1
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DeCecco AC, Conrad AR, Floyd AM, Jasper AW, Hansen N, Dagaut P, Moody NE, Popolan-Vaida DM. Tracking the reaction networks of acetaldehyde oxide and glyoxal oxide Criegee intermediates in the ozone-assisted oxidation reaction of crotonaldehyde. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024. [PMID: 38980126 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01942c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The reaction of unsaturated compounds with ozone (O3) is recognized to lead to the formation of Criegee intermediates (CIs), which play a key role in controlling the atmospheric budget of hydroxyl radicals and secondary organic aerosols. The reaction network of two CIs with different functionality, i.e. acetaldehyde oxide (CH3CHOO) and glyoxal oxide (CHOCHOO) formed in the ozone-assisted oxidation reaction of crotanaldehyde (CA), is investigated over a temperature range between 390 K and 840 K in an atmospheric pressure jet-stirred reactor (JSR) at a residence time of 1.3 s, stoichiometry of 0.5 with a mixture of 1% crotonaldehyde, 10% O2, at an fixed ozone concentration of 1000 ppm and 89% Ar dilution. Molecular-beam mass spectrometry in conjunction with single photon tunable synchrotron vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) radiation is used to identify elusive intermediates by means of experimental photoionization energy scans and ab initio threshold energy calculations for isomer identification. Addition of ozone (1000 ppm) is observed to trigger the oxidation of CA already at 390 K, which is below the temperature where the oxidation reaction of CA was observed in the absence of ozone. The observed CA + O3 product, C4H6O4, is found to be linked to a ketohydroperoxide (2-hydroperoxy-3-oxobutanal) resulting from the isomerization of the primary ozonide. Products corresponding to the CIs uni- and bi-molecular reactions were observed and identified. A network of CI reactions is identified in the temperature region below 600 K, characterized by CIs bimolecular reactions with species like aldehydes, i.e., formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and crotonaldehyde and alkenes, i.e., ethene and propene. The region below 600 K is also characterized by the formation of important amounts of typical low-temperature oxidation products, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), methyl hydroperoxide (CH3OOH), and ethyl hydroperoxide (C2H5OOH). Detection of additional oxygenated species such as alcohols, ketene, and aldehydes are indicative of multiple active oxidation routes. This study provides important information about the initial step involved in the CIs assisted oligomerization reactions in complex reactive environments where CIs with different functionalities are reacting simultaneously. It provides new mechanistic insights into ozone-assisted oxidation reactions of unsaturated aldehydes, which is critical for the development of improved atmospheric and combustion kinetics models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec C DeCecco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | - Alan R Conrad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | - Arden M Floyd
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | - Ahren W Jasper
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Nils Hansen
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA
| | - Philippe Dagaut
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ICARE, 1C Avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Nath-Eddy Moody
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
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2
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Yu S, Jia L, Xu Y, Pan Y. Oligomer formation from cross-reaction of Criegee intermediates in the styrene-isoprene-O 3 mixed system. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140811. [PMID: 38040248 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Alkene ozonolysis can produce stabilized Criegee intermediates (SCIs), which play a key role in oligomers' formation. Though styrene and isoprene coexist in the ambient atmosphere as important anthropogenic and biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) precursors, respectively, their cross-reactions have not received attention. This study investigated the interactions of SCIs from styrene and isoprene ozonolysis for the first time. The high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometer was used to determine the unique ion mass spectra of the isoprene-styrene-O3 mixture. The results show that the signal intensities of new ions account for >8.4% of total ions in the mass spectra of the styrene-isoprene-O3 mixed system. Styrene and isoprene ozonolysis can produce characteristic C7-SCI and C4-SCI, respectively. C7-SCI and C4-SCI can be involved in the cross-reactions, and the results of tandem mass spectra directly confirmed both C7-SCI and C4-SCI as chain units. The O/C and H/C ratios of cross-products are in the range of 0.38-1.07 and 1.00-1.50, respectively, which are consistent with cross-reaction products. Adding a C7-SCI unit reduces the oligomer's volatility by 1.3-1.4 orders of magnitude lower than adding a C4-SCI unit. Thus, C4-SCI can compete with C7-SCI to react with styrene-derived RO2/RC(O)OH to produce more volatile cross-products, while the less volatile cross-products can be formed when isoprene-derived RO2/RC(O)OH reacted with C7-SCI instead of C4-SCI. The SOA yield of the mixed system is lower than that of the single styrene-O3 system but higher than that of the single isoprene-O3 system. Ambient particles were also collected, and 5 possible SCI-related cross-products were identified. This study illustrates the effects of SCI-related cross-reactions on SOA components and physicochemical properties, providing a basis for future research on SCI-related cross-reactions that frequently occur in the ambient atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Long Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yongfu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuepeng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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3
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Yu S, Jia L, Xu Y, Pan Y. Formation of extremely low-volatility organic compounds from styrene ozonolysis: Implication for nucleation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 305:135459. [PMID: 35753415 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Styrene is a highly reactive compound with the dual nature of aromatics and olefins. This work presents evidence for formation of extremely low-volatility organic compounds (ELVOCs) from styrene ozonolysis. The molecules of ELVOCs were analyzed using a high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometer. The results show that ELVOCs were oligomers characterized by stabilized Criegee radicals (SCIs) as chain units. The addition of C6H5CHOO (SCI1) or CH2OO (SCI2) can dramatically decrease the oligomers' volatility. At low relative humidity (RH), ELVOCs are mainly formed from the reaction of RO2 radical, C6H5OO·, with SCI1 and SCI2; however, ELVOCs are primarily produced by the reaction between benzoic acid and SCI1 at high RH. Ambient particles were also collected to propose the probable oligomers from styrene-SCI. Our results suggest that styrene-SCI derived ELVOCs may act as nucleating agents, potentially providing an experimental basis for nucleation events that frequently occur in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Long Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yongfu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuepeng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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4
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Cabezas C, Juanes M, Saragi RT, Lesarri A, Peña I. Water binding to the atmospheric oxidation product methyl vinyl ketone. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 270:120846. [PMID: 35033807 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Methyl vinyl ketone is one of the major oxidation products of isoprene, and therefore, an important precursor of secondary organic aerosol. Understanding its interactions with water is relevant to gain insight into aerosol formation and improve the predictive power of atmospheric chemistry models. The molecular complex formed between methyl vinyl ketone and water has been generated in a supersonic jet and characterized using high-resolution microwave spectroscopy in combination with quantum chemistry calculations. In this study, we show that methyl vinyl ketone interacts with water forming four 1:1 isomers connected by O - H···O and C - H···O hydrogen bond interactions. Water has been found to preferentially bind to the antiperiplanar conformation of methyl vinyl ketone. Evidence of a large amplitude motion arising from the methyl internal rotation has been found in the rotational spectra of the dimer. The threefold methyl internal rotation barrier heights have been further determined and discussed for all the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cabezas
- Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC), Group of Molecular Astrophysics, C/ Serrano 121, Madrid 28006, Spain.
| | - Marcos Juanes
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, Valladolid 47011, Spain
| | - Rizalina T Saragi
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, Valladolid 47011, Spain
| | - Alberto Lesarri
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias-I.U. CINQUIMA, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, Valladolid 47011, Spain
| | - Isabel Peña
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, Valladolid 47011, Spain.
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5
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Conrad AR, Hansen N, Jasper AW, Thomason NK, Hidaldo-Rodrigues L, Treshock SP, Popolan-Vaida DM. Identification of the acetaldehyde oxide Criegee intermediate reaction network in the ozone-assisted low-temperature oxidation of trans-2-butene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:23554-23566. [PMID: 34651147 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03126k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Uni- and bi-molecular reactions involving Criegee intermediates (CIs) have been the focus of many studies due to the role these molecules play in atmospheric chemistry. The reactivity of CIs is known to strongly depend on their structure. The reaction network of the second simplest CI, acetaldehyde oxide (CH3CHOO), is investigated in this work in an atmospheric pressure jet-stirred reactor (JSR) during the ozonolysis of trans-2-butene to explore the kinetic pathways relevant to atmospheric chemistry and low-temperature combustion. The mole fraction profiles of reactants, intermediates, and final products are determined by means of molecular-beam mass spectrometry in conjunction with single-photon ionization employing tunable synchrotron-generated vacuum ultraviolet radiation. A network of CI reactions is identified in the temperature region below 600 K, characterized by CI addition to trans-2-butene, water, formaldehyde, formic acid, and methanol. No sequential additions of the CH3CHOO CI are observed, in contrast with the reactivity of the simplest CI (H2COO) and the earlier observation of an extensive reaction network with up to four H2COO sequential additions (Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2019, 21, 7341-7357). Experimental photoionization efficiency scans recorded at 300 K and 425 K and ab initio threshold energy calculations lead to the identification and quantification of previously elusive intermediates, such as ketohydroperoxide and hydroperoxide species. Specifically, the C4H8 + O3 adduct is identified as a ketohydroperoxide (KHP, 3-hydroperoxybutan-2-one, CH3C(O)CH(CH3)OOH), while hydroxyacetaldehyde (glycolaldehyde, HCOCH2OH) formation is attributed to unimolecular isomerization of the CIs. Other hydroperoxide species such as methyl hydroperoxide (CH3OOH), ethyl hydroperoxide (C2H5OOH), butyl hydroperoxide (OOH), hydroperoxyl acetaldehyde (HOOCH2CHO), hydroxyethyl hydroperoxide (CH3CH(OH)OOH), but-1-enyl-3-hydroperoxide, and 4-hydroxy-3-methylpentan-2-one (HOCH(CH3)CH(CH3)C(O)CH3) are also identified. Detection of additional oxygenated species such as methanol, ethanol, ketene, and aldehydes suggests multiple active oxidation routes. These results provide additional evidence that CIs are key intermediates of the ozone-unsaturated hydrocarbon reactions providing critical inputs for improved kinetics models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Conrad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | - Nils Hansen
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA
| | - Ahren W Jasper
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Natasha K Thomason
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | | | - Sean P Treshock
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
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6
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Abstract
The fates of organic hydroperoxides (ROOHs) in atmospheric condensed phases are key to understanding the oxidative and toxicological potentials of particulate matter. Recently, mass spectrometric detection of ROOHs as chloride anion adducts has revealed that liquid-phase α-hydroxyalkyl hydroperoxides, derived from hydration of carbonyl oxides (Criegee intermediates), decompose to geminal diols and H2O2 over a time frame that is sensitively dependent on the water content, pH, and temperature of the reaction solution. Based on these findings, it has been proposed that H+-catalyzed conversion of ROOHs to ROHs + H2O2 is a key process for the decomposition of ROOHs that bypasses radical formation. In this perspective, we discuss our current understanding of the aqueous-phase decomposition of atmospherically relevant ROOHs, including ROOHs derived from reaction between Criegee intermediates and alcohols or carboxylic acids, and of highly oxygenated molecules (HOMs). Implications and future challenges are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Enami
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
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7
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Bikkina S, Kawamura K, Sakamoto Y, Hirokawa J. Low molecular weight dicarboxylic acids, oxocarboxylic acids and α-dicarbonyls as ozonolysis products of isoprene: Implication for the gaseous-phase formation of secondary organic aerosols. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144472. [PMID: 33477044 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation of isoprene, a major biogenic volatile organic compound emitted from forest canopies, is a potential source of oxalic acid; the dominant species in organic aerosols. We evaluated here ozonolysis of isoprene in dry darkness as a source of oxalic (C2), malonic (C3) and succinic (C4) acids. We found that oxalic acid and methylglyoxal are dominant products within 10 min of reaction followed by glyoxylic, malonic or succinic acids. Interestingly, molecular distributions of oxidation products from early reactions (9-29 min) were characterized by the predominance of methylglyoxal followed by C2, which became dominant after 30 min. The isoprene-derived secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) showed chemical evolution with reaction time towards the molecular characteristics of dicarboxylic acids similar to those of ambient aerosols (C2>C3≥C4). The carbon-based relative abundances of methylglyoxal decreased steadily (40%→30%), while those of C2 increased with reaction time (15%→25%), but no such variations persisted for glyoxal (6-10%). This finding means that methylglyoxal is more important intermediate of oxalic acid than glyoxal. In contrast, smaller variability and lower concentrations of pyruvic and glyoxylic acids than other intermediates indicate that oxalic acid formation under dry conditions follows a different pathway than in aqueous-phase heterogeneous chemistry usually invoked for cloud/fog/atmospheric waters. Here, we propose new reaction schemes for high levels of methylglyoxal and oxalic acid via gas-phase chemical reactions with ozone and OH radicals to better interpret the ambient SOA composition. Furthermore, the relative abundances of C2 exhibit small variability from 1 to 8 h, suggesting its stable character towards the oxidation by hydroxyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Bikkina
- Chubu Institute for Advanced Studies, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kimitaka Kawamura
- Chubu Institute for Advanced Studies, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan; Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Sakamoto
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jun Hirokawa
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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8
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Martins‐Costa MTC, Ruiz‐López MF. Isoprene Reactivity on Water Surfaces from ab initio QM/MM Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:2263-2271. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marilia T. C. Martins‐Costa
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques UMR CNRS 7019 University of Lorraine CNRS BP 70239 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy France
| | - Manuel F. Ruiz‐López
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques UMR CNRS 7019 University of Lorraine CNRS BP 70239 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy France
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9
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Qiu J, Tonokura K, Enami S. Proton-Catalyzed Decomposition of α-Hydroxyalkyl-Hydroperoxides in Water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:10561-10569. [PMID: 32786584 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c03438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In the atmosphere, most biogenic terpenes undergo ozonolysis in the presence of water to form reactive α-hydroxyalkyl-hydroperoxides (α-HHs), and the lifetimes of these α-HHs are a key parameter for understanding the processes that occur during the aging of atmospheric particles. We previously reported that α-HHs generated by ozonolysis of terpenes decompose in water to give H2O2 and the corresponding aldehydes, which undergo hydration to form gem-diols. Herein, we report that this decomposition process was dramatically accelerated by acidification of the water with oxalic, acetic, hexanoic, cis-pinonic, or hydrochloric acid. In acidic solution, the temporal profiles of the α-HHs, detected as their chloride adducts by electrospray mass spectrometry, showed single-exponential decays in the pH range from 4.1 to 6.1, and the first-order rate coefficients (k) for the decays increased with decreasing pH. The lifetime of the α-HH derived from α-terpineol was 128 min (k = (1.3 ± 0.4) × 10-4 s-1) at pH 6.1 but only 8 min (k = (2.1 ± 0.1) × 10-3 s-1) at pH 4.1. Because the rate coefficients increased as the pH decreased and the increase depended on pH rather than on the properties of the acid, we propose that the decomposition of the α-HHs in water was specifically catalyzed by H+. Fast H+-catalyzed decomposition of α-HHs could be an important source of H2O2 and multifunctionalized compounds found in ambient atmospheric particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Qiu
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8563, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tonokura
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8563, Japan
| | - Shinichi Enami
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
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10
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Jiang H, Ahmed CMS, Zhao Z, Chen JY, Zhang H, Canchola A, Lin YH. Role of functional groups in reaction kinetics of dithiothreitol with secondary organic aerosols. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114402. [PMID: 32247903 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of organic aerosols has been largely ascribed to the generation of reactive oxygen species, which could subsequently induce oxidative stress in biological systems. The reaction of DTT with redox-active species in PM has been generally assumed to be pseudo-first order, with the oxidative potential of PM being represented by the DTT consumption per minute of reaction time per μg of PM. Although catalytic reactive species such as transition metals and quinones are long believed to be the main contributors of DTT responses, the role of non-catalytic DTT reactive species such as organic hydroperoxides (ROOH) and electron-deficient alkenes (e.g., conjugated carbonyls) in DTT consumption has been recently highlighted. Thus, understanding the reaction kinetics and mechanisms of DTT consumption by various PM components is required to interpret the oxidative potential measured by DTT assays more accurately. In this study, we measured the DTT consumptions over time and characterized the reaction products using model compounds and secondary organic aerosols (SOA) with varying initial concentrations. We observed that the DTT consumption rates linearly increased with both initial DTT and sample concentrations. The overall reaction order of DTT with non-catalytic reactive species and SOA in this study is second order. The reactions of DTT with different functional groups have significantly different rate constants. The reaction rate constant of isoprene SOA with DTT is mainly determined by the concentration of ROOH. For toluene SOA, both ROOH and electron-deficient alkenes may dominate its DTT reaction rates. These results provide some insights into the interpretation of DTT-based aerosol oxidative potential and highlight the need to study the toxicity mechanism of ROOH and electron-deficient alkenes in PM for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Jiang
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - C M Sabbir Ahmed
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - Zixu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - Jin Y Chen
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - Haofei Zhang
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - Alexa Canchola
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - Ying-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States; Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States.
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11
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Cai J, Lu Y, Wang W, Chen L, Liu F, Wang W. Reaction mechanism and kinetics of Criegee intermediate CH2OO with CH2 = C(CH3)CHO. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2019.112644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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12
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Rousso AC, Hansen N, Jasper AW, Ju Y. Identification of the Criegee intermediate reaction network in ethylene ozonolysis: impact on energy conversion strategies and atmospheric chemistry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:7341-7357. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00473d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction network of the simplest Criegee intermediate (CI) CH2OO has been studied experimentally during the ozonolysis of ethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aric C. Rousso
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- Princeton University
- USA
| | - Nils Hansen
- Combustion Research Facility
- Sandia National Laboratories
- Livermore
- USA
| | - Ahren W. Jasper
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division
- Argonne National Laboratory
- Lemont
- USA
| | - Yiguang Ju
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- Princeton University
- USA
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13
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Aroeira GJR, Abbott AS, Elliott SN, Turney JM, Schaefer HF. The addition of methanol to Criegee intermediates. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:17760-17771. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03480c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
High level ab initio methods are employed to study the addition of methanol to the simplest Criegee intermediates and its methylated analogue. Kinetic rate constants over a range of temperatures are computed and compared to experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam S. Abbott
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry
- University of Georgia
- Athens
- USA
| | - Sarah N. Elliott
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry
- University of Georgia
- Athens
- USA
| | - Justin M. Turney
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry
- University of Georgia
- Athens
- USA
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry
- University of Georgia
- Athens
- USA
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14
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Porterfield JP, Lee KLK, Dell'Isola V, Carroll PB, McCarthy MC. Characterization of the simplest hydroperoxide ester, hydroperoxymethyl formate, a precursor of atmospheric aerosols. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:18065-18070. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03466h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric aerosols are large clusters of molecules and particulate matter that profoundly affect the Earth's radiation budget and climate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valentina Dell'Isola
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”
- Universita' di Bologna
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
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17
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Modeling Heterogeneous Oxidation of NOx, SO2 and Hydrocarbons in the Presence of Mineral Dust Particles under Various Atmospheric Environments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2018-1299.ch015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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18
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Rousso AC, Hansen N, Jasper AW, Ju Y. Low-Temperature Oxidation of Ethylene by Ozone in a Jet-Stirred Reactor. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:8674-8685. [PMID: 30293425 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b06556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ethylene oxidation initiated by ozone addition (ozonolysis) is carried out in a jet-stirred reactor from 300 to 1000 K to explore the kinetic pathways relevant to low-temperature oxidation. The temperature dependencies of species' mole fractions are quantified using molecular-beam mass spectrometry with electron ionization and single-photon ionization employing tunable synchrotron-generated vacuum-ultraviolet radiation. Upon ozone addition, significant ethylene oxidation is found in the low-temperature regime from 300 to 600 K. Here, we provide new insights into the ethylene ozonolysis reaction network via identification and quantification of previously elusive intermediates by combining experimental photoionization energy scans and ab initio threshold energy calculations for isomer identification. Specifically, the C2H4 + O3 adduct C2H4O3 is identified as a keto-hydroperoxide (hydroperoxy-acetaldehyde, HOOCH2CHO) based on the calculated and experimentally observed ionization energy of 9.80 (±0.05) eV. Quantification using a photoionization cross-section of 5 Mb at 10.5 eV results in 5 ppm at atmospheric conditions, which decreases monotonically with temperature until 550 K. Other hydroperoxide species that contribute in larger amounts to the low-temperature oxidation of C2H4, like H2O2, CH3OOH, and C2H5OOH, are identified and their temperature-dependent mole fractions are reported. The experimental evidence for additional oxygenated species such as methanol, ketene, acetaldehyde, and hydroxy-acetaldehyde suggest multiple active oxidation routes. This experimental investigation closes the gap between ozonolysis at atmospheric and elevated temperature conditions and provides a database for future modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aric C Rousso
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08544 , United States
| | - Nils Hansen
- Combustion Research Facility , Sandia National Laboratories , Livermore , California 94551 , United States
| | - Ahren W Jasper
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Yiguang Ju
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08544 , United States
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19
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Qiu J, Ishizuka S, Tonokura K, Colussi AJ, Enami S. Reactivity of Monoterpene Criegee Intermediates at Gas–Liquid Interfaces. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:7910-7917. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b06914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junting Qiu
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8563, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Ishizuka
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tonokura
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8563, Japan
| | - Agustín J. Colussi
- Ronald and Maxine Linde Center for Global Environmental Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Shinichi Enami
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
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20
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Qiu J, Ishizuka S, Tonokura K, Enami S. Reactions of Criegee Intermediates with Benzoic Acid at the Gas/Liquid Interface. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:6303-6310. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b04995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junting Qiu
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8563, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Ishizuka
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tonokura
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8563, Japan
| | - Shinichi Enami
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
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21
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Nakayama T, Sato K, Imamura T, Matsumi Y. Effect of Oxidation Process on Complex Refractive Index of Secondary Organic Aerosol Generated from Isoprene. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:2566-2574. [PMID: 29385329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation of isoprene by hydroxyl radical (OH), ozone (O3), or nitrate radical (NO3) leads to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in the atmosphere. This SOA contributes to the radiation balance by scattering and absorbing solar radiation. In this study, the effect of oxidation processes on the wavelength-dependent complex refractive index (RI) of SOA generated from isoprene was examined. Oxidation conditions did not have a large effect on magnitude and wavelength dependence of the real part of the RI. In the case of SOA generated in the presence of sulfur dioxide (SO2), significant light absorption at short visible and ultraviolet wavelengths with the imaginary part of the RI, up to 0.011 at 375 nm, was observed during oxidation with OH. However, smaller and negligible values were observed during oxidation with O3 and NO3, respectively. Moreover, in the absence of SO2, light absorption was not observed regardless of the oxidation process. There was an empirical correlation between the imaginary part of the RI and the average degree of unsaturation of organic molecules. The results obtained herein demonstrate that oxidation processes should be considered for estimating the radiative effect of isoprene-derived SOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Nakayama
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research , Nagoya University , Furo-cho , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601 , Japan
| | - Kei Sato
- National Institute for Environmental Studies , 16-2, Onogawa , Tsukuba 305-8506 , Japan
| | - Takashi Imamura
- National Institute for Environmental Studies , 16-2, Onogawa , Tsukuba 305-8506 , Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsumi
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research , Nagoya University , Furo-cho , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601 , Japan
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Laskin A, Lin P, Laskin J, Fleming LT, Nizkorodov S. Molecular Characterization of Atmospheric Brown Carbon. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2018-1299.ch013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Laskin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Julia Laskin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Lauren T. Fleming
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Sergey Nizkorodov
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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Verma V, Sioutas C, Weber RJ. Oxidative Properties of Ambient Particulate Matter - An Assessment of the Relative Contributions from Various Aerosol Components and Their Emission Sources. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2018-1299.ch019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Verma
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Constantinos Sioutas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Rodney J. Weber
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Yajima R, Sakamoto Y, Inomata S, Hirokawa J. Relative Reactivity Measurements of Stabilized CH2OO, Produced by Ethene Ozonolysis, Toward Acetic Acid and Water Vapor Using Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:6440-6449. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b05065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoji Yajima
- Graduate
School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Yosuke Sakamoto
- Graduate
School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Graduate
School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inomata
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
| | - Jun Hirokawa
- Faculty
of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
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Enami S, Hoffmann MR, Colussi AJ. Criegee Intermediates React with Levoglucosan on Water. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:3888-3894. [PMID: 28767252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Levoglucosan (Levo), a C6-anhydrosaccharide produced in the combustion of cellulosic materials, is the major component of aerosols produced from biomass burning over vast regions worldwide. Levo has long been considered chemically inert and thus has been used as a tracer of biomass burning sources. However, we now show that sugars including Levo, glucose, arabitol, and mannitol react rapidly with Criegee intermediates (CIs) generated during the ozonolysis of sesquiterpenes on the surface of water:acetonitrile microjets. Hydrophilic Levo reacts faster with CIs than with water or surface-active 1-octanol at air-aqueous interfaces. This unexpected phenomenon is likely associated with the relatively low water density at air-aqueous interfaces coupled with a higher gas-phase acidity of the saccharide hydroxyl groups (i.e., -OH) versus n-alkanols. Results presented herein show that aerosol saccharides are in fact reactive toward CIs. Given the abundance of saccharides in the atmosphere, they may be important contributors to the growth and mass loading of secondary organic aerosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Enami
- National Institute for Environmental Studies , 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Michael R Hoffmann
- Linde Center for Global Environmental Science, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - A J Colussi
- Linde Center for Global Environmental Science, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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Enami S, Colussi AJ. Reactions of Criegee Intermediates with Alcohols at Air-Aqueous Interfaces. J Phys Chem A 2017. [PMID: 28635281 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b04272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The fate of Criegee intermediates (CIs) from the gas-phase ozonolysis of unsaturated organic compounds in the troposphere is largely controlled by their reactions with water vapor. We recently found that against all expectations carboxylic acids compete at millimolar concentrations with water for CIs at the air-liquid interface of aqueous organic media. This outcome is consistent with both the low water concentration in the outermost interfacial layers and the enrichment of the competing acids therein. Here we show, via online electrospray mass spectrometric detection, that CIs generated in situ in the fast ozonolysis of sesquiterpenes (C15H24) on the surface of water:acetonitrile microjets react with n ≥ 4 linear alcohols CnH2n+1OH to produce high molecular weight C15+n ethers in one step. The OH group of 1-octanol proved to be ∼25 times less reactive than that of n-octanoic toward CIs at the same bulk molar concentration, revealing that the reactivity of hydroxylic species depends on both acidities and interfacial affinities. CI interfacial reactions with surface-active hydroxylic species, by bypassing water, represent shortcuts to molecular complexity in atmospheric aerosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Enami
- National Institute for Environmental Studies , 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - A J Colussi
- Linde Center for Global Environmental Science, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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27
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Abstract
In the troposphere, the fate of gas-phase Criegee intermediates (CIs) is deemed to be determined by their reactions with water molecules. Here it is shown that CIs produced in situ on the surface of water/acetonitrile (W/AN) solutions react competitively with millimolar carboxylic acids. Present experiments probe, via online electrospray mass spectrometry, CIs' chemistry on the surface of α-humulene and β-caryophyllene in W/AN microjets exposed to O3(g) for <10 μs. Mass-specific identification lets us establish the progeny of products and intermediates generated in the early stages of CIs' reactions with H2O, D2O, H218O, and n-alkyl-COOH (n = 1-7). It is found that n-alkyl-COOH competes for CIs with interfacial water, their competitiveness being an increasing function of n. Present findings demonstrate that CIs can react with species other than H2O on the surface of aqueous organic aerosols due to the low water concentrations prevalent in the outermost interfacial layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Enami
- National Institute for Environmental Studies , 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - A J Colussi
- Linde Center for Global Environmental Science, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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Enami S, Colussi AJ. Efficient scavenging of Criegee intermediates on water by surface-active cis-pinonic acid. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03869k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Criegee intermediates efficiently react with surface-active cis-pinonic acid rather than linear alkyl organic acids of similar size, or interfacial water molecules at air-aqueous interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Enami
- National Institute for Environmental Studies
- Tsukuba
- Japan
| | - A. J. Colussi
- Linde Center for Global Environmental Science
- California Institute of Technology
- USA
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Yin C, Takahashi K. How does substitution affect the unimolecular reaction rates of Criegee intermediates? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:12075-12084. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01091e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Unimolecular reaction rates of Criegee intermediates show substitution effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cangtao Yin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Kaito Takahashi
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei
- Taiwan
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