1
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Azizli MJ, Dehaghi FM, Nasrollahi B, Barghamadi M, Rezaeeparto K, Parham S, Mokhtary M, Ramakrishna S, Ghomi ER. Analysis and modeling of modified styrene–acrylonitrile/carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber nanocomposites filled with graphene and graphene oxide: Interfacial interaction and nonlinear elastoplastic behavior. POLYM ENG SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Azizli
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University Rasht Iran
- Zolal Gostar Rooz Technical Inspection and Consulting Engineers Co. Tehran Iran
| | | | - Bahareh Nasrollahi
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | | | | | | | - Masoud Mokhtary
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University Rasht Iran
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanotechnology and Sustainability, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Erfan Rezvani Ghomi
- Center for Nanotechnology and Sustainability, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
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2
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An Overview of Functionalized Graphene Nanomaterials for Advanced Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11071717. [PMID: 34209928 PMCID: PMC8308136 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Interest in the development of graphene-based materials for advanced applications is growing, because of the unique features of such nanomaterials and, above all, of their outstanding versatility, which enables several functionalization pathways that lead to materials with extremely tunable properties and architectures. This review is focused on the careful examination of relationships between synthetic approaches currently used to derivatize graphene, main properties achieved, and target applications proposed. Use of functionalized graphene nanomaterials in six engineering areas (materials with enhanced mechanical and thermal performance, energy, sensors, biomedical, water treatment, and catalysis) was critically reviewed, pointing out the latest advances and potential challenges associated with the application of such materials, with a major focus on the effect that the physicochemical features imparted by functionalization routes exert on the achievement of ultimate properties capable of satisfying or even improving the current demand in each field. Finally, current limitations in terms of basic scientific knowledge and nanotechnology were highlighted, along with the potential future directions towards the full exploitation of such fascinating nanomaterials.
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3
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Bai Z, Wang N, Chen S, Guo X, Guo J, Qin J, Chen X, Lu Z. Influence of nano silica hybrid expandable graphite on flammability, thermal stability, and mechanical property of polypropylene/polyamide 6 blends. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuyu Bai
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Shaopeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Xincheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Jianbing Guo
- Sichuan Jiahe Copoly Technology Co., Ltd. Chengdu China
- National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials Guiyang China
| | - Jun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard, Ministry of Land and Resources Guizhou University Guiyang China
| | - Xiaolang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
- Sichuan Jiahe Copoly Technology Co., Ltd. Chengdu China
| | - Zongcheng Lu
- Sichuan Jiahe Copoly Technology Co., Ltd. Chengdu China
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4
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Azizli MJ, Barghamadi M, Rezaeeparto K, Mokhtary M, Parham S, Goodarzi V, Soltani S. Enhancement of thermal, morphological, and mechanical properties of compatibilized based on
PA6
‐enriched graphene oxide/
EPDM‐
g
‐MA
/
CR
: Graphene oxide and
EPDM‐
g
‐MA
compatibilizer role. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Azizli
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Rasht Branch Islamic Azad University Rasht Iran
- Zolal Gostar Rooz Technical Inspection and Consulting Engineers CO Tehran Iran
- Khazra Sazan Rad Polymer Parsian Consulting Polymer Engineers CO Shiraz Iran
| | | | - Katayoon Rezaeeparto
- Exploration and Production Directorate, Geoscience Department Research Institute of Petroleum Industry Tehran Iran
| | - Masoud Mokhtary
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Rasht Branch Islamic Azad University Rasht Iran
| | - Somayeh Parham
- Exploration and Production Directorate, Geoscience Department Research Institute of Petroleum Industry Tehran Iran
| | - Vahabodin Goodarzi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sedigheh Soltani
- Department of Rubber Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute Tehran Iran
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5
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Saladino ML, Markowska M, Carmone C, Cancemi P, Alduina R, Presentato A, Scaffaro R, Biały D, Hasiak M, Hreniak D, Wawrzyńska M. Graphene Oxide Carboxymethylcellulose Nanocomposite for Dressing Materials. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13081980. [PMID: 32340390 PMCID: PMC7216044 DOI: 10.3390/ma13081980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sore, infected wounds are a major clinical issue, and there is thus an urgent need for novel biomaterials as multifunctional constituents for dressings. A set of biocomposites was prepared by solvent casting using different concentrations of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and exfoliated graphene oxide (Exf-GO) as a filler. Exf-GO was first obtained by the strong oxidation and exfoliation of graphite. The structural, morphological and mechanical properties of the composites (CMCx/Exf-GO) were evaluated, and the obtained composites were homogenous, transparent and brownish in color. The results confirmed that Exf-GO may be homogeneously dispersed in CMC. It was found that the composite has an inhibitory activity against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, but not against Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa. At the same time, it does not exhibit any cytotoxic effect on normal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Saladino
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze Bld. 16-17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy; (C.C.); (P.C.); (R.A.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.L.S.); (D.B.); (M.W.)
| | - Marta Markowska
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, PL-50-422 Wrocław, Poland; (M.M.); (D.H.)
- Carbonmed Spółka z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością, ul. Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Clara Carmone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze Bld. 16-17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy; (C.C.); (P.C.); (R.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Patrizia Cancemi
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze Bld. 16-17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy; (C.C.); (P.C.); (R.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Rosa Alduina
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze Bld. 16-17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy; (C.C.); (P.C.); (R.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandro Presentato
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze Bld. 16-17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy; (C.C.); (P.C.); (R.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Roberto Scaffaro
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze Bld. 6, I-90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Dariusz Biały
- Carbonmed Spółka z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością, ul. Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław, Poland
- Division of Preclinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Ludwika Pasteura 1, PL-50-367 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.L.S.); (D.B.); (M.W.)
| | - Mariusz Hasiak
- Department of Mechanics and Material Science Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, PL-50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Hreniak
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, PL-50-422 Wrocław, Poland; (M.M.); (D.H.)
- Carbonmed Spółka z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością, ul. Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wawrzyńska
- Carbonmed Spółka z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością, ul. Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław, Poland
- Division of Preclinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Ludwika Pasteura 1, PL-50-367 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.L.S.); (D.B.); (M.W.)
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6
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Scaffaro R, Maio A, Gulino EF, Morreale M, La Mantia FP. The Effects of Nanoclay on the Mechanical Properties, Carvacrol Release and Degradation of a PLA/PBAT Blend. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13040983. [PMID: 32098312 PMCID: PMC7078646 DOI: 10.3390/ma13040983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The formulation of polymeric films endowed with the abilities of controlled release of antimicrobials and biodegradability is the latest trend of food packaging. Biodegradable polymer (Bio-Flex®)-based nanocomposites containing carvacrol as an antimicrobial agent, and a nanoclay as a filler, were processed into blown films. The presence of such hybrid loading, while not affecting the overall filmability of the neat matrix, led to enhanced mechanical properties, with relative increments up to +70% and +200% in terms of elastic modulus and elongation at break. FTIR/ATR analysis and release tests pointed out that the presence of nanoclay allowed higher carvacrol loading efficiency, reasonably hindering its volatilization during processing. Furthermore, it also mitigated the burst delivery, thereby enabling a more controlled release of the antimicrobial agent. The results of mass loss tests indicated that all the formulations showed a rather fast degradation with mass losses ranging from 37.5% to 57.5% after 876 h. The presence of clay and carvacrol accelerated the mass loss rate of Bio-Flex®, especially when added simultaneously, thus indicating an increased biodegradability. Such ternary systems could be, therefore, particularly suitable as green materials for food packaging applications, and for antimicrobial wrapping applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Scaffaro
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (E.F.G.); (F.P.L.M.)
- Correspondence: (R.S.); (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Andrea Maio
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (E.F.G.); (F.P.L.M.)
- Correspondence: (R.S.); (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Emmanuel Fortunato Gulino
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (E.F.G.); (F.P.L.M.)
| | - Marco Morreale
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.S.); (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Francesco Paolo La Mantia
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (E.F.G.); (F.P.L.M.)
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7
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Poly(lactic acid)/carvacrol-based materials: preparation, physicochemical properties, and antimicrobial activity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:1823-1835. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10337-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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8
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Influence of Oxidation Level of Graphene Oxide on the Mechanical Performance and Photo-Oxidation Resistance of a Polyamide 6. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11050857. [PMID: 31083410 PMCID: PMC6572711 DOI: 10.3390/polym11050857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is to study the relationship between the chemical-physical properties of graphene oxide (GO) and the performance of a polyamide 6 (PA6) in terms of mechanical reinforcement and resistance to UV-exposure. For this purpose, two samples of GO possessing different oxidation degrees were added (0.75 wt.%) to PA6 by way of a two-step technique and the materials achieved were carefully analysed from a morphological, chemical-physical, mechanical point of view. Photo-oxidation tests were carried out to assess the performance of this class of nanohybrids after 240 h of UV-exposure. The results reveal that both nanocomposites exhibit enhanced mechanical performance and durability of PA6. However, the most oxidized GO led to a higher increase of mechanical properties and a stronger resistance to UV-exposure. All the analyses confirm that both GO samples are well dispersed and covalently attached to PA6. However, the higher the oxidation level of GO the stronger and the more extended the chemical interphase of the nanocomposite. As regards photochemical stability, both GO samples display UV-shielding capacity but the most oxidized GO also shows radical scavenging activity by virtue of its nanocavities and defects, imparted by prolonged oxidation, which endows PA6 with an outstanding durability even after 240 h of UV-exposure.
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9
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Emerging Trends in the Syntheses of Heterocycles Using Graphene-based Carbocatalysts: An Update. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2019; 377:13. [PMID: 31054016 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-019-0238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based carbocatalysts owing to numerous amazing properties such as large specific surface area, high intrinsic mobility, excellent thermal and electrical conductivities, chemical stability, ease of functionalization, simple method of preparation, effortless recovery and recyclability have gained a superior position amongst the conventional homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. In this review, an endeavor has been made to highlight the syntheses of diverse heterocyclic compounds catalyzed by graphene-based catalysts. Further, the study also reveals that all the catalysts could be reused several times without significant loss in their catalytic activity. Additionally, most of the reactions catalyzed by graphene-based carbocatalysts were carried out at ambient temperature and under solvent-free conditions. Thus, the graphene-based catalysts do not merely act as efficient catalysts but also serve as sustainable, green catalysts. This review is divided into various sub-sections, each of which comprehensively describes the preparation of a particular heterocyclic scaffold catalyzed by graphene-derived carbocatalyst in addition to synthesis of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide, functionalization, and structural features governing their catalytic properties. Synthesis of heterocycles catalyzed by graphene-based carbocatalysts.
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10
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Scaffaro R, Maio A, Sutera F, Gulino EF, Morreale M. Degradation and Recycling of Films Based on Biodegradable Polymers: A Short Review. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E651. [PMID: 30970659 PMCID: PMC6523205 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The environmental performance of biodegradable materials has attracted attention from the academic and the industrial research over the recent years. Currently, degradation behavior and possible recyclability features, as well as actual recycling paths of such systems, are crucial to give them both durability and eco-sustainability. This paper presents a review of the degradation behaviour of biodegradable polymers and related composites, with particular concern for multi-layer films. The processing of biodegradable polymeric films and the manufacturing and properties of multilayer films based on biodegradable polymers will be discussed. The results and data collected show that: poly-lactic acid (PLA), poly-butylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT) and poly-caprolactone (PCL) are the most used biodegradable polymers, but are prone to hydrolytic degradation during processing; environmental degradation is favored by enzymes, and can take place within weeks, while in water it can take from months to years; thermal degradation during recycling basically follows a hydrolytic path, due to moisture and high temperatures (β-scissions and transesterification) which may compromise processing and recycling; ultraviolet (UV) and thermal stabilization can be adequately performed using suitable stabilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Scaffaro
- University of Palermo, Department of Engineering, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Andrea Maio
- University of Palermo, Department of Engineering, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Fiorenza Sutera
- University of Palermo, Department of Engineering, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | | | - Marco Morreale
- Kore University of Enna, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy.
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11
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Scaffaro R, Maio A, Botta L, Gulino EF, Gulli D. Tunable release of Chlorhexidine from Polycaprolactone-based filaments containing graphene nanoplatelets. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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12
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Siyal MI, Khan AA, Lee CK, Kim JO. Surface modification of glass fiber membranes by fluorographite coating for desalination of concentrated saline water with humic acid in direct-contact membrane distillation. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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13
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Fan K, Liu J, Wang X, Liu Y, Lai W, Gao S, Qin J, Liu X. Towards enhanced tribological performance as water-based lubricant additive: Selective fluorination of graphene oxide at mild temperature. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 531:138-147. [PMID: 30031256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS It is still difficult to prepare hydrophilic fluorinated graphene with abundant oxygen functional groups and high F/C ratio. EXPERIMENTS Herein, selective fluorination for graphene oxide (GO) was realized to prepare highly oxygen/fluorine dual functionalized graphene (OFG) under a mild temperature without damaging the sheet structure. Its O/C and F/C ratios came up to 0.58 and 0.19 respectively, which contained the intactly reserved oxygen functional groups from GO during fluorination and C-F bonds from addition reaction between aromatic region and F2, as demonstrated via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman measurements and so on. FINDINGS Experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that oxygen functional groups in-situ promoted addition reaction between aromatic region and F2, and the critical point was confirmed that oxygen functional groups began to react with F2 by substitution reaction. As-prepared OFG presented a 47% and 31% decrease of wear rate compared with that of pure water and GO, respectively. During friction process, the abundant oxygen functional groups of OFG contributed to hydrophilic property and introduced fluorine played an important role in enhancing the tribological performance by self-lubricating behavior. Such mild and simple method is achieved to expand the application of fluorinated graphene in aqueous environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Fan
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenchuan Lai
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Other Research Platforms & Dept. of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqiang Qin
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Scaffaro R, Maio A, Lopresti F, Botta L. Nanocarbons in Electrospun Polymeric Nanomats for Tissue Engineering: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E76. [PMID: 30970753 PMCID: PMC6432463 DOI: 10.3390/polym9020076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning is a versatile process technology, exploited for the production of fibers with varying diameters, ranging from nano- to micro-scale, particularly useful for a wide range of applications. Among these, tissue engineering is particularly relevant to this technology since electrospun fibers offer topological structure features similar to the native extracellular matrix, thus providing an excellent environment for the growth of cells and tissues. Recently, nanocarbons have been emerging as promising fillers for biopolymeric nanofibrous scaffolds. In fact, they offer interesting physicochemical properties due to their small size, large surface area, high electrical conductivity and ability to interface/interact with the cells/tissues. Nevertheless, their biocompatibility is currently under debate and strictly correlated to their surface characteristics, in terms of chemical composition, hydrophilicity and roughness. Among the several nanofibrous scaffolds prepared by electrospinning, biopolymer/nanocarbons systems exhibit huge potential applications, since they combine the features of the matrix with those determined by the nanocarbons, such as conductivity and improved bioactivity. Furthermore, combining nanocarbons and electrospinning allows designing structures with engineered patterns at both nano- and microscale level. This article presents a comprehensive review of various types of electrospun polymer-nanocarbon currently used for tissue engineering applications. Furthermore, the differences among graphene, carbon nanotubes, nanodiamonds and fullerenes and their effect on the ultimate properties of the polymer-based nanofibrous scaffolds is elucidated and critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Scaffaro
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Aerospace, Materials Engineering, RU INSTM, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Andrea Maio
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Aerospace, Materials Engineering, RU INSTM, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Francesco Lopresti
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Aerospace, Materials Engineering, RU INSTM, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Luigi Botta
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Aerospace, Materials Engineering, RU INSTM, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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Hanoon HD, Kowsari E, Abdouss M, Ghasemi MH, Zandi H. Highly efficient and simple protocol for synthesis of 2,4,5-triarylimidazole derivatives from benzil using fluorinated graphene oxide as effective and reusable catalyst. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2847-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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