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Li G, Li S, Li X, He W, Tan X, Liang J, Zhou Z. A novel electrochemical aptasensor based on NrGO-H-Mn 3O 4 NPs integrated CRISPR/Cas12a system for ultrasensitive low-density lipoprotein determination. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:547. [PMID: 39162876 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06628-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) has become one of the leading death causes in humans. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is an important biomarker for assessing ASCVD risk level. Thus, monitoring LDL levels can be an important means for early diagnosis of ASCVD. Herein, a novel electrochemical aptasensor for determination LDL was designed based on nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide-hemin-manganese oxide nanoparticles (NrGO-H-Mn3O4 NPs) integrated with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and associated proteins (CRISPR/Cas12a) system. NrGO-H-Mn3O4 NPs not only have a large surface area and remarkable enhanced electrical conductivity but also the interconversion of different valence states of iron in hemin can provide an electrical signal. Nonspecific single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) was bound to NrGO-H-Mn3O4 NPs to form a signaling probe and was immobilized on the electrode surface. The CRISPR/Cas12a system has excellent trans-cleavage activity, which can be used to cleave ssDNA, thus detaching the NrGO-H-Mn3O4 NPs from the sensing interface and attenuating the electrical signal. Significant signal change triggered by the target was ultimately obtained, thus achieving sensitive detection of the LDL in range from 0.005 to 1000.0 nM with the detection limit of 0.005 nM. The proposed sensor exhibited good stability, selectivity, and stability and achieved reliable detection of LDL in serum samples, demonstrating its promising application prospects for the diagnostic application of LDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyin Li
- College of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Guandu Road, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, People's Republic of China.
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, School of Intellectual Property, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shengnan Li
- College of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Guandu Road, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, People's Republic of China
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, School of Intellectual Property, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhao Li
- College of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Guandu Road, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, People's Republic of China
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, School of Intellectual Property, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei He
- College of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Guandu Road, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Tan
- College of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Guandu Road, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jintao Liang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, School of Intellectual Property, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhide Zhou
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, School of Intellectual Property, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, People's Republic of China.
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Rudewicz-Kowalczyk D, Grabowska I. Simultaneous Electrochemical Detection of LDL and MDA-LDL Using Antibody-Ferrocene or Anthraquinone Conjugates Coated Magnetic Beads. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24066005. [PMID: 36983078 PMCID: PMC10056855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24066005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The simultaneous detection of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACSVD) biomarkers was recently of great scientific interest. In this work, magnetic beads-based immunosensors for the simultaneous detection of low density lipoprotein (LDL) and malondialdehyde-modified low density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL) were presented. The approach proposed was based on the formation of two types of specific immunoconjugates consisting of monoclonal antibodies: anti-LDL or anti-MDA-LDL, together with redox active molecules: ferrocene and anthraquinone, respectively, coated on magnetic beads (MBs). The decrease in redox agent current in the concentration range: 0.001-1.0 ng/mL for LDL and 0.01-10.0 ng/mL for MDA-LDL, registered by square wave voltammetry (SWV), was observed upon the creation of complex between LDL or MDA-LDL and appropriate immunoconjugates. The detection limits of 0.2 ng/mL for LDL and 0.1 ng/mL for MDA-LDL were estimated. Moreover, the results of selectivity against the possible interferents were good, as human serum albumin (HSA) and high density lipoprotein (HDL), stability and recovery studies demonstrated the potential of platform proposed for early prognosis and diagnosis of ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Rudewicz-Kowalczyk
- Institute of Animal Reproduction of Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Iwona Grabowska
- Institute of Animal Reproduction of Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
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Development of conducting cellulose paper for electrochemical sensing of procalcitonin. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 190:32. [PMID: 36534199 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05596-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical paper-based sensor was developed for the detection of bacterial infection (BI)-specific biomarker procalcitonin (PCT). Reduced graphene oxide-gold nanoparticles (rGO-AuNP) and poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) were synthesized and were fabricated to a disposable, portable, and inexpensive cellulose fiber paper (CFP) substrate. rGO-AuNP-PEDOT:PSS nanocomposite-modified conductive paper-based biosensing platform was efficaciously fabricated by a constant and simple coating procedure. rGO-AuNP-PEDOT:PSS nanocomposite-modified conductive paper electrode was found to provide a sensitive and conductive substrate for PCT detection. The presence of rGO-AuNP-PEDOT:PSS nanocomposite on CFP substate was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction studies. The electrochemical behavior of rGO-AuNP-PEDOT:PSS @CFP surface was studied with impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and chronoamperometry techniques. This low-cost paper-based biosensor has a linear range for PCT of 1 × 103 to 6 × 107 fg mL-1. This developed sensor exhibited good reproducibility with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of about 3.7%. The proposed CFP-based biosensor has been proven as an accelerated simple point-of-care (POC) exploratory approach for early PCT diagnosis in inadequate areas with limited production facilities, computational techniques, and highly skilled experts.
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Stability improvement of polyaniline nanocomposite immunosensor for early detection of insulin receptor antibody as biomarker of type 2 diabetes. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:439. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05503-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Antibody–Ferrocene Conjugates as a Platform for Electro-Chemical Detection of Low-Density Lipoprotein. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175492. [PMID: 36080260 PMCID: PMC9458124 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a cardiac biomarker identified in the pathology of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Typically, the level of LDL is calculated using the Friedewald relationship based on measured values of total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), and triglycerides. Unfortunately, this approach leads to some errors in calculation. Therefore, direct methods that can be used for fast and accurate detection of LDL are needed. The purpose of this study was to develop an electrochemical platform for the detection of LDL based on an antibody–ferrocene conjugate. An anti-apolipoprotein B-100 antibody labeled with ferrocene was covalently immobilized on the layer of 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) on the surface of gold electrodes. Upon interaction between LDL and the antibody–ferrocene conjugate, a decrease in the ferrocene redox signal registered by square wave voltammetry was observed, which depends linearly on the concentration from 0.01 ng/mL to 1.0 ng/mL. The obtained limit of detection was equal to 0.53 ng/mL. Moreover, the satisfied selectivity toward human serum albumin (HSA), HDL, and malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL) was observed. In addition, the acceptable recovery rates of LDL in human serum samples indicate the possible application of immunosensors presented in clinical diagnostics.
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Detection and Real-Time Monitoring of LDL-Cholesterol by Redox-Free Impedimetric Biosensors. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-022-00058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Ultrasensitive early detection of insulin antibody employing novel electrochemical nano-biosensor based on controllable electro-fabrication process. Talanta 2022; 238:122947. [PMID: 34857352 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An ultrasensitive novel electrochemical nano-biosensor for rapid detection of insulin antibodies against diabetes antigens was developed in this research. The presence of insulin antibodies has been demonstrated to be a strong predictor for the development of type 1 diabetes in individuals who do not have diabetes but are genetically predisposed. The proposed nano-biosensor fabrication process was based on the optimized sequential electropolymerization of polyaniline and electrodeposition of gold nanoparticles on the surface of the functionalized gold electrode. The morphological and chemical characterization of the modified electrode was studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and micro Raman spectroscopy. Moreover, the role of each component in the modification of the electrode was studied by electrochemical methods systematically. After immobilizing insulin antigen and blocking with bovine serum albumin, the nano-biosensor was used for determining different concentrations of insulin antibody under the optimal conditions. This nano-biosensor could respond to insulin antibody with a linear calibration range from 0.001 ng ml-1 to 1000 ng ml-1 with the detection limit of 0.017 pg ml-1 and 0.034 pg ml-1 and selectivity of 18.544 μA ng-1 ml.cm-2 and 31.808 μA ng-1 ml.cm-2 via differential pulse voltammetry and square wave voltammetry, respectively. This novel nano-biosensor exhibited a short response time, high sensitivity, and good reproducibility. It was successfully used in determining the insulin antibody in human samples with a standard error of less than 0.178. Therefore, the nano-biosensor has the potential for the application of early detection of type 1 diabetes. To our best knowledge, label-free electrochemical detection of insulin antibody based on immunosensor is developed for the first time.
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Rudewicz-Kowalczyk D, Grabowska I. Detection of Low Density Lipoprotein-Comparison of Electrochemical Immuno- and Aptasensor. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21227733. [PMID: 34833808 PMCID: PMC8620298 DOI: 10.3390/s21227733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An elevated level of low density lipoprotein (LDL) can lead to the cardiovascular system-related diseases, such as atherosclerosis and others. Therefore, fast, simple, and accurate methods for LDL detection are very desirable. In this work, the parameters characterizing the electrochemical immuno-and aptasensor for detection of LDL have been compared for the first time. An immunosensor has been designed, for which the anti-apolipoprotein B-100 antibody was covalently attached to 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) on the surface of the gold electrode. In the case of an aptasensor, the gold electrode was modified in a mixture of ssDNA aptamer specific for LDL modified with –SH group and 6-mercaptohexanol. Square-wave voltammetry has been used for detection of LDL in PBS containing redox active marker, [Fe(CN)6]3−/4−. Our results show the linear dependence of [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− redox signal changes on LDL concentration for both biosensors, in the range from 0.01 ng/mL to 1.0 ng/mL. The limit of detection was 0.31 and 0.25 ng/mL, for immuno- and aptasensor, respectively. Whereas slightly better selectivity toward human serum albumin (HSA), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and malondialdehyde modified low density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL) has been observed for aptasensor. Moreover, the other components of human blood serum samples did not influence aptasensor sensitivity.
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Augustine S, Kumar P, Malhotra BD. Amine-Functionalized MoO3@RGO Nanohybrid-Based Biosensor for Breast Cancer Detection. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:5366-5378. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shine Augustine
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042 India
| | - Pragati Kumar
- Administrative Supervisor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042 India
| | - Bansi D. Malhotra
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042 India
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Lu S, Yu T, Wang Y, Liang L, Chen Y, Xu F, Wang S. Nanomaterial-based biosensors for measurement of lipids and lipoproteins towards point-of-care of cardiovascular disease. Analyst 2018; 142:3309-3321. [PMID: 28828428 DOI: 10.1039/c7an00847c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become the primary cause of global deaths and inflicts an enormous healthcare burden on both developed and developing countries. Frequent monitoring of CVD-associated risk factors such as the level of lipids (e.g., triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC)) and lipoproteins (e.g., low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)) can effectively help prevent disease progression and improve clinical outcomes. However, measurement of these risk factors is generally integrated into an automated analyzer, which is prohibitively expensive and highly instrument-dependent for routine testing in primary care settings. As such, a variety of rapid, simple and portable nanomaterial-based biosensors have been developed for measuring the level of lipids (TG and TC) and lipoproteins (LDL and HDL) towards the management of CVD at the point-of-care (POC). In this review, we first summarize traditional methods for measurement of lipids and lipoproteins, and then present the latest advances in developing nanomaterial-based biosensors that can potentially monitor the risk factors of CVD at the POC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siming Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China.
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11
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Farzin L, Shamsipur M, Samandari L, Sheibani S. Recent advances in designing nanomaterial based biointerfaces for electrochemical biosensing cardiovascular biomarkers. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 161:344-376. [PMID: 30205301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is critically important for successful treatment and recovery of patients. At present, detection of CVD at early stages of its progression becomes a major issue for world health. The nanoscale electrochemical biosensors exhibit diverse outstanding properties, rendering them extremely suitable for the determination of CVD biomarkers at very low concentrations in biological fluids. The unique advantages offered by electrochemical biosensors in terms of sensitivity and stability imparted by nanostructuring the electrode surface together with high affinity and selectivity of bioreceptors have led to the development of new electrochemical biosensing strategies that have introduced as interesting alternatives to conventional methodologies for clinical diagnostics of CVD. This review provides an updated overview of selected examples during the period 2005-2018 involving electrochemical biosensing approaches and signal amplification strategies based on nanomaterials, which have been applied for determination of CVD biomarkers. The studied CVD biomarkers include AXL receptor tyrosine kinase, apolipoproteins, cholesterol, C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, fibrinogen (Fib), glucose, insulin, interleukins, lipoproteins, myoglobin, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and troponins (Tns) on electrochemical transduction format. Identification of new specific CVD biomarkers, multiplex bioassay for the simultaneous determination of biomarkers, emergence of microfluidic biosensors, real-time analysis of biomarkers and point of care validation with high sensitivity and selectivity are the major challenges for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Farzin
- Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, 11365-3486, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Shamsipur
- Department of Chemistry, Razi University, 67149-67346, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Leila Samandari
- Department of Chemistry, Razi University, 67149-67346, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shahab Sheibani
- Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, 11365-3486, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Electrochemical sensor and biosensor platforms based on advanced nanomaterials for biological and biomedical applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 103:113-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 472] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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13
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Devarakonda S, Singh R, Bhardwaj J, Jang J. Cost-Effective and Handmade Paper-Based Immunosensing Device for Electrochemical Detection of Influenza Virus. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 17:E2597. [PMID: 29137115 PMCID: PMC5713655 DOI: 10.3390/s17112597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Although many studies concerning the detection of influenza virus have been published, a paper-based, label-free electrochemical immunosensor has never been reported. Here, we present a cost-effective, handmade paper-based immunosensor for label-free electrochemical detection of influenza virus H1N1. This immunosensor was prepared by modifying paper with a spray of hydrophobic silica nanoparticles, and using stencil-printed electrodes. We used a glass vaporizer to spray the hydrophobic silica nanoparticles onto the paper, rendering it super-hydrophobic. The super-hydrophobicity, which is essential for this paper-based biosensor, was achieved via 30-40 spray coatings, corresponding to a 0.39-0.41 mg cm-2 coating of nanoparticles on the paper and yielding a water contact angle of 150° ± 1°. Stencil-printed carbon electrodes modified with single-walled carbon nanotubes and chitosan were employed to increase the sensitivity of the sensor, and the antibodies were immobilized via glutaraldehyde cross-linking. Differential pulse voltammetry was used to assess the sensitivity of the sensors at various virus concentrations, ranging from 10 to 10⁴ PFU mL-1, and the selectivity was assessed against MS2 bacteriophages and the influenza B viruses. These immunosensors showed good linear behaviors, improved detection times (30 min), and selectivity for the H1N1 virus with a limit of detection of 113 PFU mL-1, which is sufficiently sensitive for rapid on-site diagnosis. The simple and inexpensive methodologies developed in this study have great potential to be used for the development of a low-cost and disposable immunosensor for detection of pathogenic microorganisms, especially in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaranjani Devarakonda
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea.
| | - Renu Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea.
| | - Jyoti Bhardwaj
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea.
| | - Jaesung Jang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea.
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14
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Cosham SD, Richards SP, Manning T, Hill MS, Johnson AL, Molloy KC. Precursors for p‐Type Nickel Oxide: Atmospheric‐Pressure Metal–Organic Chemical‐Vapour Deposition (MOCVD) of Nickel Oxide Thin Films with High Work Functions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201601419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Troy Manning
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool L69 7ZF Liverpool UK
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Singh R, Hong S, Jang J. Label-free Detection of Influenza Viruses using a Reduced Graphene Oxide-based Electrochemical Immunosensor Integrated with a Microfluidic Platform. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42771. [PMID: 28198459 PMCID: PMC5309888 DOI: 10.1038/srep42771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) has recently gained considerable attention for use in electrochemical biosensing applications due to its outstanding conducting properties and large surface area. This report presents a novel microfluidic chip integrated with an RGO-based electrochemical immunosensor for label-free detection of an influenza virus, H1N1. Three microelectrodes were fabricated on a glass substrate using the photolithographic technique, and the working electrode was functionalized using RGO and monoclonal antibodies specific to the virus. These chips were integrated with polydimethylsiloxane microchannels. Structural and morphological characterizations were performed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Electrochemical studies revealed good selectivity and an enhanced detection limit of 0.5 PFU mL-1, where the chronoamperometric current increased linearly with H1N1 virus concentration within the range of 1 to 104 PFU mL-1 (R2 = 0.99). This microfluidic immunosensor can provide a promising platform for effective detection of biomolecules using minute samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Singh
- School of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongkyeol Hong
- School of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesung Jang
- School of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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Shikha S, Salafi T, Cheng J, Zhang Y. Versatile design and synthesis of nano-barcodes. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:7054-7093. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00271h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a critical discussion on the versatile designing and usage of nano-barcodes for various existing and emerging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Shikha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- National University of Singapore (NUS)
- 117583 Singapore
| | - Thoriq Salafi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- National University of Singapore (NUS)
- 117583 Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering
| | - Jinting Cheng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)
- Agency for Science
- Technology and Research (A*STAR)
- Singapore
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- National University of Singapore (NUS)
- 117583 Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering
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