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Pérez ME, Durantini JE, Martínez SR, Durantini AM, Milanesio ME, Durantini EN. Porphyrin-BODIPY Dyad: Enhancing Photodynamic Inactivation via Antenna Effect. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202400138. [PMID: 38478375 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
A porphyrin-BODIPY dyad (P-BDP) was obtained through covalent bonding, featuring a two-segment design comprising a light-harvesting antenna system connected to an energy acceptor unit. The absorption spectrum of P-BDP resulted from an overlap of the individual spectra of its constituent parts, with the fluorescence emission of the BODIPY unit experiencing significant quenching (96 %) due to the presence of the porphyrin unit. Spectroscopic, computational, and redox investigations revealed a competition between photoinduced energy and electron transfer processes. The dyad demonstrated the capability to sensitize both singlet molecular oxygen and superoxide radical anions. Additionally, P-BDP effectively induced the photooxidation of L-tryptophan. In suspensions of Staphylococcus aureus cells, the dyad led to a reduction of over 3.5 log (99.99 %) in cell survival following 30 min of irradiation with green light. Photodynamic inactivation caused by P-BDP was also extended to the individual bacterium level, focusing on bacterial cells adhered to a surface. This dyad successfully achieved the total elimination of the bacteria upon 20 min of irradiation. Therefore, P-BDP presents an interesting photosensitizing structure that takes advantage of the light-harvesting antenna properties of the BODIPY unit combined with porphyrin, offering potential to enhance photoinactivation of bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- María E Pérez
- IDAS-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36 Km 601, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Javier E Durantini
- IITEMA-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36 Km 601, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sol R Martínez
- IITEMA-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36 Km 601, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Andrés M Durantini
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Illinois, 62026, United States
| | - María E Milanesio
- IDAS-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36 Km 601, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Edgardo N Durantini
- IDAS-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36 Km 601, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
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Veys K, Escudero D. Anti-Kasha Fluorescence in Molecular Entities: Central Role of Electron-Vibrational Coupling. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:2698-2707. [PMID: 36048561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
According to Kasha's rule, the emission of a photon in a molecular system always comes from the lowest excited state. A corollary of this rule (i.e., the Kasha-Vavilov rule) states that the emission spectra are independent of the excitation wavelength. Although these rules apply for most of the molecular systems, violations of these rules are often reported. The prototypical case of a Kasha's rule violation is the fluorescence observed from S2 in azulene. Thanks to the advances in both theoretical and experimental research, other types of anomalous fluorescence (e.g., excitation energy transfer (EET)-based dual emissions, thermally activated fluorescence, etc.) are more recurrently reported in the literature. Sometimes, these anomalous processes involve higher-lying excited states but are mechanistically different from the azulene-like anomalous fluorescence. However, the underlying mechanisms leading to these anomalous emissions can be numerous and are not yet well understood.In order to shed some light on the above phenomena, this Account provides a comprehensive review of this topic. We herein report quantum chemical investigations in target molecular systems breaking Kasha's rule. The latter molecules were chosen because they were unambiguously reported to display anti-Kasha fluorescence. Our studies highlight three different types of anti-Kasha scenarios. Specifically, (i) the strong electronic, weak vibrational nonadiabatic coupling (NAC) regime (here named the type I case, i.e., azulene-like); (ii) the strong electronic, strong vibrational NAC regime (type II case, i.e., thermally activated S2 fluorescence); and the (iii) very weak electronic NAC regime (type III case, i.e., EET dyads). In addition, by combining state-of-the-art quantum chemical calculations with excited-state decay rate theories and appropriate excited-state kinetic models, we provide semiquantitative estimations of photoluminescence quantum yields for the most rigid molecular entities. Finally, we propose the use of simple theoretical descriptors relying on calculations of the excited-state density difference and the electron-vibrational coupling to classify anomalous emissions according to their coupling scenario.Besides the fundamental interest of the above investigations, the herein developed computational protocols and descriptors will be useful for the tailored design of dyes with tunable and unconventional fluorescence properties and their exploitation in a wide range of areas (i.e., from organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) to bioimaging, small-molecule fluorescent probes, and photocatalysis). Finally, our theoretical framework enables the attainment of a holistic understanding of the interconversion processes between excited states, where the electron-vibrational coupling is shown to play a central role in determining the efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Veys
- Quantum Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Section, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200f, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniel Escudero
- Quantum Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Section, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200f, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Ruppel M, Gazetas L, Lungerich D, Jux N. Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Hexabenzocoronene‐Tetrabenzoporphyrin Architectures. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ruppel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich‐Alexander University Erlangen‐Nuremberg Nikolaus‐Fiebiger‐Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Lampros‐Pascal Gazetas
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich‐Alexander University Erlangen‐Nuremberg Nikolaus‐Fiebiger‐Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dominik Lungerich
- Institute for Basic Science (IBS), 50 Yonsei‐ro, Seodaemun‐gu Center for Nanomedicine 03722 Seoul Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME) Advanced Science Institute Yonsei University 03722 Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Norbert Jux
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich‐Alexander University Erlangen‐Nuremberg Nikolaus‐Fiebiger‐Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
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Gong L, Ma C, Liu T, Lv J, Xun X. Theoretical study on functionalized acrylonitrile compounds with a large second-order nonlinear optical response. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04575f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The nonlinear optical properties of the studied compounds were studied with the help of DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Gong
- Aviation University of Air Force
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Aviation University of Air Force
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Tiejun Liu
- Aviation University of Air Force
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Jinkai Lv
- Aviation University of Air Force
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Xianchao Xun
- Aviation University of Air Force
- Changchun 130022
- China
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Gong L, Liu C, Du X, Wang C, Yang G. Electronic structure and second-order nonlinear optical property of chiral peropyrenes. J Mol Model 2019; 25:220. [PMID: 31300896 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4106-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Discovery of novel materials with excellent second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties is a very attractive topic in chemistry and materials science. Recently, much more attention has been paid to chiral compounds due to their inherent asymmetric structure and intramolecular charge transfer. Currently, the density functional theory (DFT) has become a powerful methodology to rationalize experimental observations and to design new materials with desirable properties. In this work, on the basis of the reported chiral peropyrene, we designed another five compounds consisting of donor or acceptor moieties and the donor/acceptor combinations. We systematically studied their geometrical/electronic structures and electronic transition/second-order NLO properties. The measured UV-Vis/CD spectra of compound 1 are almost reproduced by our calculations, enabling us to assign its electronic transition property and absolute configuration. For these compounds, the different substituents have great effect on their photophysical properties (i.e., band gap, absorption wavelength, and NLO response). The charge transfer synergy provides some useful information for further performance improvement. Interestingly, compound 6 shows a remarkably large first hyperpolarizability value of 18.14 × 10-30 esu. Our research enables an opportunity for understanding the structure-property relationship of chiral peropyrenes. Graphical abstract The nonlinear optical properties of the studied compounds were studied with the aid of the DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Gong
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.,Aviation University of Air Force, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Xin Du
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Guochun Yang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
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Ho EKL, Lasorne B. Diabatic pseudofragmentation and nonadiabatic excitation-energy transfer in meta-substituted dendrimer building blocks. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wang S, Bohnsack M, Megow S, Renth F, Temps F. Ultrafast excitation energy transfer in a benzimidazole-naphthopyran donor-acceptor dyad. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:2080-2092. [PMID: 30638236 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05054f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The excited-state dynamics of a donor-acceptor dyad composed of 1-propyl-2-pyridinyl-benzimidazole (PPBI) as donor and the photochromic molecular switch diphenylnaphthopyran (DPNP) as acceptor linked via an ester bridge has been investigated by a combination of static and time-resolved spectroscopies and quantum chemical calculations. The UV absorption spectrum of the dyad is virtually identical to the sum of the spectra of its individual constituents, indicating only weak electronic coupling between the donor and acceptor in the electronic ground state. After selective photoexcitation of the PPBI chromophore in the dyad at λpump = 310 nm, however, a fast electronic energy transfer (EET) from the donor to the acceptor is observed, by which the lifetime of the normally long-lived excited state of PPBI is reduced to a few ps. Enabled by the EET, the acceptor switches from its ring-closed naphtopyran form to its ring-opened merocyanine form. The singular value decomposition-based global analyses of the measured femtosecond time-resolved transient absorption spectra of the dyad and its two building blocks as reference compounds allowed us to determine a value for the EET time constant in the dyad of τ = 2.90 ± 0.60 ps. For comparison, Förster theory predicts characteristic FRET times between 1.2 ps ≤ τ ≤ 4.2 ps, in good agreement with the experimental result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangqing Wang
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany.
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Liu C, Zhang X, Pan X, Yang G. Unveiling the Photophysical Properties of Boron Heptaaryldipyrromethene Derivatives. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2751-2757. [PMID: 29992730 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Increased interest has been devoted to the discovery of multifunctional materials with desirable properties, as continuous performance enhancement of various devices mainly depends on high-performance materials. Now, density functional theory has become a powerful tool to design new materials and rationalize experimental observations. In this work, we explored the photophysical properties origin of chiral boron heptaaryldipyrromethene (heptaaryl-BODIPY), which has charming optoelectronic properties. At the same time, we designed the other five compounds on the basis of heptaaryl-BODIPY. The simulated electronic absorption and emission spectra of heptaaryl-BODIPY are in agreement with experimental ones, allowing us to reliably assign its electronic transition property. The designed compound 6 shows remarkably large first hyperpolarizability value up to 82.78×10-30 esu. For this kind of compounds, their NLO response values associate with not only position but also electronic nature of substituent groups. Moreover, electron reorganization energies of compounds 1-4 are comparable to tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminium(III) which is a typical electron transport material. Intriguingly, the studied compounds are the excellent fluorescent probe materials from the standpoint of large Stokes shift and high emission efficiency. Our work enables an opportunity for understanding the relationship between microelectronic structure and macroscopic performance of BODIPY derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Liu
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, National & Local United Engineering Lab for Power Battery, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, China
| | - Xiumei Pan
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, National & Local United Engineering Lab for Power Battery, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, China
| | - Guochun Yang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, China
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