valdecoxib), nicotinic receptor modulators, and MIF inhibitors. With a focus on efforts from 2010 onward, this review provides in-depth coverage of the design and biological evaluation of isoxazoline systems and their impact on various pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gulshan Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Campus, Jammu, 180001, India.,Bio-organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Campus, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Ravi Shankar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Campus, Jammu, 180001, India.,Bio-organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Campus, Jammu, 180001, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Thari FZ, Tachallait H, El Alaoui NE, Talha A, Arshad S, Álvarez E, Karrouchi K, Bougrin K. Ultrasound-assisted one-pot green synthesis of new N- substituted-5-arylidene-thiazolidine-2,4-dione-isoxazoline derivatives using NaCl/Oxone/Na 3PO 4 in aqueous media. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 68:105222. [PMID: 32585575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A rapid and green method for the synthesis of novel N-thiazolidine-2,4-dione isoxazoline derivatives 5 from N-allyl-5-arylidenethiazolidine-2,4-diones 3 as dipolarophiles with arylnitrile oxides via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. The corresponding N-allyl substituted dipolarophiles were prepared by one-pot method from thiazolidine-2,4-dione with aldehydes using Knoevenagel condensation followed by N-allylation of thiazolidine-2,4-dione in NaOH aqueous solution under sonication. In addition, the isoxazoline derivatives 5 were synthesized by regioselective and chemoselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition using inexpensive and mild NaCl/Oxone/Na3PO4 as a Cl source, oxidant and/or catalyst under ultrasonic irradiation in EtOH/H2O (v/v, 2:1) as green solvent. All synthesized products are furnished in good yields in the short reaction time, and then their structures were confirmed by NMR, mass spectrometry and X-ray crystallography analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Zahra Thari
- Equipe de Chimie des Plantes et de Synthèse Organique et Bioorganique, URAC23, Faculty of Science, B.P. 1014, Geophysics, Natural Patrimony and Green Chemistry (GEOPAC) Research Center, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hamza Tachallait
- Equipe de Chimie des Plantes et de Synthèse Organique et Bioorganique, URAC23, Faculty of Science, B.P. 1014, Geophysics, Natural Patrimony and Green Chemistry (GEOPAC) Research Center, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nour-Eddine El Alaoui
- Equipe de Chimie des Plantes et de Synthèse Organique et Bioorganique, URAC23, Faculty of Science, B.P. 1014, Geophysics, Natural Patrimony and Green Chemistry (GEOPAC) Research Center, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco
| | - Aicha Talha
- Equipe de Chimie des Plantes et de Synthèse Organique et Bioorganique, URAC23, Faculty of Science, B.P. 1014, Geophysics, Natural Patrimony and Green Chemistry (GEOPAC) Research Center, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco
| | - Suhana Arshad
- X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Eleuterio Álvarez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Khalid Karrouchi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Bromatology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Khalid Bougrin
- Equipe de Chimie des Plantes et de Synthèse Organique et Bioorganique, URAC23, Faculty of Science, B.P. 1014, Geophysics, Natural Patrimony and Green Chemistry (GEOPAC) Research Center, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco; Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Benguerir, Morocco.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sharma A, Talimarada D, Yadav UP, Singh N, Reddy AS, Bag D, Biswas K, Baidya A, Borale AN, Shinde D, Singh S, Holla H. Design and Synthesis of New Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors Inspired from Combretastatin A‐4: An Anticancer Agent. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Sharma
- Department of Chemistry Central University of Karnataka Kalaburagi 585367 India
| | | | - Umesh Prasad Yadav
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine Central University of Punjab Bathinda 151001 India
| | - Nidhi Singh
- Centre for Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Central University of Punjab Bathinda 151001 India
| | - A. Sudharshan Reddy
- Department of Chemistry Central University of Karnataka Kalaburagi 585367 India
| | - Debojyoti Bag
- Department of Chemistry Central University of Karnataka Kalaburagi 585367 India
| | - Krishna Biswas
- Department of Chemistry Central University of Karnataka Kalaburagi 585367 India
| | - Amit Baidya
- Department of Chemistry Central University of Karnataka Kalaburagi 585367 India
| | - Asha N Borale
- Department of Chemistry Central University of Karnataka Kalaburagi 585367 India
| | | | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine Central University of Punjab Bathinda 151001 India
| | - Harish Holla
- Department of Chemistry Central University of Karnataka Kalaburagi 585367 India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zapol’skii VA, Bilitewski U, Kupiec SR, Ramming I, Kaufmann DE. Polyhalonitrobutadienes as Versatile Building Blocks for the Biotargeted Synthesis of Substituted N-Heterocyclic Compounds. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122863. [PMID: 32575902 PMCID: PMC7355852 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Substituted nitrogen heterocycles are structural key units in many important pharmaceuticals. A new synthetic approach towards heterocyclic compounds displaying antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus or cytotoxic activity has been developed. The selective synthesis of a series of 64 new N-heterocycles from the three nitrobutadienes 2-nitroperchloro-1,3-butadiene, 4-bromotetrachloro-2-nitro-1,3-butadiene and (Z)-1,1,4-trichloro-2,4-dinitrobuta-1,3-diene proved feasible. Their reactions with N-, O- and S-nucleophiles provide rapid access to push-pull substituted benzoxazolines, benzimidazolines, imidazolidines, thiazolidinones, pyrazoles, pyrimidines, pyridopyrimidines, benzoquinolines, isothiazoles, dihydroisoxazoles, and thiophenes with unique substitution patterns. Antibacterial activities of 64 synthesized compounds were examined. Additionally, seven compounds (thiazolidinone, nitropyrimidine, indole, pyridopyrimidine, and thiophene derivatives) exhibited a significant cytotoxicity with IC50-values from 1.05 to 20.1 µM. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that polyhalonitrobutadienes have an interesting potential as structural backbones for a variety of highly functionalized, pharmaceutically active heterocycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viktor A. Zapol’skii
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Leibnizstraße 6, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany; (V.A.Z.); (S.R.K.)
| | - Ursula Bilitewski
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (U.B.); (I.R.)
| | - Sören R. Kupiec
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Leibnizstraße 6, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany; (V.A.Z.); (S.R.K.)
| | - Isabell Ramming
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (U.B.); (I.R.)
| | - Dieter E. Kaufmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Leibnizstraße 6, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany; (V.A.Z.); (S.R.K.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pai RV, Monpara JD, Vavia PR. Exploring molecular dynamics simulation to predict binding with ocular mucin: An in silico approach for screening mucoadhesive materials for ocular retentive delivery systems. J Control Release 2019; 309:190-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
13
|
Sun W, Jiang F, Liu H, Gao X, Jia H, Zhang C, Guo H. Double [3 + 2] cycloaddition of nitrile oxides with allenoates: Synthesis of spirobidihydroisoxazoles. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|