1
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Kharmanda G. Challenges and Future Perspectives for Additively Manufactured Polylactic Acid Using Fused Filament Fabrication in Dentistry. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:334. [PMID: 37504829 PMCID: PMC10381451 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14070334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM), which is also called rapid prototyping/3D printing/layered manufacturing, can be considered as a rapid conversion between digital and physical models. One of the most used materials in AM is polylactic acid (PLA), which has advantageous material properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and nontoxicity. For many medical applications, it is considered as a leading biomaterial. In dentistry, in addition to its uses in dental models (education, teaching, simulation needs), it can be used for therapeutic objectives and tissue engineering. The fused filament fabrication (FFF) technique, also called fused deposition modeling (FDM), is widely used as an AM technique to perform complex and functional geometries directly from CAD files. In this review, the objective was to present the different challenges and future perspectives of this additively manufactured material by using FFF in dentistry areas. Some suggestions for future directions to extend to more dental applications (support structures, lattice structures, etc.) and to consider more criteria (sustainability, uncertainty etc.) will be discussed. Advanced studies such as machine learning (ML) techniques will be suggested to reduce the failure cases when using the additively manufactured PLA by FFF in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghais Kharmanda
- Mechanics Laboratory of Normandy, INSA Rouen, 76800 St Etienne du Rouvray, France
- 3D printing 4U (UG), Nördlinger Str. 10, 51103 Cologne, Germany
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2
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Hrynevich A, Li Y, Cedillo-Servin G, Malda J, Castilho M. (Bio)fabrication of microfluidic devices and organs-on-a-chip. 3D Print Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-89831-7.00001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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3
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Badr-Eldin SM, Aldawsari HM, Kotta S, Deb PK, Venugopala KN. Three-Dimensional In Vitro Cell Culture Models for Efficient Drug Discovery: Progress So Far and Future Prospects. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:926. [PMID: 36015074 PMCID: PMC9412659 DOI: 10.3390/ph15080926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite tremendous advancements in technologies and resources, drug discovery still remains a tedious and expensive process. Though most cells are cultured using 2D monolayer cultures, due to lack of specificity, biochemical incompatibility, and cell-to-cell/matrix communications, they often lag behind in the race of modern drug discovery. There exists compelling evidence that 3D cell culture models are quite promising and advantageous in mimicking in vivo conditions. It is anticipated that these 3D cell culture methods will bridge the translation of data from 2D cell culture to animal models. Although 3D technologies have been adopted widely these days, they still have certain challenges associated with them, such as the maintenance of a micro-tissue environment similar to in vivo models and a lack of reproducibility. However, newer 3D cell culture models are able to bypass these issues to a maximum extent. This review summarizes the basic principles of 3D cell culture approaches and emphasizes different 3D techniques such as hydrogels, spheroids, microfluidic devices, organoids, and 3D bioprinting methods. Besides the progress made so far in 3D cell culture systems, the article emphasizes the various challenges associated with these models and their potential role in drug repositioning, including perspectives from the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa M. Badr-Eldin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.A.); (S.K.)
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hibah M. Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.A.); (S.K.)
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabna Kotta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.A.); (S.K.)
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pran Kishore Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, P.O. Box 1, Amman 19392, Jordan
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
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4
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An X, Cheng R, Liu P, Reinhard BM. Plasmonic photoreactors-coated plastic tubing as combined-active-and-passive antimicrobial flow sterilizer. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2001-2010. [PMID: 35235640 PMCID: PMC9167571 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02250d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Plastic materials are ubiquitous in medical devices and consumer goods. As bacterial contamination of plastic surfaces can pose significant health risks, there is a need for effective approaches both to inactivate bacteria on plastic surfaces and to prevent colonization of plastic surfaces. In this study, we evaluate a plasmonic photoreactor coating for plastic surfaces that provides both active and passive antimicrobial effects and implement a visible light-driven antibacterial flow sterilizer. We demonstrate that this approach inactivates bacteria in an aqueous suspension passed through a photoreactor-coated polyethylene tubing, achieving log reduction values (LRVs) > 5 for both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria under resonant LED illumination. Importantly, the antimicrobial flow sterilizers do not cause a detectable loss of functionality for monoclonal antibodies that were included in this work as an example of high-value biologics that require sterilization. Under ambient light illumination, the plasmonic photoreactor coating exhibits a significant inhibitory effect on bacterial colonization and biofilm formation. The inhibitory effect was substantially weaker for mammalian cells, indicating some selectivity in the protection provided by the coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingda An
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- The Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Ronghai Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Pinghua Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Björn M Reinhard
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- The Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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5
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Rahman S, Ghiboub M, Donkers JM, van de Steeg E, van Tol EAF, Hakvoort TBM, de Jonge WJ. The Progress of Intestinal Epithelial Models from Cell Lines to Gut-On-Chip. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413472. [PMID: 34948271 PMCID: PMC8709104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past years, several preclinical in vitro and ex vivo models have been developed that helped to understand some of the critical aspects of intestinal functions in health and disease such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the translation to the human in vivo situation remains problematic. The main reason for this is that these approaches fail to fully reflect the multifactorial and complex in vivo environment (e.g., including microbiota, nutrition, and immune response) in the gut system. Although conventional models such as cell lines, Ussing chamber, and the everted sac are still used, increasingly more sophisticated intestinal models have been developed over the past years including organoids, InTESTine™ and microfluidic gut-on-chip. In this review, we gathered the most recent insights on the setup, advantages, limitations, and future perspectives of most frequently used in vitro and ex vivo models to study intestinal physiology and functions in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafaque Rahman
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (M.G.); (T.B.M.H.)
| | - Mohammed Ghiboub
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (M.G.); (T.B.M.H.)
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Emma Children’s Hospital, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joanne M. Donkers
- The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), 3704 HE Zeist, The Netherlands; (J.M.D.); (E.v.d.S.); (E.A.F.v.T.)
| | - Evita van de Steeg
- The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), 3704 HE Zeist, The Netherlands; (J.M.D.); (E.v.d.S.); (E.A.F.v.T.)
| | - Eric A. F. van Tol
- The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), 3704 HE Zeist, The Netherlands; (J.M.D.); (E.v.d.S.); (E.A.F.v.T.)
| | - Theodorus B. M. Hakvoort
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (M.G.); (T.B.M.H.)
| | - Wouter J. de Jonge
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (M.G.); (T.B.M.H.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Zheng F, Xiao Y, Liu H, Fan Y, Dao M. Patient-Specific Organoid and Organ-on-a-Chip: 3D Cell-Culture Meets 3D Printing and Numerical Simulation. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 5:e2000024. [PMID: 33856745 PMCID: PMC8243895 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The last few decades have witnessed diversified in vitro models to recapitulate the architecture and function of living organs or tissues and contribute immensely to advances in life science. Two novel 3D cell culture models: 1) Organoid, promoted mainly by the developments of stem cell biology and 2) Organ-on-a-chip, enhanced primarily due to microfluidic technology, have emerged as two promising approaches to advance the understanding of basic biological principles and clinical treatments. This review describes the comparable distinct differences between these two models and provides more insights into their complementarity and integration to recognize their merits and limitations for applicable fields. The convergence of the two approaches to produce multi-organoid-on-a-chip or human organoid-on-a-chip is emerging as a new approach for building 3D models with higher physiological relevance. Furthermore, rapid advancements in 3D printing and numerical simulations, which facilitate the design, manufacture, and results-translation of 3D cell culture models, can also serve as novel tools to promote the development and propagation of organoid and organ-on-a-chip systems. Current technological challenges and limitations, as well as expert recommendations and future solutions to address the promising combinations by incorporating organoids, organ-on-a-chip, 3D printing, and numerical simulation, are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yuminghao Xiao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ming Dao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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7
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Kim J, Kong JS, Han W, Kim BS, Cho DW. 3D Cell Printing of Tissue/Organ-Mimicking Constructs for Therapeutic and Drug Testing Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7757. [PMID: 33092184 PMCID: PMC7589604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of artificial tissue/organs with the functional maturity of their native equivalents is one of the long-awaited panaceas for the medical and pharmaceutical industries. Advanced 3D cell-printing technology and various functional bioinks are promising technologies in the field of tissue engineering that have enabled the fabrication of complex 3D living tissue/organs. Various requirements for these tissues, including a complex and large-volume structure, tissue-specific microenvironments, and functional vasculatures, have been addressed to develop engineered tissue/organs with native relevance. Functional tissue/organ constructs have been developed that satisfy such criteria and may facilitate both in vivo replenishment of damaged tissue and the development of reliable in vitro testing platforms for drug development. This review describes key developments in technologies and materials for engineering 3D cell-printed constructs for therapeutic and drug testing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongmin Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea;
| | - Jeong Sik Kong
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea;
| | - Wonil Han
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea;
| | - Byoung Soo Kim
- Future IT Innovation Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea;
| | - Dong-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea;
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea;
- Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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8
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Ashammakhi N, Nasiri R, Barros NRD, Tebon P, Thakor J, Goudie M, Shamloo A, Martin MG, Khademhosseini A. Gut-on-a-chip: Current progress and future opportunities. Biomaterials 2020; 255:120196. [PMID: 32623181 PMCID: PMC7396314 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Organ-on-a-chip technology tries to mimic the complexity of native tissues in vitro. Important progress has recently been made in using this technology to study the gut with and without microbiota. These in vitro models can serve as an alternative to animal models for studying physiology, pathology, and pharmacology. While these models have greater physiological relevance than two-dimensional (2D) cell systems in vitro, endocrine and immunological functions in gut-on-a-chip models are still poorly represented. Furthermore, the construction of complex models, in which different cell types and structures interact, remains a challenge. Generally, gut-on-a-chip models have the potential to advance our understanding of the basic interactions found within the gut and lay the foundation for future applications in understanding pathophysiology, developing drugs, and personalizing medical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Rohollah Nasiri
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11365-11155, Iran
| | - Natan Roberto de Barros
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Peyton Tebon
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jai Thakor
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marcus Goudie
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amir Shamloo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11365-11155, Iran
| | - Martin G Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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9
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Lee M, Rizzo R, Surman F, Zenobi-Wong M. Guiding Lights: Tissue Bioprinting Using Photoactivated Materials. Chem Rev 2020; 120:10950-11027. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mihyun Lee
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication HPL J22, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Riccardo Rizzo
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication HPL J22, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - František Surman
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication HPL J22, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication HPL J22, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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10
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Liu J, Miller K, Ma X, Dewan S, Lawrence N, Whang G, Chung P, McCulloch AD, Chen S. Direct 3D bioprinting of cardiac micro-tissues mimicking native myocardium. Biomaterials 2020; 256:120204. [PMID: 32622020 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The heart possesses a complex three-dimensional (3D) laminar myofiber organization; however, because engineering physiologically relevant 3D tissues remains a technical challenge, the effects of cardiomyocyte alignment on excitation-contraction coupling, shortening and force development have not been systematically studied. Cellular shape and orientations in 3D can be controlled by engineering scaffold microstructures and encapsulating cells near these geometric cues. Here, we show that a novel method of cell encapsulation in 3D methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) scaffolds patterned via Microscale Continuous Optical Printing (μCOP) can rapidly micropattern neonatal mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes (NMVCMs) in photocrosslinkable hydrogels. Encapsulated cardiomyocytes preferentially align with the engineered microarchitecture and can display morphology and myofibril alignment phenotypic of myocardium in vivo. Utilizing the μCOP system, an asymmetric, multi-material, cantilever-based scaffold was directly printed, so that the force produced by the microtissue was transmitted onto a single deformable pillar. Aligned 3D encapsulated NMVCM scaffolds produced nearly 2 times the force compared to aligned 2D seeded samples. To further highlight the flexibility of μCOP, NMVCMs were encapsulated in several patterns to compare the effects of varying degrees of alignment on tissue displacement and synchronicity. Well aligned myofiber cultured patterns generated 4-10 times the contractile force of less anisotropically patterned constructs. Finally, normalized fluo-4 fluorescence of NMVCM-encapsulated structures showed characteristic calcium transient waveforms that increased in magnitude and rate of decline during treatment with 100 nM isoproterenol. This novel instrumented 3D cardiac microtissue serves as a physiologically relevant in vitro model system with great potential for use in cardiac disease modeling and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Liu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Kathleen Miller
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Xuanyi Ma
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Sukriti Dewan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Natalie Lawrence
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Grace Whang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Peter Chung
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Andrew D McCulloch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, USA; Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, USA.
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11
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Tetsuka H, Shin SR. Materials and technical innovations in 3D printing in biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:2930-2950. [PMID: 32239017 PMCID: PMC8092991 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00034e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
3D printing is a rapidly growing research area, which significantly contributes to major innovations in various fields of engineering, science, and medicine. Although the scientific advancement of 3D printing technologies has enabled the development of complex geometries, there is still an increasing demand for innovative 3D printing techniques and materials to address the challenges in building speed and accuracy, surface finish, stability, and functionality. In this review, we introduce and review the recent developments in novel materials and 3D printing techniques to address the needs of the conventional 3D printing methodologies, especially in biomedical applications, such as printing speed, cell growth feasibility, and complex shape achievement. A comparative study of these materials and technologies with respect to the 3D printing parameters will be provided for selecting a suitable application-based 3D printing methodology. Discussion of the prospects of 3D printing materials and technologies will be finally covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tetsuka
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Lansdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
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12
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Wangpraseurt D, You S, Azam F, Jacucci G, Gaidarenko O, Hildebrand M, Kühl M, Smith AG, Davey MP, Smith A, Deheyn DD, Chen S, Vignolini S. Bionic 3D printed corals. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1748. [PMID: 32273516 PMCID: PMC7145811 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15486-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Corals have evolved as optimized photon augmentation systems, leading to space-efficient microalgal growth and outstanding photosynthetic quantum efficiencies. Light attenuation due to algal self-shading is a key limiting factor for the upscaling of microalgal cultivation. Coral-inspired light management systems could overcome this limitation and facilitate scalable bioenergy and bioproduct generation. Here, we develop 3D printed bionic corals capable of growing microalgae with high spatial cell densities of up to 109 cells mL−1. The hybrid photosynthetic biomaterials are produced with a 3D bioprinting platform which mimics morphological features of living coral tissue and the underlying skeleton with micron resolution, including their optical and mechanical properties. The programmable synthetic microenvironment thus allows for replicating both structural and functional traits of the coral-algal symbiosis. Our work defines a class of bionic materials that is capable of interacting with living organisms and can be exploited for applied coral reef research and photobioreactor design. Corals have evolved as finely tuned light collectors. Here, the authors report on the 3D printing of coral-inspired biomaterials, that mimic the coral-algal symbiosis; these bionic corals lead to dense microalgal growth and can find applications in algal biotechnology and applied coral science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wangpraseurt
- Bioinspired Photonics Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. .,Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA. .,Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Shangting You
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Farooq Azam
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Gianni Jacucci
- Bioinspired Photonics Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Olga Gaidarenko
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Mark Hildebrand
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Michael Kühl
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Alison G Smith
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew P Davey
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alyssa Smith
- Bioinspired Photonics Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dimitri D Deheyn
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Silvia Vignolini
- Bioinspired Photonics Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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13
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Sun D, Liu W, Tang A, Guo F, Xie W. A new PEGDA/CNF aerogel-wet hydrogel scaffold fabricated by a two-step method. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:8092-8101. [PMID: 31583392 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm00899c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The scaffold is one of the most important components in tissue engineering. There are a lot of natural or synthetic materials applied for the fabrication of scaffolds. Among them, cellulose nanofibril (CNF) is an important natural polymer with characteristics of superior biocompatibility, notable nanostructure effect and excellent hydrophilia, which make it qualified for serving as a raw material of scaffolds. In this paper, polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) was mixed with CNF at different content ratios, which were 0%, 0.35%, 0.7%, 1.05% and 1.4% (m/v). Furthermore, the visible light photoinitiator (eosin Y + TEA + NVP) was first added to this mixture solution to form a new kind of bio-resin. A two-step method including stereolithography and freeze-drying is put forward to fabricate a new aerogel-wet hydrogel scaffold. Scaffolds were fabricated by using a self-built stereolithography platform and the mechanical properties, printability and biocompatibility of the hydrogel scaffolds were investigated thoroughly. The original hydrogel scaffold was fabricated through stereolithography, where CNFs were applied to regulate the mechanical properties of the hydrogel and the printability of the bio-resin. After the freeze-drying process, the original hydrogel was transformed into the aerogel-wet hydrogel whose compressive modulus is reduced by 20%. Furthermore, the surface structure of the hydrogel scaffold is modified to provide a better environment for adhesion and growth of BMSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Sun
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, CN 510640, China.
| | - Wangyu Liu
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, CN 510640, China.
| | - Aimin Tang
- State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, CN 510640, China
| | - Fengjing Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, CN 430030, China
| | - Weigui Xie
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, CN 510640, China.
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14
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Wu D, Zhao Z, Zhang Q, Qi HJ, Fang D. Mechanics of shape distortion of DLP 3D printed structures during UV post-curing. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:6151-6159. [PMID: 31317163 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm00725c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Digital light processing (DLP) three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has advantages of fast printing speed and high printing precision. It can print objects with small and complex geometrical features and has been widely used in jewelry manufacturing and dentistry. In DLP printing, it is common to use post-treatment with UV light irradiation to improve the final mechanical properties. However, it was found that the UV post-curing process can lead to shape distortion and thus reduction of dimension accuracy. In this paper, we combined photopolymerization reaction kinetics and Euler-Bernoulli beam theory to study UV post-curing induced shape distortion of thin structures prepared by DLP 3D printing. Experiments were conducted to characterize the evolution of mechanical behavior of printed samples during the post-printing process, which was correlated to printing parameters (printing time of single-layer, height of single-layer and printing UV intensity), post-curing UV light intensity and the thickness of the strip. Moreover, post-curing induced distortion was used for the fabrication of 3D structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems & Center for Applied Physics and Technology, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Zeang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems & Center for Applied Physics and Technology, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China. and The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems & Center for Applied Physics and Technology, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China. and The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
| | - H Jerry Qi
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
| | - Daining Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems & Center for Applied Physics and Technology, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China. and Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China.
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15
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Liu Y, Li G, Lu H, Yang Y, Liu Z, Shang W, Shen Y. Magnetically Actuated Heterogeneous Microcapsule-Robot for the Construction of 3D Bioartificial Architectures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:25664-25673. [PMID: 31268290 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b05517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Core-shell microcapsules as one type of the most attractive carriers and reactors have been widely applied in the fields of drug screening and tissue engineering owing to their excellent biocompatibility and semi-permeability. Yet, the spatial organization of microcapsules with specific shapes into three-dimensional (3D) ordered architectures still remains a big challenge. Here, we present a method to assemble shape-controllable core-shell microcapsules using an untethered magnetic microcapsule-robot. The microcapsule-robot with the shape-matching design can grab the building components tightly during the transportation and assembly processes. The core-shell feature of the microcapsule effectively prevents the magnetic nanoparticles from interacting with bioactive materials. The assembly results of cell-loaded heterogeneous microcapsules reveal that this strategy not only allows the magnetic microcapsule-robot to work in different workspaces in vitro for the creation of 3D constructions but also offers a noninvasive and dynamical manipulation platform by remotely controlling the position and orientation of the soft and liquid-like microcapsule components individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong 999077 , China
| | - Gen Li
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , China
- Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Haojian Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong 999077 , China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong 999077 , China
| | - Zeyang Liu
- Stem Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Lab , Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Wanfeng Shang
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Yajing Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong 999077 , China
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16
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Li X, Moosavi-Basri SM, Sheth R, Wang X, Zhang YS. Bioengineered in vitro Vascular Models for Applications in Interventional Radiology. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:5367-5374. [PMID: 30734672 DOI: 10.2174/1381612824666180416114325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The role of endovascular interventions has progressed rapidly over the past several decades. While animal models have long-served as the mainstay for the advancement of this field, the use of in vitro models has become increasingly widely adopted with recent advances in engineering technologies. Here, we review the strategies, mainly including bioprinting and microfabrication, which allow for fabrication of biomimetic vascular models that will potentially serve to supplement the conventional animal models for convenient investigations of endovascular interventions. Besides normal blood vessels, those in diseased states, such as thrombosis, may also be modeled by integrating cues that simulate the microenvironment of vascular disorders. These novel engineering strategies for the development of biomimetic in vitro vascular structures will possibly enable unconventional means of studying complex endovascular intervention problems that are otherwise hard to address using existing models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Li
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, United States.,State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Seyed M Moosavi-Basri
- Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahul Sheth
- Department of Interventional Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, United States.,State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu S Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, United States
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17
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Rapid 3D bioprinting of in vitro cardiac tissue models using human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 13. [PMID: 31572807 DOI: 10.1016/j.bprint.2019.e00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
There is a great need for physiologically relevant 3D human cardiac scaffolds for both short-term, the development of drug testing platforms to screen new drugs across different genetic backgrounds, and longer term, the replacement of damaged or non-functional cardiac tissue after injury or infarction. In this study, we have designed and printed a variety of scaffolds for in vitro diagnostics using light based Micro-Continuous Optical Printing (μCOP). Human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hESC-CMs) were directly printed into gelatin hydrogel on glass to determine their viability and ability to align. The incorporation of Green Fluorescent Protein/Calmodulin/M13 Peptide (GCaMP3)-hESC-CMs allowed the ability to continuously monitor calcium transients over time. Normalized fluorescence of GCaMP3-hESCCMs increased by 18 ± 6% and 40 ± 5% when treated with 500 nM and 1 μM of isoproterenol, respectively. Finally, GCaMP3-hESC-CMs were printed across a customizable 3D printed cantilever-based force system. Along with force tracking by visualizing the displacement of the cantilever, calcium transients could be observed in a non-destructive manner, allowing the samples to be examined over several days. Our μCOP-printed cardiac models presented here can be used as a powerful tool for drug screening and to analyze cardiac tissue maturation.
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18
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19
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Sasmal P, Datta P, Wu Y, Ozbolat IT. 3D bioprinting for modelling vasculature. MICROPHYSIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS 2018; 2:9. [PMID: 30931432 PMCID: PMC6436836 DOI: 10.21037/mps.2018.10.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Though in vivo models provide the most physiologically-relevant environment for studying tissue development and function, an in vitro substitute is being offered by the advancement of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology, which is a reproducible and scalable fabrication strategy providing precise 3D control compared to conventional microfluidic tissue fabrication methods. In this review, vasculature models printed using extrusion-, droplet-, and laser-based bioprinting techniques are summarized and compared. Besides bioprinting of hydrogels as bioinks, an alternative method to obtain vascular models by bioprinting is to use exogenous biomaterial-free cell aggregates such as tissue spheroids and cell pellet, which has also been discussed here. In addition, there have been efforts to fabricate micro-vasculature constructs (e.g., capillaries) to overcome the practical limitations of bioprinting of large scale vascular networks. At the end of the review, limitations and prospective of bioprinting in vasculature modelling has also been expounded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranabesh Sasmal
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology Shibpur, Howrah, India
| | - Pallab Datta
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology Shibpur, Howrah, India
| | - Yang Wu
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Ibrahim T. Ozbolat
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
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20
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Ashammakhi N, Wesseling-Perry K, Hasan A, Elkhammas E, Zhang YS. Kidney-on-a-chip: untapped opportunities. Kidney Int 2018; 94:1073-1086. [PMID: 30366681 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The organs-on-a-chip technology has shown strong promise in mimicking the complexity of native tissues in vitro and ex vivo, and recently significant advances have been made in applying this technology to studies of the kidney and its diseases. Individual components of the nephron, including the glomerulus, proximal tubule, and distal tubule/medullary collecting duct, have been successfully mimicked using organs-on-a-chip technology and yielding strong promises in advancing the field of ex vivo drug toxicity testing and augmenting renal replacement therapies. Although these models show promise over 2-dimensional cell systems in recapitulating important nephron features in vitro, nephron functions, such as tubular secretion, intracellular metabolism, and renin and vitamin D production, as well as prostaglandin synthesis are still poorly recapitulated in on-chip models. Moreover, construction of multiple-renal-components-on-a-chip models, in which various structures and cells of the renal system interact with each other, has remained a challenge. Overall, on-chip models show promise in advancing models of normal and pathological renal physiology, in predicting nephrotoxicity, and in advancing treatment of chronic kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Biotechnology Research Center, Libyan Authority for Research, Science and Technology, Tripoli, Libya.
| | - Katherine Wesseling-Perry
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Elmahdi Elkhammas
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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21
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Negishi R, Takai K, Tanaka T, Matsunaga T, Yoshino T. High-Throughput Manipulation of Circulating Tumor Cells Using a Multiple Single-Cell Encapsulation System with a Digital Micromirror Device. Anal Chem 2018; 90:9734-9741. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Negishi
- Division of Biotechnology and Life science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Kaori Takai
- Division of Biotechnology and Life science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Tanaka
- Division of Biotechnology and Life science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Tadashi Matsunaga
- Division of Biotechnology and Life science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yoshino
- Division of Biotechnology and Life science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
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22
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Ma X, Liu J, Zhu W, Tang M, Lawrence N, Yu C, Gou M, Chen S. 3D bioprinting of functional tissue models for personalized drug screening and in vitro disease modeling. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 132:235-251. [PMID: 29935988 PMCID: PMC6226327 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
3D bioprinting is emerging as a promising technology for fabricating complex tissue constructs with tailored biological components and mechanical properties. Recent advances have enabled scientists to precisely position materials and cells to build functional tissue models for in vitro drug screening and disease modeling. This review presents state-of-the-art 3D bioprinting techniques and discusses the choice of cell source and biomaterials for building functional tissue models that can be used for personalized drug screening and disease modeling. In particular, we focus on 3D-bioprinted liver models, cardiac tissues, vascularized constructs, and cancer models for their promising applications in medical research, drug discovery, toxicology, and other pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyi Ma
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Justin Liu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Min Tang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Natalie Lawrence
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Claire Yu
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Maling Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, PR China.
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23
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Xue D, Wang Y, Zhang J, Mei D, Wang Y, Chen S. Projection-Based 3D Printing of Cell Patterning Scaffolds with Multiscale Channels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:19428-19435. [PMID: 29782142 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b03867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To fully actualize artificial, cell-laden biological models in tissue engineering, such as 3D organoids and organs-on-a-chip systems, cells need to be patterned such that they can precisely mimic natural microenvironments in vitro. Despite increasing interest in this area, patterning cells at multiscale (∼10 μm to 10 mm) remains a significant challenge in bioengineering. Here, we report a projection-based 3D printing system that achieves rapid and high-resolution fabrication of hydrogel scaffolds featuring intricate channels for multiscale cell patterning. Using this system, we were able to use biocompatible poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate in fabricating a variety of scaffold architectures, ranging from regular geometries such as serpentine, spiral, and fractal-like to more irregular/intricate geometries, such as biomimetic arborescent and capillary networks. A red food dye solution was able to freely fill all channels in the scaffolds, from the trunk (>1100 μm in width) to the small branch (∼17 μm in width) without an external pump. The dimensions of the printed scaffolds remained stable over 3 days while being immersed in Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline at 37 °C, and a penetration analysis revealed that these scaffolds are suitable for metabolic and nutrient transport. Cell patterning experiments showed that red fluorescent protein-transfected A549 human nonsmall lung cancer cells adhered well in the scaffolds' channels, and showed further attachment and penetration during cell culture proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Xue
- Department of NanoEngineering , University of California , San Diego , California 92093 , United States
| | | | - Jiaxin Zhang
- Department of Toxicology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , China
| | | | | | - Shaochen Chen
- Department of NanoEngineering , University of California , San Diego , California 92093 , United States
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24
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Hwang HH, Zhu W, Victorine G, Lawrence N, Chen S. 3D-Printing of Functional Biomedical Microdevices via Light- and Extrusion-Based Approaches. SMALL METHODS 2018; 2:1700277. [PMID: 30090851 PMCID: PMC6078427 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.201700277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
3D-printing is a powerful additive manufacturing tool, one that enables fabrication of biomedical devices and systems that would otherwise be challenging to create with more traditional methods such as machining or molding. Many different classes of 3D-printing technologies exist, most notably extrusion-based and light-based 3D-printers, which are popular in consumer markets, with advantages and limitations for each modality. The focus here is primarily on showcasing the ability of these 3D-printing platforms to create different types of functional biomedical microdevices-their advantages and limitations are covered with respect to other classes of 3D-printing, as well as the past, recent, and future efforts to advance the functional microdevice domain. In particular, the fabrication of micromachines/robotics, drug-delivery devices, biosensors, and microfluidics is addressed. The current challenges associated with 3D-printing of functional microdevices are also addressed, as well as future directions to improve both the printing techniques and the performance of the printed products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry H Hwang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Grace Victorine
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Natalie Lawrence
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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25
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Pekkanen AM, Mondschein RJ, Williams CB, Long TE. 3D Printing Polymers with Supramolecular Functionality for Biological Applications. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:2669-2687. [PMID: 28762718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular chemistry continues to experience widespread growth, as fine-tuned chemical structures lead to well-defined bulk materials. Previous literature described the roles of hydrogen bonding, ionic aggregation, guest/host interactions, and π-π stacking to tune mechanical, viscoelastic, and processing performance. The versatility of reversible interactions enables the more facile manufacturing of molded parts with tailored hierarchical structures such as tissue engineered scaffolds for biological applications. Recently, supramolecular polymers and additive manufacturing processes merged to provide parts with control of the molecular, macromolecular, and feature length scales. Additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, generates customizable constructs desirable for many applications, and the introduction of supramolecular interactions will potentially increase production speed, offer a tunable surface structure for controlling cell/scaffold interactions, and impart desired mechanical properties through reinforcing interlayer adhesion and introducing gradients or self-assembled structures. This review details the synthesis and characterization of supramolecular polymers suitable for additive manufacture and biomedical applications as well as the use of supramolecular polymers in additive manufacturing for drug delivery and complex tissue scaffold formation. The effect of supramolecular assembly and its dynamic behavior offers potential for controlling the anisotropy of the printed objects with exquisite geometrical control. The potential for supramolecular polymers to generate well-defined parts, hierarchical structures, and scaffolds with gradient properties/tuned surfaces provides an avenue for developing next-generation biomedical devices and tissue scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Pekkanen
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.,Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Ryan J Mondschein
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Christopher B Williams
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Timothy E Long
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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26
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Bhargav A, Sanjairaj V, Rosa V, Feng LW, Fuh YH J. Applications of additive manufacturing in dentistry: A review. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:2058-2064. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Bhargav
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117608 Singapore
| | | | - Vinicius Rosa
- Faculty of Dentistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore 119083 Singapore
| | - Lu Wen Feng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117608 Singapore
| | - Jerry Fuh YH
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117608 Singapore
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27
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Choi YJ, Yi HG, Kim SW, Cho DW. 3D Cell Printed Tissue Analogues: A New Platform for Theranostics. Theranostics 2017; 7:3118-3137. [PMID: 28839468 PMCID: PMC5566110 DOI: 10.7150/thno.19396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell theranostics has received much attention for noninvasively monitoring and tracing transplanted therapeutic stem cells through imaging agents and imaging modalities. Despite the excellent regenerative capability of stem cells, their efficacy has been limited due to low cellular retention, low survival rate, and low engraftment after implantation. Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing provides stem cells with the similar architecture and microenvironment of the native tissue and facilitates the generation of a 3D tissue-like construct that exhibits remarkable regenerative capacity and functionality as well as enhanced cell viability. Thus, 3D cell printing can overcome the current concerns of stem cell therapy by delivering the 3D construct to the damaged site. Despite the advantages of 3D cell printing, the in vivo and in vitro tracking and monitoring of the performance of 3D cell printed tissue in a noninvasive and real-time manner have not been thoroughly studied. In this review, we explore the recent progress in 3D cell technology and its applications. Finally, we investigate their potential limitations and suggest future perspectives on 3D cell printing and stem cell theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Jin Choi
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-781, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Gyeong Yi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-781, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Won Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-781, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-781, Republic of Korea
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Kim BS, Lee JS, Gao G, Cho DW. Direct 3D cell-printing of human skin with functional transwell system. Biofabrication 2017; 9:025034. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aa71c8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Abstract
Hydrogels are formed from hydrophilic polymer chains surrounded by a water-rich environment. They have widespread applications in various fields such as biomedicine, soft electronics, sensors, and actuators. Conventional hydrogels usually possess limited mechanical strength and are prone to permanent breakage. Further, the lack of dynamic cues and structural complexity within the hydrogels has limited their functions. Recent developments include engineering hydrogels that possess improved physicochemical properties, ranging from designs of innovative chemistries and compositions to integration of dynamic modulation and sophisticated architectures. We review major advances in designing and engineering hydrogels and strategies targeting precise manipulation of their properties across multiple scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shrike Zhang
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia
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30
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Li Z, Yang J, Li K, Zhu L, Tang W. Fabrication of PDMS microfluidic devices with 3D wax jetting. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24884e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Network flowing on the 3D PDMS microfluidic chips fabricated with replication of a 3D printed wax mold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong'an Li
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- China
- Nanjing Normal University
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing
| | - Jiquan Yang
- Nanjing Normal University
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Kelou Li
- Nanjing Normal University
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Li Zhu
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Gross
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East
Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Sarah Y. Lockwood
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East
Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Dana M. Spence
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East
Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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32
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Warner J, Soman P, Zhu W, Tom M, Chen S. Design and 3D Printing of Hydrogel Scaffolds with Fractal Geometries. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:1763-1770. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John Warner
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Pranav Soman
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Matthew Tom
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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