1
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Han S, Lee P, Choi HJ. Non-Invasive Vaccines: Challenges in Formulation and Vaccine Adjuvants. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2114. [PMID: 37631328 PMCID: PMC10458847 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the limitations of conventional invasive vaccines, such as the requirement for a cold chain system and trained personnel, needle-based injuries, and limited immunogenicity, non-invasive vaccines have gained significant attention. Although numerous approaches for formulating and administrating non-invasive vaccines have emerged, each of them faces its own challenges associated with vaccine bioavailability, toxicity, and other issues. To overcome such limitations, researchers have created novel supplementary materials and delivery systems. The goal of this review article is to provide vaccine formulation researchers with the most up-to-date information on vaccine formulation and the immunological mechanisms available, to identify the technical challenges associated with the commercialization of non-invasive vaccines, and to guide future research and development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hyo-Jick Choi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada; (S.H.); (P.L.)
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2
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Kumar M, Dogra R, Mandal UK. Nanomaterial-based delivery of vaccine through nasal route: Opportunities, challenges, advantages, and limitations. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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3
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Athirathinam K, Nandakumar S, Kandasamy R. Biopolymers and Osmolytes - A Focus towards the Prospects of Stability and Adjuvanticity of Vaccines. Macromol Res 2022; 30:599-608. [PMID: 35762006 PMCID: PMC9217723 DOI: 10.1007/s13233-022-0068-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
‘New-Gen Vaccines’ are grabbing the attention of scientists as they are much suitable for an immune-compromised group of individuals as well as infants. The major drawbacks of these vaccines are lower immunogenicity and instability. The need for a convenient and safe adjuvant is still under exploration. On the other hand, thermal instability leads to the inactivation of the vaccine and becomes detrimental in many cases. Thus, there is a need to incorporate new kinds of excipients into vaccine formulation to enhance the potency/immunogenicity of vaccine antigens and also act as stabilizers. A limited or single excipient in providing the required dual-activity is vital to break the stereotypical usage of the well-entrenched adverse ingredients. In the proposed review, the efficiency of naturally occurring biocompatible carbohydrate polymers and osmolytes and their ‘dual-role’ is briefed. In addition, the information on the possible mechanisms of action of carbohydrate polymers in vaccines as adjuvants and stabilizers are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krubha Athirathinam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Centre for Excellence in Nano-Bio Translational Research (CENTRE), Bharathidasan Institute of Technology, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024 India
| | | | - Ruckmani Kandasamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Centre for Excellence in Nano-Bio Translational Research (CENTRE), Bharathidasan Institute of Technology, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024 India
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4
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Multiple Roles of Chitosan in Mucosal Drug Delivery: An Updated Review. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20050335. [PMID: 35621986 PMCID: PMC9146108 DOI: 10.3390/md20050335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan (CS) is a linear polysaccharide obtained by the deacetylation of chitin, which, after cellulose, is the second biopolymer most abundant in nature, being the primary component of the exoskeleton of crustaceans and insects. Since joining the pharmaceutical field, in the early 1990s, CS attracted great interest, which has constantly increased over the years, due to its several beneficial and favorable features, including large availability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, simplicity of chemical modifications, mucoadhesion and permeation enhancer power, joined to its capability of forming films, hydrogels and micro- and nanoparticles. Moreover, its cationic character, which renders it unique among biodegradable polymers, is responsible for the ability of CS to strongly interact with different types of molecules and for its intrinsic antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and hemostatic activities. However, its pH-dependent solubility and susceptibility to ions presence may represent serious drawbacks and require suitable strategies to be overcome. Presently, CS and its derivatives are widely investigated for a great variety of pharmaceutical applications, particularly in drug delivery. Among the alternative routes to overcome the problems related to the classic oral drug administration, the mucosal route is becoming the favorite non-invasive delivery pathway. This review aims to provide an updated overview of the applications of CS and its derivatives in novel formulations intended for different methods of mucosal drug delivery.
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5
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Dmour I, Islam N. Recent advances on chitosan as an adjuvant for vaccine delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 200:498-519. [PMID: 34973993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan (CS) is a natural polymer derived from chitin that has wide applications in drugs, vaccines, and antigen delivery. The distinctive mucoadhesive, biocompatibility, biodegradable, and less toxic properties of chitosan compared to the currently used vaccine adjuvants made it a promising candidate for use as an adjuvant/carrier in vaccine delivery. In addition, chitosan exhibits intrinsic immunomodulating properties making it a suitable adjuvant in preparing vaccines delivery systems. Nanoparticles (NPs) of chitosan and its derivatives loaded with antigen have been shown to induce cellular and humoral responses. Versatility in the physicochemical properties of chitosan can provide an excellent opportunity to engineer antigen-specific adjuvant/delivery systems. This review discusses the recent advances of chitosan and its derivatives as adjuvants in vaccine deliveryand the published literature in the last fifteen years. The impact of physicochemical properties of chitosan on vaccine formulation has been described in detail. Applications of chitosan and its derivatives, their physicochemical properties, and mechanisms in enhancing immune responses have been discussed. Finally, challenges and future aspects of chitosan use has been pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isra Dmour
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
| | - Nazrul Islam
- Pharmacy Discipline, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Immunology and Infection Control (CIIC), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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6
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Luzuriaga MA, Shahrivarkevishahi A, Herbert FC, Wijesundara YH, Gassensmith JJ. Biomaterials and nanomaterials for sustained release vaccine delivery. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 13:e1735. [PMID: 34180608 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines are considered one of the most significant medical advancements in human history, as they have prevented hundreds of millions of deaths since their discovery; however, modern travel permits disease spread at unprecedented rates, and vaccine shortcomings like thermal sensitivity and required booster shots have been made evident by the COVID-19 pandemic. Approaches to overcoming these issues appear promising via the integration of vaccine technology with biomaterials, which offer sustained-release properties and preserve proteins, prevent conformational changes, and enable storage at room temperature. Sustained release and thermal stabilization of therapeutic biomacromolecules is an emerging area that integrates material science, chemistry, immunology, nanotechnology, and pathology to investigate different biocompatible materials. Biomaterials, including natural sugar polymers, synthetic polyesters produced from biologically derived monomers, hydrogel blends, protein-polymer blends, and metal-organic frameworks, have emerged as early players in the field. This overview will focus on significant advances of sustained release biomaterial in the context of vaccines against infectious disease and the progress made towards thermally stable "single-shot" formulations. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Luzuriaga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Fabian C Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardon, Texas, USA
| | - Yalini H Wijesundara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardon, Texas, USA
| | - Jeremiah J Gassensmith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardon, Texas, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardon, Texas, USA
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7
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Kaneko K, Miyaji EN, Gonçalves VM, Ferreira DM, Solórzano C, MacLoughlin R, Saleem I. Evaluation of polymer choice on immunogenicity of chitosan coated PLGA NPs with surface-adsorbed pneumococcal protein antigen PspA4Pro. Int J Pharm 2021; 599:120407. [PMID: 33675930 PMCID: PMC8188518 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) are recognized as
potential delivery vehicles for vaccines. PLGA is a biocompatible polymer
synonymous with polymeric NPs, which can be coated with other polymers such as
chitosan that has intrinsic adjuvant properties as well as mucoadhesive
properties. Numerous modifications and variations exist for PLGA and chitosan,
which can influence the NP characteristics and the resulting immunogenicity. The
current study investigated variations for making chitosan coated PLGA NPs
incorporating recombinant pneumococcal surface protein A from family 2, clade 4
(PspA4Pro) antigen as a vaccine targeting the vast majority of pneumococcal
strains and determine the effect of the polymers on particle size, surface
charge, and surface marker upregulation on a dendritic cell (DC) line in vitro.
PLGA variations tested with the ester-terminal group had the greatest detriment
for prospective vaccine use, due to the lowest PspA4Pro adsorption and induction
of CD40 and CD86 cell surface markers on DCs. The negatively charged chitosans
exhibited the lowest surface marker expressions, similar to the uncoated NP,
supporting the commonly accepted notion that positive surface charge augments
immunogenic effects of the NPs. However, the study indicated that NPs made from
PLGA with an acid terminated group, and chitosan HCl salt, exhibit particle
characteristics, antigen adsorption efficiency and immunogenicity, which could
be most suitable as a vaccine formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Kaneko
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Eliane N Miyaji
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Viviane M Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela M Ferreira
- Respiratory Infection Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Carla Solórzano
- Respiratory Infection Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ronan MacLoughlin
- Aerogen, IDA Business Park, Dangan, H91 HE94 Galway, Ireland, United Kingdom; School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland, United Kingdom; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Imran Saleem
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
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8
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Bouazzaoui A, Abdellatif AAH, Al-Allaf FA, Bogari NM, Al-Dehlawi S, Qari SH. Strategies for Vaccination: Conventional Vaccine Approaches Versus New-Generation Strategies in Combination with Adjuvants. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020140. [PMID: 33499096 PMCID: PMC7911318 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The current COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has raised significant economic, social, and psychological concerns. The rapid spread of the virus, coupled with the absence of vaccines and antiviral treatments for SARS-CoV-2, has galvanized a major global endeavor to develop effective vaccines. Within a matter of just a few months of the initial outbreak, research teams worldwide, adopting a range of different strategies, embarked on a quest to develop effective vaccine that could be effectively used to suppress this virulent pathogen. In this review, we describe conventional approaches to vaccine development, including strategies employing proteins, peptides, and attenuated or inactivated pathogens in combination with adjuvants (including genetic adjuvants). We also present details of the novel strategies that were adopted by different research groups to successfully transfer recombinantly expressed antigens while using viral vectors (adenoviral and retroviral) and non-viral delivery systems, and how recently developed methods have been applied in order to produce vaccines that are based on mRNA, self-amplifying RNA (saRNA), and trans-amplifying RNA (taRNA). Moreover, we discuss the methods that are being used to enhance mRNA stability and protein production, the advantages and disadvantages of different methods, and the challenges that are encountered during the development of effective vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellatif Bouazzaoui
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.-A.); (N.M.B.)
- Science and Technology Unit, Umm Al Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or
| | - Ahmed A. H. Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Faisal A. Al-Allaf
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.-A.); (N.M.B.)
- Science and Technology Unit, Umm Al Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Laboratory and Blood Bank, Molecular Diagnostics Unit, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neda M. Bogari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.-A.); (N.M.B.)
| | | | - Sameer H. Qari
- Biology Department, Aljumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
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Kavithaa K, Paulpandi M, Ramya S, Ramesh M, Balachandar V, Ramasamy K, Narayanasamy A. Sitosterol-fabricated chitosan nanocomplex induces apoptotic cell death through mitochondrial dysfunction in lung cancer animal model: an enhanced synergetic drug delivery system for lung cancer therapy. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00913c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lung carcinoma is an aggressive form of cancer, with an increasing rate of morbidity, dismal outlook, poor prognosis and limited therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnamoorthy Kavithaa
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory
- Department of Zoology
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore-641046
- India
| | - Manickam Paulpandi
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory
- Department of Zoology
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore-641046
- India
| | - Sennimalai Ramya
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory
- Department of Zoology
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore-641046
- India
| | - Mathan Ramesh
- Unit of Toxicology
- Department of Zoology
- School of Life Sciences
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore
| | - Vellingiri Balachandar
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore-641046
- India
| | - Karthikeyan Ramasamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology
- Annamalai University
- Tamil Nadu – 608002
- India
| | - Arul Narayanasamy
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory
- Department of Zoology
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore-641046
- India
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10
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Oleanolicacid-Chitosan Nanocomplex Induced Apoptotic Cell Death Through Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Lung Carcinoma: An Improved Synergetic Drug System for Cancer Therapy. J CLUST SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-020-01934-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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Chemiluminescent Optical Fiber Immunosensor Combining Surface Modification and Signal Amplification for Ultrasensitive Determination of Hepatitis B Antigen. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20174912. [PMID: 32878030 PMCID: PMC7506923 DOI: 10.3390/s20174912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Optical fiber based immunosensors are very attractive for biomarker detection. In order to improve the sensor response, we propose a promising strategy which combines porous-layer modification of the fiber surface and streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase nano-complex signal amplification in chemiluminescent detection. Two hepatitis B antigens, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), are used as the targets for analysis using the proposed sensor. Comparing to immunoassays using normal optical fiber sensors, the response of the present sensor is enhanced by a factor of 4.8 and 6.7 for detection of HBsAg and HBeAg, respectively. The limit-of-quantitation of the proposed method is as low as 0.3 fg/mL (0.01 fg/mL) with a wide linear response range of 3 fg/mL–150 ng/mL (0.1 fg/mL–160 ng/mL) for sensing HBsAg (HBeAg). Quantitative determination of HBsAg and HBeAg in human serum samples is performed, showing the applicability of the proposed method for biomarker detection.
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12
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Wang ZB, Xu J. Better Adjuvants for Better Vaccines: Progress in Adjuvant Delivery Systems, Modifications, and Adjuvant-Antigen Codelivery. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8010128. [PMID: 32183209 PMCID: PMC7157724 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional aluminum adjuvants can trigger strong humoral immunity but weak cellular immunity, limiting their application in some vaccines. Currently, various immunomodulators and delivery carriers are used as adjuvants, and the mechanisms of action of some of these adjuvants are clear. However, customizing targets of adjuvant action (cellular or humoral immunity) and action intensity (enhancement or inhibition) according to different antigens selected is time-consuming. Here, we review the adjuvant effects of some delivery systems and immune stimulants. In addition, to improve the safety, effectiveness, and accessibility of adjuvants, new trends in adjuvant development and their modification strategies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Xu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-(10)-5224-5008
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13
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Zhang J, Wang Y, Li J, Zhao W, Yang Z, Feng Y. α-Santalol functionalized chitosan nanoparticles as efficient inhibitors of polo-like kinase in triple negative breast cancer. RSC Adv 2020; 10:5487-5501. [PMID: 35498298 PMCID: PMC9049642 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09084c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK-1) is a protein kinase that plays a significant role in the initiation, maintenance, and completion of mitotic processes in the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinku Zhang
- Department of Pathology
- Baoding First Central Hospital
- Baoding
- China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Pathology
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University
- Baoding
- China
| | - Jinmei Li
- Department of Pathology
- Baoding First Central Hospital
- Baoding
- China
| | - Wenming Zhao
- Department of Pathology
- Baoding First Central Hospital
- Baoding
- China
| | - Zhao Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Yanguang Feng
- Department of Cardiology
- Baoding Qingyuan District People's Hospital
- Baoding
- China
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14
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Wang Y, Hwang JY, Park HB, Yadav D, Oda T, Jin JO. Porphyran isolated from Pyropia yezoensis inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of dendritic cells in mice. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 229:115457. [PMID: 31826423 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that porphyran, a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from Pyropia yezoensis, shows protective effects on LPS-induced septic shock in the mouse. However, the immune cell-mediated inhibitory effect of porphyran in LPS-induced activation of immune cells has not been well investigated. In this study, we found that treatment of porphyran suppressed LPS-induced upregulation of costimulatory molecule and C-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CCR7) expression in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) in vitro and spleen DCs in vivo. Moreover, the LPS-induced expression of IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α in the culture medium of BMDCs and serum dose-dependently decreased by porphyran treatment, which contributed to the inhibition of the intracellular cytokine production in spleen DCs. In addition, LPS-induced differentiation of helper T1 (Th1) and cytotoxic T1 (Tc1) cells was effectively suppressed by porphyran treatment in mice. The inhibitory effect of porphyran in LPS-induced immune activation was mediated by competitive binding of porphyran with LPS in spleen DCs. Thus, these results suggest that porphyran is a promising potential therapeutic agent in endotoxin-mediated inflammatory disease and septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ju-Young Hwang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Hae-Bin Park
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Tatsuya Oda
- Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China.
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15
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Imitation of nature: Bionic design in the study of particle adjuvants. J Control Release 2019; 303:101-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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16
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Singh B, Maharjan S, Sindurakar P, Cho KH, Choi YJ, Cho CS. Needle-Free Immunization with Chitosan-Based Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3639. [PMID: 30463211 PMCID: PMC6274840 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite successful use, needle-based immunizations have several issues such as the risk of injuries and infections from the reuse of needles and syringes and the low patient compliance due to pain and fear of needles during immunization. In contrast, needle-free immunizations have several advantages including ease of administration, high level of patient compliance and the possibility of mass vaccination. Thus, there is an increasing interest on developing effective needle-free immunizations via cutaneous and mucosal approaches. Here, we discuss several methods of needle-free immunizations and provide insights into promising use of chitosan systems for successful immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijay Singh
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
- Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal.
| | - Sushila Maharjan
- Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal.
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Princy Sindurakar
- Department of Biology, College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, MA 01610, USA.
| | - Ki-Hyun Cho
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | - Yun-Jaie Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Chong-Su Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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Xu J, Li S, Wang X, Liu J, Shan P, Zhou Y, Zhao J, Wang Z, Xu C, Chen M, Chen Z, Zhao K, Qu D. Systemic and mucosal humoral immune responses induced by the JY-adjuvanted nasal spray H7N9 vaccine in mice. Emerg Microbes Infect 2018; 7:140. [PMID: 30076293 PMCID: PMC6076272 DOI: 10.1038/s41426-018-0133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Since the first case of human avian influenza A (H7N9) virus infection in 2013, five H7N9 epidemics have occurred in China, all of which caused severe diseases, including pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome, and the fatality rates of these epidemics were as high as 30-40%. To control the prevalence of H7N9 influenza, an effective vaccine is urgently needed. In the present study, we used chitosan and recombinant human interleukin-2 as an adjuvant (JY) to promote the systemic and mucosal immune responses induced by the H7N9 vaccine. Mice were immunized intranasally with the inactivated split influenza A (H7N9) virus (A/Shanghai/02/2013) vaccine with or without JY. The hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers of mice immunized with the JY-adjuvanted vaccine were significantly higher than those of mice immunized with the vaccine without adjuvant (21.11 ± 9.58 vs. 5.04 ± 3, P < 0.05). The JY-adjuvanted H7N9 nasal spray vaccine induced higher HI titers (8 ± 0.82 vs. 6.7 ± 0.67, P = 0.0035) than those did the poly (I:C)-adjuvanted H7N9 vaccine or the LTB-adjuvanted H7N9 vaccine (8 ± 0.82 vs. 6.9 ± 0.88, P = 0.0186). The optimal immunization regimen for the nasal spray H7N9 vaccine was determined to be a 21-day interval between the primary immunization and booster, with a dose of 4.5 μg hemagglutinin per mouse. The immunogenicities of the nasal spray H7N9 vaccine and intramuscular vaccine (containing only the inactivated split virus) were compared in mice. Two doses of the nasal spray H7N9 vaccine induced higher titers of HI (6.7 ± 0.67 vs. 5.3 ± 1.16, P = 0.004) and anti-HA IgG in sera (19.26 ± 0.67 vs. 13.97 ± 0.82, P < 0.0001) and of anti-HA sIgA (7.13 ± 2.54 vs. 0, P = 0.0000) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) than one dose of intramuscular H7N9 vaccine 3 weeks after the last immunization. However, when we immunized the mice with two doses of both vaccines separately, the nasal spray H7N9 vaccine induced higher titers of anti-HA IgG (19.26 ± 0.67 vs. 17.56 ± 0.57, P < 0.0001) and anti-HA sIgA (7.13 ± 2.54 vs. 4.02 ± 0.33, P = 0.0026) than did the intramuscular H7N9 vaccine, and there was no difference in HI titer between the two groups (P = 0.3745). This finding indicates that the JY-adjuvanted nasal spray H7N9 vaccine induced not only the systemic immune response but also a local mucosal response, which may improve the efficacy of H7N9 influenza prevention through respiratory tract transmission.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Female
- Humans
- Immunity, Humoral
- Immunity, Mucosal
- Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Influenza, Human/immunology
- Influenza, Human/prevention & control
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Nasal Sprays
- Vaccination
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE and MOH, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- China National Vaccine and Serum Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxiang Li
- China National Vaccine and Serum Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- China National Vaccine and Serum Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- China National Vaccine and Serum Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Pu Shan
- China National Vaccine and Serum Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Beijing JDK Bio-Tech Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibiao Wang
- China National Vaccine and Serum Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Cui Xu
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meili Chen
- Beijing Bio-Institute Biological Products Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Ze Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- China National Vaccine and Serum Institute, Beijing, China.
| | - Di Qu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE and MOH, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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18
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Chiu YH, Chen MC, Wan SW. Sodium Hyaluronate/Chitosan Composite Microneedles as a Single-Dose Intradermal Immunization System. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:2278-2285. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsiu Chiu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 701
| | - Mei-Chin Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 701
| | - Shu-Wen Wan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan 840
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19
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Li S, Guo Z, Zeng G, Zhang Y, Xue W, Liu Z. Polyethylenimine-Modified Fluorescent Carbon Dots As Vaccine Delivery System for Intranasal Immunization. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 4:142-150. [PMID: 33418684 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) as a luminescent nanomaterial have obtained much attention in the biomedical field. To make good use of their luminescent property and nanoscaled size, we developed CDs as a vaccine delivery system for intranasal immunization in this work. To this aim, polyethylenimine-modified CDs were prepared via a simple microwave method. Intranasal immunization was performed by using the CDs as an antigen carrier to deliver model protein antigen ovalbumin. The results showed that the CDs as an intranasal vaccine delivery system enhanced the immunization efficacy by significantly increasing IgG titer, IgA induction in the local and distant mucous membrane sites, splenocyte proliferation, cytokine IFN-γ secretion by splenocytes, and memory T cells. From the results, the CDs could be used as vaccine delivery systems with the advantage of tracing the antigen transportation from administration site to the lymph organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, No. 601 West Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, No. 601 West Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Guandi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, No. 601 West Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, No. 601 West Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, No. 601 West Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, No. 601 West Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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