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Khanra P, Rajdev P, Das A. Seed-Induced Living Two-Dimensional (2D) Supramolecular Polymerization in Water: Implications on Protein Adsorption and Enzyme Inhibition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400486. [PMID: 38265331 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
In biological systems, programmable supramolecular frameworks characterized by coordinated directional non-covalent interactions are widespread. However, only a small number of reports involve pure water-based dynamic supramolecular assembly of artificial π-amphiphiles, primarily due to the formidable challenge of counteracting the strong hydrophobic dominance of the π-surface in water, leading to undesired kinetic traps. This study reveals the pathway complexity in hydrogen-bonding-mediated supramolecular polymerization of an amide-functionalized naphthalene monoimide (NMI) building block with a hydrophilic oligo-oxyethylene (OE) wedge. O-NMI-2 initially produced entropically driven, collapsed spherical particles in water (Agg-1); however, over a span of 72 h, these metastable Agg-1 gradually transformed into two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets (Agg-2), favoured by both entropy and enthalpy contributions. The intricate self-assembly pathways in O-NMI-2 enable us to explore seed-induced living supramolecular polymerization (LSP) in water for controlled synthesis of monolayered 2D assemblies. Furthermore, we demonstrated the nonspecific surface adsorption of a model enzyme, serine protease α-Chymotrypsin (α-ChT), and consequently the enzyme activity, which could be regulated by controlling the morphological transformation of O-NMI-2 from Agg-1 to Agg-2. We delve into the thermodynamic aspects of such shape-dependent protein-surface interactions and unravel the impact of seed-induced LSP on temporally controlling the catalytic activity of α-ChT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payel Khanra
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Priya Rajdev
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Anindita Das
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
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Khamrui R, Manna RN, Rajdev P, Paul A, Ghosh S. Impact of the Hydrogen-Bonding Functional Group on Hydrogelation of Amphiphilic Naphthalene-diimide Derivatives and Nonspecific Protein Adsorption. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:5410-5417. [PMID: 36251686 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript reports the effect of hydrogen-bonding functionality on the supramolecular assembly of naphthalene-diimide (NDI)-derived amphiphilic building blocks in water. All the molecules contain a central NDI chromophore, functionalized with a hydrophilic oligo-oxyethylene (OE) wedge in one arm and a phenyl group on the opposite arm. They differ by a single H-bonding functionality, which links the NDI chromophore and the phenyl moiety. The H-bonding functionalities are amide, thioamide, urea, and urethane in NDI-A, NDI-TA, NDI-U, and NDI-UT, respectively. All of these molecules exhibit π-stacking in water, as evident from their distinct UV/vis absorption spectra when compared to that of the monomeric dye in THF. However, among these four, only NDI-A and NDI-TA show hydrogelation, while the other two precipitate out of the medium. The NDI-A hydrogel also exhibits transient stability and leads to a crystalline precipitate within ∼5 h. Only NDI-TA produces stable transparent hydrogel with the entangled fibrillar morphology that is typical for gelators. Both NDI-A and NDI-TA showed a thermoresponsive property with a lower critical solution temperature of about 41-42 °C. Powder XRD studies show a parallel orientation for NDI-A and an antiparallel orientation for NDI-TA. Computational studies support this experimental observation and indicate that the NDI-A assembly is highly stabilized by strong H-bonding among the amide groups and π-stacking interaction in the parallel orientation. On the other hand, due to weak H-bonding among the thioamide groups, the binding energy of the parallelly oriented NDI-TA was significantly lower and the optimized structure was disordered. Instead, its antiparallel orientation was more stable, with criss-cross aligned H-bonding interactions and π-π interactions between adjacent aromatic rings. The NDI-TA hydrogel with less ordered OE chains on the surface showed prominent adsorption of serum protein BSA. In sharp contrast, NDI-A did not exhibit any notable interaction with BSA, as evident from the ITC studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Khamrui
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Rabindra Nath Manna
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Priya Rajdev
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ankan Paul
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
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One Fluorophore‐Two Sensing Films: Hydrogen‐Bond Directed Formation of a Quadruple Perylene Bisimide Stack. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201974. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Park JH, Kim MH, Seo ML, Lee JH, Jung JH. In Situ Supramolecular Gel Formed by Cyclohexane Diamine with Aldehyde Derivative. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:400. [PMID: 35160389 PMCID: PMC8840383 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight gels have great potential for use in a variety of fields, including petrochemicals, healthcare, and tissue engineering. These supramolecular gels are frequently metastable, implying that their properties are kinetically controlled to some extent. Here, we report on the in situ supramolecular gel formation by mixing 1,3-cyclohexane diamine (1) and isocyanate derivative (2) without any catalysis at room temperature in various organic solvents. A mixture of building blocks 1 and 2 in various organic solvents, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, toluene, and 1,4-dioxane, resulted in the stable formation of supramolecular gel at room temperature within 60-100 s. This gel formation was caused by the generation of urea moieties, which allows for the formation of intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions via reactions 1 and 2. In situ supramolecular gels demonstrated a typical entangled fiber structure with a width of 600 nm and a length of several hundred μm. In addition, the supramolecular gels were thermally reversible by heating and cooling. The viscoelastic properties of supramolecular gels in strain and frequency sweets were enhanced by increasing the concentration of a mixed 1 and 2. Furthermore, the supramolecular gels displayed a thixotropic effect, indicating a thermally reversible gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyeon Park
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (M.-H.K.)
| | - Min-Hye Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (M.-H.K.)
| | - Moo-Lyong Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (M.-H.K.)
| | - Ji-Ha Lee
- Chemical Engineering Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Jong-Hwa Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (M.-H.K.)
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Design, preparation and applications of gel nanocomposites from bile acids – A brief review. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Rajdev P, Ghosh S. Thermodynamic Insights into Protein Adsorption on Supramolecular Assemblies of π-Amphiphiles. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:8981-8988. [PMID: 34324355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c03283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nonspecific adsorption of proteins on the surface of nanocarriers plays a critical role in their cellular uptake and other biological functions. This article reports vesicular assemblies of two π-amphiphiles (NDI-1 and NDI-2) and thermodynamic aspects of their interaction with bovine serum albumin (BSA). Both contain a hydrophobic naphthalene-diimide (NDI) core and two oligo-oxyethylene (OE) wedges but differ by the presence of the hydrazide group in NDI-1. NDI-2 exhibits a constricted π-stacking and enthalpy-driven adsorption of BSA. In contrast, NDI-1 exhibits a stronger interaction due to enhanced entropy contribution. It is postulated that a tight packing of NDI chromophores in NDI-2 results in an inadequate space in the corona, leading to the dehydration of OE chains, which contributes to the observed enthalpy-driven binding. On the other hand, due to H-bonding along the direction of π-stacking in NDI-1, an enhanced interchromophoric distance provides more space in the shell, resulting in less dehydration of the OE chains, which results in an entropy gain from the BSA binding-induced release of water from the OE chains. Intercalation of an electron-rich pyrene in the electron-deficient NDI-1 stack further reduces the grafting density of the OE chains, resulting in negligible BSA adsorption, similar to a stealth polymer. A correlation can be seen between the thermodynamic landscape of the protein adsorption and the trend of their lower critical solution temperature (LCST), which follows the order NDI-1 + Py < NDI-1 < NDI-2.
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Chakraborty A, Manna RN, Paul A, Ghosh S. Externally Regulated Specific Molecular Recognition Driven Pathway Selectivity in Supramolecular Polymerization. Chemistry 2021; 27:11458-11467. [PMID: 33978984 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This article reveals 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) regulated pathway selectivity in the supramolecular polymerization of a naphthalene-diimide derivative (NDI-1), appended with a carboxylic acid group. In decane, NDI-1 produces ill-defined aggregate (Agg-1) due to different H-bonding motifs of the -COOH group. With one mole equivalent DMAP, the NDI-1/DMAP complex introduces new nucleation condition and exhibits a cooperative supramolecular polymerization producing J-aggregated fibrillar nanostructure (Agg-2). With 10 % DMAP and fast cooling (10 K/min), similar nucleation and open chain H-bonding with the free monomer in an anti-parallel arrangement produces identical J-aggregate (Agg-2a). With 2.5 % DMAP and slow cooling (1 K/min), a distinct nucleation and supramolecular polymerization pathway emerge leading to the thermodynamically controlled Agg-3 with face-to-face stacking and 2D-morphology. Slow cooling with 5-10 % DMAP produces a mixture of Agg-2a and Agg-3. Computational modelling studies provide valuable insights into the internal order and the pathway complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwesha Chakraborty
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, India-, 700032
| | - Rabindra Nath Manna
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, India-, 700032
| | - Ankan Paul
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, India-, 700032
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, India-, 700032
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Matoba S, Kanzaki C, Yamashita K, Kusukawa T, Fukuhara G, Okada T, Narushima T, Okamoto H, Numata M. Directional Supramolecular Polymerization in a Dynamic Microsolution: A Linearly Moving Polymer's End Striking Monomers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8731-8746. [PMID: 34060820 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Although directional chain reactions are common in nature's self-assembly processes and in covalent polymerizations, it has been challenging to perform such processes in artificial one-dimensional self-assembling systems. In this paper, we describe a system, employing perylene bisimide (PBI) derivatives as monomers, for selectively activating one end of a supramolecular polymer during its growth and, thereby, realizing directional supramolecular polymerization. Upon introduction of a solution containing only a single PBI monomer into the microflow channel, nucleation was induced spontaneously. The dependency of the aggregation efficiency on the flow rate suggested that the shear force facilitated collisions among the monomers to overcome the activation energy required for nucleation. Next, by introducing a solution containing both monomer and polymer, we investigated how the shear force influenced the monomer-polymer interactions. In situ fluorescence spectra and linear dichroism revealed that growth of the polymers was accelerated only when they were oriented under the influence of shear stress. Upon linear motion of the oriented polymer, polymer growth at that single end became predominant relative to the nucleation of freely diffusing monomers. When applying this strategy to a two-monomer system, the second (less active) monomer reacted selectively at the forward-facing terminus of the first polymer, leading to the creation of a diblock copolymer through formation of a molecular heterojunction. This strategy-friction-induced activation of a single end of a polymer-should be applicable more generally to directional supramolecular block copolymerizations of various functional molecules, allowing molecular heterojunctions to be made at desired positions in a polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Matoba
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Chisako Kanzaki
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Kae Yamashita
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kusukawa
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Gaku Fukuhara
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan.,JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Okada
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Narushima
- Institute for Molecular Science and The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai), 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Hiromi Okamoto
- Institute for Molecular Science and The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai), 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Munenori Numata
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
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Syamala PPN, Soberats B, Görl D, Gekle S, Würthner F. Thermodynamic insights into the entropically driven self-assembly of amphiphilic dyes in water. Chem Sci 2019; 10:9358-9366. [PMID: 32110300 PMCID: PMC7017873 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03103k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly of amphiphilic dyes and π-systems are more difficult to understand and to control in water compared to organic solvents due to the hydrophobic effect. Herein, we elucidate in detail the self-assembly of a series of archetype bolaamphiphiles bearing a naphthalene bisimide (NBI) π-core with appended oligoethylene glycol (OEG) dendrons of different size. By utilizing temperature-dependent UV-vis spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), we have dissected the enthalpic and entropic parameters pertaining to the molecules' self-assembly. All investigated compounds show an enthalpically disfavored aggregation process leading to aggregate growth and eventually precipitation at elevated temperature, which is attributed to the dehydration of oligoethylene glycol units and their concomitant conformational changes. Back-folded conformation of the side chains plays a major role, as revealed by molecular dynamics (MD) and two dimensional NMR (2D NMR) studies, in directing the association. The sterical effect imparted by the jacketing of monomers and dimers also changes the aggregation mechanism from isodesmic to weakly anti-cooperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep P N Syamala
- Universität Würzburg , Institut für Organische Chemie , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Bartolome Soberats
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Daniel Görl
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Stephan Gekle
- Universität Bayreuth , Biofluid Simulation and Modeling, Theoretische Physik VI & Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) , 95440 Bayreuth , Germany .
| | - Frank Würthner
- Universität Würzburg , Institut für Organische Chemie , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
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Sikder A, Sarkar J, Barman R, Ghosh S. Directional Supramolecular Assembly of π-Amphiphiles with Tunable Surface Functionality and Impact on the Antimicrobial Activity. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:7169-7177. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b05193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Sikder
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Jayita Sarkar
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ranajit Barman
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
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Sikder A, Ray D, Aswal VK, Ghosh S. Hydrogen‐Bonding‐Regulated Supramolecular Nanostructures and Impact on Multivalent Binding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 58:1606-1611. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Sikder
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation of Science Kolkata- 700032 India
| | - Debes Ray
- Solid State Physics DivisionBhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai- 400085 India
| | - Vinod K. Aswal
- Solid State Physics DivisionBhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai- 400085 India
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation of Science Kolkata- 700032 India
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12
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Sikder A, Ray D, Aswal VK, Ghosh S. Hydrogen‐Bonding‐Regulated Supramolecular Nanostructures and Impact on Multivalent Binding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Sikder
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation of Science Kolkata- 700032 India
| | - Debes Ray
- Solid State Physics DivisionBhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai- 400085 India
| | - Vinod K. Aswal
- Solid State Physics DivisionBhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai- 400085 India
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation of Science Kolkata- 700032 India
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13
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Chakraborty S, Ray D, Aswal VK, Ghosh S. Multi-Stimuli-Responsive Directional Assembly of an Amphiphilic Donor-Acceptor Alternating Supramolecular Copolymer. Chemistry 2018; 24:16379-16387. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saptarshi Chakraborty
- Polymer Science Unit; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science; 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road 700032 Kolkata India
| | - Debes Ray
- Solid State Physics Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Trombay Mumbai 400085 India
| | - Vinod K. Aswal
- Solid State Physics Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Trombay Mumbai 400085 India
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- Polymer Science Unit; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science; 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road 700032 Kolkata India
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14
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Lafleur RPM, Lou X, Pavan GM, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. Consequences of a cosolvent on the structure and molecular dynamics of supramolecular polymers in water. Chem Sci 2018; 9:6199-6209. [PMID: 30090307 PMCID: PMC6062890 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02257g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polar cosolvents are commonly used to guide the self-assembly of amphiphiles in water. Here we investigate the influence of the cosolvent acetonitrile (ACN) on the structure and dynamics of a supramolecular polymer in water, which is based on the well-known benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide motif. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectroscopy measurements show that a gradual increase in the amount of ACN results in a gradual increase in the exchange dynamics of the monomers. In contrast, the morphology of the supramolecular polymers remains unchanged up to 15% of ACN, but then an abrupt change occurs and spherical aggregates are formed. Remarkably, this abrupt change coincides with the formation of micro-heterogeneity in the water-ACN mixtures. The results illustrate that in order to completely characterize supramolecular polymers it is important to add time-resolved measurements that probe their dynamic behavior, to the conventional techniques that are used to assess the morphology of the polymers. Subsequently we have used time-resolved measurements to investigate the influence of the concentration of ACN on the polymerization and depolymerization rates of the supramolecular polymers. Polymerization occurs within minutes when molecularly dissolved monomers are injected from ACN into water and is independent of the fraction of ACN up to 15%. In the depolymerization experiments-initiated by mixing equilibrated supramolecular polymers with dissolved monomers-the equilibration of the system takes multiple hours and does depend on the fraction of ACN. Interestingly, the longest equilibration time of the polymers is observed at a critical solvent composition of around 15% ACN. The differences in the timescales detected in the polymerization and depolymerization experiments are likely correlated to the non-covalent interactions involved, namely the hydrophobic effect and hydrogen-bonding interactions. We attribute the observed fast kinetics in the polymerization reactions to the hydrophobic effect, whereas the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds is the retarding factor in the equilibration of the polymers in the depolymerization experiments. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the latter is a likely explanation because ACN interferes with the hydrogen bonds and loosens the internal structure of the polymers. Our results highlight the importance of the solution conditions during the non-covalent synthesis of supramolecular polymers, as well as after equilibration of the polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- René P M Lafleur
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands . ; Tel: +31 040 2473101
| | - Xianwen Lou
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands . ; Tel: +31 040 2473101
| | - Giovanni M Pavan
- Department of Innovative Technologies , University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland , Galleria 2, Via Cantonale 2c, CH-6928 Manno , Switzerland
| | - Anja R A Palmans
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands . ; Tel: +31 040 2473101
| | - E W Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands . ; Tel: +31 040 2473101
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15
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Grande V, Soberats B, Herbst S, Stepanenko V, Würthner F. Hydrogen-bonded perylene bisimide J-aggregate aqua material. Chem Sci 2018; 9:6904-6911. [PMID: 30210765 PMCID: PMC6124903 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02409j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A water-soluble perylene bisimide dye self-assembles in aqueous media into thermoresponsive aqua materials with photoluminescence within the biological transparency window.
A new twelvefold methoxy-triethyleneglycol-jacketed tetraphenoxy-perylene bisimide (MEG-PBI) amphiphile was synthesized that self-assembles into two types of supramolecular aggregates in water: red-coloured aggregates of low order and with weak exciton coupling among the PBIs and blue-coloured strongly coupled J-aggregates consisting of a highly ordered hydrogen-bonded triple helix of PBIs. At room temperature this PBI is miscible with water at any proportions which enables the development of robust dye aggregates in solution, in hydrogel states and in lyotropic liquid crystalline states. In the presence of 60–95 wt% water, self-standing coloured hydrogels exhibit colour changes from red to blue accompanied by a fluorescence light-up in the far-red region upon heating in the range of 30–50 °C. This phenomenon is triggered by an entropically driven temperature-induced hydrogen-bond-directed slipped stacking arrangement of the MEG-PBI chromophores within structurally well-defined J-aggregates. This versatile aqua material is the first example of a stable PBI J-aggregate in water. We anticipate that this study will open a new avenue for the development of biocompatible functional materials based on self-assembled dyes and inspire the construction of other hydrogen-bonded supramolecular materials in the highly competitive solvent water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Grande
- Universität Würzburg , Institut für Organische Chemie , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany . .,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry , Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Bartolome Soberats
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry , Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Stefanie Herbst
- Universität Würzburg , Institut für Organische Chemie , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Vladimir Stepanenko
- Universität Würzburg , Institut für Organische Chemie , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Frank Würthner
- Universität Würzburg , Institut für Organische Chemie , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany . .,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry , Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
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16
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Kim YO, Park SJ, Jung BY, Jang HS, Choi SK, Kim J, Kim S, Jung YC, Shin DS, Lee YS. Solid-Phase Synthesis of Peptide-Conjugated Perylene Diimide Bolaamphiphile and Its Application in Photodynamic Therapy. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:5896-5902. [PMID: 30023928 PMCID: PMC6045400 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe a rapid and efficient synthetic method of peptide-conjugated perylene diimide (P-PDI) using solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). Due to severe insolubility of perylene dianhydride (PDA) as a starting material of perylene diimide (PDI), PDA was initially conjugated with amino acids to obtain soluble PDI derivatives. Target peptides were synthesized on a 2-chlorotrityl chloride resin using the SPPS method and then conjugated with the amino acid-appended PDI. Various conditions such as loading levels, reaction times and solvents were optimized for introducing the peptides to both sides of the amino acid-appended PDI. The final P-PDI was obtained with a maximum yield of 80% in 12 h. Its singlet oxygen-derived phototoxicity on cells was confirmed, which could be applicable to photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-O Kim
- School
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Multifunctional
Structural Composite Center, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju-gun 55324, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jun Park
- School
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Yeon Jung
- School
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Seok Jang
- School
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Keong Choi
- School
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehi Kim
- Division
of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science
Institute, Ochang 28119, Chung-buk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehoon Kim
- Center
for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science
and Technology (KIST), 39-1, Hawolgok-dong, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Chae Jung
- Multifunctional
Structural Composite Center, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju-gun 55324, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Sik Shin
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sookmyung Women’s University, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Sik Lee
- School
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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17
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Chatterjee S, Kuppan B, Maitra U. A self-assembled CdSe QD-organogel hybrid: photophysical and thermoresponsive properties. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:2522-2530. [PMID: 29384174 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04454b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A luminescent hybrid gel was prepared by incorporating organic ligand capped CdSe quantum dots (QDs) into a steroid-dimer derived organogel. Photophysical measurements and electron microscopy studies allowed us to understand the nature of the hybrid. Detailed analysis of the excited state dynamics of the hybrid was carried out using a kinetic decay model. The luminescence of the QDs in the hybrid was unaltered by taking it through a gel-sol-gel cycle induced by thermal stimuli. We believe that the results obtained herein provide a route to develop a thermoresponsive device for practical applications, because of the spatial assembly between soft organic scaffolds and colloidal QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Chatterjee
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, Karnataka, India.
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18
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Sikder A, Sarkar J, Sakurai T, Seki S, Ghosh S. Solvent switchable nanostructures and the function of a π-amphiphile. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:3272-3280. [PMID: 29384163 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr07989c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript reports solvent tunable functional nano-assemblies of an unsymmetrical bola-shaped π-amphiphile (NDI-PY) which consists of a hydrophobic naphthalene-diimide (NDI) chromophore connected to a non-ionic hydrophilic wedge and a pyridine group at its two opposite arms. Importantly, it contains a hydrazide group located at the hydrophobic domain between the NDI-chromophore and the hydrophilic-wedge to drive the supramolecular assembly by directional H-bonding. NDI-PY exhibits spontaneous assembly in water as well as in a highly non-polar solvent like tetra-chloroethylene (TCE) by the synergistic effect of H-bonding and π-stacking interaction. Spectroscopy studies reveal almost identical self-assembly features in water and TCE with critical aggregation concentrations in the range of 0.3 mM, which matches the values obtained from the isothermal calorimetry (ITC) dilution experiment. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments reveal a single endothermic peak at 31 °C (ΔH = -12.3 kJ mol-1) and 40 °C (ΔH = -5.35 kJ mol-1) for water and TCE, respectively, indicating marginally higher thermal stability in TCE, which is consistent with the FT-IR data, suggesting stronger H-bonding in TCE. Although the molecular assembly features appear to be similar, NDI-PY produces distinctly different mesoscopic structures in water and TCE. In water, it forms vesicles (Dh = 150-180 nm) with the pyridine groups displayed at the outer surface, while in TCE it generates a transparent gel (CGC = 8.0 mM) with a nanotubular (width ∼50 nm, wall thickness ∼10 nm) morphology. Powder X-ray diffraction studies show clearly different packing structures; in water a single sharp peak at the low angle (d = 19.3 Å, a little shorter than the extended length of the molecule) suggests the formation of a monolayer membrane, while in TCE several sharp peaks appear with the d values maintaining a ratio of 1 : 1/√3 : 1/2 : 1/√7 : 1/3 : 1/√12, indicating the formation of a 2D hexagonal lattice. Photoconductivity measurements reveal moderate electronic conduction in both cases. However, it shows a remarkable enhancement of the life time of the charge-carriers for the nanotubular structure compared to the vesicular morphology. On the other hand, the vesicles in water display antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive S. aureus with a highly promising MICLB value of 29.4 μg mL-1. In contrast, it does not lyse human red blood cells even at as high a concentration as 2.5 mg mL-1 (HC50 > 2.5 mg mL-1), implying high selectivity of the NDI-PY vesicles towards bacterial cells over mammalian cells. Display of the pyridine groups at the outer surface of the membrane enables molecular recognition by complementary H-bonding with a carboxylic acid group and thereby facilitates uptake of the attached pyrene chromophores in the NDI-membrane by charge-transfer interaction between the NDI acceptor and the pyrene donor. In fact a Job's plot experiment reveals maximum uptake at a 1 : 1 ratio of the NDI-PY and the pyrene guest, indicating all the pyridine groups are accessible at the vesicular surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Sikder
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Polymer Science Unit, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, India.
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19
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Chen W, Zhu Z, Yin C, Li Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Fan X. Water-induced formation of a chiral phenylalanine derivative supramolecule. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:4144-4148. [PMID: 29355858 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05845d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In biological systems, chiral self-assemblies are formed in water. To understand the role of water in the formation of supramolecular chirality, an amino acid derivative, N,N-diphenylalanine-3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylicdiimide (PBI-Phe), was synthesized from perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride and phenylalanine. PBI-Phe self-assembled into a spherical structure in pure DMSO, but into a helical fiber structure in a solution of DMSO mixed with water. Furthermore, increasing the relative amount of water included in the solution led to an increase the supramolecular chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China.
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20
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Sikder A, Ray D, Aswal VK, Ghosh S. Stimuli-Responsive Directional Vesicular Assembly with Tunable Surface Functionality and Impact on Enzyme Inhibition. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:868-875. [PMID: 28742972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The article describes the self-assembly of a series of unsymmetrical bola-shaped π-amphiphiles (NDI-1, NDI-1a, NDI-2, NDI-3, and NDI-4) consisting of a hydrophobic naphthalene-diimide (NDI) chromophore attached to a nonionic hydrophilic wedge and an anionic headgroup in the two opposite arms of the central NDI. By design, only a single hydrazide group is linked either on the ionic or nonionic arm of the NDI. NDI-1 and NDI-1a are regioisomers differing only in the location of the hydrazide group, placed in the nonionic or ionic arm, respectively. NDI-2, NDI-3, and NDI-4 are similar to NDI-1 in the placement of the hydrazide group but differ in the nature of the ionic headgroups. Except for NDI-2, all of them exhibit spontaneous vesicle structures in water (pH 9.0) as established by electron microscopy, small-angle neutron scattering, dynamic light scattering, and spectroscopy studies. Supramolecularly assembled oligo-oxyethylene chains of the hydrophobic wedge exhibited a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) at ∼40 °C, similar to that of covalent polymers. Consequently, above the LCST, the bola-amphiphile was converted to a single headgroup surfactant, resulting in the collapse of the vesicular structure to nanoparticles. In all examples, the dominant H-bonding force among the hydrazide groups resulted in unidirectional orientation, leading to the formation of a nonsymmetric membrane with the H-bonded chain located at the inner wall. Therefore, the functional group displayed in these vesicles could be fully dictated by the location of the hydrazide group. Thus, for NDI-1, NDI-3, or NDI-4, the hydrazide group, located at the nonionic arm, directed the nonionic wedge to converge at the inner wall of the vesicle by displaying the anionic headgroups toward the outer surface. In contrast, NDI-1a formed a nonionic vesicle because in this case anionic headgroups were located at the inner wall of the membrane. Furthermore, among NDI-1, NDI-3, and NDI-4, the charge density of the anionic surface and accordingly the radius of curvature and particle size could be tuned precisely as a function of the extent of charge delocalization in the phenoxide or carboxylate headgroup. These distinct self-assembly modes resulted in very different abilities of these vesicles for electrostatic-interaction-driven biomolecular recognition, which was studied by testing their ability to bind with cationic protein chymotripsin and inhibit its enzymatic activity. The enzyme inhibition ability followed the order NDI-1 > NDI-3 > NDI-4 > NDI-2 ≈ NDI-1a, which could be rationalized by their distinct functional group display and surface charge density factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Sikder
- Polymer Science Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India 700032
| | - Debes Ray
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai, India 400085
| | - Vinod K Aswal
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai, India 400085
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- Polymer Science Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India 700032
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21
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Zou DH, Wang P, Luo W, Hou JL, Zhu QY, Dai J. Fluorescent Hydrogel Generated Conveniently from a Perylene Tetracarboxylate Derivative of Titanium(IV) Alkoxide. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:1623-1629. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Hong Zou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Luo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Le Hou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin-Yu Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Dai
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
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22
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Imayoshi A, Rao KV, Nihonyanagi A, Miyajima D. Unexpected Effect of Cyano Groups on the Supramolecular Polymerization of Amide-appended Fan-shaped Monomers. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.170381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Imayoshi
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
| | - K. Venkata Rao
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
| | - Atsuko Nihonyanagi
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
| | - Daigo Miyajima
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
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23
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Rajdev P, Chakraborty S, Schmutz M, Mesini P, Ghosh S. Supramolecularly Engineered π-Amphiphile. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:4789-4795. [PMID: 28423895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This article describes self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered naphthalene-diimide (NDI)-derived amphiphiles NDI-1 and NDI-2. They have the same hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance but merely differ by a single functional group, amide or ester. They exhibit distinct self-assembly in water; NDI-1 forms hydrogel, which upon aging forms crystals, whereas NDI-2 forms micelles as revealed by in-depth structural analysis using cryo-TEM, dynamic light scattering, and small-angle X-ray scattering studies. These results suggest that the H-bonding among the amide groups fully regulates the self-assembly by overruling the packing parameters. Further, the present study elucidates sharp lower critical solution temperature exhibited by these π-amphiphiles, which has been extensively studied for many important applications of water-soluble polymers but hardly known in the literature of small-molecule surfactants. Control experiments with the same water-soluble hydrophilic wedge did not show such a property, confirming this to be a consequence of the supramolecular polymerization by extended amide-amide H-bonding and not inherent to the structure of the hydrophilic wedge containing oligo-oxyethylene chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Rajdev
- Polymer Science Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Saptarshi Chakraborty
- Polymer Science Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Marc Schmutz
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS , Institut Charles Sadron, 23 rue du Loess-BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Philippe Mesini
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS , Institut Charles Sadron, 23 rue du Loess-BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- Polymer Science Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata 700032, India
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24
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Sawato T, Saito N, Shigeno M, Yamaguchi M. Mechanical Stirring Induces Heteroaggregate Formation and Self-assembly of Pseudoenantiomeric Oxymethylene Helicene Oligomers in Solution. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Sawato
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Nozomi Saito
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Masanori Shigeno
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Masahiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba Sendai 980-8578 Japan
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