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Lin J, Li G, Ji Y, Xu Y, Liu S, Qu Z, Li P, You B. Comparing clinical outcomes of hybrid coronary revascularization with open coronary artery bypass in patients with multi-vessels lesions. Perfusion 2024:2676591241238871. [PMID: 38458155 DOI: 10.1177/02676591241238871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) involves the use of minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) to treat the left anterior descending artery (LAD), and percutaneous coronary intervention to treat non-LAD vessels. We reported the results of a comparative analysis between HCR and off-pump CABG via sternotomy (OPCABG). METHODS Data were retrospectively collated from patients who underwent HCR or OPCABG for multivessel coronary artery disease between 2011 and 2022. Propensity score-based matching was performed to reduce the selection bias. The Comparisons of cardiac-related death, major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), and repeat revascularization were performed by Kaplan-Meier analysis or the Fine-Gray test. RESULTS After matching, the baseline characteristics were well-balanced between the two groups with 91 patients per group. There was no significant difference in operative mortality rate (1.1% for HCR vs2.2% for OPCABG, p = 1.000). However, patients undergoing HCR required a significantly lower rate of blood product transfusions (p < .001) and experienced significantly fewer pulmonary complications than OPCABG patients (p < .001). At 10 years, the incidences of cardiac-related death, MACCE and repeat revascularization did not differ significantly between the two groups (9.5% vs11.5%, p = .277; 4.7% vs12.3%, p = .361; 1.2% vs2.5%, p = .914, respectively). CONCLUSIONS For patients with multi-vessel lesions, HCR was comparable to OPCABG in long-term outcomes such as cardiac-related death, MACCE, and the durability of grafts. Additionally, HCR was better than OPCABG in perioperative outcomes. HCR may be an alternative therapy for OPCABG in patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Qu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Bin You
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
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Fu M, Qu Z, Pierre-Pierre N, Jiang D, Souza FL, Miklas PN, Porter LD, Vandemark GJ, Chen W. Exploring the Mycovirus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Hypovirulence-Associated DNA Virus 1 as a Biocontrol Agent of White Mold Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Plant Dis 2024; 108:624-634. [PMID: 37743591 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-23-1458-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen causing white mold on many important economic crops. Recently, some mycoviruses such as S. sclerotiorum hypovirulence-associated DNA virus 1 (SsHADV-1) converted S. sclerotiorum into a beneficial symbiont that helps plants manage pathogens and other stresses. To explore the potential use of SsHADV-1 as a biocontrol agent in the United States and to test the efficacy of SsHADV-1-infected United States isolates in managing white mold and other crop diseases, SsHADV-1 was transferred from the Chinese strain DT-8 to United States isolates of S. sclerotiorum. SsHADV-1 is readily transmitted horizontally among United States isolates of S. sclerotiorum and consistently conferred hypovirulence to its host strains. Biopriming of dry bean seeds with hypovirulent S. sclerotiorum strains enhanced resistance to white mold, gray mold, and Rhizoctonia root rot. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, endophytic growth of hypovirulent S. sclerotiorum in dry beans was confirmed using PCR, and the expression of 12 plant defense-related genes were monitored before and after infection. The results indicated that the endophytic growth of SsHADV-1-infected strains in plants stimulated the expression of plant immunity pathway genes that assisted a rapid response from the plant to fungal infection. Finally, application of the seed biopriming technology with SsHADV-1-infected hypervirulent strain has promise for the biological control of several diseases of wheat, pea, and sunflower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Fu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, U.S.A
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Anhui Province, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zheng Qu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Nickisha Pierre-Pierre
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, U.S.A
- Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pullman, WA 99164, U.S.A
| | - Daohong Jiang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Fernanda L Souza
- Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Prosser, WA 99350, U.S.A
| | - Phillip N Miklas
- Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Prosser, WA 99350, U.S.A
| | - Lyndon D Porter
- Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Prosser, WA 99350, U.S.A
| | - George J Vandemark
- Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pullman, WA 99164, U.S.A
| | - Weidong Chen
- Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pullman, WA 99164, U.S.A
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Wang Y, Zhong X, Qu Z, Gao Q, Li L, Zeng C. Simplified design method for optical imaging systems based on aberration characteristics of optical-digital joint optimization. Appl Opt 2024; 63:1066-1078. [PMID: 38437405 DOI: 10.1364/ao.510746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
With the continuous improvement of imaging performance requirements, the design of imaging systems has become increasingly complex, making it more difficult and expensive to manufacture and test. To overcome these problems, a simplified design framework for imaging systems based on aberration characteristics of optical-digital joint optimization was built in this paper. Specifically, an improved total variation regularization restoration algorithm was proposed, and the difficulty of correction for different monochromatic aberrations was evaluated. With this evaluation, the proposed algorithm was combined with the traditional optical design method to jointly correct the aberration and simplify the optical system by relaxing the requirements for optical structures and surface shapes under the guarantee of the imaging performance. To demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the method, three design examples are provided, where the structure similarity index measure of the simulation imaging results is on the same level as that of the initial system, with a maximum error not exceeding 0.04. The simulation results demonstrate that our design method can effectively simplify the optical structure of imaging systems while maintaining high performance.
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Chen R, Hu HJ, Qu Z, Li T, Liu CB, Wang CL, Sun SJ, Dong C, Qiu Y. Field-induced Bose-Einstein condensation in zigzag spin chain KGaCu(PO 4) 2. J Phys Condens Matter 2024; 36:165801. [PMID: 38096589 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad15c9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Single crystals of GaKCu(PO4)2were synthesized using the hydrothermal method, and subsequent measurements of specific heat, magnetic susceptibility, and high-field magnetization were performed. A broad peak is observed in the magnetic susceptibility and specific heat curves, with the maximum values appearing at about 11.5 K and 5.29 K, respectively. The highest maximum peak value of susceptibility is observed when the magnetic field is applied along thec-axis, followed by thea-axis,b-axis, and polycrystalline samples. These indicate that the system exhibits one-dimensional magnetism and the magnetic easy axis is thecaxis. The magnetization at 2 K reveals the occurrence of a field-induced Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) phase within the magnetic field range of approximately 8-12 T. High-field magnetization up to 40 T indicates that the compound reaches magnetization saturation as the field exceedsHs= 12 T. Through systematic measurements, a field-temperature (H-T) phase diagram was constructed, and dome-like phase boundaries were observed. The findings suggest that GaKCu(PO4)2is a spin gap system and a promising candidate for studying BEC of magnons due to its phase transition boundary occurring at low magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Chen
- Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - H J Hu
- Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Qu
- Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - T Li
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - C B Liu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, People's Republic of China
| | - C L Wang
- Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - S J Sun
- Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - C Dong
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Qiu
- Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People's Republic of China
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Huang MT, Qu Z, Liang PF, Liu WD, He ZY, Cui X, Guo L, Chen J, Li MJ, Huang XY, Zhang PH. [Clinical effect of modified vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap in repairing skin and soft tissue defects after abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Yu Chuang Mian Xiu Fu Za Zhi 2024; 40:57-63. [PMID: 38296237 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20231030-00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of the modified vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap in repairing the skin and soft tissue defect after abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer. Methods: This study was a retrospective observational study. From June 2019 to July 2022, five male patients with low rectal cancer who were conformed to the inclusion criteria were admitted to the Department of Basic Surgery of Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, with ages ranging from 65 to 70 years and the sizes of the perianal skin ulcers ranging from 5 cm×4 cm to 11 cm×9 cm, and all of them underwent abdominoperineal resection. The secondary skin and soft tissue defects in the perineum with an area of 8 cm×6 cm-14 cm×12 cm (with the depth of pelvic floor dead space being 10-15 cm) were repaired intraoperatively with transplantation of modified vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flaps with the skin area being 9 cm×7 cm-16 cm×12 cm, the volume of the muscle being 18 cm×10 cm×5 cm-20 cm×12 cm×5 cm, and the vessel pedicle being 18-20 cm in length. During the operation, most of the anterior sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle was retained, the flap was transferred to the recipient area through the abdominal cavity, the remaining anterior sheaths of the rectus abdominis muscle on both sides of the donor area were repeatedly folded and sutured, the free edge of the transverse fascia of the abdomen was sutured with the anterior sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle, and the donor area skin was directly sutured. After the operation, the survival of the transplanted myocutaneous flap was observed. The occurrence of complications in the perineal recipient area was recorded within 2 weeks after the operation. The recovery of the perineal recipient area and the abdominal donor area was observed during follow-up, and the occurrence of complications in the donor area of the abdomen as well as the recurrence of tumors and metastasis were recorded. Results: All transplanted myocutaneous flaps in 5 patients survived after surgery. One patient had dehiscence of the incision in the perineal recipient area 2 days after surgery, which healed after 7 d with intermittent dressing changes and routine vacuum sealing drainage treatment. In the other 4 patients, no complications such as incisional rupture, incisional infection, or fat liquefaction occurred in the perineal recipient area within 2 weeks after surgery. Follow-up for 6-12 months after discharge showed that the skin of the perineal recipient area had good color, texture, and elasticity, and was not bloated in appearance; linear scars were left in the perineal recipient area and the abdominal donor area without obvious scar hyperplasia or hyperpigmentation; no complications such as incisional rupture, incisional infection, intestinal adhesion, intestinal obstruction, or weakening of the abdominal wall strength occurred in the abdominal donor area, and the abdominal appearance was good with no localized bulge or formation of abdominal hernia; there was no local recurrence of tumor or metastasis in any patient. Conclusions: The surgical approach of using the modified vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap to repair the skin and soft tissue defects after abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer is relatively simple in operation, can achieve good postoperative appearances of the donor and recipient areas with few complications, and is worthy of clinical promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Huang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Z Qu
- Department of Basic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - P F Liang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - W D Liu
- Department of Basic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Z Y He
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - X Cui
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - L Guo
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Basic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - M J Li
- Department of Medical Beauty Center, Hunan Provincial Institute of Occupational Disease Control, Changsha 410012, China
| | - X Y Huang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - P H Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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Tian B, Chen Z, Yu Y, Yang Y, Fang A, Bi C, Qu Z, Fu Y, Mehmood MA, Zhou C, Jiang D. Transcriptional plasticity of schizotrophic Sclerotinia sclerotiorum responds to symptomatic rapeseed and endophytic wheat hosts. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0261223. [PMID: 37905914 PMCID: PMC10714719 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02612-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The broad host range of fungi with differential fungal responses leads to either a pathogenic or an endophytic lifestyle in various host plants. Yet, the molecular basis of schizotrophic fungal responses to different plant hosts remains unexplored. Here, we observed a general increase in the gene expression of S. sclerotiorum associated with pathogenicity in symptomatic rapeseed, including small protein secretion, appressorial formation, and oxalic acid toxin production. Conversely, in wheat, many carbohydrate metabolism and transport-associated genes were induced, indicating a general increase in processes associated with carbohydrate acquisition. Appressorium is required for S. sclerotiorum during colonization in symptomatic hosts but not in endophytic wheat. These findings provide new clues for understanding schizotrophic fungi, fungal evolution, and the emergence pathways of new plant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binnian Tian
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziyang Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuheng Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Anfei Fang
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaowei Bi
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanping Fu
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mirza Abid Mehmood
- Plant Pathology, Institute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Changyong Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Daohong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Li L, Zhong X, Qu Z, Xia G, Wang Y, Zeng C. Spherical aberration-based compensation method for narcissus. Appl Opt 2023; 62:9082-9088. [PMID: 38108745 DOI: 10.1364/ao.502095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
A narcissus-compensation method is proposed based on a mathematical model that connects the spherical aberration and the narcissus-induced temperature difference (NITD). Through non-sequential ray tracing analysis in ZEMAX, we simulate a compact, five-lens, long-wave infrared (LWIR) optical system with NITD as low as 0.7 mK.
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Guo R, Zhong H, Xing F, Lu F, Qu Z, Tong R, Gan F, Liu M, Fu C, Xu H, Li G, Liu C, Li J, Yang S. Magnetic susceptibility and R2*-based texture analysis for evaluating liver fibrosis in chronic liver disease. Eur J Radiol 2023; 169:111155. [PMID: 38155592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.111155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore potential feasibility of texture features in magnetic susceptibility and R2* maps for evaluating liver fibrosis. METHODS Thirty-one patients (median age 46 years; 22 male) with chronic liver disease were prospectively recruited and underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), blood tests, and liver biopsy. Susceptibility and R2* maps were obtained using a 3-dimensional volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination sequence with a 3T MRI scanner. Texture features, including histogram, gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), gray-level dependence matrix (GLDM), gray-level run length matrix (GLRLM), gray-level size zone matrix (GLSZM), and neighboring gray tone difference matrix (NGTDM) features, were extracted. Texture features and blood test results of non-significant (Ishak-F < 3) and significant fibrosis patients (Ishak-F ≥ 3) were compared, and correlations with Ishak-F stages were analyzed. Areas under the curve (AUCs) were calculated to determine the efficacy for evaluating liver fibrosis. RESULTS Nine texture features of susceptibility maps and 19 features of R2* maps were significantly different between non-significant and significant fibrosis groups (all P < 0.05). Large dependence high gray-level emphasis (LDHGLE) of GLDM and long run high gray-level emphasis (LRHGLE) of GLRLM in R2* maps showed significantly negative and good correlations with Ishak-F stages (r = -0.616, P < 0.001; r = -0.637, P < 0.001). Busyness (NGTDM) in susceptibility maps, LDHGLE of GLDM and LRHGLE of GLRLM in R2* maps yield the highest AUCs (AUC = 0.786, P = 0.007; AUC = 0.807, P = 0.004; AUC = 0.819, P = 0.003). CONCLUSION Texture characteristics of susceptibility and R2* maps revealed possible staging values for liver fibrosis. Susceptibility and R2*-based texture analysis may be a useful and noninvasive method for staging liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, PR China
| | - Haodong Zhong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China
| | - Feng Xing
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Fang Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Zheng Qu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China
| | - Rui Tong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China
| | - Fengling Gan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China
| | - Mengxiao Liu
- MR Scientific Marketing, Diagnostic Imaging, Siemens Healthineers Ltd, Shanghai 201318, PR China
| | - Caixia Fu
- MR Applications Development, Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd, Shenzhen 518057, PR China
| | - Huihui Xu
- Department of Radiology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Gaiying Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China
| | - Chenghai Liu
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jianqi Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China.
| | - Shuohui Yang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, PR China.
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Zeng C, Xia G, Zhong X, Li L, Qu Z, Yang Q, Wang Y. Fast Stray Light Performance Evaluation Based on BSDF and Radiative Transfer Theory. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:9182. [PMID: 38005567 PMCID: PMC10675779 DOI: 10.3390/s23229182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Evaluating the stray light cancellation performance of an optical system is an essential step in the search for superior optical systems. However, the existing evaluation methods, such as the Monte Carlo method and the ray tracing method, suffer from the problems of vast arithmetic and cumbersome processes. In this paper, a method for a rapid stray light performance evaluation model and quantitatively determining high-magnitude stray light outside the field of view are proposed by adopting the radiative transfer theory based on the scattering property of the bidirectional scattering distribution function (BSDF). Under the global coordinates, based on the derivation of the light vector variation relationship in the near-linear system, the specific structural properties of the off-axis reflective optical system, and the specular scattering properties, a fast quantitative evaluation model of the optical system's stray light elimination capability is constructed. A loop nesting procedure was designed based on this model, and its validity was verified by an off-axis reflective optical system. It successfully fitted the point source transmittance (PST) curve in the range of specular radiation reception angles and quantitatively predicted the prominence due to incident stray light outside the field of view. This method does not require multiple software to work in concert and requires only 10-5 orders of magnitude of computing time, which is suitable for the rapid stray light assessment and structural screening of off-axis reflective optical systems with a good symmetry. The method is promising for improving imaging radiation accuracy and developing lightweight space cameras with low stray light effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoli Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (C.Z.); (G.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Aerospace Vehicles of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Guangqing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (C.Z.); (G.X.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Micro & Nano Satellites of Hebei Province, North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering, Langfang 065000, China
| | - Xing Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Aerospace Vehicles of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130102, China
| | - Lei Li
- Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130102, China
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Zheng Qu
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Qinhai Yang
- Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130102, China
| | - Yuanhang Wang
- Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130102, China
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
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Qu Z, Kumari S, Obaidat MS, Alzahrani BA, Xiong H. Traceable Attribute-Based Encryption With Equality Test for Cloud Enabled E-Health System. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2023; PP:1-10. [PMID: 37812535 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2023.3321939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The emerging Internet of Things (IoTs) and cloud technologies spark dramatic growth in efficiency and productivity for the conventional e-health sector. However, the extensive applications of the communication network also expose the sensitive medical data to the unprecedented cyber threats. To protect the data privacy in IoTs-based e-health cloud environments, we propose an adaptively secure data sharing scheme with traceability and equality test (T-ABEET). The T-ABEET not only allows flexible access control to the massive data but also provides the functionality of traitor tracing to identity the users who leak their decryption keys. Meanwhile, through carrying out the equality test, the target ciphertext can be retrieved efficiently without revealing anything about the plaintext. Particularly, distinct from previous traceable ABE works, the tracing cost in our T-ABEET scheme keeps constant even with the increasing number of users. Also, by introducing the multi-authority mechanism, our T-ABEET can avoid the inherent key escrow problem of ABE. Furthermore, our T-ABEET is demonstrated adaptively secure under subgroup decision assumption. Finally, performance comparison reveals that our T-ABEET has superior practicality, efficiency, and security in cloud-enabled e-health systems.
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Angelopoulos V, Zhang XJ, Artemyev AV, Mourenas D, Tsai E, Wilkins C, Runov A, Liu J, Turner DL, Li W, Khurana K, Wirz RE, Sergeev VA, Meng X, Wu J, Hartinger MD, Raita T, Shen Y, An X, Shi X, Bashir MF, Shen X, Gan L, Qin M, Capannolo L, Ma Q, Russell CL, Masongsong EV, Caron R, He I, Iglesias L, Jha S, King J, Kumar S, Le K, Mao J, McDermott A, Nguyen K, Norris A, Palla A, Roosnovo A, Tam J, Xie E, Yap RC, Ye S, Young C, Adair LA, Shaffer C, Chung M, Cruce P, Lawson M, Leneman D, Allen M, Anderson M, Arreola-Zamora M, Artinger J, Asher J, Branchevsky D, Cliffe M, Colton K, Costello C, Depe D, Domae BW, Eldin S, Fitzgibbon L, Flemming A, Frederick DM, Gilbert A, Hesford B, Krieger R, Lian K, McKinney E, Miller JP, Pedersen C, Qu Z, Rozario R, Rubly M, Seaton R, Subramanian A, Sundin SR, Tan A, Thomlinson D, Turner W, Wing G, Wong C, Zarifian A. Energetic Electron Precipitation Driven by Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves from ELFIN's Low Altitude Perspective. Space Sci Rev 2023; 219:37. [PMID: 37448777 PMCID: PMC10335998 DOI: 10.1007/s11214-023-00984-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
We review comprehensive observations of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) wave-driven energetic electron precipitation using data collected by the energetic electron detector on the Electron Losses and Fields InvestigatioN (ELFIN) mission, two polar-orbiting low-altitude spinning CubeSats, measuring 50-5000 keV electrons with good pitch-angle and energy resolution. EMIC wave-driven precipitation exhibits a distinct signature in energy-spectrograms of the precipitating-to-trapped flux ratio: peaks at >0.5 MeV which are abrupt (bursty) (lasting ∼17 s, or Δ L ∼ 0.56 ) with significant substructure (occasionally down to sub-second timescale). We attribute the bursty nature of the precipitation to the spatial extent and structuredness of the wave field at the equator. Multiple ELFIN passes over the same MLT sector allow us to study the spatial and temporal evolution of the EMIC wave - electron interaction region. Case studies employing conjugate ground-based or equatorial observations of the EMIC waves reveal that the energy of moderate and strong precipitation at ELFIN approximately agrees with theoretical expectations for cyclotron resonant interactions in a cold plasma. Using multiple years of ELFIN data uniformly distributed in local time, we assemble a statistical database of ∼50 events of strong EMIC wave-driven precipitation. Most reside at L ∼ 5 - 7 at dusk, while a smaller subset exists at L ∼ 8 - 12 at post-midnight. The energies of the peak-precipitation ratio and of the half-peak precipitation ratio (our proxy for the minimum resonance energy) exhibit an L -shell dependence in good agreement with theoretical estimates based on prior statistical observations of EMIC wave power spectra. The precipitation ratio's spectral shape for the most intense events has an exponential falloff away from the peak (i.e., on either side of ∼ 1.45 MeV). It too agrees well with quasi-linear diffusion theory based on prior statistics of wave spectra. It should be noted though that this diffusive treatment likely includes effects from nonlinear resonant interactions (especially at high energies) and nonresonant effects from sharp wave packet edges (at low energies). Sub-MeV electron precipitation observed concurrently with strong EMIC wave-driven >1 MeV precipitation has a spectral shape that is consistent with efficient pitch-angle scattering down to ∼ 200-300 keV by much less intense higher frequency EMIC waves at dusk (where such waves are most frequent). At ∼100 keV, whistler-mode chorus may be implicated in concurrent precipitation. These results confirm the critical role of EMIC waves in driving relativistic electron losses. Nonlinear effects may abound and require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Angelopoulos
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - X.-J. Zhang
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080 USA
| | - A. V. Artemyev
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | | | - E. Tsai
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - C. Wilkins
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - A. Runov
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - J. Liu
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Departments, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - D. L. Turner
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland USA
| | - W. Li
- Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Departments, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - K. Khurana
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - R. E. Wirz
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: School of Mechanical, Industrial, and Manufacturing Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
| | - V. A. Sergeev
- University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - X. Meng
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
| | - J. Wu
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - M. D. Hartinger
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO 80301 USA
| | - T. Raita
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu, Sodankylä, Finland
| | - Y. Shen
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - X. An
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - X. Shi
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - M. F. Bashir
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - X. Shen
- Department of Astronomy and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - L. Gan
- Department of Astronomy and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - M. Qin
- Department of Astronomy and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - L. Capannolo
- Department of Astronomy and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Q. Ma
- Department of Astronomy and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - C. L. Russell
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - E. V. Masongsong
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - R. Caron
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - I. He
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - L. Iglesias
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Deloitte Consulting, New York, NY 10112 USA
| | - S. Jha
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Microsoft, Redmond, WA 98052 USA
| | - J. King
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - S. Kumar
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - K. Le
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - J. Mao
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Raybeam, Inc., Mountain View, CA 94041 USA
| | - A. McDermott
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - K. Nguyen
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: SpaceX, Hawthorne, CA 90250 USA
| | - A. Norris
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - A. Palla
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Reliable Robotics Corporation, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA
| | - A. Roosnovo
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA
| | - J. Tam
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - E. Xie
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Deloitte Consulting, New York, NY 10112 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - R. C. Yap
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mathematics Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Planet Labs, PBC, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
| | - S. Ye
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - C. Young
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Microsoft, Redmond, WA 98052 USA
| | - L. A. Adair
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: KSAT, Inc., Denver, CO 80231 USA
| | - C. Shaffer
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Tyvak Nano-Satellite Systems, Inc., Irvine, CA 92618 USA
| | - M. Chung
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - P. Cruce
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Apple, Cupertino, CA 95014 USA
| | - M. Lawson
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - D. Leneman
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - M. Allen
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Zipline International, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - M. Anderson
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mathematics Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Lucid Motors, Newark, CA 94560 USA
| | - M. Arreola-Zamora
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - J. Artinger
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: College of Engineering and Computer Science, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831 USA
| | - J. Asher
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - D. Branchevsky
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - M. Cliffe
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: SpaceX, Hawthorne, CA 90250 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - K. Colton
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mathematics Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Planet Labs, PBC, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
| | - C. Costello
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Heliogen, Pasadena, CA 91103 USA
| | - D. Depe
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Argo AI, LLC, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 USA
| | - B. W. Domae
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - S. Eldin
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Microsoft, Redmond, WA 98052 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - L. Fitzgibbon
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Terran Orbital, Irvine, CA 92618 USA
| | - A. Flemming
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - D. M. Frederick
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Millenium Space Systems, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - A. Gilbert
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - B. Hesford
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - R. Krieger
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Mercedes-Benz Research and Development North America, Long Beach, CA 90810 USA
| | - K. Lian
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - E. McKinney
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Geosyntec Consultants, Inc., Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA
| | - J. P. Miller
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Juniper Networks Sunnyvale, California, 94089 USA
| | - C. Pedersen
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Z. Qu
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Niantic Inc., San Francisco, CA 94111 USA
| | - R. Rozario
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: SpaceX, Hawthorne, CA 90250 USA
| | - M. Rubly
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Teledyne Scientific and Imaging, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 USA
| | - R. Seaton
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - A. Subramanian
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - S. R. Sundin
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Naval Surface Warfare Center Corona Division, Norco, CA 92860 USA
| | - A. Tan
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Epirus Inc., Torrance, CA 90501 USA
| | - D. Thomlinson
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - W. Turner
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - G. Wing
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Amazon, Seattle, WA 98109 USA
| | - C. Wong
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - A. Zarifian
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
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Qu Z, Wang J, Zhang M. Mining and analysis of public sentiment during disaster events: The extreme rainstorm disaster in megacities of China in 2021. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18272. [PMID: 37539145 PMCID: PMC10395480 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cities are concentrated areas of population that are vulnerable to the impact of natural disasters. Owing to the impact of climate change and extreme weather incidents in recent years, many cities worldwide have been affected by sudden disasters, especially floods, causing many casualties. Social media plays an important role in the communication and sharing of information when physical communication is limited in emergency situations. However, obtaining and using public sentiment during major disasters to provide support for emergency disaster relief is a popular research topic. In the summer of 2021, China's inland plains experienced extremely serious rainstorms. The rainfall on July 20 in the capital city of Zhengzhou, Henan Province, the most population province in China, reached 201.9 mm/h, causing extremely serious consequences. This case study examines people's sentiment about this event through datamining of Chinese Weibo social media during the extreme rainfall period. The six most concerned types of public response topics and 14 subcategory topics were determined from 2,124,162 Weibo messages. "Asking for help" and "public sentiment" dominated the main topics, reaching almost 66%, with a relatively even distribution of secondary categories, but with "appeal for assistance" taking the top spot. Topics changed cyclically with work and rest, but these areas seemed to lag behind coastal areas in their responses to the storm in the same time. The topics were centred around Zhengzhou and distributed in China's major city clusters, such as the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei agglomerations, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta regions. Community-level disaster relief information was also discovered, which showed that high building power outages, basement flooding, tunnel trapping, and drinking water shortages were common topics in specific inner urban regions. This detailed information will contribute to accurate location-based relief in the future. Based on this lesson, a series of measures for urban flood reduction are proposed, including disaster prevention awareness, infrastructure building, regulation mechanisms, social inclusivity, and media dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Qu
- School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Juanle Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Jiangsu Province Geographic Information Resources Development and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Tian B, Qu Z, Mehmood MA, Xie J, Cheng J, Fu Y, Jiang D. Schizotrophic Sclerotinia sclerotiorum-Mediated Root and Rhizosphere Microbiome Alterations Activate Growth and Disease Resistance in Wheat. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0098123. [PMID: 37212718 PMCID: PMC10269679 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00981-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a widespread pathogen of dicotyledons, can grow endophytically in wheat, providing protection against Fusarium head blight and stripe rust and enhancing wheat yield. In this study, we found that wheat seed treatment with strain DT-8, infected with S. sclerotiorum hypovirulence-associated DNA virus 1 (SsHADV-1) and used as a "plant vaccine" for brassica protection, could significantly increase the diversity of the fungal and bacterial community in rhizosphere soil, while the diversity of the fungal community was obviously decreased in the wheat root. Interestingly, the relative abundance of potential plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and biocontrol agents increased significantly in the DT-8-treated wheat rhizosphere soil. These data might be responsible for wheat growth promotion and disease resistance. These results may provide novel insights for understanding the interaction between the schizotrophic microorganism and the microbiota of plant roots and rhizosphere, screening and utilizing beneficial microorganisms, and further reducing chemical pesticide utilization and increasing crop productivity. IMPORTANCE Fungal pathogens are seriously threatening food security and natural ecosystems; efficient and environmentally friendly control methods are essential to increase world crop production. S. sclerotiorum, a widespread pathogen of dicotyledons, can grow endophytically in wheat, providing protection against Fusarium head blight and stripe rust and enhancing wheat yield. In this study, we discovered that S. sclerotiorum treatment increased the diversity of the soil fungal and bacterial community in rhizosphere soil, while the diversity of the fungal community was obviously decreased in the wheat root. More importantly, the relative abundance of potential PGPR and bio-control agents increased significantly in the S. sclerotiorum-treated wheat rhizosphere soil. The importance of this work is that schizotrophic S. sclerotiorum promotes wheat growth and enhances resistance against fungal diseases via changes in the structure of the root and rhizosphere microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binnian Tian
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mirza Abid Mehmood
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiatao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiasen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanping Fu
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Daohong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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14
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Wang Y, Zhong X, Qu Z, Li L, Wu S, Zeng C. On-Orbit Modulation Transfer Function Estimation Based on the Refined Image Kernel. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:s23094362. [PMID: 37177565 PMCID: PMC10181510 DOI: 10.3390/s23094362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
To overcome the limitations of traditional on-orbit modulation function transfer (MTF) measurement methods that are heavily dependent on natural features, scenery, artificial edges, and point source targets, this paper presents an on-orbit MTF measurement method of remote sensing imager based on the refined image kernel (RIK) acquired directly from remote sensing images. First, the kernel is estimated from some remote sensing sub-images with rich texture details by using an iterative support detection (ISD) algorithm; then, it is refined by central pixel energy concentration (EC) to obtain the RIK. Secondly, the MTF curves are calculated by interpolating RIK and Fourier transform. Finally, the final MTF is the average value of MTFs at Nyquist frequency acquired by each RIK. To demonstrate the feasibility and validity of this method, the MTFs were compared to the result of the ISO12233 edge method with an error of no more than 7%. The relative error of the measured results does not exceed 5% for image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) above 20dB. The results obtained from the on-orbit MTF measurement using remote sensing images of the Jilin-1 satellite have a maximum error of less than 2% compared with the ISO12233 edge method. These demonstrate that the method proposed in this paper supplies highly accurate and robust results and can successfully increase the efficiency of on-orbit MTF measurement, providing a reference for high-frequency monitoring of satellite on-orbit stability and their optical imaging quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhang Wang
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130102, China
| | - Xing Zhong
- Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130102, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Aerospace Vehicles of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zheng Qu
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130102, China
| | - Lei Li
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130102, China
| | - Sipeng Wu
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130102, China
| | - Chaoli Zeng
- Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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15
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Li X, Zhao Z, Qu Z, Li X, Zhang Z, Liang X, Chen J, Li J. A Review of Traditional and Emerging Residual Chlorine Quenchers on Disinfection By-Products: Impact and Mechanisms. Toxics 2023; 11:toxics11050410. [PMID: 37235225 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are the most common organic contaminants in tap water and are of wide concern because of their highly developmental toxic, cytotoxic, and carcinogenic properties. Typically, to control the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms, a certain concentration of residual chlorine is retained in the factory water, which reacts with the natural organic matter and the disinfection by-products that have been formed, thus affecting the determination of DBPs. Therefore, to obtain an accurate concentration, residual chlorine in tap water needs to be quenched prior to treatment. Currently, the most commonly used quenching agents are ascorbic acid, sodium thiosulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium sulfite, and sodium arsenite, but these quenching agents can cause varying degrees of DBPs degradation. Therefore, in recent years, researchers have attempted to find emerging chlorine quenchers. However, no studies have been conducted to systematically review the effects of traditional quenchers and new ones on DBPs, as well as their advantages, disadvantages, and scope of application. For inorganic DBPs (bromate, chlorate, and chlorite), sodium sulfite has been proven to be the ideal chlorine quencher. For organic DBPs, although ascorbic acid caused the degradation of some DBPs, it remains the ideal quenching agent for most known DBPs. Among the studied emerging chlorine quenchers, n-acetylcysteine (NAC), glutathione (GSH), and 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene are promising for their application as the ideal chlorine quencher of organic DBPs. The dehalogenation of trichloronitromethane, trichloroacetonitrile, trichloroacetamide, and bromochlorophenol by sodium sulfite is caused by nucleophilic substitution reaction. This paper takes the understanding of DBPs and traditional and emerging chlorine quenchers as a starting point to comprehensively summarize their effects on different types of DBPs, and to provide assistance in understanding and selecting the most suitable residual chlorine quenchers during DBPs research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Zhijing Zhao
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Zheng Qu
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Zengli Zhang
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Xiaojun Liang
- Kunshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215301, China
| | - Jingsi Chen
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Jiafu Li
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
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16
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Zhu J, Chen J, Amjadian M, Liang S, Qu Z, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang L. Simultaneous dual-modal photoacoustic and harmonic ultrasound microscopy with an optimized acoustic combiner. Biomed Opt Express 2023; 14:1626-1635. [PMID: 37078044 PMCID: PMC10110316 DOI: 10.1364/boe.484038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous photoacoustic (PA) and ultrasound (US) imaging provides rich optical and acoustic contrasts with high sensitivity, specificity, and resolution, making it a promising tool for diagnosing and assessing various diseases. However, the resolution and penetration depth tend to be contradictory due to the increased attenuation of high-frequency ultrasound. To address this issue, we present simultaneous dual-modal PA/US microscopy with an optimized acoustic combiner that can maintain high resolution while improving the penetration of ultrasound imaging. A low-frequency ultrasound transducer is used for acoustic transmission, and a high-frequency transducer is used for PA and US detection. An acoustic beam combiner is utilized to merge the transmitting and receiving acoustic beams with a predetermined ratio. By combining the two different transducers, harmonic US imaging and high-frequency photoacoustic microscopy are implemented. In vivo experiments on the mouse brain demonstrate the simultaneous PA and US imaging ability. The harmonic US imaging of the mouse eye reveals finer iris and lens boundary structures than conventional US imaging, providing a high-resolution anatomical reference for co-registered PA imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Ave, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiangbo Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Ave, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mohammadreza Amjadian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Ave, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siyi Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Ave, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zheng Qu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Ave, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Ave, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yachao Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Ave, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lidai Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Ave, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Yuexing Yi Dao, Nanshan District, China
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17
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Qu Z, Liu Q, Kong X, Wang X, Wang Z, Wang J, Fang Y. A Systematic Study on Zinc-Related Metabolism in Breast Cancer. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071703. [PMID: 37049543 PMCID: PMC10096741 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has become the most common cancer worldwide. Despite the major advances made in the past few decades in the treatment of breast cancer using a combination of chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, and immunotherapy, the genesis, treatment, recurrence, and metastasis of this disease continue to pose significant difficulties. New treatment approaches are therefore urgently required. Zinc is an important trace element that is involved in regulating various enzymatic, metabolic, and cellular processes in the human body. Several studies have shown that abnormal zinc homeostasis can lead to the onset and progression of various diseases, including breast cancer. This review highlights the role played by zinc transporters in pathogenesis, apoptosis, signal transduction, and potential clinical applications in breast cancer. Additionally, the translation of the clinical applications of zinc and associated molecules in breast cancer, as well as the recent developments in the zinc-related drug targets for breast cancer treatment, is discussed. These developments offer novel insights into understanding the concepts and approaches that could be used for the diagnosis and management of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yi Fang
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (Y.F.)
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18
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Chen R, Hu HJ, Qu Z, Song YR, Lei QK, Liu CB, Tang YS, Wang CL, He ZZ, Ouyang ZW, Zhang K, Qiu Y, Dong C, Wang JF. High-field magnetization and electronic spin resonance study in the twisted honeycomb lattice α-Mn 2V 2O 7. J Phys Condens Matter 2023; 35:205801. [PMID: 36881910 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acc225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We report the single-crystal growth of Mn2V2O7and the results of magnetic susceptibility, high-field magnetization up to 55 T and high-frequency electric spin resonance (ESR) measurements for its low-temperatureαphase. Two antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering at 17.5 K and 3 K and obvious magnetic anisotropy are observed inα-Mn2V2O7upon cooling. In pulsed high magnetic fields, the compound reaches the saturation magnetic moment of ∼10.5μBfor each molecular formula at around 45 T after two undergoing AFM phase transitions atHc1≈ 16 T,Hc2≈ 34.5 T forH//[11-0] andHsf1= 2.5 T,Hsf2= 7 T forH//[001]. In these two directions, two and seven resonance modes are detected by ESR spectroscopy, respectively. Theω1andω2modes ofH//[11-0] can be well described by two-sublattice AFM resonance mode with two zero-field gaps at 94.51 GHz and 169.28 GHz, indicating a hard-axis feature. The seven modes forH//[001] are partially separated by the critical fields ofHsf1andHsf2, displaying the two signs of spin-flop transition. The fittings ofωc1andωc2modes yield zero-field gaps at 69.50 GHz and 84.73 GHz forH//[001], confirming the axis-type anisotropy. The saturated moment and gyromagnetic ratio indicate the Mn2+ion inα-Mn2V2O7is in a high spin state with orbital moment completely quenched. A quasi-one-dimensional magnetism with a zig-zag-chain spin configuration is suggested inα-Mn2V2O7, due to the special neighbor interactions caused by a distorted network structure with honeycomb layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Chen
- Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People's Republic of China
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - H J Hu
- Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Qu
- Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - Y R Song
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Q K Lei
- Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - C B Liu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Y S Tang
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures. Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - C L Wang
- Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Z He
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Z W Ouyang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - K Zhang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Qiu
- Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - C Dong
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - J F Wang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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19
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Zhu Q, Lin Y, Lyu X, Qu Z, Lu Z, Fu Y, Cheng J, Xie J, Chen T, Li B, Cheng H, Chen W, Jiang D. Fungal Strains with Identical Genomes Were Found at a Distance of 2000 Kilometers after 40 Years. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:1212. [PMID: 36422033 PMCID: PMC9697809 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Heredity and variation are inherent characteristics of species and are mainly reflected in the stability and variation of the genome; the former is relative, while the latter is continuous. However, whether life has both stable genomes and extremely diverse genomes at the same time is unknown. In this study, we isolated Sclerotinia sclerotiorum strains from sclerotium samples in Quincy, Washington State, USA, and found that four single-sclerotium-isolation strains (PB4, PB273, PB615, and PB623) had almost identical genomes to the reference strain 1980 isolated in the west of Nebraska 40 years ago. The genome of strain PB4 sequenced by the next-generation sequencing (NGS) and Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) sequencing carried only 135 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 18 structural variations (SVs) compared with the genome of strain 1980 and 48 SNPs were distributed on Contig_20. Based on data generated by NGS, three other strains, PB273, PB615, and PB623, had 256, 275, and 262 SNPs, respectively, against strain 1980, which were much less than in strain PB4 (532 SNPs) and none of them occurred on Contig_20, suggesting much closer genomes to strain 1980 than to strain PB4. All other strains from America and China are rich in SNPs with a range of 34,391-77,618 when compared with strain 1980. We also found that there were 39-79 SNPs between strain PB4 and its sexual offspring, 53.1% of which also occurred on Contig_20. Our discoveries show that there are two types of genomes in S. sclerotiorum, one is very stable and the other tends to change constantly. Investigating the mechanism of such genome stability will enhance our understanding of heredity and variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qili Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yang Lin
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xueliang Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zheng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ziyang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanping Fu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiasen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiatao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- Xinyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Daohong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
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20
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Wang C, Qu Z, Shen Y, Jiang J, Yin C, Zong Y. Numerical Investigation of the Performance of Segmental CFST Piers with External Energy Dissipators under Lateral Cyclic Loadings. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:6993. [PMID: 36234334 PMCID: PMC9572677 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve the construction efficiency of piers and reduce the local damage of piers, concrete-filled steel tubes (CFST) are used to precast pier segments. Aiming at the problems of the poor integrity and insufficient energy dissipation capacity of dry joint segmental assembled piers, segmental assembled concrete-filled steel tubular piers with external replaceable energy dissipators are being developed. Based on the low cyclic test of a segmental assembled CFST pier, the finite element numerical simulation model of a CFST pier is established based on ABAQUS software, and the validity of the numerical model is verified by the experimental results. The effects of the section ratio, axial compression ratio, and initial prestress on the seismic performance of piers are studied through a pseudostatic analysis. The results show that an increase in the section ratio can improve the lateral bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity of the pier. When the section ratio is increased to 4%, the energy dissipation capacity of a CFST pier is increased by 77.8% and the lateral bearing capacity is increased by 33.9% compared with a section ratio of 2%, but the residual displacement of the pier top also increases. With an increase in the axial compression ratio, the energy dissipation capacity of the pier is significantly improved; when the axial compression ratio is increased to 0.30, the energy dissipation capacity of CFST piers is increased by 27.5% compared with a section ratio of 0.05, the residual displacement of the pier top is reduced, and the self-resetting effect of the pier is improved. A change in the initial prestress has no effect on the energy dissipation capacity of piers. Finally, based on an analysis of mechanical theory, a formula of bending capacity suitable for this type of pier is proposed, and the error is within 10%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengquan Wang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Urban Infrastructure, Hangzhou 310015, China
- Key Laboratory of Safe Construction and Intelligent Maintenance for Urban Shield Tunnels of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Zheng Qu
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yonggang Shen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiqing Jiang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Urban Infrastructure, Hangzhou 310015, China
- Key Laboratory of Safe Construction and Intelligent Maintenance for Urban Shield Tunnels of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Chongli Yin
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yanwei Zong
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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21
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Zhang K, Qu Z, Li J, Wang J, Sun S, Yang F. Design of a Concentric Multi-Scale Zoom Optical System Based on Wide Object Distance and High-Precision Imaging. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:7356. [PMID: 36236454 PMCID: PMC9573237 DOI: 10.3390/s22197356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To effectively balance the trade-off between a large field of view (FOV) and high resolution of an optical system, as well as to solve the problem of image stitching misalignment after focusing, firstly, this paper conducts a theoretical analysis of the design principle of the concentric multi-scale optical system and the causes of image stitching misalignment after focusing. Secondly, the design idea of using a combination structure of a two-layer front concentric imaging group and an image-space telecentric relay imaging array and then a joint full-motion zoom relay imaging system is proposed. Finally, an image-space telecentric two-step zoom concentric multi-scale optical system with a 7 × 7 relay imaging array is designed. The FOV of this optical system is 60° × 45°; the focal lengths are 50 mm and 100 mm for the center channel and 50 mm for the other channels. This concentric multi-scale zoom system has the advantages of both high-precision imaging stitching with a wide object distance and high-resolution imaging, which makes up for the defects of the conventional concentric multi-scale optical system, making it a promising application in the fields of aviation and security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China
| | - Zheng Qu
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingchen Li
- Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China
| | - Si Sun
- Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China
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22
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Qu Z, Liu C, Zhu J, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Wang L. Two-step proximal gradient descent algorithm for photoacoustic signal unmixing. Photoacoustics 2022; 27:100379. [PMID: 35722270 PMCID: PMC9198964 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2022.100379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic microscopy uses multiple wavelengths to measure concentrations of different absorbers. The speed of sound limits the shortest wavelength switching time to sub-microseconds, which is a bottleneck for high-speed broad-spectrum imaging. Via computational separation of overlapped signals, we can break the sound-speed limit on the wavelength switching time. This paper presents a new signal unmixing algorithm named two-step proximal gradient descent. It is advantageous in separating multiple wavelengths with long overlapping and high noise. In the simulation, we can unmix up to nine overlapped signals and successfully separate three overlapped signals with 12-ns delay and 15.9-dB signal-to-noise ratio. We apply this technique to separate three-wavelength photoacoustic images in microvessels. In vivo results show that the algorithm can successfully unmix overlapped multi-wavelength photoacoustic signals, and the unmixed data can improve accuracy in oxygen saturation imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Qu
- City University of Hong Kong, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chao Liu
- City University of Hong Kong, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingyi Zhu
- City University of Hong Kong, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yachao Zhang
- City University of Hong Kong, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yingying Zhou
- City University of Hong Kong, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lidai Wang
- City University of Hong Kong, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Yuexing Yi Dao, Shenzhen, Guang Dong 518057, China
- Corresponding author at: City University of Hong Kong, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kowloon, .Hong Kong, China
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23
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Qu Z, Huang J, Wu G, Dong L, Zhang C, Bai Y. Tailor‐made iron‐organic molecular cage embedded polydimethylsiloxane membranes via emulsion casting technique for efficient VOCs removal. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Qu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi People's Republic of China
| | - Jiamin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi People's Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi People's Republic of China
| | - Liangliang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxiang Bai
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi People's Republic of China
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Zhang K, Qu Z, Zhong X, Chen Q, Zhang X. Design of binocular stereo vision optical system based on a single lens and a single sensor. Appl Opt 2022; 61:6690-6696. [PMID: 36255746 DOI: 10.1364/ao.461564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the number of detectors used in conventional binocular stereo cameras, while improving the measurement accuracy and compactness of the system, this paper proposes a design method for a binocular stereo vision optical system based on a single lens and a single sensor. First, based on the design principle of the traditional binocular optical system, to the best of our knowledge, a novel method of designing a framing lens array at the optical stop of the optical system is proposed to image two images on one detector simultaneously. Second, we propose a dual-frame lens array design method at the aperture stop position of the optical system that can image two images on one detector simultaneously. Then, the design principle of the method is analyzed theoretically, as well as a detailed analysis of the imaging position layout and the stray light elimination method of the dual-channel optical system. Finally, a single-lens binocular optical system with a focal length of 20 mm and a full field of view of 30° is designed using the method in this paper, and the analysis results demonstrate that the system has the advantages of good imaging quality and compact construction and provides a design idea for the design of a binocular stereo vision optical system.
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25
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Wang C, Qu Z, Chen L, Pan Y, Tang Y, Hu G, Gao R, Niu R, Liu Q, Gao X, Fang Y. Characterization of Lactate Metabolism Score in Breast and Thyroid Cancers to Assist Immunotherapy via Large-Scale Transcriptomic Data Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:928419. [PMID: 35873566 PMCID: PMC9301074 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.928419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) and thyroid cancer (TC) have the highest rate of incidence, especially in women. Previous studies have revealed that lactate provides energetic and anabolic support to cancer cells, thus serving as an important oncometabolite with both extracellular and intracellular signaling functions. However, the correlation of lactate metabolism scores with thyroid and breast cancer immune characteristics remains to be systematically analyzed. To investigate the role of lactate at the transcriptome level and its correlation with the clinical outcome of BC and TC, transcriptome data of 1,217 patients with breast cancer (BC) and 568 patients with thyroid cancer (TC) were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets with their corresponding clinical and somatic mutation data. The lactate metabolism score was calculated based on a single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). The results showed that lactate metabolism-related genes and lactate metabolism scores was significantly associated with the survival of patients with BRCA and THCA. Notably, the lactate metabolism scores were strongly correlated with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) expression, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) infiltration, and interferon (IFN) response in BC and TC. Furthermore, the lactate metabolism score was an independent prognostic factor and could serve as a reliable predictor of overall survival, clinical characteristics, and immune cell infiltration, with the potential to be applied in immunotherapy or precise chemotherapy of BC and TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Huangpu Branch, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Cheng Wang, ; Yi Fang,
| | - Zheng Qu
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunhao Pan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Huangpu Branch, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqing Tang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Huangpu Branch, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangfu Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Huangpu Branch, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Gao
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruijie Niu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Huangpu Branch, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyan Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Huangpu Branch, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Cheng Wang, ; Yi Fang,
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26
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Qu Z, Zhong X, Zhang K, Li L, Wang Y. Automatic initial configuration in off-axis reflective optical system design using combined nodal and Seidel aberration. Appl Opt 2022; 61:3630-3640. [PMID: 36256402 DOI: 10.1364/ao.457092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Currently, an off-axis reflective optical system is designed always from a coaxial initial system, and good imaging performance depends heavily on the choice of good initial configurations. This paper first establishes an imaging-performance evaluation function of the off-axis initial configuration based on nodal aberration theory and Seidel aberration theory. An automatic optimization method of the off-axis initial configuration using the global simulated annealing algorithm is proposed. Two design examples of off-axis three-mirror reflective optical systems are used to demonstrate the effectiveness and simplicity based on the initial configuration design method. Example 1: a series of optical systems with a large 10∘×3∘ field of view (FOV) is quickly and simply implemented using simple surfaces, and the optical systems exhibit perfect imaging quality. Example 2: starting from the good automatic initial configurations, two larger 20∘×3∘ FOV optical systems with focal lengths of 500 mm and f-numbers of five are designed, resulting in good imaging performance and providing a valuable design reference.
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27
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Umano A, Fang K, Qu Z, Scaglione JB, Altinok S, Treadway CJ, Wick ET, Paulakonis E, Karunanayake C, Chou S, Bardakjian TM, Gonzalez-Alegre P, Page RC, Schisler JC, Brown NG, Yan D, Scaglione KM. The molecular basis of spinocerebellar ataxia type 48 caused by a de novo mutation in the ubiquitin ligase CHIP. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101899. [PMID: 35398354 PMCID: PMC9097460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a class of incurable diseases characterized by degeneration of the cerebellum that results in movement disorder. Recently, a new heritable form of SCA, spinocerebellar ataxia type 48 (SCA48), was attributed to dominant mutations in STIP1 homology and U box-containing 1 (STUB1); however, little is known about how these mutations cause SCA48. STUB1 encodes for the protein C terminus of Hsc70 interacting protein (CHIP), an E3 ubiquitin ligase. CHIP is known to regulate proteostasis by recruiting chaperones via a N-terminal tetratricopeptide repeat domain and recruiting E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes via a C-terminal U-box domain. These interactions allow CHIP to mediate the ubiquitination of chaperone-bound, misfolded proteins to promote their degradation via the proteasome. Here we have identified a novel, de novo mutation in STUB1 in a patient with SCA48 encoding for an A52G point mutation in the tetratricopeptide repeat domain of CHIP. Utilizing an array of biophysical, biochemical, and cellular assays, we demonstrate that the CHIPA52G point mutant retains E3-ligase activity but has decreased affinity for chaperones. We further show that this mutant decreases cellular fitness in response to certain cellular stressors and induces neurodegeneration in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model of SCA48. Together, our data identify the A52G mutant as a cause of SCA48 and provide molecular insight into how mutations in STUB1 cause SCA48.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Umano
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - K Fang
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Z Qu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - J B Scaglione
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - S Altinok
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - C J Treadway
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - E T Wick
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - E Paulakonis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - C Karunanayake
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
| | - S Chou
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - T M Bardakjian
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - P Gonzalez-Alegre
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - R C Page
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
| | - J C Schisler
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - N G Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - D Yan
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - K M Scaglione
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Duke Center for Neurodegeneration and Neurotherapeutics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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28
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Zhang K, Qu Z, Zhong X, Li F, Yu S. 40× zoom optical system design based on stable imaging principle of four groups. Appl Opt 2022; 61:1516-1522. [PMID: 35201038 DOI: 10.1364/ao.451726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Based on stable imaging principle of four groups and combined with optical design software, a method for initial structure calculation of zoom optical system and optical system optimization design is proposed to solve the problems of difficult initial structure calculation, large volume, and inflection point of zoom curves of a high zoom ratio optical system. First, this paper theoretically derives the four-group stable imaging principle of the zoom optical system. Then, using the derived equations and optical design software, the initial structural parameters of the four-group zoom optical system are solved to ensure that there is no inflection point in the zoom curves. Finally, a lightweight and small 40× continuous zoom optical system is designed to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the design method proposed in this paper. The zoom optical system has the advantages of good imaging quality, lightweight, small size, smooth zoom, and no inflection point.
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Qu Z, Lyu C, Chi CH. MUSH: Multi-Stimuli Hawkes Process based Sybil Attacker Detector for User-Review Social Networks. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage 2022. [DOI: 10.1109/tnsm.2022.3186513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Qu
- School of Information Management and Engineering, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Lyu
- School of Information Management and Engineering, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China
| | - Chi-Hung Chi
- Strategic Centre for Research in Privacy-Preserving Technologies and Systems (SCRIPTS), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Chen H, Deng L, Qu Z, Liang L, Yan T, Xie Y, Li G. Tensor train decomposition for solving large-scale linear equations. Neurocomputing 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2021.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Al-Othman Y, Qu Z, Zhang P. Case Report. Cryoglobulin Hyaline-thrombi Associated Acute Jejunitis in A Patient with Type 2 Cryoglobulinemic Glomerulonephritis. Am J Clin Pathol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab191.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
Only one prior case report indicates that mixed positive cryoglobulin in serum can be associated with intestinal vasculitis (Annals of Internal Medicine, 1974).
Methods/Case Report
We report a 63-year old man with history of positive serum cryoglobulin and hepatitis-C 4 years ago and membranoproliferative pattern of glomerulonephritis with possible cryoglobulin type of deposits by electron microscopy on renal biopsy. After treatment, his hepatitis C became negative. But he was recently found to have monoclonal IgM-kappa and positive cryoglobulin in his serum, and the concurrent renal biopsy showed membranoproliferative pattern of glomerulopathy with many hyaline-thrombi (eosinophilic vascular occlusions with no lamination, inflammatory cells or nuclear debris) in the glomerular capillary loops (Figure, left panel). Both immunofluorescent and electron microscopy confirmed a mixed IgG polyclonal and IgM monoclonal type 2 cryglobulinemic glomerulonephritis. The patient also developed abdominal pain and underwent intestinal endoscopy with biopsy. His jejunal biopsy revealed neutrophil infiltration into glands and surface epithelium, with superficial sloughed epithelial cells, consistent with acute jejunitis with features of ischemic etiology. In addition, hyaline-thrombi were identified in the submucosal vessels with surrounding vasculitis (Figure, right panel); the central part of thrombi was morphologically similar to that found in glomerular capillary loops. Therefore, we conclude that cryoglobulin associated hyaline-thrombi were the most likely etiology to cause the acute ischemic jejunitis in this patient.
Results (if a Case Study enter NA)
NA
Conclusion
NA
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Al-Othman
- Pathology, Beaumont Health, Bloomfiled Hills, Michigan, UNITED STATES
| | - Z Qu
- Pathology, Beaumont Health, Bloomfiled Hills, Michigan, UNITED STATES
| | - P Zhang
- Pathology, Beaumont Health, Bloomfiled Hills, Michigan, UNITED STATES
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Deebajah M, Qu Z, Zhang P. GATA3 Is a Useful Immunohistochemical Marker to Differentiate Variants of Renal Tubular Lesions from Different Segments of Renal Tubules. Am J Clin Pathol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab191.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
GATA3 is found in glomerular mesangial cells, and the distal tubules & collecting ducts in metanephros and eventual kidneys, but not associated with the proximal tubules and loops of Henle. We hypothesize that GATA3 can be used as a marker to identify the origin of tubular differentiation in most renal tumors.
Methods/Case Report
Ten negative controls and 43 renal mass lesions (RCC, papillary, clear cell papillary, and chromophobe carcinomas, oncocytoma, and polycystic kidney disease). GATA3 nuclear stain was graded as negative (absent stain), equivocal and positive (< 5 and > 5% cells, respectively). Details of their GATA3 nuclear expression was analyzed for identifying their tubular segmental origins.
Results (if a Case Study enter NA)
In 10 normal renal parenchyma, GATA3 was positive in mesangial cells, distal tubules, and collecting ducts, but was negative in the proximal tubules and loop of Henle. The cystic lining of glomerulocystic renal disease was stained negatively for GATA3 (proximal tubular origin), whereas pediatric and adult variants of polycystic kidney diseases was positive for GATA3 staining (distal tubular origin). 1/10 ten clear cell RCC and papillary RCC showed focal positive GATA3 stain. GATA3 showed weakly positive staining in some oncocytomas (4/11) and some chromophobe RCC (4/11), indicating that they might be derived from the junctional segment between the loop of Henle and the distal tubules. By contrast, all clear cell papillary RCC (distal tubule origin) were diffusely positive.
Conclusion
Our results indicate that GATA3 is a useful immunohistochemical marker to determine the developmental origin in the specific renal tubular segment for the majority of renal mass lesions. Thus, it may be useful for routine differential diagnosis of these lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Deebajah
- Pathology, Beaumont hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, UNITED STATES
| | - Z Qu
- Pathology, Beaumont hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, UNITED STATES
| | - P Zhang
- Pathology, Beaumont hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, UNITED STATES
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Thorburn C, Qu Z, Zhang P. Increased Activated Plasma Cells in Inflammatory Bowel Disease When Compared to Ischemic Acute Colitis. Am J Clin Pathol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab191.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and acute ischemic colitis can both be involved by active colitis. IBD is characterized by crypt architectural distortion, basal lymphoplasmacytosis, and occasional granulomatous changes. However, diagnosis of IBDs is still largely by exclusion of other types of active colitis with similar changes. We previously demonstrated that glucose regulated protein 94 (grp94) is mainly expressed by activated plasma cells. We postulate that increased numbers of grp94-positive plasma cells may support diagnosis of IBDs. Here, we compared IBD and active ischemic colitis for grp94 expression in mucosal plasma cells of colectomy specimens
Methods/Case Report
Tissue sections from colectomy specimens with active IBD (n = 8) and ischemic colitis (n = 7) were examined for grp94 expression by immunohistochemistry (monoclonal antibody clone 9G10 at dilution of 1:200, Enzo Life Science, Inc Farmindale, NY). The staining intensity and highest number of grp94 in plasma cells per high power field was counted and recorded for each case, and combined scores were calculated as # of plasma cells multiplied by staining intensity (ranging from 0 to 3+). Unpaired student T tests were used to compare these indices between the two groups for statistical significance (p value < 0.05 was considered significantly different)
Results (if a Case Study enter NA)
Plasma cells in lamina propria identified by grp94 staining showed higher intensity in IBD than ischemic groups. The number of plasma cells and combined scores were also significantly higher in the IBC group than that of ischemic group
Conclusion
Our data indicates that active plasma cells are much more numerous in IBD than ischemic colitis, supporting the notion that active plasma cells are involved in the development of this disease process. Morphologically, active colitis with increased number of plasma cells appears to be another index favoring the diagnosis of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Thorburn
- Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Oak Park, Michigan, UNITED STATES
| | - Z Qu
- Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Oak Park, Michigan, UNITED STATES
| | - P Zhang
- Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Oak Park, Michigan, UNITED STATES
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Qu Z, Qu E, Huang J, Micale MA, Li E. Utilization of 2D Barcode Technology to Create Surgical Pathology Reports. Am J Clin Pathol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab191.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
After professional transcription service is eliminated, pathologists inevitably undertake the task of diagnostic data entry into pathology repot by adapting a variety of methods such as speech recognition, manual typing, and pre-texted command. Errors and inefficiency in reporting remain common problems, especially for information with unusual syntax such as genotype or nucleotide sequences. To overcome these shortcomings, we introduce here a novel application of a well-established technology as a complementary method, namely 2- dimensional (2D) barcode symbology.
Methods/Case Report
Commonly used diagnostic wordings of pathology reports including specimen type, surgical procedure, diagnosis, and test results are collated and organized by organ (specimen type) and by their frequency of usage/occurrence. Next, 2D data matrix barcodes are created for these diagnostic wordings using a on-line tool (www.free-barcode-generator.net/datamatrix/). The 2D barcodes along with their text are displayed on the computer screen (or printed out as a booklet). A 2D barcode scanner (Symbol LS2208, Motorola) was used to retrieve the text information from the barcodes and transfer into the pathology report. To assess the efficacy of this barcode method, we evaluated the time of data entry into reports for 117 routine cases using an on-line stopwatch and compared with those by other data entry methods.
Results (if a Case Study enter NA)
Unlike manual typing or speech recognition, the barcode method did not introduce typographic or phonosemantic errors since the method simply transferred pre-texted and proof-read text content to report. It was also faster than manual typing or speech recognition, and its speed was comparable to that of the pre-text method integrated in LIS but did not require human memorization of innumerable text commands to retrieve desired diagnosis wordings.
Conclusion
Our preliminary results demonstrated that the diagnostic data entry time was reduced from 28.5% by other methods to 22.1% by the barcode method although due to the small sample size, statistical analysis was not conclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Qu
- Pathology, Beaumont Health System, Royal Oak, Michigan, UNITED STATES
| | - E Qu
- Pathology, Beaumont Health System, Royal Oak, Michigan, UNITED STATES
| | - J Huang
- Pathology, Beaumont Health System, Royal Oak, Michigan, UNITED STATES
| | - M A Micale
- Pathology, Beaumont Health System, Royal Oak, Michigan, UNITED STATES
| | - E Li
- Computer Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, UNITED STATES
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Qu Z, Zhang H, Wang Q, Zhao H, Liu X, Fu Y, Lin Y, Xie J, Cheng J, Li B, Jiang D. Exploring the Symbiotic Mechanism of a Virus-Mediated Endophytic Fungus in Its Host by Dual Unique Molecular Identifier-RNA Sequencing. mSystems 2021; 6:e0081421. [PMID: 34519518 PMCID: PMC8547468 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00814-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The symbiosis of endophytes and plants is universal in nature. However, how endophytes grow in plants is not entirely clear. Previously, we reported that a virus-infected fungal pathogen could grow in plants as an endophyte. In this study, we utilized Sclerotinia sclerotiorum strain DT-8, a virus-mediated endophyte, to investigate the mechanism of symbiosis with rapeseed by dual unique molecular identifier-RNA sequencing (dual-UMI RNA-seq). We found that the expressions of genes encoding S. sclerotiorum amylase/glucoamylase, glucose transporters, and rapeseed sugars will eventually be exported transporter 11 (SWEET11) were upregulated. It suggested that strain DT-8 might utilize plant starch as a nutrient. The defense systems of rapeseed were also activated, such as production of reactive oxygen species, phenylpropanoids, and brassinin, to control the growth of strain DT-8, while strain DT-8 counteracted host suppression by producing effector-like proteins, detoxification enzymes, and antioxidant components. Moreover, rapeseed also upregulated pectate lyase and pectinesterase genes to facilitate the colonization by strain DT-8. Our findings provide novel insights into the interaction of virus-mediated endophytes and their hosts that warrant further study. IMPORTANCE Although endophytes are widespread in nature, the interactions between endophytes and their hosts are still not fully understood. Members of a unique class of endophytes, the virus-mediated endophytic fungi, are continuously being discovered and have received wide attention. In this study, we investigated the interaction between a mycovirus-mediated endophytic fungus and its host rapeseed by using dual-UMI RNA-seq. According to the dual-UMI RNA-seq results, an aerial view of symbiotic mechanism under balanced regulation was suggested. This research expands our understanding of the symbiotic mechanisms of virus-fungus-plant interactions and could establish a foundation for the further development of practical application with virus-mediated hypovirulent fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Huizhang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaofan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanping Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Lin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiatao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiasen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Daohong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
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Liu Y, Xue K, Iversen KN, Qu Z, Dong C, Jin T, Hallmans G, Åman P, Johansson A, He G, Landberg R. The effects of fermented rye products on gut microbiota and their association with metabolic factors in Chinese adults - an explorative study. Food Funct 2021; 12:9141-9150. [PMID: 34397057 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01423d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rye is among the cereals with the highest content of dietary fibre. A high rye food intake has been associated with improved metabolic risk factors in some but not all observational and intervention studies. Whole-grain rye has also been suggested to affect the gut microbiota in individuals with metabolic syndrome. However, it is yet unclear to what extent effects on the gut microbiota mediate the beneficial metabolic responses of whole-grain rye intake. We hypothesized that a high intake of whole grain rye products containing fermented rye bran (FRB) vs. refined wheat based products (RW) could alter the gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) composition towards a phenotype associated with beneficial metabolic effects in a population not used to such foods. For this purpose, we conducted a post hoc analysis of a 12-week randomized controlled trial in Chinese adults with Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, with 53 participants consuming RW and 31 participants consuming FRB included in the analysis. Anthropometric measurements and fasting blood and fecal sample analyses as well as 13C-urea breath test were performed at baseline and after a 12-week intervention. At week 12, we observed a higher serum insulin concentration (P-value = 0.038) in the FRB group (n = 31) versus the RW group (n = 53), and this difference was corroborated with alterations in the genus-level relative abundances of the gut microbiota, represented by an increase in Romboutsia and a reduction in Bilophila in the FRB group (n = 22) versus the RW group (n = 46). Compared to the RW group (n = 53), fecal acetic acid concentration was significantly higher in the FRB group (n = 31) at week 12. We also found that fecal acetic and butyric acids positively, while isobutyric, isovaleric and 2-methylbutyric acids inversely, correlated with the gut Romboutsia level among all participants (n = 68) at week 12. We found positive correlations of fecal isobutyric, isovaleric and 2-methylbutyric acids with gut Bilophila (n = 68). In conclusion, our results suggest that the intake of high-fibre rye products could modify gut Romboutsia and Bilophila in a Chinese population with HP infection. These effects are paralleled with favorable modifications of the SCFA concentration and are associated with altered glycemic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Liu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kun Xue
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kia N Iversen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Zheng Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenglin Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Taiyi Jin
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Per Åman
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Johansson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden and Department of Odontology, Section of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Gengsheng He
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Trobinger M, Jahne C, Qu Z, Elsner J, Reindl A, Getz S, Goll T, Loinger B, Loibl T, Kugler C, Calafell C, Sabaghian M, Ende T, Wahrmann D, Parusel S, Haddadin S, Haddadin S. Introducing GARMI - A Service Robotics Platform to Support the Elderly at Home: Design Philosophy, System Overview and First Results. IEEE Robot Autom Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1109/lra.2021.3082012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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38
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Xi H, Zhang X, Qu Z, Yang D, Alariqi M, Yang Z, Nie X, Zhu L. Effects of cotton-maize rotation on soil microbiome structure. Mol Plant Pathol 2021; 22:673-682. [PMID: 33774915 PMCID: PMC8126184 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Verticillium wilt is a disastrous disease in cotton-growing regions in China. As a common management method, cotton rotation with cereal crops is used to minimize the loss caused by Verticillium dahliae. However, the correlation between soil microbiome and the control of Verticillium wilt under a crop rotation system is unclear. Therefore, three cropping systems (fallow, cotton continuous cropping, and cotton-maize rotation) were designed and applied for three generations under greenhouse conditions to investigate the different responses of the soil microbial community. The soil used in this study was taken from a long-term cotton continuous cropping field and inoculated with V. dahliae before use. Our results showed that the diversity of the soil bacterial community was increased under cotton-maize rotation, while the diversity of the fungal community was obviously decreased. Meanwhile, the structure and composition of the bacterial communities were similar even under the different cropping systems, but they differed in the soil fungal communities. Through microbial network interaction analysis, we found that Verticillium interacted with 17 bacterial genera, among which Terrabacter had the highest correlation with Verticillium. Furthermore, eight fungal and eight bacterial species were significantly correlated with V. dahliae. Collectively, this work aimed to study the interactions among V. dahliae, the soil microbiome, and plant hosts, and elucidate the relationship between crop rotation and soil microbiome, providing a new theoretical basis to screen the biological agents that may contribute to Verticillium wilt control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xi
- College of AgricultureShihezi UniversityShiheziChina
| | - Xuekun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zheng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Dingyi Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Muna Alariqi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | | | - Xinhui Nie
- College of AgricultureShihezi UniversityShiheziChina
| | - Longfu Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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Abbas A, Fu Y, Qu Z, Zhao H, Sun Y, Lin Y, Xie J, Cheng J, Jiang D. Isolation and evaluation of the biocontrol potential of Talaromyces spp. against rice sheath blight guided by soil microbiome. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:5946-5961. [PMID: 33989446 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani is the major disease of rice that seriously threatens food security worldwide. Efficient and eco-friendly biological approaches are urgently needed since no resistant cultivars are available. In this study, fallow and paddy soils were initially subjected to microbiome analyses, and the results showed that Talaromyces spp. were significantly more abundant in the paddy soil, while Trichoderma spp. were more abundant in the fallow soil, suggesting that Talaromyces spp. could live and survive better in the paddy soil. Five Talaromyces isolates, namely, TF-04, TF-03, TF-02, TF-01 and TA-02, were isolated from the paddy soil using sclerotia of R. solani as baits and were further evaluated for their activity against rice sheath blight. These isolates efficiently parasitized the hyphae and rotted the sclerotia even at higher water contents in the sterilized sand and the soil. Isolate TF-04 significantly promoted rice growth, reduced the severity of rice sheath blight and increased the rice yield under outdoor conditions. Defence-related genes were upregulated and enzyme activities were enhanced in rice treated with isolate TF-04. Our research supplies a microbiome-guided approach to screen biological control agents and provides Talaromyces isolates to biologically control rice sheath blight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqleem Abbas
- State Key Laboratory of Agriculture Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Agriculture Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Huizhang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agriculture Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjian Sun
- Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xiangyang, Hubei Province, 441057, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Lin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiatao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agriculture Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiasen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agriculture Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Daohong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agriculture Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
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Qu Z, Yang S, Xing F, Tong R, Yang C, Guo R, Huang J, Lu F, Fu C, Yan X, Hectors S, Gillen K, Wang Y, Liu C, Zhan S, Li J. Magnetic resonance quantitative susceptibility mapping in the evaluation of hepatic fibrosis in chronic liver disease: a feasibility study. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2021; 11:1170-1183. [PMID: 33816158 DOI: 10.21037/qims-20-720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Noninvasive methods for the early diagnosis and staging of hepatic fibrosis are needed. The present study aimed to investigate the alteration of magnetic susceptibility in the liver of patients with various fibrosis stages and to evaluate the feasibility of using susceptibility to stage hepatic fibrosis. Methods A total of 30 consecutive patients with chronic liver diseases (CLDs) underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and liver biopsy evaluation of hepatic fibrosis, necroinflammatory activity, iron load, and steatosis. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), R2* and proton density fat fraction (PDFF) images were postprocessed from the same gradient-echo data for quantitative tissue characterization using region of interest (ROI) analysis. The differences for MRI measurements between cohorts of non-significant (Ishak-F <3) and significant fibrosis (Ishak-F ≥3) and the correlation of MRI measurements with fibrosis stages and necroinflammatory activity grades were tested. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was also performed. Results There was a significant difference in liver susceptibility between the cohorts of significant and non-significant fibrosis (Z=-2.880, P=0.004). A moderate negative correlation between the stages of liver fibrosis and liver susceptibility was observed (r=-0.471, P=0.015). Liver magnetic susceptibility differentiated non-significant from significant hepatic fibrosis with an area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) of 0.836 (P=0.004). A highly sensitive diagnostic performance with an AUC of 0.933 was obtained using magnetic susceptibility and PDFF together (P<0.001). Conclusions A noninvasive liver QSM-based evaluation promises an accurate assessment of significant fibrosis in patients with CLDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Qu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuohui Yang
- Department of Radiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xing
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Tong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyao Yang
- Department of Radiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongfang Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiling Huang
- Department of Radiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Caixia Fu
- MR Collaboration NE Asia, Siemens Healthcare, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Yan
- MR Collaboration NE Asia, Siemens Healthcare, Shanghai, China
| | - Stefanie Hectors
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kelly Gillen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Chenghai Liu
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songhua Zhan
- Department of Radiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianqi Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Xue K, Liu Y, Iversen KN, Mazidi M, Qu Z, Dong C, Jin T, Hallmans G, Åman P, Johansson A, He G, Landberg R. Impact of a Fermented High-Fiber Rye Diet on Helicobacter pylori and Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors: A Randomized Controlled Trial Among Helicobacter pylori-Positive Chinese Adults. Front Nutr 2021; 7:608623. [PMID: 33521037 PMCID: PMC7844128 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.608623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: High dietary fiber intake has been associated with reduced risk of Helicobacter pylori infection and co-morbidities such as gastric cancer but also with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. It has been suggested that fermented rye could affect Helicobacter pylori bacterial load and that high- fiber rye may be superior to wheat for improvement of several cardiometabolic risk factors, but few long-term interventions with high fiber rye foods have been conducted. Objective: To examine the effect of high-fiber wholegrain rye foods with added fermented rye bran vs. refined wheat on Helicobacter pylori infection and cardiometabolic risk markers in a Chinese population with a low habitual consumption of high fiber cereal foods. Design: A parallel dietary intervention was set up and 182 normal- or overweight men and women were randomized to consume wholegrain rye products containing fermented rye bran (FRB) or refined wheat (RW) for 12 weeks. Anthropometric measurements, fasting blood sample collection and 13C-urea breath test (13C-UBT) were performed at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks of intervention as well as 12 weeks after the end of the intervention. Results: No difference between diets on Helicobacter pylori bacterial load measured by 13C-UBT breath test or in virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori in blood samples were found. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were significantly lower in the FRB group, compared to the RW group after 12 weeks of intervention. The intervention diets did not affect markers of glucose metabolism or insulin sensitivity. Conclusions: While the results of the present study did not support any effect of FRB on Helicobacter pylori bacterial load, beneficial effects on LDL-C and hs-CRP were clearly shown. This suggest that consumption of high fiber rye foods instead of refined wheat could be one strategy for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Clinical Trial Registration: The trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov, Identifier: NCT03103386.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xue
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kia Nøhr Iversen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mohsen Mazidi
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Zheng Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenglin Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Tayi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Per Åman
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Johansson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Odontology, Section of Cariology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Gengsheng He
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Sun B, Qu Z, Cheng GL, Yang YW, Miao YF, Chen XG, Zhou XB, Li B. Urinary microRNAs miR-15b and miR-30a as novel noninvasive biomarkers for gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury. Toxicol Lett 2020; 338:105-113. [PMID: 33290828 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs serve as potential biomarkers in various pathological models, and are stable and detectable in biofluids. We investigated the urinary microRNA expression profile in a gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury canine model using RNA sequencing. A total of 234 differentially expressed microRNAs were screened after 12 consecutive days of gentamicin administration (P < 0.05). Six candidate microRNAs (miR-15b, -15b-3p, -16, -30a, -30a-3p, and -30c-2-3p) were selected according to a set criterion, and validated by real-time quantitative PCR. The diagnostic values of these six candidate microRNAs were better than the traditional serum biomarkers (all P < 0.05). Further, using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, we found that miR-15b and -15b-3p were superior to urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (both P < 0.05). Moreover, miR-15b and -30a levels in the urine samples significantly correlated with their respective levels in the kidney tissue samples (r=0.512 and 0.505, respectively, both P < 0.05). Our data concluded that miR-15b and -30a may be promising biomarkers for renal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sun
- College of Bioengineering, Beijing Polytechnic, Beijing, 100029, China; National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Z Qu
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - G L Cheng
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Y W Yang
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Y F Miao
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - X G Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - X B Zhou
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, China.
| | - B Li
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, China.
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Ma Z, Xing X, Qu Z, Sun Y, Sun G, Wang X, Han Y. Activity of microporous lignin-derived carbon-based solid catalysts used in biodiesel production. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:1840-1846. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Feng JW, Ye J, Wu WX, Qu Z, Qin AC, Jiang Y. Management of cN0 papillary thyroid microcarcinoma patients according to risk-scoring model for central lymph node metastasis and predictors of recurrence. J Endocrinol Invest 2020; 43:1807-1817. [PMID: 32557354 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01326-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of routine prophylactic central neck dissection (pCND) in clinically lymph node-negative (cN0) papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) patients remains controversial. This retrospective study aimed to identify the clinical and pathologic factors of central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) and recurrence in PTMC patients. METHODS A total of 371 cN0 PTMC patients from two hospitals were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent thyroidectomy plus pCND between January 2010 and January 2018. Clinicopathological features were collected, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the risk factors of CLNM. A scoring model was constructed on the basis of the results of independent risk factors of CLNM. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the risk factors of recurrence. RESULTS CLNM occurred in 123 (33.2%) patients. Multivariate analysis showed male, tumor size > 0.75 cm, multifocality, extrathyroidal extension (ETE) and tumor in the middle/lower pole were independent risk predictors of CLNM (P < 0.05). A seven-point risk-scoring model was established to predict the stratified CLNM in cN0 PTMC patients. Multivariate Cox regression model showed ETE, vascular invasion and CLNM were independent risk predictors of recurrence (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study suggested that routine pCND should be performed for cN0 PTMC patients with score ≥ 3 according to the risk-scoring model. Moreover, patients with risk factors of recurrence should consider more complete treatment and more frequent follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-W Feng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou First People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - J Ye
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou First People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - W-X Wu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou First People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Z Qu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou First People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - A-C Qin
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Y Jiang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou First People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Sun L, Yang MM, Zhao JM, Zhang X, Qu Z. [Analysis of the hard and soft tissue following immediate and early implant placement in the anterior area of maxilla]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 55:857-863. [PMID: 33171559 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20200610-00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the difference of soft and hard tissue changes between immediate implant and early implant placement in maxillary anterior region, so as to provide the basis for the selection of implant timing and surgical method for patients in clinical maxillary anterior dental esthetic zone. Methods: From January 2016 to January 2019, 89 patients [48 males and 41 females, aged (38.0±13.3) years] with dentition defect and single tooth implant restoration in the Department of Oral Implantology, Dalian Stomatological Hospital were retrospectively collected. The patients were divided into three groups according to different implant timing and operation methods: immediate implant flapless group (26 cases), immediate implant flap group (30 cases) and early implant group (33 cases, early implant 4-8 weeks after tooth extraction). The operation time, intraoperative and postoperative complications were compared among the three groups. Cone-beam CT was taken before operation, immediately after operation and 6 months after operation. The bone plate thickness immediately after implantation, bone plate thickness at 6 months after operation and absorption amount of bone plate thickness at labial side (immediately after operation minus 6 months after operation) were measured, and the absorption rate of labial bone plate was calculated. Three dimensional quantitative analysis was performed on the lip bone increment, residual bone volume (6 months after operation minus preoperative), and bone volume absorption rate of the three groups immediately after operation by using GuideMia, PlastyCAD and Geomagic engineering software. The pink and white esthetic indexes of the three groups were evaluated at 9 months and 15 months after implant placement. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) value was measured at 6 months after implantation, and the patients' satisfaction with the whole treatment process was investigated at 6 months after implantation. Results: The operation time of immediate implant flapless group was the shortest, the median (lower quartile, upper quartile) was 36.5 (33.3, 38.5) min. At 9 months after operation, PES was relatively high [8.5 (8.0, 9.0)], and the final patient satisfaction was 8.0 (7.3, 8.8), and the difference was statistically significant compared with the other two groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications among the groups (P>0.05). At 6 months after operation, the thickness of labial bone plate in early group was 3.09 (3.00, 3.25) mm, which was greater than that in the immediate non flap group [1.90 (1.72, 2.33) mm] and that in the immediate implant flap group [2.39 (2.05, 3.06) mm], and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The absorption of labial bone thickness in immediate implant flapless group [0.61 (0.35, 0.98) mm] was significantly lower than that in the immediate implant flap group [1.13 (0.97, 1.53) mm] and that in the early implant group [1.23 (1.07, 1.37) mm] (P<0.05). After 6 months, the residual bone volume of immediate flapless group was 38.7 (31.2, 54.6) mm3 and was significantly different from that in early implant group [109.1 (85.6, 263.1) mm3] (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the residual bone volume between immediate implant flapless group and immediate implant flap group (P>0.05). Conclusions: Immediate implant can reduce the treatment time with equal esthetic outcome of implant supported restoration of anterior teeth, and patients prefer it more. The bone volume of lip side was not significantly increased after immediate flap operation, and the bone absorption was less after immediate flap operation. Early implant placement can better maintain the three-dimensional bone mass, and the three groups can obtain good clinical results in the short term, but the long-term effect needs further follow-up study.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sun
- Department of Oral Implantology, Dalian Stomatological Hospital, Dalian 116021, China
| | - M M Yang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Dalian Stomatological Hospital, Dalian 116021, China
| | - J M Zhao
- Department of Oral Implantology, Dalian Stomatological Hospital, Dalian 116021, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Dalian Stomatological Hospital, Dalian 116021, China
| | - Z Qu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Dalian Stomatological Hospital, Dalian 116021, China
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Qu Z, Jin X, Wang Y, Yang Y, Yang Li, Bai X, Yang Y, Xu N, Wang X, Liu M. Effect of recombinant serine protease from newborn larval stage of Trichinella spiralis on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced experimental colitis in mice. Acta Trop 2020; 211:105553. [PMID: 32562622 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex immune-mediated disease of gastrointestinal tract that is mainly driven by Th1/Th17 immune response. "Helminth therapy" has emerged, and helminth-derived immunoregulatory molecules are being used as safe and new therapeutic antigens for IBD. Recombinant serine protease (SP) from newborn Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) larvae (NBL) was expressed and purified. BALB/c mice were immunized with NBL-SP at 100 µg three times at an interval of 5 days. Experimental colitis was induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) administration. The disease activity index (DAI) and macroscopic and microscopic scores of the colon were assessed to identify the effect of NBL-SP on experimental colitis. Cytokine production in the serum was analysed by meso scale discovery (MSD). Cytokine production in the colon was detected by ELISA. CD4+T cell differentiation was measured by flow cytometry. NBL-SP alleviated TNBS-induced colitis in mice. The DAI, macroscopic and microscopic scores and colon length all showed a positive intervention effect of NBL-SP on experimental colitis. NBL-SP can weaken the increase in IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-17 production as well as CD4+ IFN-γ+T cell and CD4+IL-17+T cell populations induced by colitis. Furthermore, the levels of Th2-related cytokines (IL-4, IL-5) and regulatory cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β) were elevated meanwhile the ratio of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CD4+ IL-4 + T cells were increased by NBL-SP. NBL-SP of T. spiralis had a potential protective effect against IBD. NBL-SP skewed the Th1 and Th17-mediated response towards the Th2 and Treg response.
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Xu D, Tang B, Wang Y, Zhang L, Qu Z, Shi W, Wang X, Sun Q, Sun S, Liu M. The immune protection induced by a serine protease from the Trichinella spiralis adult administered as DNA and protein vaccine. Acta Trop 2020; 211:105622. [PMID: 32645301 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Trichinellosis is caused by Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis), which is an important public health problem. In this study, a gene encoding a serine protease from adult worms of T. spiralis (Ts-Adsp) was screened from a cDNA library of adult worms and was cloned and expressed in a prokaryotic expression system. The gene Ts-Adsp was subcloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+), which was named pcDNA3.1(+)-Adsp. Previous studies have found that recombinant Ts-Adsp protein (rTs-Adsp) can elicit partial protection against T. spiralis infection in mice. Our aim was to explore the protective effect of combining a DNA vaccine with the rTs-Adsp protein against T. spiralis. One week after the last vaccination, the serum and spleen were obtained. The levels of IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a and cytokine production in serum and spleen cells were analyzed. The results showed that the levels of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses increased in the pcDNA3.1(+)-Adsp/rTs-Adsp group mice and demonstrated that a Th1/Th2 mixed immune response was induced by pcDNA3.1(+)-Adsp/rTs-Adsp after vaccination. Moreover, mice vaccinated with pcDNA3.1(+)-Adsp/rTs-Adsp displayed a 69.50% reduction in muscle larvae burden. This study suggested that mixed immunity could improve the muscle larvae reduction rate.
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Zhang H, Xie J, Fu Y, Cheng J, Qu Z, Zhao Z, Cheng S, Chen T, Li B, Wang Q, Liu X, Tian B, Collinge DB, Jiang D. A 2-kb Mycovirus Converts a Pathogenic Fungus into a Beneficial Endophyte for Brassica Protection and Yield Enhancement. Mol Plant 2020; 13:1420-1433. [PMID: 32998002 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Mycoviruses are viruses that infect fungi, and hypovirulence-associated mycoviruses have the potential to control fungal diseases. However, it is unclear how mycovirus-mediated hypovirulent strains live and survive in the field, and no mycovirus has been applied for field crop protection. In this study, we found that a previously identified small DNA mycovirus (SsHADV-1) can convert its host, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, from a typical necrotrophic pathogen to a beneficial endophytic fungus. SsHADV-1 downregulates the expression of key pathogenicity factor genes in S. sclerotiorum during infection. When growing in rapeseed, the SsHADV-1-infected strain DT-8 significantly regulates the expression of rapeseed genes involved in defense, hormone signaling, and circadian rhythm pathways. As a result, plant growth is promoted and disease resistance is enhanced. Field experiments showed that spraying DT-8 at the early flowering stage can reduce the disease severity of rapeseed stem rot by 67.6% and improve yield by 14.9%. Moreover, we discovered that SsHADV-1 could also infect other S. sclerotiorum strains on DT-8-inoculated plants and that DT-8 could be recovered from dead plants. These findings suggest that the mycoviruses may have the ability to shape the origin of endophytism. Our discoveries suggest that mycoviruses may influence the origin of endophytism and may also offer a novel strategy for disease control in which mycovirus-infected strains are used to improve crop health and release mycoviruses into the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China; The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiatao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China; The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanping Fu
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiasen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China; The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China; The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China; The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shufen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China; The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Chen
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China; The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China; The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China; The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Binnian Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China; The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - David B Collinge
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Daohong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China; The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
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Wang XY, Tao R, Qu Z, Zhang Y, Deng YM, Yi JN, Deng MY, Liu WD. [Risk factors of permanent stoma in rectal cancer patients undergoing transabdominal anterior resection with temporary stoma]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 23:780-785. [PMID: 32810950 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20191107-00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the risk factors of turning temporary stoma into permanent stoma in rectal cancer patients undergoing transabdominal anterior resection with temporary stoma. Methods: A case-control study was carried out. Data of rectal cancer patients who underwent transabdominal anterior resection with temporary stoma and completed follow-up in Department of General Surgery of Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from June 2008 to June 2018 were collected and analyzed. In this study, temporary stoma included defunctioning stoma (ostomy was made during operation) and salvage stoma (ostomy was made within one month after operation due to anastomotic leakage or severe complications). Cases of multiple intestinal tumors were excluded. A total of 308 rectal cancer patients were enrolled in the study, including 198 males and 110 females with a median age of 56 (48-65) years. Ninety-four patients received intraperitoneal chemotherapy during operation. Among 308 patients, upper rectal cancer was observed in 64 cases, middle rectal cancer in 89 cases and low rectal cancer in 155 cases. Twenty patients underwent transverse colostomy and 288 underwent ileostomy. Phone call following-up was conducted from August to September 2019 to investigate whether stoma was reversed, causes of reversal failure, and tumor relapsed or not in detail. Permanent stoma was defined as that the stoma was still not reversed by the latest follow-up. The univariate analysis was performed with chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, and variables with P value < 0.10 were included in the non-conditional logistic regression model for multivariate analysis. Results: The median follow-up time was 54.3 (32.4-73.8) months. During follow-up, 8 cases had local recurrence and 37 cases had distant metastasis. Among the 308 patients with temporary ostomy, 247 (80.2%) patients had stomas reversed and the median interval time was 4.5 (3.5-6.1) months. The median interval time in 65 patients with salvage stoma was significantly longer that in 182 patients with defunctioning stoma [5.5 (4.3-7.5) vs. 4.2 (3.4-5.5) months; Z=-4.387, P<0.001]. The temporary ostomy was confirmed to become permanent stoma in 61 patients (19.8%), including 45 cases of defunctioning stoma and 16 cases of salvage stoma. Univariate analysis showed that preoperative anemia, intraperitoneal chemotherapy during operation, middle rectal cancer, transverse colostomy, pathological stage, postoperative local recurrence and distant metastasis were associated with permanent stoma (all P<0.10). Multivariate analysis revealed that the intraperitoneal chemotherapy during operation (OR=1.961, 95% CI: 1.029-3.738, P=0.041), middle rectal cancer (OR=2.401, 95% CI: 1.195-4.826, P=0.014), transverse colostomy (OR=3.433, 95% CI: 1.234-9.553, P=0.018), and distant metastasis (OR=8.282, 95% CI:3.820-17.954, P<0.001) were independent risk factors of permanent stoma. Conclusions: There is high risk of turning temporary stoma into permanent stoma among rectal cancer patients undergoing transabdominal anterior resection who receive intraperitoneal chemotherapy during operation, present as the middle rectal cancer, undergo transverse colostomy or develop distant metastasis. Surgeons need to evaluate and balance the risks and benefits thoroughly, and then inform the patients in order to avoid potential conflicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya) , Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - R Tao
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya) , Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Z Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya) , Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya) , Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Y M Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya) , Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - J N Yi
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - M Y Deng
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410012, China
| | - W D Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya) , Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
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Angelopoulos V, Tsai E, Bingley L, Shaffer C, Turner DL, Runov A, Li W, Liu J, Artemyev AV, Zhang XJ, Strangeway RJ, Wirz RE, Shprits YY, Sergeev VA, Caron RP, Chung M, Cruce P, Greer W, Grimes E, Hector K, Lawson MJ, Leneman D, Masongsong EV, Russell CL, Wilkins C, Hinkley D, Blake JB, Adair N, Allen M, Anderson M, Arreola-Zamora M, Artinger J, Asher J, Branchevsky D, Capitelli MR, Castro R, Chao G, Chung N, Cliffe M, Colton K, Costello C, Depe D, Domae BW, Eldin S, Fitzgibbon L, Flemming A, Fox I, Frederick DM, Gilbert A, Gildemeister A, Gonzalez A, Hesford B, Jha S, Kang N, King J, Krieger R, Lian K, Mao J, McKinney E, Miller JP, Norris A, Nuesca M, Palla A, Park ESY, Pedersen CE, Qu Z, Rozario R, Rye E, Seaton R, Subramanian A, Sundin SR, Tan A, Turner W, Villegas AJ, Wasden M, Wing G, Wong C, Xie E, Yamamoto S, Yap R, Zarifian A, Zhang GY. The ELFIN Mission. Space Sci Rev 2020; 216:103. [PMID: 32831412 PMCID: PMC7413588 DOI: 10.1007/s11214-020-00721-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Electron Loss and Fields Investigation with a Spatio-Temporal Ambiguity-Resolving option (ELFIN-STAR, or heretoforth simply: ELFIN) mission comprises two identical 3-Unit (3U) CubeSats on a polar (∼93∘ inclination), nearly circular, low-Earth (∼450 km altitude) orbit. Launched on September 15, 2018, ELFIN is expected to have a >2.5 year lifetime. Its primary science objective is to resolve the mechanism of storm-time relativistic electron precipitation, for which electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves are a prime candidate. From its ionospheric vantage point, ELFIN uses its unique pitch-angle-resolving capability to determine whether measured relativistic electron pitch-angle and energy spectra within the loss cone bear the characteristic signatures of scattering by EMIC waves or whether such scattering may be due to other processes. Pairing identical ELFIN satellites with slowly-variable along-track separation allows disambiguation of spatial and temporal evolution of the precipitation over minutes-to-tens-of-minutes timescales, faster than the orbit period of a single low-altitude satellite (Torbit ∼ 90 min). Each satellite carries an energetic particle detector for electrons (EPDE) that measures 50 keV to 5 MeV electrons with Δ E/E < 40% and a fluxgate magnetometer (FGM) on a ∼72 cm boom that measures magnetic field waves (e.g., EMIC waves) in the range from DC to 5 Hz Nyquist (nominally) with <0.3 nT/sqrt(Hz) noise at 1 Hz. The spinning satellites (Tspin ∼ 3 s) are equipped with magnetorquers (air coils) that permit spin-up or -down and reorientation maneuvers. Using those, the spin axis is placed normal to the orbit plane (nominally), allowing full pitch-angle resolution twice per spin. An energetic particle detector for ions (EPDI) measures 250 keV - 5 MeV ions, addressing secondary science. Funded initially by CalSpace and the University Nanosat Program, ELFIN was selected for flight with joint support from NSF and NASA between 2014 and 2018 and launched by the ELaNa XVIII program on a Delta II rocket (with IceSatII as the primary). Mission operations are currently funded by NASA. Working under experienced UCLA mentors, with advice from The Aerospace Corporation and NASA personnel, more than 250 undergraduates have matured the ELFIN implementation strategy; developed the instruments, satellite, and ground systems and operate the two satellites. ELFIN's already high potential for cutting-edge science return is compounded by concurrent equatorial Heliophysics missions (THEMIS, Arase, Van Allen Probes, MMS) and ground stations. ELFIN's integrated data analysis approach, rapid dissemination strategies via the SPace Environment Data Analysis System (SPEDAS), and data coordination with the Heliophysics/Geospace System Observatory (H/GSO) optimize science yield, enabling the widest community benefits. Several storm-time events have already been captured and are presented herein to demonstrate ELFIN's data analysis methods and potential. These form the basis of on-going studies to resolve the primary mission science objective. Broad energy precipitation events, precipitation bands, and microbursts, clearly seen both at dawn and dusk, extend from tens of keV to >1 MeV. This broad energy range of precipitation indicates that multiple waves are providing scattering concurrently. Many observed events show significant backscattered fluxes, which in the past were hard to resolve by equatorial spacecraft or non-pitch-angle-resolving ionospheric missions. These observations suggest that the ionosphere plays a significant role in modifying magnetospheric electron fluxes and wave-particle interactions. Routine data captures starting in February 2020 and lasting for at least another year, approximately the remainder of the mission lifetime, are expected to provide a very rich dataset to address questions even beyond the primary mission science objective.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Angelopoulos
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - E Tsai
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - L Bingley
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - C Shaffer
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Tyvak Nano-Satellite Systems, Inc., Irvine, CA 92618 USA
| | - D L Turner
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723 USA
| | - A Runov
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - W Li
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Department of Astronomy and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - J Liu
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - A V Artemyev
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - X-J Zhang
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - R J Strangeway
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - R E Wirz
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Y Y Shprits
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, 14473 Germany
| | - V A Sergeev
- Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia
| | - R P Caron
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - M Chung
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723 USA
| | - P Cruce
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - W Greer
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - E Grimes
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - K Hector
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Raytheon Space and Airborne Systems, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - M J Lawson
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - D Leneman
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - E V Masongsong
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - C L Russell
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - C Wilkins
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - D Hinkley
- The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - J B Blake
- The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - N Adair
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Millenium Space Systems, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - M Allen
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - M Anderson
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Aptiv, Agoura Hills, CA 91301 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - M Arreola-Zamora
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - J Artinger
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - J Asher
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723 USA
| | - D Branchevsky
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - M R Capitelli
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Millenium Space Systems, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - R Castro
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Raytheon Space and Airborne Systems, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - G Chao
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: The Boeing Company, Long Beach, CA 90808 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - N Chung
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: SF Motors, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - M Cliffe
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: SpaceX, Hawthorne, CA 90250 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - K Colton
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Planet Labs, Inc., San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - C Costello
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - D Depe
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - B W Domae
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - S Eldin
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - L Fitzgibbon
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Tyvak Nano-Satellite Systems, Inc., Irvine, CA 92618 USA
| | - A Flemming
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - I Fox
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - D M Frederick
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Millenium Space Systems, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - A Gilbert
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - A Gildemeister
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - A Gonzalez
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: SpaceX, Hawthorne, CA 90250 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - B Hesford
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - S Jha
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - N Kang
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Millenium Space Systems, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - J King
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - R Krieger
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Mercedes-Benz Research and Development North America, Long Beach, CA 90810 USA
| | - K Lian
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - J Mao
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Verona, WI 53593 USA
| | - E McKinney
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA 91768 USA
| | - J P Miller
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - A Norris
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - M Nuesca
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - A Palla
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - E S Y Park
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Economics Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - C E Pedersen
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Z Qu
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - R Rozario
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: SpaceX, Hawthorne, CA 90250 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - E Rye
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - R Seaton
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - A Subramanian
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - S R Sundin
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Tyvak Nano-Satellite Systems, Inc., Irvine, CA 92618 USA
| | - A Tan
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Experior Laboratories, Oxnard, CA 93033 USA
| | - W Turner
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - A J Villegas
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - M Wasden
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - G Wing
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - C Wong
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - E Xie
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - S Yamamoto
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - R Yap
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Mathematics Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - A Zarifian
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - G Y Zhang
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Qualcomm, San Diego, CA 92121 USA
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