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Gong X, Xu Q, Li J, Ma Y, Li X, Wu W, Wang H. Hydrophobic Mn-Doped Solid-State Red-Emitting Carbon Nanodots with AIE Effect and Their Hydrogel Composites for Color-Changing Anticounterfeiting. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304673. [PMID: 37731094 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation-caused quenching has always limited the high concentration and solid-state applications of carbon nanodots. While the aggregation-induced emission effect, dominated by intramolecular motion, may be an effective means to solve this problem. Here, hydrophobic solid-state red-light carbon nanodots (M-CDs) with 95% yield are synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method using 2,2'-dithiodibenzoic acid as the carbon source and manganese acetate as the dopant source. The disulfide bond of 2,2'-dithiodibenzoic acid serves as the symmetry center of molecular rotation and Mn catalyzes the synthesis of M-CDs, which promotes the formation of the central graphitic carbon structure. The M-CDs/agar hydrogel composites can achieve fluorescence transition behavior because of the special fluorescence transition properties of M-CDs. When this composite hydrogel is placed in water, water molecules contact with M-CDs through the network structure of the hydrogels, making the aggregated hydrogels of M-CDs fluorescence orange-red under 365 nm excitation. While in dimethyl sulfoxide, water molecules in the hydrogels network are replaced and the M-CDs fluoresce blue when dispersed, providing a potential application in information encryption. In addition, high-performance monochromatic light-emitting diode (LED) devices are prepared by compounding M-CDs with epoxy resin and coating them on 365 nm LED chips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Gong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jiurong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yan Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Wanze Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Hangxiang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, P. R. China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250117, P. R. China
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Das S, Mondal S, Ghosh D. Carbon quantum dots in bioimaging and biomedicines. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1333752. [PMID: 38318419 PMCID: PMC10841552 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1333752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are gaining a lot more attention than traditional semiconductor quantum dots owing to their intrinsic fluorescence property, chemical inertness, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and simple and inexpensive synthetic route of preparation. These properties allow CQDs to be utilized for a broad range of applications in various fields of scientific research including biomedical sciences, particularly in bioimaging and biomedicines. CQDs are a promising choice for advanced nanomaterials research for bioimaging and biomedicines owing to their unique chemical, physical, and optical properties. CQDs doped with hetero atom, or polymer composite materials are extremely advantageous for biochemical, biological, and biomedical applications since they are easy to prepare, biocompatible, and have beneficial properties. This type of CQD is highly useful in phototherapy, gene therapy, medication delivery, and bioimaging. This review explores the applications of CQDs in bioimaging and biomedicine, highlighting recent advancements and future possibilities to increase interest in their numerous advantages for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
| | - Somnath Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Dhiman Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Zurich, Switzerland
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Lu B, Chen X, Ouyang X, Li Z, Yang X, Khan Z, Duan S, Shen H. The roles of novel chitooligosaccharide-peanut oligopeptide carbon dots in improving the flavor quality of Chinese cabbage. Food Chem X 2023; 20:100963. [PMID: 38144843 PMCID: PMC10740055 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs), a novel type of nanomaterial, play crucial roles in the agriculture field. However, it remains unclear their impacts on the flavor quality of vegetables. The present study synthesized a novel chitooligosaccharide-peanut oligopeptide-carbon dots (COS-POP-CDs) material through the chitooligosaccharide (COS) and peanut oligopeptide (POP) high temperature Maillard reactions and studied its effect on the flavor quality of Chinese cabbage (Choy sum). Results indicated that COS-POP-CDs emit blue visible light that readily absorbed by chloroplasts, while also demonstrating some degree of antibacterial and antioxidant activities. After transplanting of Choy sum, foliar spraying 0.12 mg/mL COS-POP-CDs twice can increase the content of soluble proteins, Vitamin C, and enhance the strawberry and spicy flavors of Choy Sum. After harvest of Choy Sum, foliar spraying 0.12 mg/mL COS-POP-CDs once can slow down the spoilage. These results suggest that COS-POP-CDs have significant potential to improve crop quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bosi Lu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xin Ouyang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Zhiming Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Xujian Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Zaid Khan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Songpo Duan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Hong Shen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
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Ullah I, Suliman H, Alamzeb M, Abid OUR, Sohail M, Ullah M, Haleem A, Omer M. An insight into recent developments of copper, silver and gold carbon dots: cancer diagnostics and treatment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1292641. [PMID: 38162182 PMCID: PMC10757632 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1292641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most fatal diseases globally, however, advancement in the field of nanoscience specifically novel nanomaterials with nano-targeting of cancer cell lines has revolutionized cancer diagnosis and therapy and has thus attracted the attention of researchers of related fields. Carbon Dots (CDs)-C-based nanomaterials-have emerged as highly favorable candidates for simultaneous bioimaging and therapy during cancer nano-theranostics due to their exclusive innate FL and theranostic characteristics exhibited in different preclinical results. Recently, different transition metal-doped CDs have enhanced the effectiveness of CDs manifold in biomedical applications with minimum toxicity. The use of group-11 (Cu, Ag and Au) with CDs in this direction have recently gained the attention of researchers because of their encouraging results. This review summarizes the current developments of group-11 (Cu, Ag and Au) CDs for early diagnosis and therapy of cancer including their nanocomposites, nanohybrids and heterostructures etc. All The manuscript highlights imaging applications (FL, photoacoustic, MRI etc.) and therapeutic applications (phototherapy, photodynamic, multimodal etc.) of Cu-, Ag- and Au-doped CDs reported as nanotheranostic agents for cancer treatment. Sources of CDs and metals alogwith applications to give a comparative analysis have been given in the tabulated form at the end of manuscript. Further, future prospects and challenges have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Ullah
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
| | - Hazrat Suliman
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Muhammad Sohail
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
| | - Mohib Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS), Takatu Campus, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Haleem
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Muhammad Omer
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
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Cheng B, Yang Z, Chen F, Yue L, Cao X, Li J, Qian HL, Yan XP, Wang C, Wang Z. Biomass-derived carbon dots with light conversion and nutrient provisioning capabilities facilitate plant photosynthesis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:165973. [PMID: 37532034 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs)-enabled agriculture has been developing rapidly, but small-scale synthesis and high costs hinder the agricultural application of CDs. Herein, biomass-derived carbon dots (B-CDs) were prepared on a gram-level with low cost, and these B-CDs significantly improved crop photosynthesis. The B-CDs, exhibiting small size and blue fluorescence, were absorbed by crops and enhanced photosynthesis via light-harvesting. Foliar application of B-CDs (10 mg·kg-1) could promote chlorophyll synthesis (30-100 %), Ferredoxin (Fd, 40-80 %), Rubisco enzyme (20-110 %) and upregulated gene expression (20-70 %), resulting in higher net photosynthetic rates (130-300 %), dry biomass (160-300 %) and fresh biomass (80-150 %). Further, the B-CDs could increase crop photosynthesis under nutrient deficient conditions, which was attributed to the release of nutrients from B-CDs. Therefore, the B-CDs enhanced the photosynthesis via enhancing light conversion and nutrient supply. This study provides a promising material capable of enhancing photosynthesis for sustainable agriculture production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxu Cheng
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zhilin Yang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Feiran Chen
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Le Yue
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xuesong Cao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Hai-Long Qian
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Yan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chuanxi Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, 215009, China
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6
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Kim H, Kim KS, Na K. Nanoparticle platform comprising lipid-tailed pH-sensitive carbon dots with minimal drug loss. J Control Release 2023; 361:373-384. [PMID: 37558052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we synthesized a lipid-mimicking organic material (PCD_FA) that can surpass the efficacy of lipid-based nanoparticles and demonstrated its potential as a delivery vehicle for various hydrophilic drugs. PCD_FA is a conjugate of pH-sensitive carbon dots (PCDs) and fatty acids (FAs) and has potential applications in several fields owing to various combinations of carbon dots (CDs) and FAs. Similar to phospholipids, PCD-FAs have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails that allow them to self-form nanoparticles (Coposomes) in the aqueous phase. Coposomes can easily combine various hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail combinations, and several drugs can be encapsulated, or drug release patterns can be controlled according to each property. We analyzed the differences in size, drug loading efficiency, and drug release patterns of Coposomes depending on the type of FAs and characteristics of the encapsulated drugs. Additionally, cell entry and intracellular drug release mechanisms of the Coposomes were identified. The applicability of Coposomes as drug delivery carriers for tumor treatment has been demonstrated in comparison with that of liposomes formulation in tumor-bearing mouse models. Consequently, this study presents possibilities for the synthesis and application of various amphiphilic lipid-mimicking organic materials via the combination of CDs and FAs with various functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjae Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea; Department of BioMedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Sub Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun Na
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea; Department of BioMedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Yu K, Sun X, Wang R, Lin P, Song L, Shi J, Zhang F, Zhang Y. Persistent luminescent nanoparticles for plant imaging: toward exploring the distribution of nanoparticles in plants. J Mater Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37157979 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00517h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanotoxicology on plants has raised great concerns about the prevalence of nanoparticles (NPs) in ecosystems, and the most fundamental aspect is to assess the fate of NPs in plants. Nonetheless, the lack of high-sensitivity tracking techniques in vivo constraints intensive research on NP distribution in plants. Herein, we have overcome this limitation by first introducing persistent luminescent nanoparticles (PLNPs) as an imaging probe, which can detect the distribution of NPs in whole plants with high sensitivity by completely eliminating interference from autofluorescence. We synthesized two differently surface-charged PLNPs with excellent biosafety and then exposed these NPs to plants in the hydroponic medium. Persistent luminescence (PersL) images visually showed the disparate accumulation of PLNPs in plants. PersL signals of positively charged PLNPs were observed in the whole exposed portion of the plant roots, while negatively charged PLNPs were mainly in the root collars instead of the exposed portion. With prolonged exposure, the presence of PersL signals in leaves indicated the long-distance translocation of differently charged PLNPs from roots to leaves via hypocotyls. For further confirmation of imaging results, the distribution of NPs in plants was investigated using electron microscopy. Based on their unique optical properties, PLNPs provide a promising strategy for tracking NP's fate in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xia Sun
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Ruoping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Peng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Liang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Junpeng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Fangrong Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
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Bazazi S, Hosseini SP, Hashemi E, Rashidzadeh B, Liu Y, Saeb MR, Xiao H, Seidi F. Polysaccharide-based C-dots and polysaccharide/C-dot nanocomposites: fabrication strategies and applications. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:3630-3650. [PMID: 36728615 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr07065k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
C-dots are a new class of materials with vast applications. The synthesis of bio-based C-dots has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Polysaccharides being the most abundant natural materials with high biodegradability and no toxicity have been the focus of researchers for the synthesis of C-dots. C-dots obtained from polysaccharides are generally fabricated via thermal procedures, carbonization, and microwave pyrolysis. Small size, photo-induced electron transfer (PET), and highly adjustable luminosity behavior are the most important physical and chemical properties of C-dots. However, C-dot/polysaccharide composites can be introduced as a new generation of composites that combine the features of both C-dots and polysaccharides having a wide range of applications in biomedicines, biosensors, drug delivery systems, etc. This review demonstrates the features, raw materials, and methods used for the fabrication of C-dots derived from different polysaccharides. Furthermore, the properties, applications, and synthesis conditions of various C-dot/polysaccharide composites are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Bazazi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Seyedeh Parisa Hosseini
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Esmaeil Hashemi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, PO Box 41335-1914, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Yuqian Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3 Canada.
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Li S, Chen H, Liu X, Li P, Wu W. Nanocellulose as a promising substrate for advanced sensors and their applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 218:473-487. [PMID: 35870627 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanocellulose has broad and promising applications owing to its low density, large specific surface area, high mechanical strength, modifiability, renewability. Recently, nanocellulose has been widely used to fabricate flexible, durable and environmental-friendly sensor substrates. In this contribution, the construction and characteristics of nanocellulose-based sensors are comprehensively reviewed. Various nanocellulose-based sensors are summarized and divided into colorimetric, fluorescent, electronic, electrochemical and SERS types according to the sensing mechanism. This review also introduces the applications of nanocellulose-based sensors in the fields of biomedicine, environmental monitoring, food safety, and wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Haibo Chen
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingyue Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Weibing Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Phan LMT, Cho S. Fluorescent Carbon Dot-Supported Imaging-Based Biomedicine: A Comprehensive Review. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:9303703. [PMID: 35440939 PMCID: PMC9013550 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9303703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) provide distinctive advantages of strong fluorescence, good photostability, high water solubility, and outstanding biocompatibility, and thus are widely exploited as potential imaging agents for in vitro and in vivo bioimaging. Imaging is absolutely necessary when discovering the structure and function of cells, detecting biomarkers in diagnosis, tracking the progress of ongoing disease, treating various tumors, and monitoring therapeutic efficacy, making it an important approach in modern biomedicine. Numerous investigations of CDs have been intensively studied for utilization in bioimaging-supported medical sciences. However, there is still no article highlighting the potential importance of CD-based bioimaging to support various biomedical applications. Herein, we summarize the development of CDs as fluorescence (FL) nanoprobes with different FL colors for potential bioimaging-based applications in living cells, tissue, and organisms, including the bioimaging of various cell types and targets, bioimaging-supported sensing of metal ions and biomolecules, and FL imaging-guided tumor therapy. Current CD-based microscopic techniques and their advantages are also highlighted. This review discusses the significance of advanced CD-supported imaging-based in vitro and in vivo investigations, suggests the potential of CD-based imaging for biomedicine, and encourages the effective selection and development of superior probes and platforms for further biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Minh Tu Phan
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, The University of Danang, Danang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Sungbo Cho
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
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Wang M, Han Z, Huang J, Liao J, Sun Y, Huang H, Wen HR. NaLaMgWO 6:Mn 4+/Pr 3+/Bi 3+ bifunctional phosphors for optical thermometer and plant growth illumination matching phytochrome P R and P FR. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 259:119915. [PMID: 33991813 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phytochromes PR and PFR distributed in different organs of plant can effectively absorb red and far-red light, respectively. Therefore, plant growth can be controlled by changing the ratio of red light to far-red light. The emission of Pr3+ (transition from 3P0→3F2,3) and Mn4+(transition from 2Eg→4A2g) is located at the red and far-red range which matches with the absorption band of PR and PFR, respectively. Herein, NaLaMgWO6:Mn4+/Pr3+/Bi3+ phosphors with improving luminescence properties via Bi3+ doping have been successfully prepared by the sol-gel method. With the variation of temperature, the photoluminescence (PL) of Pr3+/Mn4+ (corresponding to PFR/PR) of titled phosphors can be tuned, which is very useful for controlling the plant growth. Moreover, based on the fluorescence intensity ratios (FIR) of the two activator Mn4+ and Pr3+, the maximum relative sensitivity was approximately 3.39%/K at 298 K. All the results indicated that the titled phosphor is a bifunctional material for plant growth illumination with high matching phytochrome (PR and PFR) and temperature sensing with high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Zhuo Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Junxiang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jinsheng Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| | - Yijian Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Haiping Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - He-Rui Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
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12
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Färkkilä SMA, Kiers ET, Jaaniso R, Mäeorg U, Leblanc RM, Treseder KK, Kang Z, Tedersoo L. Fluorescent nanoparticles as tools in ecology and physiology. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:2392-2424. [PMID: 34142416 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanoparticles (FNPs) have been widely used in chemistry and medicine for decades, but their employment in biology is relatively recent. Past reviews on FNPs have focused on chemical, physical or medical uses, making the extrapolation to biological applications difficult. In biology, FNPs have largely been used for biosensing and molecular tracking. However, concerns over toxicity in early types of FNPs, such as cadmium-containing quantum dots (QDs), may have prevented wide adoption. Recent developments, especially in non-Cd-containing FNPs, have alleviated toxicity problems, facilitating the use of FNPs for addressing ecological, physiological and molecule-level processes in biological research. Standardised protocols from synthesis to application and interdisciplinary approaches are critical for establishing FNPs in the biologists' tool kit. Here, we present an introduction to FNPs, summarise their use in biological applications, and discuss technical issues such as data reliability and biocompatibility. We assess whether biological research can benefit from FNPs and suggest ways in which FNPs can be applied to answer questions in biology. We conclude that FNPs have a great potential for studying various biological processes, especially tracking, sensing and imaging in physiology and ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanni M A Färkkilä
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - E Toby Kiers
- Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, NL-1081 HV, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Raivo Jaaniso
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi Str 1, 50411, Tartu, Tartumaa, Estonia
| | - Uno Mäeorg
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, Cox Science Center, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL, 33124, U.S.A
| | - Kathleen K Treseder
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 3106 Biological Sciences III, Mail Code: 2525, 92697, Irvine, CA, U.S.A
| | - Zhenhui Kang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Leho Tedersoo
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
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13
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Zhang L, Wang Z, Wang H, Dong W, Liu Y, Hu Q, Shuang S, Dong C, Gong X. Nitrogen-doped carbon dots for wash-free imaging of nucleolus orientation. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:183. [PMID: 33970343 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04837-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are a rising star in the field of cellular imaging, especially cytoplasmic imaging, attributing to the super-stable optical performance and ultra-low biological toxicity. Nucleolus can accurately reflect the expression state of a cell and is strongly linked to the occurrence and development of many diseases, so exploring bran-new CDs for nucleolus-orientation imaging with no-wash technology has important theoretical value and practical significance. Herein, nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) with green fluorescence (the relative fluorescence quantum yield of 24.4%) was fabricated by the hydrothermal treatment of m-phenylenediamine and p-aminobenzoic acid. The N-CDs possess small size, bright green fluorescence, abundant surface functional groups, excellent fluorescence stability and good biocompatibility, facilitating that the N-CDs are an excellent imaging reagent for cellular imaging. N-CDs can particularly bind to RNA in nucleoli to enhance their fluorescence, which ensures that the N-CDs can be used in nucleolus-orientation imaging with high specificity and wash-free technique. This study demonstrates that the N-CDs have a significant feasibility to be used for nucleolus-orientation imaging in biomedical analysis and clinical diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiping Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Hu
- College of Food Chemistry and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaojuan Gong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Liu J, Li R, Yang B. Carbon Dots: A New Type of Carbon-Based Nanomaterial with Wide Applications. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:2179-2195. [PMID: 33376780 PMCID: PMC7760469 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 452] [Impact Index Per Article: 113.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs), as a new type of carbon-based nanomaterial, have attracted broad research interest for years, because of their diverse physicochemical properties and favorable attributes like good biocompatibility, unique optical properties, low cost, ecofriendliness, abundant functional groups (e.g., amino, hydroxyl, carboxyl), high stability, and electron mobility. In this Outlook, we comprehensively summarize the classification of CDs based on the analysis of their formation mechanism, micro-/nanostructure and property features, and describe their synthetic methods and optical properties including strong absorption, photoluminescence, and phosphorescence. Furthermore, the recent significant advances in diverse applications, including optical (sensor, anticounterfeiting), energy (light-emitting diodes, catalysis, photovoltaics, supercapacitors), and promising biomedicine, are systematically highlighted. Finally, we envisage the key issues to be challenged, future research directions, and perspectives to show a full picture of CDs-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular
Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular
Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular
Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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15
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Chang H, Yao S, Kang X, Zhang X, Ma N, Zhang M, Li X, Zhang Z. Flexible, Transparent, and Hazy Cellulose Nanopaper with Efficient Near-Infrared Luminescence Fabricated by 2D Lanthanide (Ln = Nd, Yb, or Er) Metal–Organic-Framework-Grafted Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibrils. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:16611-16621. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Shuangquan Yao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
| | - Xiena Kang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Xiya Zhang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Ningning Ma
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Meiyun Zhang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Xinping Li
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China
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16
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Ratiometric assay of mercury ion based on nitrogen-doped carbon dots with two different optical signals: second-order scattering and fluorescence. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:4375-4382. [PMID: 32358647 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02676-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ratiometric assays, which can effectively surmount external interference, have attracted extensive research interests. Herein, a novel ratiometric sensing platform for Hg2+ is designed based on nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) with two different optical signals. Under a single excitation, N-CDs have two emission peaks around 668 nm and 412 nm, which are second-order scattering and fluorescence, respectively. Upon the addition of Hg2+, the weak scattering emission at 668 nm can be increased apparently, while the strong fluorescence intensity at 412 nm is weakened. Moreover, the ratio of scattering intensity to fluorescence intensity is linearly dependent on Hg2+ concentration (0.1-10 μM and 10-30 μM, respectively), and the detection limit is 66 nM. In addition, the ratiometric sensing mechanism is investigated in detail, which is due to the combined effect of aggregation-induced fluorescence quenching and scattering enhancement. Furthermore, the developed sensing approach holds a promising application for Hg2+ detection in actual samples. Graphical abstract.
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17
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Kalita A, Malik AH, Sarma NS. Stimuli-Responsive Naphthalene Diimide as Invisible Ink: A Rewritable Fluorescent Platform for Anti-Counterfeiting. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1074-1080. [PMID: 32003508 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report an approach to combat counterfeiting and storage of valuable information based on the solid-state fluorescence switching behavior of isoniazid functionalized naphthalene diimide (ISO_NDI) in response to an external stimuli (i. e., HCl vapor). The unique feature of ISO_NDI is further utilized to develop an invisible ink (ISO_NDI-PVA) with commercial polymer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). A solid-state fluorescence recovery was observed while loading with HCl vapors. This exclusive property of the material could be applied directly as a security ink for confidential data storage purpose. Based on above strategy, we successfully realized the rewritable application by using ISO_NDI-PVA ink and confirm its practical efficacy on various substrates by creating different patterns. The solid-state fluorescence switching behavior of ISO_NDI-PVA ink exhibited reversible on/off signal for multiple cycles under the influence of HCl/NH3 vapors. Mechanistic investigation supports a clear participation of intermolecular charge transfer (ICT) phenomenon in the solid-state fluorescence switching property. The ease of fabricating the ink with invisible to visible characteristics in response to HCl vapors provides new opportunities for exploring the application of ISO_NDI-PVA as invisible ink for targeted security applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Kalita
- Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati, 781035, Assam, India
| | - Akhtar Hussain Malik
- Department of Higher Education, Government Degree College, Sopore, 193201, Jammu, Kashmir, India
| | - Neelotpal Sen Sarma
- Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati, 781035, Assam, India
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18
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Dong R, Li Y, Li W, Zhang H, Liu Y, Ma L, Wang X, Lei B. Recent developments in luminescent nanoparticles for plant imaging and photosynthesis. J RARE EARTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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Li J, Wang B, Zhang H, Yu J. Carbon Dots-in-Matrix Boosting Intriguing Luminescence Properties and Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1805504. [PMID: 30761756 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201805504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As a new class of luminescent nanomaterials, carbon dots (CDs) have aroused significant interest because of their fascinating photoluminescence properties and potential applications in biological, optoelectronic, and energy-related fields. Strikingly, embedding CDs in host matrices endow them with intriguing luminescent properties, in particular, room temperature phosphorescence and thermally activated delayed fluorescence, due to the confinement effect of the host matrix and the H-bonding interactions between CDs and the matrix. Here, the state-of-the-art strategies for introducing CDs in various host matrices are summarized, such as nanoporous materials, polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, potash alum, layered double hydroxides, amorphous silica, etc. The resultant luminescent properties of the composites and their emission mechanisms are discussed. Their applications in bioimaging, drug delivery/release, sensing, and anticounterfeiting are also presented. Finally, current problems and challenges of CDs-based composites are noted for future development of such luminescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Bolun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hongyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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20
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Wang J, Zhu Y, Wang L. Synthesis and Applications of Red-Emissive Carbon Dots. CHEM REC 2019; 19:2083-2094. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering; Hubei University; Wuhan 430062 China
| | - Yuhua Zhu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering; Hubei University; Wuhan 430062 China
| | - Lei Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Harbin Institute of Technology; Harbin 150001 China
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21
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Lin Y, Zhou J, Qiu Z, Zhou W, Zhang J, Li C, Yu L, Lian S. To tune europium valence by controlling the composition in diphase silicate phosphors. J RARE EARTH 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Gomez IJ, Arnaiz B, Cacioppo M, Arcudi F, Prato M. Nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots for bioimaging and delivery of paclitaxel. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:5540-5548. [PMID: 32254964 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01796d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanodots (CNDs) hold great potential in imaging and drug delivery applications. In this study, nitrogen-doped CNDs (NCNDs) were coupled to the anticancer agent paclitaxel (PTX) through a labile ester bond. NCNDs showed excellent cell viability and endowed the NCND-PTX conjugate with good water solubility. The hybrid integrates the optical properties of the nanodots with the anticancer function of the drug into a single unit. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in breast, cervix, lung, and prostate cancer cell lines by the MTT assay while the cellular uptake was monitored using confocal microscopy. NCND-PTX induced apoptosis in cancer cells exhibiting slightly better anticancer activity compared to the drug alone. Moreover, the course of the NCND-PTX interaction with cancer cells was monitored using an xCELLigence system. The NCND-based conjugate represents a promising platform for bioimaging and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Jennifer Gomez
- Carbon Bionanotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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23
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Yuan W, Wang C, Lei S, Chen J, Lei S, Li Z. Ultraviolet light-, temperature- and pH-responsive fluorescent sensors based on cellulose nanocrystals. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00613j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Intelligent CNC-g-P(AzoC6MA-co-DMAEMA) fluorescent nanosensors present ultraviolet light-, temperature- and pH-responsive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhong Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 201804
- P. R. China
| | - Chunyao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 201804
- P. R. China
| | - Shize Lei
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- P. R. China
| | - Jiangdi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 201804
- P. R. China
| | - Shaorong Lei
- Department of Plastic Surgery
- Xiangya Hospital
- Central South University
- Changsha 410008
- P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Division of General Surgery
- Shanghai Pudong New District Zhoupu Hospital
- Shanghai 201200
- P. R. China
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Gao G, Jiang YW, Yang J, Wu FG. Mitochondria-targetable carbon quantum dots for differentiating cancerous cells from normal cells. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:18368-18378. [PMID: 29143843 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06764j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a series of fluorescent carbon quantum dots (or carbon dots, CDs) with inherent mitochondrial targeting/imaging and cancerous/normal cell differentiation capabilities were prepared by a one-pot solvothermal treatment of glycerol and a silane molecule. Glycerol acted as a solvent and carbon source, and the silane molecule acted as a passivation agent. The as-prepared CDs could specifically and stably (for at least 24 h) visualize mitochondria of various types of cells without the introduction of mitochondria-targeting ligands (such as triphenylphosphonium). In addition, the CDs exhibited extraordinary features including facile synthesis, good water solubility, favorable biocompatibility, and excellent photostability as compared to commercial mitochondrial probes. Moreover, the CDs could efficiently distinguish cancerous cells from normal cells with high fluorescence contrast due to differences in their mitochondrial membrane potentials and substance uptake efficiencies. More importantly, to the best of our knowledge, the present study provides the first example of using CDs to distinguish cancerous cells from normal cells. The remarkable features of mitochondria-targeted imaging and cancerous cell recognition make the CDs an excellent fluorescent probe for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China.
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