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Ghoniem SM, ElZorkany HE, Hagag NM, El-Deeb AH, Shahein MA, Hussein HA. Development of multiplex gold nanoparticles biosensors for ultrasensitive detection and genotyping of equine herpes viruses. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15140. [PMID: 37704638 PMCID: PMC10500010 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41918-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) biosensors can detect low viral loads and differentiate between viruses types, enabling early diagnosis and effective disease management. In the present study, we developed GNPs biosensors with two different capping agent, citrate-GNPs biosensors and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-GNPs biosensors for detection of EHV-1 and EHV-4 in multiplex real time PCR (rPCR). Citrate-GNPs and PVP-GNPs biosensors can detect dilution 1010 of EHV-1 with mean Cycle threshold (Ct) 11.7 and 9.6, respectively and one copy as limit of detection, while citrate-GNPs and PVP-GNPs biosensors can detect dilution 1010 of EHV-4 with mean Ct 10.5 and 9.2, respectively and one copy as limit of detection. These findings were confirmed by testing 87 different clinical samples, 4 more samples were positive with multiplex GNPs biosensors rPCR than multiplex rPCR. Multiplex citrate-GNPs and PVP-GNPs biosensors for EHV-1 and EHV-4 are a significant breakthrough in the diagnosis of these virus types. These biosensors offer high sensitivity and specificity, allowing for the accurate detection of the target viruses at very low concentrations and improve the early detection of EHV-1 and EHV-4, leading to faster control of infected animals to prevent the spread of these viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa M Ghoniem
- Department of Virology, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, 12618, Egypt
| | - Heba E ElZorkany
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, 12619, Egypt
| | - Naglaa M Hagag
- Genome Research Unit, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, 12618, Egypt
| | - Ayman H El-Deeb
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, P.O. Box 12211, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Momtaz A Shahein
- Department of Virology, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, 12618, Egypt
| | - Hussein A Hussein
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, P.O. Box 12211, Giza, Egypt.
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2
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Ohshima H. Transient Gel Electrophoresis of a Spherical Colloidal Particle. Gels 2023; 9:gels9050356. [PMID: 37232948 DOI: 10.3390/gels9050356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The general theory is developed for the time-dependent transient electrophoresis of a weakly charged spherical colloidal particle with an electrical double layer of arbitrary thickness in an uncharged or charged polymer gel medium. The Laplace transform of the transient electrophoretic mobility of the particle with respect to time is derived by considering the long-range hydrodynamic interaction between the particle and the polymer gel medium on the basis of the Brinkman-Debye-Bueche model. According to the obtained Laplace transform of the particle's transient electrophoretic mobility, the transient gel electrophoretic mobility approaches the steady gel electrophoretic mobility as time approaches infinity. The present theory of the transient gel electrophoresis also covers the transient free-solution electrophoresis as its limiting case. It is shown that the relaxation time for the transient gel electrophoretic mobility to reach its steady value is shorter than that of the transient free-solution electrophoretic mobility and becomes shorter as the Brinkman screening length decreases. Some limiting or approximate expressions are derived for the Laplace transform of the transient gel electrophoretic mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Ohshima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
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3
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Sambamoorthy S, Chu HCW. Diffusiophoresis of a spherical particle in porous media. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:1131-1143. [PMID: 36683469 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01620f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recent experiments by Doan et al. (Nano Lett., 2021, 21, 7625-7630) demonstrated and measured colloid diffusiophoresis in porous media but existing theories cannot predict the observed colloid motion. Here, using regular perturbation method, we develop a mathematical model that can predict the diffusiophoretic motion of a charged colloidal particle driven by a binary monovalent electrolyte concentration gradient in a porous medium. The porous medium is modeled as a Brinkman medium with a constant Darcy permeability. The linearized Poisson-Boltzmann equation is employed to model the equilibrium electric potential distribution that is driven out-of-equilibrium under diffusiophoresis. We report three key findings. First, we demonstrate that colloid diffusiophoresis could be drastically hindered in a porous medium due to the additional hydrodynamic drag compared to diffusiophoresis in a free electrolyte solution. Second, we show that the variation of the diffusiophoretic motion with respect to a change in the electrolyte concentration in a porous medium could be qualitatively different from that in a free electrolyte solution. Third, our results match quantitatively with experimental measurements, highlighting the predictive power of the present model. The mathematical model developed here could be employed to design diffusiophoretic colloid transport in porous media, which are central to applications such as nanoparticle drug delivery and enhanced oil recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henry C W Chu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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4
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Barasinski M, Garnweitner G. Aufreinigung von Nano‐ und Submikronpartikeln durch präparative Gelelektrophorese. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202200134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthäus Barasinski
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institut für Partikeltechnik und Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology 38104 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Georg Garnweitner
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institut für Partikeltechnik und Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology 38104 Braunschweig Deutschland
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Sarkar S, Ohshima H, Gopmandal PP. Gel Electrophoresis of a Hydrophobic Liquid Droplet with an Equipotential Slip Surface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:8943-8953. [PMID: 35830337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A theoretical study has been carried out on the electrophoresis of charged dielectric liquid droplets with an equipotential and hydrodynamically slipping surface moving in a quenched polymeric charged hydrogel medium. The liquid inside the droplet is electrically neutral. The Brinkman-Debye-Bueche model is employed to study the gel electrophoresis of such a hydrophobic and equipotential liquid droplet considering the long-range hydrodynamic interaction between a migrating droplet and the gel skeleton. Within the weak field and Debye-Hückel electrostatic framework, we derive an original closed-form expression for electrophoretic mobility, which further recovers the existing mobility expressions derived under several limiting conditions. The derived expressions for electrophoretic mobility explicitly involve exponential integrals, which are not so convenient for practical applications. Thus, the exact forms of the electrophoretic mobility under various electrohydrodynamic conditions are further approximated to make them free from exponential integrals. The approximate forms are found to be in excellent agreement with the exact results with maximum relative errors of about 1.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Sarkar
- Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata - 700108, India
| | - H Ohshima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Partha P Gopmandal
- Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur - 713209, India
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6
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Gopmandal PP, Bhattacharyya S, Ohshima H. A simplified model for gel electrophoresis of a hydrophobic rigid colloid. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:5700-5710. [PMID: 34008689 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00462j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electrophoresis of a charged dielectric hydrophobic colloid embedded in a charged hydrogel medium is addressed. A slip velocity condition at the particle surface is considered. The characteristic of the gel electrophoresis is different compared with the free-solution electrophoresis due to the presence of immobile charges of the gel medium, which induces a strong background electroosmotic flow and modifies the Debye layer of the colloid. The gel electrophoresis of the dielectric hydrophobic charged colloid is made based on first-order perturbation analysis. A closed form solution involving simple exponential integrals for the mobility is derived, which reduces to several existing mobility expressions under limiting conditions such as for the gel electrophoresis of hydrophilic particles and a hydrophobic colloid in free-solution electrophoresis. We find that the mobility reversal is achieved by varying the Debye length or gel permeability. For the present first-order perturbation analysis, unlike free-solution electrophoresis, the particle dielectric permittivity is found to influence the mobility. One of the intriguing features of the present study is the derivation of the simplified mobility expression, which can be easily computed for a given set of parameter values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha P Gopmandal
- Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur-713209, India.
| | - S Bhattacharyya
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India
| | - H Ohshima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
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8
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Campos DA, Schaumann GE, Philippe A. Natural TiO 2-Nanoparticles in Soils: A Review on Current and Potential Extraction Methods. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 52:1-21. [PMID: 33054361 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1823812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The monitoring of anthropogenic TiO2-nanoparticles in soils is challenged by the knowledge gap on their characteristics of the large natural TiO2-nanoparticle pool. Currently, no efficient method is available for characterizing natural TiO2-nanoparticles in soils without an extraction procedure. Considering the reported diversity of extraction methods, the following article reviews and discusses their potential for TiO2 from soils, focusing on the selectivity and the applicability to complex samples. It is imperative to develop a preparative step reducing analytical interferences and producing a stable colloidal dispersion. It is suggested that an oxidative treatment, followed by alkaline conditioning and the application of dispersive agents, achieve such task. This enables the further separation and characterization through size or surface-based separation (i.e., hydrodynamic fractionation methods, filtration or sequential centrifugation). Meanwhile, cloud point extraction, gel electrophoresis, and electrophoretic deposition have been studied on various nanoparticles but not on TiO2-nanoparticles. Furthermore, industrially applied methods in, for example, kaolin processing (flotation and flocculation) are interesting but require further improvements on terms of selectivity and applicability to soil samples. Overall, none of the current extraction methods is sufficient toward TiO2; however, further optimization or combination of orthogonal techniques could help reaching a fair selectivity toward TiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Armando Campos
- iES, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Group of Environmental and Soil Chemistry, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Gabriele Ellen Schaumann
- iES, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Group of Environmental and Soil Chemistry, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Allan Philippe
- iES, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Group of Environmental and Soil Chemistry, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
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9
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Zhang Y, Deng Z, Lou D, Wang Y, Wang R, Hu R, Zhang X, Zhu Q, Chen Y, Liu F. High-Efficiency Separation of Extracellular Vesicles from Lipoproteins in Plasma by Agarose Gel Electrophoresis. Anal Chem 2020; 92:7493-7499. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zaian Deng
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- College of Health Science and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518118, China
| | - Doudou Lou
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xueer Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Qingfu Zhu
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yuchao Chen
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Fei Liu
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
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10
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Electrophoresis of composite soft particles with differentiated core and shell permeabilities to ions and fluid flow. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 558:280-290. [PMID: 31593861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.09.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Within the framework of analytical theories for soft surface electrophoresis, soft particles are classically defined by a hard impermeable core of given surface charge density surrounded by a polyelectrolyte shell layer permeable to both electroosmotic flow and ions from background electrolyte. This definition excludes practical core-shell particles, e.g. dendrimers, viruses or multi-layered polymeric particles, defined by a polyelectrolytic core where structural charges are distributed and where counter-ions concentration and electroosmotic flow velocity can be significant. Whereas a number of important approximate expressions has been derived for the electrophoretic mobility of hard and soft particles, none of them is applicable to such generic composite core-shell particles with differentiated ions- and fluid flow-permeabilities of their core and shell components. In this work, we elaborate an original closed-form electrophoretic mobility expression for this generic composite particle type within the Debye-Hückel electrostatic framework and thin double layer approximation. The expression explicitly involves the screening Debye layer thickness and the Brinkman core and shell hydrodynamic length scales, which favors so-far missing analysis of the respective core and shell contributions to overall particle mobility. Limits of this expression successfully reproduce results from Ohshima's electrophoresis theory solely applicable to soft particles with or without hard core.
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11
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Ohshima H. Gel electrophoresis of a soft particle. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 271:101977. [PMID: 31352312 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A review is given on the theory of the gel electrophoresis of a spherical soft particle, i.e., the electrophoresis of a spherical hard particle covered with an ion-penetrable surface layer of polyelectrolytes moving in a polymer gel medium, which may either be charged or uncharged. A detailed study is made on the fundamental electrokinetic equations describing the soft-particle gel electrophoresis due to the long-range hydrodynamic particle-gel interaction on the basis of the Brinkman-Debye-Bueche model. A general expression and several approximate analytic expressions are given for the electrophoretic mobility of a soft particle in a polymer gel medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Ohshima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
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12
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Cao W, Chern M, Dennis AM, Brown KA. Measuring Nanoparticle Polarizability Using Fluorescence Microscopy. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:5762-5768. [PMID: 31309825 PMCID: PMC7271685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Using a novel method developed to quantify the polarizability of photoluminescent nanoparticles in water, we present experimental observations of the extraordinary polarizability exhibited by nanoparticles of commensurate size with the Debye screening length, confirming previously reported theory. Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are ideal model nanoparticles to demonstrate this assay, due to their tunable size and bright photoluminescence. This assay is based upon microfluidic chambers with microelectrodes that generate trapping potentials that are weaker than thermal energy. By comparing the local electric field strength and variations in QD concentration, their polarizability was computed and found to agree with estimates based upon the hydrodynamic diameter found using light scattering. Strikingly, the polarizability of the nanoparticles increased 30-fold in low salt conditions compared to high salt conditions due to the increased thickness of the Debye layer relative to the particle radius. In addition to providing evidence that corroborates theoretical work studying direct solutions to the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations, these observations provide an explanation for the previously observed conductivity dependence of biomolecule polarizability. As the polarizability of nanoparticles is of high importance to the electrically directed assembly of particles, as well as their interactions with other materials in complex environments, we anticipate that these results will be highly relevant to ongoing efforts in materials by design and nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Cao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Margaret Chern
- Division of Materials Science & Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Allison M. Dennis
- Division of Materials Science & Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Keith A. Brown
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Division of Materials Science & Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Physics Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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13
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Electrophoretic mobility of a charged spherical colloidal particle in an uncharged or charged polymer gel medium. Colloid Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-019-04485-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Nath P, Mangal R, Kohle F, Choudhury S, Narayanan S, Wiesner U, Archer LA. Dynamics of Nanoparticles in Entangled Polymer Solutions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:241-249. [PMID: 29192503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The mean square displacement ⟨r2⟩ of nanoparticle probes dispersed in simple isotropic liquids and in polymer solutions is interrogated using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and single-particle tracking (SPT) experiments. Probe dynamics in different regimes of particle diameter (d), relative to characteristic polymer length scales, including the correlation length (ξ), the entanglement mesh size (a), and the radius of gyration (Rg), are investigated. In simple fluids and for polymer solutions in which d ≫ Rg, long-time particle dynamics obey random-walk statistics ⟨r2⟩:t, with the bulk zero-shear viscosity of the polymer solution determining the frictional resistance to particle motion. In contrast, in polymer solutions with d < Rg, polymer molecules in solution exert noncontinuum resistances to particle motion and nanoparticle probes appear to interact hydrodynamically only with a local fluid medium with effective drag comparable to that of a solution of polymer chain segments with sizes similar to those of the nanoparticle probes. Under these conditions, the nanoparticles exhibit orders of magnitude faster dynamics than those expected from continuum predictions based on the Stokes-Einstein relation. SPT measurements further show that when d > a, nanoparticle dynamics transition from diffusive to subdiffusive on long timescales, reminiscent of particle transport in a field with obstructions. This last finding is in stark contrast to the nanoparticle dynamics observed in entangled polymer melts, where X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy measurements reveal faster but hyperdiffusive dynamics. We analyze these results with the help of the hopping model for particle dynamics in polymers proposed by Cai et al. and, on that basis, discuss the physical origins of the local drag experienced by the nanoparticles in entangled polymer solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rahul Mangal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | | | | | - Suresh Narayanan
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60349, United States
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15
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Bikos DA, Mason TG. Influence of ionic constituents and electrical conductivity on the propagation of charged nanoscale objects in passivated gel electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:394-405. [PMID: 29114908 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
When determining the electric field E acting on charged objects in gel electrophoresis, the electrical conductivity of the buffer solution is often overlooked; E is typically calculated by dividing the applied voltage by a separation distance between electrodes. However, as a consequence of electrolytic reactions, which occur at the electrodes, gradients in the ionic content of the buffer solution and its conductivity can potentially develop over time, thereby impacting E and affecting propagation velocities of charged objects, v, directly. Here, we explore how the types and concentrations of ionic constituents of the buffer solution, which largely control its conductivity, when used in passivated gel electrophoresis (P-gelEP), can influence E, thereby altering v of charged nanospheres propagating through large-pore gels. We measure the conductivity of the buffer solution in the center of the gel region near propagating bands of nanospheres, and we show that predictions of E based on conductivity closely correlate with v. We also explore P-gelEP involving two different types of passivation agents: nonionic polyethylene glycol (PEG) and anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Our observations indicate that using a conductivity model to determine E from the local current density and the conductivity where spheres are propagating can lead to a better estimate than the standard approach of a voltage divided by a separation. Moreover, this conductivity model also provides a starting point for interpreting the complex behavior created by amphiphilic ionic passivation agents, such as SDS, on propagating nanospheres used in some P-gelEP experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri A Bikos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California- Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas G Mason
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California- Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California- Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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16
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Majee PS, Bhattacharyya S, Gopmandal PP, Ohshima H. On gel electrophoresis of dielectric charged particles with hydrophobic surface: A combined theoretical and numerical study. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:794-806. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Partha Sarathi Majee
- Department of Mathematics; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; Kharagpur, West Bengal India
| | - Somnath Bhattacharyya
- Department of Mathematics; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; Kharagpur, West Bengal India
| | | | - Hiroyuki Ohshima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tokyo University of Science Noda; Chiba Japan
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17
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Cervantes-Salguero K, Kawamata I, Nomura SIM, Murata S. Unzipping and shearing DNA with electrophoresed nanoparticles in hydrogels. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:13414-13418. [PMID: 28513698 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02214j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We show electric control of unzipping and shearing dehybridization of a DNA duplex anchored to a hydrogel. Tensile force is applied by electrophoresing (25 V cm-1) gold nanoparticles pulling the DNA duplex. The pulled DNA strand is gradually released from the hydrogel. The unzipping release rate is faster than shearing; for example, 3-fold for a 15 base pair duplex, which helps to design electrically driven DNA devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitel Cervantes-Salguero
- Department of Robotics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-1 Aobayama, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
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18
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Abdelghany TM, Al-Rajhi AMH, Al Abboud MA, Alawlaqi MM, Ganash Magdah A, Helmy EAM, Mabrouk AS. Recent Advances in Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Applications: About Future Directions. A Review. BIONANOSCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-017-0413-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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19
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Fichtner A, Jalil A, Pyell U. Determination of the Exact Particle Radius Distribution for Silica Nanoparticles via Capillary Electrophoresis and Modeling the Electrophoretic Mobility with a Modified Analytic Approximation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:2325-2339. [PMID: 28194970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b04543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we use aqueous dispersions of amorphous silica nanoparticles of various sizes to investigate whether electropherograms recorded from capillary electrophoresis experiments can be converted directly into exact number-based particle radius distributions, provided that there is a relaxation effect-based size selectivity of the electrophoretic mobility and provided that the electrokinetic potential ζ of the particles can be regarded to be homogeneous over the surface of the particles, independent of the particle size. The results of this conversion procedure are compared with number-based particle radius distributions obtained from a large set of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) data. For this specific example, it is shown that the modified analytic approximation developed by Ohshima adequately describes the mobility-dependent relaxation effect and the electrophoretic mobility of the particle as a function of the reduced hydrodynamic radius and electrokinetic potential, which is a prerequisite for the presented procedure. Simultaneously, we confirmed that for the given Debye length/particle diameter ratio the electrokinetic surface charge density can be regarded to be size-invariant (including spherical geometry and planar limiting case). It is shown that the accuracy of the results of the developed method is comparable to that gained by a large set of TEM data, which is important when a precise description of the particle size distribution is needed to deduce conclusions regarding the underlying mechanism(s) of particle growth. The values obtained for the dispersion (width) of the distribution show only a small negative deviation, when compared with the TEM data (4-16%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fichtner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Marburg , Hans-Meerwein-Straße, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Alaa Jalil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Marburg , Hans-Meerwein-Straße, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Ute Pyell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Marburg , Hans-Meerwein-Straße, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
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Yüce M, Kurt H. How to make nanobiosensors: surface modification and characterisation of nanomaterials for biosensing applications. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10479k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This report aims to provide the audience with a guideline for construction and characterisation of nanobiosensors that are based on widely used affinity probes including antibodies and aptamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meral Yüce
- Sabanci University
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre
- Istanbul
- Turkey
| | - Hasan Kurt
- Istanbul Medipol University
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences
- Istanbul
- Turkey
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21
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Kim S, Wark AW, Lee HJ. Gel electrophoretic analysis of differently shaped interacting and non-interacting bioconjugated nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23948j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gel electrophoresis is demonstrated for monitoring bioaffinity interactions between protein-functionalized nanoparticles featuring different shapes as well as for particle separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhee Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center
- Kyungpook National University
- Daegu-city
- Republic of Korea
| | - Alastair W. Wark
- Centre for Molecular Nanometrology
- WestCHEM
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- Technology and Innovation Centre
- University of Strathclyde
| | - Hye Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center
- Kyungpook National University
- Daegu-city
- Republic of Korea
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