1
|
Du T, Li S, Ganisetti S, Bauchy M, Yue Y, Smedskjaer MM. Deciphering the controlling factors for phase transitions in zeolitic imidazolate frameworks. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwae023. [PMID: 38560493 PMCID: PMC10980346 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) feature complex phase transitions, including polymorphism, melting, vitrification, and polyamorphism. Experimentally probing their structural evolution during transitions involving amorphous phases is a significant challenge, especially at the medium-range length scale. To overcome this challenge, here we first train a deep learning-based force field to identify the structural characteristics of both crystalline and non-crystalline ZIF phases. This allows us to reproduce the structural evolution trend during the melting of crystals and formation of ZIF glasses at various length scales with an accuracy comparable to that of ab initio molecular dynamics, yet at a much lower computational cost. Based on this approach, we propose a new structural descriptor, namely, the ring orientation index, to capture the propensity for crystallization of ZIF-4 (Zn(Im)2, Im = C3H3N2-) glasses, as well as for the formation of ZIF-zni (Zn(Im)2) out of the high-density amorphous phase. This crystal formation process is a result of the reorientation of imidazole rings by sacrificing the order of the structure around the zinc-centered tetrahedra. The outcomes of this work are useful for studying phase transitions in other metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and may thus guide the development of MOF glasses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Du
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| | - Shanwu Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton MI 49931, USA
| | - Sudheer Ganisetti
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yuanzheng Yue
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| | - Morten M Smedskjaer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu H, Li L, Wei Z, Smedskjaer MM, Zheng XR, Bauchy M. De Novo Atomistic Discovery of Disordered Mechanical Metamaterials by Machine Learning. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2304834. [PMID: 38269856 PMCID: PMC10987143 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Architected materials design across orders of magnitude length scale intrigues exceptional mechanical responses nonexistent in their natural bulk state. However, the so-termed mechanical metamaterials, when scaling bottom down to the atomistic or microparticle level, remain largely unexplored and conventionally fall out of their coarse-resolution, ordered-pattern design space. Here, combining high-throughput molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and machine learning (ML) strategies, some intriguing atomistic families of disordered mechanical metamaterials are discovered, as fabricated by melt quenching and exemplified herein by lightweight-yet-stiff cellular materials featuring a theoretical limit of linear stiffness-density scaling, whose structural disorder-rather than order-is key to reduce the scaling exponent and is simply controlled by the bonding interactions and their directionality that enable flexible tunability experimentally. Importantly, a systematic navigation in the forcefield landscape reveals that, in-between directional and non-directional bonding such as covalent and ionic bonds, modest bond directionality is most likely to promotes disordered packing of polyhedral, stretching-dominated structures responsible for the formation of metamaterials. This work pioneers a bottom-down atomistic scheme to design mechanical metamaterials formatted disorderly, unlocking a largely untapped field in leveraging structural disorder in devising metamaterials atomistically and, potentially, generic to conventional upscaled designs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- SOlids inFormaTics AI‐Laboratory (SOFT‐AI‐Lab)College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China
- AIMSOLID ResearchWuhan430223China
| | - Liantang Li
- SOlids inFormaTics AI‐Laboratory (SOFT‐AI‐Lab)College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China
- AIMSOLID ResearchWuhan430223China
| | - Zhenhua Wei
- Department of Ocean Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | | | - Xiaoyu Rayne Zheng
- Department of Material Science and EngineeringUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCA94720USA
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of Amorphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab)Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Song Y, Zhao Y, Ginella A, Gallagher B, Sant G, Bauchy M. Predicting rare earth elements concentration in coal ashes with multi-task neural networks. Mater Horiz 2024; 11:1448-1464. [PMID: 38214154 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01491f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The increasing demand for rare earth elements (REEs) makes them a scarce strategic resource for technical developments. In that regard, harvesting REEs from coal ashes-a waste byproduct from coal power plants-offers an alternative solution to conventional ore-based extraction. However, this approach is bottlenecked by our ability to screen coal ashes bearing large concentrations of REEs from feedstocks-since measuring the REE content in ashes is a time-consuming and costly task requiring advanced analytical tools. Here, we propose a machine learning approach to predict the REE contents based on the bulk composition of coal ashes, easily measurable under the routine testing protocol. We introduce a multi-task neural network that simultaneously predicts the contents of different REEs. Compared to the single-task model, this model exhibits notably improved accuracy and reduced sensitivity to noise. Further model analyses reveal key data patterns for screening coal ashes with high REE concentrations. Additionally, we showcase the utilization of transfer learning to improve the adaptability of our model to coal ashes from a distinct source.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Song
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab) 5731B Boelter Hall, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2) 5731J Boelter Hall, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yifan Zhao
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab) 5731B Boelter Hall, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Alex Ginella
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab) 5731B Boelter Hall, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Benjamin Gallagher
- Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) 3420 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2) 5731J Boelter Hall, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab) 5731B Boelter Hall, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao C, Yu J, Chen X, Wu Q, Zhou W, Bauchy M. Atomistic origin of kinetics in hydrated aluminosilicate gels upon precipitation. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:144501. [PMID: 37811823 DOI: 10.1063/5.0165937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium-alumino-silicate-hydrate (CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O, or C-A-S-H) gel, which is the binding phase of cement-based materials, greatly influences concrete mechanical properties and durability. However, the atomic-scale kinetics of the aluminosilicate network condensation remains puzzling. Here, based on reactive molecular dynamics simulations of C-A-S-H systems formation with varying Al/Ca molar ratios, we study the kinetic mechanism of the hydrated aluminosilicate gels upon precipitation. We show that the condensation activation energy decreases with the Al/Ca molar ratio, which suggests that the concentration of the Al polytopes has a great effect on controlling the kinetics of the gelation reaction. Significantly, we demonstrate that 5-fold Al atoms are mainly forming at high Al/Ca molar ratios since there are insufficient hydrogen cations or extra calcium cations to compensate the negatively charged Al polytopes at high Al/Ca molar ratios during accelerated aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhao
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Civil Engineering Materials and Structures, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiahui Yu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Civil Engineering Materials and Structures, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xuyong Chen
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Civil Engineering Materials and Structures, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qiaoyun Wu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Civil Engineering Materials and Structures, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Collin M, Song Y, Prentice DP, Arnold RA, Ellison K, Simonetti DA, Bauchy M, Sant GN. Fly ash degree of reaction in hypersaline NaCl and CaCl 2 brines: Effects of calcium-based additives. Waste Manag 2023; 170:103-111. [PMID: 37562200 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The pozzolanic reaction of fly ashes with calcium-based additives can be effectively used to solidify and chemically stabilize (S&S process) highly concentrated brines inside a cementitious matrix. However, complex interactions between the fly ash, the additive, and the brine typically affect the phases formed at equilibrium, and the resulting solid capacity to successfully encapsulate the brine and its contaminants. Here, the performances of two types of fly ash (a Class C and Class F fly ash) are assessed when combined with different additives (two types of cement, or lime with and without NaAlO2), and two types of brine (NaCl or CaCl2) over a range of concentrations (0 ≤ [Cl-] ≤ 2 M). The best performing matrices - i.e., the matrices with the highest Cl-containing phases content - were identified using XRD and TGA. The experimental results were then combined with thermodynamic modeling to dissociate the contribution of the fly ash from that of the additives. All results were implemented in a machine learning model that showed good accuracy at predicting the fly ash degree of reaction, allowing for the robust prediction of extended systems performance when combined with thermodynamic modeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Collin
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Institute for Carbon Management, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Yu Song
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dale P Prentice
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Institute for Carbon Management, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ross A Arnold
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Institute for Carbon Management, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kirk Ellison
- Electric Power Research Institute, Charlotte, NC 28262, USA
| | - Dante A Simonetti
- Institute for Carbon Management, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Institute for Carbon Management, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gaurav N Sant
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Institute for Carbon Management, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; California Nanosystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ha CS, Yao D, Xu Z, Liu C, Liu H, Elkins D, Kile M, Deshpande V, Kong Z, Bauchy M, Zheng XR. Rapid inverse design of metamaterials based on prescribed mechanical behavior through machine learning. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5765. [PMID: 37718343 PMCID: PMC10505607 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40854-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Designing and printing metamaterials with customizable architectures enables the realization of unprecedented mechanical behaviors that transcend those of their constituent materials. These behaviors are recorded in the form of response curves, with stress-strain curves describing their quasi-static footprint. However, existing inverse design approaches are yet matured to capture the full desired behaviors due to challenges stemmed from multiple design objectives, nonlinear behavior, and process-dependent manufacturing errors. Here, we report a rapid inverse design methodology, leveraging generative machine learning and desktop additive manufacturing, which enables the creation of nearly all possible uniaxial compressive stress‒strain curve cases while accounting for process-dependent errors from printing. Results show that mechanical behavior with full tailorability can be achieved with nearly 90% fidelity between target and experimentally measured results. Our approach represents a starting point to inverse design materials that meet prescribed yet complex behaviors and potentially bypasses iterative design-manufacturing cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chan Soo Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Desheng Yao
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhenpeng Xu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chenang Liu
- Industrial Engineering and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Daniel Elkins
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Grado Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Matthew Kile
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Vikram Deshpande
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Zhenyu Kong
- Grado Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Xiaoyu Rayne Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu H, Huang Z, Schoenholz SS, Cubuk ED, Smedskjaer MM, Sun Y, Wang W, Bauchy M. Learning molecular dynamics: predicting the dynamics of glasses by a machine learning simulator. Mater Horiz 2023; 10:3416-3428. [PMID: 37382413 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00028a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Many-body dynamics of atoms such as glass dynamics is generally governed by complex (and sometimes unknown) physics laws. This challenges the construction of atom dynamics simulations that both (i) capture the physics laws and (ii) run with little computation cost. Here, based on graph neural network (GNN), we introduce an observation-based graph network (OGN) framework to "bypass all physics laws" to simulate complex glass dynamics solely from their static structure. By taking the example of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we successfully apply the OGN to predict atom trajectories evolving up to a few hundred timesteps and ranging over different families of complex atomistic systems, which implies that the atom dynamics is largely encoded in their static structure in disordered phases and, furthermore, allows us to explore the capacity of OGN simulations that is potentially generic to many-body dynamics. Importantly, unlike traditional numerical simulations, the OGN simulations bypass the numerical constraint of small integration timestep by a multiplier of ≥5 to conserve energy and momentum until hundreds of timesteps, thus leapfrogging the execution speed of MD simulations for a modest timescale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- SOlids inFormaTics AI-Laboratory (SOFT-AI-Lab), College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Zijie Huang
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | | | - Ekin D Cubuk
- Brain Team, Google Research, Mountain View, California, 94043, USA
| | - Morten M Smedskjaer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| | - Yizhou Sun
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bhagavathi Kandy S, Neithalath N, Bauchy M, Kumar A, Garboczi E, Gaedt T, Srivastava S, Sant G. Electrosteric Control of the Aggregation and Yielding Behavior of Concentrated Portlandite Suspensions. Langmuir 2023; 39:10395-10405. [PMID: 37462925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Portlandite (calcium hydroxide: CH: Ca(OH)2) suspensions aggregate spontaneously and form percolated fractal aggregate networks when dispersed in water. Consequently, the viscosity and yield stress of portlandite suspensions diverge at low particle loadings, adversely affecting their processability. Even though polycarboxylate ether (PCE)-based comb polyelectrolytes are routinely used to alter the particle dispersion state, water demand, and rheology of similar suspensions (e.g., ordinary portland cement suspensions) that feature a high pH and high ionic strength, their use to control portlandite suspension rheology has not been elucidated. This study combines adsorption isotherms and rheological measurements to elucidate the role of PCE composition (i.e., charge density, side chain length, and grafting density) in controlling the extent of PCE adsorption, particle flocculation, suspension yield stress, and thermal response of portlandite suspensions. We show that longer side-chain PCEs are more effective in affecting suspension viscosity and yield stress, in spite of their lower adsorption saturation limit and fractional adsorption. The superior steric hindrance induced by the longer side chain PCEs results in better efficacy in mitigating particle aggregation even at low dosages. However, when dosed at optimal dosages (i.e., a dosage that induces a dynamically equilibrated dispersion state of particle aggregates), different PCE-dosed portlandite suspensions exhibit identical fractal structuring and rheological behavior regardless of the side chain length. Furthermore, it is shown that the unusual evolution of the rheological response of portlandite suspensions with temperature can be tailored by adjusting the PCE dosage. The ability of PCEs to modulate the rheology of aggregating charged particle suspensions can be generally extended to any colloidal suspension with a strong screening of repulsive electrostatic interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharu Bhagavathi Kandy
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Narayanan Neithalath
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 86587, United States
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Laboratory for the Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Aditya Kumar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
| | - Edward Garboczi
- Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
| | - Torben Gaedt
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lehrstuhl für Bauchemie, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, Garching bei München D-85747, Germany
| | - Samanvaya Srivastava
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- UCLA Center for Biological Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California Nanosystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California Nanosystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tang L, Srivastava P, Gupta V, Bauchy M. The Crystallization of Disordered Materials under Shock Is Governed by Their Network Topology. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023:e2300131. [PMID: 37114829 PMCID: PMC10369245 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
When the shock load is applied, materials experience incredibly high temperature and pressure conditions on picosecond timescales, usually accompanied by remarkable physical or chemical phenomena. Understanding the underlying physics that governs the kinetics of shocked materials is of great importance for both physics and materials science. Here, combining experiment and large-scale molecular dynamics simulation, the ultrafast nanoscale crystal nucleation process in shocked soda-lime silicate glass is investigated. By adopting topological constraints theory, this study finds that the propensity of nucleation is governed by the connectivity of the atomic network. The densification of local networks, which appears once the crystal starts to grow, results in the underconstrained shell around the crystal and prevents further crystallization. These results shed light on the nanoscale crystallization mechanism of shocked materials from the viewpoint of topological constraint theory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longwen Tang
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Pratyush Srivastava
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Vijay Gupta
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sørensen SS, Ren X, Du T, Traverson A, Xi S, Jensen LR, Bauchy M, Horike S, Wang J, Smedskjaer MM. Water as a Modifier in a Hybrid Coordination Network Glass. Small 2023; 19:e2205988. [PMID: 36703506 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chemical diversification of hybrid organic-inorganic glasses remains limited, especially compared to traditional oxide glasses, for which property tuning is possible through addition of weakly bonded modifier cations. In this work, it is shown that water can depolymerize polyhedra with labile metal-ligand bonds in a cobalt-based coordination network, yielding a series of nonstoichiometric glasses. Calorimetric, spectroscopic, and simulation studies demonstrate that the added water molecules promote the breakage of network bonds and coordination number changes, leading to lower melting and glass transition temperatures. These structural changes modify the physical and chemical properties of the melt-quenched glass, with strong parallels to the "modifier" concept in oxides. It is shown that this approach also applies to other transition metal-based coordination networks, and it will thus enable diversification of hybrid glass chemistry, including nonstoichiometric glass compositions, tuning of properties, and a significant rise in the number of glass-forming hybrid systems by allowing them to melt before thermal decomposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Søren S Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, 9220, Denmark
| | - Xiangting Ren
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, 9220, Denmark
| | - Tao Du
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, 9220, Denmark
| | - Ayoub Traverson
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, 9220, Denmark
- Chemistry DER, University Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, 91190, France
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Chemical & Engineering Sciences, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Lars R Jensen
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Aalborg, 9220, Denmark
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Satoshi Horike
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - John Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117574, Singapore
| | - Morten M Smedskjaer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, 9220, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vega-Vila JC, Holkar A, Arnold RA, Prentice DP, Dong S, Tang L, La Plante EC, Ellison K, Kumar A, Bauchy M, Srivastava S, Sant G, Simonetti D. Metal cations as inorganic structure-directing agents during the synthesis of phillipsite and tobermorite. REACT CHEM ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2re00466f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Metal cation identity determines the zeolite topology. Framework topology determines the total zeolite cationic content. Potassium predominantly counterbalances Al anions; sodium and calcium are predominantly structure-directing agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Vega-Vila
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Advait Holkar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ross A. Arnold
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dale P. Prentice
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shiqi Dong
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Longwen Tang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Erika Callagon La Plante
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Kirk Ellison
- Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Aditya Kumar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Samanvaya Srivastava
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California Nanosystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California Nanosystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dante Simonetti
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Qin L, Mao X, Cui Y, Bao J, Sant G, Chen T, Zhang P, Gao X, Bauchy M. New insights into the early stage nucleation of calcium carbonate gels by reactive molecular dynamics simulations. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:234501. [PMID: 36550033 DOI: 10.1063/5.0127240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is a key mechanism in carbon capture applications relying on mineralization. In that regard, Ca-rich cementitious binders offer a unique opportunity to act as a large-scale carbon sink by immobilizing CO2 as calcium carbonate by mineralization. However, the atomistic mechanism of calcium carbonate formation is still not fully understood. Here, we study the atomic scale nucleation mechanism of an early stage amorphous CaCO3 gel based on reactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We observe that reactive MD offers a notably improved description of this reaction as compared to classical MD, which allows us to reveal new insights into the structure of amorphous calcium carbonate gels and formation kinetics thereof.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qin
- School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Xingtai Mao
- School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Yifei Cui
- School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Jiuwen Bao
- School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Tiefeng Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Xiaojian Gao
- School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fan W, Du T, Droce A, Jensen LR, Youngman RE, Ren X, Gurevich L, Bauchy M, Kristensen P, Xing B, Yu D, Smedskjaer MM. Resolving the Conflict between Strength and Toughness in Bioactive Silica-Polymer Hybrid Materials. ACS Nano 2022; 16:9748-9761. [PMID: 35679120 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c03440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneously improving the strength and toughness of materials is a major challenge. Inorganic-polymer hybrids offer the potential to combine mechanical properties of a stiff inorganic glass with a flexible organic polymer. However, the toughening mechanism at the atomic scale remains largely unknown. Based on combined experimental and molecular dynamics simulation results, we find that the deformation and fracture behavior of hybrids are governed by noncovalent intermolecular interactions between polymer and silica networks rather than the breakage of covalent bonds. We then attempt three methods to improve the balance between strength and toughness of hybrids, namely the total inorganic/organic (I/O) weight ratio, the size of silica nanoparticles, and the ratio of -C-O vs -C-C bonds in the polymer chains. Specifically, for a hybrid with matched silica size and I/O ratio, we demonstrate optimized mechanical properties in terms of strength (1.75 MPa at breakage), degree of elongation at the fracture point (31%), toughness (219 kPa), hardness (1.08 MPa), as well as Young's modulus (3.0 MPa). We also demonstrate that this hybrid material shows excellent biocompatibility and ability to support cell attachment as well as proliferation. This supports the possible application of this material as a strong yet tough bone scaffold material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fan
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Tao Du
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Aida Droce
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Lars R Jensen
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Randall E Youngman
- Science and Technology Division, Corning Incorporated, Corning, New York 14831, United States
| | - Xiangting Ren
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Leonid Gurevich
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Peter Kristensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Bengang Xing
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Donghong Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Morten M Smedskjaer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kirchner KA, Cassar DR, Zanotto ED, Ono M, Kim SH, Doss K, Bødker ML, Smedskjaer MM, Kohara S, Tang L, Bauchy M, Wilkinson CJ, Yang Y, Welch RS, Mancini M, Mauro JC. Beyond the Average: Spatial and Temporal Fluctuations in Oxide Glass-Forming Systems. Chem Rev 2022; 123:1774-1840. [PMID: 35511603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Atomic structure dictates the performance of all materials systems; the characteristic of disordered materials is the significance of spatial and temporal fluctuations on composition-structure-property-performance relationships. Glass has a disordered atomic arrangement, which induces localized distributions in physical properties that are conventionally defined by average values. Quantifying these statistical distributions (including variances, fluctuations, and heterogeneities) is necessary to describe the complexity of glass-forming systems. Only recently have rigorous theories been developed to predict heterogeneities to manipulate and optimize glass properties. This article provides a comprehensive review of experimental, computational, and theoretical approaches to characterize and demonstrate the effects of short-, medium-, and long-range statistical fluctuations on physical properties (e.g., thermodynamic, kinetic, mechanical, and optical) and processes (e.g., relaxation, crystallization, and phase separation), focusing primarily on commercially relevant oxide glasses. Rigorous investigations of fluctuations enable researchers to improve the fundamental understanding of the chemistry and physics governing glass-forming systems and optimize structure-property-performance relationships for next-generation technological applications of glass, including damage-resistant electronic displays, safer pharmaceutical vials to store and transport vaccines, and lower-attenuation fiber optics. We invite the reader to join us in exploring what can be discovered by going beyond the average.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn A Kirchner
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Daniel R Cassar
- Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Sao Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
- Ilum School of Science, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Edgar D Zanotto
- Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Sao Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Madoka Ono
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
- Materials Integration Laboratories, AGC Incorporated, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Seong H Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Karan Doss
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Mikkel L Bødker
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| | - Morten M Smedskjaer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| | - Shinji Kohara
- Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1, Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Longwen Tang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Collin J Wilkinson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Research and Development, GlassWRX, Beaufort, South Carolina 29906, United States
| | - Yongjian Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Rebecca S Welch
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Matthew Mancini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - John C Mauro
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liao ME, Li C, Shah N, Hsiao YH, Bauchy M, Sant G, Goorsky MS. Experimental evidence of auxeticity in ion implanted single crystal calcite. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6071. [PMID: 35414648 PMCID: PMC9005521 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10177-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We report initial experimental evidence of auxeticity in calcite by ion implanting (1010) oriented single crystalline calcite with Ar+ at room temperature using an ion energy of 400 keV and a dose of 1 × 1014 cm−2. Lattice compression normal to the substrate surface was observed, which is an atypical result for ion implanted materials. The auxetic behavior is consistent with predictions that indicate auxeticity had been predicted along two crystallographic directions including [1010]. Materials with a positive Poisson’s ratio experience lattice expansion normal to the substrate surface when ion implanted, whereas lattice contraction normal to the surface is evidence of auxetic behavior. Triple-axis X-ray diffraction measurements confirmed the auxetic strain state of the implanted calcite substrates. Reciprocal space maps for the symmetric 3030 and asymmetric 1450 reflections revealed that the implanted region was fully strained (pseudomorphic) to the bulk of the substrate, as is typical with implanted single crystals. A symmetric (3030) ω:2θ line scan was used with X-ray dynamical diffraction simulations to model the strain profile and extract the variation of compressive strain as a function of depth normal to the substrate surface. SRIM calculations were performed to obtain a displacement-per-atom profile and implanted Ar+ concentration profile. It was found that the strain profile matches the displacement-per-atom profile. This study demonstrated the use of ion implantation and X-ray diffraction methods to probe mechanical properties of materials and to test predictions such as the auxeticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Liao
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Chao Li
- Applied Materials, Santa Clara, CA, 95054, USA
| | - Nachiket Shah
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | | | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mark S Goorsky
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Du T, Liu H, Tang L, Sørensen SS, Bauchy M, Smedskjaer MM. Predicting Fracture Propensity in Amorphous Alumina from Its Static Structure Using Machine Learning. ACS Nano 2021; 15:17705-17716. [PMID: 34723489 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c05619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thin films of amorphous alumina (a-Al2O3) have recently been found to deform permanently up to 100% elongation without fracture at room temperature. If the underlying ductile deformation mechanism can be understood at the nanoscale and exploited in bulk samples, it could help to facilitate the design of damage-tolerant glassy materials, the holy grail within glass science. Here, based on atomistic simulations and classification-based machine learning, we reveal that the propensity of a-Al2O3 to exhibit nanoscale ductility is encoded in its static (nonstrained) structure. By considering the fracture response of a series of a-Al2O3 systems quenched under varying pressure, we demonstrate that the degree of nanoductility is correlated with the number of bond switching events, specifically the fraction of 5- and 6-fold coordinated Al atoms, which are able to decrease their coordination numbers under stress. In turn, we find that the tendency for bond switching can be predicted based on a nonintuitive structural descriptor calculated based on the static structure, namely, the recently developed "softness" metric as determined from machine learning. Importantly, the softness metric is here trained from the spontaneous dynamics of the system (i.e., under zero strain) but, interestingly, is able to readily predict the fracture behavior of the glass (i.e., under strain). That is, lower softness facilitates Al bond switching and the local accumulation of high-softness regions leads to rapid crack propagation. These results are helpful for designing glass formulations with improved resistance to fracture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Du
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| | - Han Liu
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Longwen Tang
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Søren S Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Morten M Smedskjaer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
Zhou Q, Shi Y, Deng B, Neuefeind J, Bauchy M. Experimental method to quantify the ring size distribution in silicate glasses and simulation validation thereof. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/28/eabh1761. [PMID: 34233881 PMCID: PMC8262800 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abh1761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Silicate glasses have no long-range order and exhibit a short-range order that is often fairly similar to that of their crystalline counterparts. Hence, the out-of-equilibrium nature of glasses is largely encoded in their medium-range order. However, the ring size distribution-the key feature of silicate glasses' medium-range structure-remains invisible to conventional experiments and, hence, is largely unknown. Here, by combining neutron diffraction experiments and force-enhanced atomic refinement simulations for two archetypical silicate glasses, we show that rings of different sizes exhibit a distinct contribution to the first sharp diffraction peak in the structure factor. On the basis of these results, we demonstrate that the ring size distribution of silicate glasses can be determined solely from neutron diffraction patterns, by analyzing the shape of the first sharp diffraction peak. This method makes it possible to uncover the nature of silicate glasses' medium-range order.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- Science and Technology Division, Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY 14831, USA
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ying Shi
- Science and Technology Division, Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY 14831, USA.
| | - Binghui Deng
- Science and Technology Division, Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY 14831, USA
| | - Jörg Neuefeind
- Neutron Scattering Division, Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhao C, Zhou W, Zhou Q, Wang Z, Sant G, Guo L, Bauchy M. Topological origin of phase separation in hydrated gels. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 590:199-209. [PMID: 33548603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Depending on their composition, hydrated gels can be homogeneous or phase-separated, which, in turn, affects their dynamical and mechanical properties. However, the nature of the structural features, if any, that govern the propensity for a given gel to phase-separate remains largely unknown. Here, we argue that the propensity for hydrated gels to phase-separate is topological in nature. SIMULATIONS We employ reactive molecular dynamics simulations to model the early-age precipitation of calcium-alumino-silicate-hydrate (CASH) gels with varying compositions, i.e., (CaO)1.7(Al2O3)x(SiO2)1 -x(H2O)3.7 +x. By adopting topological constraint theory, we investigate the structural origin of phase separation in hydrated gels. FINDINGS We report the existence of a homogeneous-to-phase-separated transition, wherein Si-rich (x ≤ 0.10) CASH gels are homogeneous, whereas Al-rich (x > 0.10) CASH gels tend to phase-separate. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this transition is correlated to a topological flexible-to-rigid transition within the atomic network. We reveal that the propensity for topologically-overconstrained gels to phase-separate arises from the existence of some internal stress within their atomic network, which acts as an energy penalty that drives phase separation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Qi Zhou
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zhe Wang
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC(2)), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; California Nanosystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lijie Guo
- National Centre for International Research on Green Metal Mining, BGRIMM Technology Group, Beijing 100160, China.
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
To T, Sørensen SS, Christensen JFS, Christensen R, Jensen LR, Bockowski M, Bauchy M, Smedskjaer MM. Bond Switching in Densified Oxide Glass Enables Record-High Fracture Toughness. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:17753-17765. [PMID: 33822572 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Humans primarily interact with information technology through glass touch screens, and the world would indeed be unrecognizable without glass. However, the low toughness of oxide glasses continues to be their Achilles heel, limiting both future applications and the possibility to make thinner, more environmentally friendly glasses. Here, we show that with proper control of plasticity mechanisms, record-high values of fracture toughness for transparent bulk oxide glasses can be achieved. Through proper combination of gas-mediated permanent densification and rational composition design, we increase the glasses' propensity for plastic deformation. Specifically, we demonstrate a fracture toughness of an aluminoborate glass (1.4 MPa m0.5) that is twice as high as that of commercial glasses for mobile devices. Atomistic simulations reveal that the densification of the adaptive aluminoborate network increases coordination number changes and bond swapping, ultimately enhancing plasticity and toughness upon fracture. Our findings thus provide general insights into the intrinsic toughening mechanisms of oxide glasses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theany To
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, Aalborg East 9220, Denmark
| | - Søren S Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, Aalborg East 9220, Denmark
| | - Johan F S Christensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, Aalborg East 9220, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Christensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, Aalborg East 9220, Denmark
| | - Lars R Jensen
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Fibigerstræde 16, Aalborg East 9220, Denmark
| | - Michal Bockowski
- Institute of High-Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokołowska 29, Warsaw 0114, Poland
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, 7400 Boelter Hall, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Morten M Smedskjaer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, Aalborg East 9220, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Christensen R, Sørensen SS, Liu H, Li K, Bauchy M, Smedskjaer MM. Interatomic potential parameterization using particle swarm optimization: Case study of glassy silica. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:134505. [PMID: 33832276 DOI: 10.1063/5.0041183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical molecular dynamics simulations of glassy materials rely on the availability of accurate yet computationally efficient interatomic force fields. The parameterization of new potentials remains challenging due to the non-convex nature of the accompanying optimization problem, which renders the traditional optimization methods inefficient or subject to bias. In this study, we present a new parameterization method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO), which is a stochastic population-based optimization method. Using glassy silica as a case study, we introduce two interatomic potentials using PSO, which are parameterized so as to match structural features obtained from ab initio simulations and experimental neutron diffraction data. We find that the PSO algorithm is highly efficient at searching for and identifying viable potential parameters that reproduce the structural features used as the target in the parameterization. The presented approach is very general and can be easily applied to other interatomic potential parameterization schemes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Christensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Søren S Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Kevin Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Morten M Smedskjaer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tang L, Liu H, Ma G, Du T, Mousseau N, Zhou W, Bauchy M. The energy landscape governs ductility in disordered materials. Mater Horiz 2021; 8:1242-1252. [PMID: 34821917 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh00980f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Based on their structure, non-crystalline phases can fail in a brittle or ductile fashion. However, the nature of the link between structure and propensity for ductility in disordered materials has remained elusive. Here, based on molecular dynamics simulations of colloidal gels and silica glasses, we investigate how the degree of structural disorder affects the fracture of disordered materials. As expected, we observe that structural disorder results in an increase in ductility. By applying the activation-relaxation technique (an open-ended saddle point search algorithm), we demonstrate that the propensity for ductility is controlled by the topography of the energy landscape. Interestingly, we observe a power-law relationship between the particle non-affine displacement upon fracture and the average local energy barrier. This reveals that the dynamics of the particles upon fracture is encoded in the static energy landscape, i.e., before any load is applied. This relationship is shown to apply to several classes of non-crystalline materials (oxide and metallic glasses, amorphous solid, and colloidal gels), which suggests that it may be a generic feature of disordered materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longwen Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Falzone G, Mehdipour I, Neithalath N, Bauchy M, Simonetti D, Sant G. New insights into the mechanisms of carbon dioxide mineralization by portlandite. AIChE J 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Falzone
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California Los Angeles California USA
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM) University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Iman Mehdipour
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California Los Angeles California USA
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM) University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Narayanan Neithalath
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built‐Environment Arizona State University Tempe Arizona USA
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM) University of California Los Angeles California USA
- Laboratory for the Physics of Amorphous and Inorganic Solids (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Dante Simonetti
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM) University of California Los Angeles California USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California Los Angeles California USA
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM) University of California Los Angeles California USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Los Angeles California USA
- California Nanosystems Institute (CNSI) University of California Los Angeles California USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tang L, Ma G, Liu H, Zhou W, Bauchy M. Bulk Metallic Glasses' Response to Oscillatory Stress Is Governed by the Topography of the Energy Landscape. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:11294-11298. [PMID: 33231456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c08794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
When subjected to cyclic loading, bulk metallic glasses tend to exhibit fatigue-induced damage. Although fatigue is a key limitation of metallic glasses, its atomic origin remains elusive. Here, based on molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the response of metallic glasses prepared with varying cooling rates to oscillatory stress. We find that fatigue manifests itself as an accumulation of residual strain, which results from some nonaffine displacement of the atoms. Such local reorganizations are promoted under a high cooling rate. Importantly, we demonstrate that the fatigue-induced dynamics of the atoms is encoded in the topography of the static energy landscape, i.e., before any load is applied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longwen Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Gang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Han Liu
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tang L, Dong S, Arnold R, La Plante EC, Vega-Vila JC, Prentice D, Ellison K, Kumar A, Neithalath N, Simonetti D, Sant G, Bauchy M. Atomic Dislocations and Bond Rupture Govern Dissolution Enhancement under Acoustic Stimulation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:55399-55410. [PMID: 33258375 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
By focusing the power of sound, acoustic stimulation (i.e., often referred to as sonication) enables numerous "green chemistry" pathways to enhance chemical reaction rates, for instance, of mineral dissolution in aqueous environments. However, a clear understanding of the atomistic mechanism(s) by which acoustic stimulation promotes mineral dissolution remains unclear. Herein, by combining nanoscale observations of dissolving surface topographies using vertical scanning interferometry, quantifications of mineral dissolution rates via analysis of solution compositions using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, and classical molecular dynamics simulations, we reveal how acoustic stimulation induces dissolution enhancement. Across a wide range of minerals (Mohs hardness ranging from 3 to 7, surface energy ranging from 0.3 to 7.3 J/m2, and stacking fault energy ranging from 0.8 to 10.0 J/m2), we show that acoustic fields enhance mineral dissolution rates (reactivity) by inducing atomic dislocations and/or atomic bond rupture. The relative contributions of these mechanisms depend on the mineral's underlying mechanical properties. Based on this new understanding, we create a unifying model that comprehensively describes how cavitation and acoustic stimulation processes affect mineral dissolution rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longwen Tang
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shiqi Dong
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Ross Arnold
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Erika Callagon La Plante
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Juan Carlos Vega-Vila
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Dale Prentice
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kirk Ellison
- Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), Charlotte, North Carolina 28262-8550, United States
| | - Aditya Kumar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
| | - Narayanan Neithalath
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Dante Simonetti
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California Nanosystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bhagavathi Kandy S, Mehdipour I, Neithalath N, Bauchy M, Garboczi E, Srivastava S, Gaedt T, Sant G. Temperature-Induced Aggregation in Portlandite Suspensions. Langmuir 2020; 36:10811-10821. [PMID: 32799535 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is well known to affect the aggregation behavior of colloidal suspensions. This paper elucidates the temperature dependence of the rheology of portlandite (calcium hydroxide: Ca(OH)2) suspensions that feature a high ionic strength and a pH close to the particle's isoelectric point. In contrast to the viscosity of the suspending medium (saturated solution of Ca(OH)2 in water), the viscosity of Ca(OH)2 suspensions is found to increase with elevating temperature. This behavior is shown to arise from the temperature-induced aggregation of polydisperse Ca(OH)2 particulates because of the diminution of electrostatic repulsive forces with increasing temperature. The temperature dependence of the suspension viscosity is further shown to diminish with increasing particle volume fraction as a result of volumetric crowding and the formation of denser fractal structures in the suspension. Significantly, the temperature-dependent rheological response of suspensions is shown to be strongly affected by the suspending medium's properties, including ionic strength and ion valence, which affect aggregation kinetics. These outcomes provide new insights into aggregation processes that affect the temperature-dependent rheology of portlandite-based and similar suspensions that feature strong charge screening behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharu Bhagavathi Kandy
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Iman Mehdipour
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Narayanan Neithalath
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 86587, United States
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Laboratory for the Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Edward Garboczi
- Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
| | - Samanvaya Srivastava
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Torben Gaedt
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lehrstuhl für Bauchemie, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching , Germany
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California Nanosystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sørensen SS, Biscio CAN, Bauchy M, Fajstrup L, Smedskjaer MM. Revealing hidden medium-range order in amorphous materials using topological data analysis. Sci Adv 2020; 6:6/37/eabc2320. [PMID: 32917687 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc2320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the numerous technological applications of amorphous materials, such as glasses, the understanding of their medium-range order (MRO) structure-and particularly the origin of the first sharp diffraction peak (FSDP) in the structure factor-remains elusive. Here, we use persistent homology, an emergent type of topological data analysis, to understand MRO structure in sodium silicate glasses. To enable this analysis, we introduce a self-consistent categorization of rings with rigorous geometrical definitions of the structural entities. Furthermore, we enable quantitative comparison of the persistence diagrams by computing the cumulative sum of all points weighted by their lifetime. On the basis of these analysis methods, we show that the approach can be used to deconvolute the contributions of various MRO features to the FSDP. More generally, the developed methodology can be applied to analyze and categorize molecular dynamics data and understand MRO structure in any class of amorphous solids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Søren S Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lisbeth Fajstrup
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Aalborg University, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Morten M Smedskjaer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhao C, Zhou W, Zhou Q, Zhang Y, Liu H, Sant G, Liu X, Guo L, Bauchy M. Precipitation of calcium-alumino-silicate-hydrate gels: The role of the internal stress. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:014501. [PMID: 32640807 DOI: 10.1063/5.0010476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Concrete gains its strength from the precipitation of a calcium-alumino-silicate-hydrate (C-A-S-H) colloidal gel, which acts as its binding phase. However, despite concrete's ubiquity in the building environment, the atomic-scale mechanism of C-A-S-H precipitation is still unclear. Here, we use reactive molecular dynamics simulations to model the early-age precipitation of a C-A-S-H gel. We find that, upon gelation, silicate and aluminate precursors condensate and polymerize to form an aluminosilicate gel network. Notably, we demonstrate that the gelation reaction is driven by the existence of a mismatch of atomic-level internal stress between Si and Al polytopes, which are initially experiencing some local tension and compression, respectively. The polymerization of Si and Al polytopes enables the release of these competitive stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Yao Zhang
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Han Liu
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Xinghong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lijie Guo
- National Centre for International Research on Green Metal Mining, BGRIMM Technology Group, Beijing 100160, China
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Song W, Li X, Wang M, Bauchy M, Micoulaut M. Dynamic and stress signatures of the rigid intermediate phase in glass-forming liquids. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:221101. [PMID: 32534532 DOI: 10.1063/5.0007093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We study the evolution of enthalpic changes across the glass transition of model sodium silicate glasses (Na2O)x(SiO2)100-x, focusing on the detection of a flexible-rigid transition and a possible reversibility window in relationship with dynamic properties. We show that the hysteresis resulting from enthalpic relaxation during a numerical cooling-heating cycle is minimized for 12% ≤ x ≤ 20% Na2O, which echoes with the experimental observation. The key result is the identification of the physical features driving this anomalous behavior. The intermediate-flexible boundary is associated with a dynamic onset with increasing depolymerization that enhances the growing atomic motion with a reduced internal stress, whereas the intermediate-stressed rigid boundary exhibits a substantial increase in the temperature at which the relaxation is maximum. These results suggest an essentially dynamic origin for the intermediate phase observed in network glass-forming liquids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Song
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - X Li
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - M Wang
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - M Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - M Micoulaut
- Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
To T, Sørensen SS, Stepniewska M, Qiao A, Jensen LR, Bauchy M, Yue Y, Smedskjaer MM. Fracture toughness of a metal-organic framework glass. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2593. [PMID: 32444664 PMCID: PMC7244719 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16382-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal-organic framework glasses feature unique thermal, structural, and chemical properties compared to traditional metallic, organic, and oxide glasses. So far, there is a lack of knowledge of their mechanical properties, especially toughness and strength, owing to the challenge in preparing large bulk glass samples for mechanical testing. However, a recently developed melting method enables fabrication of large bulk glass samples (>25 mm3) from zeolitic imidazolate frameworks. Here, fracture toughness (KIc) of a representative glass, namely ZIF-62 glass (Zn(C3H3N2)1.75(C7H5N2)0.25), is measured using single-edge precracked beam method and simulated using reactive molecular dynamics. KIc is determined to be ~0.1 MPa m0.5, which is even lower than that of brittle oxide glasses due to the preferential breakage of the weak coordinative bonds (Zn-N). The glass is found to exhibit an anomalous brittle-to-ductile transition behavior, considering its low fracture surface energy despite similar Poisson’s ratio to that of many ductile metallic and organic glasses. Metal-organic framework glasses are gaining interest, but large samples are difficult to fabricate and mechanical properties are not well understood. Here, the authors use experiments and simulations to assess fracture toughness and flexural strength of a zeolitic imidazolate framework glass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theany To
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, DK-9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Søren S Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, DK-9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Malwina Stepniewska
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, DK-9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ang Qiao
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, DK-9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Lars R Jensen
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, DK-9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yuanzheng Yue
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, DK-9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Morten M Smedskjaer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, DK-9220, Aalborg, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bauchy M, Mauro JC, Smedskjaer MM. Bauchy et al. Reply. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:199602. [PMID: 32469581 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.199602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - John C Mauro
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Morten M Smedskjaer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang Z, Du T, Anoop Krishnan NM, Smedskjaer MM, Bauchy M. On the equivalence of vapor-deposited and melt-quenched glasses. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:164504. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0006590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Tao Du
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150090 Harbin, China
| | - N. M. Anoop Krishnan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Morten M. Smedskjaer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mehdipour I, Atahan H, Neithalath N, Bauchy M, Garboczi E, Sant G. How clay particulates affect flow cessation and the coiling stability of yield stress-matched cementing suspensions. Soft Matter 2020; 16:3929-3940. [PMID: 32240280 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm02414j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The remarkable increase in the flow resistance of dense suspensions can hinder 3D-printing processes on account of flow cessation in the extruder, and filament fragility/rupture following deposition. Understanding the nature of rheological changes that occur is critical to manipulate flow conditions or to dose flow modifiers for 3D-printing. Therefore, this paper elucidates the influences of clay particulates on controlling flow cessation and the shape stability of dense cementing suspensions that typically feature poor printability. A rope coiling method was implemented with varying stand-off distances to probe the buckling stability and tendency to fracture of dense suspensions that undergo stretching and bending during deposition. The contributions of flocculation and short-term percolation due to the kinetics of structure formation to deformation rate were deconvoluted using a stepped isostress method. It is shown that the shear stress indicates a divergence with a power-law scaling when the particle volume fraction approaches the jamming limit; φ → φj ≈ φmax. Such a power-law divergence of the shear stress decreases by a factor of 10 with increasing clay dosage. Such behavior in clay-containing suspensions arises from a decrease in the relative packing fraction (φ/φmax) and the formation of fractally-architected aggregates with stronger interparticle interactions, whose uniform arrangement controls flow cessation in the extruder and suspension homogeneity, thereby imparting greater buckling stability. The outcomes offer new insights for assessing/improving the extrudability and printability behavior during slurry-based 3D-printing process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iman Mehdipour
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Hakan Atahan
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. and Department of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Narayanan Neithalath
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Laboratory for the Physics of Amorphous and Inorganic Solids (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA and Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Edward Garboczi
- Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. and Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA and California Nanosystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Timmons J, Mehdipour I, Gao S, Atahan H, Neithalath N, Bauchy M, Garboczi E, Srivastava S, Sant G. Dispersing nano- and micro-sized portlandite particulates via electrosteric exclusion at short screening lengths. Soft Matter 2020; 16:3425-3435. [PMID: 32196056 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00045k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In spite of their high surface charge (zeta potential ζ = +34 mV), aqueous suspensions of portlandite (calcium hydroxide: Ca(OH)2) exhibit a strong tendency to aggregate, and thereby present unstable suspensions. While a variety of commercial dispersants seek to modify the suspension stability and rheology (e.g., yield stress, viscosity), it remains unclear how the performance of electrostatically and/or electrosterically based additives is affected in aqueous environments having either a high ionic strength and/or a pH close to the particle's isoelectric point (IEP). We show that the high native ionic strength (pH ≈ 12.6, IEP: pH ≈ 13) of saturated portlandite suspensions strongly screens electrostatic forces (Debye length: κ-1 = 1.2 nm). As a result, coulombic repulsion alone is insufficient to mitigate particle aggregation and affect rheology. However, a longer-range geometrical particle-particle exclusion that arises from electrosteric hindrance caused by the introduction of comb polyelectrolyte dispersants is very effective at altering the rheological properties and fractal structuring of suspensions. As a result, comb-like dispersants that stretch into the solvent reduce the suspension's yield stress by 5× at similar levels of adsorption as compared to linear dispersants, thus enhancing the critical solid loading (i.e., at which jamming occurs) by 1.4×. Significantly, the behavior of diverse dispersants is found to be inherently related to the thickness of the adsorbed polymer layer on particle surfaces. These outcomes inform the design of dispersants for concentrated suspensions that present strong charge screening behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Timmons
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. and Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Iman Mehdipour
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Shang Gao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Hakan Atahan
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA and Department of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Narayanan Neithalath
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 86587, USA
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Laboratory for the Physics of Amorphous and Inorganic Solids (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA and Institute for Carbon Management, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Edward Garboczi
- Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | - Samanvaya Srivastava
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. and Institute for Carbon Management, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. and Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA and Institute for Carbon Management, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA and California Nanosystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Liu H, Li Y, Fu Z, Li K, Bauchy M. Exploring the landscape of Buckingham potentials for silica by machine learning: Soft vs hard interatomic forcefields. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:051101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5136041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Yipeng Li
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Zipeng Fu
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Kevin Li
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Januchta K, Stepniewska M, Jensen LR, Zhang Y, Somers MAJ, Bauchy M, Yue Y, Smedskjaer MM. Breaking the Limit of Micro-Ductility in Oxide Glasses. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2019; 6:1901281. [PMID: 31559141 PMCID: PMC6755546 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxide glasses are one of the most important engineering and functional material families owing to their unique features, such as tailorable physical properties. However, at the same time intrinsic brittleness has been their main drawback, which severely restricts many applications. Despite much progress, a breakthrough in developing ultra-damage-resistant and ductile oxide glasses still needs to be made. Here, a critical advancement toward such oxide glasses is presented. In detail, a bulk oxide glass with a record-high crack resistance is obtained by subjecting a caesium aluminoborate glass to surface aging under humid conditions, enabling it to sustain sharp contact deformations under loads of ≈500 N without forming any strength-limiting cracks. This ultra-high crack resistance exceeds that of the annealed oxide glasses by more than one order of magnitude, making this glass micro-ductile. In addition, a remarkable indentation behavior, i.e., a time-dependent shrinkage of the indent cavity, is demonstrated. Based on structural analyses, a molecular-scale deformation model to account for both the ultra-high crack resistance and the time-dependent shrinkage in the studied glass is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kacper Januchta
- Department of Chemistry and BioscienceAalborg UniversityFredrik Bajers Vej 7H9220Aalborg EastDenmark
| | - Malwina Stepniewska
- Department of Chemistry and BioscienceAalborg UniversityFredrik Bajers Vej 7H9220Aalborg EastDenmark
| | - Lars R. Jensen
- Department of Materials and ProductionAalborg UniversityFibigerstræde 169220Aalborg EastDenmark
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkProduktionstorvet 4252800Kongens LyngbyDenmark
| | - Marcel A. J. Somers
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkProduktionstorvet 4252800Kongens LyngbyDenmark
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of California Los Angeles7400 Boelter HallLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Yuanzheng Yue
- Department of Chemistry and BioscienceAalborg UniversityFredrik Bajers Vej 7H9220Aalborg EastDenmark
| | - Morten M. Smedskjaer
- Department of Chemistry and BioscienceAalborg UniversityFredrik Bajers Vej 7H9220Aalborg EastDenmark
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wilkinson CJ, Potter AR, Welch RS, Bragatto C, Zheng Q, Bauchy M, Affatigato M, Feller SA, Mauro JC. Topological Origins of the Mixed Alkali Effect in Glass. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:7482-7489. [PMID: 31369267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b06512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The mixed alkali effect, the deviation from expected linear property changes when alkali ions are mixed in a glass, remains a point of contention in the glass community. While several earlier models have been proposed to explain mixed alkali effects on ionic motion, models based on or containing discussion of structural aspects of mixed-alkali glasses remain rare by comparison. However, the transition-range viscosity depression effect is many orders in magnitude for mixed-alkali glasses, and the original observation of the effect (then known as the Thermometer Effect) concerned the highly anomalous temperature dependence of stress and structural relaxation time constants. With this in mind, a new structural model based on topological constraint theory is proposed herein which elucidates the origin of the mixed alkali effect as a consequence of network strain due to differing cation radii. Discussion of literature models and data alongside new molecular dynamics simulations and experimental data are presented in support of the model, with good agreement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Collin J Wilkinson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| | - Arron R Potter
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy , New York 12180 , United States
| | - Rebecca S Welch
- Department of Physics , Coe College , Cedar Rapids , Iowa 52402 , United States
| | - Caio Bragatto
- Department of Physics , Coe College , Cedar Rapids , Iowa 52402 , United States
| | - Qiuju Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Qilu University of Technology , Jinan , 250353 , China
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Mario Affatigato
- Department of Physics , Coe College , Cedar Rapids , Iowa 52402 , United States
| | - Steven A Feller
- Department of Physics , Coe College , Cedar Rapids , Iowa 52402 , United States
| | - John C Mauro
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Østergaard MB, Hansen SR, Januchta K, To T, Rzoska SJ, Bockowski M, Bauchy M, Smedskjaer MM. Revisiting the Dependence of Poisson's Ratio on Liquid Fragility and Atomic Packing Density in Oxide Glasses. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:E2439. [PMID: 31370218 PMCID: PMC6696245 DOI: 10.3390/ma12152439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Poisson's ratio (ν) defines a material's propensity to laterally expand upon compression, or laterally shrink upon tension for non-auxetic materials. This fundamental metric has traditionally, in some fields, been assumed to be a material-independent constant, but it is clear that it varies with composition across glasses, ceramics, metals, and polymers. The intrinsically elastic metric has also been suggested to control a range of properties, even beyond the linear-elastic regime. Notably, metallic glasses show a striking brittle-to-ductile (BTD) transition for ν-values above ~0.32. The BTD transition has also been suggested to be valid for oxide glasses, but, unfortunately, direct prediction of Poisson's ratio from chemical composition remains challenging. With the long-term goal to discover such high-ν oxide glasses, we here revisit whether previously proposed relationships between Poisson's ratio and liquid fragility (m) and atomic packing density (Cg) hold for oxide glasses, since this would enable m and Cg to be used as surrogates for ν. To do so, we have performed an extensive literature review and synthesized new oxide glasses within the zinc borate and aluminoborate families that are found to exhibit high Poisson's ratio values up to ~0.34. We are not able to unequivocally confirm the universality of the Novikov-Sokolov correlation between ν and m and that between ν and Cg for oxide glass-formers, nor for the organic, ionic, chalcogenide, halogenide, or metallic glasses. Despite significant scatter, we do, however, observe an overall increase in ν with increasing m and Cg, but it is clear that additional structural details besides m or Cg are needed to predict and understand the composition dependence of Poisson's ratio. Finally, we also infer from literature data that, in addition to high ν, high Young's modulus is also needed to obtain glasses with high fracture toughness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin B Østergaard
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg East, Denmark
| | - Søren R Hansen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg East, Denmark
| | - Kacper Januchta
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg East, Denmark
| | - Theany To
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg East, Denmark
| | - Sylwester J Rzoska
- Institute of High-Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Bockowski
- Institute of High-Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Morten M Smedskjaer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg East, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang M, Smedskjaer MM, Mauro JC, Bauchy M. Modifier clustering and avoidance principle in borosilicate glasses: A molecular dynamics study. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:044502. [PMID: 30709277 DOI: 10.1063/1.5051746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxide glasses are typically described as having a random, disordered skeleton of network-forming polyhedra that are depolymerized by network-modifying cations. However, the existence of local heterogeneity or clustering within the network-forming and network-modifying species remains unclear. Here, based on molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the atomic structure of a series of borosilicate glasses. We show that the network-modifying cations exhibit some level of clustering that depends on composition-in agreement with Greaves' modified random network model. In addition, we demonstrate the existence of some mutual avoidance among network-forming atoms, which echoes the Loewenstein avoidance principle typically observed in aluminosilicate phases. Importantly, we demonstrate that the degree of heterogeneity in the spatial distribution of the network modifiers is controlled by the level of ordering in the interconnectivity of the network formers. Specifically, the mutual avoidance of network formers is found to decrease the propensity for modifier clustering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Wang
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Morten M Smedskjaer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - John C Mauro
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Okoronkwo MU, Balonis M, Juenger M, Bauchy M, Neithalath N, Sant G. Stability of Calcium–Alumino Layered-Double-Hydroxide Nanocomposites in Aqueous Electrolytes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Monday U. Okoronkwo
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
| | | | - Maria Juenger
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | | | - Narayanan Neithalath
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built-Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yang K, Kachmar A, Wang B, Krishnan NMA, Balonis M, Sant G, Bauchy M. New insights into the atomic structure of amorphous TiO 2 using tight-binding molecular dynamics. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:094501. [PMID: 30195301 DOI: 10.1063/1.5042783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Amorphous TiO2 (a-TiO2) could offer an attractive alternative to conventional crystalline TiO2 phases for photocatalytic applications. However, the atomic structure of a-TiO2 remains poorly understood with respect to that of its crystalline counterparts. Here, we conduct some classical molecular dynamics simulations of a-TiO2 based on a selection of empirical potentials. We show that, on account of its ability to dynamically assign the charge of each atom based on its local environment, the second-moment tight-binding charge equilibration potential yields an unprecedented agreement with available experimental data. Based on these simulations, we investigate the degree of order and disorder in a-TiO2. Overall, the results suggest that a-TiO2 features a large flexibility in its local topology, which may explain the high sensitivity of its structure to the synthesis method being used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1593, USA
| | - Ali Kachmar
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Bu Wang
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1593, USA
| | - N M Anoop Krishnan
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1593, USA
| | - Magdalena Balonis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1593, USA
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1593, USA
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1593, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Timmons J, Falzone G, Balonis M, Bauchy M, Sant G. Anomalous variations in the viscous activation energy of suspensions induced by fractal structuring. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 530:603-609. [PMID: 30005237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS In suspensions, the activation energy of viscous flow is an important property that controls the temperature dependence of the viscosity. However, the differentiated roles of the properties of the liquid phase and the structure of the solid particles in controlling the activation energy remain unclear. We propose here that particle fractal structuring yields an anomalous behavior in the activation energy of viscous flow. EXPERIMENTS The rheology of two series of suspensions consisting of glass beads suspended in poly(1-decene) was investigated over a wide range of solid volume fractions (0.00 ≤ φ ≤ 0.55). These suspensions were characterized by their viscosity (η, Pa∙s) via shear rate sweeps and by their yield stress (Pa) via oscillatory amplitude sweeps. FINDINGS Interestingly, for suspensions consisting of nominally smaller particles (d50 ≈ 5 µm), we observe an anomalous decrease in the activation energy (Ea, kJ/mol) of viscous flow with increasing solid fraction. Based on oscillatory rheology analyses, it is suggested that such anomalous behavior arises due to entropic effects that result from the formation of fractally-architected cooperatively rearranging regions (i.e., agglomerates) in the suspension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Timmons
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC(2)), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gabriel Falzone
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC(2)), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Magdalena Balonis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Laboratory for the Physics of Amorphous and Inorganic Solids (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC(2)), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Du T, Li H, Sant G, Bauchy M. New insights into the sol-gel condensation of silica by reactive molecular dynamics simulations. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:234504. [PMID: 29935513 DOI: 10.1063/1.5027583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The sol-gel method is an attractive technique to synthesize homogeneous silicate glasses with high purity while relying on a lower synthesis temperature than in the melt-quench method. However, the mechanism and kinetics of the condensation of the silicate network in aqueous solution remain unclear. Here, based on reactive molecular dynamics simulations (ReaxFF), we investigate the sol-gel condensation kinetics of a silica glass. The influence of the potential parametrization and system size is assessed. Our simulation methodology is found to offer good agreement with experiments. We show that the aqueous concentration of the Si(OH)4 precursors and the local degree of polymerization of the Si atoms play a crucial role in controlling the condensation activation energy. Based on our simulations, we demonstrate that the gelation reaction is driven by the existence of some local atomic stress that gets released upon condensation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Du
- Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education, 150090 Harbin, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education, 150090 Harbin, China
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Frederiksen KF, Januchta K, Mascaraque N, Youngman RE, Bauchy M, Rzoska SJ, Bockowski M, Smedskjaer MM. Structural Compromise between High Hardness and Crack Resistance in Aluminoborate Glasses. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:6287-6295. [PMID: 29767513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b02905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alkali aluminoborate glasses have recently been shown to exhibit a high threshold for indentation cracking compared to other bulk oxide glasses. However, to enable the use of these materials in engineering applications, there is a need to improve their hardness by tuning the chemical composition. In this study, we substitute alkaline earth for alkali network-modifying species at fixed aluminoborate base glass composition and correlate it with changes in the structure, mechanical properties, and densification behavior. We find that the increase in field strength (i.e., the charge-to-size ratio) achieved by substituting alkaline earth oxide from BaO to MgO manifests itself in a monotonic increase in several properties, such as atomic packing density, glass-transition temperature, densification ability, indentation hardness, and crack resistance. Although the use of alkaline earth oxides as modifier enables higher hardness values (increasing from 2.0 GPa for Cs to 5.8 GPa for Mg), their crack resistance is generally lower than that of the corresponding alkali aluminoborate glasses. We discuss the origin of this compromise between hardness and crack resistance in terms of the ability of the glass networks to undergo structural transformations and self-adapt under stress. We show that the extent of volume densification scales linearly with the number of pressure-induced coordination number changes of B and Al.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Randall E Youngman
- Science and Technology Division , Corning Incorporated , Corning , New York 14831 , United States
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Sylwester J Rzoska
- Institute of High-Pressure Physics , Polish Academy of Sciences , Warsaw 01-142 , Poland
| | - Michal Bockowski
- Institute of High-Pressure Physics , Polish Academy of Sciences , Warsaw 01-142 , Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Guo P, La Plante EC, Wang B, Chen X, Balonis M, Bauchy M, Sant G. Direct observation of pitting corrosion evolutions on carbon steel surfaces at the nano-to-micro- scales. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7990. [PMID: 29789654 PMCID: PMC5964123 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cl−-induced corrosion of metals and alloys is of relevance to a wide range of engineered materials, structures, and systems. Because of the challenges in studying pitting corrosion in a quantitative and statistically significant manner, its kinetics remain poorly understood. Herein, by direct, nano- to micro-scale observations using vertical scanning interferometry (VSI), we examine the temporal evolution of pitting corrosion on AISI 1045 carbon steel over large surface areas in Cl−-free, and Cl−-enriched solutions. Special focus is paid to examine the nucleation and growth of pits, and the associated formation of roughened regions on steel surfaces. By statistical analysis of hundreds of individual pits, three stages of pitting corrosion, namely, induction, propagation, and saturation, are quantitatively distinguished. By quantifying the kinetics of these processes, we contextualize our current understanding of electrochemical corrosion within a framework that considers spatial dynamics and morphology evolutions. In the presence of Cl− ions, corrosion is highly accelerated due to multiple autocatalytic factors including destabilization of protective surface oxide films and preservation of aggressive microenvironments within the pits, both of which promote continued pit nucleation and growth. These findings offer new insights into predicting and modeling steel corrosion processes in mid-pH aqueous environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Guo
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Erika Callagon La Plante
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Bu Wang
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Xin Chen
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Magdalena Balonis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Laboratory for the Physics of Amorphous and Inorganic Solids (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States. .,California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Yu Y, Krishnan NMA, Smedskjaer MM, Sant G, Bauchy M. The hydrophilic-to-hydrophobic transition in glassy silica is driven by the atomic topology of its surface. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:074503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5010934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yingtian Yu
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - N. M. Anoop Krishnan
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Morten M. Smedskjaer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- California Nanosystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Mathieu Bauchy
- Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Oey T, Hsiao YH, Callagon E, Wang B, Pignatelli I, Bauchy M, Sant GN. Rate controls on silicate dissolution in cementitious environments. RILEM Tech Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.21809/rilemtechlett.2017.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The dissolution rate of silicate minerals and glasses in alkaline environments is of importance in cementitious systems due to its influences on: (a) early-age reactivity that affects the rate of strength gain and microstructure formation, and/or, (b) chemical durability of aggregates; compromises in which can result deleterious processes such as alkali-silica reaction (ASR). In spite of decades of study, quantitative linkages between the atomic structure of silicates and their dissolution rate in aqueous media (i.e., chemical reactivity) has remained elusive. Recently, via pioneering applications of molecular dynamics simulations and nanoscale-resolved measurements of dissolution rates using vertical scanning interferometry, a quantitative basis has been established to link silicate dissolution rates to the topology (rigidity) of their atomic networks. Specifically, an Arrhenius-like expression is noted to capture the dependence between silicate dissolution rates and the average number of constraints placed on a central atom in a network (nc, i.e., an indicator of the network’s rigidity). This finding is demonstrated by: (i) ordering fly ashes spanning Ca-rich/poor variants in terms of their reactivity, and, (ii) assessing alterations in the reactivity of albite, and quartz following irradiation due to their potential to induce ASR in concrete exposed to radiation, e.g., in nuclear power plants.
Collapse
|
48
|
Abdolhosseini Qomi MJ, Ebrahimi D, Bauchy M, Pellenq R, Ulm FJ. Methodology for Estimation of Nanoscale Hardness via Atomistic Simulations. J Nanomech Micromech 2017. [DOI: 10.1061/(asce)nm.2153-5477.0000127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
|
49
|
Hsiao YH, La Plante EC, Krishnan NMA, Le Pape Y, Neithalath N, Bauchy M, Sant G. Effects of Irradiation on Albite’s Chemical Durability. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:7835-7845. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b05098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yann Le Pape
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Narayanan Neithalath
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Krishnan NMA, Wang B, Sant G, Phillips JC, Bauchy M. Revealing the Effect of Irradiation on Cement Hydrates: Evidence of a Topological Self-Organization. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:32377-32385. [PMID: 28870068 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b09405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the crucial role of concrete in the construction of nuclear power plants, the effects of radiation exposure (i.e., in the form of neutrons) on the calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H, i.e., the glue of concrete) remain largely unknown. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we systematically investigate the effects of irradiation on the structure of C-S-H across a range of compositions. Expectedly, although C-S-H is more resistant to irradiation than typical crystalline silicates, such as quartz, we observe that radiation exposure affects C-S-H's structural order, silicate mean chain length, and the amount of molecular water that is present in the atomic network. By topological analysis, we show that these "structural effects" arise from a self-organization of the atomic network of C-S-H upon irradiation. This topological self-organization is driven by the (initial) presence of atomic eigenstress in the C-S-H network and is facilitated by the presence of water in the network. Overall, we show that C-S-H exhibits an optimal resistance to radiation damage when its atomic network is isostatic (at Ca/Si = 1.5). Such an improved understanding of the response of C-S-H to irradiation can pave the way to the design of durable concrete for radiation applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - James C Phillips
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8019, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|