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José Habib Moraes F, Torres Coimbra de Sá Balbina F, Procópio Alves L, Uchoa Fernandes A, Munin E. Avalanche-assisted transient optical phenomenon in aggregated toluidine blue dye. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 315:124291. [PMID: 38643559 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Pulse-modulated CW laser heat deposition modulates the darkness or the transparency of an aggregated medium in the high signal optical regimen. A recently reported work found that transient optical responses of molecular aggregates can be different depending on whether the sample is excited with a laser wavelength tuned within the absorption band of the monomer or within the absorption band of the aggregates. The different transient responses were attributed to different dynamic processes during the laser-induced disassembling of the molecular aggregates and may have implications in the field of organic electronics and optical devices, such as optical logical gates, optical power limiters and all-optical switching. In this paper laser beams with wavelengths of 663 nm and 532 nm were used to produce sudden changes in the thermodynamic equilibrium of the aggregation states of the ortho-toluidine blue dye, which allowed to observe the occurrence of the avalanche - mediated transient phenomenon in the laser-induced disassembling of ortho-toluidine blue (TBO) aggregates. A double exponential model was adjusted to the registered transient data. The obtained values for the fast components of the transient time responses of ortho-toluidine blue dye, for the studied concentrations, ranged from ∼ 6.5 to 9.5 ms at 532 nm, and from ∼ 43 to 48 ms at 663 nm. A single beam experiment was employed to evaluate the performance of the ortho-toluidine blue dye in a beam power-damping device, driven by the simultaneous and cooperative actions of the laser induced disassembling of aggregated dye units and the thermal lensing effect. It was found that the phenomenon of laser-induced dye disassembling of TBO, acting cooperatively with the thermal lensing effect, damps the laser beam power faster than the thermal lensing phenomenon alone. In addition, the results showed that the speed of the laser beam power-damping is dye dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando José Habib Moraes
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Anhembi Morumbi University (UAM), Rodovia Dr Altino Bondensan 500, São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Leandro Procópio Alves
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Anhembi Morumbi University (UAM), Rodovia Dr Altino Bondensan 500, São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil; Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE), Rodovia Dr Altino Bondensan 500, São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil
| | - Adjaci Uchoa Fernandes
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Anhembi Morumbi University (UAM), Rodovia Dr Altino Bondensan 500, São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil; Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE), Rodovia Dr Altino Bondensan 500, São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil
| | - Egberto Munin
- Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE), Rodovia Dr Altino Bondensan 500, São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil.
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Gonçalves JMLA, Monteiro CM, Machado GB, Pavani C. The combination of methylene blue and sodium dodecyl sulfate enhances the antimicrobial photodynamic therapy of Candida albicans at lower light parameters. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103583. [PMID: 37094609 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growth of resistant microorganisms has been a challenge for health systems. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) has gained attention due to its effects on resistant strains. Recently, it was shown that the association of methylene blue (MB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is an effective strategy to increase the effect of aPDT; however, it is unknown which are the best light parameters (such as irradiance and radiant exposure, RE), to reach the most effective protocols. This work aimed to evaluate the light parameters, irradiance, and radiant exposure, in aPDT with MB when conveyed in water compared to MB associated with SDS. METHODS Tests were carried out to quantify the colony-forming units (CFU) of ATCC 10231 strain of Candida albicans when using MB in different media and with different light parameters: Control (water), SDS (0.25%), MB (20 mg/mL), and the MB/SDS at irradiances of 3.7; 11.2; 18.6, and 26.1 mW/cm2 and varied irradiation times to reach radiant exposures of 4.4; 17.8; 26.7, and 44 J/cm². RESULTS The results showed that aPDT with MB/SDS had a higher antimicrobial effect than MB when conveyed in water. Furthermore, for the highest irradiance studied (26.1 mW/cm2), CFU decreases exponentially with increasing RE from 4.4 up to 44J/cm2. Similarly, at a fixed RE, the higher the irradiance used, the higher the antimicrobial effect was observed, except for the lowest RE studied (4.4 J/cm2). CONCLUSIONS aPDT with MB/SDS had a greater antimicrobial action at the lower light parameters when compared to MB conveyed in water. The authors suggest the use of RE above 18 J/cm2 and irradiance above 26mW/cm2 since at the mentioned parameters the increase in its value caused a greater antimicrobial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Marcelo Lacerda Alves Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biofotônica Aplicada às Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Nove de Julho - UNINOVE, Rua Vergueiro 235-249, 01504-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Montovam Monteiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biofotônica Aplicada às Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Nove de Julho - UNINOVE, Rua Vergueiro 235-249, 01504-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Benedito Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biofotônica Aplicada às Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Nove de Julho - UNINOVE, Rua Vergueiro 235-249, 01504-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Christiane Pavani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biofotônica Aplicada às Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Nove de Julho - UNINOVE, Rua Vergueiro 235-249, 01504-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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de Almeida DRQ, Dos Santos AF, Wailemann RAM, Terra LF, Gomes VM, Arini GS, Bertoldi ERM, Reis EM, Baptista MS, Labriola L. Necroptosis activation is associated with greater methylene blue-photodynamic therapy-induced cytotoxicity in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 22:729-744. [PMID: 36495407 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00347-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) are the fourth leading cause of death due to neoplasms. In view of the urgent need of effective treatments for PDAC, photodynamic therapy (PDT) appears as a promising alternative. However, its efficacy against PDAC and the mechanisms involved in cell death induction remain unclear. In this study, we set out to evaluate PDT's cytotoxicity using methylene blue (MB) as a photosensitizer (PS) (MB-PDT) and to evaluate the contribution of necroptosis in its effect in human PDAC cells. Our results demonstrated that MB-PDT induced significant death of different human PDAC models presenting two different susceptibility profiles. This effect was independent of MB uptake or its subcellular localization. We found that the ability of triggering necroptosis was determinant to increase the treatment efficiency. Analysis of single cell RNA-seq data from normal and neoplastic human pancreatic tissues showed that specific necroptosis proteins RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL presented significant higher expression levels in cells displaying a transformed phenotype providing further support to the use of approaches that activate necroptosis, like MB-PDT, as useful adjunct to surgery of PDAC to tackle the problem of microscopic residual disease as well as to minimize the chance of local and metastatic recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria R Q de Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Cidade Universitária, Block 09, Room 976, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ancély F Dos Santos
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Cidade Universitária, Block 09, Room 976, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Rosangela A M Wailemann
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Cidade Universitária, Block 09, Room 976, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Letícia F Terra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Cidade Universitária, Block 09, Room 976, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Vinícius M Gomes
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Cidade Universitária, Block 09, Room 976, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Gabriel S Arini
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Cidade Universitária, Block 09, Room 976, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ester R M Bertoldi
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Cidade Universitária, Block 09, Room 976, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Reis
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Cidade Universitária, Block 09, Room 976, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Maurício S Baptista
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Cidade Universitária, Block 09, Room 976, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Leticia Labriola
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Cidade Universitária, Block 09, Room 976, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil.
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Matveev AT, Varlamova LA, Konopatsky AS, Leybo DV, Volkov IN, Sorokin PB, Fang X, Shtansky DV. A New Insight into the Mechanisms Underlying the Discoloration, Sorption, and Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Solutions with and without BNO x Nanocatalysts. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15228169. [PMID: 36431653 PMCID: PMC9693246 DOI: 10.3390/ma15228169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Methylene blue (MB) is widely used as a test material in photodynamic therapy and photocatalysis. These applications require an accurate determination of the MB concentration as well as the factors affecting the temporal evolution of the MB concentration. Optical absorbance is the most common method used to estimate MB concentration. This paper presents a detailed study of the dependence of the optical absorbance of aqueous methylene blue (MB) solutions in a concentration range of 0.5 to 10 mg·L-1. The nonlinear behavior of optical absorbance as a function of MB concentration is described for the first time. A sharp change in optical absorption is observed in the range of MB concentrations from 3.33 to 4.00 mg·L-1. Based on the analysis of the absorption spectra, it is concluded that this is due to the formation of MB dimers and trimers in the specific concentration range. For the first time, a strong, thermally induced discoloration effect of the MB solution under the influence of visible and sunlight was revealed: the simultaneous illumination and heating of MB solutions from 20 to 80 °C leads to a twofold decrease in the MB concentration in the solution. Exposure to sunlight for 120 min at a temperature of 80 °C led to the discoloration of the MB solution by more than 80%. The thermally induced discoloration of MB solutions should be considered in photocatalytic experiments when tested solutions are not thermally stabilized and heated due to irradiation. We discuss whether MB is a suitable test material for photocatalytic experiments and consider this using the example of a new photocatalytic material-boron oxynitride (BNOx) nanoparticles-with 4.2 and 6.5 at.% of oxygen. It is shown that discoloration is a complex process and includes the following mechanisms: thermally induced MB photodegradation, MB absorption on BNOx NPs, self-sensitizing MB photooxidation, and photocatalytic MB degradation. Careful consideration of all these processes makes it possible to determine the photocatalytic contribution to the discoloration process when using MB as a test material. The photocatalytic activity of BNOx NPs containing 4.2 and 6.5 at.% of oxygen, estimated at ~440 μmol·g-1·h-1. The obtained results are discussed based on the results of DFT calculations considering the effect of MB sorption on its self-sensitizing photooxidation activity. A DFT analysis of the MB sorption capacity with BNOx NPs shows that surface oxygen defects prevent the sorption of MB molecules due to their planar orientation over the BNOx surface. To enhance the sorption capacity, surface oxygen defects should be eliminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei T. Matveev
- Research Laboratory Inorganic Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Leninskiy Prospect 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (A.T.M.); (D.V.S.)
| | - Liubov A. Varlamova
- Research Laboratory Inorganic Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Leninskiy Prospect 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton S. Konopatsky
- Research Laboratory Inorganic Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Leninskiy Prospect 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis V. Leybo
- Research Laboratory Inorganic Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Leninskiy Prospect 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilia N. Volkov
- Research Laboratory Inorganic Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Leninskiy Prospect 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel B. Sorokin
- Research Laboratory Inorganic Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Leninskiy Prospect 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Xiaosheng Fang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dmitry V. Shtansky
- Research Laboratory Inorganic Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Leninskiy Prospect 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (A.T.M.); (D.V.S.)
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5
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Application of chemometric method and computational analysis in the spectroscopic study of Azure A dimerization. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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The photodynamic and intrinsic effects of Azure B on mitochondrial bioenergetics and the consequences of its intrinsic effects on hepatic energy metabolism. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 35:102446. [PMID: 34289416 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to characterize the intrinsic and photodynamic effects of azure B (AB) on mitochondrial bioenergetics, as well as the consequences of its intrinsic effects on hepatic energy metabolism. METHODS Two experimental systems were utilized: (a) isolated rat liver mitochondria and (b) isolated perfused rat liver. RESULTS AB interacted with mitochondria regardless of photostimulation, but its binding degree was reduced by mitochondrial energization. Under photostimulation, AB caused lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation and decreased the content of reduced glutathione (GSH) in mitochondria. AB impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics in at least three distinct ways: (1) uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation; (2) photoinactivation of complexes I and II; and (3) photoinactivation of the FoF1-ATP synthase complex. Without photostimulation, AB also demonstrated mitochondrial toxicity, which was characterized by the induction of lipid peroxidation, loss of inner mitochondrial membrane integrity, and uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. The perfused rat liver experiments showed that mitochondria were one of the major targets of AB, even in intact cells. AB inhibited gluconeogenesis and ureagenesis, two biosynthetic pathways strictly dependent on intramitochondrially generated ATP. Contrariwise, AB stimulated glycogenolysis and glycolysis, which are required compensatory pathways for the inhibited oxidative phosphorylation. Similarly, AB reduced the cellular ATP content and the ATP/ADP and ATP/AMP ratios. CONCLUSIONS Although the properties and severe photodynamic effects of AB on rat liver mitochondria might suggest its usefulness in PDT treatment of liver tumors, this possibility should be considered with precaution given the toxic intrinsic effects of AB on mitochondrial bioenergetics and energy-linked hepatic metabolism.
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Kostjukova LO, Leontieva SV, Kostjukov VV. The vibronic absorption spectrum and electronic properties of Azure B in aqueous solution: TD-DFT/DFT study. J Mol Graph Model 2021; 107:107964. [PMID: 34147837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.107964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The vibronic absorption spectrum of Azure B (AB) in an aqueous solution is calculated using the time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). The results of calculations are analyzed using all hybrid functionals supported by Gaussian16, the 6-31++G(d,p) basis set, and the IEFPCM and SMD solvent models. The solvent model IEFPCM gave significantly underestimated values of λmax in comparison with the experiment. This is a manifestation of the TD-DFT "cyanine failure". However, the SMD model made it possible to obtain good agreement between the calculation results and experimental data. The best fit was achieved using the X3LYP functional. According to our calculations, the shoulder in the visible absorption spectrum of AB has a vibronic origin. However, the calculated shoulder is weaker than the experimental one. Explicit assignment of two water molecules, which form strong hydrogen bonds with a dye molecule, leads to a shift of the calculated absorption spectrum to longer wavelengths by approximately 17 nm but does not lead to an improvement in its shape. Comparative analysis of the calculated vibronic absorption spectra of Azure B with those obtained earlier for Azure A and methylene blue showed that the presence and intensity of the short-wavelength shoulder are determined by the location of the bands of higher vibronic transitions relative to the band of the 00 → 00 main transitions. Photoexcitation leads to an increase in the dipole moment of the dye molecule. An insignificant photoinduced electron transfer was found in the central ring of the chromophore of the dye molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila O Kostjukova
- Physics Department, Nakhimov Black Sea Higher Naval School, Dybenko st.,1a, Sevastopol, Crimea, 299028, Ukraine
| | - Svetlana V Leontieva
- Physics Department, Nakhimov Black Sea Higher Naval School, Dybenko st.,1a, Sevastopol, Crimea, 299028, Ukraine
| | - Victor V Kostjukov
- Physics Department, Sevastopol State University, Universitetskaya st., 33, Sevastopol, Crimea, 299053, Ukraine.
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de Souza BTL, Klosowski EM, Mito MS, Constantin RP, Mantovanelli GC, Mewes JM, Bizerra PFV, da Silva FSI, Menezes PVMDC, Gilglioni EH, Utsunomiya KS, Marchiosi R, Dos Santos WD, Ferrarese-Filho O, Caetano W, de Souza Pereira PC, Gonçalves RS, Constantin J, Ishii-Iwamoto EL, Constantin RP. The photosensitiser azure A disrupts mitochondrial bioenergetics through intrinsic and photodynamic effects. Toxicology 2021; 455:152766. [PMID: 33775737 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Azure A (AA) is a cationic molecule of the class of phenothiazines that has been applied in vitro as a photosensitising agent in photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy. It is a di-demethylated analogue of methylene blue (MB), which has been demonstrated to be intrinsically and photodynamically highly active on mitochondrial bioenergetics. However, as far as we know, there are no studies about the photodynamic effects of AA on mammalian mitochondria. Therefore, this investigation aimed to characterise the intrinsic and photodynamic acute effects of AA (0.540 μM) on isolated rat liver mitochondria, isolated hepatocytes, and isolated perfused rat liver. The effects of AA were assessed by evaluating several parameters of mitochondrial bioenergetics, oxidative stress, cell viability, and hepatic energy metabolism. The photodynamic effects of AA were assessed under simulated hypoxic conditions, a suitable way for mimicking the microenvironment of hypoxic solid tumour cells. AA interacted with the mitochondria and, upon photostimulation (10 min of light exposure), produced toxic amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which damaged the organelle, as demonstrated by the high levels of lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation. The photostimulated AA also depleted the GSH pool, which could compromise the mitochondrial antioxidant defence. Bioenergetically, AA photoinactivated the complexes I, II, and IV of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and the F1FO-ATP synthase complex, sharply inhibiting the oxidative phosphorylation. Upon photostimulation (10 min of light exposure), AA reduced the efficiency of mitochondrial energy transduction and oxidatively damaged lipids in isolated hepatocytes but did not decrease the viability of cells. Despite the useful photobiological properties, AA presented noticeable dark toxicity on mitochondrial bioenergetics, functioning predominantly as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation. This harmful effect of AA was evidenced in isolated hepatocytes, in which AA diminished the cellular ATP content. In this case, the cells exhibited signs of cell viability reduction in the presence of high AA concentrations, but only after a long time of incubation (at least 90 min). The impairments on mitochondrial bioenergetics were also clearly manifested in intact perfused rat liver, in which AA diminished the cellular ATP content and stimulated the oxygen uptake. Consequently, gluconeogenesis and ureogenesis were strongly inhibited, whereas glycogenolysis and glycolysis were stimulated. AA also promoted the release of cytosolic and mitochondrial enzymes into the perfusate concomitantly with inhibition of oxygen consumption. In general, the intrinsic and photodynamic effects of AA were similar to those of MB, but AA caused some distinct effects such as the photoinactivation of the complex IV of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and a diminution of the ATP levels in the liver. It is evident that AA has the potential to be used in mitochondria-targeted photodynamic therapy, even under low oxygen concentrations. However, the fact that AA directly disrupts mitochondrial bioenergetics and affects several hepatic pathways that are linked to ATP metabolism, along with its ability to perturb cellular membranes and its little potential to reduce cell viability, could result in significant adverse effects especially in long-term treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byanca Thais Lima de Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Makiyama Klosowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Márcio Shigueaki Mito
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Renato Polimeni Constantin
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Gislaine Cristiane Mantovanelli
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Morais Mewes
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Francisco Veiga Bizerra
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Sayuri Itou da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Vinicius Moreira da Costa Menezes
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Hideo Gilglioni
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Karina Sayuri Utsunomiya
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Rogério Marchiosi
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Wanderley Dantas Dos Santos
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Osvaldo Ferrarese-Filho
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Wilker Caetano
- Department of Chemistry, Research Nucleus in Photodynamic System, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Cesar de Souza Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, Research Nucleus in Photodynamic System, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Renato Sonchini Gonçalves
- Department of Chemistry, Research Nucleus in Photodynamic System, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Jorgete Constantin
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Emy Luiza Ishii-Iwamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Polimeni Constantin
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
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Contreras A, Raxworthy MJ, Wood S, Tronci G. Hydrolytic Degradability, Cell Tolerance and On-Demand Antibacterial Effect of Electrospun Photodynamically Active Fibres. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E711. [PMID: 32751391 PMCID: PMC7465204 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamically active fibres (PAFs) are a novel class of stimulus-sensitive systems capable of triggering antibiotic-free antibacterial effect on-demand when exposed to light. Despite their relevance in infection control, however, the broad clinical applicability of PAFs has not yet been fully realised due to the limited control in fibrous microstructure, cell tolerance and antibacterial activity in the physiologic environment. We addressed this challenge by creating semicrystalline electrospun fibres with varying content of poly[(l-lactide)-co-(glycolide)] (PLGA), poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and methylene blue (MB), whereby the effect of polymer morphology, fibre composition and photosensitiser (PS) uptake on wet state fibre behaviour and functions was studied. The presence of crystalline domains and PS-polymer secondary interactions proved key to accomplishing long-lasting fibrous microstructure, controlled mass loss and controlled MB release profiles (37 °C, pH 7.4, 8 weeks). PAFs with equivalent PLGA:PCL weight ratio successfully promoted attachment and proliferation of L929 cells over a 7-day culture with and without light activation, while triggering up to 2.5 and 4 log reduction in E. coli and S. mutans viability, respectively. These results support the therapeutic applicability of PAFs for frequently encountered bacterial infections, opening up new opportunities in photodynamic fibrous systems with integrated wound healing and infection control capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Contreras
- Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.C.); (M.J.R.)
| | - Michael J. Raxworthy
- Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.C.); (M.J.R.)
- Neotherix Ltd., The Hiscox Building, Peasholme Green, York YO1 7PR, UK
| | - Simon Wood
- School of Dentistry, St. James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK;
| | - Giuseppe Tronci
- School of Dentistry, St. James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK;
- Clothworkers Centre for Textile Materials Innovation for Healthcare, School of Design, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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10
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Binns TC, Ayala AX, Grimm JB, Tkachuk AN, Castillon GA, Phan S, Zhang L, Brown TA, Liu Z, Adams SR, Ellisman MH, Koyama M, Lavis LD. Rational Design of Bioavailable Photosensitizers for Manipulation and Imaging of Biological Systems. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:1063-1072.e7. [PMID: 32698018 PMCID: PMC7483975 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Light-mediated chemical reactions are powerful methods for manipulating and interrogating biological systems. Photosensitizers, compounds that generate reactive oxygen species upon excitation with light, can be utilized for numerous biological experiments, but the repertoire of bioavailable photosensitizers is limited. Here, we describe the synthesis, characterization, and utility of two photosensitizers based upon the widely used rhodamine scaffold and demonstrate their efficacy for chromophore-assisted light inactivation, cell ablation in culture and in vivo, and photopolymerization of diaminobenzidine for electron microscopy. These chemical tools will facilitate a broad range of applications spanning from targeted destruction of proteins to high-resolution imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Binns
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA; Graduate School, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Anthony X Ayala
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Jonathan B Grimm
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Ariana N Tkachuk
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Guillaume A Castillon
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sebastien Phan
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Timothy A Brown
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Zhe Liu
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Stephen R Adams
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mark H Ellisman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Minoru Koyama
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Luke D Lavis
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA.
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11
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Alves da Collina G, Freire F, da Silva Barbosa V, Bento Correa C, Reis Nascimento H, Ratto Tempestini Horliana AC, Teixeira da Silva DDF, Araujo Prates R, Pavani C. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy action of phenothiazinium dyes in planktonic Candida albicans is increased in sodium dodecyl sulfate. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 29:101612. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.101612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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12
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Galstyan A, Dobrindt U. Determining and unravelling origins of reduced photoinactivation efficacy of bacteria in milk. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 197:111554. [PMID: 31326843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is an endemic disease of dairy cattle that is considered to be one of the most frequent and costly diseases in veterinary medicine. An increase in the incidence of disease results in the increased use of antibiotics, which in turn increases the potential of bacterial resistance. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the treatment of bovine mastitis, as an alternative to systemic antibiotics. To identify the key factors affecting photoinactivation efficacy, realistic experiments in view of the end-use were conducted in milk samples using two different photosensitizers: methylene blue (MB) and silicon (IV) phthalocyanine derivative (SiPc). We explored the effects of divalent ions and fat content on the aPDT outcome and determined influence of different proteins on aPDT efficacy. Levels of bacterial sensitivity to PSs varied depending on the type of bacteria (Gram-positive vs. Gram-negative) and light exposure time. Critical interrelated factors affecting aPDT in milk were identified and an efficient combination of treatment conditions that can lead to a full photodynamic inactivation of bacteria was determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anzhela Galstyan
- Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, Busso-Peus-Straße 10, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Dobrindt
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, Mendelstraße 7, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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13
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Vara J, Gualdesi MS, Aiassa V, Ortiz CS. Evaluation of physicochemical properties and bacterial photoinactivation of phenothiazine photosensitizers. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:1576-1586. [DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00584b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the physicochemical properties and antimicrobial activity of a new monobrominated derivative of Azure B and its parent compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Vara
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Argentina
- UNITEFA-CONICET
| | - María S. Gualdesi
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Argentina
| | - Virginia Aiassa
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Argentina
- UNITEFA-CONICET
| | - Cristina S. Ortiz
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Argentina
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14
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Hu F, Xu S, Liu B. Photosensitizers with Aggregation-Induced Emission: Materials and Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1801350. [PMID: 30066341 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 470] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is arising as a noninvasive treatment modality for cancer and other diseases. One of the key factors to determine the therapeutic function is the efficiency of photosensitizers (PSs). Opposed to traditional PSs, which show quenched fluorescence and reduced singlet oxygen production in the aggregate state, PSs with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) exhibit enhanced fluorescence and strong photosensitization ability in nanoparticles. Here, the design principles of AIE PSs and their biomedical applications are discussed in detail, starting with a summary of traditional PSs, followed by a comparison between traditional and AIE PSs to highlight the various design strategies and unique features of the latter. Subsequently, the applications of AIE PSs in photodynamic cancer cell ablation, bacteria killing, and image-guided therapy are discussed using charged AIE PSs, AIE PS molecular probes, and AIE PS nanoparticles as examples. These studies have demonstrated the great potential of AIE PSs as effective theranostic agents to treat tumor or bacterial infection. This review hopefully will spur more research interest in AIE PSs for future translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Hu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Shidang Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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15
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Silva ES, Machado GB, Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco A, Pavani C. Combination of Natural Extracts and Photobiomodulation in Keratinocytes Subjected to UVA Radiation. Photochem Photobiol 2018; 95:644-649. [PMID: 30267581 DOI: 10.1111/php.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Natural extracts (NE) with antioxidant properties can minimize the effects of photoaging. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has proven to be a useful tool for the modulation of cell metabolism. Here, we investigate the associations of antioxidants with PBM with the aim of promoting skin rejuvenation. We began with standardization of the experimental protocol. Extracts of chamomile, rosemary, blueberry, green tea, figs, pomegranate and nutwood were tested. A custom irradiation system (366 ± 10 nm) was used to simulate sun exposure. A light emitting diode system (640 ± 12.5 nm) was used for PBM. Viability assessments were performed by the (3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) MTT assay method. Based on the results, radiant exposure to UVA was defined as 9 and 1 J cm-2 for PBM. Extract concentrations were established on the basis of dark toxicities, which ranged from 0.01% to 0.3%. The data show that PBM is a promising therapy to restore keratinocytes after UVA damage; however, the detailed mechanism and effects require further exploration. Moreover, although the combination of PBM with NE may be a useful strategy, the choice of a NE is challenging, since the working concentration and other properties, such as photosensitivity, may bring about unwanted results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elineides Santos Silva
- Post Graduate Program of Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Benedito Machado
- Post Graduate Program of Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco
- Post Graduate Program of Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Christiane Pavani
- Post Graduate Program of Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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