1
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Minnick JL, Raincrow J, Meinders G, Latifi R, Tahsini L. Synthesis, Characterization, and Spectroscopic Studies of 2,6-Dimethylpyridyl-Linked Cu(I)-CNC Complexes: The Electronic Influence of Aryl Wingtips on Copper Centers. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:15912-15926. [PMID: 37715709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Six new Cu(I) complexes containing pincer ligands of the type 2,6-bis(3-alkyl/arylimidazol-2-ylidene) methylpyridine I(R/R'Ar) ĈN̂C, where R = trifluoroethyl (TFE) and R' = 4-CF3, 4-NO2, 4-CN, 4-H, and 4-CH3, have been synthesized. These complexes, namely, [Cu(I(TFE)ĈN̂C)]PF6, 1-TFE; [Cu(ICF3Ar ĈN̂C]PF6, 2-CF3; [Cu(INO2Ar ĈN̂C)]PF6, 3-NO2; [Cu(ICNAr ĈN̂C]PF6, 4-CN; [Cu(IHAr ĈN̂C)]2(PF6)2, 5-H; and [Cu(ICH3Ar ĈN̂C)]2(PF6)2, 6-CH3, were fully characterized by 1H, 13C, and HMBC NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, electrochemical studies, and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The crystallographic data revealed different structures and copper nuclearities for the complexes bearing aryl wingtips with electron-withdrawing (2-CF3, 3-NO2, and 4-CN) and electron-donating (5-H and 6-CH3) substituents. The solution-phase conductivity measurements in acetonitrile revealed a mix-electrolyte behavior for these complexes, supporting the presence of both mono- and binuclear forms of each complex. The fast monomer-dimer equilibrium of the Cu-CNC complexes at room temperature is reflected in their simple 1H NMR spectra in acetonitrile. However, both mono- and binuclear forms were identifiable in 1H diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) at low temperatures. The dynamic behavior of these complexes in solution was further examined by variable-temperature 1H NMR (VT 1H NMR) experiments, and the relevant thermodynamic parameters were determined. The process was also probed by one-dimensional rotating-frame Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy (1D ROESY) experiments to elucidate the coexisting species in solution. The 2,6-dimethylpyridyl-linked Cu-CNC complexes also presented a quasi-reversible Cu(II)/Cu(I) couple in cyclic voltammetry studies, wherein a clear influence of the aryl wingtips on the E1/2 values was observed. Furthermore, the percent buried volumes (% Vbur) of the complexes were calculated, showing a similar steric hindrance around copper in all complexes. These findings support the importance of electronic effects, induced by the aryl wingtips, on the preferred coordination geometry, copper nuclearity, and redox properties of the Cu-CNC complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Minnick
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - John Raincrow
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Grace Meinders
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Reza Latifi
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Laleh Tahsini
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
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2
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Liu Y, Resch SG, Chen H, Dechert S, Demeshko S, Bill E, Ye S, Meyer F. Fully Delocalized Mixed-Valent Cu 1.5 Cu 1.5 Complex: Strong Cu-Cu interaction and Fast Electron Self-Exchange Rate Despite Large Structural Changes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215840. [PMID: 36504436 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A flexible macrocyclic ligand with two tridentate {CNC} compartments can host two Cu ions in reversibly interconvertible states, CuI CuI (1) and mixed-valent Cu1.5 Cu1.5 (2). They were characterized by XRD and multiple spectroscopic methods, including EPR, UV/Vis absorption and MCD, in combination with TD-DFT and CASSCF calculations. 2 features a short Cu⋅⋅⋅Cu distance (≈2.5 Å; compared to ≈4.0 Å in 1) and a very high delocalization energy of 13 000 cm-1 , comparable to the mixed-valent state of the biological CuA site. Electron self-exchange between 1 and 2 is rapid despite large structural reorganization, and is proposed to proceed via a sequential mechanism involving an active conformer of 1, viz. 1'; the latter has been characterized by XRD. Such electron transfer (ET) process is reminiscent of the conformationally gated ET proposed for biological systems. This redox couple is a unique pair of flexible dicopper complexes, achieving fast electron self-exchange closely related to the function of the CuA site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan G Resch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Haowei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Department of Inorganic Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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3
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Parker GL, Van Lommel R, Roig N, Alonso M, Chaplin AB. Modulation of Metal Carbonyl Stretching Frequencies in the Second Coordination Sphere through the Internal Stark Effect. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202283. [PMID: 36082961 PMCID: PMC10092048 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Spectroscopic and computational examination of a homologous series of rhodium(I) pybox carbonyl complexes has revealed a correlation between the conformation of the flanking aryl-substituted oxazoline donors and the carbonyl stretching frequency. This relationship is also observed experimentally for octahedral rhodium(III) and ruthenium(II) variants and cannot be explained through the classical, Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson, interpretation of metal-carbonyl bonding. Instead, these findings are reconciled by local changes in the magnitude of the electric field that is projected along the metal-carbonyl vector: the internal Stark effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma L Parker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK
| | - Ruben Van Lommel
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nil Roig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK.,Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mercedes Alonso
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adrian B Chaplin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK
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4
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Narayana BK, Keri RS, Hanumantharayudu ND, Budagumpi S. Metal‐Metal Interactions in Bi‐, Tri‐ and Multinuclear Fe, Ru and Os N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes and their Catalytic Applications. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brinda Kadur Narayana
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Kanakapura, Ramanagaram Bangalore 562 112 Karnataka India
| | - Rangappa S. Keri
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Kanakapura, Ramanagaram Bangalore 562 112 Karnataka India
| | | | - Srinivasa Budagumpi
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Kanakapura, Ramanagaram Bangalore 562 112 Karnataka India
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5
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Liang Q, Song D. Syntheses and Reactivity of Piano-Stool Iron Complexes of Picolyl-Functionalized N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuming Liang
- Davenport Chemical Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Datong Song
- Davenport Chemical Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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6
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Hermosilla P, García-Orduña P, Lahoz FJ, Polo V, Casado MA. Rh Complexes with Pincer Carbene CNC Lutidine-Based Ligands: Reactivity Studies toward H 2 Addition. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Hermosilla
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar García-Orduña
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando J. Lahoz
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Víctor Polo
- Departamento de Química Física and Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de los Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza, c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Casado
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
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7
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Mikhaylov VN, Balova IA. Alternative Transformations of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of the Group 11 Metals in Transmetalation Reactions (A Review). RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363221110098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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8
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The Fascinating Flexibility and Coordination Modes of a Pentamethylene Connected Macrocyclic CNC Pincer Ligand. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061669. [PMID: 33802789 PMCID: PMC8002578 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The coordination chemistry of an electron-rich macrocyclic CNC pincer-ligand consisting of two pentamethylene tethered N-heterocyclic carbene moieties on a carbazole backbone (bimcaC5) is investigated by mainly NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystal structure analysis. A bridging coordination mode is found for the lithium complex. With the larger and softer potassium ion, the ligand adopts a facial coordination mode and a polymeric structure by intermolecular potassium nitrogen interactions. The facial coordination is also confirmed at a Cp*Ru fragment, while C-H activation under dehydrogenation at the alkyl chain is observed upon reaction with [Ru(PPh3)3Cl2]. In contrast, Pd(OAc)2 reacts under C-H activation at the central carbon atom of the pentamethylene tether to an alkyl-pincer macrocycle.
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9
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Hood TM, Chaplin AB. Synthesis and reactivity of iridium complexes of a macrocyclic PNP pincer ligand. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:2472-2482. [PMID: 33511383 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04303f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Having recently reported on the synthesis and rhodium complexes of the novel macrocyclic pincer ligand PNP-14, which is derived from lutidine and features terminal phosphine donors trans-substituted with a tetradecamethylene linker (Dalton Trans., 2020, 49, 2077-2086 and Dalton Trans., 2020, 49, 16649-16652), we herein describe our findings critically examining the chemistry of iridium homologues. The five-coordinate iridium(i) and iridium(iii) complexes [Ir(PNP-14)(η2:η2-cyclooctadiene)][BArF4] and [Ir(PNP-14)(2,2'-biphenyl)][BArF4] are readily prepared and shown to be effective precursors for the generation of iridium(iii) dihydride dihydrogen, iridium(i) bis(ethylene), and iridium(i) carbonyl derivatives that highlight important periodic trends by comparison to rhodium counterparts. Reaction of [Ir(PNP-14)H2(H2)][BArF4] with 3,3-dimethylbutene induced triple C-H bond activation of the methylene chain, yielding an iridium(iii) allyl hydride derivative [Ir(PNP-14*)H][BArF4], whilst catalytic homocoupling of 3,3-dimethylbutyne into Z-tBuC[triple bond, length as m-dash]CCHCHtBu could be promoted at RT by [Ir(PNP-14)(η2:η2-cyclooctadiene)][BArF4] (TOFinitial = 28 h-1). The mechanism of the latter is proposed to involve formation and direct reaction of a vinylidene derivative with HC[triple bond, length as m-dash]CtBu outside of the macrocyclic ring and this suggestion is supported experimentally by isolation and crystallographic characterisation of a catalyst deactivation product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Hood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Adrian B Chaplin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
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10
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Nishad RC, Rit A. Self-Assembly of Benzimidazole-Derived Tris-NHC Ligands and Ag I -Ions to Hexanuclear Organometallic Cages and Their Unusual Transmetalation Chemistry. Chemistry 2021; 27:594-599. [PMID: 33090631 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Multi-ligand self-assembly to attain the AgI -N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-built hexanuclear organometallic cages of composition [Ag6 (3 a,b)4 ](PF6 )6 from the reaction of benzimidazole-derived tris(azolium) salts [H3 -3 a,b](PF6 )3 with Ag2 O was achieved. The molecular structures of the cages were established by X-ray diffraction studies along with NMR and MS analyses. The existence of a single assembly in solution was supported by diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) 1 H NMR spectra. Further, transmetalation reactions of these self-assembled complexes, [Ag6 (3 a,b)4 ](PF6 )6 , with CuI /AuI -ions provided various coinage metal-NHC complexes having diverse molecular compositions, which included the first example of a hexanuclear CuI -dodecacarbene complex, [Cu6 (3 b)4 ](PF6 )6 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev C Nishad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Arnab Rit
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
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11
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Sato H, Tsukamoto T, Sogawa H, Kuwata S, Takata T. Ruthenium macrocycles bearing pyridine bis(carboxamide): synthesis, structure, and catalytic activity for hydrosilylation. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj06133f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium complexes Ru(MC33)(CO)n(L)2−n (L = H2O, PPh3, P(OEt)3; n = 1, 2) with a pincer-type macrocyclic ligand MC33 with a cavity were synthesized and characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Sato
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Tadashi Tsukamoto
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Sogawa
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka, 564-8680, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kuwata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Takata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
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13
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Storey CM, Gyton MR, Andrew RE, Chaplin AB. Terminal Alkyne Coupling Reactions Through a Ring: Effect of Ring Size on Rate and Regioselectivity. Chemistry 2020; 26:14715-14723. [PMID: 32677713 PMCID: PMC7756505 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Terminal alkyne coupling reactions promoted by rhodium(I) complexes of macrocyclic NHC-based pincer ligands-which feature dodecamethylene, tetradecamethylene or hexadecamethylene wingtip linkers viz. [Rh(CNC-n)(C2 H4 )][BArF 4 ] (n=12, 14, 16; ArF =3,5-(CF3 )2 C6 H3 )-have been investigated, using the bulky alkynes HC≡CtBu and HC≡CAr' (Ar'=3,5-tBu2 C6 H3 ) as substrates. These stoichiometric reactions proceed with formation of rhodium(III) alkynyl alkenyl derivatives and produce rhodium(I) complexes of conjugated 1,3-enynes by C-C bond reductive elimination through the annulus of the ancillary ligand. The intermediates are formed with orthogonal regioselectivity, with E-alkenyl complexes derived from HC≡CtBu and gem-alkenyl complexes derived from HC≡CAr', and the reductive elimination step is appreciably affected by the ring size of the macrocycle. For the homocoupling of HC≡CtBu, E-tBuC≡CCH=CHtBu is produced via direct reductive elimination from the corresponding rhodium(III) alkynyl E-alkenyl derivatives with increasing efficacy as the ring is expanded. In contrast, direct reductive elimination of Ar'C≡CC(=CH2 )Ar' is encumbered relative to head-to-head coupling of HC≡CAr' and it is only with the largest macrocyclic ligand studied that the two processes are competitive. These results showcase how macrocyclic ligands can be used to interrogate the mechanism and tune the outcome of terminal alkyne coupling reactions, and are discussed with reference to catalytic reactions mediated by the acyclic homologue [Rh(CNC-Me)(C2 H4 )][BArF 4 ] and solvent effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M. Storey
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickGibbet Hill RoadCoventryCV4 7ALUK
| | - Matthew R. Gyton
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickGibbet Hill RoadCoventryCV4 7ALUK
| | - Rhiann E. Andrew
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickGibbet Hill RoadCoventryCV4 7ALUK
| | - Adrian B. Chaplin
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickGibbet Hill RoadCoventryCV4 7ALUK
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14
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Kynman AE, Lau S, Dowd SO, Krämer T, Chaplin AB. Oxidative Addition of Biphenylene and Chlorobenzene to a Rh(CNC) Complex. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020; 2020:3899-3906. [PMID: 33328794 PMCID: PMC7702176 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and organometallic chemistry of rhodium(I) complex [Rh(CNC-Me)(SOMe2)][BArF 4], featuring NHC-based pincer and labile dimethyl sulfoxide ligands, is reported. This complex reacts with biphenylene and chlorobenzene to afford products resulting from selective C-C and C-Cl bond activation, [Rh(CNC-Me)(2,2'-biphenyl)(OSMe2)][BArF 4] and [Rh(CNC-Me)(Ph)Cl(OSMe2)][BArF 4], respectively. A detailed DFT-based computational analysis indicates that C-H bond oxidative addition of these substrates is kinetically competitive, but in all cases endergonic: contrasting the large thermodynamic driving force calculated for insertion of the metal into the C-C and C-Cl bonds, respectively. Under equivalent conditions the substrates are not activated by the phosphine-based pincer complex [Rh(PNP-iPr)(SOMe2)][BArF 4].
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E. Kynman
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickGibbet Hill RoadCoventryCV4 7ALUK
| | - Samantha Lau
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickGibbet Hill RoadCoventryCV4 7ALUK
| | - Sean O. Dowd
- Department of ChemistryMaynooth UniversityCo. KildareMaynoothIreland
| | - Tobias Krämer
- Department of ChemistryMaynooth UniversityCo. KildareMaynoothIreland
- Hamilton InstituteMaynooth UniversityCo. KildareMaynoothIreland
| | - Adrian B. Chaplin
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickGibbet Hill RoadCoventryCV4 7ALUK
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15
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Düşünceli SD, Ayaz D, Üstün E, Günal S, Özdemir N, Dinçer M, Özdemir İ. Synthesis, antimicrobial properties, and theoretical analysis of benzimidazole-2-ylidene silver(I) complexes. J COORD CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2020.1812587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Serpil Demir Düşünceli
- Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Chemistry, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Centre, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Dilek Ayaz
- Catalysis Research and Application Centre, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Elvan Üstün
- Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Chemistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Selami Günal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, İnonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Namik Özdemir
- Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Education, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Muharrem Dinçer
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - İsmail Özdemir
- Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Chemistry, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Centre, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
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16
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Hernández‐Juárez M, Sánchez P, López‐Serrano J, Lara P, González‐Herrero P, Rendón N, Álvarez E, Paneque M, Suárez A. Metalated Ir–CNP Complexes Containing Imidazolin‐2‐ylidene and Imidazolidin‐2‐ylidene Donors – Synthesis, Structure, Luminescence, and Metal–Ligand Cooperative Reactivity. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martín Hernández‐Juárez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO‐CINQA) CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla 41092 Sevilla Spain
- Área Académica de Química Centro de Investigaciones Químicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo (UAEH) Km. 14.5 Carretera Pachuca‐Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento, C.P. 42184 Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo Mexico
| | - Práxedes Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO‐CINQA) CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Joaquín López‐Serrano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO‐CINQA) CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Patricia Lara
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO‐CINQA) CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Pablo González‐Herrero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Facultad de Química Universidad de Murcia 30071 Murcia Spain
| | - Nuria Rendón
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO‐CINQA) CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Eleuterio Álvarez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO‐CINQA) CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Margarita Paneque
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO‐CINQA) CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Andrés Suárez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO‐CINQA) CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla 41092 Sevilla Spain
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17
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Matavos-Aramyan S, Soukhakian S, Jazebizadeh MH. Mononuclear Cu Complexes Based on Nitrogen Heterocyclic Carbene: A Comprehensive Review. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2020; 378:39. [PMID: 32367181 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-020-00304-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
During the last decade, organometallic, coordination, and catalytic chemistry of the three-dimensional metals such as copper (Cu) has been greatly affected by the emergence of nitrogen heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes. The NHCs, and in particular the mononuclear CuI-based ones, have been proven vastly useful in several applications such as in biosynthesis, catalysis, photochemistry, etc. This review tries to thoroughly describe a series of mononuclear CuI NHC complexes and their subcategories such as heteroleptics, and bidentate and tridentate heteroatom complexes, and give some detailed insights on their development, emergence, and applications. A brief outlook is also disclosed to enable other researchers to further develop a platform for future advances and studies in the field of CuI-based NHCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Matavos-Aramyan
- Research and Development Department, Division of Chemistry, Raazi Environmental Protection Foundation, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Sadaf Soukhakian
- Research and Development Department, Division of Chemistry, Raazi Environmental Protection Foundation, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Jazebizadeh
- Research and Development Department, Division of Chemistry, Raazi Environmental Protection Foundation, Shiraz, Iran
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18
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Yamamoto K, Nameki R, Sogawa H, Takata T. Synthesis of polystyrene-supported Pd(II)-containing macrocyclic complex as a reusable catalyst for chemoselective Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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19
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Liu Y, Resch SG, Klawitter I, Cutsail GE, Demeshko S, Dechert S, Kühn FE, DeBeer S, Meyer F. An Adaptable N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Macrocycle Hosting Copper in Three Oxidation States. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Stefan G. Resch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Iris Klawitter
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - George E. Cutsail
- Department of Inorganic Spectroscopy Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstrasse 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Fritz E. Kühn
- Department of Chemistry & Catalysis Research Center Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching bei München Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Department of Inorganic Spectroscopy Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstrasse 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
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20
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Liu Y, Resch SG, Klawitter I, Cutsail GE, Demeshko S, Dechert S, Kühn FE, DeBeer S, Meyer F. An Adaptable N-Heterocyclic Carbene Macrocycle Hosting Copper in Three Oxidation States. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:5696-5705. [PMID: 31769151 PMCID: PMC7154638 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A neutral hybrid macrocycle with two trans-positioned N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) and two pyridine donors hosts copper in three oxidation states (+I-+III) in a series of structurally characterized complexes (1-3). Redox interconversion of [LCu]+/2+/3+ is electrochemically (quasi)reversible and occurs at moderate potentials (E1/2 =-0.45 V and +0.82 V (vs. Fc/Fc+ )). A linear CNHC -Cu-CNHC arrangement and hemilability of the two pyridine donors allows the ligand to adapt to the different stereoelectronic and coordination requirements of CuI versus CuII /CuIII . Analytical methods such as NMR, UV/Vis, IR, electron paramagnetic resonance, and Cu Kβ high-energy-resolution fluorescence detection X-ray absorption spectroscopies, as well as DFT calculations, give insight into the geometric and electronic structures of the complexes. The XAS signatures of 1-3 are textbook examples for CuI , CuII , and CuIII species. Facile 2-electron interconversion combined with the exposure of two basic pyridine N sites in the reduced CuI form suggest that [LCu]+/2+/3+ may operate in catalysis via coupled 2 e- /2 H+ transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Stefan G. Resch
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Iris Klawitter
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - George E. Cutsail
- Department of Inorganic SpectroscopyMax Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstrasse 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Fritz E. Kühn
- Department of Chemistry & Catalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstrasse 485748Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Department of Inorganic SpectroscopyMax Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstrasse 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
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21
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Leforestier B, Gyton MR, Chaplin AB. Synthesis and group 9 complexes of macrocyclic PCP and POCOP pincer ligands. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:2087-2101. [PMID: 32031194 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04835a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of macrocyclic variants of commonly employed phosphine-based pincer (pro)ligands derived from meta-xylene (PCP-14) and resorcinol (POCOP-14) is described, where the P-donors are trans-substituted with a tetradecamethylene linker. The former was accomplished using a seven-step asymmetric procedure involving (-)-cis-1-amino-2-indanol as a chiral auxiliary and ring-closing olefin metathesis. A related, but non-diastereoselective route was employed for the latter, which consequently necessitated chromatographic separation from the cis-substituted by-product. The proligands are readily metalated and homologous series of MI(CO) and MIIICl2(CO) derivatives (M = Rh, Ir) have been isolated and fully characterised in solution and the solid state. Metal hydride complexes are generated during the synthesis of the former and have been characterised in situ using NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Leforestier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
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22
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Yamamoto K, Higuchi K, Ogawa M, Sogawa H, Kuwata S, Hayashi Y, Kawauchi S, Takata T. Macrocyclic Metal Complexes Bearing Rigid Polyaromatic Ligands: Synthesis and Catalytic Activity. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:356-359. [PMID: 31823483 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We synthesised palladium and platinum complexes possessing cyclic and acyclic pincer-type polyaromatic ligands and investigated their structural effect on the catalysis. The pincer-type bis(6-arylpyridin-2-yl)benzene skeleton was constructed via Kröhnke pyridine synthesis under transition metal-free conditions on gram-scale quantity. Ligand structure significantly influenced catalytic activity toward the platinum-catalysed hydrosilylation of diphenyl acetylenes, despite the ligand-independence of the conformations and electronic properties of these complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Yamamoto
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Present address: Division of Molecular Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Kazuki Higuchi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ogawa
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Sogawa
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Present address: Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kuwata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hayashi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Susumu Kawauchi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Takata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
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23
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Hood TM, Gyton MR, Chaplin AB. Synthesis and rhodium complexes of macrocyclic PNP and PONOP pincer ligands. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:2077-2086. [PMID: 31912067 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04474d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of macrocyclic variants of commonly employed phosphine-based pincer ligands derived from lutidine (PNP-14) and 2,6-dihydroxypyridine (PONOP-14) is described, where the P-donors are trans-substituted with a tetradecamethylene linker. This was accomplished using an eight-step procedure involving borane protection, ring-closing olefin metathesis, chromatographic separation from the cis-substituted diastereomers, and borane deprotection. The rhodium coordination chemistry of these ligands has been explored, aided by the facile synthesis of 2,2'-biphenyl (biph) adducts [Rh(PNP-14)(biph)][BArF4] and [Rh(PONOP-14)(biph)][BArF4] (ArF = 3,5-(CF3)2C6H3). Subsequent hydrogenolysis enabled generation of dihydrogen, ethylene and carbonyl derivatives; notably the ν(CO) bands of the carbonyl complexes provide a means to compare the donor properties of the new pincer ligands with established acyclic congeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Hood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
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24
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Evans KJ, Campbell CL, Haddow MF, Luz C, Morton PA, Mansell SM. Lithium Complexes with Bridging and Terminal NHC Ligands: The Decisive Influence of an Anionic Tether. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kieren J. Evans
- Institute of Chemical Sciences Heriot‐Watt University EH14 4AS Edinburgh UK
| | | | - Mairi F. Haddow
- Institute of Chemical Sciences Heriot‐Watt University EH14 4AS Edinburgh UK
| | - Christian Luz
- Institute of Chemical Sciences Heriot‐Watt University EH14 4AS Edinburgh UK
| | - Paul A. Morton
- Institute of Chemical Sciences Heriot‐Watt University EH14 4AS Edinburgh UK
| | - Stephen M. Mansell
- Institute of Chemical Sciences Heriot‐Watt University EH14 4AS Edinburgh UK
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25
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Hood TM, Leforestier B, Gyton MR, Chaplin AB. Synthesis and Structural Dynamics of Five-Coordinate Rh(III) and Ir(III) PNP and PONOP Pincer Complexes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:7593-7601. [PMID: 31117634 PMCID: PMC6549213 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of a homologous series of five-coordinate rhodium(III) and iridium(III) complexes of PNP (2,6-( tBu2PCH2)2C5H3N) and PONOP (2,6-( tBu2PO)2C5H3N) pincer ligands are described: [M(PNP)(biph)][BArF4] (M = Rh, 1a; Ir, 1b; biph = 2,2'-biphenyl; ArF = 3,5-(CF3)2C6H3) and [M(PONOP)(biph)][BArF4] (M = Rh, 2a; Ir, 2b). These complexes are structurally dynamic in solution, exhibiting pseudorotation of the biph ligand on the 1H NMR time scale (Δ G⧧ ca. 60 kJ mol-1) and, in the case of the flexible PNP complexes, undergoing interconversion between helical and puckered pincer ligand conformations (Δ G⧧ ca. 10 kJ mol-1). Remarkably, the latter is sufficiently facile that it persists in the solid state, leading to temperature-dependent disorder in the associated X-ray crystal structures. Reaction of 1 and 2 with CO occurs for the iridium congeners 1b and 2b, leading to the formation of sterically congested carbonyl derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Hood
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry CV4 7AL , U.K
| | - Baptiste Leforestier
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry CV4 7AL , U.K
| | - Matthew R Gyton
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry CV4 7AL , U.K
| | - Adrian B Chaplin
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry CV4 7AL , U.K
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26
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Li Z, Wiratpruk N, Barnard PJ. Stepwise Synthesis of Tetra-imidazolium Macrocycles and Their N-Heterocyclic Carbene Metal Complexes. Front Chem 2019; 7:270. [PMID: 31069216 PMCID: PMC6491846 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A modular stepwise synthetic method has been developed for the preperation of tetra-imidazolium macrocycles. Initially a series of three bis(imidazolylmethyl)benzene precursors were alkylated with 1,2-dibromoethane to produce the corresponding bis-bromoethylimidazolium bromide salts. In the second step the bis-bromoethylimidazolium bromide salts were reacted with selected bis(imidazolylmethyl)benzene molecules to produce a series of two symmetrical and three asymmetrical tetra-imidazolium macrocycles. These tetra-imidazolium salts act receptors for anions and 1H-NMR titration studies were used to determine the association constants between two of the macrocycles and the halide anions chloride, bromide and iodide. The tetra-imidazolium salts are precursors for N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands and the corresponding silver(I), gold(I), and palladium(II) NHC complexes have been prepared. Varied structures were obtained, which depend on the chosen macrocyclic ligand and metal ion and in the case of the coinage metals Ag(I) and Au(I), mono, di, and hexanuclear complexes were formed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter J. Barnard
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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27
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Danopoulos AA, Simler T, Braunstein P. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Copper, Nickel, and Cobalt. Chem Rev 2019; 119:3730-3961. [PMID: 30843688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of N-heterocyclic carbenes as ligands across the Periodic Table had an impact on various aspects of the coordination, organometallic, and catalytic chemistry of the 3d metals, including Cu, Ni, and Co, both from the fundamental viewpoint but also in applications, including catalysis, photophysics, bioorganometallic chemistry, materials, etc. In this review, the emergence, development, and state of the art in these three areas are described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas A Danopoulos
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimiopolis Zografou , Athens GR 15771 , Greece.,Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177 , Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination , Strasbourg 67081 Cedex , France
| | - Thomas Simler
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177 , Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination , Strasbourg 67081 Cedex , France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177 , Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination , Strasbourg 67081 Cedex , France
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28
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Gyton MR, Leforestier B, Chaplin AB. Rhodium(III) and Iridium(III) Complexes of a NHC-Based Macrocycle: Persistent Weak Agostic Interactions and Reactions with Dihydrogen. Organometallics 2018; 37:3963-3971. [PMID: 30449914 PMCID: PMC6234485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
synthesis and characterization of five-coordinate rhodium(III)
and iridium(III) 2,2′-biphenyl complexes [M(CNC-12)(biph)][BArF4] (M = Rh (1a), Ir (1b)), featuring the macrocyclic lutidine- and NHC-based pincer ligand
CNC-12 are reported. In the solid state these complexes are notable
for the adoption of weak ε-agostic interactions that are characterized
by M···H–C contacts of ca. 3.0 Å by X-ray crystallography and ν(CH)
bands of reduced wavenumber by ATR IR spectroscopy. Remarkably, these
interactions persist on dissolution and were observed at room temperature
using NMR spectroscopy (CD2Cl2) and solution-phase
IR spectroscopy (CCl4). The associated metrics point toward
a stronger M···H–C interaction in the iridium
congener, and this conclusion is borne out on interrogation of 1 in silico using DFT-based NBO and QTAIM analyses. Reaction
of 1 with dihydrogen resulted in hydrogenolysis of the
biaryl and formation of fluxional hydride complexes, whose ground
state formulations as [Rh(CNC-12)H2][BArF4] (2a″) and [Ir(CNC-12)H2(H2)][BArF4] (2b‴)
are proposed on the basis of inversion recovery and variable-temperature
NMR experiments, alongside a computational analysis. Reactions of 1 and 2 with carbon monoxide help support their
respective structural properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Gyton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Baptiste Leforestier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Adrian B Chaplin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
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29
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Lu T, Wang JY, Tu D, Chen ZN, Chen XT, Xue ZL. Luminescent Mechanochromic Dinuclear Cu(I) Complexes with Macrocyclic Diamine-Tetracarbene Ligands. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:13618-13630. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin-Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Deshuang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhong-Ning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Tai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zi-Ling Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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30
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Storey CM, Gyton MR, Andrew RE, Chaplin AB. Terminal Alkyne Coupling Reactions through a Ring: Mechanistic Insights and Regiochemical Switching. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12003-12006. [PMID: 30004163 PMCID: PMC6175324 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism and selectivity of terminal alkyne coupling reactions promoted by rhodium(I) complexes of NHC-based CNC pincer ligands have been investigated. Synthetic and kinetic experiments support E- and gem-enyne formation through a common reaction sequence involving hydrometallation and rate-determining C-C bond reductive elimination. The latter is significantly affected by the ligand topology: Employment of a macrocyclic variant enforced exclusive head-to-head coupling, contrasting the high selectivity for head-to-tail coupling observed for the corresponding acyclic pincer ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M. Storey
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickGibbet Hill RoadCoventryCV4 7ALUK
| | - Matthew R. Gyton
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickGibbet Hill RoadCoventryCV4 7ALUK
| | - Rhiann E. Andrew
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickGibbet Hill RoadCoventryCV4 7ALUK
| | - Adrian B. Chaplin
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickGibbet Hill RoadCoventryCV4 7ALUK
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31
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Nomiya K, Morozumi S, Yanagawa Y, Hasegawa M, Kurose K, Taguchi K, Sakamoto R, Mihara K, Kasuga NC. Syntheses, Structures, and Antimicrobial Activities of Gold(I)– and Copper(I)–N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Complexes Derived from Basket-Shaped Dinuclear Ag(I)–NHC Complex. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:11322-11332. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Nomiya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan
| | - Soichiro Morozumi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan
| | - Yuki Yanagawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan
| | - Misa Hasegawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan
| | - Kaori Kurose
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan
| | - Kenshiro Taguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan
| | - Kohei Mihara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan
| | - Noriko Chikaraishi Kasuga
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan
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32
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Storey CM, Gyton MR, Andrew RE, Chaplin AB. Terminal Alkyne Coupling Reactions through a Ring: Mechanistic Insights and Regiochemical Switching. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201807028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M. Storey
- Department of Chemistry; University of Warwick; Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Matthew R. Gyton
- Department of Chemistry; University of Warwick; Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Rhiann E. Andrew
- Department of Chemistry; University of Warwick; Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Adrian B. Chaplin
- Department of Chemistry; University of Warwick; Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
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Apps SL, Alflatt RE, Leforestier B, Storey CM, Chaplin AB. Divergent stereoisomers of molybdenum carbonyl complexes of NHC-based pincer ligands. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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34
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Nahra F, Gómez-Herrera A, Cazin CSJ. Copper(i)-NHC complexes as NHC transfer agents. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:628-631. [PMID: 27882367 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt03687b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This report presents the recent advances in the use of copper(i)-NHC (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) complexes as transmetallating agents enabling the transfer of NHCs to a wide range of transition metals. The synthesis of these carbene transfer reagents is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fady Nahra
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 - S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
| | | | - Catherine S J Cazin
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 - S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium. and EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
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Lu T, Yang CF, Steren CA, Fei F, Chen XT, Xue ZL. Synthesis and characterization of Ag(i) and Au(i) complexes with macrocyclic hybrid amine N-heterocyclic carbene ligands. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04020b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbene Ag(i) and Au(i) complexes with various structures synthesized from four macrocyclic hybrid amine–benzimidazolium salts have been structurally characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Chu-Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | | | - Fan Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Xue-Tai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Zi-Ling Xue
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Tennessee
- Knoxville
- USA
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Lu T, Wang JY, Shi LX, Chen ZN, Chen XT, Xue ZL. Synthesis, structures and luminescence properties of amine-bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) copper(i) and silver(i) complexes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:6742-6753. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00599k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Mononuclear Ag(i), Cu(i) and heterometallic Cu(i)/Ag(i) complexes with the tridentate amine-bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) were prepared, among which Cu(i)- and Cu/Ag complexes show luminescence properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Jin-Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Fuzhou 350002
- P. R. China
| | - Lin-Xi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Fuzhou 350002
- P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Ning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Fuzhou 350002
- P. R. China
| | - Xue-Tai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Zi-Ling Xue
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Tennessee
- Knoxville
- USA
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37
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Charra V, de Frémont P, Braunstein P. Multidentate N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of the 3d metals: Synthesis, structure, reactivity and catalysis. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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González-Sebastián L, Chaplin AB. Synthesis and complexes of imidazolinylidene-based CCC pincer ligands. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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