1
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Fritsche P, Geyer L, Czernetzki C, Hierlmeier G. Coordination-induced reductive elimination from a titanium(IV) complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:9030-9033. [PMID: 39046231 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02500h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Diamidopyridine-supported titanium dibenzyl complexes undergo coordination-induced C-C reductive elimination upon addition of alkynes and quantitative formation of titanacyclopentadienes. The distinct radical mechanism of this reductive mechanism gives new insights into C-C bond formation with titanium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Fritsche
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Lucia Geyer
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Corinna Czernetzki
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Gabriele Hierlmeier
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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2
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Li Z, Wang Y, Zhang L, Chen Z, Barth JV, Li J, Lin T. On-Surface Synthesis of Five-Membered Copper Metallacycles Using Terminal Alkynes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:15214-15219. [PMID: 38981093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
We present our studies on the adsorption, deprotonation, and reactions of 4,4″-diethynyl-1,1':4',1″-terphenyl on Cu(111) under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions using scanning tunneling microscopy combined with density functional theory calculations. Sequential annealing treatments induce deprotonation of pristine molecules followed by chemical reactions, resulting in branched nanostructures. Within the nanostructures, a previously unreported, double-spot linkage is observed. Our density functional theory calculations unravel that this linkage corresponds to a five-membered copper metallacycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanbo Li
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Yule Wang
- Beijing Institute of Technology (Zhuhai), Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai 519088, China
| | - Liding Zhang
- Physik-Department E20, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Zhi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Johannes V Barth
- Physik-Department E20, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Juan Li
- Beijing Institute of Technology (Zhuhai), Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai 519088, China
- Department of Materials Science, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Tao Lin
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
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3
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Li S, Schröder M, Prudlik A, Shi X, Spannenberg A, Rabeah J, Francke R, Corzilius B, Reiß F, Beweries T. A General Concept for the Electronic and Steric Modification of 1-Metallacyclobuta-2,3-dienes: A Case Study of Group 4 Metallocene Complexes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400708. [PMID: 38529695 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of group 4 metal 1-metallacyclobuta-2,3-dienes as organometallic analogues of elusive 1,2-cyclobutadiene has so far been limited to SiMe3 substituted examples. We present the synthesis of two Ph substituted dilithiated ligand precursors for the preparation of four new 1-metallacyclobuta-2,3-dienes [rac-(ebthi)M] (M=Ti, Zr; ebthi=1,2-ethylene-1,10-bis(η5-tetrahydroindenyl)). The organolithium compounds [Li2(RC3Ph)] (1 b: R=Ph, 1 c: R=SiMe3) as well as the metallacycles of the general formula [rac-(ebthi)M(R1C3R2)] (2 b: M=Ti, R1=R2=Ph, 2 c: M=Ti, R1=Ph, R2=SiMe3; 3 b: M=Zr, R1=R2=Ph; 3 c: M=Zr, R1=Ph, R2=SiMe3) were fully characterised. Single crystal X-ray diffraction and quantum chemical bond analysis of the Ti and Zr complexes reveal ligand influence on the biradicaloid character of the titanocene complexes. X-band EPR spectroscopy of structurally similar Ti complexes [rac-(ebthi)Ti(Me3SiC3SiMe3)] (2 a), 2 b, and 2 c was carried out to evaluate the accessibility of an EPR active triplet state. Cyclic voltammetry shows that introduction of Ph groups renders the complexes easier to reduce. 13C CPMAS NMR analysis provides insights into the cause of the low field shift of the resonances of metal-bonded carbon atoms and provides evidence of the absence of the β-C-Ti interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Li
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Mirjam Schröder
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- University of Rostock, Institute of Chemistry, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- University of Rostock, Department LL&M, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Adrian Prudlik
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- University of Rostock, Institute of Chemistry, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Xinzhe Shi
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Anke Spannenberg
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jabor Rabeah
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Robert Francke
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Björn Corzilius
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- University of Rostock, Institute of Chemistry, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- University of Rostock, Department LL&M, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Fabian Reiß
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Torsten Beweries
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- University of Rostock, Department LL&M, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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4
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Kawabuchi Y, Suzuki T, Wada Y, Sunada Y. Reductive Retrocyclization of a Mangana(II)cyclopentasilane to Form Manganese(0) Bis(η 2-disilene) Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319804. [PMID: 38329155 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Ligand-exchange reactions on a mangana(II)cyclopentasilane complex that contains two THF ligands with aryl isocyanides led to the formation of manganese(0) bis(η2-disilene) complexes via a retrocyclization. In stark contrast, ligand-exchange reactions with CNtBu, an N-heterocyclic carbene, or pyridine-based ligands furnished manganese(II) complexes wherein the manganacyclopentasilane framework remained intact. The thermolysis of the obtained bis(η2-disilene) complex in the presence of mesityl isocyanide led to the formation of a cyclotetrasilane via the formal dimerization of the two η2-disilene moieties. The insertion of a mesityl isocyanide into the Mn-Siβ bond results in the formation of a manganese(II) complex supported by a [SiCSi]-type tridentate ligand scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Kawabuchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Wada
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sunada
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- JST PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
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5
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Wang Y, Yang B, Wang B, Li Y, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Guo W, Tan Z, Zheng L. Palladium-Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative Intermolecular [2 + 2 + 2] Coupling-Annulation: Regioselective Synthesis of Multiaryl-Substituted Benzenes. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4579-4594. [PMID: 38506748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed intermolecular [2 + 2 + 2] oxidative coupling-annulation of terminal alkenes and alkynes using copper(II) as the oxidant has been developed through direct C-C bond formation. These reactions provide effective access to multiaryl-substituted benzenes with high regioselectivity in the absence of any ligands. The features of this protocol are broad substrate scope, and high atom and step economy. The aggregation-induced emission properties of selected products were further investigated. These synthesized multiaryl-substituted benzenes may be worth exploring for further applications in the fields of advanced functional materials or drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Beining Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yinyin Li
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Zhiying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yatang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Zhiyong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Lvyin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
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6
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Khatal SB, Purkayastha SK, Guha AK, Tothadi S, Pratihar S. Enhancing Precatalyst Performance and Robustness through Aromaticity: Insights from Iridaheteroaromatics. J Org Chem 2024; 89:2480-2493. [PMID: 38308648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Despite the inherent stability-enhancing benefits of dπ-pπ conjugation-induced aromaticity, metallaaromatic catalysts remain underutilized in this context, despite their reactivity with organic functionalities in stoichiometric reactions. We present a strategy for synthesizing a diverse range of iridaheteroaromatics, (L^L)IrIII(Cp*)I, including iridapyridylidene-indole, iridapyridene-indole, and iridaimidazole, via in situ deprotonation/metalation reactions utilizing [Cp*IrCl2]2 and the respective ligands. These catalysts exhibit enhanced σ-donor and π-acceptor properties, intrinsic σ-π continuum attributes, and versatile binding sites, contributing to stability through enhanced dπ-pπ conjugation-induced aromaticity. Spectroscopic data, X-ray crystallographic data, and density functional theory calculations confirm their aromaticity. These iridaheteroaromatics exhibit formidable catalytic ability across a spectrum of transformations under industrially viable conditions, notably excelling in highly selective cross alkylation and β-alkylation of alcohols and an eco-friendly avenue for quinolone synthesis, achieving remarkably high turnover frequencies (TOFs). Additionally, this method extends to the self-condensation of bioalcohols like ethanol, n-butanol, and n-hexanol in water, replicating conditions frequently encountered in primary fermentation solutions. These iridaheteroaromatics exhibit strong catalytic activity with fast reaction rates, high TOFs, broad substrate compatibility, and remarkable selectivity, displaying their potential as robust catalysts in large-scale applications and emphasizing their practical significance beyond their structural and theoretical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Bapu Khatal
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Ankur K Guha
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India
| | - Srinu Tothadi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division and Centralized Instrumentation Facility, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India
| | - Sanjay Pratihar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
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7
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Ruan K, Lu Z, Rao R, Liu JJ, Chen D, Xia H. Craig-Hückel Hybrid Aromatic Metalla-dehydro[11]annulenes Constructed by a Formal [10+1] Cycloaddition Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316885. [PMID: 38135661 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic metalla-annulenes are important aromatic compounds, research into which has been mainly concentrated on metal-benzenes and their lower homologues. Reports on their superior homologs are rare, and this has greatly limited the systematic study of their properties. In this work, a series of osma-dehydro[11]annulenes with good air and thermal stability were prepared in high yields through a simple [10+1] strategy, by incorporating a metal fragment into conjugated ten-carbon chains in a one-pot reaction. They are the first monometallic aromatic metalla-[n]annulenes with the ring size larger than 6, and their Craig-Hückel hybrid aromaticity is supported by various physical and computational parameters. Besides, these complexes show versatile reactivities, not only giving further evidence for their aromaticity, but also demonstrating their physical and chemical properties can easily be regulated. This work enriches the metalla-aromatic chemistry, and provides a new avenue for the synthesis of large metalla-annulenes with different ring sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaidong Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhengyu Lu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ren Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Dafa Chen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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8
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Yang XF, Zhang MX, Liu SH, Hartl F. Metallaaromatic Complexes as Candidates for Future Molecular Materials and Electronic Devices: Recent Advancements. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202300860. [PMID: 37997007 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the field of organometallic chemistry has made a great progress and diverse types of metallaaromatics have successively been reported. In those studies, incorporation of ligated osmium centers into metallaaromatic systems played a prominent role. The reviewed literature documents that certain metallaaromatics with unconventional photophysical properties, redox and electronic transport properties and magnetism, have potential to be widely used in diverse practical applications, with selected examples of amino acid and fluoride anion identification, photothermal effects, functional materials, photodynamic therapy (PDT) in biomedicine, single-molecule junction conductors, and electron-transport layer materials (ETLs) in solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Fei Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Xing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Purification and Application of Plant Anti-cancer Active Ingredients, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan, 430205, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Hua Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - František Hartl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6DX, United Kingdom
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9
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Jin XY, Wang JY, Yang X, Chen ZN. Attaining Exceptional Stable Copper(I) Metallacyclopentadiene Diradicaloids through Ligand Engineering. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:19323-19331. [PMID: 37955402 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Diradicaloids are generally high-energy molecules with open-shell configuration and are quite reactive. In this work, we report a feasible synthetic approach to attaining exceptionally stable copper(I) metallacyclopentadiene diradicaloids through ligand engineering. Copper(I)-hybrid cyclopentadiene diradicaloids 1c-6c that absorb intensely in visible regions were successfully prepared in stoichiometrical yields under UV light irradiation. The diradicaloids originate from the C-C bonding coupling of two side-by-side-arranged ethynyl groups in complexes 1-6 upon photocyclization. By rational selection of substituents in triphosphine ligands, we systematically modulate the kinetic behavior of diradicaloids 1c-6c in the thermal decoloration process. With precise ligand design, we are able to obtain exceptionally stable copper(I)-hybrid cyclopentadiene diradicaloids with a half-life as long as ca. 40 h in CH2Cl2 solution at ambient temperature. As demonstrated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and variable-temperature magnetic studies, the diradicaloids manifest a singlet ground state, but they are readily populated to a triplet excited state through thermal activation in view of a small singlet-triplet energy gap of -0.39 kcal mol-1. The diradicaloids show two-step quasi-reversible reduction waves at about -0.5 and -1.0 V ascribed to successive one-electron-accepting processes, coinciding perfectly with the characteristics of diradicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Yuan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350100, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jin-Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350100, China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350100, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Zhong-Ning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350100, China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
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10
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Liu HC, Ruan K, Ma K, Fei J, Lin YM, Xia H. Synthesis of metalla-dual-azulenes with fluoride ion recognition properties. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5583. [PMID: 37696902 PMCID: PMC10495402 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41250-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Azulene-based conjugated systems are of great interests due to their unusual structures and photophysical properties. Incorporation of a transition metal into azulene skeleton presents an intriguing opportunity to combine the dπ-pπ and pπ-pπ conjugated properties. No such metallaazulene skeleton however has been reported to date. Here, we describe our development of an efficient [5 + 2] annulation reaction to rapid construction of a unique metal-containing [5-5-7] scaffold, termed metalla-dual-azulene (MDA), which includes a metallaazulene and a metal-free organic azulene intertwined by sharing the tropylium motif. The two azulene motifs in MDA exhibit distinct reactivities. The azulene motif readily undergoes nucleophilic addition, leading to N-, O- and S-substituted cycloheptanetrienyl species. Demetalation of the metallaazulene moiety occurs when it reacts with nBu4NF, which enables highly selective recognition of fluoride anion and a noticeable color change. The practical [5 + 2] annulation methodology, facile functional-group modification, high and selective fluoride detection make this new π-conjugated polycyclic system very suitable for potential applications in photoelectric and sensing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Kaidong Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Kexin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jiawei Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yu-Mei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Department of Chemistry, Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China.
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11
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Bohlen JL, Endres L, Drescher R, Radacki K, Dietz M, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H. Boroles from alumoles: accessing boroles with alkyl-substituted backbones via transtrielation. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9010-9015. [PMID: 37655034 PMCID: PMC10466280 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02668j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The alumole Cp3tAlC4Et4 (Cp3t = 1,2,4-tris(tert-butyl)cyclopentadienyl) is reported to be capable of transferring its butadiene moiety to aryl(dihalo)boranes to generate boroles through aluminum-boron exchange. The products feature a rare alkyl-substituted backbone, which, as shown in other examples, often leads to dimerization due to insufficient steric protection of the antiaromatic borole ring. Sterically crowded aryl groups bound to the boron atom are shown to prevent dimerization, allowing access to the first monomeric derivatives of this type. Results from UV-vis spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and DFT calculations reveal that the alkyl substituents cause remarkable modifications in the optical and electronic properties of the boroles compared to their perarylated counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josina L Bohlen
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Lukas Endres
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Regina Drescher
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Krzysztof Radacki
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Maximilian Dietz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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12
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Li Q, Fei J, Ruan K, Hua Y, Chen D, Luo M, Xia H. Reshaping aromatic frameworks: expansion of aromatic system drives metallabenzenoids to metallapentalenes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:5672-5680. [PMID: 37265719 PMCID: PMC10231429 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01491f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Reshaping an aromatic framework to generate other skeletons is a challenging issue due to the stabilization energy of aromaticity. Such reconfigurations of aromatics commonly generate non-aromatic products and hardly ever reshape to a different aromatic framework. Herein, we present the transformation of metallaindenols to metallapentalenes and metallaindenes in divergent pathways, converting one aromatic framework to another with an extension of the conjugation framework. The mechanistic study of this transformation shows that phosphorus ligands play different roles in the divergent processes. Further theoretical studies indicate that the expansion of the aromatic system is the driving force promoting this skeletal rearrangement. Our findings offer a new concept and strategy to reshape and construct aromatic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jiawei Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Kaidong Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yuhui Hua
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Dafa Chen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Ming Luo
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
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13
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Liu B, Lin Z, Cheng T, Cao T, Zhu S. Synthesis of E-Dienyl Esters Using Acetylene as C2 Synthon. Org Lett 2023; 25:3573-3577. [PMID: 37154605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The stereoselective synthesis of dienyl esters with high atom- and step-economy has been largely unexplored. Herein, we report an efficient approach for the synthesis of E-dienyl esters via rhodium catalysis using carboxylic acid and acetylene as C2 synthon through the cascade of cyclometalation and C-O coupling. This protocol features mild conditions, excellent functional group tolerance, and exclusive E-stereoselectivity and utility in the late-stage modification of pharmaceuticals and natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Zhicong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Tairan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Tongxiang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Shifa Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
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14
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Yu W, Zhou Y, Zhao Y, Bai W. Syntheses and characterizations of rhenaindole complexes. Polyhedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2023.116359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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15
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Tang C, Jiang XL, Chen S, Hong W, Li J, Xia H. Stereoelectronic Modulation of a Single-Molecule Junction through a Tunable Metal-Carbon dπ-pπ Hyperconjugation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10404-10410. [PMID: 37121913 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated molecules play a critical role in the construction of single-molecule devices. However, most conventional conjugated molecules, such as hydrocarbons, involve only a pπ-pπ conjugation of light elements. While the metal d-orbitals can introduce abundant electronic effects to achieve novel electronic properties, it is very scarce for the charge transport study of dπ-pπ conjugated pathways with a metal involved. Here, we employed the single-molecule break junction technique to investigate the charge transport through dπ-pπ conjugated backbones with metal-carbon multiple bonds integrated into the alternative conjugated pathways. The involved dπ-pπ conjugation not only supports high conductivity comparable to that of conjugated hydrocarbons but also significantly enhances the tunable diversity in electronic properties through the metal-induced secondary interaction. Specifically, the introduction of the metal brings an unconventionally stereoelectronic effect triggered by metal-carbon dπ-pπ hyperconjugation, which can be tuned by protonation taking place on the metal-carbon multiple bonds, collectively modulating the single-molecule rectification feature and transmission mechanism. This work demonstrates the promise of utilizing the diverse electronic effect of metals to design molecular devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Tang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xue-Lian Jiang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shiyan Chen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jun Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haiping Xia
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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16
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Zhong K, Liu S, He X, Ni H, Lai W, Gong W, Shan C, Zhao Z, Lan Y, Bai R. Oxidative cyclopalladation triggers the hydroalkylation of alkynes. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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17
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Chai Z, Zhang WX. Dicarbanion Compounds: The Bridge between Organometallic Reagents and Mononuclear Heterocycles. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Chai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications & Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications & Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Cui F, Li Q, Gao L, Ruan K, Ma K, Chen S, Lu Z, Fei J, Lin Y, Xia H. Condensed Osmaquinolines with NIR‐II Absorption Synthesized by Aryl C−H Annulation and Aromatization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202211734. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei‐Hu Cui
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Qian Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Le‐Han Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Kaidong Ruan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Kexin Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Zhengyu Lu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Jiawei Fei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yu‐Mei Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Haiping Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
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19
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Vetter G, Białońska A, Krzyszowska P, Koniarz S, Pacholska‐Dudziak E. Two Rhodium(III) Ions Confined in a [18]Porphyrin Frame: 5,10,15,20‐Tetraaryl‐21,23‐Dirhodaporphyrin. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201513. [PMID: 35665970 PMCID: PMC9545270 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tetraaryl‐21,23‐dirhodaporphyrin and a series of related monorhodaporphyrins have been obtained by tellurium‐to‐rhodium exchange in a reaction of tetraaryl‐21,23‐ditelluraporphyrin with [RhCl(CO)2]2. These organometallic metallaporphyrins contain rhodium(III) centers embedded in rhodacyclopentadiene rings, incorporated within the porphyrin frames. The skeletons of 21,23‐dirhodaporphyrin and 21‐rhoda‐23‐telluraporphyrin are strongly deformed in‐plane from the rectangular shape typical for porphyrins, due to rhodium(III) coordination preferences, the large size of the two core atoms, and the porphyrin skeleton constrains. These two metallaporphyrins exhibit fluxional behavior, as studied by 1H NMR and DFT, involving the in‐plane motion and the switch of the rhodium center(s) between two nitrogen donors. A side product detected in the reaction mixture, 21‐oxa‐23‐rhodaporphyrin, results from tellurium‐to‐oxygen exchange, occurring in parallel to the tellurium‐to‐rhodium exchange. The reaction paths and mechanisms have been analyzed. The title 21,23‐dirhodaporphyrin contains a bridged bimetallic unit, Rh2Cl2, in the center of the macrocycle, with two rhodium(III) ions lying approximately in the plane of the porphyrinoid skeleton. The geometry of the implanted Rh2Cl2 unit is affected by macrocyclic constrains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Vetter
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Wroclaw ul. Joliot-Curie 14 50-383 Wroclaw Poland
| | - Agata Białońska
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Wroclaw ul. Joliot-Curie 14 50-383 Wroclaw Poland
| | - Paulina Krzyszowska
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Wroclaw ul. Joliot-Curie 14 50-383 Wroclaw Poland
| | - Sebastian Koniarz
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Wroclaw ul. Joliot-Curie 14 50-383 Wroclaw Poland
| | - Ewa Pacholska‐Dudziak
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Wroclaw ul. Joliot-Curie 14 50-383 Wroclaw Poland
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20
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Brandes DS, Ellman JA. C-H bond activation and sequential addition to two different coupling partners: a versatile approach to molecular complexity. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:6738-6756. [PMID: 35822540 PMCID: PMC9364435 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00012a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sequential multicomponent C-H bond addition is a powerful approach for the rapid, modular generation of molecular complexity in a single reaction. In this approach, C-H bonds are typically added across π-bonds or π-bond isosteres, followed by subsequent coupling to another type of functionality, thereby forming two σ-bonds in a single reaction sequence. Many sequential C-H bond addition reactions have been developed to date, including additions across both conjugated and isolated π-systems followed by coupling with reactants such as carbonyl compounds, cyanating reagents, aminating reagents, halogenating reagents, oxygenating reagents, and alkylating reagents. These atom-economical reactions transform ubiquitous C-H bonds under mild conditions to more complex structures with a high level of regiochemical and stereochemical control. Surprising connectivities and diverse mechanisms have been elucidated in the development of these reactions. Given the large number of possible combinations of coupling partners, there are enormous opportunities for the discovery of new sequential C-H bond addition reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Brandes
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
| | - Jonathan A Ellman
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
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21
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Wang S, Heng Y, Li T, Wang D, Hou G, Zi G, Walter MD. Intrinsic reactivity of [η 5-1,3-(Me 3Si) 2C 5H 3] 2U(η 4-C 4Ph 2) in small molecule activation. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:11072-11085. [PMID: 35796202 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01730j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The uranium metallacyclocumulene, [η5-1,3-(Me3Si)2C5H3]2U(η4-C4Ph2) (3) was isolated from the reaction mixture containing [η5-1,3-(Me3Si)2C5H3]2UCl2 (1), potassium graphite (KC8) and 1,4-diphenylbutadiyne (PhCC-CCPh) in good yield. The reactivity of 3 towards various small organic molecules was evaluated. For example, while complex 3 shows no reactivity towards alkynes and 2,2'-bipyridine, it may deliver the [η5-1,3-(Me3Si)2C5H3]2U(II) fragment in the presence of Ph2E2 (E = S, Se) and Ph3CN3, or react as a nucleophile in the presence of carbodiimides, isothiocyanates, aldehydes, ketones, and pyridine derivatives, forming five-, seven- or nine-membered heterometallacycles. On the contrary, addition of Ph2CS to 3 induces CS bond cleavage yielding the dithiolate complex [η5-1,3-(Me3Si)2C5H3]2U[S2(C12H5Ph5)] (14). In contrast, the closely related, but sterically more encumbered uranium metallacyclocumulene [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2U(η4-C4Ph2) (4) features a more limited reactivity which is restricted to mono- and double insertions with small unsaturated organic molecules such as isothiocyanates, ketones and nitriles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yi Heng
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Tongyu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Dongwei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Guohua Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Guofu Zi
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Marc D Walter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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22
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Shek HL, Tam KT, Yiu SM, Tse MK, Morris RH, Wong CY. Osmium(II)-Induced Rearrangement of Allenols for Metallafuran Complexes. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hau-Lam Shek
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - King-Ting Tam
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shek-Man Yiu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Man-Kit Tse
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Robert H. Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Chun-Yuen Wong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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23
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Reza AI, Iwai K, Nishiwaki N. Recent Advances in Synthesis of Multiply Arylated/Alkylated Pyridines. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200099. [PMID: 35701177 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Multiply aryl/alkyl-substituted pyridines are some of the untapped synthetic targets because of the challenge in regioselectively introducing less polar aryl/alkyl groups at the desired positions in the pyridine framework. Interestingly, the importance of this family of compounds has increased annually, particularly in biological and materials engineering applications. The syntheses of such pyridines have been extensively reported, but there is a lack of comprehensive review articles. Hence, this review discusses recent advances by grouping reaction patterns that generally deliver tri-, tetra-, and penta-aryl/alkyl pyridines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annisa Indah Reza
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan
| | - Kento Iwai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan.,Research Center for Molecular Design, Kochi University of Technology, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan
| | - Nagatoshi Nishiwaki
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan.,Research Center for Molecular Design, Kochi University of Technology, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan
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24
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Xu B, Mao W, Wu C, Li J, Lu Z, Luo M, Chen D, Xia H. A
One‐Pot
Strategy for the Synthesis of
β
‐Substituted
Rhoda‐ and
Irida‐Carbolong
Complexes. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Xu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Mao
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 People's Republic of China
| | - Chengcheng Wu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengyu Lu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Luo
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 People's Republic of China
| | - Dafa Chen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 People's Republic of China
| | - Haiping Xia
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 People's Republic of China
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25
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Whitehurst WG, Kim J, Koenig SG, Chirik PJ. Three-Component Coupling of Arenes, Ethylene, and Alkynes Catalyzed by a Cationic Bis(phosphine) Cobalt Complex: Intercepting Metallacyclopentenes for C-H Functionalization. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4530-4540. [PMID: 35245039 PMCID: PMC8931730 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A cobalt-catalyzed
intermolecular three-component coupling of arenes,
ethylene, and alkynes was developed using the well-defined air-stable
cationic bis(phosphine) cobalt(I) complex, [(dcype)Co(η6-C7H8)][BArF4]
(dcype = 1,2-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ethane; BArF4 = B[(3,5-(CF3)2)C6H3]4), as the precatalyst. All three components were
required for turnover and formation of ortho-homoallylated
arene products. A range of directing groups including amide, ketone,
and 2-pyridyl substituents on the arene promoted the reaction. The
cobalt-catalyzed method exhibited broad functional group tolerance
allowing for the late-stage functionalization of two drug molecules,
fenofibrate and haloperidol. A series of control reactions, deuterium
labeling studies, resting state analysis, as well as synthesis of
substrate- and product-bound η6-arene complexes supported
a pathway involving C(sp2)–H activation from a cobalt(III) metallacycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Whitehurst
- Department of Chemistry, Frick Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Junho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Frick Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Stefan G Koenig
- Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Paul J Chirik
- Department of Chemistry, Frick Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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26
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Wang Y, Sun Y, Bai W, Zhou Y, Bao X, Li Y. Synthesis, structure and aromaticity of metallapyridinium complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:2876-2882. [PMID: 35099489 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt04096k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The first rhena-analogues of pyridinium (cyclopropametalla-2-isoquinolinium complexes) are obtained from o-ethynyl benzonitriles. Structural analysis and DFT calculations confirm their aromatic nature. Compared to rhenapyrylium, rhenapyridinium has a slightly stronger Hückel π-aromaticity, while a chlorine substituent on the rhenapyridinium ring decreases its aromaticity, which is revealed by NICS, EDDB, MCI and ΔBV(ELFπ) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning 116024, P.R. China. .,School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, P.R. China
| | - Yue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning 116024, P.R. China.
| | - Wei Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning 116024, P.R. China.
| | - Yan Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Key Laboratory of Guangxi Colleges and Universities for Food Safety and Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Nanning, 530008, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning 116024, P.R. China.
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning 116024, P.R. China. .,School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, P.R. China
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27
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Fan JT, Fan XH, Gao CY, Wei J, Yang LM. Regioselectively switchable alkyne cyclotrimerization catalyzed by the system of Ni(II)/bidentate P-ligand/Zn with ZnI 2 as additive. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01913a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple catalyst system of Ni(PPh3)2Cl2/dppb or dppm/Zn can effect an efficient and regioselectively controlled alkyne cyclotrimerization to form 1,2,4- (with no additive) or 1,3,5-regioisomers (with the use of ZnI2...
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28
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Cao Q, Wang P, Cai Y, Hua Y, Zheng S, Cheng X, HE G, Wen TB, Chen J. Synthesis and Characterization of Rhena[10]annulynes. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00463a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Most of the reported metallacycles were limited to small cyclic complexes that contain six-membered or smaller rings. Larger-membered metallacycles are still rare and mainly focus on the dimetallacycles. Herein, we...
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29
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Lv ZJ, Liu W, Zhu M, Chai Z, Wei J, Zhang WX. Insertion Chemistry of Lutetacyclopropene toward Unsaturated C-O/C-N Bonds. Chemistry 2021; 27:16498-16504. [PMID: 34608685 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although the reaction chemistry of transition metallacyclopropenes has been well-established in the last decades, the reactivity of rare-earth metallacyclopropenes remains elusive. Herein, we report the reaction of lutetacyclopropene 1 toward a series of unsaturated molecules. The reaction of 1 with one equiv. of PhCOMe, Ar1 CHO (Ar1 =2,6-Me2 C6 H3 ), W(CO)6 , and PhCH=NPh provided oxalutetacyclopentenes, metallacyclic lutetoxycarbene, and azalutetacyclopentene via 1,2-insertion of C=O, C≡O, or C=N bonds into Lu-Csp2 bond, respectively. However, the reaction between 1 and Ar2 N=C=NAr2 (Ar2 =4-MeC6 H4 ) gave an acyclic lutetium complex with a diamidinate ligand by the coupling of one molecule of 1 with two carbodiimides, irrespective of the amount of carbodiimide employed. More interestingly, when 1 was treated with two equiv. of Ar1 CHO, the reductive coupling of two C=O bonds was discovered to give a lutetium pinacolate complex along with the release of tolan. Remarkably, the reactivity of 1 is significantly different from that of scandacyclopropenes; these metallacycles derived from 1 all represent the first cases in rare-earth organometallic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Jie Lv
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Miaomiao Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Zhengqi Chai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Junnian Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
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30
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Huang Z, Zheng Y, Zhong M. Transmetalation Reactions of Aromatic Dilithionickelole: Synthesis of Heterobimetallic Complexes Featuring Metalloles as Diene Ligands. Chemistry 2021; 27:15967-15972. [PMID: 34569115 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The aromatic metallole dianions are important metallaaromatic compounds because of their various reactivities and extensive synthetic applications. Herein we report the reactions of dilithionickelole with MgCl2 , EtAlCl2 , Cp*ScCl2 , Cp*LuCl2 and Pt(COD)Cl2 (COD=1,5-cyclooctadiene) affording a series of Ni/M heterobimetallic complexes of the general formula (η4 -C4 R4 M)Ni(COD), in which the metalloles act as diene ligands, as suggested by single-crystal X-ray, NMR and theoretical analyses. In these reactions, two electrons of the nickelole dianion transferred to Ni, representing different reactivity compared with main-group metallole dianions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Huang
- College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Mingdong Zhong
- College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
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31
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Wang H, Lin Y, Chen S, Ruan Y, Xia H. Metallacycle Expansion and Annulation: Access to
Tetrazolo‐Fused
Osmacycles by Reaction of Cyclic Osmium Carbyne with Sodium Azide. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yu‐Mei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yonghong Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
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32
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Abstract
Even though metallacyclopentadienes (MCPs) are among the most common metallacycles, their electron delocalization (aromaticity) has received far less attention than other metallacycles, such as metallabenzenes. We systematically studied the aromaticity of MCPs with energetic (isomerization stabilization energy), density (delocalization index) and magnetic (current density) aromaticity indices. The indices agree that metallacyclopentadienes are, in general, weakly aromatic at most. The 18e− complexes showed the expected weak aromaticity, and only the d8 molecules are somewhat anti-aromatic. However, the theoretical account of the aromaticity of the 16e− MCPs is more convoluted. We find that the aromatic criteria for a 16e−d4 ruthenacyclopentadiene disagree. The lack of agreement shows that significant electron delocalization is not always related to great stability or to strong diatropic currents.
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33
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Sueyoshi S, Taniguchi T, Tanaka S, Asakawa H, Nishimura T, Maeda K. Understanding the Polymerization of Diphenylacetylenes with Tantalum(V) Chloride and Cocatalysts: Production of Cyclic Poly(diphenylacetylene)s by Low-Valent Tantalum Species Generated in Situ. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:16136-16146. [PMID: 34499837 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A systematic investigation of the polymerization of representative diphenylacetylenes with TaCl5 and cocatalysts suggested that low-valent Ta species, which are formed by in situ reduction of TaCl5 by the cocatalysts, are involved in the polymerization and that the polymerization reaction proceeds by an insertion ring expansion mechanism via the formation of tantalacyclopentadiene intermediates, rather than the previously considered metathesis mechanism. This polymerization mechanism indicates the production of unprecedented cis-stereoregular cyclic poly(diphenylacetylene)s. Indeed, the possibilities of a cyclic structure and high cis-stereoregularity of the resulting polymers were reasonably supported by the results of their detailed atomic force microscopy (AFM) and NMR analyses, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingyo Sueyoshi
- Graduate School of Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Saki Tanaka
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Asakawa
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.,Nanomaterials Research Institute (NanoMaRi), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.,Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nishimura
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Maeda
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.,Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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34
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Cai Y, Hua Y, Lu Z, Lan Q, Lin Z, Fei J, Chen Z, Zhang H, Xia H. Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions of compounds with Craig-Möbius aromaticity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2102310118. [PMID: 34544859 PMCID: PMC8488665 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2102310118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS) reactions are widely regarded as characteristic reactions of aromatic species, but no comparable reaction has been reported for molecules with Craig-Möbius aromaticity. Here, we demonstrate successful EAS reactions of Craig-Möbius aromatics, osmapentalenes, and fused osmapentalenes. The highly reactive nature of osmapentalene makes it susceptible to electrophilic attack by halogens, thus osmapentalene, osmafuran-fused osmapentalene, and osmabenzene-fused osmapentalene can undergo typical EAS reactions. In addition, the selective formation of a series of halogen substituted metalla-aromatics via EAS reactions has revealed an unprecedented approach to otherwise elusive compounds such as the unsaturated cyclic chlorirenium ions. Density functional theory calculations were conducted to study the electronic effect on the regioselectivity of the EAS reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanting Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China 361005
| | - Yuhui Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China 361005
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China 518005
| | - Zhengyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China 361005
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China 518005
| | - Qing Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China 361005
| | - Zuzhang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China 361005
| | - Jiawei Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China 361005
| | - Zhixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China 361005
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China 361005;
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China 361005;
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China 518005
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35
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Suzuki A, Wu L, Lin Z, Yamashita M. Isomerization of a cis-(2-Borylalkenyl)Gold Complex via a Retro-1,2-Metalate Shift: Cleavage of a C-C/C-Si Bond trans to a C-Au Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21007-21013. [PMID: 34288308 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript describes the first example of an alkyne insertion to the Au-B bond of a di(o-tolyl)borylgold complex to afford a cis-2-borylalkenylgold complex, and its isomerization to result in interchanging substituents on the alkenyl carbon atom and the boron atom. The former reaction is the first example of an alkyne insertion to a Au-B bond. In the latter reaction, the regiochemistry of the isomerized alkenylgold products varied depending on the substituents. DFT calculations revealed the formation of gold alkynylborates as a common intermediate via a "retro-1,2-metalate shift", which can be considered as an anti-β-carbon/silicon elimination, and identified a subsequent 1,2-metalate shift as the regiochemistry-determining step. Relative energies of the transition states to each isomer and natural-bond-orbital (NBO) analyses were used to clearly rationalize the regiochemistry of the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akane Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Aichi, Japan
| | - Linlin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Aichi, Japan
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36
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Suzuki A, Wu L, Lin Z, Yamashita M. Isomerization of a
cis
‐(2‐Borylalkenyl)Gold Complex via a Retro‐1,2‐Metalate Shift: Cleavage of a C−C/C−Si Bond
trans
to a C−Au Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akane Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Aichi Japan
| | - Linlin Wu
- Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Aichi Japan
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37
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Ohta S, Miura N, Saitoh K, Itoh K, Satoh S, Miyamoto R, Okazaki M. Synthesis and Structures of Bis(indolyl)-Coordinated Titanium Dichlorido Complexes and Their Catalytic Application in the Cyclotrimerization of Alkynes. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shun Ohta
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Narumi Miura
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Saitoh
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Keigo Itoh
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Sora Satoh
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Ryo Miyamoto
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Masaaki Okazaki
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
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38
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Talavera M, Bolaño S. Iridaaromatics via Methoxy(alkenyl)carbeneiridium Complexes. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154655. [PMID: 34361807 PMCID: PMC8347548 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This review describes the development of a versatile methodology to synthesize polycyclic metallaaromatic hydrocarbons based on iridium, as well as the studies that helped us to determine and understand what is required in order to broaden the scope and the selectivity of the methodology and stabilize the complexes obtained. This methodology aims to open the door to new materials based on graphene fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Talavera
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt–Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany;
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Universitario, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Sandra Bolaño
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Universitario, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Correspondence:
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39
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Yeung CF, Shek HL, Yiu SM, Tse MK, Wong CY. Controlled Activation of Dipicolinyl-Substituted Propargylic Alcohol by Ru(II) and Os(II) for Unprecedented Indolizine-Fused Metallafuran Complexes. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Fung Yeung
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Hau-Lam Shek
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Shek-Man Yiu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Man-Kit Tse
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Chun-Yuen Wong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
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40
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Heß M, Krummenacher I, Dellermann T, Braunschweig H. Rhodium-Mediated Stoichiometric Synthesis of Mono-, Bi-, and Bis-1,2-Azaborinines: 1-Rhoda-3,2-azaboroles as Reactive Precursors. Chemistry 2021; 27:9503-9507. [PMID: 34060149 PMCID: PMC8362125 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of highly substituted 1,2-azaborinines, including a phenylene-bridged bis-1,2-azaborinine, was synthesized from the reaction of 1,2-azaborete rhodium complexes with variously substituted alkynes. 1-Rhoda-3,2-azaborole complexes, which are accessible by phosphine addition to the corresponding 1,2-azaborete complexes, were also found to be suitable precursors for the synthesis of 1,2-azaborinines and readily reacted with alkynyl-substituted 1,2-azaborinines to generate new regioisomers of bi-1,2-azaborinines, which feature directly connected aromatic rings. Their molecular structures, which can be viewed as boron-nitrogen isosteres of biphenyls, show nearly perpendicular 1,2-azaborinine rings. The new method using rhodacycles instead of 1,2-azaborete complexes as precursors is shown to be more effective, allowing the synthesis of a wider range of 1,2-azaborinines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Heß
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Theresa Dellermann
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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41
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Wang H, Ruan Y, Lin YM, Xia H. Direct amidation of metallaaromatics: access to N-functionalized osmapentalynes via a 1,5-bromoamidated intermediate. Chem Sci 2021; 12:6315-6322. [PMID: 34084429 PMCID: PMC8115065 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01571k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct C–H amidation or imidation of metallaaromatics with N-bromoamides or imides has been achieved under mild conditions and leads to the formation of a family of N-functionalized metallapentalyne derivatives. A unique 1,5-bromoamidated species has been identified, and can be viewed as a σH-adduct intermediate in a nucleophilic aromatic substitution. The 1,5-addition of both electrophilic and nucleophilic moieties into the metallaaromatic framework demonstrates a novel pathway in contrast to the typical radical process of arene C–H amidation involving N-haloamide reagents. The direct C–H amidation of metallapentalyne has been achieved under mild conditions in which key 1,5-bromoamidated intermediates was determined.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yonghong Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yu-Mei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China .,Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
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42
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Roy DK, Tröster T, Fantuzzi F, Dewhurst RD, Lenczyk C, Radacki K, Pranckevicius C, Engels B, Braunschweig H. Isolierung und Reaktivität eines s‐Block‐Metall‐Antiaromaten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Kumar Roy
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Discipline of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Indore Khandwa Road, Simrol Indore 453552, M.P. Indien
| | - Tobias Tröster
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Emil-Fischer-Str. 42 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Rian D. Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Carsten Lenczyk
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Krzysztof Radacki
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Conor Pranckevicius
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Emil-Fischer-Str. 42 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
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43
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Roy DK, Tröster T, Fantuzzi F, Dewhurst RD, Lenczyk C, Radacki K, Pranckevicius C, Engels B, Braunschweig H. Isolation and Reactivity of an Antiaromatic s-Block Metal Compound. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:3812-3819. [PMID: 33210400 PMCID: PMC7898526 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The concepts of aromaticity and antiaromaticity have a long history, and countless demonstrations of these phenomena have been made with molecules based on elements from the p, d, and f blocks of the periodic table. In contrast, the limited oxidation-state flexibility of the s-block metals has long stood in the way of their participation in sophisticated π-bonding arrangements, and truly antiaromatic systems containing s-block metals are altogether absent or remain poorly defined. Using spectroscopic, structural, and computational techniques, we present herein the synthesis and authentication of a heterocyclic compound containing the alkaline earth metal beryllium that exhibits significant antiaromaticity, and detail its chemical reduction and Lewis-base-coordination chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Kumar Roy
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Discipline of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology IndoreKhandwa Road, SimrolIndore453552, M.P.India
| | - Tobias Tröster
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgEmil-Fischer-Strasse 4297074WürzburgGermany
| | - Rian D. Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Carsten Lenczyk
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Krzysztof Radacki
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Conor Pranckevicius
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgEmil-Fischer-Strasse 4297074WürzburgGermany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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44
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Bao X, Li Y, Bai W, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Sun Y, Jiang J. One-pot syntheses of rhena-2-benzopyrylium complexes with a fused metallacyclopropene unit. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:1643-1646. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07749f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Facile syntheses of the first cyclopropametalla-2-benzopyrylium complexes containing fused metallapyrylium and metallacyclopropene units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Liaoning 116024
| | - Yang Li
- School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Panjin
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Liaoning 116024
| | - Yan Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University for Nationalities
- 188 Daxue East Road
- Nanning
- P. R. China
| | - Yilun Wang
- School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Panjin
- P. R. China
| | - Yue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Liaoning 116024
| | - Jingyang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Liaoning 116024
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45
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Pacholska-Dudziak E, Vetter G, Góratowska A, Białońska A, Latos-Grażyński L. Chemistry inside a Porphyrin Skeleton: Platinacyclopentadiene from Tellurophene. Chemistry 2020; 26:16011-16018. [PMID: 32511814 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Platinum(II) binds to 21,23-ditelluraporphyrin forming a side-on complex, which can be easily transformed into an aromatic metallaporphyrin, that is, 21-platina-23-telluraporphyrin, with a platinacyclopentadiene unit built in the porphyrin skeleton in place of one pyrrole ring. The central platinum(II) ion with a CCNTe square-planar coordination sphere can be oxidized to platinum(IV) by chlorine, bromine, methyl iodide or allyl chloride to yield octahedral complexes. All platinatelluraporphyrins show dynamic behavior involving the platinum ion coordination sphere fluxionality and the porphyrin skeleton deformation, both in-plane and out-of-plane, as demonstrated by 1 H NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Pacholska-Dudziak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, ul. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Vetter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, ul. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Góratowska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, ul. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agata Białońska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, ul. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
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46
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Abstract
Due to the linear property around an acetylenic carbon, the introduction of such an atom to a small cycle would result in high ring strain. Currently, the smallest isolated rings are five-membered, including metallacycloalkynes and metallapentalynes. Both types contain at least one unusual small bond angle around the acetylenic carbon, thus exhibiting abnormal reactivities. This feature article gives a comprehensive overview on these two kind complexes. The synthesis and reactivities are extensively described, the source of stability is presented, and the future prospect is discussed. The article aims to provide a better development for the chemical diversity of five-membered metallacycloalkynes and metallapentalynes.
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47
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Abstract
Since the prediction of the existence of metallabenzenes in 1979, metallaaromatic chemistry has developed rapidly, due to its importance in both experimental and theoretical fields. Now six major types of metallaromatic compounds, metallabenzenes, metallabenzynes, heterometallaaromatics, dianion metalloles, metallapentalenes and metallapentalynes (also termed carbolongs), and spiro metalloles, have been reported and extensively studied. Their parent organic analogues may be aromatic, non-aromatic, or even anti-aromatic. These unique systems not only enrich the large family of aromatics, but they also broaden our understanding and extend the concept of aromaticity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of metallaaromatic chemistry. We have focused on not only the six major classes of metallaaromatics, including the main-group-metal-based metallaaromatics, but also other types, such as metallacyclobutadienes and metallacyclopropenes. The structures, synthetic methods, and reactivities are described, their applications are covered, and the challenges and future prospects of the area are discussed. The criteria commonly used to judge the aromaticity of metallaaromatics are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafa Chen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Hua
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiping Xia
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
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48
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Ma W, Douair I, Maron L, Ye Q. Incorporation of Boron into Uranium Metallacycles: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Boron-Containing Uranacycles Derived from Bis(alkynyl)boranes. Chemistry 2020; 26:13573-13577. [PMID: 32761976 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of uranacyclopropene complex (C5 Me5 )2 U[η2 -1,2-C2 (SiMe3 )2 ] with B-aryl bis(alkynyl)borane PhB(C≡CPh)2 led to the first six-membered uranium metallaboracycle, while the reaction with B-amino bis(alkynyl)borane (Me3 Si)2 NB(C≡CPh)2 afforded an unexpected uranaborabicyclo[2.2.0] complex via [2+2] cycloaddition. The reaction with CuCl revealed the non-innocent property of the rearranged bis(alkynyl)boron species towards oxidant. The reactions with isocyanide DippNC: (Dipp=2,6-iPr2 -C6 H3 ) and isocyanate tBuNCO afforded the novel uranaborabicyclo[3.2.0] complexes. All new complexes have been structurally characterized. DFT calculations were performed to provide more insights into the electronic structures and the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangyang Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Iskander Douair
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China
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49
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Yu C, Zhong M, Zhang Y, Wei J, Ma W, Zhang W, Ye S, Xi Z. Butadienyl Diiron Complexes: Nonplanar Metalla‐Aromatics Involving σ‐Type Orbital Overlap. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Mingdong Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Junnian Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Wangyang Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Wen‐Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Shanghai 200032 China
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50
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Yu C, Zhong M, Zhang Y, Wei J, Ma W, Zhang WX, Ye S, Xi Z. Butadienyl Diiron Complexes: Nonplanar Metalla-Aromatics Involving σ-Type Orbital Overlap. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19048-19053. [PMID: 32686269 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A new class of nonplanar metalla-aromatics, diiron complexes bridged by a 1,3-butadienyl dianionic ligand, were synthesized in high yields from dilithio reagents and two equivalents of FeBr2 . The complexes consist of two antiferromagnetically coupled high-spin FeII centers, as revealed by magnetometry, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and DFT calculations. Furthermore, experimental (X-ray structural analysis) and theoretical analyses (NICS, ICSS, AICD, MOs) suggest that the complexes are aromatic. Remarkably, this nonplanar metalla-aromaticity is achieved by an uncommon σ-type overlap between the ligand p and metal d orbitals, in sharp contrast to the intensively studied planar aromatic systems featuring delocalized π-type bonding. Specifically, the σ-type interaction between the two Fe 3dxz orbitals and the butadienyl π orbital results in the formation of a six-electron conjugated system and hence enables the aromatic character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Mingdong Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Junnian Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wangyang Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China.,Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai, 200032, China
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