1
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Gallardo-Rosas D, Guevara-Vela JM, Rocha-Rinza T, Toscano RA, López-Cortés JG, Ortega-Alfaro MC. Structure and isomerization behavior relationships of new push-pull azo-pyrrole photoswitches. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4123-4134. [PMID: 38700442 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00417e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
A family of stilbenyl-azopyrroles compounds 2a-d and 3a-d was efficiently obtained via a Mizoroki-Heck C-C-type coupling reaction between 2-(4'-iodophenyl-azo)-N-methyl pyrrole (1a) and different vinyl precursors. The influence of the π-conjugated backbone and the effect of the pyrrole moiety were correlated with their optical properties. Studies via UV-Visible spectrophotometry revealed that the inclusion of EWG or EDG favors a red-shift of the main absorption band in these azo compounds compared with their non-substituted analogues. Furthermore, there is a clear influence between the half-life of the Z isomer formed by irradiation with white light and the push-pull behavior of the molecules. In several cases, the stilbenyl-azopyrroles led to the formation of J-type aggregates in binary MeOH : H2O solvents, which are of interest for water compatible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gallardo-Rosas
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - J M Guevara-Vela
- Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - T Rocha-Rinza
- Instituto de Química UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, Cuidad de México, Mexico
| | - R A Toscano
- Instituto de Química UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, Cuidad de México, Mexico
| | - J G López-Cortés
- Instituto de Química UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, Cuidad de México, Mexico
| | - M C Ortega-Alfaro
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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2
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Strugach D, Hadar D, Amiram M. Robust Photocontrol of Elastin-like Polypeptide Phase Transition with a Genetically Encoded Arylazopyrazole. ACS Synth Biol 2023; 12:2802-2811. [PMID: 37714526 PMCID: PMC10594652 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
The rational design of light-responsive proteins and protein-based polymers requires both a photoswitch with suitable light-responsive properties and the ability to incorporate it at (multiple) defined positions in the protein chain. This Letter describes the evolution of high-performance aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases for recognizing a photoswitchable arylazopyrazole-bearing unnatural amino acid (AAP-uAA), which we then incorporated at multiple sites within elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs). The incorporation of AAP-uAA into ELPs yielded proteins capable of an isothermal, reversible, and robust light-mediated soluble-to-insoluble phase transition, which occurred faster (after only 1 min of light irradiation) and demonstrated a larger transition temperature difference (up to a 45 °C difference in the ELP transition temperature upon a cis to trans AAP isomerization) than similar azobenzene-containing ELPs. The evolved translation machinery can be used for the multisite incorporation of AAP at the polypeptide level; moreover, it constitutes a general methodology for designing light-responsive proteins and protein-based polymers with robust light-responsive behavior, made possible by the superior photoswitchable properties of AAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela
S. Strugach
- The Avram and Stella Goldstein Goren
Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Dagan Hadar
- The Avram and Stella Goldstein Goren
Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Miriam Amiram
- The Avram and Stella Goldstein Goren
Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
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3
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Dhiman A, Paras, Ramachandran C. Opto-electronic properties of isomers of azobispyridine. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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4
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Zhao J, Wang X, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Gan L. Theoretical study of the cis-trans isomerization mechanism of azobenzene containing carboxy groups. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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5
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Adrion DM, Lopez SA. Cross-conjugation controls the stabilities and photophysical properties of heteroazoarene photoswitches. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:5989-5998. [PMID: 35014651 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02026a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Azoarene photoswitches are versatile molecules that interconvert from their E-isomer to their Z-isomer with light. Azobenzene is a prototypical photoswitch but its derivatives can be poorly suited for in vivo applications such as photopharmacology due to undesired photochemical reactions promoted by ultraviolet light and the relatively short half-life (t1/2) of the Z-isomer (2 days). Experimental and computational studies suggest that these properties (λmax of the E isomer and t1/2 of the Z-isomer) are inversely related. We identified isomeric azobisthiophenes and azobisfurans from a high-throughput screening study of 1540 azoarenes as photoswitch candidates with improved λmax and t1/2 values relative to azobenzene. We used density functional theory to predict the activation free energies and vertical excitation energies of the E- and Z-isomers of 2,2- and 3,3-substituted azobisthiophenes and azobisfurans. The half-lives depend on whether the heterocycles are π-conjugated or cross-conjugated with the diazo π-bond. The 2,2-substituted azoarenes both have t1/2 values on the scale of 1 hour, while the 3,3-analogues have computed half-lives of 40 and 230 years (thiophene and furan, respectively). The 2,2-substituted heteroazoarenes have significantly higher λmax absorptions than their 3,3-substituted analogues: 76 nm for azofuran and 77 nm for azothiophene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Adrion
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.
| | - Steven A Lopez
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.
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6
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Hu H, Jiang B, Zhang B, Wang R, Zhang C, Sun C, Hu B. Novel pyrazolyazoindole derivatives as photoswitches: design, synthesis, and photoswitching behavior research combined with theoretical methods. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03526j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel pyrazolyazoindole photoswitches with high to near-complete photoconversion, adjustable thermal half-lives, photochromic properties, and potential application value are developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Bitao Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Chengguo Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Bingcheng Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
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7
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Sisodiya DS, Ali SM, Chattopadhyay A. Exploring the reaction pathway involved in the dibenzo‐18‐crown‐6 synthesis from catechol and bis(2‐chloroethyl) ether in presence of base. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dilawar Singh Sisodiya
- Department of Chemistry Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani –K.K. Birla Goa Campus Goa India
| | - Sk. Musharaf Ali
- Chemical Engineering Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Trombay Mumbai India
| | - Anjan Chattopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani –K.K. Birla Goa Campus Goa India
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8
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Vela S, Scheidegger A, Fabregat R, Corminboeuf C. Tuning the Thermal Stability and Photoisomerization of Azoheteroarenes through Macrocycle Strain*. Chemistry 2021; 27:419-426. [PMID: 32991023 PMCID: PMC7839710 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Azobenzene and its derivatives are one of the most widespread molecular scaffolds used in a range of modern applications, as well as in fundamental research. After photoexcitation, azo-based photoswitches revert back to the most stable isomer on a timescale ( t 1 / 2 ) that determines the range of potential applications. Attempts to bring t 1 / 2 to extreme values prompted the development of azobenzene and azoheteroarene derivatives that either rebalance the E- and Z-isomer stabilities, or exploit unconventional thermal isomerization mechanisms. In the former case, one successful strategy has been the creation of macrocycle strain, which tends to impact the E/Z stability asymmetrically, and thus significantly modifyt 1 / 2 . On the bright side, bridged derivatives have shown an improved optical switching owing to the higher quantum yields and absence of degradation. However, in most (if not all) cases, bridged derivatives display a reversed thermal stability (more stable Z-isomer), and smaller t 1 / 2 than the acyclic counterparts, which restricts their potential interest to applications requiring a fast forward and backwards switch. In this paper, the impact of alkyl bridges on the thermal stability of phenyl-azoheteroarenes is investigated by using computational methods, and it is revealed that it is indeed possible to combine such improved photoswitching characteristics while preserving the regular thermal stability (more stable E-isomer), and increased t 1 / 2 values under the appropriate connectivity and bridge length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Vela
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringLaboratory for Computational Molecular DesignÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Alan Scheidegger
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringLaboratory for Computational Molecular DesignÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Raimon Fabregat
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringLaboratory for Computational Molecular DesignÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringLaboratory for Computational Molecular DesignÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015LausanneSwitzerland
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9
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Vela S, Corminboeuf C. The Photoisomerization Pathway(s) of Push-Pull Phenylazoheteroarenes*. Chemistry 2020; 26:14724-14729. [PMID: 32692427 PMCID: PMC7756763 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Azoheteroarenes are the most recent derivatives targeted to further improve the properties of azo-based photoswitches. Their light-induced mechanism for trans-cis isomerization is assumed to be very similar to that of the parent azobenzene. As such, they inherited the controversy about the dominant isomerization pathway (rotation vs. inversion) depending on the excited state (nπ* vs. ππ*). Although the controversy seems settled in azobenzene, the extent to which the same conclusions apply to the more structurally diverse family of azoheteroarenes is unclear. Here, by means of non-adiabatic molecular dynamics, the photoisomerization mechanism of three prototypical phenyl-azoheteroarenes with increasing push-pull character is unraveled. The evolution of the rotational and inversion conical intersection energies, the preferred pathway, and the associated kinetics upon both nπ* and ππ* excitations can be linked directly with the push-pull substitution effects. Overall, the working conditions of this family of azo-dyes is clarified and a possibility to exploit push-pull substituents to tune their photoisomerization mechanism is identified, with potential impact on their quantum yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Vela
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringLaboratory for Computational Molecular DesignÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringLaboratory for Computational Molecular DesignÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015LausanneSwitzerland
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10
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Ludwanowski S, Ari M, Parison K, Kalthoum S, Straub P, Pompe N, Weber S, Walter M, Walther A. pH Tuning of Water-Soluble Arylazopyrazole Photoswitches. Chemistry 2020; 26:13203-13212. [PMID: 32427368 PMCID: PMC7693175 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Arylazopyrazoles are an emerging class of photoswitches with redshifted switching wavelength, high photostationary states, long thermal half-lives and facile synthetic access. Understanding pathways for a simple modulation of the thermal half-lives, while keeping other parameters of interest constant, is an important aspect for out-of-equilibrium systems design and applications. Here, it is demonstrated that the thermal half-life of a water-soluble PEG-tethered arylazo-bis(o-methylated)pyrazole (AAP) can be tuned by more than five orders of magnitude using simple pH adjustment, which is beyond the tunability of azobenzenes. The mechanism of thermal relaxation is investigated by thorough spectroscopic analyses and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Finally, the concepts of a tunable half-life are transferred from the molecular scale to the material scale. Based on the photochromic characteristics of E- and Z-AAP, transient information storage is showcased in form of light-written patterns inside films cast from different pH, which in turn leads to different times of storage. With respect to prospective precisely tunable materials and time-programmed out-of-equilibrium systems, an externally tunable half-life is likely advantageous over changing the entire system by the replacement of the photoswitch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ludwanowski
- Institute for Macromolecular ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Straße 3179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF)University of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Straße 2179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT)University of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
| | - Meral Ari
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT)University of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
| | - Karsten Parison
- Institute for Macromolecular ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Straße 3179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Somar Kalthoum
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT)University of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
| | - Paula Straub
- Institute for Macromolecular ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Straße 3179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Nils Pompe
- Institute for Physical ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Stefan Weber
- Institute for Physical ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Michael Walter
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT)University of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT, Freiburg Center for, Interactive Materials and Bioinspired TechnologiesUniversity of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
| | - Andreas Walther
- Institute for Macromolecular ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Straße 3179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF)University of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Straße 2179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT)University of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT, Freiburg Center for, Interactive Materials and Bioinspired TechnologiesUniversity of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
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11
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Pacheco JC, Olean‐Oliveira A, Teixeira MFS. Understanding the Performance of a Nanocomposite Based on a Conjugated Azo‐Polymer and Reduced Graphene Oxide with Photoelectrically Switchable Properties by Analyzing the Potential Profile during Photocurrent Generation. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Crivelaro Pacheco
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of Science and Technology – Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) Rua Roberto Simonsen 305 Presidente Prudente SP 19060‐900 Brazil
| | - André Olean‐Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of Science and Technology – Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) Rua Roberto Simonsen 305 Presidente Prudente SP 19060‐900 Brazil
| | - Marcos F. S. Teixeira
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of Science and Technology – Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) Rua Roberto Simonsen 305 Presidente Prudente SP 19060‐900 Brazil
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12
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Isac DL, Airinei A, Homocianu M, Fifere N, Cojocaru C, Hulubei C. Photochromic properties of some azomaleimide derivatives and DFT quantum chemical study of thermal cis-trans isomerization pathways. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.112300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Imperatore C, Valadan M, Tartaglione L, Persico M, Ramunno A, Menna M, Casertano M, Dell’Aversano C, Singh M, d’Aulisio Garigliota ML, Bajardi F, Morelli E, Fattorusso C, Altucci C, Varra M. Exploring the Photodynamic Properties of Two Antiproliferative Benzodiazopyrrole Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041246. [PMID: 32069905 PMCID: PMC7072997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of molecules whose biological activity can be properly modulated by light is a promising therapeutic approach aimed to improve drug selectivity and efficacy on the molecular target and to limit the side effects compared to traditional drugs. Recently, two photo-switchable diastereomeric benzodiazopyrrole derivatives 1RR and 1RS have been reported as microtubules targeting agents (MTAs) on human colorectal carcinoma p53 null cell line (HCT 116 p53-/-). Their IC50 was enhanced upon Light Emitting Diode (LED) irradiation at 435 nm and was related to their cis form. Here we have investigated the photo-responsive behavior of the acid derivatives of 1RR and 1RS, namely, d1RR and d1RS, in phosphate buffer solutions at different pH. The comparison of the UV spectra, acquired before and after LED irradiation, indicated that the trans→cis conversion of d1RR and d1RS is affected by the degree of ionization. The apparent rate constants were calculated from the kinetic data by means of fast UV spectroscopy and the conformers of the putative ionic species present in solution (pH range: 5.7–8.0) were modelled. Taken together, our experimental and theoretical results suggest that the photo-conversions of transd1RR/d1RS into the corresponding cis forms and the thermal decay of cisd1RR/d1RS are dependent on the presence of diazonium form of d1RR/d1RS. Finally, a photo-reaction was detected only for d1RR after prolonged LED irradiation in acidic medium, and the resulting product was characterized by means of Liquid Chromatography coupled to High resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Imperatore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Mohammadhassan Valadan
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Luciana Tartaglione
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
- CoNISMa–Italian Interuniversity Consortium on Marine Sciences, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Persico
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Anna Ramunno
- Department of Pharmacy/DIFARMA, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy; (A.R.); (M.L.d.G.)
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Marcello Casertano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Carmela Dell’Aversano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
- CoNISMa–Italian Interuniversity Consortium on Marine Sciences, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Manjot Singh
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
| | | | - Francesco Bajardi
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Elena Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Caterina Fattorusso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: (C.F.); (C.A.); (M.V.); Tel.: +39-081-678544 (C.F.); +39-081-676293 (C.A.); +39-081-678540 (M.V.)
| | - Carlo Altucci
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
- Correspondence: (C.F.); (C.A.); (M.V.); Tel.: +39-081-678544 (C.F.); +39-081-676293 (C.A.); +39-081-678540 (M.V.)
| | - Michela Varra
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: (C.F.); (C.A.); (M.V.); Tel.: +39-081-678544 (C.F.); +39-081-676293 (C.A.); +39-081-678540 (M.V.)
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14
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Calbo J, Thawani AR, Gibson RSL, White AJP, Fuchter MJ. A combinatorial approach to improving the performance of azoarene photoswitches. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:2753-2764. [PMID: 31807208 PMCID: PMC6880842 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Azoarenes remain privileged photoswitches – molecules that can be interconverted between two states using light – enabling a huge range of light addressable multifunctional systems and materials. Two key innovations to improve the addressability and Z-isomer stability of the azoarenes have been ortho-substitution of the benzene ring(s) or replacement of one of the benzenes for a pyrazole (to give arylazopyrazole switches). Here we study the combination of such high-performance features within a single switch architecture. Through computational analysis and experimental measurements of representative examples, we demonstrate that ortho-benzene substitution of the arylazopyrazoles drastically increases the Z-isomer stability and allows further tuning of their addressability. This includes the discovery of new azopyrazoles with a Z-isomer thermal half-life of ≈46 years. Such results therefore define improved designs for high performance azo switches, which will allow for high precision optically addressable applications using such components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquin Calbo
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Aditya R Thawani
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Imperial College London, W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Rosina S L Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Imperial College London, W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J P White
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Imperial College London, W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Fuchter
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Imperial College London, W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
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Vela S, Krüger C, Corminboeuf C. Exploring chemical space in the search for improved azoheteroarene-based photoswitches. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:20782-20790. [PMID: 31513205 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03831k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In quest of improved photo switches, azoheteroarenes have emerged as a potential alternative to azobenzenes. However, to date the number and types of these species that have been subjected to study are insufficient to provide an in-depth understanding of the photochemical effects brought about by different substituents. Here, we computationally screen the optical properties and thermal stabilities of 512 azoheteroarenes that consist of eight different N-containing heteroarenes combined with 64 substitution patterns. The most promising compounds are identified and their properties rationalized based on the nature of the azoheteroarene core and the location and type of substitution patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Vela
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Constantin Krüger
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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16
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Imperatore C, Scuotto M, Valadan M, Rivieccio E, Saide A, Russo A, Altucci C, Menna M, Ramunno A, Mayol L, Russo G, Varra M. Photo-control of cancer cell growth by benzodiazo N-substituted pyrrole derivatives. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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18
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Xu Y, Gao C, Andréasson J, Grøtli M. Synthesis and Photophysical Characterization of Azoheteroarenes. Org Lett 2018; 20:4875-4879. [PMID: 30079733 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A set of azoheteroarenes have been synthesized with Buchwald-Hartwig coupling and microwave-assisted O2 oxidation as the key steps. Several compounds exhibit good to excellent photoswitching properties (high switching efficiency, good fatigue resistance, and thermal stability of Z-isomer) relevant for photocontrolled applications, which pave the way for use in photopharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjin Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Gothenburg , SE-412 96 Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Chunxia Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Gothenburg , SE-412 96 Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Joakim Andréasson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Physical Chemistry , Chalmers University of Technology , SE-412 96 Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Morten Grøtli
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Gothenburg , SE-412 96 Gothenburg , Sweden
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19
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Stricker L, Böckmann M, Kirse TM, Doltsinis NL, Ravoo BJ. Arylazopyrazole Photoswitches in Aqueous Solution: Substituent Effects, Photophysical Properties, and Host-Guest Chemistry. Chemistry 2018; 24:8639-8647. [PMID: 29601098 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Getting the green light! Substituted arylazopyrazoles (AAPs) have been investigated as supramolecular photoswitches in aqueous solution. Selective photostationary states (PSSs) and improved binding affinities to β-cyclodextrin have been determined. The experimental findings are supported by results from DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Stricker
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Marcus Böckmann
- Institute for Solid State Theory and Center for Multiscale Theory, & Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm Str. 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas M Kirse
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Nikos L Doltsinis
- Institute for Solid State Theory and Center for Multiscale Theory, & Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm Str. 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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20
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Pang X, Jiang C, Qi Y, Yuan L, Hu D, Zhang X, Zhao D, Wang D, Lan Z, Li F. Ultrafast unidirectional chiral rotation in the Z–E photoisomerization of two azoheteroarene photoswitches. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:25910-25917. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04762f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Based on a large number of trajectories starting from the Z-isomer, for both azoheteroarenes, more than 99% of the trajectories decay through conical intersections with the same helicities as their initial geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Pang
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices Shaanxi, and Department of Applied Physics
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an 710049
- China
| | - Chenwei Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices Shaanxi, and Department of Applied Physics
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an 710049
- China
| | - Yongnan Qi
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices Shaanxi, and Department of Applied Physics
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an 710049
- China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices Shaanxi, and Department of Applied Physics
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an 710049
- China
| | - Deping Hu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Xiuxing Zhang
- Department of Physics
- Weinan Normal University
- Weinan 714000
- China
| | - Di Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices Shaanxi, and Department of Applied Physics
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an 710049
- China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an 710049
- China
| | - Zhenggang Lan
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Fuli Li
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices Shaanxi, and Department of Applied Physics
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an 710049
- China
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21
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Kwiatkowski A, Jędrzejewska B, Józefowicz M, Grela I, Ośmiałowski B. The trans/cis photoisomerization in hydrogen bonded complexes with stability controlled by substituent effects: 3-(6-aminopyridin-3-yl)acrylate case study. RSC Adv 2018; 8:23698-23710. [PMID: 35540258 PMCID: PMC9081750 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03042a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The association of aminopyridine-based acrylic acid and its salt was studied by NMR titration experiments. The AA (acceptor, acceptor) hydrogen-bonding pattern present in the salt forms a complex readily with a DD (donor, donor) hydrogen-bonding pattern of the substituted ureas even in polar and competitive environment. The double carbon–carbon bond in the acrylic acid derivative is subjected to photoisomerization. This is dependent on the association with substituted urea derivatives. The substituent in ureas influences the trans/cis isomerization kinetics and position of the photostationary state. Two mechanisms that influence the photoisomerization were proposed. To the best of our knowledge, the trans/cis photoisomerization influenced by the substituent in such a hydrogen-bonding pattern has not observed previously. It was shown that interaction with urea derivatives causes lowering of the trans-to-cis photoreaction rates. The association of aminopyridine-based acrylic acid and its salt was studied by NMR titration experiments.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kwiatkowski
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering
- UTP University of Science and Technology
- PL-85326 Bydgoszcz
- Poland
| | - Beata Jędrzejewska
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering
- UTP University of Science and Technology
- PL-85326 Bydgoszcz
- Poland
| | - Marek Józefowicz
- Faculty of Mathematics
- Physics and Informatics
- University of Gdańsk
- 80-308 Gdańsk
- Poland
| | - Izabela Grela
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering
- UTP University of Science and Technology
- PL-85326 Bydgoszcz
- Poland
| | - Borys Ośmiałowski
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
- 87-100 Torun
- Poland
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