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Zhu L, Xu Z, Gao Y, Sun N, Qiu L, Zhao J. Highly Sensitive Detection of Tumor Cell-Derived Exosomes Using Solid-State Nanopores Assisted with a Slight Salt Gradient. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:49218-49226. [PMID: 39240779 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c14224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2024]
Abstract
As an important biomarker, tumor cell-derived exosomes have substantial application prospects in early cancer screening and diagnosis. However, the unsatisfactory sensitivity and complicated sample pretreatment processes of conventional detection approaches have limited their use in clinical diagnosis. Nanopore sensors, as a highly sensitive, label-free, single-molecule technology, are widely utilized in molecule and bioparticle detection. Nevertheless, the exosome capture rate through nanopores is extremely low due to the low surface charge densities of exosomes and the effects of electrolyte concentration on their structural stability, thereby reducing the detection throughput. Here, we report an approach to improve the capture rate of exosome translocations using silicon nitride (SiNx) nanopores assisted by a slight salt electrolyte gradient. Improvements in exosome translocation event frequency are assessed in electrolyte solutions with different concentration gradients. In the case of asymmetric electrolytes (cis1× PBS and trans0.2 M NaCl, 1× PBS), the event frequency of tumor cell (HepG2)-derived exosome translocations is enhanced by nearly 2 orders of magnitude while maintaining vesicle structure stability. Furthermore, benefiting from the salt gradient effect, tumor cell (AsPC-1 and HCT116)-derived exosome translocations could be discriminated from those of HepG2 cell-derived exosomes. The developed highly sensitive detection method for tumor cell-derived exosomes at the single-particle level provides an approach for early cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Zhu
- School of Medical Imaging, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xu
- School of Medical Imaging, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Medical Imaging, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Na Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lei Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jinsong Zhao
- School of Medical Imaging, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
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2
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Dong J, Qiu X, Huang M, Chen X, Li Y. G-quadruplex-hemin DNAzyme functionalized nanopipettes: Fabrication and sensing application. Talanta 2023; 257:124384. [PMID: 36812658 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Solid-nanopores/nanopipettes have the exquisite ability to reveal the changes in molecular volume due to the advantages of adjustable size, good rigidity and low noise. Herein, a new platform for sensing application was established based on G-quadruplex-hemin DNAzyme (GQH) functionalized gold-coated nanopipettes. In this method, GQH was immobilized on gold-coated nanopipette, which could be used as a catalyst for the reaction of H2O2 with 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) to promote the conversion of ABTS to ABTS+ ions inside gold-coated nanopipette, and the change of transmembrane ion current could be monitored in real time. At the optimal conditions, there was a correlation between the ion current and the concentration of H2O2 in a certain range, which could be used for the hydrogen peroxide sensing. The GQH immobilized nanopipette provides a useful platform to investigate enzymatic catalysis in confined environment, which can be used in electrocatalysis, sensing and fundamental electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China
| | - Xia Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China
| | - Mimi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China
| | - Xiaohu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China
| | - Yongxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China.
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3
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Dynamics of DNA Through Solid‐state Nanopores Fabricated by Controlled Dielectric Breakdown. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200888. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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4
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Singh A, Maity A, Singh N. Structure and Dynamics of dsDNA in Cell-like Environments. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 24:1587. [PMID: 36359677 PMCID: PMC9689892 DOI: 10.3390/e24111587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a fundamental biomolecule for correct cellular functioning and regulation of biological processes. DNA's structure is dynamic and has the ability to adopt a variety of structural conformations in addition to its most widely known double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) helix structure. Stability and structural dynamics of dsDNA play an important role in molecular biology. In vivo, DNA molecules are folded in a tightly confined space, such as a cell chamber or a channel, and are highly dense in solution; their conformational properties are restricted, which affects their thermodynamics and mechanical properties. There are also many technical medical purposes for which DNA is placed in a confined space, such as gene therapy, DNA encapsulation, DNA mapping, etc. Physiological conditions and the nature of confined spaces have a significant influence on the opening or denaturation of DNA base pairs. In this review, we summarize the progress of research on the stability and dynamics of dsDNA in cell-like environments and discuss current challenges and future directions. We include studies on various thermal and mechanical properties of dsDNA in ionic solutions, molecular crowded environments, and confined spaces. By providing a better understanding of melting and unzipping of dsDNA in different environments, this review provides valuable guidelines for predicting DNA thermodynamic quantities and for designing DNA/RNA nanostructures.
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Cao M, Wang H, Tang H, Zhao D, Li Y. Enzyme-Encapsulated Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks Formed Inside the Single Glass Nanopore: Catalytic Performance and Sensing Application. Anal Chem 2021; 93:12257-12264. [PMID: 34459201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can improve the stability and activity of enzymes under the MOF encapsulation. However, it remains a challenge to explore the effects of the MOF environment on enzymatic activity in a confined space. In this work, we immobilized the enzyme inside a glass nanopore to study the catalytic activity and stability of the enzyme in the MOF environment. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is encapsulated in zeolitic imidazolate framework-90 (ZIF-90) and zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), which are used as the catalytic platforms. The HRP can catalyze 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt (ABTS) molecules to generate ABTS+ ions, and the change of the transmembrane ion current will be monitored in real time. As the concentration of H2O2 increases, the amount of produced ABTS+ will increase; thus, the ionic current increases. The effects of the MOF structure on enzyme activity and stability are also investigated. The HRP encapsulated in the MOF and modified inside the nanopore provides a novel and unlabeled design for studying enzymatic catalysis in a confined environment, which should have extensive applications in chemical-/bio-sensing, electrocatalysis, and fundamental electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengya Cao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Tang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University Linyi Shandong 276005 China
| | - Yaxian Ge
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University Linyi Shandong 276005 China
| | - Xiao Zhuge
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University Linyi Shandong 276005 China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University Linyi Shandong 276005 China
| | - Dongmei Xi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University Linyi Shandong 276005 China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University Linyi Shandong 276005 China
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Cheng J, Jiang F, Zhang S. A nanofluidic device for ultrasensitive and label-free detection of tetracycline in association with γ-cyclodextrin and GO. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:1832-1838. [PMID: 33885639 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01868f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an ultrasensitive and selective nanofluidic device for tetracycline (TC) was developed in association with γ-cyclodextrin and graphene oxide (GO). The assay was designed based on the change of the nanochannel surface charge due to the selective recognition ability of GO between aptamers and TC-aptamer complexes. And γ-cyclodextrin was utilized to eliminate the excess TC since the amine group molecules were inclined to be adsorbed onto the nanochannel surface and affected the adsorption efficiency of the nanochannel. In the presence of TC, TC specifically binded to the aptamer to form TC-aptamer and was separated from GO. The TC-aptamer complexes could be quantitated with conical nanochannels coated with polyethyleneimine (PEI)/Zr4+. The redundant TC was removed by γ-cyclodextrin. The detection limit of the nanofluidic device was as low as 2 ng L-1 (S/N = 3) and the linear range was 10 ng L-1 to 10 μg L-1. Moreover, the nanofluidic device provided high specificity and good recovery rates of 94.8-109.3% in natural river, tapwater and wastewater samples. The results revealed that our study provided a new rapid detection method for trace contaminant analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Cheng
- School of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, 318000, China
| | - Fenghua Jiang
- School of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, 318000, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, 318000, China.
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8
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Zhu L, Zhang Z, Liu Q. Deformation-Mediated Translocation of DNA Origami Nanoplates through a Narrow Solid-State Nanopore. Anal Chem 2020; 92:13238-13245. [PMID: 32872775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
With the development in DNA self-assembly technology, DNA origami nanostructures have been widely applied in biomedical research. Solid-state nanopores represent an emerging single-molecule sensing platform for studying nanostructures with arbitrary dimensions and physical characteristics, including DNA origami. Here, we employed relatively narrow silicon nitride nanopores to detect the deformation and translocation of DNA origami nanoplates with dimensions of approximately 60 × 54 nm. We performed translocation experiments using three nanopore diameters that are all smaller than the plat dimensions. Analysis of current blockade signals and the representative events reveals three types of translocation orientations for the nanoplates. Furthermore, by studying the electrical signal characteristics (current change and dwell time) for the different diameter pores, we obtained information about the translocation behaviors for the DNA nanoplates through different constrictions. Our investigation provides an approach to analyze the deformation and translocation of DNA origami structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, No. 2, Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, No. 2, Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Quanjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, No. 2, Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China
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9
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Zhao D, Tang H, Wang H, Yang C, Li Y. Analytes Triggered Conformational Switch of i-Motif DNA inside Gold-Decorated Solid-State Nanopores. ACS Sens 2020; 5:2177-2183. [PMID: 32588619 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The nanopore-based technique is a useful tool for single-molecule sensing and characterization. In this work, we have developed a new DNA-functionalized gold-modified nanopore, and analytes can induce the conformational switch of i-motif DNA formed on the inner surface of the nanopore. i-Motif DNA structure can be formed in the presence of silver ions (Ag+), which will result in the change in surface charge and structure of the nanopore tip and ion current rectification (ICR) ratio. The i-motif DNA structure on nanopore surface will be destroyed after the addition of glutathione (GSH) due to the strong interaction of Ag-S bond, which results in the recovery of surface charge, steric hindrance, and ICR ratio. This analyte-triggered conformational switch of i-motif DNA can help us deeply understand the DNA technology inside single nanopore and will benefit the possible applications in an ultrasensitive detection and biological/chemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Tang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
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10
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Tang H, Wang H, Yang C, Zhao D, Qian Y, Li Y. Nanopore-based Strategy for Selective Detection of Single Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Molecules. Anal Chem 2020; 92:3042-3049. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Tang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Qian
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P.R. China
| | - Yongxin Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P.R. China
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11
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Li Q, Ying YL, Hu YX, Liu SC, Long YT. Monitoring nanobubble nucleation at early-stage within a sub-9 nm solid-state nanopore. Electrophoresis 2019; 41:959-965. [PMID: 31652002 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nanobubble nucleation study is important for understanding the dynamic behavior of nanobubble growth, which is instructive for the nanobubble applications. Benefiting from nanopore fabrication, herein, we fabricated a sub-9 nm SiNX nanopore with the comparable size to nanobubbles at early-stage. The confined nanopore interface serves as a generator for producing nanobubbles by the chemical reaction between NaBH4 and H2 O and as an ultra-sensitive sensor for monitoring the H2 nanobubble nucleation process. By carrying out the NaBH4 concentration-dependent experiments, we found the life-time of nanobubbles decreased 250 times and the frequency of nanobubble generation increased 38 times with the NaBH4 concentration increasing from 6 to 100 mM. The long-time equilibrium between gas molecules inward flux and outward flux could prolong the life-time of nanobubbles to hundreds of milliseconds at low NaBH4 concentration. The raw current trace depicted that the transient accumulation and dissolution of cavity occurred during all the life-time of nanobubbles. Therefore, the sub-9 nm SiNX nanopore shows a strong ability for real-time monitoring the nanobubble nucleation at early-stage with high temporal and spatial resolution. This work provides a guide to study the dynamic and stochastic characteristics of nanobubbles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Lun Ying
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Xu Hu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Chuang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China
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12
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Gao R, Lin Y, Ying YL, Long YT. Nanopore-based sensing interface for single molecule electrochemistry. Sci China Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-019-9509-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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13
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Asandei A, Mereuta L, Park J, Seo CH, Park Y, Luchian T. Nonfunctionalized PNAs as Beacons for Nucleic Acid Detection in a Nanopore System. ACS Sens 2019; 4:1502-1507. [PMID: 31119934 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this work, single-channel current recordings were used to selectively detect individual ssDNA strands in the vestibule of the α-hemolysin (α-HL) protein nanopore. The sensing mechanism was based on the detection of the intrinsic topological change of target ssDNA molecules after the hybridization with complementary PNA fragments. The readily distinguishable current signatures of PNA-DNA duplexes reversible association with the α-HL's vestibule, in terms of blockade amplitudes and kinetic features, allows specific detection of nucleic acid hybridization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jonggwan Park
- Department of Bioinformatics, Kongju National University, Kongju, South Korea, 32588
| | - Chang Ho Seo
- Department of Bioinformatics, Kongju National University, Kongju, South Korea, 32588
| | - Yoonkyung Park
- Department of Department of Biomedical Science and Research Center for Proteinaceous Materials (RCPM), Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea, 61452
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14
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Mereuta L, Asandei A, Schiopu I, Park Y, Luchian T. Nanopore-Assisted, Sequence-Specific Detection, and Single-Molecule Hybridization Analysis of Short, Single-Stranded DNAs. Anal Chem 2019; 91:8630-8637. [PMID: 31194518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We report here on the ability of the α-hemolysin (α-HL) nanopore to achieve label-free, selective, and real-time detection of 15 nt long ssDNA fragments in solution, by exploiting their hybridization with freely added, polycationic peptides-functionalized PNAs. At the core of our work lies the paradigm that when PNAs and ssDNA are mixed together, the bulk concentration of free PNA decreases, depending upon the (mis)match degree between complementary strands and their relative concentrations. We demonstrate that the ssDNA sensing principle and throughput of the method are determined by the rate at which nonhybridized, polycationic peptides-functionalized PNA molecules arrive at the α-HL's vestibule entrance and thread into the nanopore. We found that with the application of a 30-fold salt gradient across the nanopore, the method enhances single-molecule detection sensitivity in the nanomolar range of ssDNA concentrations. This study demonstrates that the transmembrane potential-dependent unzip of single PNA-DNA duplexes at the α-HL's β-barrel entry permits discrimination between sequences that differ by one base pair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yoonkyung Park
- Department of Department of Biomedical Science and Research Center for Proteinaceous Materials (RCPM) , Chosun University , Gwangju 61452 , Republic of Korea
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15
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Wang H, Tang H, Yang C, Li Y. Selective Single Molecule Nanopore Sensing of microRNA Using PNA Functionalized Magnetic Core-Shell Fe 3O 4-Au Nanoparticles. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7965-7970. [PMID: 31132236 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state nanopores have been employed as useful tools for single molecule analysis due to their advantages of easy fabrication and controllable diameter, but selectivity is always a big concern for complicated samples. In this work, functionalized magnetic core-shell Fe3O4-Au nanoparticles, which acted as a molecular carrier, were introduced into nanopore electrochemical system for microRNA sensing in complicated samples with high sensitivity, selectivity and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This strategy is based on the specific affinity between neutral peptide nucleic acids (PNA)-modified Fe3O4-Au nanoparticles and negative miRNA, and the formation of negative Fe3O4-Au-PNA-miRNA complex, which can pass through the nanopore by application of a positive potential and eliminate neutral Fe3O4-Au-PNA complex. To detect miRNA in complicated samples, a magnet has been used to separate Fe3O4-Au-PNA-miRNA complex with good selectivity. We think this is a facile and effective method for the detection of different targets at single molecular level, including nucleic acids, proteins, and other small molecules, which will open up a new approach in the nanopore sensing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Anhui Normal University , Wuhu 241000 , P. R. China
| | - Haoran Tang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Anhui Normal University , Wuhu 241000 , P. R. China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Anhui Normal University , Wuhu 241000 , P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Anhui Normal University , Wuhu 241000 , P. R. China
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16
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Li Q, Ying YL, Liu SC, Lin Y, Long YT. Detection of Single Proteins with a General Nanopore Sensor. ACS Sens 2019; 4:1185-1189. [PMID: 30860364 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Single protein sensing based on solid-state nanopores is promising but challenging, because the fast translocation velocity of a protein is beyond the bandwidth of nanopore instruments. To decelerate the translocation speed, here, we employed a common protein cross-link interaction to achieve a general and robust nanopore sensing platform for single-molecule detection of protein. Benefiting from the EDC/NHS coupling interaction between nanopore and proteins, a 10-fold decrease in speed has been achieved. The clearly distinguishable current signatures further reveal that the anisotropic translocation of a protein, which are horizontal, vertical, and flipping transit inside nanopore confinement. This strategy provides a general platform for rapid detection of proteins as well as exploring fundamental protein dynamics at the single-molecule level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Lun Ying
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Chuang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yao Lin
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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17
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Liu S, Li Q, Ying Y, Long Y. Detection of structured single‐strand DNA via solid‐state nanopore. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:2112-2116. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shao‐Chuang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Qiao Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yi‐Lun Ying
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yi‐Tao Long
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing P. R. China
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18
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Si W, Zhang Y, Wu G, Kan Y, Zhang Y, Sha J, Chen Y. Discrimination of Protein Amino Acid or Its Protonated State at Single-Residue Resolution by Graphene Nanopores. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900036. [PMID: 30848871 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The function of a protein is determined by the composition of amino acids and is essential to proteomics. However, protein sequencing remains challenging due to the protein's irregular charge state and its high-order structure. Here, a proof of principle study on the capability of protein sequencing by graphene nanopores integrated with atomic force microscopy is performed using molecular dynamics simulations. It is found that nanopores can discriminate a protein sequence and even its protonation state at single-residue resolution. Both the pulling forces and current blockades induced by the permeation of protein residues are found to be highly correlated with the type of amino acids, which makes the residues identifiable. It is also found that aside from the dimension, both the conformation and charge state of the residue can significantly influence the force and current signal during its permeation through the nanopore. In particular, due to the electro-osmotic flow effect, the blockade current for the double-protonated histidine is slightly smaller than that for single-protonated histidine, which makes it possible for discrimination of different protonation states of amino acids. The results reported here present a novel protein sequencing scheme using graphene nanopores combined with nanomanipulation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Si
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Gensheng Wu
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yajing Kan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Jingjie Sha
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yunfei Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
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19
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Si W, Yang H, Sha J, Zhang Y, Chen Y. Discrimination of single-stranded DNA homopolymers by sieving out G-quadruplex using tiny solid-state nanopores. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:2117-2124. [PMID: 30779188 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanopore sensor has been developed as a promising technology for DNA sequencing at the single-base resolution. However, the discrimination of homopolymers composed of guanines from other nucleotides has not been clearly revealed due to the easily formed G-quadruplex in aqueous buffers. In this work, we report that a tiny silicon nitride nanopore was used to sieve out G tetramers to make sure only homopolymers composed of guanines could translocate through the nanopore, then the 20-nucleotide long ssDNA homopolymers could be identified and differentiated. It is found that the size of the nucleotide plays a major role in affecting the current blockade as well as the dwell time while DNA is translocating through the nanopore. By the comparison of translocation behavior of ssDNA homopolymers composed of nucleotides with different volumes, it is found that smaller nucleotides can lead to higher translocation speed and lower current blockage, which is also found and validated for the 105-nucleotide long homopolymers. The studies performed in this work will improve our understanding of nanopore-based DNA sequencing at single-base level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Si
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Haojie Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Jingjie Sha
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yin Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yunfei Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
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20
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Luan B, Zhou R. Atomic-Scale Fluidic Diodes Based on Triangular Nanopores in Bilayer Hexagonal Boron Nitride. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:977-982. [PMID: 30628792 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanofluidic diodes based on nanochannels have been studied theoretically and experimentally for applications such as biosensors and logic gates. However, when analyzing attoliter-scale samples or enabling high-density integration of lab-on-a-chip devices, it is beneficial to miniaturize the size of a nanofluidic channel. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate conductance of nanopores in bilayer hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). Remarkably, we found that triangular nanopores possess excellent rectifications of ionic currents while hexagonal ones do not. It is worth highlighting that the pore length is only about 0.7 nm, which is about the atomic limit for a bipolar diode. We determined scaling relations between ionic currents I and pore sizes L for small nanopores, that are I ∼ L1 in a forward biasing voltage and I ∼ L2 in a reverse biasing voltage. Simulation results qualitatively agree with analytical ones derived from the one-dimensional Poisson-Nerst-Planck equations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binquan Luan
- Computational Biological Center , IBM Thomas J. Watson Research , Yorktown Heights , New York 10598 , United States
| | - Ruhong Zhou
- Computational Biological Center , IBM Thomas J. Watson Research , Yorktown Heights , New York 10598 , United States
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21
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Conical nanofluidic channel for selective quantitation of melamine in combination with β-cyclodextrin and a single-walled carbon nanotube. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 127:200-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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22
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Wang J, Yang J, Ying YL, Long YT. Nanopore-Based Confined Spaces for Single-Molecular Analysis. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:389-397. [PMID: 30548206 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The field of nanopore sensing at the single-molecular level is in a "boom" period. Such nanopores, which are either composed of biological materials or are fabricated from solid-state substrates, offer a unique confined space that is compatible with the single-molecular scale. Under the influence of an electrical field, such single-biomolecular interfaces can read single-molecular information and, if appropriately fine-tuned, each molecule plays its individual ionic rhythm to compose a "molecular symphony". Over the past few decades, many research groups have worked on nanopore-based single-molecular sensors for a range of thrilling chemical and clinical applications. Furthermore, for the past decade, we have also focused on nanopore-based sensors. In this Minireview, we summarize the recent developments in fundamental research and applications in this area, along with data algorithms and advances in hardware, which act as infrastructure for the electrochemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Lun Ying
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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23
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Yamazaki H, Hu R, Zhao Q, Wanunu M. Photothermally Assisted Thinning of Silicon Nitride Membranes for Ultrathin Asymmetric Nanopores. ACS NANO 2018; 12:12472-12481. [PMID: 30457833 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b06805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Sculpting solid-state materials at the nanoscale is an important step in the manufacturing of numerous types of sensor devices, in particular solid-state nanopore sensors. Here we present mechanistic insight into laser-induced thinning of low-stress silicon nitride (SiN x) membranes and films. In a recent study, we observed that focusing a visible wavelength laser beam on a SiN x membrane results in efficient localized heating, and we used this effect to control temperature at a solid-state nanopore sensor. A side-effect of the observed heating was that the pores expand/degrade under prolonged high-power illumination, prompting us to study the mechanism of this etching process. We find that SiN x can be etched under exposure to light of ∼107 W/cm2 average intensity, with etch rates that are influenced by the supporting electrolyte. Combining this controlled etching with dielectric breakdown, an electrokinetic process for making pores, nanopores of arbitrary dimensions as small as 1-2 nm in diameter and thickness can easily be fabricated. Evidence gathered from biomolecule-pore interactions suggests that the pore geometries obtained using this method are more funnel-like, rather than hourglass-shaped. Refined control over pore dimensions can expand the range of applications of solid-state nanopores, for example, biopolymer sequencing and detection of specific biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Yamazaki
- Department of Physics , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Rui Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , People's Republic of China
| | - Meni Wanunu
- Department of Physics , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
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24
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Li X, Zhang T, Gao P, Wei B, Jia Y, Cheng Y, Lou X, Xia F. Integrated Solid-State Nanopore Electrochemistry Array for Sensitive, Specific, and Label-Free Biodetection. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:14787-14795. [PMID: 30130405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanopore ionic current measurement is currently a prevailing readout and offers considerable opportunities for bioassays. Extending conventional electrochemistry to nanoscale space, albeit noteworthy, remains challenging. Here, we report a versatile electrochemistry array established on a nanofluidic platform by controllably depositing gold layers on the two outer sides of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanopores, leading to form an electrochemical microdevice capable of performing amperometry in a label-free manner. Electroactive species ferricyanide ions passing through gold-decorated nanopores act as electrochemical indicator to generate electrolytic current signal. The electroactive species flux that dominates current signal response is closely related to the nanopore permeability. Such well-characteristic electrolytic current-species flux correlation lays a premise for quantitative electrochemical analysis. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we preliminarily verify the analytical utility by detection of nucleic acid and protein at picomolar concentration levels. Universal surface modification and molecule assembly, specific target recognition and reliable signal output in nanopore enable direct electrochemical detection of biomolecules without the need of cumbersome probe labeling and signal amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchun Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 1037 Luoyu Road , Wuhan 430074 , People's Republic of China
- Pharmacuetical Analysis Division, School of Pharmacy , Guangxi Medical University , 22 Shuangyong Road , Nanning 530021 , People's Republic of China
| | - Tianchi Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 1037 Luoyu Road , Wuhan 430074 , People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry , China University of Geosciences , 388 Lumo Road , Wuhan 430074 , People's Republic of China
| | - Benmei Wei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 1037 Luoyu Road , Wuhan 430074 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmei Jia
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 1037 Luoyu Road , Wuhan 430074 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Cheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 1037 Luoyu Road , Wuhan 430074 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoding Lou
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry , China University of Geosciences , 388 Lumo Road , Wuhan 430074 , People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Xia
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 1037 Luoyu Road , Wuhan 430074 , People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry , China University of Geosciences , 388 Lumo Road , Wuhan 430074 , People's Republic of China
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25
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Wen C, Zeng S, Zhang Z, Zhang SL. Group Behavior of Nanoparticles Translocating Multiple Nanopores. Anal Chem 2018; 90:13483-13490. [PMID: 30372031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanopores have been implemented as nanosensors for DNA sequencing, biomolecule inspection, chemical analysis, nanoparticle detection, etc. For high-throughput and parallelized measurement using nanopore arrays, individual addressability has been a crucial technological solution in order to enable scrutiny of signals generated at each and every nanopore. Here, an alternative pathway of employing arrayed nanopores to perform sensor functions is investigated by examining the group behavior of nanoparticles translocating multiple nanopores. As no individual addressability is required, fabrication of nanopore devices along with microfluidic cells and readout circuits can be greatly simplified. Experimentally, arrays of less than 10 pores are shown to be capable of analyzing translocating nanoparticles with a good signal-to-noise margin. According to theoretical predictions, more pores (than 10) per array can perform high-fidelity analysis if the noise level of the measurement system can be better controlled. More pores per array would also allow for faster measurement at lower concentration because of larger capture cross sections for target nanoparticles. By experimentally varying the number of pores, the concentration of nanoparticles, or the applied bias voltage across the nanopores, we have identified the basic characteristics of this multievent process. By characterizing average pore current and associated standard deviation during translocation and by performing physical modeling and extensive numerical simulations, we have shown the possibility of determining the size and concentration of two kinds of translocating nanoparticles over 4 orders of magnitude in concentration. Hence, we have demonstrated the potential and versatility of the multiple-nanopore approach for high-throughput nanoparticle detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Wen
- Division of Solid-State Electronics, The Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , SE-751 21 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Shuangshuang Zeng
- Division of Solid-State Electronics, The Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , SE-751 21 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Division of Solid-State Electronics, The Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , SE-751 21 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Shi-Li Zhang
- Division of Solid-State Electronics, The Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , SE-751 21 Uppsala , Sweden
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26
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Si W, Zhang Y, Sha J, Chen Y. Controllable and reversible DNA translocation through a single-layer molybdenum disulfide nanopore. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:19450-19458. [PMID: 30311618 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr05830j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A challenge that remains to be solved in the high-throughput and low-cost nanopore DNA sequencing is that DNA translocates through the nanopore too quickly to be sequenced with enough accuracy. Here, we present a proof of principle study of slowing down DNA translocation across the molybdenum disulfide nanopore and even reversing its translocation direction by adjusting the proportion of molybdenum atoms to sulfur atoms at the nanopore boundary. When the proportion is smaller than 0.17, the electro-osmotic flow moves in the opposite direction to the electric force exerted on the DNA molecule and the more sulfur atoms at the nanopore boundary, the stronger the electro-osmotic flow is. For the nanopore with the proportion equal to 0.17, the electro-osmotic force exerted on DNA is smaller than the electrophoretic force, DNA can be captured and its translocation speed was found to be almost three times smaller than the speed through nanopores with the proportion larger than 0.27. However, for nanopores with the proportion smaller than 0.08, DNA would even be pushed away and prevented from entering the nanopore so that its translocation direction would be reversed. The theoretical study performed here provides a new means for controlling DNA transport dynamics in both translocation velocity and direction, which would facilitate better and cheaper nanopore DNA sequencing in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Si
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
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27
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Zhang Y, Liu X, Zhao Y, Yu JK, Reisner W, Dunbar WB. Single Molecule DNA Resensing Using a Two-Pore Device. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1801890. [PMID: 30334362 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201801890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A nanofluidic device is presented that, enables independent sensing and resensing of a single DNA molecule translocating through two nanopores with sub-micrometer spacing. The device concept is based upon integrating a thin nitride membrane with microchannels etched in borosilicate glass. Pores, coupled to each microchannel, are connected via a fluid-filled half-space on the device backside, enabling translocation of molecules across each pore in sequence. Critically, this approach allows for independent application of control voltage and measurement of trans-pore ionic current at each of the two pores, leading to 1) controlled assessment of molecular time of flight, 2) voltage-tuned selective molecule recapture, and 3) ability to acquire two correlated translocation signatures for each molecule analyzed. Finally, the rare cocapture of a single chain threading simultaneously through each of the two pores is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Zhang
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - Xu Liu
- Two Pore Guys, Inc., 2155 Delaware Ave #225, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Two Pore Guys, Inc., 2155 Delaware Ave #225, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
| | - Jen-Kan Yu
- Two Pore Guys, Inc., 2155 Delaware Ave #225, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
| | - Walter Reisner
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - William B Dunbar
- Two Pore Guys, Inc., 2155 Delaware Ave #225, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
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28
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Neves MMPDS, Martín-Yerga D. Advanced Nanoscale Approaches to Single-(Bio)entity Sensing and Imaging. BIOSENSORS 2018; 8:E100. [PMID: 30373209 PMCID: PMC6316691 DOI: 10.3390/bios8040100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Individual (bio)chemical entities could show a very heterogeneous behaviour under the same conditions that could be relevant in many biological processes of significance in the life sciences. Conventional detection approaches are only able to detect the average response of an ensemble of entities and assume that all entities are identical. From this perspective, important information about the heterogeneities or rare (stochastic) events happening in individual entities would remain unseen. Some nanoscale tools present interesting physicochemical properties that enable the possibility to detect systems at the single-entity level, acquiring richer information than conventional methods. In this review, we introduce the foundations and the latest advances of several nanoscale approaches to sensing and imaging individual (bio)entities using nanoprobes, nanopores, nanoimpacts, nanoplasmonics and nanomachines. Several (bio)entities such as cells, proteins, nucleic acids, vesicles and viruses are specifically considered. These nanoscale approaches provide a wide and complete toolbox for the study of many biological systems at the single-entity level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Martín-Yerga
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100-44 Stockholm, Sweden.
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29
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Roman J, Français O, Jarroux N, Patriarche G, Pelta J, Bacri L, Le Pioufle B. Solid-State Nanopore Easy Chip Integration in a Cheap and Reusable Microfluidic Device for Ion Transport and Polymer Conformation Sensing. ACS Sens 2018; 3:2129-2137. [PMID: 30284814 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state nanopores have a huge potential in upcoming societal challenging applications in biotechnologies, environment, health, and energy. Nowadays, these sensors are often used within bulky fluidic devices that can cause cross-contaminations and risky nanopore chips manipulations, leading to a short experimental lifetime. We describe the easy, fast, and cheap innovative 3D-printer-helped protocol to manufacture a microfluidic device permitting the reversible integration of a silicon based chip containing a single nanopore. We show the relevance of the shape of the obtained channels thanks to finite elements simulations. We use this device to thoroughly investigate the ionic transport through the solid-state nanopore as a function of applied voltage, salt nature, and concentration. Furthermore, its reliability is proved through the characterization of a polymer-based model of protein-urea interactions on the nanometric scale thanks to a hairy nanopore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Roman
- ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d’Alembert, SATIE, Université Paris-Saclay, Cachan F-94230, France
- LAMBE, Université Evry, CNRS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry F-91025, France
| | - Olivier Français
- ESIEE-Paris, ESYCOM, Université Paris Est, Noisy-Le-Grand F-93160, France
| | - Nathalie Jarroux
- LAMBE, Université Evry, CNRS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry F-91025, France
| | - Gilles Patriarche
- C2N, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, C2N-Marcoussis, Marcoussis F-91460, France
| | - Juan Pelta
- LAMBE, Université Evry, CNRS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry F-91025, France
| | - Laurent Bacri
- LAMBE, Université Evry, CNRS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry F-91025, France
| | - Bruno Le Pioufle
- ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d’Alembert, SATIE, Université Paris-Saclay, Cachan F-94230, France
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30
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Chae H, Kwak DK, Lee MK, Chi SW, Kim KB. Solid-state nanopore analysis on conformation change of p53TAD-MDM2 fusion protein induced by protein-protein interaction. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:17227-17235. [PMID: 30191243 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr06423g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are emerging therapeutic targets for human diseases, development of high-throughput screening (HTS) technologies against PPI targets remains challenging. In this study, we propose a protein complex structure to effectively detect conformational changes of protein resulting from PPI using solid-state nanopore for a novel, widely-applicable drug screening method against various PPI targets. To effectively detect conformational changes resulting from PPI, we designed a fusion protein MLP (MDM2-linker-p53TAD), where p53TAD and MDM2 are connected by a 16 amino acid linker. The globular conformation of MLP exhibited a single-peak translocation event, whereas the dumbbell-like conformation of nutlin-3-bound MLP revealed as a double-peak signal. The proportion of double-peak to single-peak signals increased from 9.3% to 23.0% as nutlin-3 concentration increased. The translocation kinetics of the two different MLP conformations with varied applied voltage were analyzed. Further, the fractional current of the intra-peak of the double-peak signal was analyzed, probing the structure of our designed protein complex. This approach of nanopore sensing may be extendedly employed in screening of PPI inhibitors and protein conformation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsik Chae
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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31
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Lin Y, Ying YL, Gao R, Long YT. Single-Molecule Sensing with Nanopore Confinement: From Chemical Reactions to Biological Interactions. Chemistry 2018; 24:13064-13071. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lin
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of, Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Yi-Lun Ying
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of, Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Rui Gao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of, Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of, Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
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32
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Ma Y, Guo J, Jia L, Xie Y. Entrance Effects Induced Rectified Ionic Transport in a Nanopore/Channel. ACS Sens 2018; 3:167-173. [PMID: 29235863 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The nanofluidic diode, as one of the emerging nanofluidic logic devices, has been used in many fields such as biosensors, energy harvesting, and so on. However, the entrance effects of the nanofluidic ionic conductance were less discussed, which can be a crucial factor for the ionic conduction. Here we calculate the ionic conductance as a function of the length-to-pore ratio (L/r), which has a clear boundary between nanopore (surface dominated) and nanochannel (geometry dominated) electrically in diluted salt solution. These entrance effects are even more obvious in the rectified ionic conduction with oppositely charged exterior surfaces of a nanopore. We build three models-Exterior Charged Surface model (ECS), Inner Charged Surface model (ICS), and All Charged Surface model (ACS)-to discuss the entrance effects on the ionic conduction. Our results demonstrate, for a thin nanopore, that the ECS model has a larger ionic rectification factor (Q) than that of ICS model, with a totally reversed tendency of Q compared to the ICS and ACS models as L/r increases. Our models predict an alternative option of building nanofluidic biosensors that only need to modify the exterior surface of a nanopore, avoiding the slow diffusion of molecules in the nanochannel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- Joint
Lab of Nanofluidics and Interfaces, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, China
- Key
Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710100, China
| | - Jinxiu Guo
- Joint
Lab of Nanofluidics and Interfaces, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, China
- Key
Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710100, China
| | - Laibing Jia
- School
of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710100, China
| | - Yanbo Xie
- Joint
Lab of Nanofluidics and Interfaces, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, China
- Key
Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710100, China
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Balme S, Picaud F, Lepoitevin M, Bechelany M, Balanzat E, Janot JM. Unexpected ionic transport behavior in hydrophobic and uncharged conical nanopores. Faraday Discuss 2018; 210:69-85. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fd00008e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated ionic transport behavior in the case of uncharged conical nanopores. We observed unexpected ionic transport behaviour, which is attributed to a predominant effect of slippage due to water organization at the solid/liquid interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Balme
- Institut Européen des Membranes
- IEM – UMR 5635
- ENSCM
- CNRS
- Univ. Montpellier
| | - Fabien Picaud
- Laboratoire de Nanomédecine
- Imagerie et Thérapeutique, EA 4662
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon
- 25030 Besançon cedex
| | | | - Mikhael Bechelany
- Institut Européen des Membranes
- IEM – UMR 5635
- ENSCM
- CNRS
- Univ. Montpellier
| | - Emmanuel Balanzat
- Centre de recherche sur les Ions
- les Matériaux et la Photonique
- UMR6252 CEA-CNRS-ENSICAEN
- France
| | - Jean-Marc Janot
- Institut Européen des Membranes
- IEM – UMR 5635
- ENSCM
- CNRS
- Univ. Montpellier
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YANG J, LI S, WU XY, LONG YT. Development of Biological Nanopore Technique in Non-gene Sequencing Application. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(17)61053-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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35
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36
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Ying YL, Ding Z, Zhan D, Long YT. Advanced electroanalytical chemistry at nanoelectrodes. Chem Sci 2017; 8:3338-3348. [PMID: 28507703 PMCID: PMC5416909 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00433h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoelectrodes, with dimensions below 100 nm, have the advantages of high sensitivity and high spatial resolution. These electrodes have attracted increasing attention in various fields such as single cell analysis, single-molecule detection, single particle characterization and high-resolution imaging. The rapid growth of novel nanoelectrodes and nanoelectrochemical methods brings enormous new opportunities in the field. In this perspective, we discuss the challenges, advances, and opportunities for nanoelectrode fabrication, real-time characterizations and high-performance electrochemical instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lun Ying
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , 200237 , P. R. China .
| | - Zhifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry , University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street , London , ON N6A 5B7 , Canada
| | - Dongping Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces , Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) , Department of Chemistry , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen , 361005 , P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , 200237 , P. R. China .
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37
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Lin Y, Ying YL, Shi X, Liu SC, Long YT. Direct sensing of cancer biomarkers in clinical samples with a designed nanopore. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:11564-11567. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc06775e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We introduce a designed nanopore sensor with highly selective DNA probe and an integrated nanofiltration membrane to achieve the direct sensing and quantification of cancer biomarkers in serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lin
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Yi-Lun Ying
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Xin Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Shao-Chuang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
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