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Liu K, Li Y, Zhong X, Hou Y, Fei S, Chen E, Tan M. Protection effect of lutein-loaded Pickering emulsion prepared via ultrasound-assisted Maillard reaction conjugates on dry age-related macular degeneration. Food Funct 2024; 15:6347-6358. [PMID: 38768294 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00673a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a prominent cause of vision loss among the elderly, and the treatment options for dry AMD (dAMD) are severely limited. Lutein has a favorable effect on the treatment of dAMD. Algae oil, rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), is considered an effective intervention for eye diseases. In this study, casein-mannose conjugates were prepared to form algal oil-in-water Pickering emulsions by ultrasound-assisted Maillard reaction. As the ultrasound time increased from 0 to 25 min, the droplet size decreased to 648.2 ± 21.18 nm, which substantially improved the stability of the Pickering emulsions. The retention of lutein in the Pickering emulsions under ultrasonic treatment for 20 min was significantly improved under different conditions. The simulated gastrointestinal digestion revealed that ultrasound-assisted Pickering emulsions are an effective method for improving the bioaccessibility of lutein (19.76%-53.34%). In vivo studies elucidated that the lutein-loaded Pickering emulsions could effectively alleviate retinal thinning induced by sodium iodate (NaIO3) in mice with dAMD. Mechanistically, lutein-loaded Pickering emulsions significantly reduced oxidative stress by decreasing the MDA level, increasing the SOD production, and reducing the retinal ROS production. These findings explored the protective effects of lutein-loaded Pickering emulsions on dAMD and offered promising prospects for the nutritional intervention of dAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangjing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory for Precision Nutrition, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory for Precision Nutrition, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory for Precision Nutrition, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Yitong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory for Precision Nutrition, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Siyuan Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory for Precision Nutrition, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Entao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory for Precision Nutrition, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory for Precision Nutrition, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
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Basyal D, Lee S, Kim HJ. Antioxidants and Mechanistic Insights for Managing Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:568. [PMID: 38790673 PMCID: PMC11117704 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) severely affects central vision due to progressive macular degeneration and its staggering prevalence is rising globally, especially in the elderly population above 55 years. Increased oxidative stress with aging is considered an important contributor to AMD pathogenesis despite multifaceted risk factors including genetic predisposition and environmental agents. Wet AMD can be managed with routine intra-vitreal injection of angiogenesis inhibitors, but no satisfactory medicine has been approved for the successful management of the dry form. The toxic carbonyls due to photo-oxidative degradation of accumulated bisretinoids within lysosomes initiate a series of events including protein adduct formation, impaired autophagy flux, complement activation, and chronic inflammation, which is implicated in dry AMD. Therapy based on antioxidants has been extensively studied for its promising effect in reducing the impact of oxidative stress. This paper reviews the dry AMD pathogenesis, delineates the effectiveness of dietary and nutrition supplements in clinical studies, and explores pre-clinical studies of antioxidant molecules, extracts, and formulations with their mechanistic insights.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hye Jin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Dauge 42601, Republic of Korea
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Varner LR, Chaya T, Maeda Y, Tsutsumi R, Zhou S, Tsujii T, Okuzaki D, Furukawa T. The deubiquitinase Otud7b suppresses cone photoreceptor degeneration in mouse models of retinal degenerative diseases. iScience 2024; 27:109380. [PMID: 38510130 PMCID: PMC10951987 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary and secondary cone photoreceptor death in retinal degenerative diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP), leads to severe visual impairment and blindness. Although the cone photoreceptor protection in retinal degenerative diseases is crucial for maintaining vision, the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. Here, we found that the deubiquitinase Otud7b/Cezanne is predominantly expressed in photoreceptor cells in the retina. We analyzed Otud7b-/- mice, which were subjected to light-induced damage, a dry AMD model, or were mated with an RP mouse model, and observed increased cone photoreceptor degeneration. Using RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analysis followed by a luciferase reporter assay, we found that Otud7b downregulates NF-κB activity. Furthermore, inhibition of NF-κB attenuated cone photoreceptor degeneration in the light-exposed Otud7b-/- retina and stress-induced neuronal cell death resulting from Otud7b deficiency. Together, our findings suggest that Otud7b protects cone photoreceptors in retinal degenerative diseases by modulating NF-κB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Rie Varner
- Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Taro Chaya
- Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yamato Maeda
- Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Tsutsumi
- Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshinori Tsujii
- Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takahisa Furukawa
- Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Zhang H, Song T, Kang R, Ren F, Liu J, Wang J. Plant bioactive compounds alleviate photoinduced retinal damage and asthenopia: Mechanisms, synergies, and bioavailability. Nutr Res 2023; 120:115-134. [PMID: 37980835 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The retina, an important tissue of the eye, is essential in visual transmission and sustaining adequate eyesight. However, oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions can harm retinal structure and function. Recent studies have demonstrated that exposure to light can induce oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in retinal cells, thereby facilitating the progression of retinal damage-related diseases and asthenopia. Plant bioactive compounds such as anthocyanin, curcumin, resveratrol, lutein, zeaxanthin, epigallocatechin gallate, and quercetin are effective in alleviating retinal damage and asthenopia. Their strong oxidation resistance and unique chemical structure can prevent the retina from producing reactive oxygen species and regulating eye muscle relaxation, thus alleviating retinal damage and asthenopia. Additionally, the combination of these active ingredients produces a stronger antioxidant effect. Consequently, understanding the mechanism of retinal damage caused by light and the regulation mechanism of bioactive compounds can better protect the retina and reduce asthenopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Zhang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Tiancong Song
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Rui Kang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Feiyue Ren
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jie Liu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jing Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China.
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Shi S, Wang J, Liu C, Zheng L. Alleviative effects of quercetin of Botrytis cinerea-induced toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:109146. [PMID: 37832747 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin is a kind of flavonoid substance extensively existing in the plant, which has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis effects. It was reported that the higher concentration of spores present in the environment could cause abnormal development in zebrafish larvae. Therefore, this study set out to investigate whether quercetin could reduce the zebrafish larvae damage caused by Botrytis cinerea exposure as well as to examine the molecular basis for this action. The findings demonstrated that 50 μM quercetin improved the developmental dysplasia of zebrafish larvae induced by 102 CFU/mL Botrytis cinerea spore suspension, reduced abnormal apoptosis, enhanced antioxidant system, relieved inflammation, reshaped intestinal morphology and recovered intestinal motility. At the molecular level, quercetin decreased the transcriptional abundance of pro-apoptotic factors (bax, p53, caspase3, and caspase9) and up-regulated the anti-apoptotic gene (bcl-2) expression to reduce apoptosis. Moreover, quercetin enhanced the activities of downstream antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) to clear excess ROS and MDA due to Botrytis cinerea exposure by up-regulating the expression of antioxidant genes (nrf2, ho-1, sod, and cat) in the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. Additionally, quercetin inhibited the elevation of TNF-α by regulating the gene expression of key targets (jak3, pi3k, pdk1, akt, and ikk2) and the content of major proteins NF-κB (P65) and IκB in the NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, this work enriched the contents of the biological research of Botrytis cinerea and provided a new direction for the drug development and targeted therapy of quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Shi
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Ju Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Changhong Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
| | - Lei Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China; Intelligent Interconnected Systems Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
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Shin CY, Jeong KW. Photooxidation of A2E by Blue Light Regulates Heme Oxygenase 1 Expression via NF-κB and Lysine Methyltransferase 2A in ARPE-19 Cells. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1698. [PMID: 36362853 PMCID: PMC9699413 DOI: 10.3390/life12111698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E) is a component of drusen that accumulates in retinal cells and induces oxidative stress through photooxidation, such as blue light (BL). We found that the heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) gene responds sensitively to photooxidation by the BL of A2E in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, and we sought to identify the transcription factors and coactivators involved in the upregulation of HMOX1 by A2E and BL. Methods: A2E-laden human RPE cells (ARPE-19) were exposed to BL (430 nm). RNA sequencing was performed to identify genes responsive to BL exposure. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and RT-qPCR were performed to determine the regulation of HMOX1 transcription. Clinical transcriptome data were used to evaluate HMOX1 expression in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Results: In ARPE-19 cells, the expression of HMOX1, one of the NF-κB target genes, was significantly increased by A2E and BL. The binding of RELA and RNA polymerase II to the promoter region of HMOX1 was significantly increased by A2E and BL. Lysine methyltransferase 2A (MLL1) plays an important role in H3K4me3 methylation, NF-κB recruitment, chromatin remodeling at the HMOX1 promoter, and, subsequently, HMOX1 expression. The retinal tissues of patients with late-stage AMD showed significantly increased expression of HMOX1 compared to normal retinal tissues. In addition, the expression levels of MLL1 and HMOX1 in retinal tissues were correlated. Conclusions: Taken together, our results suggest that BL induces HMOX1 expression by activating NF-κB and MLL1 in RPE cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kwang Won Jeong
- Gachon Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea
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Donato L, Scimone C, Alibrandi S, Scalinci SZ, Rinaldi C, D’Angelo R, Sidoti A. Epitranscriptome Analysis of Oxidative Stressed Retinal Epithelial Cells Depicted a Possible RNA Editing Landscape of Retinal Degeneration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101967. [PMID: 36290689 PMCID: PMC9598096 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress represents one of the principal causes of inherited retinal dystrophies, with many related molecular mechanisms still unknown. We investigated the posttranscriptional RNA editing landscape of human retinal pigment epithelium cells (RPE) exposed to the oxidant agent N-retinylidene-N-retinyl ethanolamine (A2E) for 1 h, 2 h, 3 h and 6 h. Using a transcriptomic approach, refined with a specific multialgorithm pipeline, 62,880 already annotated and de novo RNA editing sites within about 3000 genes were identified among all samples. Approximately 19% of these RNA editing sites were found within 3' UTR, including sites common to all time points that were predicted to change the binding capacity of 359 miRNAs towards 9654 target genes. A2E exposure also determined significant gene expression differences in deaminase family ADAR, APOBEC and ADAT members, involved in canonical and tRNA editing events. On GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, genes that showed different RNA editing levels are mainly involved in pathways strongly linked to a possible neovascularization of retinal tissue, with induced apoptosis mediated by the ECM and surface protein altered signaling. Collectively, this work demonstrated dynamic RNA editome profiles in RPE cells for the first time and shed more light on new mechanisms at the basis of retinal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Donato
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Strategies, Genetics and Cutting-Edge Therapies, I.E.ME.S.T., 90139 Palermo, Italy
| | - Concetta Scimone
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Strategies, Genetics and Cutting-Edge Therapies, I.E.ME.S.T., 90139 Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Alibrandi
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Strategies, Genetics and Cutting-Edge Therapies, I.E.ME.S.T., 90139 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-221-3136
| | - Sergio Zaccaria Scalinci
- DIMEC (Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences), University of Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmela Rinaldi
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalia D’Angelo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonina Sidoti
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
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Cao Y, Li XY, Tchivelekete GM, Li X, Zhou X, He Z, Reilly J, Tan Z, Shu X. Bioinformatical and biochemical analyses on the protective role of traditional Chinese medicine against age-related macular degeneration. Curr Eye Res 2022; 47:1450-1462. [PMID: 35947018 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2022.2108456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the commonest cause of permanent vision loss in the elderly. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has long been used to treat AMD, although the underlying functional mechanisms are not understood. This study aims to predict the active ingredients through screening the chemical ingredients of anti-AMD Decoction and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. METHODS We collected the prescriptions for effective AMD treatment with traditional Chinese medicine and screened several Chinese medicines that were used most frequently in order to compose "anti-AMD decoction". The pharmacologically active ingredients and corresponding targets in this anti-AMD decoction were mined using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database. Subsequently, the AMD-related targets were identified through the GeneCards database. Network pharmacology was performed to construct the visual network of anti-AMD Decoction-AMD protein-protein interaction (PPI). Further, the Autodock software was adopted for molecular docking on the core active ingredients and core targets. The function of core ingredients against oxidative stress and inflammation in retinal pigment epithelial cells was assessed using biochemical assays. RESULTS We screened out 268 active ingredients in anti-AMD Decoction corresponding to 258 ingredient targets, combined with 2160 disease targets in AMD, and obtained 129 drug-disease common targets. The key core proteins were predominantly involved in inflammation. Furthermore, molecular docking showed that four potential active ingredients (Quercetin, luteolin, naringenin and hederagenin) had good affinity with the core proteins, IL6, TNF and MAPK3. Quercetin, luteolin and naringenin demonstrated capacities against oxidative stress and inflammation in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS The data suggests that anti-AMD Decoction has multiple functional components and targets in treating AMD, possibly mediated by suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqun Cao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan 422000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ya Li
- Department of Chinese Medical, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P.R. China
| | - Gabriel Mbuta Tchivelekete
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA.,Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Namibe, Angola
| | - Xing Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan 422000, P.R. China
| | - Xinzhi Zhou
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA
| | - Zhiming He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan 422000, P.R. China
| | - James Reilly
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA
| | - Zhoujin Tan
- Department of Chinese Medical, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Shu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan 422000, P.R. China.,Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA
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Amadike Ugbogu E, Emmanuel O, Ebubechi Uche M, Dike Dike E, Chukwuebuka Okoro B, Ibe C, Chibueze Ude V, Nwabu Ekweogu C, Chinyere Ugbogu O. The ethnobotanical, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of Psidium guajava L. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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10
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Protective Effect of Ribes nigrum Extract against Blue Light-Induced Retinal Degeneration In Vitro and In Vivo. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050832. [PMID: 35624696 PMCID: PMC9137918 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although blackcurrant has several health benefits, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, its effects on the retina remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of black currant extract (BCE) in an in vitro and in vivo model of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) induced by blue light. Dry macular degeneration is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of lipofuscin (e.g., N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine, A2E) in the retina. Blue light (BL) significantly decreased the viability of A2E-laden human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19). However, BCE treatment protected ARPE-19 cells from A2E and BL. A2E, which is oxidized by blue light, generates reactive oxygen species in RPE cells. Treatment with BCE significantly decreased (80.8%) reactive oxygen species levels induced by A2E and BL in a concentration-dependent manner. BCE inhibited A2E accumulation in ARPE-19 cells and significantly downregulated the expression of genes increased by A2E and BL in ARPE-19 cells. In vivo, oral administration of BCE (25–100 mg/kg) ameliorated ocular lesions of BL-induced retinal damage in a mouse model and rescued the thickness of the whole retina, photoreceptor segment layer, outer nuclear layer, and inner nuclear layer. The decrease in the number of nuclei in the outer nuclear layer induced by BL was also rescued by BCE. Additionally, BCE administration rescued (40.0%) the BL-induced reduction in the expression level of superoxide dismutase 1. Taken together, our results suggest that BCE may have preventive and therapeutic effects on dry AMD through its antioxidant activity and inhibition of lipofuscin accumulation in the retina.
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11
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Jin HL, Jeong KW. Transcriptome Analysis of Long-Term Exposure to Blue Light in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2022; 30:291-297. [PMID: 35074938 PMCID: PMC9047491 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2021.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a type of progressive blindness that is primarily due to dysfunction and the loss of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The accumulation of N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E), a by-product of the visual cycle, causes RPE and photoreceptor degeneration that impairs vision. Genes associated with dry AMD have been identified using a blue light model of A2E accumulation in the retinal pigment epithelium and transcriptomic studies of retinal tissue from patients with AMD. However, dry macular degeneration progresses slowly, and current approaches cannot reveal changes in gene transcription according to stages of AMD progression. Thus, they are limited in terms of identifying genes responsible for pathogenesis. Here, we created a model of long-term exposure to identify temporally-dependent changes in gene expression induced in human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) exposed to blue light and a non-cytotoxic dose of A2E for 120 days. We identified stage-specific genes at 40, 100, and 120 days, respectively. The expression of genes corresponding to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during the early stage, glycolysis and angiogenesis during the middle stage, and apoptosis and inflammation pathways during the late stage was significantly altered by A2E and blue light. Changes in the expression of genes at the late stages of the EMT were similar to those found in human eyes with late-stage AMD. Our results provide further insight into the pathogenesis of dry AMD induced by blue light and a novel model in vitro with which relevant genes can be identified in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, Yanbian University, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Kwang Won Jeong
- Gachon Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
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Cho HM, Jo YD, Choung SY. Protective Effects of Spirulina maxima against Blue Light-Induced Retinal Damages in A2E-Laden ARPE-19 Cells and Balb/c Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030401. [PMID: 35276761 PMCID: PMC8840079 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a significant visual impairment in older people, and there is no treatment for dry AMD. Spirulina maxima (S. maxima), a cyanobacterium, has inhibitory effects against oxidative stress. However, the protective effects of S. maxima and its underlying mechanisms on blue light (BL)-caused macular degeneration are unknown. We aimed to investigate the protective effects of S. maxima on blue light-caused retinal damage and demonstrate its underlying mechanisms in human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells and Balb/c retinas. Additionally, the active component of S. maxima was examined in the RPE cells. In vitro, S. maxima decreased BL-induced RPE cell death by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. S. maxima inhibited BL-induced inflammation via regulating the NF-κB pathway, inflammatory-related gene expression, and the apoptosis pathway in RPE cells. In vivo, administration of S. maxima inhibited BL-induced retinal degeneration by restoring the thicknesses of whole retina, ONL (outer nuclear layer), INL (inner nuclear layer), and PL (photoreceptor layer) by BL exposure. Phycocyanin exerted protective effects in the pre-and post-treatment system. Therefore, S. maxima could be a potential nutraceutical approach to intercept the patho-physiological processes leading to dry AMD and advancement to wet AMD. Moreover, phycocyanin was a major active compound of S. maxima. These findings need to be investigated in human studies, particularly through a clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Mi Cho
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Ye-Dam Jo
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Se-Young Choung
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Department of Preventive Pharmacy and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-961-9198; Fax: +82-2-961-0372
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Fucoxanthin Pretreatment Ameliorates Visible Light-Induced Phagocytosis Disruption of RPE Cells under a Lipid-Rich Environment via the Nrf2 Pathway. Mar Drugs 2021; 20:md20010015. [PMID: 35049870 PMCID: PMC8780744 DOI: 10.3390/md20010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin, a special xanthophyll derived from marine algae, has increasingly attracted attention due to its diverse biological functions. However, reports on its ocular benefits are still limited. In this work, the ameliorative effect of fucoxanthin on visible light and lipid peroxidation-induced phagocytosis disruption in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells was investigated in vitro. Marked oxidative stress, inflammation, and phagocytosis disruption were evident in differentiated RPE cells following their exposure to visible light under a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich environment. Following pretreatment with fucoxanthin, however, the activated nuclear factor erythroid-derived-2-like 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway was observed and, furthermore, when the fucoxanthin -pretreated RPE cells were irradiated with visible light, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and inflammation were obviously suppressed, while phagocytosis was significantly improved. However, following the addition of Nrf2 inhibitor ML385, the fucoxanthin exhibited no ameliorative effects on the oxidative stress, inflammation, and phagocytosis disruption in the RPE cells, thus indicating that the ameliorative effect of fucoxanthin on the phagocytosis of RPE cells is closely related to the Nrf2 signaling pathway. In conclusion, these results suggest that fucoxanthin supplementation might be beneficial to the prevention of visible light-induced retinal injury.
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Xie T, Cai J, Yao Y, Sun C, Yang Q, Wu M, Xu Z, Sun X, Wang X. LXA4 protects against blue-light induced retinal degeneration in human A2E-laden RPE cells and Balb-c mice. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1249. [PMID: 34532386 PMCID: PMC8421929 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of permanent visual impairment in the elderly. Blue light (BL) has been reported to cause retinal damage and contribute to the onset and development of severe AMD. N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E), a lipofuscin fluorophore, accumulates with ageing in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Once exposed to BL, A2E easily oxidizes to A2E-epoxides, causing oxidative-stress injury to the retina. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4), an endogenous anti-antioxidant lipid, plays a key role in multiple organs by binding to the formyl-peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1). This study examined the protective effects of LXA4 on oxidative-stress injury induced by BL exposure, and clarified the underlying mechanisms in cultured RPE cells and Balb-c mice. Methods LXA4 diluent was orally administered to mice before retinal degeneration was established. Optical coherence tomography, retinal histology, and RPE cell injury were assessed. Results LXA4 administration significantly ameliorated retinal damage as evidenced by the thicknesses of the retinal layers and the tight junctions of RPE cells in vivo. LXA4 inhibited BL-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, reduced tight junctions, and the death of A2E-laden RPE cells. LXA4 also potently increased the expression of haem oxygenase-1 (HO1) and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), probably by decreasing the association between nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and Kelch-like ECH (Epichlorohydrin) -associated protein 1 (Keap1), and ameliorating NRF2 nuclear translocation and the antioxidant response element (ARE) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) binding activity. Conclusions Our results showed that LXA4 ameliorated retinal degeneration, and should be considered in the prevention and treatment of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhua Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiping Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yong Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Meili Wu
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zifan Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
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Dietary Supplementation of Antioxidant Compounds Prevents Light-Induced Retinal Damage in a Rat Model. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091177. [PMID: 34572363 PMCID: PMC8472009 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-induced retinal damage (LD) is characterized by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species leading to oxidative stress and photoreceptor cell death. The use of natural antioxidants has emerged as promising approach for the prevention of LD. Among them, lutein and cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) have been shown to be particularly effective due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. However, less is known about the possible efficacy of combining them in a multicomponent mixture. In a rat model of LD, Western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry and electroretinography were used to demonstrate that lutein and C3G in combination or in a multicomponent mixture can prevent oxidative stress, inflammation, gliotic and apoptotic responses thus protecting photoreceptor cells from death with higher efficacy than each component alone. Combined efficacy on dysfunctional electroretinogram was also demonstrated by ameliorated rod and cone photoreceptor responses. These findings suggest the rationale to formulate multicomponent blends which may optimize the partnering compounds bioactivity and bioavailability.
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Armento A, Schmidt TL, Sonntag I, Merle DA, Jarboui MA, Kilger E, Clark SJ, Ueffing M. CFH Loss in Human RPE Cells Leads to Inflammation and Complement System Dysregulation via the NF-κB Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168727. [PMID: 34445430 PMCID: PMC8396051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of vision loss in the elderly, is a degenerative disease of the macula, where retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells are damaged in the early stages of the disease, and chronic inflammatory processes may be involved. Besides aging and lifestyle factors as drivers of AMD, a strong genetic association to AMD is found in genes of the complement system, with a single polymorphism in the complement factor H gene (CFH), accounting for the majority of AMD risk. However, the exact mechanism of CFH dysregulation confers such a great risk for AMD and its role in RPE cell homeostasis is unclear. To explore the role of endogenous CFH locally in RPE cells, we silenced CFH in human hTERT-RPE1 cells. We demonstrate that endogenously expressed CFH in RPE cells modulates inflammatory cytokine production and complement regulation, independent of external complement sources, or stressors. We show that loss of the factor H protein (FH) results in increased levels of inflammatory mediators (e.g., IL-6, IL-8, GM-CSF) and altered levels of complement proteins (e.g., C3, CFB upregulation, and C5 downregulation) that are known to play a role in AMD. Moreover, our results identify the NF-κB pathway as the major pathway involved in regulating these inflammatory and complement factors. Our findings suggest that in RPE cells, FH and the NF-κB pathway work in synergy to maintain inflammatory and complement balance, and in case either one of them is dysregulated, the RPE microenvironment changes towards a proinflammatory AMD-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Armento
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Department for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.L.S.); (I.S.); (D.A.M.); (M.A.J.); (E.K.); (S.J.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (M.U.); Tel.: +49-7071-29-84953 (A.A.)
| | - Tiziana L. Schmidt
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Department for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.L.S.); (I.S.); (D.A.M.); (M.A.J.); (E.K.); (S.J.C.)
| | - Inga Sonntag
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Department for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.L.S.); (I.S.); (D.A.M.); (M.A.J.); (E.K.); (S.J.C.)
| | - David A. Merle
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Department for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.L.S.); (I.S.); (D.A.M.); (M.A.J.); (E.K.); (S.J.C.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Mohamed Ali Jarboui
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Department for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.L.S.); (I.S.); (D.A.M.); (M.A.J.); (E.K.); (S.J.C.)
| | - Ellen Kilger
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Department for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.L.S.); (I.S.); (D.A.M.); (M.A.J.); (E.K.); (S.J.C.)
| | - Simon J. Clark
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Department for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.L.S.); (I.S.); (D.A.M.); (M.A.J.); (E.K.); (S.J.C.)
- Department for Ophthalmology, University Eye Clinic, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Department for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.L.S.); (I.S.); (D.A.M.); (M.A.J.); (E.K.); (S.J.C.)
- Department for Ophthalmology, University Eye Clinic, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (M.U.); Tel.: +49-7071-29-84953 (A.A.)
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Feng JH, Dong XW, Yu HL, Shen W, Lv XY, Wang R, Cheng XX, Xiong F, Hu XL, Wang H. Cynaroside protects the blue light-induced retinal degeneration through alleviating apoptosis and inducing autophagy in vitro and in vivo. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 88:153604. [PMID: 34130054 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blue light can directly penetrate the lens and reach the retina to induce retinal damage, causing dry age-related macular degeneration (dAMD). Cynaroside (Cyn), a flavonoid glycoside, was proved to alleviate the oxidative damage of retinal cells in vitro. However, whether or not Cyn also exerts protective effect on blue light-induced retinal degeneration and its mechanisms of action are unclear. PURPOSE This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of Cyn against blue-light induced retinal degeneration and its underlying mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS Blue light-induced N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E)-laden adult retinal pigment epithelial-19 (ARPE-19) cell damage and retinal damage in SD rats were respectively used to evaluate the protective effects of Cyn on retinal degeneration in vitro and in vivo. MTT assay and AnnexinV-PI double staining assay were used to evaluate the in vitro efficacy. Histological analysis, TUNEL assay, and fundus imaging were conducted to evaluate the in vivo efficacy. ELISA assay, western blot, and immunostaining were performed to investigate the mechanisms of action of Cyn. RESULTS Cyn decreased the blue light-induced A2E-laden ARPE-19 cell damage and oxidative stress. Intravitreal injection of Cyn (2, 4 μg/eye) reversed the retinal degeneration induced by blue light in SD rats. Furthermore, Cyn inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and induced autophagy, which led to the clearance of overactivated pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Cyn protects against blue light-induced retinal degeneration by modulating autophagy and decreasing the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Wei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Li Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Yu Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Xiang Cheng
- Hubei Fenghuang Baiyunshan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Macheng 438300, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Long Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Fernandez-Gonzalez P, Mas-Sanchez A, Garriga P. Polyphenols and Visual Health: Potential Effects on Degenerative Retinal Diseases. Molecules 2021; 26:3407. [PMID: 34199888 PMCID: PMC8200069 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary polyphenols are a group of natural compounds that have been proposed to have beneficial effects on human health. They were first known for their antioxidant properties, but several studies over the years have shown that these compounds can exert protective effects against chronic diseases. Nonetheless, the mechanisms underlying these potential benefits are still uncertain and contradictory effects have been reported. In this review, we analyze the potential effects of polyphenol compounds on some visual diseases, with a special focus on retinal degenerative diseases. Current effective therapies for the treatment of such retinal diseases are lacking and new strategies need to be developed. For this reason, there is currently a renewed interest in finding novel ligands (or known ligands with previously unexpected features) that could bind to retinal photoreceptors and modulate their molecular properties. Some polyphenols, especially flavonoids (e.g., quercetin and tannic acid), could attenuate light-induced receptor damage and promote visual health benefits. Recent evidence suggests that certain flavonoids could help stabilize the correctly folded conformation of the visual photoreceptor protein rhodopsin and offset the deleterious effect of retinitis pigmentosa mutations. In this regard, certain polyphenols, like the flavonoids mentioned before, have been shown to improve the stability, expression, regeneration and folding of rhodopsin mutants in experimental in vitro studies. Moreover, these compounds appear to improve the integration of the receptor into the cell membrane while acting against oxidative stress at the same time. We anticipate that polyphenol compounds can be used to target visual photoreceptor proteins, such as rhodopsin, in a way that has only been recently proposed and that these can be used in novel approaches for the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases like retinitis pigmentosa; however, studies in this field are limited and further research is needed in order to properly characterize the effects of these compounds on retinal degenerative diseases through the proposed mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pere Garriga
- Grup de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Centre de Biotecnologia Molecular, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Edifici Gaia, 08222 Terrassa, Spain; (P.F.-G.); (A.M.-S.)
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Chen YW, Huang YP, Wu PC, Chiang WY, Wang PH, Chen BY. The Functional Vision Protection Effect of Danshensu via Dopamine D1 Receptors: In Vivo Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030978. [PMID: 33803057 PMCID: PMC8002943 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Danshensu, a traditional herb-based active component (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge), has garnered attention, due to its safety, nutritional value, and antioxidant effects, along with cardiovascular-protective and neuroprotective abilities; however, its effect on the retinal tissues and functional vision has not been fully studied. The objective of this study was to analyze the protective effect of danshensu on retinal tissues and functional vision in vivo in a mouse model of light-induced retinal degeneration. High energy light-evoked visual damage was confirmed by the loss in structural tissue integrity in the retina accompanied by a decline in visual acuity and visual contrast sensitivity function (VCSF), whereas the retina tissue exhibited severe Müller cell gliosis. Although danshensu treatment did not particularly reduce light-evoked damage to the photoreceptors, it significantly prevented Müller cell gliosis. Danshensu exerted protective effects against light-evoked deterioration on low spatial frequency-based VCSF as determined by the behavioral optomotor reflex method. Additionally, the protective effect of danshensu on VCSF can be reversed and blocked by the injection of a dopamine D1 receptor antagonist (SCH 23390). This study demonstrated that the major functional vision promotional effect of danshensu in vivo was through the dopamine D1 receptors enhancement pathway, rather than the structural protection of the retinas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Wen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 88301, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (P.-C.W.); (W.-Y.C.)
| | - Yun-Ping Huang
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-P.H.); (P.-H.W.)
| | - Pei-Chang Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 88301, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (P.-C.W.); (W.-Y.C.)
| | - Wei-Yu Chiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 88301, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (P.-C.W.); (W.-Y.C.)
| | - Ping-Hsun Wang
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-P.H.); (P.-H.W.)
| | - Bo-Yie Chen
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-P.H.); (P.-H.W.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2473-0022 (ext. 12319)
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Pham TNM, Shin CY, Park SH, Lee TH, Ryu HY, Kim SB, Auh K, Jeong KW. Solanum melongena L. Extract Protects Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells from Blue Light-Induced Phototoxicity in In Vitro and In Vivo Models. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020359. [PMID: 33503991 PMCID: PMC7912168 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E) accumulation in the retina is a prominent marker of retinal degenerative diseases. Blue light exposure is considered as an important factor contributing to dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Eggplant and its constituents have been shown to confer health benefits, but their therapeutic effects on dry AMD remain incompletely understood. In this study, we showed that an extract of Solanum melongena L. (EPX) protected A2E-laden ARPE-19 cells against blue light-induced cell death via attenuating reactive oxygen species. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that blue light modulated the expression of genes associated with stress response, inflammation, and cell death, and EPX suppressed the inflammatory pathway induced by blue light in A2E-laden ARPE-19 cells by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B and transcription of pro-inflammatory genes (CXCL8 and IL1B). The degradation of intracellular A2E was considered the major mechanism underlying the protective effect of EPX. Moreover, chlorogenic acid isolated from EPX exerted protective effects against blue light-induced cell damage in A2E-laden ARPE-19 cells. In vivo, EPX administration in BALB/c mice reduced the fundus damage and degeneration of the retinal layer in a blue light-induced retinal damage model. Collectively, our findings suggest the potential role of Solanum melongena L. extract for AMD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu Nguyen Minh Pham
- Gachon Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea; (T.N.M.P.); (C.-Y.S.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hong Bang International University, Ho Chi Minh 215, Vietnam
| | - Chae-Young Shin
- Gachon Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea; (T.N.M.P.); (C.-Y.S.)
| | - Seo Hyun Park
- R&D Center, Ahn-Gook Health Co., Ltd., Seoul 06164, Korea; (S.H.P.); (T.H.L.); (K.A.)
| | - Taek Hwan Lee
- R&D Center, Ahn-Gook Health Co., Ltd., Seoul 06164, Korea; (S.H.P.); (T.H.L.); (K.A.)
| | - Hyeon Yeol Ryu
- Korea Conformity Laboratories, Incheon 21999, Korea; (H.Y.R.); (S.-B.K.)
| | - Sung-Bae Kim
- Korea Conformity Laboratories, Incheon 21999, Korea; (H.Y.R.); (S.-B.K.)
| | - Kwang Auh
- R&D Center, Ahn-Gook Health Co., Ltd., Seoul 06164, Korea; (S.H.P.); (T.H.L.); (K.A.)
| | - Kwang Won Jeong
- Gachon Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea; (T.N.M.P.); (C.-Y.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-32-820-4925; Fax: +82-32-820-4829
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21
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Lutein protected the retina from light induced retinal damage by inhibiting increasing oxidative stress and inflammation. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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22
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Jabbehdari S, Handa JT. Oxidative stress as a therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of early age-related macular degeneration. Surv Ophthalmol 2020; 66:423-440. [PMID: 32961209 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of irreversible visual loss among older adults in developed countries, is a chronic, multifactorial, and progressive disease with the development of painless, central vision loss. Retinal pigment epithelial cell dysfunction is a core change in age-related macular degeneration that results from aging and the accumulated effects of genetic and environmental factors that, in part, is both caused by and leads to oxidative stress. In this review, we describe the role of oxidative stress, the cytoprotective oxidative stress pathways, and the impact of oxidative stress on critical cellular processes involved in age-related macular degeneration pathobiology. We also offer targeted therapy that may define how antioxidant therapy can either prevent or improve specific stages of age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayena Jabbehdari
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - James T Handa
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Huang CP, Lin YW, Huang YC, Tsai FJ. Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Novel Target for Neuroprotective Nutraceuticals in Ocular Diseases. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12071950. [PMID: 32629966 PMCID: PMC7400242 DOI: 10.3390/nu12071950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The eyes require a rich oxygen and nutrient supply; hence, the high-energy demand of the visual system makes it sensitive to oxidative stress. Excessive free radicals result in mitochondrial dysfunction and lead to retinal neurodegeneration, as an early stage of retinal metabolic disorders. Retinal cells are vulnerable because of their coordinated interaction and intricate neural networks. Nutraceuticals are believed to target multiple pathways and have shown neuroprotective benefits by scavenging free radicals and promoting mitochondrial gene expression. Furthermore, encouraging results demonstrate that nutraceuticals improve the organization of retinal cells and visual functions. This review discusses the mitochondrial impairments of retinal cells and the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of nutraceuticals. However, some unsolved problems still exist between laboratory study and clinical therapy. Poor bioavailability and bioaccessibility strongly limit their development. A new delivery system and improved formulation may offer promise for health care applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ping Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Wen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Chuen Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-C.H.); (F.-J.T.)
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Children’s Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-C.H.); (F.-J.T.)
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Kim J, Cho K, Choung SY. Protective effect of Prunella vulgaris var. L extract against blue light induced damages in ARPE-19 cells and mouse retina. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 152:622-631. [PMID: 31811921 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of leading causes that induce severe visual impairment and loss in the elderly. Previous studies have suggested that blue light (BL) could induce retinal degeneration, which is a major cause of the onset and development of severe AMD. In the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, A2E, a lipofuscin fluorophore, is accumulated with aging. When A2E is exposed to BL, it is easily oxidized to A2E-epoxides, leading to oxidative stress and inflammatory response in retina. The aim of this study was to investigate protective effect of Prunella vulagris (P.V) extract against oxidative stress and inflammation caused by BL, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms in the cultured RPE cells and balb-c mice. In both model studies, P.V extract activated NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf-2)/hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway, followed by inhibition of ROS/MDA production, GSH depletion and reduction in SOD activity. Furthermore, P.V extract inhibited upregulation of inflammatory related genes (interlukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF A)) and BL induced RPE cell death, determined by cell viability and histological analyses. The mechanism of protection against inflammation by P.V extract involves inhibition of nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-kB) along with degradation of NF-kB inhibitor alpha (IkB alpha). The results suggest that P.V extract could be a potential intervention to prevent the onset and development of severe AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyoungwon Cho
- Chong Kun Dang Healthcare Corporation, 47, Beodeunaru-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 07249, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Young Choung
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Ho TY, Lo HY, Liu IC, Lin KA, Liao YF, Lo YC, Hsiang CY. The protective effect of quercetin on retinal inflammation in mice: the involvement of tumor necrosis factor/nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways. Food Funct 2020; 11:8150-8160. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01324b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oral administration of quercetin ameliorated LPS-induced retinal inflammation in mice by down-regulating TNF, cytokine, and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin-Yun Ho
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine
- China Medical University
- Taichung 40402
- Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology
| | - Hsin-Yi Lo
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine
- China Medical University
- Taichung 40402
- Taiwan
| | - I-Chen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine
- China Medical University
- Taichung 40402
- Taiwan
| | - Ken-An Lin
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine
- China Medical University
- Taichung 40402
- Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Liao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- China Medical University
- Taichung 40402
- Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chun Lo
- School of Medicine
- China Medical University
- Taichung 40402
- Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yun Hsiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology
- China Medical University
- Taichung 40402
- Taiwan
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Olchawa MM, Krzysztynska-Kuleta OI, Mokrzynski KT, Sarna PM, Sarna TJ. Quercetin protects ARPE-19 cells against photic stress mediated by the products of rhodopsin photobleaching. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2020; 19:1022-1034. [DOI: 10.1039/d0pp00165a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to intense light could increase the risk of phototoxic reactions mediated by rhodopsin photobleaching products (RPBP) that might accumulate in photoreceptor outer segments (POS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena M. Olchawa
- Department of Biophysics
- Faculty of Biochemistry
- Biophysics and Biotechnology
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-387 Krakow
| | - Olga I. Krzysztynska-Kuleta
- Department of Biophysics
- Faculty of Biochemistry
- Biophysics and Biotechnology
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-387 Krakow
| | - Krystian T. Mokrzynski
- Department of Biophysics
- Faculty of Biochemistry
- Biophysics and Biotechnology
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-387 Krakow
| | - Piotr M. Sarna
- Fluid Mechanics Laboratory
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
- Cracow University of Technology
- Poland
| | - Tadeusz J. Sarna
- Department of Biophysics
- Faculty of Biochemistry
- Biophysics and Biotechnology
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-387 Krakow
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The Retinoid and Non-Retinoid Ligands of the Rod Visual G Protein-Coupled Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246218. [PMID: 31835521 PMCID: PMC6941084 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a predominant role in the drug discovery effort. These cell surface receptors are activated by a variety of specific ligands that bind to the orthosteric binding pocket located in the extracellular part of the receptor. In addition, the potential binding sites located on the surface of the receptor enable their allosteric modulation with critical consequences for their function and pharmacology. For decades, drug discovery focused on targeting the GPCR orthosteric binding sites. However, finding that GPCRs can be modulated allosterically opened a new venue for developing novel pharmacological modulators with higher specificity. Alternatively, focus on discovering of non-retinoid small molecules beneficial in retinopathies associated with mutations in rhodopsin is currently a fast-growing pharmacological field. In this review, we summarize the accumulated knowledge on retinoid ligands and non-retinoid modulators of the light-sensing GPCR, rhodopsin and their potential in combating the specific vision-related pathologies. Also, recent findings reporting the potential of biologically active compounds derived from natural products as potent rod opsin modulators with beneficial effects against degenerative diseases related to this receptor are highlighted here.
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Zhu Q, Liu M, He Y, Yang B. Quercetin protect cigarette smoke extracts induced inflammation and apoptosis in RPE cells. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2010-2015. [PMID: 31122072 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1608217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in elderly population in the developed world. Dysfunction of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) likely triggers early AMD stages. The effect of Quercetin on the early AMD in-vitro model remained unclear. Methods: The effect of Quercetin in the cell viability was detected with CCK8 methods in control, CSE treated, and CSE with Quercetin treatment group. The apoptotic status in each group was detected with tunnel assay. The oxidative and inflammation biomarkers were detected by ELISA. The expression levels of Keap1/Nrf2/ARE in RPE cells were measured by western blot after pretreatment of Quercetin followed by CSE treatment. Results: It was found that Quercetin could improve the cell viability and decrease cellular apoptotic rate in the CSE treated RPE group. The expressions of inflammatory and apoptotic biomarkers were significantly decreased in Quercetin treatment group. Furthermore, Quercetin exerts protective effects via activation Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway in CSE treated RPE cells. Conclusions: Quercetin demonstrated significant protective effects in an in-vitro model of early AMD and it might be a new therapeutic strategy for the management of early AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhu
- a Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxi Liu
- b Department of Orthopedic Traumatology, First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin , People's Republic of China, China
| | - Yuxi He
- a Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Yang
- a Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , People's Republic of China
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Jo YD, Kim J, Choung SY. Protective effects of quercetin-3-O-α-l-arabinopyranoside against UVA induced apoptosis via regulating inflammatory pathways in ARPE-19 cells and Balb/c mice. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Dietary Polyphenols in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Protection against Oxidative Stress and Beyond. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9682318. [PMID: 31019656 PMCID: PMC6451822 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9682318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial disease of the retina featured by degeneration and loss of photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells with oxidative stress playing a role in its pathology. Although systematic reviews do not support the protective role of diet rich in antioxidants against AMD, dietary polyphenols (DPs) have been reported to have beneficial effects on vision. Some of them, such as quercetin and cyanidin-3-glucoside, can directly scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the presence of two hydroxyl groups in their B ring structure. Apart from direct ROS scavenging, DPs can lower oxidative stress in several other pathways. Many DPs induce NRF2 (nuclear factor, erythroid 2-like 2) activation and expression of phase II enzymes that are under transcriptional control of this factor. DPs can inhibit A2E photooxidation in RPE cells, which is a source of oxidative stress. Anti-inflammatory action of DPs in RPE cells is associated with regulation of various interleukins and signaling pathways, including IL-6/JAK2 (Janus kinase 2)/STAT3. Some DPs can improve impaired cellular waste clearance, including AMD-specific deficient phagocytosis of the Aβ42 peptide and autophagy.
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Moine E, Brabet P, Guillou L, Durand T, Vercauteren J, Crauste C. New Lipophenol Antioxidants Reduce Oxidative Damage in Retina Pigment Epithelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:E197. [PMID: 30572579 PMCID: PMC6315395 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7120197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial pathology and its progression is exacerbated by oxidative stress. Oxidation and photo-oxidation reactions modify lipids in retinal cells, contribute to tissue injury, and lead to the formation of toxic adducts. In particular, autofluorescent pigments such as N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E) accumulate as lipofuscin in retinal pigment epithelial cells, contribute to the production of additional reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lead to cell degeneration. In an effort to develop efficient antioxidants to reduce damage caused by lipid oxidation, various natural polyphenols were structurally modified to increase their lipophilicity (lipophenols). In this study, resveratrol, phloroglucinol, quercetin and catechin were selected and conjugated to various polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) using classical chemical strategies or enzymatic reactions. After screening for cytotoxicity, the capacity of the synthesized lipophenols to reduce ROS production was evaluated in ARPE-19 cells subjected to H₂O₂ treatment using a dichlorofluorescein diacetate probe. The positions of the PUFA on the polyphenol core appear to influence the antioxidant effect. In addition, two lipophenolic quercetin derivatives were evaluated to highlight their potency in protecting ARPE-19 cells against A2E photo-oxidation toxicity. Quercetin conjugated to linoleic or α-linolenic acid were promising lipophilic antioxidants, as they protected ARPE-19 cells from A2E-induced cell death more effectively than the parent polyphenol, quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Espérance Moine
- Institute of Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247-CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Faculty of Pharmacy, 15 av. Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier, France.
| | - Philippe Brabet
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM U1051-UM, Hospital St Eloi, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier, France.
| | - Laurent Guillou
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM U1051-UM, Hospital St Eloi, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier, France.
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institute of Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247-CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Faculty of Pharmacy, 15 av. Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier, France.
| | - Joseph Vercauteren
- Institute of Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247-CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Faculty of Pharmacy, 15 av. Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier, France.
| | - Céline Crauste
- Institute of Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247-CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Faculty of Pharmacy, 15 av. Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier, France.
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