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Wu R, Tian G, Zhang S, Zhang P, Lei X. A Comprehensive Review: Versatile Imaging Probe Based on Chemical Materials for Biomedical Applications. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-05043-w. [PMID: 39215904 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-05043-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Imaging probe and contrast agents play significant role in combating cancer. Based on special chemical materials, imaging probe can convert cancer symptoms into information-rich images with high sensitivity and signal amplification, accompanying with detection, diagnosis, drug delivery and treatment. In the paper, some inorganic and organic chemical materials as imaging probe, including Ultrasound imaging (US), Optical imaging (OP), Photoacoustic imaging (PA), X-ray Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI), Radionuclide imaging (RNI) probe, as well as multi-modality imaging probe for diagnosis and therapy of tumour were introduced. The sophisticated and comprehensive chemical materials as imaging probe were highlighted in detail. Meanwhile, the advantages and disadvantages of the imaging probe were compared. In order to provide some reference and help researchers for construction imaging probe for tumour diagnosis and treatment, it attempts to exhaustively cover the whole field. Finally, the prospect and challenge for imaging probe were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Guanghui Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shengrui Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyun Lei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, Shaanxi, China
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2
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Rasheed PA, Ankitha M, Pillai VK, Alwarappan S. Graphene quantum dots for biosensing and bioimaging. RSC Adv 2024; 14:16001-16023. [PMID: 38765479 PMCID: PMC11099990 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01431f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs) are low dimensional carbon based materials with interesting physical, chemical and biological properties that enable their applications in numerous fields. GQDs possess unique electronic structures that impart special functional attributes such as tunable optical/electrical properties in addition to heteroatom-doping and more importantly a propensity for surface functionalization for applications in biosensing and bioimaging. Herein, we review the recent advancements in the top-down and bottom-up approaches for the synthesis of GQDs. Following this, we present a detailed review of the various surface properties of GQDs and their applications in bioimaging and biosensing. GQDs have been used for fluorescence imaging for visualizing tumours and monitoring the therapeutic responses in addition to magnetic resonance imaging applications. Similarly, the photoluminescence based biosensing applications of GQDs for the detection of hydrogen peroxide, micro RNA, DNA, horse radish peroxidase, heavy metal ions, negatively charged ions, cardiac troponin, etc. are discussed in this review. Finally, we conclude the review with a discussion on future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Abdul Rasheed
- Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad Palakkad Kerala 678 557 India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad Palakkad Kerala 678 557 India
| | - Menon Ankitha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad Palakkad Kerala 678 557 India
| | - Vijayamohanan K Pillai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Rami Reddy Nagar Mangalam Tirupati AP 517507 India
| | - Subbiah Alwarappan
- Electrodics & Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute Karaikudi 630003 Tamilnadu India
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3
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Mitochondria-targeted fluorescent probe with long wavelength emission for detecting H 2S and its application in foodstuff, water and living cells. Food Chem 2023; 410:135411. [PMID: 36623459 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is crucial to cellular energy production, apoptosis, and redox homeostasis in mitochondria of living cells. In this work, a unique mitochondria-targeting fluorescence probe (DDMI) was established for H2S determination based on styrylpyridinium scaffold. When DDMI was treated with H2S, it showed significant fluorescence enhancement at 623 nm, with good selectivity, and high sensitivity. In addition, the "turn-on" fluorescent probe DDMI could detect H2S in water samples with good recoveries in the range of 95.4 %-105.6 % and track the degree of food spoilage by visualizing the change of DDMI-loaded test strips. Furthermore, the established probe DDMI was successfully used for monitoring exogenous H2S in living cells and mitochondria targeting. These results paved the way for success in developing a technology that could be used to identify H2S in environment, foodstuff, and living cells.
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4
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Xiao X, Shen Y, Zhou X, Sun B, Wang Y, Cao J. Innovative nanotechnology-driven fluorescence assays for reporting hydrogen sulfide in food-related matrices. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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5
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Li Z, Deng X, Hong X, Zhao S. Nanozyme Based on Dispersion of Hemin by Graphene Quantum Dots for Colorimetric Detection of Glutathione. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206779. [PMID: 36296372 PMCID: PMC9608629 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with natural enzymes, nanozymes have the advantages of good catalytic performance, high stability, low cost, and can be used under extreme conditions. Preparation of highly active nanozymes through simple methods and their application in bioanalysis is highly desirable. In this work, a nanozyme based on dispersion of hemin by graphene quantum dot (GQD) is demonstrated, which enables colorimetric detection of glutathione (GSH). GQD was prepared by a one-step hydrothermal synthesis method. Hemin, the catalytic center of heme protein but with low solubility and easy aggregation that limits its catalytic activity, can be dispersed with GQD by simple sonication. The as-prepared Hemin/GQD nanocomplex had excellent peroxidase-like activity and can be applied as a nanozyme. In comparison with natural horseradish peroxidase (HRP), Hemin/GQD nanozyme exhibited a clearly reduced Michaelis–Menten constant (Km) when tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) was used as the substrate. With H2O2 being the substrate, Hemin/GQD nanozyme exhibited a higher maximum reaction rate (Vmax) than HRP. The mechanisms underlying the nanozyme activity were investigated through a free radical trapping experiment. A colorimetric platform capable of sensitive detection of GSH was developed as the proof-of-concept demonstration. The linear detection range was from 1 μM to 50 μM with a low limit of detection of 200 nM (S/N = 3). Determination of GSH in serum samples was also achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoshen Li
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaochun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaoping Hong
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Correspondence: (X.H.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shengfa Zhao
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Correspondence: (X.H.); (S.Z.)
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6
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Zou Y, Zhou X, Xie L, Tang H, Yan F. Vertically-Ordered Mesoporous Silica Films Grown on Boron Nitride-Graphene Composite Modified Electrodes for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Carbendazim in Real Samples. Front Chem 2022; 10:939510. [PMID: 35903187 PMCID: PMC9314778 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.939510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbendazim (CBZ), a kind of widely used pesticide, is harmful to human health and environmental ecology. Therefore, it is of great importance to detect CBZ in real samples. Herein we report the stable growth of vertically-ordered mesoporous silica films (VMSF) on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using boron nitride-reduced graphene oxide (BN-rGO) nanocomposite as an adhesive and electroactive layer. Oxygen-containing groups of rGO and 2D planar structure of BN-rGO hybrid favor the stable growth of VMSF via the electrochemically assisted self-assembly (EASA) method. Combining the good electrocatalytic activity of BN-rGO and the enrichment effect of VMSF, the proposed VMSF/BN-rGO/GCE can detect CBZ with high sensitivity (3.70 μA/μM), a wide linear range (5 nM–7 μM) and a low limit of detection (2 nM). Furthermore, due to the inherent anti-fouling and anti-interference capacity of VMSF, direct and rapid electrochemical analyses of CBZ in pond water and grape juice samples are also achieved without the use of complicated sample treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Zou
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liuhong Xie
- The First Clinical Faculty of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Hongliang Tang
- Affiliated Fangchenggang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Fangchenggang, China
- *Correspondence: Hongliang Tang, ; Fei Yan,
| | - Fei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hongliang Tang, ; Fei Yan,
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Cheng
- Renmin University of China Ringgold standard institution – Department of Chemistry Zhongguancun street 59th Beijing 100872 China
| | - Li Zhang
- Renmin University of China Ringgold standard institution – Department of Chemistry Zhongguancun street 59th Beijing 100872 China
| | - Meining Zhang
- Renmin University of China Ringgold standard institution – Department of Chemistry Zhongguancun street 59th Beijing 100872 China
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8
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Kansara V, Tiwari S, Patel M. Graphene quantum dots: A review on the effect of synthesis parameters and theranostic applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112605. [PMID: 35688109 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The rising demand for early-stage diagnosis of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative can be met with the development of materials offering high sensitivity and specificity. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have been investigated extensively for theranostic applications owing to their superior photostability and high aqueous dispersibility. These are attractive for a range of biomedical applications as their physicochemical and optoelectronic properties can be tuned precisely. However, many aspects of these properties remain to be explored. In the present review, we have discussed the effect of synthetic parameters upon their physicochemical characteristics relevant to bioimaging. We have highlighted the effect of particle properties upon sensing of biological molecules through 'turn-on' and 'turn-off' fluorescence and generation of electrochemical signals. After describing the effect of surface chemistry and solution pH on optical properties, an inclusive view on application of GQDs in drug delivery and radiation therapy has been given. Finally, a brief overview on their application in gene therapy has also been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vrushti Kansara
- Maliba Pharmacy College, Uka Tarsadia University, Gujarat, India
| | - Sanjay Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mitali Patel
- Maliba Pharmacy College, Uka Tarsadia University, Gujarat, India.
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9
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Zhou Y, Mazur F, Fan Q, Chandrawati R. Synthetic nanoprobes for biological hydrogen sulfide detection and imaging. VIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20210008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhu Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN) The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney) Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Federico Mazur
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN) The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney) Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Qingqing Fan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN) The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney) Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Rona Chandrawati
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN) The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney) Sydney New South Wales Australia
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10
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Ghaffarkhah A, Hosseini E, Kamkar M, Sehat AA, Dordanihaghighi S, Allahbakhsh A, van der Kuur C, Arjmand M. Synthesis, Applications, and Prospects of Graphene Quantum Dots: A Comprehensive Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2102683. [PMID: 34549513 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202102683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dot (GQD) is one of the youngest superstars of the carbon family. Since its emergence in 2008, GQD has attracted a great deal of attention due to its unique optoelectrical properties. Non-zero bandgap, the ability to accommodate functional groups and dopants, excellent dispersibility, highly tunable properties, and biocompatibility are among the most important characteristics of GQDs. To date, GQDs have displayed significant momentum in numerous fields such as energy devices, catalysis, sensing, photodynamic and photothermal therapy, drug delivery, and bioimaging. As this field is rapidly evolving, there is a strong need to identify the emerging challenges of GQDs in recent advances, mainly because some novel applications and numerous innovations on the ease of synthesis of GQDs are not systematically reviewed in earlier studies. This feature article provides a comparative and balanced discussion of recent advances in synthesis, properties, and applications of GQDs. Besides, current challenges and future prospects of these emerging carbon-based nanomaterials are also highlighted. The outlook provided in this review points out that the future of GQD research is boundless, particularly if upcoming studies focus on the ease of purification and eco-friendly synthesis along with improving the photoluminescence quantum yield and production yield of GQDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmadreza Ghaffarkhah
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Ehsan Hosseini
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Milad Kamkar
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Ali Akbari Sehat
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Sara Dordanihaghighi
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Ahmad Allahbakhsh
- Department of Materials and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Colin van der Kuur
- ZEN Graphene Solutions, 210-1205 Amber Dr., Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 6M4, Canada
| | - Mohammad Arjmand
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
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11
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Liang X, Zhang W, Zhang M, Qiu G, Zhang Y, Luo T, Kong C. Facile synthesis of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots as nanocarbon emitters for sensitive detection of catechol. RSC Adv 2022; 12:25778-25785. [PMID: 36199357 PMCID: PMC9461467 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04209f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of nanomaterial-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emitters is highly desirable for the fabrication and wide applications of ECL sensors. Herein, nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) were easily synthesized as nanocarbon emitters with anodic ECL for sensitive ECL determination of catechol (CC). Facile synthesis of NGQDs was easily achieved using molecular fusion of a carbon precursor in a one-step hydrothermal process. The synthesis has advantages of simple and convenient operation and high yield. The as-prepared NGQDs have uniform size, good crystallinity, single-layered graphene structure, and excitation-independent fluorescence. In the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), NGQDs exhibit high anodic ECL owing to the presence of functional hydrazide groups. As CC could significantly reduce the ECL intensity of NGQDs, sensitive determination of CC was realized with a linear range from 100 nM to 10 μM and 10 μM to 60 μM with a low limit of detection (LOD, 42 nM). The determination of CC in environmental water was also achieved with high reliability. Nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots are easily synthesized and can be used as nanocarbon emitters for sensitive electrochemiluminescence detection of catechol.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayi Liang
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 71 Hedi Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 71 Hedi Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 71 Hedi Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Guanhua Qiu
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 71 Hedi Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Province, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 71 Hedi Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Cunqing Kong
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 71 Hedi Road, Nanning 530021, China
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12
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Chen BB, Huang CZ. Preparation of carbon dots and their sensing applications. SENSING AND BIOSENSING WITH OPTICALLY ACTIVE NANOMATERIALS 2022:9-40. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-90244-1.00005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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13
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Rezaii E, Miardan LN, Mahkam M, Soltani B, Ziegler CJ. New rout for synthesizing triammonium citrate crystal with unique crystallography and its application in synthesizing nitrogen doped graphene quantum dot. MAIN GROUP CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/mgc-210132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Triammonium citrate crystal (TAC) has many applications in food, pharmaceutical, agricultural and other industries. In this work, TAC crystals were synthesized using a new method and with the least use of materials and tools. This crystal has a unique structure and special and new angles and bonds that were identified by crystallography. This crystal was then used to synthesize nitrogen- doped graphene quantum dot (N-GQD) with hydrothermal method. Synthesized N-GQD has particular morphology, fluorescence and viscosity. Compared with other nitrogen compounds necessary for N-GQDs synthesis, ammonia is much more suitable due to its low toxicity and stability. Synthesized TAC and N-GQD were identified by FT-IR, XRD, TGA, EDS, SEM, crystallography and fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Rezaii
- Department of Chemistry, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mehrdad Mahkam
- Department of Chemistry, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Soltani
- Department of Chemistry, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
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14
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Direct and Indirect Genotoxicity of Graphene Family Nanomaterials on DNA-A Review. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11112889. [PMID: 34835652 PMCID: PMC8625643 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Graphene family nanomaterials (GFNs), including graphene, graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and graphene quantum dots (GQDs), have manifold potential applications, leading to the possibility of their release into environments and the exposure to humans and other organisms. However, the genotoxicity of GFNs on DNA remains largely unknown. In this review, we highlight the interactions between DNA and GFNs and summarize the mechanisms of genotoxicity induced by GFNs. Generally, the genotoxicity can be sub-classified into direct genotoxicity and indirect genotoxicity. The direct genotoxicity (e.g., direct physical nucleus and DNA damage) and indirect genotoxicity mechanisms (e.g., physical destruction, oxidative stress, epigenetic toxicity, and DNA replication) of GFNs were summarized in the manuscript, respectively. Moreover, the influences factors, such as physicochemical properties, exposure dose, and time, on the genotoxicity of GFNs are also briefly discussed. Given the important role of genotoxicity in GFNs exposure risk assessment, future research should be conducted on the following: (1) developing reliable testing methods; (2) elucidating the response mechanisms associated with genotoxicity in depth; and (3) enriching the evaluation database regarding the type of GFNs, applied dosages, and exposure times.
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15
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Iannazzo D, Espro C, Celesti C, Ferlazzo A, Neri G. Smart Biosensors for Cancer Diagnosis Based on Graphene Quantum Dots. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3194. [PMID: 34206792 PMCID: PMC8269110 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The timely diagnosis of cancer represents the best chance to increase treatment success and to reduce cancer deaths. Nanomaterials-based biosensors containing graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as a sensing platform show great promise in the early and sensitive detection of cancer biomarkers, due to their unique chemical and physical properties, large surface area and ease of functionalization with different biomolecules able to recognize relevant cancer biomarkers. In this review, we report different advanced strategies for the synthesis and functionalization of GQDs with different agents able to selectively recognize and convert into a signal specific cancer biomarkers such as antigens, enzymes, hormones, proteins, cancer related byproducts, biomolecules exposed on the surface of cancer cells and changes in pH. The developed optical, electrochemical and chemiluminescent biosensors based on GQDs have been shown to ensure the effective diagnosis of several cancer diseases as well as the possibility to evaluate the effectiveness of anticancer therapy. The wide linear range of detection and low detection limits recorded for most of the reported biosensors highlight their great potential in clinics for the diagnosis and management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Iannazzo
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada Di Dio, 98166 Messina, Italy; (C.E.); (C.C.); (A.F.); (G.N.)
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16
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Chung S, Revia RA, Zhang M. Graphene Quantum Dots and Their Applications in Bioimaging, Biosensing, and Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e1904362. [PMID: 31833101 PMCID: PMC7289657 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are carbon-based, nanoscale particles that exhibit excellent chemical, physical, and biological properties that allow them to excel in a wide range of applications in nanomedicine. The unique electronic structure of GQDs confers functional attributes onto these nanomaterials such as strong and tunable photoluminescence for use in fluorescence bioimaging and biosensing, a high loading capacity of aromatic compounds for small-molecule drug delivery, and the ability to absorb incident radiation for use in the cancer-killing techniques of photothermal and photodynamic therapy. Recent advances in the development of GQDs as novel, multifunctional biomaterials are presented with a focus on their physicochemical, electronic, magnetic, and biological properties, along with a discussion of technical progress in the synthesis of GQDs. Progress toward the application of GQDs in bioimaging, biosensing, and therapy is reviewed, along with a discussion of the current limitations and future directions of this exciting material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokhwan Chung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Richard A Revia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Miqin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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17
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Liu Y, Yu Y, Zhao Q, Tang C, Zhang H, Qin Y, Feng X, Zhang J. Fluorescent probes based on nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions for reactive sulfur and selenium species: Recent progress, applications, and design strategies. Coord Chem Rev 2021; 427:213601. [PMID: 33024340 PMCID: PMC7529596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reactive sulfur species (RSS) and reactive selenium species (RSeS) are important substances for the maintenance of physiological balance. Imbalance of RSS and RSeS is closely related to a series of human diseases, so it is considered to be an important biomarker in early diagnosis, treatment, and stage monitoring. Fast and accurate quantitative analysis of different RSS and RSeS in complex biological systems may promote the development of personalized diagnosis and treatment in the future. One way to explore the physiological function of various types of RSS and RSeS in vivo is to detect them at the molecular level, and one of the most effective methods for this is to use fluorescent probes. Nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reactions are commonly exploited as a detection mechanism for RSS and RSeS in fluorescent probes. In this review, we cover recent progress in fluorescent probes for RSS and RSeS based on SNAr reactions, and discuss their response mechanisms, properties, and applications. Benzenesulfonate, phenyl-O ether, phenyl-S ether, phenyl-Se ether, 7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD), benzoate, and selenium-nitrogen bonds are all good detection groups. Moreover, based on an integration of different reports, we propose the design and synthesis of RSS- and RSeS-selective probes based on SNAr reactions, current challenges, and future research directions, considering the selection of active sites, the effect of substituents on the benzene ring, and the introduction of other functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chaohua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huiyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuchang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaohui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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18
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Ibrahim H, Serag A, Farag MA. Emerging analytical tools for the detection of the third gasotransmitter H 2S, a comprehensive review. J Adv Res 2021; 27:137-153. [PMID: 33318873 PMCID: PMC7728591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is currently considered among the endogenously produced gaseous molecules that exert various signaling effects in mammalian species. It is the third physiological gasotransmitter discovered so far after NO and CO. H2S was originally ranked among the toxic gases at elevated levels to humans. Currently, it is well-known that, in the cardiovascular system, H2S exerts several cardioprotective effects including vasodilation, antioxidant regulation, inhibition of inflammation, and activation of anti-apoptosis. With an increasing interest in monitoring H2S, the development of analysis methods should now follow. AIM OF REVIEW This review stages special emphasis on the several analytical technologies used for its determination including spectroscopic, chromatographic, and electrochemical methods. Advantages and limitations with regards to the application of each technique are highlighted with special emphasis on its employment for H2S in vivo measurement i.e., biofluids, tissues. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS AND IMPORTANT FINDINGS OF REVIEW Fluorescence methods applied for H2S measurement offer an attractive non-invasive and promising approach in addition to its selectivity, however they cannot be considered as H2S-specific probes. On the other hand, colorimetric assays are among the most common methods used for in vitro H2S detection, albeit their employment in vivo H2S measurement has not yet been possible . Separation techniques such as gas or liquid chromatography offer higher selectivity compared to direct spectrophotometric or fluorescence methods especially for suitable for endpoint H2S measurements i.e. plasma or tissue samples. Despite all the developed analytical procedures used for H2S determination, the need for highly selective, much work should be devoted to resolve all the pitfalls of the current methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany Ibrahim
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Serag
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11751, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
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19
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Younis MR, He G, Lin J, Huang P. Recent Advances on Graphene Quantum Dots for Bioimaging Applications. Front Chem 2020; 8:424. [PMID: 32582629 PMCID: PMC7283876 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Being a zero-dimensional (0D) nanomaterial of the carbon family, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) showed promising biomedical applications owing to their ultra-small size, non-toxicity, biocompatibility, excellent photo stability, tunable fluorescence, and water solubility, etc., thus capturing a considerable attention in biomedical field. This review summarizes the recent advances made in the research field of GQDs and place special emphasis on their bioimaging applications. We briefly introduce the synthesis strategies of GQDs, including top-down and bottom-up strategies. The bioimaging applications of GQDs are also discussed in detail, including optical [fluorescence (FL)], two-photon FL, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and dual-modal imaging. In the end, the challenges and future prospects to advance the clinical bioimaging applications of GQDs have also been addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jing Lin
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, International Cancer Center, Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET), School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, International Cancer Center, Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET), School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
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20
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Du J, Feng B, Dong Y, Zhao M, Yang X. Vanadium coordination compounds loaded on graphene quantum dots (GQDs) exhibit improved pharmaceutical properties and enhanced anti-diabetic effects. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:9219-9230. [PMID: 32307476 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00810a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium compounds are promising anti-diabetic agents, and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are emerging as potential drug delivery systems to improve drug solubility in water and membrane transport. Using highly dispersible and water-soluble GQDs, we herein prepared a novel GQD-VO (p-dmada) complex, in which vanadium coordination compounds [VO(p-dmada)] were packed closely on one side of the GQD sheets possibly via the π-π stacking mechanism. The in vitro tests showed that GQD-VO(p-dmada) exhibited membrane permeability (Papp) as good as that of GQDs with reduced cytotoxicity. In vivo tests on type 2 diabetic mice demonstrated that GQD-VO(p-dmada) exhibited a delayed glucose lowering profile but more profound effects on insulin enhancement and β-cell protection after three-week treatment compared to VO(p-dmada) alone. In addition, GQD alone was observed for the first time to effectively lower the blood lipid levels of the db/db mice. Overall, GQD-VO(p-dmada) showed improved pharmacokinetic performance and hypoglycemic effects, and using GQD as a nanoplatform for drug delivery may provide vast opportunities for the further design of metal-based pharmaceutical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Du
- State Key laboratories of Natural and mimetic drugs and Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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21
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Huang L, Huang J, Huang J, Xue H, Liang Z, Wu J, Chen C. Nanomedicine - a promising therapy for hematological malignancies. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:2376-2393. [PMID: 32314759 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00129e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hematological tumors are a group of diseases defined as the clonal proliferation of blood-forming cells. In recent years, incidences of hematological malignancies have increased. Traditional methods of diagnosing hematological tumors are primarily based on observing morphological features under light microscopy, and molecular diagnostics and immunological indicators are powerful auxiliary diagnostic methods. However, traditional methods cannot efficiently identify tumor markers and limit the efficiency and accuracy of diagnosis. Although treatment methods have been improved continuously, chemotherapy remains a primary technique for the treatment of hematological tumors. Traditional chemotherapy exhibits poor drug selectivity and lacks good biocompatibility and pharmacokinetic properties. The therapeutic effect is not ideal and the risk of toxic side effects is high. The nanosize and surface charge properties of nanodrugs are effective in improving drug delivery efficiency. The high load and rich surface modification methods of nanomaterials provide various possibilities for improving the biocompatibility and pharmacokinetics of drugs, as well as the targeting of drugs. In addition, a nanomedicine loading platform can load multiple drugs simultaneously and design the optimal proportion of combined drug schemes, which can improve the efficacy of drugs and reduce the occurrence of drug resistance. With their unique physical and chemical properties and biological characteristics, the application of nanoparticles in the diagnosis and treatment of hematological tumors has received considerable attention. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the application of various types of nanostructures for the diagnosis and treatment of hematological malignancies, investigate the advantages of nanomedicine compared with the traditional diagnosis and treatment of hematological tumors, and discuss their biological security and application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifen Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
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22
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Kumar YR, Deshmukh K, Sadasivuni KK, Pasha SKK. Graphene quantum dot based materials for sensing, bio-imaging and energy storage applications: a review. RSC Adv 2020; 10:23861-23898. [PMID: 35517370 PMCID: PMC9055121 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03938a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are an attractive nanomaterial consisting of a monolayer or a few layers of graphene having excellent and unique properties. GQDs are endowed with the properties of both carbon dots (CDs) and graphene. This review addresses applications of GQD based materials in sensing, bioimaging and energy storage. In the first part of the review, different approaches of GQD synthesis such as top-down and bottom-up synthesis methods have been discussed. The prime focus of this review is on green synthesis methods that have also been applied to the synthesis of GQDs. The GQDs have been discussed thoroughly for all the aspects along with their potential applications in sensors, biomedicine, and energy storage systems. In particular, emphasis is given to popular applications such as electrochemical and photoluminescence (PL) sensors, electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensors, humidity and gas sensors, bioimaging, lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, supercapacitors and dye-sensitized solar cells. Finally, the challenges and the future perspectives of GQDs in the aforementioned application fields have been discussed. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are an attractive nanomaterial consisting of a monolayer or a few layers of graphene having excellent and unique properties.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Ravi Kumar
- Department of Physics
- VIT-AP University
- Amaravati
- India
| | - Kalim Deshmukh
- New Technologies – Research Center
- University of West Bohemia
- Univerzitní 8
- Plzeň
- Czech Republic
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Amilan Jose D, Sharma N, Sakla R, Kaushik R, Gadiyaram S. Fluorescent nanoprobes for the sensing of gasotransmitters hydrogen sulfide (H2S), nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Methods 2019; 168:62-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Girão AF, Serrano MC, Completo A, Marques PAAP. Do biomedical engineers dream of graphene sheets? Biomater Sci 2019; 7:1228-1239. [PMID: 30720810 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01636d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
During the past few years, graphene has outstandingly emerged as a key nanomaterial for boosting the performance of commercial, industrial and scientific related technologies. The popularity of this novel nanomaterial in biomedical engineering is due to its excellent biological, electronic, optical and thermal properties that, as a whole, surpass the features of commonly used biomaterials and consequently open a wide range of applications so far within the reach of science fiction. In this minireview, the potential of graphene and its based materials in the expanding biomedical field is highlighted with focus on groundbreaking diagnostic, monitoring and therapeutic strategies. Some of the major challenges related to the synthesis and safety of graphene-based materials are also briefly discussed because of their critical importance in bringing this class of carbon materials closer to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F Girão
- TEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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25
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Luo Y, Zhu C, Du D, Lin Y. A review of optical probes based on nanomaterials for the detection of hydrogen sulfide in biosystems. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1061:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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26
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Lu S, Liu L, Wang H, Zhao W, Li Z, Qu Z, Li J, Sun T, Wang T, Sui G. Synthesis of dual functional gallic-acid-based carbon dots for bioimaging and antitumor therapy. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:3258-3265. [PMID: 31169282 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00570f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots are excellent photoluminescent materials because of their unique fluorescence properties. They are widely used in biomedical imaging due to their good biocompatibility. However, carbon quantum dots with antitumor activity have rarely been reported. Gallic acid (GA) is an anticancer agent and effective against many types of tumor cells. In this study, GA based carbon dots (GACDs) with fluorescence and antitumor activity were synthesized by a simple microwave-assisted method and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Studies of optical properties indicated that the GACDs exhibited significant photoluminescence. In addition, we observed the antitumor activity of the GACDs using both cell-based assays and mouse xenograft tumors. Our results demonstrated that the GACDs can be used as both a bioimaging material and an antitumor agent, suggesting their great potential in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Lu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.
| | - Liping Liu
- Harbin First Specialist Hospital, 217 Hongwei Road, Harbin 150056, China
| | - Henan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.
| | - Wancheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.
| | - Zeyu Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.
| | - Zheng Qu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.
| | - Jialu Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.
| | - Tiedong Sun
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.
| | - Guangchao Sui
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
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27
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Yan Y, Gong J, Chen J, Zeng Z, Huang W, Pu K, Liu J, Chen P. Recent Advances on Graphene Quantum Dots: From Chemistry and Physics to Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1808283. [PMID: 30828898 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201808283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) that are flat 0D nanomaterials have attracted increasing interest because of their exceptional chemicophysical properties and novel applications in energy conversion and storage, electro/photo/chemical catalysis, flexible devices, sensing, display, imaging, and theranostics. The significant advances in the recent years are summarized with comparative and balanced discussion. The differences between GQDs and other nanomaterials, including their nanocarbon cousins, are emphasized, and the unique advantages of GQDs for specific applications are highlighted. The current challenges and outlook of this growing field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Yan
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Jun Gong
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Zhiping Zeng
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Wei Huang
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Jiyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
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28
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Huang S, Gu J, Ye J, Fang B, Wan S, Wang C, Ashraf U, Li Q, Wang X, Shao L, Song Y, Zheng X, Cao F, Cao S. Benzoxazine monomer derived carbon dots as a broad-spectrum agent to block viral infectivity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 542:198-206. [PMID: 30739009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Multiple viruses can cause infection and death of millions annually. Of these, flaviviruses are found to be highly prevalent in recent years with no distinctive antiviral therapies. Therefore, there is a desperate need for broad-spectrum antiviral drugs that can be active against a large number of existing and emerging viruses. Herein, we prepared a kind of benzoxazine monomer derived carbon dots (BZM-CDs) and demonstrated their infection-blocking ability against life-threatening flaviviruses (Japanese encephalitis, Zika, and dengue viruses) and non-enveloped viruses (porcine parvovirus and adenovirus-associated virus). It was found that BZM-CDs could directly bind to the surface of the virion, and eventually the first step of virus-cell interaction was impeded. The developed nanoparticles are active against both flaviviruses and non-enveloped viruses in vitro. Thus, the application of BZM-CDs may constitute an intriguing broad-spectrum approach to rein in viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaomei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Jiangjiang Gu
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
| | - Jing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Bin Fang
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Shengfeng Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Caoyu Wang
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Usama Ashraf
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Xugang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Lin Shao
- Wuhan Brain VTA Technology Co. Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Yunfeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Xinsheng Zheng
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Feifei Cao
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Shengbo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
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Carbon Nanodots: A Review—From the Current Understanding of the Fundamental Photophysics to the Full Control of the Optical Response. C — JOURNAL OF CARBON RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/c4040067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are an emerging family of nanosystems displaying a range of fascinating properties. Broadly speaking, they can be described as small, surface-functionalized carbonaceous nanoparticles characterized by an intense and tunable fluorescence, a marked sensitivity to the environment and a range of interesting photochemical properties. CDs are currently the subject of very intense research, motivated by their possible applications in many fields, including bioimaging, solar energy harvesting, nanosensing, light-emitting devices and photocatalyis. This review covers the latest advancements in the field of CDs, with a focus on the fundamental understanding of their key photophysical behaviour, which is still very debated. The photoluminescence mechanism, the origin of their peculiar fluorescence tunability, and their photo-chemical interactions with coupled systems are discussed in light of the latest developments in the field, such as the most recent results obtained by femtosecond time-resolved experiments, which have led to important steps forward in the fundamental understanding of CDs. The optical response of CDs appears to stem from a very complex interplay between the electronic states related to the core structure and those introduced by surface functionalization. In addition, the structure of CD energy levels and the electronic dynamics triggered by photo-excitation finely depend on the microscopic structure of any specific sub-type of CD. On the other hand, this remarkable variability makes CDs extremely versatile, a key benefit in view of their very wide range of applications.
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