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Novel hybrid composites based on double-decker silsesquioxanes functionalized by methacrylate derivatives and polyvinyl alcohol as potential materials utilized in biomedical applications. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 146:213290. [PMID: 36682203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of diverse biomaterials for regenerative medicine is constantly evolving. Therefore, looking for easy-to-scale-up materials in terms of preparation, less complex composition, and featuring structural and chemical stability seems justified. In this work, we report the preparation of double-decker silsesquioxane-based (DDSQ-based) composites, which, according to our best knowledge, have never been used as biomaterials. A family of methacrylate-substituted DDSQs was obtained starting from the previously reported hydroxyalkyl double-decker silsesquioxanes. In the resulting hybrids, methacrylate groups are attached to each other's lateral silicon atoms of DDSQ in trans positions, providing an excellent geometry for forming thin layers. In contrast to pure organic methacrylates, the covalent bonding of methacrylate derivatives to inorganic silsesquioxane core improves mechanics, cell adhesion, and migration properties. Furthermore, to increase the hydrophilicity of the resulting DDSQ-based hybrids, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was added. The entire system forms an easy-to-obtain two-component (DDSQ-PVA) composite, which was subjected without any upgrading additives to biological tests later in the research. The resulting biomaterials fulfill the requirements for potential medical applications. Human fibroblasts growing on prepared hybrid composites are characterized by proper spindle-shaped morphology, proliferation, and activation status similar to control conditions (cells cultured on PVA), as well as increased adhesion and migration abilities. The obtained results suggest that the prepared biomaterials may be used in regenerative medicine in the future.
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Ojstršek A, Chemelli A, Osmić A, Gorgieva S. Dopamine-Assisted Modification of Polypropylene Film to Attain Hydrophilic Mineral-Rich Surfaces. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040902. [PMID: 36850186 PMCID: PMC9962719 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The presented study focuses on the modification of polypropylene (PP) film with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) under heterogeneous conditions via polydopamine/polyethylene imine (PDA/PEI) chemistry using a facile dip-coating procedure to attain hydrophilic mineral-rich surfaces. Thus, the resulting PP-based films were further immersed in ion-rich simulated body fluid (SBF) to deposit Ca-based minerals onto the film's surfaces efficiently. In addition, the chemical reaction mechanism on PP film was proposed, and mineralisation potential inspected by determination of functional groups of deposits, zeta potential, hydrophilicity and surface morphology/topography using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, streaming potential, water contact angle (WCA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The obtained results show the improved wettability of samples on account of PDA inclusion (WCA was reduced from 103° for pure PP film to 28° for PDA-modified film), as well as the presence of functional groups, due to the PDA/PEI/TEOS surface functionalisation, increased the ability of minerals to nucleate on the PP film's surface when it was exposed to an SBF medium. Moreover, the higher surface roughness due to the silica coatings influenced the enhanced anchoring and attachment of calcium phosphate (CaP), revealing the potential of such a facile approach to modify the chemically inert PP films, being of particular interest in different fields, including regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alenka Ojstršek
- Institute of Engineering Materials and Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Angela Chemelli
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Azra Osmić
- Institute for Automation, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 46, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Selestina Gorgieva
- Institute of Engineering Materials and Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-2-220-7740
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3
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Gritsch L, Bossard C, Jallot E, Jones JR, Lao J. Bioactive glass-based organic/inorganic hybrids: an analysis of the current trends in polymer design and selection. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:519-545. [PMID: 36541433 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02089k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive glass-based organic/inorganic hybrids are a family of materials holding great promise in the biomedical field. Developed from bioactive glasses following recent advances in sol-gel and polymer chemistry, they can overcome many limitations of traditional composites typically used in bone repair and orthopedics. Thanks to their unique molecular structure, hybrids are often characterized by synergistic properties that go beyond a mere combination of their two components; it is possible to synthesize materials with a wide variety of mechanical and biological properties. The polymeric component, in particular, can be tailored to prepare tough, load-bearing materials, or rubber-like elastomers. It can also be a key factor in the determination of a wide range of interesting biological properties. In addition, polymers can also be used within hybrids as carriers for therapeutic ions (although this is normally the role of silica). This review offers a brief look into the history of hybrids, from the discovery of bioactive glasses to the latest developments, with a particular emphasis on polymer design and chemistry. First the benefits and limitations of hybrids will be discussed and compared with those of alternative approaches (for instance, nanocomposites). Then, key advances in the field will be presented focusing on the polymeric component: its chemistry, its physicochemical and biological advantages, its drawbacks, and selected applications. Comprehensive tables summarizing all the polymers used to date to fabricate sol-gel hybrids for biomedical applications are also provided, to offer a handbook of all the available candidates for hybrid synthesis. In addition to the current trends, open challenges and possible avenues of future development are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Gritsch
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont, 4 Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178 Aubière (Clermont-Ferrand), France. .,Technogym S.p.A., via Calcinaro 2861, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy
| | - Cédric Bossard
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont, 4 Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178 Aubière (Clermont-Ferrand), France.
| | - Edouard Jallot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont, 4 Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178 Aubière (Clermont-Ferrand), France.
| | - Julian R Jones
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jonathan Lao
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont, 4 Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178 Aubière (Clermont-Ferrand), France.
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Fan W, Du T, Droce A, Jensen LR, Youngman RE, Ren X, Gurevich L, Bauchy M, Kristensen P, Xing B, Yu D, Smedskjaer MM. Resolving the Conflict between Strength and Toughness in Bioactive Silica-Polymer Hybrid Materials. ACS NANO 2022; 16:9748-9761. [PMID: 35679120 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c03440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneously improving the strength and toughness of materials is a major challenge. Inorganic-polymer hybrids offer the potential to combine mechanical properties of a stiff inorganic glass with a flexible organic polymer. However, the toughening mechanism at the atomic scale remains largely unknown. Based on combined experimental and molecular dynamics simulation results, we find that the deformation and fracture behavior of hybrids are governed by noncovalent intermolecular interactions between polymer and silica networks rather than the breakage of covalent bonds. We then attempt three methods to improve the balance between strength and toughness of hybrids, namely the total inorganic/organic (I/O) weight ratio, the size of silica nanoparticles, and the ratio of -C-O vs -C-C bonds in the polymer chains. Specifically, for a hybrid with matched silica size and I/O ratio, we demonstrate optimized mechanical properties in terms of strength (1.75 MPa at breakage), degree of elongation at the fracture point (31%), toughness (219 kPa), hardness (1.08 MPa), as well as Young's modulus (3.0 MPa). We also demonstrate that this hybrid material shows excellent biocompatibility and ability to support cell attachment as well as proliferation. This supports the possible application of this material as a strong yet tough bone scaffold material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fan
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Tao Du
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Aida Droce
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Lars R Jensen
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Randall E Youngman
- Science and Technology Division, Corning Incorporated, Corning, New York 14831, United States
| | - Xiangting Ren
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Leonid Gurevich
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Peter Kristensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Bengang Xing
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Donghong Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Morten M Smedskjaer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
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Multifunctional polyethylene imine hybrids decorated by silica bioactive glass with enhanced mechanical properties, antibacterial, and osteogenesis for bone repair. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 131:112534. [PMID: 34857311 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic/organic hybrids and bioactive glasses demonstrate promising potential as bone substitute biomaterials. A sol-gel hybrid consisting of silica bioactive glass and biodegradable polymer can combine the high bioactivity of a glass with the toughness of a polymer. In this study, multifunctional hybrids with a combination of organic-inorganic hybrid structure class II consisting of polyethyleneimine (PEI) generation 4 (G4) and bioactive glass with enhanced mechanical properties, mineralization, antibacterial, and osteogenesis activities were synthesized by the sol-gel method. Glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) with different concentrations was used as a covalent bonding agent between PEI polymer and bioactive glass. The effect of GPTMS content was assessed in the presence and absence of calcium in the hybrid structures in terms of morphology, wettability, mechanical properties, antibacterial activity, cell viability, and in vitro osteogenic differentiation properties. By increasing the amount of GPTMS, the compressive strength increased from 1.95 MPa to 2.34 MPa, which was comparable to human trabecular bone. All the hybrids presented antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, forming an inhibition zone of 13-16 mm. An increase in cell viability of 82.22% in PSCaG90 was obtained after 1 day of MG-63 cell culture. Alkaline phosphatase expression and mineralization of MG-63 cells increased in the PSCaG90 hybrid in the absence of an osteogenic medium compared to PSG60 and PSG90. The PSCaG90 hybrid indicated considerable in vitro osteogenic capacity in the absence of a differentiation medium, expressing high levels of bone-specific proteins including collagen I (COL1A1), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteopontin (OPN), and osteocalcin (OCN), compared to calcium-free hybrids. Overall, our results suggest that the presence of calcium in the PSCaG90 leads to a significant increase in osteogenic differentiation of MG-63 cells even in the absence of differentiation medium, which suggests these hybrid structures with multifunctional properties as promising candidates for bone repair.
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Nam J, Jeon E, Moon SY, Park JW. Rearranged Copolyurea Networks for Selective Carbon Dioxide Adsorption at Room Temperature. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13224004. [PMID: 34833301 PMCID: PMC8623474 DOI: 10.3390/polym13224004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Copolyurea networks (co-UNs) were synthesized via crosslinking polymerization of a mixture of tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)methane (TAPM) and melamine with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) using the organic sol-gel polymerization method. The subsequent thermal treatment of between 200 and 400 °C induced the sintering of the powdery polyurea networks to form porous frameworks via urea bond rearrangement and the removal of volatile hexamethylene moieties. Incorporating melamine into the networks resulted in a higher nitrogen content and micropore ratio, whereas the overall porosity decreased with the melamine composition. The rearranged network composed of the tetraamine/melamine units in an 80:20 ratio showed the highest carbon dioxide adsorption quantity at room temperature. The results show that optimizing the chemical structure and porosity of polyurea-based networks can lead to carbon dioxide adsorbents working at elevated temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsik Nam
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (J.N.); (E.J.)
| | - Eunkyung Jeon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (J.N.); (E.J.)
| | - Su-Young Moon
- Carbon Resources Institute, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeongro, Yuseong, Daejeon 34114, Korea;
| | - Ji-Woong Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (J.N.); (E.J.)
- Correspondence:
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Chung JJ, Yoo J, Sum BST, Li S, Lee S, Kim TH, Li Z, Stevens MM, Georgiou TK, Jung Y, Jones JR. 3D Printed Porous Methacrylate/Silica Hybrid Scaffold for Bone Substitution. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100117. [PMID: 33951318 PMCID: PMC7615494 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic-organic hybrid biomaterials made with star polymer poly(methyl methacrylate-co-3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate) and silica, which show promising mechanical properties, are 3D printed as bone substitutes for the first time, by direct ink writing of the sol. Three different inorganic:organic ratios of poly(methyl methacrylate-co-3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate)-star-SiO2 hybrid inks are printed with pore channels in the range of 100-200 µm. Mechanical properties of the 3D printed scaffolds fall within the range of trabecular bone, and MC3T3 pre-osteoblast cells are able to adhere to the scaffolds in vitro, regardless of their compositions. Osteogenic and angiogenic properties of the hybrid scaffolds are shown using a rat calvarial defect model. Hybrid scaffolds with 40:60 inorganic:organic composition are able to instigate new vascularized bone formation within its pore channels and polarize macrophages toward M2 phenotype. 3D printing inorganic-organic hybrids with sophisticated polymer structure opens up possibilities to produce novel bone graft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin J. Chung
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yoo
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Brian S. T. Sum
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Siwei Li
- Department of Materials Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Soojin Lee
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hee Kim
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhenlun Li
- Department of Materials Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Theoni K. Georgiou
- Department of Materials Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Youngmee Jung
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- YU-KIST Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Julian R. Jones
- Department of Materials Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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8
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Bekhouche M, Bolon M, Charriaud F, Lamrayah M, Da Costa D, Primard C, Costantini A, Pasdeloup M, Gobert S, Mallein-Gerin F, Verrier B, Ducret M, Farges JC. Development of an antibacterial nanocomposite hydrogel for human dental pulp engineering. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:8422-8432. [PMID: 32804177 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00989j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel-based regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) are considered to be very promising therapeutic strategies to reconstruct the dental pulp (DP) tissue in devitalized human teeth. However, the success of the regeneration process is limited by residual bacteria that may persist in the endodontic space after the disinfection step and contaminate the biomaterial. The aim of this work was to develop an innovative fibrin hydrogel incorporating clindamycin (CLIN)-loaded Poly (d,l) Lactic Acid (PLA) nanoparticles (NPs) to provide the hydrogel with antibacterial properties. CLIN-PLA-NPs were synthesized by a surfactant-free nanoprecipitation method and their microphysical properties were assessed by dynamic light scattering, electrophoretic mobility and scanning electron microscopy. Their antimicrobial efficacy was evaluated on Enteroccocus fæcalis by the determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal biofilm inhibition and eradication concentrations (MBIC and MBEC). Antibacterial properties of the nanocomposite hydrogel were verified by agar diffusion assays. NP distribution into the hydrogel and release from it were evaluated using fluorescent PLA-NPs. NP cytotoxicity was assessed on DP mesenchymal stem cells (DP-MSCs) incorporated into the hydrogel. Type I collagen synthesis was investigated after 7 days of culture by immunohistochemistry. We found that CLIN-PLA-NPs displayed a drug loading of 10 ± 2 μg per mg of PLA polymer and an entrapment efficiency of 43 ± 7%. Antibiotic loading did not affect NP size, polydispersity index and zeta potential. The MIC for Enterococcus fæcalis was 32 μg mL-1. MBIC50 and MBEC50 were 4 and 16 μg mL-1, respectively. CLIN-PLA-NPs appeared homogenously distributed throughout the hydrogel. CLIN-PLA-NP-loaded hydrogels clearly inhibited E. faecalis growth. DP-MSC viability and type I collagen synthesis within the fibrin hydrogel were not affected by CLIN-PLA-NPs. In conclusion, CLIN-PLA-NP incorporation into the fibrin hydrogel gave the latter antibacterial and antibiofilm properties without affecting cell viability and function. This formulation could help establish an aseptic environment supporting DP reconstruction and, accordingly, might be a valuable tool for REPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bekhouche
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France and Faculté d'Odontologie, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - M Bolon
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - F Charriaud
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - M Lamrayah
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - D Da Costa
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France and Adjuvatis®, Lyon, France
| | | | - A Costantini
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - M Pasdeloup
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - S Gobert
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - F Mallein-Gerin
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - B Verrier
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - M Ducret
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France and Faculté d'Odontologie, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France and Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Consultations et Traitements Dentaires, Lyon, France
| | - J-C Farges
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France and Faculté d'Odontologie, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France and Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Consultations et Traitements Dentaires, Lyon, France
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Han R, Buchanan F, Ford L, Julius M, Walsh P. A comparison of the degradation behaviour of 3D printed PDLGA scaffolds incorporating bioglass or biosilica. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 120:111755. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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Kuzmenka D, Sewohl C, König A, Flath T, Hahnel S, Schulze FP, Hacker MC, Schulz-Siegmund M. Sustained Calcium(II)-Release to Impart Bioactivity in Hybrid Glass Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1192. [PMID: 33302527 PMCID: PMC7764395 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we integrated different calcium sources into sol-gel hybrid glass scaffolds with the aim of producing implants with long-lasting calcium release while maintaining mechanical strength of the implant. Calcium(II)-release was used to introduce bioactivity to the material and eventually support implant integration into a bone tissue defect. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) derived silica sols were cross-linked with an ethoxysilylated 4-armed macromer, pentaerythritol ethoxylate and processed into macroporous scaffolds with defined pore structure by indirect rapid prototyping. Triethyl phosphate (TEP) was shown to function as silica sol solvent. In a first approach, we investigated the integration of 1 to 10% CaCl2 in order to test the hypothesis that small CaCl2 amounts can be physically entrapped and slowly released from hybrid glass scaffolds. With 5 and 10% CaCl2 we observed an extensive burst release, whereas slightly improved release profiles were found for lower Calcium(II) contents. In contrast, introduction of melt-derived bioactive 45S5 glass microparticles (BG-MP) into the hybrid glass scaffolds as another Calcium(II) source led to an approximately linear release of Calcium(II) in Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (TRIS) buffer over 12 weeks. pH increase caused by BG-MP could be controlled by their amount integrated into the scaffolds. Compression strength remained unchanged compared to scaffolds without BG-MP. In cell culture medium as well as in simulated body fluid, we observed a rapid formation of a carbonated hydroxyapatite layer on BG-MP containing scaffolds. However, this mineral layer consumed the released Calcium(II) ions and prevented an additional increase in Calcium(II) concentration in the cell culture medium. Cell culture studies on the different scaffolds with osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells as well as bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) did not show any advantages concerning osteogenic differentiation due to the integration of BG-MP into the scaffolds. Nonetheless, via the formation of a hydroxyapatite layer and the ability to control the pH increase, we speculate that implant integration in vivo and bone regeneration may benefit from this concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dzmitry Kuzmenka
- Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04317 Leipzig, Germany; (D.K.); (C.S.); (M.C.H.)
| | - Claudia Sewohl
- Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04317 Leipzig, Germany; (D.K.); (C.S.); (M.C.H.)
| | - Andreas König
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials Science, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (A.K.); (S.H.)
| | - Tobias Flath
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Leipzig, 04277 Leipzig, Germany; (T.F.); (F.P.S.)
| | - Sebastian Hahnel
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials Science, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (A.K.); (S.H.)
| | - Fritz Peter Schulze
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Leipzig, 04277 Leipzig, Germany; (T.F.); (F.P.S.)
| | - Michael C. Hacker
- Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04317 Leipzig, Germany; (D.K.); (C.S.); (M.C.H.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Michaela Schulz-Siegmund
- Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04317 Leipzig, Germany; (D.K.); (C.S.); (M.C.H.)
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Kim YH, Choi GM, Bae JG, Kim YH, Bae BS. High-Performance and Simply-Synthesized Ladder-Like Structured Methacrylate Siloxane Hybrid Material for Flexible Hard Coating. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E449. [PMID: 30966484 PMCID: PMC6415222 DOI: 10.3390/polym10040449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A high performance ladder-like structured methacrylate siloxane hybrid material (LMSH) was fabricated via simple hydrolytic sol⁻gel reaction, followed by free-radical polymerization. A structurally ordered siloxane backbone, the ladder-like structure, which is an essential factor for high performance, could be achieved by a short period of sol⁻gel reaction in only 4 h. This results in superior optical (Transmittance > 90% at 550 nm), thermal (T5 wt % decomposition > 400 ℃ ), mechanical properties(elastic recovery = 0.86, hardness = 0.6 GPa) compared to the random- and even commercialized cage-structured silsesquioxane, which also has ordered structure. It was investigated that the fabricated ladder-like structured MSH showed the highest overall density of organic/inorganic co-networks that are originated from highly ordered siloxane network, along with high conversion rate of polymerizable methacrylate groups. Our findings suggest a potential of the ladder-like structured MSH as a powerful alternative for the methacrylate polysilsesquioxane, which can be applied to thermally stable and flexible optical coatings, even with an easier and simpler preparation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hyeok Kim
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Gwang-Mun Choi
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Jin Gyu Bae
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Yong Ho Kim
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Byeong-Soo Bae
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
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12
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John Ł. Selected developments and medical applications of organic-inorganic hybrid biomaterials based on functionalized spherosilicates. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 88:172-181. [PMID: 29636133 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Well-defined and tailor-made spherosilicates and POSS-based (POSS = Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes) (nano)composites with interesting chemical and mechanical properties have applications in the widely-regarded field of innovative biomaterials. They can serve as delivery systems, three-dimensional scaffolds for specific tissue engineering, biomaterials for orthopedic, cardiovascular, and reconstructive surgery, etc. Such organic-inorganic hybrids are much more effective biomaterials than pure polymers, bioglasses, metals, alloys, and ceramics currently used in medical applications and are considered as next-generation systems in innovative medical approaches. This range of applications creates a strong impetus for novel, cheap, and easy-to-scale-up methods for their synthesis. In this review (highlights since 2006), selected biomaterials consisting of various polymeric derivatives such as polymethacrylates, polylactides, polycaprolactones, polyurethanes, etc., which serve as organic side-arms of POSS and can create polymer platforms for precisely localized spherosilicates among organic matrices, are discussed as a new generation of silicon-based biosystems using spherosilicates, promising biomaterials with a particular use in soft- and hard-tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz John
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland.
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13
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John Ł, Janeta M, Szafert S. Synthesis of cubic spherosilicates for self-assembled organic–inorganic biohybrids based on functionalized methacrylates. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj02533e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Covalent hybrid networks created by fully substituted cubic spherosilicates containing functionalized methacrylates as side chains were synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz John
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Wrocław
- 14 F. Joliot-Curie
- 50-383 Wrocław
- Poland
| | - Mateusz Janeta
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Wrocław
- 14 F. Joliot-Curie
- 50-383 Wrocław
- Poland
| | - Sławomir Szafert
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Wrocław
- 14 F. Joliot-Curie
- 50-383 Wrocław
- Poland
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14
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Kascholke C, Hendrikx S, Flath T, Kuzmenka D, Dörfler HM, Schumann D, Gressenbuch M, Schulze FP, Schulz-Siegmund M, Hacker MC. Biodegradable and adjustable sol-gel glass based hybrid scaffolds from multi-armed oligomeric building blocks. Acta Biomater 2017; 63:336-349. [PMID: 28927930 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradability is a crucial characteristic to improve the clinical potential of sol-gel-derived glass materials. To this end, a set of degradable organic/inorganic class II hybrids from a tetraethoxysilane(TEOS)-derived silica sol and oligovalent cross-linker oligomers containing oligo(d,l-lactide) domains was developed and characterized. A series of 18 oligomers (Mn: 1100-3200Da) with different degrees of ethoxylation and varying length of oligoester units was established and chemical composition was determined. Applicability of an established indirect rapid prototyping method enabled fabrication of a total of 85 different hybrid scaffold formulations from 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane-functionalized macromers. In vitro degradation was analyzed over 12months and a continuous linear weight loss (0.2-0.5wt%/d) combined with only moderate material swelling was detected which was controlled by oligo(lactide) content and matrix hydrophilicity. Compressive strength (2-30MPa) and compressive modulus (44-716MPa) were determined and total content, oligo(ethylene oxide) content, oligo(lactide) content and molecular weight of the oligomeric cross-linkers as well as material porosity were identified as the main factors determining hybrid mechanics. Cytocompatibility was assessed by cell culture experiments with human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hASC). Cell migration into the entire scaffold pore network was indicated and continuous proliferation over 14days was found. ALP activity linearly increased over 2weeks indicating osteogenic differentiation. The presented glass-based hybrid concept with precisely adjustable material properties holds promise for regenerative purposes. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Adaption of degradation kinetics toward physiological relevance is still an unmet challenge of (bio-)glass engineering. We therefore present a glass-derived hybrid material with adjustable degradation. A flexible design concept based on degradable multi-armed oligomers was combined with an established indirect rapid prototyping method to produce a systematic set of porous sol-gel-derived class II hybrid scaffolds. Mechanical properties in the range of cancellous bone were narrowly controlled by hybrid composition. The oligoester introduction resulted in significantly increased compressive moduli. Cytocompatible hybrids degraded in physiologically relevant time frames and a promising linear and controllable weight loss profile was found. To our knowledge, our degradation study represents the most extensive long-term investigation of sol-gel-derived class II hybrids. Due to the broad adjustability of material properties, our concept offers potential for engineering of biodegradable hybrid materials for versatile applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kascholke
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, Eilenburger Straße 15a, 04317 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan Hendrikx
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, Eilenburger Straße 15a, 04317 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tobias Flath
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Leipzig University of Applied Sciences, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 134, 04277 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dzmitry Kuzmenka
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, Eilenburger Straße 15a, 04317 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans-Martin Dörfler
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Leipzig University of Applied Sciences, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 134, 04277 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dirk Schumann
- Bubbles and Beyond GmbH, Karl-Heine Straße 99, 04229 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - F Peter Schulze
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Leipzig University of Applied Sciences, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 134, 04277 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michaela Schulz-Siegmund
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, Eilenburger Straße 15a, 04317 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael C Hacker
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, Eilenburger Straße 15a, 04317 Leipzig, Germany.
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15
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Akbari Dourbash F, Alizadeh P, Nazari S, Farasat A. A highly bioactive poly (amido amine)/70S30C bioactive glass hybrid with photoluminescent and antimicrobial properties for bone regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 78:1135-1146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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Chung JJ, Sum BST, Li S, Stevens MM, Georgiou TK, Jones JR. Effect of Comonomers on Physical Properties and Cell Attachment to Silica-Methacrylate/Acrylate Hybrids for Bone Substitution. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 38. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin J. Chung
- Department of Materials; Imperial College London; London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Brian S. T. Sum
- Department of Materials; Imperial College London; London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Siwei Li
- Department of Materials; Imperial College London; London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials; Imperial College London; London SW7 2AZ UK
- Department of Bioengineering; Imperial College London; London SW7 2AZ UK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering; Imperial College London; London SW7 2AZ UK
| | | | - Julian R. Jones
- Department of Materials; Imperial College London; London SW7 2AZ UK
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17
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Chung JJ, Fujita Y, Li S, Stevens MM, Kasuga T, Georgiou TK, Jones JR. Biodegradable inorganic-organic hybrids of methacrylate star polymers for bone regeneration. Acta Biomater 2017; 54:411-418. [PMID: 28285078 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hybrids that are molecular scale co-networks of organic and inorganic components are promising biomaterials, improving the brittleness of bioactive glass and the strength of polymers. Methacrylate polymers have high potential as the organic source for hybrids since they can be produced, through controlled polymerization, with sophisticated polymer architectures that can bond to silicate networks. Previous studies showed the mechanical properties of hybrids can be modified by polymer architecture and molar mass (MM). However, biodegradability is critical if hybrids are to be used as tissue engineering scaffolds, since the templates must be remodelled by host tissue. Degradation by-products have to either completely biodegrade or be excreted by the kidneys. Enzyme, or bio-degradation is preferred to hydrolysis by water uptake as it is expected to give a more controlled degradation rate. Here, branched and star shaped poly(methyl methacrylate-co-3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate) (poly(MMA-co-TMSPMA)) were synthesized with disulphide based dimethacrylate (DSDMA) as a biodegradable branching agent. Biodegradability was confirmed by exposing the copolymers to glutathione, a tripeptide which is known to cleave disulphide bonds. Cleaved parts of the star polymer from the hybrid system were detected after 2weeks of immersion in glutathione solution, and MM was under threshold of kidney filtration. The presence of the branching agent did not reduce the mechanical properties of the hybrids and bone progenitor cells attached on the hybrids in vitro. Incorporation of the DSDMA branching agent has opened more possibilities to design biodegradable methacrylate polymer based hybrids for regenerative medicine. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Bioactive glasses can regenerate bone but are brittle. Hybrids can overcome this problem as intimate interactions between glass and polymer creates synergetic properties. Implants have previously been made with synthetic polymers that degrade by water, however, they degrade catastrophically, causing rapid loss of strength. Polymers that degrade by biological agents may degrade at a more controlled rate, which should give time for tissue repair and transfer of load. Previously, hybrids made with star shaped poly(methyl methacrylate-co-3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate) (p(MMA-co-TMSPMA)) showed enhanced properties. However, methacrylates are not bio-degradable. Here, star shaped p(MMA-co-TMSPMA) was synthesized with a core that can be cleaved by glutathione, a tripeptide. On exposure to glutathione, the hybrid degraded, producing products with molecular weights below the kidney filtration threshold.
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18
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Maçon ALB, Kasuga T, Remzi Becer C, Jones JR. Silica/methacrylate class II hybrid: telomerisation vs. RAFT polymerisation. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00516d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
RAFT and telomerisation were compared for polymethacrylate synthesis to investigate whether refining its polydispersity could lead to better silica hybrid properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony L. B. Maçon
- Department of Materials
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
- Frontier Research Institute for Materials Science
| | - Toshihiro Kasuga
- Frontier Research Institute for Materials Science
- Nagoya Institute of Technology
- Nagoya 4668555
- Japan
| | - C. Remzi Becer
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
- Queen Mary University Materials Science
- London
- UK
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