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Behrouznejad B, Sadat SB, Masaeli E. The orchestration of sustained drug delivery by bacterial cellulose/gelatin nanocomposites reinforced with carboxylic carbon nanotubes. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 333:121917. [PMID: 38494242 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Recently, modifying bacterial cellulose (BC) by compositing it with other nano-biomaterials has become inevitable to achieve its desired properties in drug delivery. To address this, our study endeavors to utilize an in-situ fabrication method for the creation of a multifunctional BC/gelatin (BC/Gel) platform reinforced with carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (cMWCNTs) as a sustainable delivery model of biomolecules. Incipiently, cMWCNTs were loaded with human serum albumin (HSA) as a drug model, with an optimized nanoparticle-to-protein ratio of 1:5 and loading efficiency of 90.0 ± 1.0 % before incorporation into BC/Gel hydrogels. By comparison, nanocomposition improved the surface area and overall porosity of BC/Gel up to 58.0 ± 1.3 m2/g and 85.5 ± 1.1 %, respectively. Likewise, significant wettability of 44.0 ± 0.1° and dramatic biodegradation rate of 36.9 ± 1.2 % were other exceptionally gained attributes. Meanwhile, with a Zero-order kinetic mechanism, CNT-HSA integration facilitated the controlled release of 56.0 ± 0.9 % HSA over 7 days. Drug-loaded nanocomposites showcased >70 % viability during in vitro cellular trials using Human Foreskin Fibroblasts (HFF). Overall, BC/Gel/CNT-HSA nanocomposite exhibited favorable cell behavior, devoid of cytotoxic manifestations. Consequently, this BC-based nanocomposite scaffold implicates the premiere capability in the sustained delivery of an extended range of protein biomolecules, offering a promising therapeutic avenue for bolstering tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Behrouznejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Modern Sciences and Technologies, ACECR Institute of Higher Education (Isfahan Branch) Isfahan, P.O. Box 84175-443, Iran; Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, P.O. Box 81593-58686, Iran
| | - Sayedeh Boshra Sadat
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Modern Sciences and Technologies, ACECR Institute of Higher Education (Isfahan Branch) Isfahan, P.O. Box 84175-443, Iran; Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, P.O. Box 81593-58686, Iran
| | - Elahe Masaeli
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, P.O. Box 81593-58686, Iran.
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2
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Płoska J, Garbowska M, Rybak K, Berthold-Pluta A, Stasiak-Różańska L. Study on application of biocellulose-based material for cheese packaging. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130433. [PMID: 38408577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC, biocellulose) is a natural polymer of microbiological origin that meets the criteria of a biomaterial for food packaging. The aim of the research was to obtain biocellulose and test its chemical as well as physical characterization as a potential packaging for Dutch-type cheeses. Four variants of biocellulose-based material were obtained: not grinded and grinded variants obtained from YPM medium (YPM-BCNG and YPM-BCG, respectively) and not grinded and grinded variants from acid whey (AW) (AW-BCNG and AW-BCG, respectively). It was demonstrated that AW-BCNG exhibited the highest thermostability and the highest degradation temperature (348 °C). YPM-BCG and YPM-BCNG demonstrated higher sorption properties (approx. 40 %) compared to AW-BCG and AW-BCNG (approx. 15 %). Cheese packaged in biocellulose (except for YPM-BCNG) did not differ in water, fat, or protein content compared to the control cheese. All of the biocellulose packaging variants provided the cheeses with protection against unfavourable microflora. It was demonstrated that cheeses packaged in biocellulose were characterized by lower hardness, fracturability, gumminess, and chewiness than the control cheese sample. The results obtained indicate that BC may be a suitable packaging material for ripening cheeses, which shows a positive impact on selected product features.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Płoska
- Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska Street 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - M Garbowska
- Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska Street 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Rybak
- Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska Street 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Berthold-Pluta
- Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska Street 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Stasiak-Różańska
- Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska Street 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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3
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Fooladi S, Nematollahi MH, Rabiee N, Iravani S. Bacterial Cellulose-Based Materials: A Perspective on Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023. [PMID: 37146213 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Today, a wide variety of bio- and nanomaterials have been deployed for cardiovascular tissue engineering (TE), including polymers, metal oxides, graphene/its derivatives, organometallic complexes/composites based on inorganic-organic components, among others. Despite several advantages of these materials with unique mechanical, biological, and electrical properties, some challenges still remain pertaining to their biocompatibility, cytocompatibility, and possible risk factors (e.g., teratogenicity or carcinogenicity), restricting their future clinical applications. Natural polysaccharide- and protein-based (nano)structures with the benefits of biocompatibility, sustainability, biodegradability, and versatility have been exploited in the field of cardiovascular TE focusing on targeted drug delivery, vascular grafts, engineered cardiac muscle, etc. The usage of these natural biomaterials and their residues offers several advantages in terms of environmental aspects such as alleviating emission of greenhouse gases as well as the production of energy as a biomass consumption output. In TE, the development of biodegradable and biocompatible scaffolds with potentially three-dimensional structures, high porosity, and suitable cellular attachment/adhesion still needs to be comprehensively studied. In this context, bacterial cellulose (BC) with high purity, porosity, crystallinity, unique mechanical properties, biocompatibility, high water retention, and excellent elasticity can be considered as promising candidate for cardiovascular TE. However, several challenges/limitations regarding the absence of antimicrobial factors and degradability along with the low yield of production and extensive cultivation times (in large-scale production) still need to be resolved using suitable hybridization/modification strategies and optimization of conditions. The biocompatibility and bioactivity of BC-based materials along with their thermal, mechanical, and chemical stability are crucial aspects in designing TE scaffolds. Herein, cardiovascular TE applications of BC-based materials are deliberated, with a focus on the most recent advancements, important challenges, and future perspectives. Other biomaterials with cardiovascular TE applications and important roles of green nanotechnology in this field of science are covered to better compare and comprehensively review the subject. The application of BC-based materials and the collective roles of such biomaterials in the assembly of sustainable and natural-based scaffolds for cardiovascular TE are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Fooladi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipour Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76169-13555 Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Nematollahi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipour Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76169-13555 Kerman, Iran
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76169-13555 Kerman, Iran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia 6150, Australia
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Siavash Iravani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 81746-73461 Isfahan, Iran
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Lin SP, Singajaya S, Lo TY, Santoso SP, Hsu HY, Cheng KC. Evaluation of porous bacterial cellulose produced from foam templating with different additives and its application in 3D cell culture. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123680. [PMID: 36801225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is used in biomedical applications due to its unique material properties such as mechanical strength with a high water-absorbing capacity and biocompatibility. Nevertheless, native BC lacks porosity control which is crucial for regenerative medicine. Hence, developing a simple technique to change the pore sizes of BC has become an important issue. This study combined current foaming BC (FBC) production with incorporation of different additives (avicel, carboxymethylcellulose, and chitosan) to form novel porous additive-altered FBC. Results demonstrated that the FBC samples provided greater reswelling rates (91.57 % ~ 93.67 %) compared to BC samples (44.52 % ~ 67.5 %). Moreover, the FBC samples also showed excellent cell adhesion and proliferation abilities for NIH-3T3 cells. Lastly, FBC allowed cells to penetrate to deep layers for cell adhesion due to its porous structure, providing a competitive scaffold for 3D cell culture in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ping Lin
- School of Food Safety, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Stephanie Singajaya
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Yun Lo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Shella Permatasari Santoso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia; Collaborative Research Center for Sustainable and Zero Waste Industries, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Hsien-Yi Hsu
- School of Energy and Environment, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong 518057, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Rd., Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Optometry, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
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Panaitescu DM, Stoian S, Frone AN, Vlăsceanu GM, Baciu DD, Gabor AR, Nicolae CA, Radiţoiu V, Alexandrescu E, Căşărică A, Damian C, Stanescu P. Nanofibrous scaffolds based on bacterial cellulose crosslinked with oxidized sucrose. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 221:381-397. [PMID: 36058396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, oxidized sucrose (OS), which is a safe bio-based and non-toxic polyaldehyde, was used as a crosslinker in defibrillated bacterial cellulose (BC) sponges obtained by freeze-drying. For mimicking the proteins' crosslinking, BC was first modified with an aminosilane to partially replace the OH groups on the BC surface with more reactive amino groups. Further, the aminosilane-grafted bacterial cellulose (BCA) was crosslinked with OS in different concentrations and thermally cured. Functionalized bacterial celluloses showed a good thermal stability, comparable to that of unmodified cellulose and much improved mechanical properties. A threefold increase in the compression strength was obtained for the BCA scaffold after crosslinking and curing. This was correlated with the uniform pore structure emphasized by the micro-CT and SEM analyses. The OS-crosslinked BCA scaffolds were not cytotoxic and showed a porosity of around 80 %, which was almost 100 % open porosity. This study shows that the crosslinking of aminated BC scaffolds with OS allows the obtaining of 3D cellulose structures with good mechanical properties and high porosity, suitable for soft tissue engineering. The results recommend this new method as an innovative approach to obtaining biomaterial scaffolds that mimic the natural extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Mihaela Panaitescu
- Polymer Department, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Sergiu Stoian
- Polymer Department, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana Nicoleta Frone
- Polymer Department, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Dora Domnica Baciu
- Cantacuzino National Medical-Military Institute for Research and Development, 103 Spl. Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Augusta Raluca Gabor
- Polymer Department, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Andi Nicolae
- Polymer Department, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Valentin Radiţoiu
- Polymer Department, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elvira Alexandrescu
- Polymer Department, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Angela Căşărică
- National Institute for Chemical - Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 112 Calea Vitan, 031299 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Celina Damian
- University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Paul Stanescu
- University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
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Jabbari F, Babaeipour V, Bakhtiari S. Bacterial cellulose-based composites for nerve tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:120-130. [PMID: 35820488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Nerve injuries and neurodegenerative disorders are very serious and costly medical challenges. Damaged nerve tissue may not be able to heal and regain its function, and scar tissue may restrict nerve cell regeneration. In recent years, new electroactive biomaterials have attracted widespread attention in the neural tissue engineering field. Bacterial cellulose (BC) due to its unique properties such as good mechanical properties, high water retention, biocompatibility, high crystallinity, large surface area, high purity, very fine network, and inability to absorb in the human body due to cellulase deficiency, can be considered a promising treatment for neurological injuries and disorders that require long-term support. However, BC lacks electrical activity, but can significantly improve the nerve regeneration rate by combining with conductive structures. Electrical stimulation has been shown to be an effective means of increasing the rate and accuracy of nerve regeneration. Many factors, such as the intensity and pattern of electrical current, have positive effects on cellular activity, including cell adhesion, proliferation, migration and differentiation, and cell-cell/tissue/molecule/drug interaction. This study discusses the importance and essential role of BC-based biomaterials in neural tissue regeneration and the effects of electrical stimulation on cellular behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Jabbari
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), P.O. Box: 31787-316, Tehran, Iran
| | - Valiollah Babaeipour
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Samaneh Bakhtiari
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Natural Polymers in Heart Valve Tissue Engineering: Strategies, Advances and Challenges. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051095. [PMID: 35625830 PMCID: PMC9139175 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In the history of biomedicine and biomedical devices, heart valve manufacturing techniques have undergone a spectacular evolution. However, important limitations in the development and use of these devices are known and heart valve tissue engineering has proven to be the solution to the problems faced by mechanical and prosthetic valves. The new generation of heart valves developed by tissue engineering has the ability to repair, reshape and regenerate cardiac tissue. Achieving a sustainable and functional tissue-engineered heart valve (TEHV) requires deep understanding of the complex interactions that occur among valve cells, the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the mechanical environment. Starting from this idea, the review presents a comprehensive overview related not only to the structural components of the heart valve, such as cells sources, potential materials and scaffolds fabrication, but also to the advances in the development of heart valve replacements. The focus of the review is on the recent achievements concerning the utilization of natural polymers (polysaccharides and proteins) in TEHV; thus, their extensive presentation is provided. In addition, the technological progresses in heart valve tissue engineering (HVTE) are shown, with several inherent challenges and limitations. The available strategies to design, validate and remodel heart valves are discussed in depth by a comparative analysis of in vitro, in vivo (pre-clinical models) and in situ (clinical translation) tissue engineering studies.
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8
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Khan S, Ul-Islam M, Ullah MW, Zhu Y, Narayanan KB, Han SS, Park JK. Fabrication strategies and biomedical applications of three-dimensional bacterial cellulose-based scaffolds: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:9-30. [PMID: 35381280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC), an extracellular polysaccharide, is a versatile biopolymer due to its intrinsic physicochemical properties, broad-spectrum applications, and remarkable achievements in different fields, especially in the biomedical field. Presently, the focus of BC-related research is on the development of scaffolds containing other materials for in-vitro and in-vivo biomedical applications. To this end, prime research objectives concern the biocompatibility of BC and the development of three-dimensional (3D) BC-based scaffolds. This review summarizes the techniques used to develop 3D BC scaffolds and discusses their potential merits and limitations. In addition, we discuss the various biomedical applications of BC-based scaffolds for which the 3D BC matrix confers desired structural and conformational features. Overall, this review provides comprehensive coverage of the idea, requirements, synthetic strategies, and current and prospective applications of 3D BC scaffolds, and thus, should be useful for researchers working with polysaccharides, biopolymers, or composite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaukat Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dhofar University, 2509, Salalah, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Mazhar Ul-Islam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dhofar University, 2509, Salalah, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Muhammad Wajid Ullah
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Youlong Zhu
- Materials Science Institute, The PCFM and GDHPRC Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | | | - Sung Soo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joong Kon Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Ghanbari M, Salavati-Niasari M, Mohandes F. Nanocomposite scaffolds based on gelatin and alginate reinforced by Zn2SiO4 with enhanced mechanical and chemical properties for Tissue Engineering. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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10
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Sood A, Gupta A, Agrawal G. Recent advances in polysaccharides based biomaterials for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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11
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Bacterial cellulose and its potential for biomedical applications. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 53:107856. [PMID: 34666147 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an important polysaccharide synthesized by some bacterial species under specific culture conditions, which presents several remarkable features such as microporosity, high water holding capacity, good mechanical properties and good biocompatibility, making it a potential biomaterial for medical applications. Since its discovery, BC has been used for wound dressing, drug delivery, artificial blood vessels, bone tissue engineering, and so forth. Additionally, BC can be simply manipulated to form its derivatives or composites with enhanced physicochemical and functional properties. Several polymers, carbon-based nanomaterials, and metal nanoparticles (NPs) have been introduced into BC by ex situ and in situ methods to design hybrid materials with enhanced functional properties. This review provides comprehensive knowledge and highlights recent advances in BC production strategies, its structural features, various in situ and ex situ modification techniques, and its potential for biomedical applications.
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Woodley JP, Lambert DW, Asencio IO. Understanding Fibroblast Behavior in 3D Biomaterials. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:569-578. [PMID: 34102862 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Traditional monolayer culture fails to fully recapitulate the in vivo environment of connective tissue cells such as the fibroblast. When cultured on stiff two-dimensional (2D) plastic, fibroblasts become highly proliferative forming broad lamellipodia and stress fibers. Conversely, in different three-dimensional (3D) culture systems, fibroblasts have displayed a diverse array of features; from an "activated" phenotype like that observed in 2D cultures and by myofibroblasts, to a quiescent state that likely better represents in vivo fibroblasts at rest. Today, a plethora of microfabrication techniques have made 3D culture commonplace, for both tissue engineering purposes and in the study of basic biological interactions. However, establishing the in vivo mimetic credentials of different biomimetic materials is not always straightforward, particularly in the context of fibroblast responses. Fibroblast behavior is governed by the complex interplay of biological features such as integrin binding sites, material mechanical properties that influence cellular mechanotransduction, and microarchitectural features like pore and fiber size, as well as chemical cues. Furthermore, fibroblasts are a heterogeneous group of cells with specific phenotypic traits dependent on their tissue of origin. These features have made understanding the influence of biomaterials on fibroblast behavior a challenging task. In this study, we present a review of the strategies used to investigate fibroblast behavior with a focus on the material properties that influence fibroblast activation, a process that becomes pathological in fibrotic diseases and certain cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe P Woodley
- Bioengineering and Health Technologies Group, The School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel W Lambert
- Integrated Bioscience Group, The School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ilida Ortega Asencio
- Bioengineering and Health Technologies Group, The School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Khan S, Siddique R, Huanfei D, Shereen MA, Nabi G, Bai Q, Manan S, Xue M, Ullah MW, Bowen H. Perspective Applications and Associated Challenges of Using Nanocellulose in Treating Bone-Related Diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:616555. [PMID: 34026739 PMCID: PMC8139407 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.616555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone serves to maintain the shape of the human body due to its hard and solid nature. A loss or weakening of bone tissues, such as in case of traumatic injury, diseases (e.g., osteosarcoma), or old age, adversely affects the individuals quality of life. Although bone has the innate ability to remodel and regenerate in case of small damage or a crack, a loss of a large volume of bone in case of a traumatic injury requires the restoration of bone function by adopting different biophysical approaches and chemotherapies as well as a surgical reconstruction. Compared to the biophysical and chemotherapeutic approaches, which may cause complications and bear side effects, the surgical reconstruction involves the implantation of external materials such as ceramics, metals, and different other materials as bone substitutes. Compared to the synthetic substitutes, the use of biomaterials could be an ideal choice for bone regeneration owing to their renewability, non-toxicity, and non-immunogenicity. Among the different types of biomaterials, nanocellulose-based materials are receiving tremendous attention in the medical field during recent years, which are used for scaffolding as well as regeneration. Nanocellulose not only serves as the matrix for the deposition of bioceramics, metallic nanoparticles, polymers, and different other materials to develop bone substitutes but also serves as the drug carrier for treating osteosarcomas. This review describes the natural sources and production of nanocellulose and discusses its important properties to justify its suitability in developing scaffolds for bone and cartilage regeneration and serve as the matrix for reinforcement of different materials and as a drug carrier for treating osteosarcomas. It discusses the potential health risks, immunogenicity, and biodegradation of nanocellulose in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Khan
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rabeea Siddique
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ding Huanfei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Shereen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ghulam Nabi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qian Bai
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sehrish Manan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengzhou Xue
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Wajid Ullah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hu Bowen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Lee J, Moon JY, Lee JC, Hwang TI, Park CH, Kim CS. Simple conversion of 3D electrospun nanofibrous cellulose acetate into a mechanically robust nanocomposite cellulose/calcium scaffold. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 253:117191. [PMID: 33278968 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose and its derivatives are widely used as nanofibrous biomaterials, but obtaining 3D cellulose nanofibers is difficult and relevant research is scarce. In the present study, we propose a simple method for converting electrospun 3D cellulose acetate/lactic acid nanofibers via calcium hydroxide treatment into a 3D cellulose/calcium lactate nanocomposite matrix. The conversion resulted in producing a stronger nanofibrous matrix (1.382 MPa vs. 0.112 MPa) that is more hydrophilic and cell-friendly compared to the untreated cellulose acetate/lactic acid group. The successful conversion was verified via FTIR, XPS, TGA, DTG, and XRD. The ability of the scaffolds to provide a suitable environment for cell growth and infiltration was verified by CCK assay and confocal microscopy. The porous nature, mechanical strength, and presence of calcium make the 3D cellulose/calcium lactate matrix a promising material for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Lee
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Yeon Moon
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Lee
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae In Hwang
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hee Park
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cheol Sang Kim
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Fatima A, Yasir S, Khan MS, Manan S, Ullah MW, Ul-Islam M. Plant extract-loaded bacterial cellulose composite membrane for potential biomedical applications. JOURNAL OF BIORESOURCES AND BIOPRODUCTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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16
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Shavandi A, Hosseini S, Okoro OV, Nie L, Eghbali Babadi F, Melchels F. 3D Bioprinting of Lignocellulosic Biomaterials. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2001472. [PMID: 33103365 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The interest in bioprinting of sustainable biomaterials is rapidly growing, and lignocellulosic biomaterials have a unique role in this development. Lignocellulosic materials are biocompatible and possess tunable mechanical properties, and therefore promising for use in the field of 3D-printed biomaterials. This review aims to spotlight the recent progress on the application of different lignocellulosic materials (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) from various sources (wood, bacteria, and fungi) in different forms (including nanocrystals and nanofibers in 3D bioprinting). Their crystallinity, leading to water insolubility and the presence of suspended nanostructures, makes these polymers stand out among hydrogel-forming biomaterials. These unique structures give rise to favorable properties such as high ink viscosity and strength and toughness of the final hydrogel, even when used at low concentrations. In this review, the application of lignocellulosic polymers with other components in inks is reported for 3D bioprinting and identified supercritical CO2 as a potential sterilization method for 3D-printed cellulosic materials. This review also focuses on the areas of potential development by highlighting the opportunities and unmet challenges such as the need for standardization of the production, biocompatibility, and biodegradability of the cellulosic materials that underscore the direction of future research into the 3D biofabrication of cellulose-based biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Shavandi
- BioMatter–Biomass Transformation Lab (BTL), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles Université Libre de Bruxelles Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50‐CP 165/61 Brussels 1050 Belgium
| | - Soraya Hosseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi 62102 Taiwan
| | - Oseweuba Valentine Okoro
- Department of Process Engineering Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1 Matieland 7602 South Africa
| | - Lei Nie
- College of Life Sciences Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 China
| | - Farahnaz Eghbali Babadi
- Bio‐Circular‐Green‐economy Technology & Engineering Center BCGeTEC Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Phayathai Road Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Ferry Melchels
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot‐Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK
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17
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Oprea M, Voicu SI. Cellulose Composites with Graphene for Tissue Engineering Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E5347. [PMID: 33255827 PMCID: PMC7728350 DOI: 10.3390/ma13235347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary field that combines principles of engineering and life sciences to obtain biomaterials capable of maintaining, improving, or substituting the function of various tissues or even an entire organ. In virtue of its high availability, biocompatibility and versatility, cellulose was considered a promising platform for such applications. The combination of cellulose with graphene or graphene derivatives leads to the obtainment of superior composites in terms of cellular attachment, growth and proliferation, integration into host tissue, and stem cell differentiation toward specific lineages. The current review provides an up-to-date summary of the status of the field of cellulose composites with graphene for tissue engineering applications. The preparation methods and the biological performance of cellulose paper, bacterial cellulose, and cellulose derivatives-based composites with graphene, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide were mainly discussed. The importance of the cellulose-based matrix and the contribution of graphene and graphene derivatives fillers as well as several key applications of these hybrid materials, particularly for the development of multifunctional scaffolds for cell culture, bone and neural tissue regeneration were also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina Oprea
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gheorghe Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Stefan Ioan Voicu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gheorghe Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gheorghe Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
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18
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Samadian H, Maleki H, Allahyari Z, Jaymand M. Natural polymers-based light-induced hydrogels: Promising biomaterials for biomedical applications. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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19
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Sajjad W, He F, Ullah MW, Ikram M, Shah SM, Khan R, Khan T, Khalid A, Yang G, Wahid F. Fabrication of Bacterial Cellulose-Curcumin Nanocomposite as a Novel Dressing for Partial Thickness Skin Burn. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:553037. [PMID: 33072719 PMCID: PMC7531241 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.553037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to fabricate curcumin-loaded bacterial cellulose (BC-Cur) nanocomposite as a potential wound dressing for partial thickness burns by utilizing the therapeutic features of curcumin and unique structural, physico-chemical, and biological features of bacterial cellulose (BC). Characterization analyses confirmed the successful impregnation of curcumin into the BC matrix. Biocompatibility studies showed the better attachment and proliferation of fibroblast cells on the BC-Cur nanocomposite. The antibacterial potential of curcumin was tested against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium), and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Wound healing analysis of partial-thickness burns in Balbc mice showed an accelerated wound closure up to 64.25% after 15 days in the BC-Cur nanocomposite treated group. Histological studies showed healthy granulation tissues, fine re-epithelialization, vascularization, and resurfacing of wound bed in the BC-Cur nanocomposite group. These results indicate that combining BC with curcumin significantly improved the healing pattern. Thus, it can be concluded that the fabricated biomaterial could provide a base for the development of promising alternatives for the conventional dressing system in treating burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Sajjad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Feng He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, China
| | - Muhammad Wajid Ullah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Masood Shah
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Romana Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Taous Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Khalid
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fazli Wahid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur, Pakistan
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20
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Unal S, Arslan S, Karademir Yilmaz B, Kazan D, Oktar FN, Gunduz O. Glioblastoma cell adhesion properties through bacterial cellulose nanocrystals in polycaprolactone/gelatin electrospun nanofibers. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 233:115820. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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21
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Chawla D, Kaur T, Joshi A, Singh N. 3D bioprinted alginate-gelatin based scaffolds for soft tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 144:560-567. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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22
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Wesołowska-Trojanowska M, Tomczyńska-Mleko M, Terpiłowski K, Muszyński S, Nishinari K, Nastaj M, Mleko S. Co-gelation of gluten and gelatin as a novel functional material formation method. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 57:163-172. [PMID: 31975719 PMCID: PMC6952520 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-04042-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gelatin solution was added to the gluten dispersion to obtain 25% protein from gluten and 0, 0.3, 0.6 and 1.0% of gelatin. Heat-induced gels were formed. The gelatin was leached by immersing the gel straps in distilled water at 45 °C for 2 h. Incorporation of gelatin into the gluten gel matrix resulted in its strengthening. Increase in elastic properties with the increasing amount of gelatin was also found for the macerated gels. The tangent delta showed the minimum for the leached gel with the initial concentration of gelatin 0.6%, so probably at this concentration there was some reinforcement of gluten, or the structure of gluten matrix was formed with the best ability to include gelatin inside. FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) results showed, that at the 0.6% gelatin concentration more gelatin was present in the leached samples than in the 1% gelatin added samples. Gelatin gels can act as an active filler reinforcing the gluten microstructure. Leaching of gelatin from the mixed gel matrix resulted in the microstructure with visible phase separation. Generally gelatin addition gave a surface smoothing effect and lower surface roughness of the obtained gels. Pure gluten gels soaking in hot water resulted in the decreased roughness. Possibility of manipulation with gluten gels surface roughness by co-gelling with gelatin can have an influence on the application of such gels as matrices for active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Wesołowska-Trojanowska
- 1Department of Biotechnology, Human Nutrition and Food Commodity Science, University of Life Sciences, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Tomczyńska-Mleko
- 2Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka Street 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Konrad Terpiłowski
- 3Department of Physical Chemistry-Interfacial Phenomena, Maria Curie Skłodowska University, M. Curie Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Siemowit Muszyński
- 4Department of Physics, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka Street 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Katsuyoshi Nishinari
- 5Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloids Research Centre, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Maciej Nastaj
- 6Department of Milk Technology and Hydrocolloids, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
| | - Stanisław Mleko
- 6Department of Milk Technology and Hydrocolloids, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
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23
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Facile Fabrication of Composite Scaffolds for Long-Term Controlled Dual Drug Release. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/3927860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone tuberculosis (TB) caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis continues to present a formidable challenge to humans. To effectively cure serious bone TB, a novel kind of composite scaffolds with long-term dual drug release behaviours were prepared to satisfy the needs of both bone regeneration and antituberculosis drug therapy. In virtue of an improved O/W emulsion technique, water-soluble isoniazid (INH)-loaded gelatin microparticles were obtained by tailoring the content of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), which played significant roles in INH entrapment efficiency and drug release behaviours. By mixing with the poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (b-PLGC) solution containing oil-soluble rifampicin (RFP) via the particle leaching combined with phase separation technique, the dual drugs-loaded composite scaffolds were fabricated, which possessed interconnected porous structures and achieved the steady release of INH and RFP drugs for three months. Moreover, this dual drugs-loaded system could basically achieve their expectant roles of respective drugs without obvious influences with each other. This strategy on preparation of intelligent composite scaffolds with the multi-drugs loading capacity and controlled long-term release behaviour will be potential and promising substrates in clinical treatment of bone tuberculosis.
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24
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Mazhar Ul-Islam. Comparative Synthesis and Characterization of Bio-Cellulose from Local Waste and Cheap Resources. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:3664-3671. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825999191011104722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Bacterial cellulose (BC) has been extensively utilized in a wide range of applications
specifically in the biomedical field thanks to its excellent physico-chemical and biological features. The major
limitation restricting its application in certain areas is its high production cost. Its widespread applications demand
exploration of alternative production media compared to the existing expensive ones. Herein, an effort has
been made to utilize waste and cheaply available local resources including; waste (expired) orange juice (WOJ),
sugarcane juice (SC) and coconut water (CW) as alternative media for BC production in comparison to the synthetic
media (control).
Methods:
Waste and cheap resources were collected from the local market, screened filtered and optimized for
the development of BC culture media. BC production from all media was observed under static cultivation for 10
days. The results indicated 2.75, 2.56, 3.32 and 1.68 g/L BC production that corresponded to 27.5%, 21.7 %, 20.1
% and 31.6 % sugar to BC conversion from control, WOJ, SC and CW media, respectively. Morphology and
crystalline features of produced BC samples were observed through FE-SEM and XRD analysis. It was noteworthy
that BC produced from all alternative sources indicated high water holding capabilities (WHC) and water
retention time (WRT) that augment their applicability in drug delivery and wound healing applications.
Conclusion:
The BC production from cheap resources and its high physical, mechanical and biological properties
can be of high interest for scaling up and commercialization of BC production processes. Furthermore, its liquidabsorbing
capabilities and retention time can help in drug carrying and medical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazhar Ul-Islam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dhofar University, PO Box, 2509, Postal code 211, Salalah, Oman
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25
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Metabolic adaptability shifts of cell membrane fatty acids of Komagataeibacter hansenii HDM1-3 improve acid stress resistance and survival in acidic environments. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 46:1491-1503. [PMID: 31512094 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-019-02225-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Komagataeibacter hansenii HDM1-3 (K. hansenii HDM1-3) has been widely applied for producing bacterial cellulose (BC). The yield of BC has been frequently limited by the acidification during sugar metabolism, due to the generation of organic acids such as acetic acid. In this study, the acid resistance mechanism of K. hansenii HDM1-3 has been investigated from the aspect of metabolic adaptability of cell membrane fatty acids. Firstly, we observed that the survival rate of K. hansenii HDM1-3 was decreased with lowered pH values (adjusted with acetic acids), accompanied by increased leakage rate. Secondly, the cell membrane adaptability in response to acid stress was evaluated, including the variations of cell membrane fluidity and fatty acid composition. The proportion of unsaturated fatty acids was increased (especially, C18-1w9c and C19-Cyc), unsaturation degree and chain length of fatty acids were also increased. Thirdly, the potential molecular regulation mechanism was further elucidated. Under acid stress, the fatty acid synthesis pathway was involved in the structure and composition variations of fatty acids, which was proved by the activation of both fatty acid dehydrogenase (des) and cyclopropane fatty acid synthase (cfa) genes, as well as the addition of exogenous fatty acids. The fatty acid synthesis of K. hansenii HDM1-3 may be mediated by the activation of two-component sensor signaling pathways in response to the acid stress. The acid resistance mechanism of K. hansenii HDM1-3 adds to our knowledge of the acid stress adaptation, which may facilitate the development of new strategies for improving the industrial performance of this species under acid stress.
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Ul-Islam M, Khan S, Ullah MW, Park JK. Comparative study of plant and bacterial cellulose pellicles regenerated from dissolved states. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 137:247-252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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27
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The remarkable three-dimensional network structure of bacterial cellulose for tissue engineering applications. Int J Pharm 2019; 566:631-640. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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28
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Dutta SD, Patel DK, Lim KT. Functional cellulose-based hydrogels as extracellular matrices for tissue engineering. J Biol Eng 2019; 13:55. [PMID: 31249615 PMCID: PMC6585131 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-019-0177-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose-based hydrogels are immensely important for tissue engineering. In this review, we attempt to document the source, nature, and application of cellulose-based hydrogels as an extracellular matrix for tissue growth and regeneration. Hydrogels can be prepared either from native cellulose, including both bacterial and plant sources or from cellulose derivatives, such as methyl cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose or even metal ions such as silver. Cellulose-polymer composite (polymers that include natural sources including chitosan, starch, alginates, collagen, hyaluronic acid, and chitin) are an attractive, inexpensive, and advantageous structural material that is easy to use. Cellulose-based scaffolding materials are widely used in the regeneration of various tissues, such as bone, cartilage, heart, blood vessel, nerve, and liver, among others. In this review, we discuss the most important applications of cellulosic hydrogels in tissue engineering based on their structural compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Deb Dutta
- Biorobotics Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dinesh K. Patel
- The Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Biorobotics Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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29
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Shi L, Hu Y, Ullah MW, Ullah I, Ou H, Zhang W, Xiong L, Zhang X. Cryogenic free-form extrusion bioprinting of decellularized small intestinal submucosa for potential applications in skin tissue engineering. Biofabrication 2019; 11:035023. [PMID: 30943455 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab15a9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel strategy of cryogenic 3D bioprinting assisted by free-from extrusion printing has been developed and applied to printing of a decellularized small intestinal submucosa (dSIS) slurry. The rheological properties, including kinetic viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G″), were appropriate for free-from extrusion printing of dSIS slurry. Three different groups of scaffolds, including P500, P600, and P700, with filament distances of 500, 600, and 700 μm, respectively were fabricated at a 5 mm s-1 working velocity of the platform (V xy) and 25 kPa air pressure of the dispensing system (P) at -20 °C. The fabricated scaffolds were crosslinked via 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) which resulted in a polyporous microstructure. The variations in the filament diameter and pore size were evaluated in the initial frozen state after printing, the lyophilized state, and after immersion in a PBS solution. The Young's modulus of the P500, P600, and P700 scaffolds was measured in wet and dry states for EDC-crosslinked scaffolds. The cell experiment results showed improved cell adhesion, viability, and proliferation both on the surface and within the scaffold, indicating the biocompatibility and suitability of the scaffold for 3D cell models. Further, gene and protein expression of normal skin fibroblasts on dSIS scaffolds demonstrated their ability to promote the production of some extracellular matrix proteins (i.e. collagen I, collagen III, and fibronectin) in vitro. Overall, this study presents a new potential strategy, by combining cryogenic 3D bioprinting with decellularized extracellular matrix materials, to manufacture ideal scaffolds for skin tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die/Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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30
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Campuzano S, Pelling AE. Scaffolds for 3D Cell Culture and Cellular Agriculture Applications Derived From Non-animal Sources. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2019.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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31
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Ye S, Jiang L, Su C, Zhu Z, Wen Y, Shao W. Development of gelatin/bacterial cellulose composite sponges as potential natural wound dressings. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 133:148-155. [PMID: 30991065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A novel BG composite sponge comprising of bacterial cellulose (BC) and gelatin has been synthesized using glutaraldehyde as the cross-linker by a facile method. The morphology, chemical composition and structures of the novel sponges were characterized by SEM, EDS and FTIR spectroscopy. The fabricated BG sponges have regular honeycomb-like structure with uniform pore distribution and large surface area. They have very high porosity of 94%-95% and great swelling property ranging from 3000 to 3150%. Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. More interestingly, antibacterial activity of BG sponges was investigated by diffusion disk method against E.coli, C. albicans and S. aureus. The results demonstrated that the obtained BG sponges exhibit excellent antibacterial activity, thus making them have great potentials in various antibacterial applications, especially in the wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Ye
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Lei Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Chen Su
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Zhongjie Zhu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Yanyi Wen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Wei Shao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China; Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry & Utilization of Agricultural and Forest Biomass, PR China; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China.
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Gorgieva S, Hribernik S. Microstructured and Degradable Bacterial Cellulose⁻Gelatin Composite Membranes: Mineralization Aspects and Biomedical Relevance. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E303. [PMID: 30813312 PMCID: PMC6409525 DOI: 10.3390/nano9020303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC)⁻gelatin (GEL) membranes were processed by successive periodate oxidation and a freeze-thawing/carbodiimide crosslinking procedure, first facilitating a Schiff-base reaction among respective aldehyde and hydroxyl groups, and later GEL stabilization and microstructuring. The formation of highly microporous structures within the GEL portion, with significant differences between bottom and top, was elucidated, and pores in the 27.6 ± 3 µm⁻108 ± 5 µm range were generated, exceeding the threshold value of ~10 µm sufficient for cell trafficking. During a relatively short (6 h) exhaustion procedure in supersaturated simulated body fluid solution, the membranes accommodated the combination of biologically relevant minerals, i.e., flake-like octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and (amorphous) apatite, onto their surface, forming a membrane with intensive swelling (650⁻1650%) and up to 90% weight loss in a 4-week period. The membranes´ 6-day eluates did not evoke any cytotoxic effects toward human fibroblast, MRC-5 cells. The same type of cells retained their morphology in direct contact with the membrane, attaching to the GEL porous site, while not attaching to the GEL thin-coated BC side, most probably due to combined, ablation effect of dominant β-sheet conformation and carbodiimide crosslinking. Together with arrested proliferation through the BC side, the membranes demonstrated beneficial properties for potential guided tissue regeneration (GTR) applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selestina Gorgieva
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Silvo Hribernik
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
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Bacterial Cellulose-Based Hydrogels: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications. POLYMERS AND POLYMERIC COMPOSITES: A REFERENCE SERIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-77830-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Afewerki S, Sheikhi A, Kannan S, Ahadian S, Khademhosseini A. Gelatin-polysaccharide composite scaffolds for 3D cell culture and tissue engineering: Towards natural therapeutics. Bioeng Transl Med 2019; 4:96-115. [PMID: 30680322 PMCID: PMC6336672 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gelatin is a promising material as scaffold with therapeutic and regenerative characteristics due to its chemical similarities to the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the native tissues, biocompatibility, biodegradability, low antigenicity, cost-effectiveness, abundance, and accessible functional groups that allow facile chemical modifications with other biomaterials or biomolecules. Despite the advantages of gelatin, poor mechanical properties, sensitivity to enzymatic degradation, high viscosity, and reduced solubility in concentrated aqueous media have limited its applications and encouraged the development of gelatin-based composite hydrogels. The drawbacks of gelatin may be surmounted by synergistically combining it with a wide range of polysaccharides. The addition of polysaccharides to gelatin is advantageous in mimicking the ECM, which largely contains proteoglycans or glycoproteins. Moreover, gelatin-polysaccharide biomaterials benefit from mechanical resilience, high stability, low thermal expansion, improved hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, and wound healing potential. Here, we discuss how combining gelatin and polysaccharides provides a promising approach for developing superior therapeutic biomaterials. We review gelatin-polysaccharides scaffolds and their applications in cell culture and tissue engineering, providing an outlook for the future of this family of biomaterials as advanced natural therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson Afewerki
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Dept. of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA 02142
- Harvard‐MIT Division of Health Sciences and TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139
| | - Amir Sheikhi
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Dept. of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA 02142
- Harvard‐MIT Division of Health Sciences and TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C‐MIT)University of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI)University of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095
- Dept. of BioengineeringUniversity of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095
| | - Soundarapandian Kannan
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Dept. of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA 02142
- Harvard‐MIT Division of Health Sciences and TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139
- Nanomedicine Division, Dept. of ZoologyPeriyar UniversitySalemTamil NaduIndia
| | - Samad Ahadian
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C‐MIT)University of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI)University of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095
- Dept. of BioengineeringUniversity of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Dept. of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA 02142
- Harvard‐MIT Division of Health Sciences and TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C‐MIT)University of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI)University of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095
- Dept. of BioengineeringUniversity of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095
- Dept. of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095
- Dept. of Bioindustrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and TechnologyKonkuk UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
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Polysaccharides for tissue engineering: Current landscape and future prospects. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 205:601-625. [PMID: 30446147 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Biological studies on the importance of carbohydrate moieties in tissue engineering have incited a growing interest in the application of polysaccharides as scaffolds over the past two decades. This review provides a perspective of the recent approaches in developing polysaccharide scaffolds, with a focus on their chemical modification, structural versatility, and biological applicability. The current major limitations are assessed, including structural reproducibility, the narrow scope of polysaccharide modifications being applied, and the effective replication of the extracellular environment. Areas with opportunities for further development are addressed with an emphasis on the application of rationally designed polysaccharides and their importance in elucidating the molecular interactions necessary to properly design tissue engineering materials.
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Preparation and structural characterization of surface modified microporous bacterial cellulose scaffolds: A potential material for skin regeneration applications in vitro and in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:1200-1210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Loh EYX, Mohamad N, Fauzi MB, Ng MH, Ng SF, Mohd Amin MCI. Development of a bacterial cellulose-based hydrogel cell carrier containing keratinocytes and fibroblasts for full-thickness wound healing. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2875. [PMID: 29440678 PMCID: PMC5811544 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21174-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC)/acrylic acid (AA) hydrogel has successfully been investigated as a wound dressing for partial-thickness burn wound. It is also a promising biomaterial cell carrier because it bears some resemblance to the natural soft tissue. This study assessed its ability to deliver human epidermal keratinocytes (EK) and dermal fibroblasts (DF) for the treatment of full-thickness skin lesions. In vitro studies demonstrated that BC/AA hydrogel had excellent cell attachment, maintained cell viability with limited migration, and allowed cell transfer. In vivo wound closure, histological, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy evaluation revealed that hydrogel alone (HA) and hydrogel with cells (HC) accelerated wound healing compared to the untreated controls. Gross appearance and Masson's trichrome staining indicated that HC was better than HA. This study suggests the potential application of BC/AA hydrogel with dual functions, as a cell carrier and wound dressing, to promote full-thickness wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Yun Xi Loh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia
| | - Najwa Mohamad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyberjaya University College of Medical Sciences, 3410, Jalan Teknokrat 3, Cyber 4, Cyberjaya, Selangor, 63000, Malaysia
| | - Mh Busra Fauzi
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Min Hwei Ng
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Shiow Fern Ng
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia.
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Three-dimensional printing of alginate-gelatin-agar scaffolds using free-form motor assisted microsyringe extrusion system. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-018-1455-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Savitskaya I, Kistaubayeva A, Digel I, Shokatayeva D. Physicochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Composite Films Based on Bacterial Cellulose and Chitosan for Wound Dressing Materials. EURASIAN CHEMICO-TECHNOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.18321/ectj670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
New bacterial cellulose/chitosan (BC/Ch) nanocomposite films were obtained using a simple procedure by immersing BC synthesized by Komagataeibacter xylinus in 1% acetic acid solutions of Ch with the degree of deacetylation 75‒85% of medium molecular weight. The BC and BC/Ch composites chemical composition was examined by FTIR, the mechanical properties by a tensile tester, surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy, and antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa by diffusion and joint incubation methods. The FTIR spectra indicated the intermolecular interaction between BC and Ch. Due to addition of 0.6% (w/v) Ch, the films of BC/Ch become more homogeneous with a significantly denser fibril structure, smaller pore diameter and higher surface area in comparison to those of pure BC films. Micro- (15‒35 nm) and macrofibrils (50‒150 nm) in both BC and BC/Ch films are joined in ribbon-like fibers, providing a high degree of mechanical strength (Young’s modulus: 33‒36 MPa, tensile strength and elongation et break: 17, 22 MPa). The obtained hybrid material is transparent, flexible and displays good water absorption capacity and water vapor permeability. The films have reasonable thermal stability to be in contact with body or during steam sterilization, since maximum degradation temperature (Td) of both biocomposites is around 400‒600 °C. The disc diffusion method confirmed that the BC/Ch films have predominantly non-diffusible antibacterial properties. Antibacterial assessment by the joint incubation method proved that addition of Ch to BC films resulted in significant growth inhibition against target bacteria. The BC/Ch biocomposites’ notable properties make them suitable for wound healing applications.
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