1
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Morris RH. Reactivity umpolung (reversal) of ligands in transition metal complexes. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2808-2827. [PMID: 38353155 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00979c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The success and power of homogeneous catalysis derives in large part from the wide choice of transition metal ions and their ligands. This tutorial review introduces examples where the reactivity of a ligand is completely reversed (umpolung) from Lewis basic/nucleophilic to acidic/electrophilic or vice versa on changing the metal and co-ligands. Understanding this phenomenon will assist in the rational design of catalysts and the understanding of metalloenzyme mechanisms. Labelling a metal and ligand with Seebach donor and acceptor labels helps to identify whether a reaction involving the intermolecular attack on the ligand is displaying native reactivity or reactivity umpolung. This has been done for complexes of nitriles, carbonyls, isonitriles, dinitrogen, Fischer carbenes, alkenes, alkynes, hydrides, methyls, methylidenes and alkylidenes, silylenes, oxides, imides/nitrenes, alkylidynes, methylidynes, and nitrides. The electronic influence of the metal and co-ligands is discussed in terms of the energy of (HOMO) d electrons. The energy can be related to the pKLACa (LAC is ligand acidity constant) of the theoretical hydride complexes [H-[M]-L]+ formed by the protonation of pair of valence d electrons on the metal in the [M-L] complex. Preliminary findings indicate that a negative pKLACa indicates that nucleophilic attack by a carbanion or amine on the ligand will likely occur while a positive pKLACa indicates that electrophilic attack by strong acids on the ligand will usually occur when the ligand is nitrile, carbonyl, isonitrile, alkene and η6-arene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S3H6.
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2
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Epping RF, Vesseur D, Zhou M, de Bruin B. Carbene Radicals in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Reactions. ACS Catal 2023; 13:5428-5448. [PMID: 37123600 PMCID: PMC10127290 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Discovered as organometallic curiosities in the 1970s, carbene radicals have become a staple in modern-day homogeneous catalysis. Carbene radicals exhibit nucleophilic radical-type reactivity orthogonal to classical electrophilic diamagnetic Fischer carbenes. Their successful catalytic application has led to the synthesis of a myriad of carbo- and heterocycles, ranging from simple cyclopropanes to more challenging eight-membered rings. The field has matured to employ densely functionalized chiral porphyrin-based platforms that exhibit high enantio-, regio-, and stereoselectivity. Thus far the focus has largely been on cobalt-based systems, but interest has been growing for the past few years to expand the application of carbene radicals to other transition metals. This Perspective covers the advances made since 2011 and gives an overview on the coordination chemistry, reactivity, and catalytic application of carbene radical species using transition metal complexes and catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roel F.J. Epping
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis Group, van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Vesseur
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis Group, van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Minghui Zhou
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis Group, van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis Group, van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Mao W, Fehn D, Heinemann FW, Scheurer A, van Gastel M, Jannuzzi SAV, DeBeer S, Munz D, Meyer K. Umpolung in a Pair of Cobalt(III) Terminal Imido/Imidyl Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206848. [PMID: 35674679 PMCID: PMC9541304 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of the CoI complex [(TIMMNmes)CoI](PF6) (1) (TIMMNmes=tris‐[2‐(3‐mesityl‐imidazolin‐2‐ylidene)‐methyl]amine) with mesityl azide yields the CoIII imide [(TIMMNmes)CoIII(NMes)](PF6) (2). Oxidation of 2 with [FeCp2](PF6) provides access to a rare CoIII imidyl [(TIMMNmes)Co(NMes)](PF6)2 (3). Single‐crystal X‐ray diffractometry and EPR spectroscopy confirm the molecular structure of 3 and its S=1/2
ground state. ENDOR, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and computational analyses indicate a ligand‐based oxidation; thus, an imidyl‐radical electronic structure for 3. Migratory insertion of one ancillary NHC to the imido ligand in 2 gives the CoIN‐heterocyclic imine (4) within 12 h. Conversely, it takes merely 0.5 h for 3 to transform to the CoII congener (5). The migratory insertion in 2 occurs via a nucleophilic attack of the imido ligand at the NHC to give 4, whereas in 3, a nucleophilic attack of the NHC at the electrophilic imidyl ligand yields 5. The reactivity shunt upon oxidation of 2 to 3 confirms an umpolung of the imido ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Mao
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dominik Fehn
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Maurice van Gastel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Sergio A. V. Jannuzzi
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstr. 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstr. 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Current address: Saarland University Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry Campus C4.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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4
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He F, Gourlaouen C, Pang H, Braunstein P. Experimental and Theoretical Study of Ni
II
‐ and Pd
II
‐Promoted Double Geminal C(sp
3
)−H Bond Activation Providing Facile Access to NHC Pincer Complexes: Isolated Intermediates and Mechanism. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200507. [PMID: 35543286 PMCID: PMC9401054 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report the first examples of metal‐promoted double geminal activation of C(sp3)−H bonds of the N−CH2−N moiety in an imidazole‐type heterocycle, leading to nickel and palladium N‐heterocyclic carbene complexes under mild conditions. Reaction of the new electron‐rich diphosphine 1,3‐bis((di‐tert‐butylphosphaneyl)methyl)‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazole (1) with [PdCl2(cod)] occurred in a stepwise fashion, first by single C−H bond activation yielding the alkyl pincer complex [PdCl(PCsp3HP)] (3) with two trans phosphane donors and a covalent Pd−Csp3
bond. Activation of the C−H bond of the resulting α‐methine Csp3
H−M group occurred subsequently when 3 was treated with HCl to yield the NHC pincer complex [PdCl(PCNHCP)]Cl (2). Treatment of 1 with [NiBr2(dme)] also afforded a NHC pincer complex, [NiBr(PCNHCP)]Br (6), but the reactions leading to the double geminal C−H bond activation of the N−CH2−N group were too fast to allow identification or isolation of an intermediate analogous to 3. The determination of six crystal structures, the isolation of reaction intermediates and DFT calculations provided the basis for suggesting the mechanism of the stepwise transformation of a N−CH2−N moiety in the N−CNHC−N unit of NHC pincer complexes and explain the key differences observed between the Pd and Ni chemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengkai He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu P. R. China) E-mail: s
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS) Université de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg France
| | - Christophe Gourlaouen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS) Université de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg France
| | - Huan Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu P. R. China) E-mail: s
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS) Université de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg France
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5
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Mao W, Fehn D, Heinemann FW, Scheurer A, van Gastel M, Jannuzzi SAV, DeBeer S, Munz D, Meyer K. Umpolung in a Pair of Cobalt(III) Terminal Imido/Imidyl Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Mao
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg: Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy GERMANY
| | - Dominik Fehn
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg: Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy GERMANY
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg: Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy GERMANY
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg: Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy GERMANY
| | - Maurice van Gastel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kohlenforschung Spectroscopy GERMANY
| | | | - Serena DeBeer
- Max-Planck-Institut für chemische Energiekonversion: Max-Planck-Institut fur chemische Energiekonversion Spectroscopy GERMANY
| | - Dominik Munz
- Saarland University: Universitat des Saarlandes Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg: Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Department Chemie und Pharmazie Anorganische ChemieEgerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen GERMANY
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6
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Kimura Y, Lugo-Fuentes LI, Saito S, Jimenez-Halla JOC, Barroso-Flores J, Yamamoto Y, Nakamoto M, Shang R. A boron, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic carbene (BNC) as a redox active ligand: synthesis and characterization of a lithium BNC-aurate complex. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:7899-7906. [PMID: 35535973 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01083f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stabilization of low oxidation gold anions as aurate or auride by organic ligands has long been a synthetic challenge, owing to the proneness of low-valent gold centres to cluster. Despite being the most electronegative metal, isolable gold(I) aurate complexes have only been obtained from a few σ-withdrawing organo- and organo-main group ligands. Stabilization of highly-reduced gold complexes by π-modulating redox active ligands has only been achieved by cyclic (amino)(alkyl)carbene (CAAC), which is limited to 1e--reduction to form neutral gold(0) complexes. This work reports a simple modular synthesis of a boron, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic carbene (ClBNC) at a gold(I) center through metal-assisted coupling between azadiboriridine and isocyanides. The anionic electrophilic ClBNC ligand in the gold(I) complex [(ClBNC)AuPMe3] (3a and 3b) allows a 2e--reduction to form the first η1-carbene aurate complex [(BNC)AuPMe3]Li(DME) (5a, DME = dimethoxyethane). Single crystal crystallographic analysis and computational studies of these complexes revealed a highly π-withdrawing character of the neutral 4π B,N-heterocyclic carbene (BNC) moiety and a 6π weakly aromatic character with π-donating properties to the gold(I) fragment in its reduced form, showcasing the first cyclic carbene ligand that allows electronic tunability between π-withdrawing (Fischer-type)- and π-donating (Schrock-type) properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Kimura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan.
| | - Leonardo I Lugo-Fuentes
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Campus Gto, Noria Alta s/n 36050, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Souta Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan.
| | - J Oscar C Jimenez-Halla
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Campus Gto, Noria Alta s/n 36050, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Barroso-Flores
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM México and Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km. 14.5, Unidad San Cayetano, 50200 Toluca de Lerdo, Ciudad de Méico 04510, Mexico
| | - Yohsuke Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan.
| | - Masaaki Nakamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan.
| | - Rong Shang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan.
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7
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Clapson ML, Kirkland JK, Piers WE, Ess DH, Gelfand B, Lin JB. Carbene Character in a Series of Neutral PCcarbeneP Cobalt(I) Complexes: Radical Carbenes versus Nucleophilic Carbenes. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marissa L. Clapson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Justin K. Kirkland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Warren E. Piers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Daniel H. Ess
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Benjamin Gelfand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Jian-Bin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4 Canada
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8
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Feichtner KS, Scharf LT, Scherpf T, Mallick B, Boysen N, Gessner VH. Tuning Ruthenium Carbene Complexes for Selective P-H Activation through Metal-Ligand Cooperation. Chemistry 2021; 27:17351-17360. [PMID: 34705314 PMCID: PMC9299219 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The use of iminophosphoryl‐tethered ruthenium carbene complexes to activate secondary phosphine P−H bonds is reported. Complexes of type [(p‐cymene)‐RuC(SO2Ph)(PPh2NR)] (with R = SiMe3 or 4‐C6H4−NO2) were found to exhibit different reactivities depending on the electronics of the applied phosphine and the substituent at the iminophosphoryl moiety. Hence, the electron‐rich silyl‐substituted complex undergoes cyclometallation or shift of the imine moiety after cooperative activation of the P−H bond across the M=C linkage, depending on the electronics of the applied phosphine. Deuteration experiments and computational studies proved that cyclometallation is initiated by the activation process at the M=C bond and triggered by the high electron density at the metal in the phosphido intermediates. Consistently, replacement of the trimethylsilyl (TMS) group by the electron‐withdrawing 4‐nitrophenyl substituent allowed the selective cooperative P−H activation to form stable activation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Stephan Feichtner
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lennart T Scharf
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thorsten Scherpf
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Bert Mallick
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nils Boysen
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Viktoria H Gessner
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
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9
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10
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Takahashi K, Iwasawa N. Reversible C–C Double Bond Cleavage to Form a Metal Carbene and an Alkene Enabled on an Iridium Complex Bearing a Pincer-type Alkoxycarbene Ligand. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama,
Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Iwasawa
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama,
Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
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11
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Fang W, Carpentier A, Sun X, Zhao Y, Maron L, Zhu C. Redox-induced reversible P-P coupling in a uranium complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12175-12178. [PMID: 34726673 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04765e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A synthesized redox-active multidentate N-P ligand reacted with UCl4 in the presence of KHMDS or nBuLi, where two novel U(IV) complexes with or without P-P coupling were formed, respectively. The reversible P-P coupling in these complexes was observed in redox-induced reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Ambre Carpentier
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France.
| | - Xiong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France.
| | - Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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12
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Wang Q, Manzano RA, Tinnermann H, Sung S, Leforestier B, Krämer T, Young RD. Access to and Reactivity of Fe
0
, Fe
−I
, Fe
I
, and Fe
II
PC
carbene
P Pincer Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Wang
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore Singapore
| | | | | | - Simon Sung
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore Singapore
| | - Baptiste Leforestier
- Department of Chemistry University of Warwick UK
- Department of Chemistry Maynooth University Ireland
| | | | - Rowan D. Young
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore Singapore
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13
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Liu J, Bollmeyer MM, Kim Y, Xiao D, MacMillan SN, Chen Q, Leng X, Kim SH, Zhao L, Lancaster KM, Deng L. An Isolable Mononuclear Palladium(I) Amido Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10751-10759. [PMID: 34232039 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mononuclear Pd(I) species are putative intermediates in Pd-catalyzed reactions, but our knowledge about them is limited due to difficulties in accessing them. Herein, we report the isolation of a Pd(I) amido complex, [(BINAP)Pd(NHArTrip)] (BINAP = 2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthalene, ArTrip = 2,6-bis(2',4',6'-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl), from the reaction of (BINAP)PdCl2 with LiNHArTrip. This Pd(I) amido species has been characterized by X-ray crystallography, electron paramagnetic resonance, and multiedge Pd X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Theoretical study revealed that, while the three-electron-two-center π-interaction between Pd and N in the Pd(I) complex imposes severe Pauli repulsion in its Pd-N bond, pronounced attractive interligand dispersion force aids its stabilization. In accord with its electronic features, reactions of homolytic Pd-N bond cleavage and deprotonation of primary amines are observed on the Pd(I) amido complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Melissa M Bollmeyer
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Yujeong Kim
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Dengmengfei Xiao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Samantha N MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xuebing Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Sun Hee Kim
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Lili Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Kyle M Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Liang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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14
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Wang Q, Manzano RA, Tinnermann H, Sung S, Leforestier B, Krämer T, Young RD. Access to and Reactivity of Fe 0 , Fe -I , Fe I , and Fe II PC carbene P Pincer Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18168-18177. [PMID: 34145715 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite their promising metal-ligand cooperative reactivity, PCcarbene P pincer ligands are rarely reported for first-row transition-metal centres. Using a dehydration methodology, we report access to an Fe0 PCcarbene P pincer complex (1) that proceeds via an isolated α-hydroxylalkyl hydrido complex (3). Reversible carbonyl migration to the carbene position in 1 is found to allow coordination chemistry and E-H bond addition (E=H, B, Cl) across the iron-carbene linkage, representing a unique mechanism for metal-ligand cooperativity. The PCcarbene P pincer ligand is also found to stabilize formal FeII , FeI , and Fe-I oxidation states, as demonstrated with synthesis and characterization of the complexes [11-X][BArF 20 ] (X=Br, I), 12, and K[13]. Compound K[13] is found to be highly reactive, and abstracts hydrogen from a range of aliphatic C-H sources. Computational analysis by DFT suggests that the formal FeI and Fe-I complexes contain significant carbene radical character. The ability of the PCcarbene P ligand scaffold to partake in metal-ligand cooperativity and to support a range of iron oxidation states renders it as potentially useful in many catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Richard A Manzano
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Simon Sung
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Baptiste Leforestier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, UK.,Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Ireland
| | - Tobias Krämer
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Ireland
| | - Rowan D Young
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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15
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Munz D, Meyer K. Charge frustration in ligand design and functional group transfer. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:422-439. [PMID: 37118028 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-021-00276-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecules with different resonance structures of similar importance, such as heterocumulenes and mesoionics, are prominent in many applications of chemistry, including 'click chemistry', photochemistry, switching and sensing. In coordination chemistry, similar chameleonic/schizophrenic entities are referred to as ambidentate/ambiphilic or cooperative ligands. Examples of these had remained, for a long time, limited to a handful of archetypal compounds that were mere curiosities. In this Review, we describe ambiphilicity - or, rather, 'charge frustration' - as a general guiding principle for ligand design and functional group transfer. We first give a historical account of organic zwitterions and discuss their electronic structures and applications. Our discussion then focuses on zwitterionic ligands and their metal complexes, such as those of ylidic and redox-active ligands. Finally, we present new approaches to single-atom transfer using cumulated small molecules and outline emerging areas, such as bond activation and stable donor-acceptor ligand systems for reversible 1e- chemistry or switching.
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16
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Hoffbauer MR, Iluc VM. [2+2] Cycloadditions with an Iron Carbene: A Critical Step in Enyne Metathesis. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5592-5597. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa R. Hoffbauer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Vlad M. Iluc
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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17
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Ramírez-Contreras R, Cosio MN, Park S, Bhuvanesh N, Ozerov OV. Arene Coordination Induces Migration of a Hydride to a Ru-Bound Carbene of a Pincer Ligand. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.121747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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18
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Yoo C, Dodge HM, Farquhar AH, Gardner KE, Miller AJM. Decarbonylative ether dissection by iridium pincer complexes. Chem Sci 2020; 11:12130-12138. [PMID: 34123222 PMCID: PMC8162749 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03736b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A unique chain-rupturing transformation that converts an ether functionality into two hydrocarbyl units and carbon monoxide is reported, mediated by iridium(i) complexes supported by aminophenylphosphinite (NCOP) pincer ligands. The decarbonylation, which involves the cleavage of one C-C bond, one C-O bond, and two C-H bonds, along with formation of two new C-H bonds, was serendipitously discovered upon dehydrochlorination of an iridium(iii) complex containing an aza-18-crown-6 ether macrocycle. Intramolecular cleavage of macrocyclic and acyclic ethers was also found in analogous complexes featuring aza-15-crown-5 ether or bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino groups. Intermolecular decarbonylation of cyclic and linear ethers was observed when diethylaminophenylphosphinite iridium(i) dinitrogen or norbornene complexes were employed. Mechanistic studies reveal the nature of key intermediates along a pathway involving initial iridium(i)-mediated double C-H bond activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changho Yoo
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina 27599-3290 USA
| | - Henry M Dodge
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina 27599-3290 USA
| | - Alexandra H Farquhar
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina 27599-3290 USA
| | - Kristen E Gardner
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina 27599-3290 USA
| | - Alexander J M Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina 27599-3290 USA
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19
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Tinnermann H, Young RD. C−N, C−S and S−S Bond Cleavage by Rhodium PC
carbene
P Pincer Complexes. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:2873-2878. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Tinnermann
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Rowan D. Young
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
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20
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Grass A, Bellow JA, Morrison G, Zur Loye HC, Lord RL, Groysman S. One electron reduction transforms high-valent low-spin cobalt alkylidene into high-spin cobalt(ii) carbene radical. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:8416-8419. [PMID: 32579653 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03028g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One electron reduction of formally CoIV(OR)2(CPh2) forms the [CoII(OR)2(CPh2)]- anion. Whereas low-spin Co(OR)2([double bond, length as m-dash]CPh2) demonstrated significant alkylidene character, the high-spin [Co(OR)2(CPh2)]- anion features a rare Co(ii)-carbene radical. Treatment of [Co(OR)2(CPh2)][CoCp*2] with xylyl isocyanide triggers formation of two new C-C bonds, and is likely mediated by nucleophilic attack of deprotonated CoCp*2+ on a transient ketenimine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Grass
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - James A Bellow
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Gregory Morrison
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Hans-Conrad Zur Loye
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Richard L Lord
- Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Dr, Allendale, MI 49401, USA.
| | - Stanislav Groysman
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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21
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Smith JD, Durrant G, Ess DH, Gelfand BS, Piers WE. H/D exchange under mild conditions in arenes and unactivated alkanes with C 6D 6 and D 2O using rigid, electron-rich iridium PCP pincer complexes. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10705-10717. [PMID: 34094323 PMCID: PMC8162389 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02694h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of an iridium polyhydride complex (Ir-H4) supported by an electron-rich PCP framework is described. This complex readily loses molecular hydrogen allowing for rapid room temperature hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) at the hydridic positions and the α-C-H site of the ligand with deuterated solvents such as benzene-d6, toluene-d8 and THF-d8. The removal of 1-2 equivalents of molecular H2 forms unsaturated iridium carbene trihydride (Ir-H3) or monohydride (Ir-H) compounds that are able to create further unsaturation by reversibly transferring a hydride to the ligand carbene carbon. These species are highly active hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) catalysts using C6D6 or D2O as deuterium sources for the deuteration of a variety of substrates. By modifying conditions to influence the Ir-Hn speciation, deuteration levels can range from near exhaustive to selective only for sterically accessible sites. Preparative level deuterations of select substrates were performed allowing for procurement of >95% deuterated compounds in excellent isolated yields; the catalyst can be regenerated by treatment of residues with H2 and is still active for further reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel D Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - George Durrant
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University Provo Utah 84602 USA
| | - Daniel H Ess
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University Provo Utah 84602 USA
| | - Benjamin S Gelfand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Warren E Piers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
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22
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De S, Sivendran N, Maity B, Pirkl N, Koley D, Gooßen LJ. Dinuclear PdI Catalysts in Equilibrium Isomerizations: Mechanistic Understanding, in Silico Casting, and Catalyst Development. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sriman De
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741 246, India
| | - Nardana Sivendran
- Fakultät Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Bholanath Maity
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741 246, India
| | - Nico Pirkl
- Fakultät Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Debasis Koley
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741 246, India
| | - Lukas J. Gooßen
- Fakultät Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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23
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Tinnermann H, Sung S, Cala BA, Gill HJ, Young RD. Catalytic Deoxygenation of Amine and Pyridine N-Oxides Using Rhodium PCcarbeneP Pincer Complexes. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Tinnermann
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Simon Sung
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Beatrice A. Cala
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Hashir J. Gill
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Rowan D. Young
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
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24
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Chan SC, Ang ZZ, Gupta P, Ganguly R, Li Y, Ye S, England J. Carbodicarbene Ligand Redox Noninnocence in Highly Oxidized Chromium and Cobalt Complexes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:4118-4128. [PMID: 32101411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbodicarbenes (CDCs) possess two lone pairs of electrons on their central carbone C atom (Ccarbone). Coordination to a transition metal via a σ bond leaves one pair of electrons with appropriate symmetry for π donation to the metal. However, the high energy of the latter also renders the CDC ligand potentially redox-active. Herein, we explore these alternatives in the redox series [Cr(L)2]n+ and [Co(L)2]n+ (n = 2-5), where L is a tridentate ligand comprised of a central CDC and two flanking pyridine donors. To this end, all members of both redox series were synthesized and their electronic structures were investigated by using a combination of 1H NMR, Evans' NMR, IR, UV-vis, and EPR spectroscopies, SQUID magnetometry, X-ray crystallography, and density functional theory studies. Whereas [CoII(L)2]2+ is a straightforward low-spin (S = 1/2) cobalt(II) complex, the corresponding chromium complex was found to feature an electronic structure that is intermediate between the two limiting resonance forms [CrIII(L•-)(L)]2+ and [CrII(L)2]2+. In the case of the tri-, tetra-, and pentacationic complexes, the qualitatively identical electronic structures [MIII(L)2]3+, [MIII(L•+)(L)]4+, and [MIII(L•+)2]5+ were observed for both metals. Thus, the metal ions retain a 3+ oxidation state throughout, and the higher redox states contain oxidized ligands. The majority of the unpaired spin on the cation radical ligands was calculated to be localized in π-symmetry orbitals on the coordinated Ccarbone atoms. Analogous behavior was previously reported for the corresponding iron redox series and, as such, redox noninnocence in oxidized CDC and, more broadly, carbone complexes is likely widely accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siu-Chung Chan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhi Zhong Ang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Puneet Gupta
- Max-Plank-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr D-45470, Germany
| | - Rakesh Ganguly
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yongxin Li
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Shengfa Ye
- Max-Plank-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr D-45470, Germany.,State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jason England
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
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25
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Khristolyubov DO, Lyubov DM, Shavyrin AS, Cherkasov AV, Fukin GK, Trifonov AA. Ln( ii) and Ca( ii) NC sp3N pincer type diarylmethanido complexes – promising catalysts for C–C and C–E (E = Si, P, N, S) bond formation. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi00369g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The first examples of Ln(ii) (Ln = Yb, Sm) and Ca [NCsp3N] pincer type diarylmethanido complexes were synthesized and successfully used as efficient and selective precatalyst for intermolecular C–C and C–E bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dmitry M. Lyubov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod
- Russia
| | - Andrey S. Shavyrin
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod
- Russia
| | - Anton V. Cherkasov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod
- Russia
| | - Georgy K. Fukin
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod
- Russia
| | - Alexander A. Trifonov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod
- Russia
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
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26
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van der Vlugt JI. Redox-Active Pincer Ligands. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2020_68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Wang HX, Wan Q, Wu K, Low KH, Yang C, Zhou CY, Huang JS, Che CM. Ruthenium(II) Porphyrin Quinoid Carbene Complexes: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Reactivity toward Carbene Transfer and Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:9027-9046. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qingyun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kam-Hung Low
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cong-Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jie-Sheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation, Shenzhen, China
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28
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Fayoumi A, Lyubov DM, Cherkasov AV, Fukin GK, Trifonov AA. Deprotonation of 1,1′-methylenebis[4-tert-butyl-2-(diphenylphosphino)-benzene] and its analogues: synthesis and crystal structure of {5-But-2-[4-But-2-(Ph2P)C6H3(Ph)CH]C6H3P(Ph)K(OEt2)}2. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2019.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Lapierre EA, Piers WE, Lin JB, Gendy C. Synthesis and Structures of Stable Pt II and Pt IV Alkylidenes: Evidence for π-Bonding and Relativistic Stabilization. Chemistry 2019; 25:4305-4308. [PMID: 30723967 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Isolable cationic PtII and PtIV alkylidenes, proposed intermediates in catalytic organic transformations, are reported. The bonding in these species was probed by experimental, structural, spectroscopic, electrochemical and computational methods, providing direct evidence for π-bonding, the often-theorized relativistic stabilization of these species, and the influence of oxidation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne A Lapierre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Warren E Piers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Jian-Bin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Chris Gendy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P. Deziel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Melissa R. Hoffbauer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Vlad M. Iluc
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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31
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Sung S, Tinnermann H, Krämer T, Young RD. Direct oxide transfer from an η2-keto ligand to generate a cobalt PCcarbeneP(O) pincer complex. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:9920-9924. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02313e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the direct carbonyl cleavage in a κ3-P′,(η2-C,O),P′′ ligand by a monomeric cobalt centre through metal–ligand cooperativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Sung
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
- Singapore
| | - Hendrik Tinnermann
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
- Singapore
| | - Tobias Krämer
- Department of Chemistry
- Maynooth University
- Maynooth
- Ireland
| | - Rowan D. Young
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
- Singapore
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32
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Cui P, Hoffbauer MR, Vyushkova M, Iluc VM. Oxidation reactions of a nucleophilic palladium carbene: mono and bi-radical carbenes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:9663-9668. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00585d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of mono and bi-radical carbenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cui
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Notre Dame
- Notre Dame
- USA
| | | | - Mariya Vyushkova
- Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory
- University of Notre Dame
- Notre Dame
- USA
- Center for Research Computing
| | - Vlad M. Iluc
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Notre Dame
- Notre Dame
- USA
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33
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Zhang J, Foley BJ, Bhuvanesh N, Zhou J, Janzen DE, Whited MT, Ozerov OV. Synthesis and Reactivity of Pincer-Type Cobalt Silyl and Silylene Complexes. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota 55057, United States
| | - Bryan J. Foley
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Jia Zhou
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Daron E. Janzen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, St. Catherine University, St. Paul, Minnesota 55105, United States
| | - Matthew T. Whited
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota 55057, United States
| | - Oleg V. Ozerov
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
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34
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Sung S, Wang Q, Krämer T, Young RD. Synthesis and reactivity of a PC carbeneP cobalt(i) complex: the missing link in the cobalt PXP pincer series (X = B, C, N). Chem Sci 2018; 9:8234-8241. [PMID: 30542572 PMCID: PMC6240806 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02782j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the first example of a cobalt PCcarbeneP pincer complex (1) featuring a central alkylidene carbon donor accessed through the dehydration of an alcoholic POP proligand.
We report the first example of a cobalt PCcarbeneP pincer complex (1) featuring a central alkylidene carbon donor accessed through the dehydration of an alcoholic POP proligand. Complex 1 shares bonding similarities with cobalt PBP and PNP pincer complexes where the donor atom engages in π-bonding with the cobalt centre, and thus completes the PXP (X = B, C, N) pincer ligand series for cobalt (for X donors that partake in M–L π-bonding). As compared to PBP and PNP pincer complexes, which are known to be good hydride and proton acceptors (respectively), complex 1 is found to be an effective hydrogen atom acceptor. Complex 1 partakes in cooperative ligand reactivity, engaging in several small molecule activations with styrene, bromine, carbon disulphide, phenyl acetylene, acetonitrile, hydrogen, benzaldehyde and water (through microreversibility). The mechanism for the formation of complex 1 is studied through the isolation and computational analysis of key intermediates. The formation of 1 is found to avoid C–H activation of the proligand, and instead proceeds through a combination of O–H activation, hydrogen atom transfer, β-hydride elimination and hydrogen activation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Sung
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3 , Singapore 117543 .
| | - Qingyang Wang
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3 , Singapore 117543 .
| | - Tobias Krämer
- Department of Chemistry , Maynooth University , Maynooth , Ireland
| | - Rowan D Young
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3 , Singapore 117543 .
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35
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LaPierre EA, Piers WE, Gendy C. Divergent Reactivity of CO2, CO, and Related Substrates at the Nickel Carbon Double Bond of (PCcarbeneP)Ni(II) Pincer Complexes. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Etienne A. LaPierre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Warren E. Piers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Chris Gendy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
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36
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Albéniz AC. Reactive Palladium Carbenes: Migratory Insertion and Other Carbene–Hydrocarbyl Coupling Reactions on Well‐Defined Systems. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Albéniz
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica Universidad de Valladolid 47071 Valladolid Spain
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Hoffbauer MR, Comanescu CC, Dymm BJ, Iluc VM. Influence of the Leaving Group on C–H Activation Pathways in Palladium Pincer Complexes. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa R. Hoffbauer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Cezar C. Comanescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Brittany J. Dymm
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Vlad M. Iluc
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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38
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Khristolyubov DO, Lyubov DM, Cherkasov AV, Fukin GK, Shavyrin AS, Trifonov AA. Alkali-Metal Alkyl Complexes with the Tridentate Benzhydryl Ligand [2,2′-(4-MeC6H4NMe2)2CH]−. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry O. Khristolyubov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Dmitry M. Lyubov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Anton V. Cherkasov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Georgy K. Fukin
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Andrey S. Shavyrin
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Trifonov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 28, 119334 Moscow, Russia
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39
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LaPierre EA, Piers WE, Gendy C. Redox-state dependent activation of silanes and ammonia with reverse polarity (PCcarbeneP)Ni complexes: electrophilic vs. nucleophilic carbenes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:16789-16797. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04409k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A rigidified PCalkylP ligand allowed for the synthesis and characterization of cationic and radical PCCarbeneP nickel complexes in which the carbene anchor of the pincer framework is electrophilic rather than nucleophilic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne A. LaPierre
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calgary
- 2500 University Drive NW
- Calgary
- Canada
| | - Warren E. Piers
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calgary
- 2500 University Drive NW
- Calgary
- Canada
| | - Chris Gendy
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calgary
- 2500 University Drive NW
- Calgary
- Canada
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40
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Feichtner KS, Gessner VH. Cooperative bond activation reactions with carbene complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:6540-6553. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02198h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the recent advances in the application of carbene complexes in bond activation reactions via metal–ligand cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Stephan Feichtner
- Inorganic Chemistry II
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Ruhr University Bochum
- 44801 Bochum
- Germany
| | - Viktoria H. Gessner
- Inorganic Chemistry II
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Ruhr University Bochum
- 44801 Bochum
- Germany
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41
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42
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Kosanovich AJ, Jordan AM, Bhuvanesh N, Ozerov OV. Synthesis and characterization of rhodium, iridium, and palladium complexes of a diarylamido-based PNSb pincer ligand. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:11619-11624. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02207k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A new diarylmido-based pincer proto ligand (iPrPNHSbPh) with one –PPri2 and one –SbPh2 side donor has been synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aldo M. Jordan
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
| | | | - Oleg. V. Ozerov
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
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43
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Puerta Lombardi BM, Brown RM, Gendy C, Chang CY, Chivers T, Roesler R. Nickel and Platinum PCP Pincer Complexes Incorporating an Acyclic Diaminoalkyl Central Moiety Connecting Imidazole or Pyrazole Rings. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Braulio M. Puerta Lombardi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Rudy M. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Chris Gendy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Chia Yun Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Tristram Chivers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Roland Roesler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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44
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Kriegel BM, Kaltsoyannis N, Chatterjee R, Bergman RG, Arnold J. Synthesis and Redox Chemistry of a Tantalum Alkylidene Complex Bearing a Metallaimidazole Ring. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Kriegel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Nikolas Kaltsoyannis
- School
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Ruchira Chatterjee
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Robert G. Bergman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John Arnold
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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45
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Sung S, Joachim T, Krämer T, Young RD. Protonolysis of an α-Hydroxyl Ligand for the Generation of a PCcarbeneP Pincer Complex and Subsequent Reactivity Studies. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Sung
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Timothy Joachim
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Tobias Krämer
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Rowan D. Young
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
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46
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Feichtner KS, Scherpf T, Gessner VH. Cooperative Bond Activation Reactions with Ruthenium Carbene Complex PhSO2(Ph2PNSiMe3)C═Ru(p-cymene): Ru═C and N–Si Bond Reactivity. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Stephan Feichtner
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Thorsten Scherpf
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Viktoria H. Gessner
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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47
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Barrett BJ, Iluc VM. Metal-ligand cooperation between palladium and a diphosphine ligand with an olefinic backbone. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2016.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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48
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Barrett BJ, Iluc VM. An Adaptable Chelating Diphosphine Ligand for the Stabilization of Palladium and Platinum Carbenes. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany J. Barrett
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Vlad M. Iluc
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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49
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Goswami M, de Bruin B, Dzik WI. Difluorocarbene transfer from a cobalt complex to an electron-deficient alkene. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:4382-4385. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc01418j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A Co(ii) porphyrin complex catalyses difluorocarbene transfer to an acrylate using TMSCF3 as the source of CF2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Goswami
- Homogeneous
- Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
- University of Amsterdam
- Science Park 904
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous
- Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
- University of Amsterdam
- Science Park 904
| | - Wojciech I. Dzik
- Homogeneous
- Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
- University of Amsterdam
- Science Park 904
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50
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The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2015. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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