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Zhu J, Li Y, Lin X, Han Y, Wu K. Coherent phenomena and dynamics of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals for quantum information technologies. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:1027-1040. [PMID: 38951651 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01922-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Solution-processed colloidal nanocrystals of lead halide perovskites have been intensively investigated in recent years in the context of optoelectronic devices, during which time their quantum properties have also begun to attract attention. Their unmatched ease of synthetic tunability and unique structural, optical and electronic properties, in conjunction with the confinement of carriers in three dimensions, have motivated studies on observing and controlling coherent light-matter interaction in these materials for quantum information technologies. This Review outlines the recent efforts and achievements in this direction. Particularly notable examples are the observation of coherent single-photon emission, evidence for superfluorescence and the realization of room-temperature coherent spin manipulation for ensemble samples, which have not been achieved for prototypical colloidal CdSe nanocrystals that have been under investigation for decades. This Review aims to highlight these results, point out the challenges ahead towards realistic applications and bring together the efforts of multidisciplinary communities in this nascent field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuyang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaoyao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Sheng Y, Chen P, Gao Y, He Y, Li J, Muhammad, Xie X, Cheng C, Yang J, Chang Y, Tong G, Jiang Y. Tuneable Efficient White Emission of Sb 3+/Mn 2+ Co-Doped Lead-Free Perovskites for Single-Component White Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:19175-19183. [PMID: 38573052 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Inorganic lead-free perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) with broadband self-trapped exciton (STEs) emission and low toxicity have shown enormous application prospects in the field of display and lighting. However, white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) based on a single-component material with high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) remain challenging. Here, we demonstrate a novel codoping strategy by introducing Sb3+/Mn2+ ions to achieve the tuneable dual emission in lead-free perovskite Cs3InCl6 NCs. The PLQY increases to 59.64% after doping with Sb3+. The codoped Cs3InCl6 NCs exhibit efficient white light emission due to the energy transfer channel from STEs to Mn2+ ions with PLQY of 51.38%. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been used to verify deeply the effects of Sb3+/Mn2+ doping. WLEDs based on Sb3+/Mn2+-codoped Cs3InCl6 NCs are explored with color rendering index of 85.5 and color coordinate of (0.398, 0.445), which have been successfully applied as photodetector lighting sources. This work provides a new perspective for designing novel lead-free perovskites to achieve single-component WLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Sheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Ping Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanpeng Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yong He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Junchun Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Muhammad
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xiang Xie
- Jianghuai Advance Technology Center, Hefei 230000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Cheng
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingting Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yajing Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Laser Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Tong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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3
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Amara MR, Huo C, Voisin C, Xiong Q, Diederichs C. Impact of Bright-Dark Exciton Thermal Population Mixing on the Brightness of CsPbBr 3 Nanocrystals. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:4265-4271. [PMID: 38557055 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the interplay between bright and dark exciton states is crucial for deciphering the luminescence properties of low-dimensional materials. The origin of the outstanding brightness of lead halide perovskites remains elusive. Here, we analyze temperature-dependent time-resolved photoluminescence to investigate the population mixing between bright and dark exciton sublevels in individual CsPbBr3 nanocrystals in the intermediate confinement regime. We extract bright and dark exciton decay rates and show quantitatively that the decay dynamics can only be reproduced with second-order phonon transitions. Furthermore, we find that any exciton sublevel ordering is compatible with the most likely population transfer mechanism. The remarkable brightness of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals rather stems from a reduced asymmetry between bright-to-dark and dark-to-bright conversion originating from the peculiar second-order phonon-assisted transitions that freeze bright-dark conversion at low temperatures together with the very fast radiative recombination and favorable degeneracy of the bright exciton state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Raouf Amara
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'École Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Cité, F-75005 Paris, France
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Caixia Huo
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
- Institute of Materials/School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Shaoxing Institute of Technology, Shanghai University, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Christophe Voisin
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'École Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Cité, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Qihua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Carole Diederichs
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'École Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Cité, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231 Paris, France
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4
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Posmyk K, Zawadzka N, Łucja Kipczak, Dyksik M, Surrente A, Maude DK, Kazimierczuk T, Babiński A, Molas MR, Bumrungsan W, Chooseng C, Paritmongkol W, Tisdale WA, Baranowski M, Plochocka P. Bright Excitonic Fine Structure in Metal-Halide Perovskites: From Two-Dimensional to Bulk. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4687-4694. [PMID: 38324275 PMCID: PMC10885139 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The optical response of two-dimensional (2D) perovskites, often referred to as natural quantum wells, is primarily governed by excitons, whose properties can be readily tuned by adjusting the perovskite layer thickness. We have investigated the exciton fine structure splitting in the archetypal 2D perovskite (PEA)2(MA)n-1PbnI3n+1 with varying numbers of inorganic octahedral layers n = 1, 2, 3, and 4. We demonstrate that the in-plane excitonic states exhibit splitting and orthogonally oriented dipoles for all confinement regimes. The evolution of the exciton states in an external magnetic field provides further insights into the g-factors and diamagnetic coefficients. With increasing n, we observe a gradual evolution of the excitonic parameters characteristic of a 2D to three-dimensional transition. Our results provide valuable information concerning the evolution of the optoelectronic properties of 2D perovskites with the changing confinement strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Posmyk
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw 50-370, Poland
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228, Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Toulouse, Université Toulouse 3, INSA-T, 38042 Grenoble, Toulouse 31400, France
| | - Natalia Zawadzka
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Łucja Kipczak
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Mateusz Dyksik
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw 50-370, Poland
| | - Alessandro Surrente
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw 50-370, Poland
| | - Duncan K Maude
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228, Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Toulouse, Université Toulouse 3, INSA-T, 38042 Grenoble, Toulouse 31400, France
| | - Tomasz Kazimierczuk
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Adam Babiński
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Maciej R Molas
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Wakul Bumrungsan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Chanisara Chooseng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Watcharaphol Paritmongkol
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - William A Tisdale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michał Baranowski
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw 50-370, Poland
| | - Paulina Plochocka
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw 50-370, Poland
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228, Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Toulouse, Université Toulouse 3, INSA-T, 38042 Grenoble, Toulouse 31400, France
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5
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Zhu C, Boehme SC, Feld LG, Moskalenko A, Dirin DN, Mahrt RF, Stöferle T, Bodnarchuk MI, Efros AL, Sercel PC, Kovalenko MV, Rainò G. Single-photon superradiance in individual caesium lead halide quantum dots. Nature 2024; 626:535-541. [PMID: 38297126 PMCID: PMC10866711 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-07001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The brightness of an emitter is ultimately described by Fermi's golden rule, with a radiative rate proportional to its oscillator strength times the local density of photonic states. As the oscillator strength is an intrinsic material property, the quest for ever brighter emission has relied on the local density of photonic states engineering, using dielectric or plasmonic resonators1,2. By contrast, a much less explored avenue is to boost the oscillator strength, and hence the emission rate, using a collective behaviour termed superradiance. Recently, it was proposed3 that the latter can be realized using the giant oscillator-strength transitions of a weakly confined exciton in a quantum well when its coherent motion extends over many unit cells. Here we demonstrate single-photon superradiance in perovskite quantum dots with a sub-100 picosecond radiative decay time, almost as short as the reported exciton coherence time4. The characteristic dependence of radiative rates on the size, composition and temperature of the quantum dot suggests the formation of giant transition dipoles, as confirmed by effective-mass calculations. The results aid in the development of ultrabright, coherent quantum light sources and attest that quantum effects, for example, single-photon emission, persist in nanoparticles ten times larger than the exciton Bohr radius.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglian Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Simon C Boehme
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Leon G Feld
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Anastasiia Moskalenko
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry N Dirin
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Maryna I Bodnarchuk
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Alexander L Efros
- Center for Computational Materials Science, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC, USA
| | - Peter C Sercel
- Center for Hybrid Organic Inorganic Semiconductors for Energy, Golden, CO, USA.
| | - Maksym V Kovalenko
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| | - Gabriele Rainò
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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D'Amato M, Belzane L, Dabard C, Silly M, Patriarche G, Glorieux Q, Le Jeannic H, Lhuillier E, Bramati A. Highly Photostable Zn-Treated Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals for Efficient Single Photon Generation. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:10228-10235. [PMID: 37930320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Achieving pure single-photon emission is essential for a range of quantum technologies, from quantum computing to quantum key distribution to quantum metrology. Among solid-state quantum emitters, colloidal lead halide perovskite (LHP) nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted considerable interest due to their structural and optical properties, which make them attractive candidates for single-photon sources (SPSs). However, their practical utilization has been hampered by environment-induced instabilities. In this study, we fabricate and characterize in a systematic manner Zn-treated CsPbBr3 colloidal NCs obtained through Zn2+ ion doping at the Pb-site, demonstrating improved stability under dilution and illumination. The doped NCs exhibit high single-photon purity, reduced blinking on a submillisecond time scale, and stability of the bright state even at excitation powers well above saturation. Our findings highlight the potential of this synthesis approach to optimize the performance of LHP-based SPSs, opening up interesting prospects for their integration into nanophotonic systems for quantum technology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna D'Amato
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Cedex 05 Paris, France
| | - Lucien Belzane
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Cedex 05 Paris, France
| | - Corentin Dabard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Silly
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, BP48, F91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Gilles Patriarche
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 10 Bd Thomas Gobert, Palaiseau 91120, France
| | - Quentin Glorieux
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Cedex 05 Paris, France
| | - Hanna Le Jeannic
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Cedex 05 Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Lhuillier
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alberto Bramati
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Cedex 05 Paris, France
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7
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Kutkan S, Dhanabalan B, Lin ML, Tan PH, Schleusener A, Arciniegas MP, Krahne R. Impact of the organic cation on the band-edge emission of two-dimensional lead-bromide perovskites. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:12880-12888. [PMID: 37477377 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02172f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic low-dimensional layered metal-halide perovskites are semiconductors in which the optoelectronic properties can be tuned by the material composition and the design of the layered architecture. While the electronic band structure is mainly determined by the inorganic octahedra lattice, the binding and conformation of the organic cations induces related lattice distortions that can break the symmetry and lead to the splitting of the exciton energy levels, and influence the dielectric confinement. Furthermore, organic-induced lattice deformations lead to offsets in k-space (where k is the wavevector) that go along with the exciton energy level splitting. Hence, the electronic transitions between these levels require the momentum contribution of phonons, and contributions of phonons in the exciton recombination dynamics result in thermal broadening of the emission linewidth. In this work, we investigate the band-edge emission of two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper lead-bromide perovskites synthesized with different organic cations that vary in their binding head group and their alkyl chain length. We find several peaks in the low-temperature photoluminescence spectra, and the number of peaks in the band-edge emission and their decay dynamics depend strongly on the type of organic cation in the material, which we relate to the difference in the inorganic lattice distortions that the cations induce. For two-dimensional layered perovskites with mainly in-plane distortions, induced by short primary ammonium molecules, we find a two-fold splitting of the band edge emission at low temperatures. If also out-of-plane distortions are present, as for the long-chain primary ammoniums, a three-fold splitting is observed. Interestingly, the low-energy peaks of the split series merge into the highest energy peak with increasing temperature. Thermal broadening analysis of the temperature-dependent photoluminescence linewidth in the structures with out-of-plane distortions yields energies that are larger than those reported for the inorganic lattice phonons. This indicates the involvement of either high-frequency oscillations involving the organic cations, or the broadening might be related to higher order phonon scattering processes in the excitonic recombination process. The strong directionality of the phonon modes in the octahedral lattice could promote the involvement of multiple electron-phonon scattering processes in the exciton relaxation dynamics, for example involving modes with orthogonal directionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Kutkan
- Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Balaji Dhanabalan
- Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Miao-Ling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Ping-Heng Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Roman Krahne
- Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy.
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8
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Shinde A, Rajput PK, Makhija U, Tanwar R, Mandal P, Nag A. Emissive Dark Excitons in Monoclinic Two-Dimensional Hybrid Lead Iodide Perovskites. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:6985-6993. [PMID: 37487113 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Typically, bright excitons (XB) emit light in two-dimensional (2D) layered hybrid perovskites. There are also dark excitons (XD), for which radiative recombination is spin-forbidden. Application of a magnetic field can somewhat relax the spin-rule, yielding XD emission. Can we obtain XD light emission in the absence of a magnetic field? Indeed, we observe unusually intense XD emission at ∼7 K for (Rac-MBA)2PbI4, (Rac-4-Br-MBA)2PbI4, and (R-4-Br-MBA)2PbI4 (Rac-MBA: racemic methylbenzylammonium), which crystallize in a lower symmetry monoclinic phase. For comparison, orthorhombic (R-MBA)2PbI4 does not exhibit XD emission. XD has a lower energy than XB, with energy difference ΔE. In monoclinic samples, ΔE ∼ 20 meV is large enough to suppress the thermal excitation of XD to XB, at temperatures <30 K. Consequently, XD recombines by emitting light with a long lifetime (∼205 ns). At higher temperatures, the emission switches to the spin-allowed XB (lifetime < 1 ns).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Shinde
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
| | - Parikshit Kumar Rajput
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
| | - Urmila Makhija
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
| | - Riteeka Tanwar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
| | - Pankaj Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
| | - Angshuman Nag
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
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9
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Guilloux V, Ghribi A, Majrab S, Margaillan F, Bernard M, Bernardot F, Legrand L, Lhuillier E, Boujdaria K, Chamarro M, Testelin C, Barisien T. Exciton Fine Structure of CsPbCl 3 Nanocrystals: An Interplay of Electron-Hole Exchange Interaction, Crystal Structure, Shape Anisotropy, and Dielectric Mismatch. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37366625 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
In the semiconducting perovskite materials family, the cesium-lead-chloride compound (CsPbCl3) supports robust excitons characterized by a blue-shifted transition and the largest binding energy, thus presenting a high potential to achieve demanding solid-state room-temperature photonic or quantum devices. Here we study the fundamental emission properties of cubic-shaped colloidal CsPbCl3 nanocrystals (NCs), examining in particular individual NC responses using micro-photoluminescence in order to unveil the exciton fine structure (EFS) features. Within this work, NCs with average dimensions ⟨Lα⟩ ≈ 8 nm (α = x, y, z) are studied with a level of dispersity in their dimensions that allows disentangling the effects of size and shape anisotropy in the analysis. We find that most of the NCs exhibit an optical response under the form of a doublet with crossed polarized peaks and an average inter-bright-state splitting, ΔBB ≈ 1.53 meV, but triplets are also observed though being a minority. The origin of the EFS patterns is discussed in the frame of the electron-hole exchange model by taking into account the dielectric mismatch at the NC interface. The different features (large dispersity in the ΔBB values and occasional occurrence of triplets) are reconciled by incorporating a moderate degree of shape anisotropy, observed in the structural characterization, by preserving the relatively high degree of the NC lattice symmetry. The energy distance between the optically inactive state and the bright manifold, ΔBD, is also extracted from time-resolved photoluminescence measurements (ΔBD ≈ 10.7 meV), in good agreement with our theoretical predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Guilloux
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, CNRS UMR 7588, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Amal Ghribi
- LR01ES15 Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux: Structure et Propriétés, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Silbé Majrab
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, CNRS UMR 7588, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Florent Margaillan
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, CNRS UMR 7588, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Bernard
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, CNRS UMR 7588, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Frédérick Bernardot
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, CNRS UMR 7588, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Legrand
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, CNRS UMR 7588, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Lhuillier
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, CNRS UMR 7588, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Kaïs Boujdaria
- LR01ES15 Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux: Structure et Propriétés, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Maria Chamarro
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, CNRS UMR 7588, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Testelin
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, CNRS UMR 7588, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Barisien
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, CNRS UMR 7588, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
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10
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Weinberg D, Park Y, Limmer DT, Rabani E. Size-Dependent Lattice Symmetry Breaking Determines the Exciton Fine Structure of Perovskite Nanocrystals. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 37229762 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The order of bright and dark excitonic states in lead-halide perovskite nanocrystals is debated. It has been proposed that the Rashba effect, driven by lattice-induced symmetry breaking, causes a bright excitonic ground state. Direct measurements of excitonic spectra, however, show the signatures of a dark ground state, bringing the role of the Rashba effect into question. We use an atomistic theory to model the exciton fine structure of perovskite nanocrystals, accounting for realistic lattice distortions. We calculate optical gaps and excitonic features that compare favorably with experimental works. The exciton fine structure splittings show a nonmonotonic size dependence due to a structural transition between cubic and orthorhombic phases. Additionally, the excitonic ground state is found to be dark with spin triplet character, exhibiting a small Rashba coupling. We additionally explore the effects of nanocrystal shape on the fine structure, clarifying observations on polydisperse nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Weinberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yoonjae Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - David T Limmer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Eran Rabani
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center of Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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11
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Amara MR, Said Z, Huo C, Pierret A, Voisin C, Gao W, Xiong Q, Diederichs C. Spectral Fingerprint of Quantum Confinement in Single CsPbBr 3 Nanocrystals. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:3607-3613. [PMID: 37014137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals are promising materials for classical and quantum light emission. To understand these outstanding properties, a thorough analysis of the band-edge exciton emission is needed, which is not reachable in ensemble and room-temperature studies because of broadening effects. Here, we report on a cryogenic-temperature study of the photoluminescence of single CsPbBr3 nanocrystals in the intermediate quantum confinement regime. We reveal the size-dependence of the spectral features observed: the bright triplet exciton energy splittings, the trion and biexciton binding energies, and the optical phonon replica spectrum. In addition, we show that bright triplet energy splittings are consistent with a pure exchange model and that the variety of polarization properties and spectra recorded can be rationalized simply by considering the orientation of the emitting dipoles and the populations of the emitting states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Raouf Amara
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'École Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Cité, F-75005 Paris, France
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Zakaria Said
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'École Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Cité, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Caixia Huo
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Aurélie Pierret
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'École Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Cité, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Voisin
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'École Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Cité, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Weibo Gao
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Qihua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Carole Diederichs
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'École Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Cité, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231 Paris, France
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12
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Zhu C, Nguyen T, Boehme SC, Moskalenko A, Dirin DN, Bodnarchuk MI, Katan C, Even J, Rainò G, Kovalenko MV. Many-Body Correlations and Exciton Complexes in CsPbBr 3 Quantum Dots. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208354. [PMID: 36537857 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
All-inorganic lead-halide perovskite (LHP) (CsPbX3 , X = Cl, Br, I) quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as a competitive platform for classical light-emitting devices (in the weak light-matter interaction regime, e.g., LEDs and laser), as well as for devices exploiting strong light-matter interaction at room temperature. Many-body interactions and quantum correlations among photogenerated exciton complexes play an essential role, for example, by determining the laser threshold, the overall brightness of LEDs, and the single-photon purity in quantum light sources. Here, by combining cryogenic single-QD photoluminescence spectroscopy with configuration-interaction (CI) calculations, the size-dependent trion and biexciton binding energies are addressed. Trion binding energies increase from 7 to 17 meV for QD sizes decreasing from 30 to 9 nm, while the biexciton binding energies increase from 15 to 30 meV, respectively. CI calculations quantitatively corroborate the experimental results and suggest that the effective dielectric constant for biexcitons slightly deviates from the one of the single excitons, potentially as a result of coupling to the lattice in the multiexciton regime. The findings here provide a deep insight into the multiexciton properties in all-inorganic LHP QDs, essential for classical and quantum optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglian Zhu
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Tan Nguyen
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, CNRS, ISCR - UMR6226, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Simon C Boehme
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Anastasiia Moskalenko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry N Dirin
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Maryna I Bodnarchuk
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Claudine Katan
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, CNRS, ISCR - UMR6226, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Jacky Even
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON - UMR6082, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Gabriele Rainò
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V Kovalenko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
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13
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Kirstein E, Kopteva NE, Yakovlev DR, Zhukov EA, Kolobkova EV, Kuznetsova MS, Belykh VV, Yugova IA, Glazov MM, Bayer M, Greilich A. Mode locking of hole spin coherences in CsPb(Cl, Br) 3 perovskite nanocrystals. Nat Commun 2023; 14:699. [PMID: 36755046 PMCID: PMC9908866 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The spin physics of perovskite nanocrystals with confined electrons or holes is attracting increasing attention, both for fundamental studies and spintronic applications. Here, stable [Formula: see text] lead halide perovskite nanocrystals embedded in a fluorophosphate glass matrix are studied by time-resolved optical spectroscopy to unravel the coherent spin dynamics of holes and their interaction with nuclear spins of the 207Pb isotope. We demonstrate the spin mode locking effect provided by the synchronization of the Larmor precession of single hole spins in each nanocrystal in the ensemble that are excited periodically by a laser in an external magnetic field. The mode locking is enhanced by nuclei-induced frequency focusing. An ensemble spin dephasing time [Formula: see text] of a nanosecond and a single hole spin coherence time of T2 = 13 ns are measured. The developed theoretical model accounting for the mode locking and nuclear focusing for randomly oriented nanocrystals with perovskite band structure describes the experimental data very well.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Kirstein
- grid.5675.10000 0001 0416 9637Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - N. E. Kopteva
- grid.5675.10000 0001 0416 9637Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - D. R. Yakovlev
- grid.5675.10000 0001 0416 9637Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany ,grid.4886.20000 0001 2192 9124Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia ,grid.425806.d0000 0001 0656 6476P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - E. A. Zhukov
- grid.5675.10000 0001 0416 9637Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany ,grid.4886.20000 0001 2192 9124Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E. V. Kolobkova
- grid.35915.3b0000 0001 0413 4629ITMO University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia ,grid.437869.70000 0004 0497 4945St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology, 190013 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M. S. Kuznetsova
- grid.15447.330000 0001 2289 6897Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V. V. Belykh
- grid.425806.d0000 0001 0656 6476P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - I. A. Yugova
- grid.15447.330000 0001 2289 6897Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M. M. Glazov
- grid.4886.20000 0001 2192 9124Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M. Bayer
- grid.5675.10000 0001 0416 9637Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - A. Greilich
- grid.5675.10000 0001 0416 9637Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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14
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Universal scaling laws for charge-carrier interactions with quantum confinement in lead-halide perovskites. Nat Commun 2023; 14:229. [PMID: 36646706 PMCID: PMC9842747 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35842-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites open great prospects for optoelectronics and a wealth of potential applications in quantum optical and spin-based technologies. Precise knowledge of the fundamental optical and spin properties of charge-carrier complexes at the origin of their luminescence is crucial in view of the development of these applications. On nearly bulk Cesium-Lead-Bromide single perovskite nanocrystals, which are the test bench materials for next-generation devices as well as theoretical modeling, we perform low temperature magneto-optical spectroscopy to reveal their entire band-edge exciton fine structure and charge-complex binding energies. We demonstrate that the ground exciton state is dark and lays several millielectronvolts below the lowest bright exciton sublevels, which settles the debate on the bright-dark exciton level ordering in these materials. More importantly, combining these results with spectroscopic measurements on various perovskite nanocrystal compounds, we show evidence for universal scaling laws relating the exciton fine structure splitting, the trion and biexciton binding energies to the band-edge exciton energy in lead-halide perovskite nanostructures, regardless of their chemical composition. These scaling laws solely based on quantum confinement effects and dimensionless energies offer a general predictive picture for the interaction energies within charge-carrier complexes photo-generated in these emerging semiconductor nanostructures.
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15
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Yao X, Wang Y, Wang L, Wang X, Bao Y. The Dissociation of Exciton During the Lasing of a Single CsPbBr 3 Microplate. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:10851-10857. [PMID: 36382934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the lasing of a single CsPbBr3 microplate (MP) fabricated with chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is investigated from the viewpoint of exciton dissociation characterized with steady-state photoluminescence (PL) and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL). It is confirmed that the lasing performance is disturbed by the dissociation of excitons. The increase of lasing threshold with temperature originates from the dissociation of free excitons (FEs) to localized carriers (LCs), and the lasing failure is mostly ascribed to the dissociation of FEs to free carriers (FCs). The working temperature of micro/nanolasers based on metal halide perovskites (MHPs) could be raised up to the temperature determined by exciton binding energy while the laser heating effect is dealt with well. These findings advance our understanding on the photophysics of the lasing behaviors of micro/nanocavities based on MHPs and help us promote their performance by having better thermal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuru Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials & School of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials & School of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials & School of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials & School of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Yongjun Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials & School of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
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16
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Canet-Albiach R, Kreĉmarová M, Bailach JB, Gualdrón-Reyes AF, Rodríguez-Romero J, Gorji S, Pashaei-Adl H, Mora-Seró I, Martínez Pastor JP, Sánchez-Royo JF, Muñoz-Matutano G. Revealing Giant Exciton Fine-Structure Splitting in Two-Dimensional Perovskites Using van der Waals Passivation. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:7621-7627. [PMID: 36074722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic layered perovskites are currently some of the most promising 2D van der Waals materials. Low crystal quality usually broadens the exciton line width, obscuring the fine structure of the exciton in conventional photoluminescence experiments. Here, we propose a mechanical approach to reducing the effect of spectral diffusion by means of hBN capping on layered perovskites, revealing the exciton fine structure. We used a stochastic model to link the reduction of the spectral line width with the population of charge fluctuation centers present in the organic spacer. van der Waals forces between both lattices cause the partial clamping of the perovskite organic spacer molecules, and hence the amplitude of the overall spectral diffusion effect is reduced. Our work provides a low-cost solution to the problem of accessing important fine-structure excitonic state information, along with an explanation of the important carrier dynamics present in the organic spacer that affect the quality of the optical emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Canet-Albiach
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad de Valencia (ICMUV), 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marie Kreĉmarová
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad de Valencia (ICMUV), 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Bosch Bailach
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad de Valencia (ICMUV), 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrés F Gualdrón-Reyes
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Ciencias Químicas, Isla Teja, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5090000 Valdivia, Chile
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Romero
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, C.U., Coyoacán, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Setatira Gorji
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad de Valencia (ICMUV), 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - Hamid Pashaei-Adl
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad de Valencia (ICMUV), 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - Iván Mora-Seró
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Juan P Martínez Pastor
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad de Valencia (ICMUV), 46071 Valencia, Spain
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17
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Cho K, Tahara H, Yamada T, Suzuura H, Tadano T, Sato R, Saruyama M, Hirori H, Teranishi T, Kanemitsu Y. Exciton-Phonon and Trion-Phonon Couplings Revealed by Photoluminescence Spectroscopy of Single CsPbBr 3 Perovskite Nanocrystals. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:7674-7681. [PMID: 36121354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have outstanding photoluminescence (PL) properties and excellent potential for light-emitting diodes and single-photon sources. Here, we report the multiple-peak structures originating from excitons, trions, and biexcitons in low-temperature PL spectra of single CsPbBr3 NCs. We found fine-structure splitting in the PL peaks of bright excitons and biexcitons and also in the longitudinal-optical (LO)-phonon replicas of excitons. LO-phonon replicas of trions are clearly observed under strong photoexcitation, which do not show fine-structure splitting. From size-dependent analyses of these replicas, we clarified that both exciton-phonon and trion-phonon couplings become larger for smaller NCs and the coupling strengths of trions are larger than those of excitons in large NCs. These behaviors can be explained by the spatial distributions of the electron and hole wave functions in the NCs. Our findings provide essential information on electron-phonon couplings in perovskites and for the design of high-purity single-photon sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Cho
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tahara
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takumi Yamada
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hidekatsu Suzuura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Terumasa Tadano
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Ryota Sato
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masaki Saruyama
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hideki Hirori
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Teranishi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kanemitsu
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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18
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Wang S, Dyksik M, Lampe C, Gramlich M, Maude DK, Baranowski M, Urban AS, Plochocka P, Surrente A. Thickness-Dependent Dark-Bright Exciton Splitting and Phonon Bottleneck in CsPbBr 3-Based Nanoplatelets Revealed via Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:7011-7019. [PMID: 36036573 PMCID: PMC9479212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The optimized exploitation of perovskite nanocrystals and nanoplatelets as highly efficient light sources requires a detailed understanding of the energy spacing within the exciton manifold. Dark exciton states are particularly relevant because they represent a channel that reduces radiative efficiency. Here, we apply large in-plane magnetic fields to brighten optically inactive states of CsPbBr3-based nanoplatelets for the first time. This approach allows us to access the dark states and directly determine the dark-bright splitting, which reaches 22 meV for the thinnest nanoplatelets. The splitting is significantly less for thicker nanoplatelets due to reduced exciton confinement. Additionally, the form of the magneto-PL spectrum suggests that dark and bright state populations are nonthermalized, which is indicative of a phonon bottleneck in the exciton relaxation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Wang
- Laboratoire
National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228,
Université Grenoble Alpes, Université
Toulouse, Université Toulouse 3, INSA-T, 38042 Grenoble
and 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Mateusz Dyksik
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Carola Lampe
- Nanospectroscopy
Group and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Nano-Institute Munich, Department
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
München (LMU), Munich 80539 Germany
| | - Moritz Gramlich
- Nanospectroscopy
Group and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Nano-Institute Munich, Department
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
München (LMU), Munich 80539 Germany
| | - Duncan K. Maude
- Laboratoire
National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228,
Université Grenoble Alpes, Université
Toulouse, Université Toulouse 3, INSA-T, 38042 Grenoble
and 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Michał Baranowski
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Alexander S. Urban
- Nanospectroscopy
Group and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Nano-Institute Munich, Department
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
München (LMU), Munich 80539 Germany
| | - Paulina Plochocka
- Laboratoire
National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228,
Université Grenoble Alpes, Université
Toulouse, Université Toulouse 3, INSA-T, 38042 Grenoble
and 31400 Toulouse, France
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Alessandro Surrente
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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19
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Double-crowned 2D semiconductor nanoplatelets with bicolor power-tunable emission. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5094. [PMID: 36042249 PMCID: PMC9427944 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32713-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocrystals (NCs) are now established building blocks for optoelectronics and their use as down converters for large gamut displays has been their first mass market. NC integration relies on a combination of green and red NCs into a blend, which rises post-growth formulation issues. A careful engineering of the NCs may enable dual emissions from a single NC population which violates Kasha’s rule, which stipulates that emission should occur at the band edge. Thus, in addition to an attentive control of band alignment to obtain green and red signals, non-radiative decay paths also have to be carefully slowed down to enable emission away from the ground state. Here, we demonstrate that core/crown/crown 2D nanoplatelets (NPLs), made of CdSe/CdTe/CdSe, can combine a large volume and a type-II band alignment enabling simultaneously red and narrow green emissions. Moreover, we demonstrate that the ratio of the two emissions can be tuned by the incident power, which results in a saturation of the red emission due to non-radiative Auger recombination that affects this emission much stronger than the green one. Finally, we also show that dual-color, power tunable, emission can be obtained through an electrical excitation. Nanocrystals are desirable light sources for advanced display technologies. Here, the authors report on double-crowned 2D semiconductor nanoplatelets as light downconverters that offer both green and red emissions to achieve a wide color gamut.
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20
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Belykh VV, Skorikov ML, Kulebyakina EV, Kolobkova EV, Kuznetsova MS, Glazov MM, Yakovlev DR. Submillisecond Spin Relaxation in CsPb(Cl,Br) 3 Perovskite Nanocrystals in a Glass Matrix. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:4583-4588. [PMID: 35621509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals in a glass matrix are a promising platform for optoelectronic applications due to their excellent optical properties combined with outstanding stability against the environment. We reveal the potential of this system for spintronics by studying the electron spin properties of CsPb(Cl,Br)3 nanocrystals in a fluorophosphate glass matrix. Using optical spin orientation and spin depolarization with a radio frequency field, we measure longitudinal spin relaxation time, T1, reaching several hundreds of microseconds at low temperatures. This time T1 corresponds to a spin state with a small g factor, which we attribute to a weakly exchange-coupled electron-hole pair with antiparallel spins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilii V Belykh
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail L Skorikov
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeniya V Kulebyakina
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena V Kolobkova
- St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University), 190013 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Research Center for Optical Materials Science, ITMO University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria S Kuznetsova
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail M Glazov
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitri R Yakovlev
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
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21
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Posmyk K, Zawadzka N, Dyksik M, Surrente A, Maude DK, Kazimierczuk T, Babiński A, Molas MR, Paritmongkol W, Mączka M, Tisdale WA, Płochocka P, Baranowski M. Quantification of Exciton Fine Structure Splitting in a Two-Dimensional Perovskite Compound. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4463-4469. [PMID: 35561248 PMCID: PMC9150119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Applications of two-dimensional (2D) perovskites have significantly outpaced the understanding of many fundamental aspects of their photophysics. The optical response of 2D lead halide perovskites is dominated by strongly bound excitonic states. However, a comprehensive experimental verification of the exciton fine structure splitting and associated transition symmetries remains elusive. Here we employ low temperature magneto-optical spectroscopy to reveal the exciton fine structure of (PEA)2PbI4 (here PEA is phenylethylammonium) single crystals. We observe two orthogonally polarized bright in-plane free exciton (FX) states, both accompanied by a manifold of phonon-dressed states that preserve the polarization of the corresponding FX state. Introducing a magnetic field perpendicular to the 2D plane, we resolve the lowest energy dark exciton state, which although theoretically predicted, has systematically escaped experimental observation (in Faraday configuration) until now. These results corroborate standard multiband, effective-mass theories for the exciton fine structure in 2D perovskites and provide valuable quantification of the fine structure splitting in (PEA)2PbI4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Posmyk
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Zawadzka
- Institute
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Dyksik
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- Laboratoire
National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228, Université Toulouse, Université Toulouse
3, INSA-T, Toulouse 31400, France
| | - Alessandro Surrente
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Duncan K. Maude
- Laboratoire
National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228, Université Toulouse, Université Toulouse
3, INSA-T, Toulouse 31400, France
| | - Tomasz Kazimierczuk
- Institute
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Babiński
- Institute
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej R. Molas
- Institute
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Watcharaphol Paritmongkol
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mirosław Mączka
- Institute
of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 50-422 Wrocław, Poland
| | - William A. Tisdale
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Paulina Płochocka
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- Laboratoire
National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228, Université Toulouse, Université Toulouse
3, INSA-T, Toulouse 31400, France
| | - Michał Baranowski
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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22
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Otero-Martínez C, Ye J, Sung J, Pastoriza-Santos I, Pérez-Juste J, Xia Z, Rao A, Hoye RLZ, Polavarapu L. Colloidal Metal-Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets: Thickness-Controlled Synthesis, Properties, and Application in Light-Emitting Diodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107105. [PMID: 34775643 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal metal-halide perovskite nanocrystals (MHP NCs) are gaining significant attention for a wide range of optoelectronics applications owing to their exciting properties, such as defect tolerance, near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield, and tunable emission across the entire visible wavelength range. Although the optical properties of MHP NCs are easily tunable through their halide composition, they suffer from light-induced halide phase segregation that limits their use in devices. However, MHPs can be synthesized in the form of colloidal nanoplatelets (NPls) with monolayer (ML)-level thickness control, exhibiting strong quantum confinement effects, and thus enabling tunable emission across the entire visible wavelength range by controlling the thickness of bromide or iodide-based lead-halide perovskite NPls. In addition, the NPls exhibit narrow emission peaks, have high exciton binding energies, and a higher fraction of radiative recombination compared to their bulk counterparts, making them ideal candidates for applications in light-emitting diodes (LEDs). This review discusses the state-of-the-art in colloidal MHP NPls: synthetic routes, thickness-controlled synthesis of both organic-inorganic hybrid and all-inorganic MHP NPls, their linear and nonlinear optical properties (including charge-carrier dynamics), and their performance in LEDs. Furthermore, the challenges associated with their thickness-controlled synthesis, environmental and thermal stability, and their application in making efficient LEDs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Otero-Martínez
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Materials Chemistry and Physics Group, Department of Physical Chemistry, Campus Universitario Lagoas, Marcosende, Vigo, 36310, Spain
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Deparment of Physical Chemistry, Campus Universitario Lagoas, Marcosende, Vigo, 36310, Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur). SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, 36310, Spain
| | - Junzhi Ye
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Jooyoung Sung
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
- Department of Emerging Materials Science, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Isabel Pastoriza-Santos
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Deparment of Physical Chemistry, Campus Universitario Lagoas, Marcosende, Vigo, 36310, Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur). SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, 36310, Spain
| | - Jorge Pérez-Juste
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Deparment of Physical Chemistry, Campus Universitario Lagoas, Marcosende, Vigo, 36310, Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur). SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, 36310, Spain
| | - Zhiguo Xia
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Akshay Rao
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Robert L Z Hoye
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Lakshminarayana Polavarapu
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Materials Chemistry and Physics Group, Department of Physical Chemistry, Campus Universitario Lagoas, Marcosende, Vigo, 36310, Spain
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23
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Dielectric Confinement and Exciton Fine Structure in Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11113054. [PMID: 34835818 PMCID: PMC8621522 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Owing to their flexible chemical synthesis and the ability to shape nanostructures, lead halide perovskites have emerged as high potential materials for optoelectronic devices. Here, we investigate the excitonic band edge states and their energies levels in colloidal inorganic lead halide nanoplatelets, particularly the influence of dielectric effects, in a thin quasi-2D system. We use a model including band offset and dielectric confinements in the presence of Coulomb interaction. Short- and long-range contributions, modified by dielectric effects, are also derived, leading to a full modelization of the exciton fine structure, in cubic, tetragonal and orthorhombic phases. The fine splitting structure, including dark and bright excitonic states, is discussed and compared to recent experimental results, showing the importance of both confinement and dielectric contributions.
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24
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Dyksik M, Duim H, Maude DK, Baranowski M, Loi MA, Plochocka P. Brightening of dark excitons in 2D perovskites. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabk0904. [PMID: 34757785 PMCID: PMC8580304 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abk0904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Optically inactive dark exciton states play an important role in light emission processes in semiconductors because they provide an efficient nonradiative recombination channel. Understanding the exciton fine structure in materials with potential applications in light-emitting devices is therefore critical. Here, we investigate the exciton fine structure in the family of two-dimensional (2D) perovskites (PEA)2SnI4, (PEA)2PbI4, and (PEA)2PbBr4. In-plane magnetic field mixes the bright and dark exciton states, brightening the otherwise optically inactive dark exciton. The bright-dark splitting increases with increasing exciton binding energy. Hot photoluminescence is observed, indicative of a non-Boltzmann distribution of the bright-dark exciton populations. We attribute this to the phonon bottleneck, which results from the weak exciton–acoustic phonon coupling in soft 2D perovskites. Hot photoluminescence is responsible for the strong emission observed in these materials, despite the substantial bright-dark exciton splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Dyksik
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228, University Grenoble Alpes, University Toulouse, University Toulouse 3, INSA-T, Grenoble and Toulouse, France
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Herman Duim
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Duncan K. Maude
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228, University Grenoble Alpes, University Toulouse, University Toulouse 3, INSA-T, Grenoble and Toulouse, France
| | - Michal Baranowski
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maria Antonietta Loi
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Paulina Plochocka
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228, University Grenoble Alpes, University Toulouse, University Toulouse 3, INSA-T, Grenoble and Toulouse, France
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
- Corresponding author.
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25
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Grigoryev PS, Belykh VV, Yakovlev DR, Lhuillier E, Bayer M. Coherent Spin Dynamics of Electrons and Holes in CsPbBr 3 Colloidal Nanocrystals. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:8481-8487. [PMID: 34591496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The spin dynamics in CsPbBr3 lead halide perovskite nanocrystals are studied by picosecond pump-probe Faraday rotation in an external magnetic field. Coherent Larmor precession of electrons and holes with spin dephasing times of ∼600 ps is detected in a transversal magnetic field. The longitudinal spin relaxation time in weak magnetic fields reaches 80 ns at a temperature of 5 K. In this regime, the carrier spin dynamics is governed by nuclear spin fluctuations characterized by an effective hyperfine field strength of 25 mT. The Landé factors determining the carrier Zeeman splittings are ge = +1.73 for electrons and gh = +0.83 for holes. A comparison with a CsPbBr3 polycrystalline film and bulk single crystals evidences that the spatial confinement of electrons and holes in the nanocrystals only slightly affects their g factors and spin dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp S Grigoryev
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vasilii V Belykh
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitri R Yakovlev
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Emmanuel Lhuillier
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
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26
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Garcia-Arellano G, Trippé-Allard G, Legrand L, Barisien T, Garrot D, Deleporte E, Bernardot F, Testelin C, Chamarro M. Energy Tuning of Electronic Spin Coherent Evolution in Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8272-8279. [PMID: 34425051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the coherent evolution of the electronic spin at low temperature in high-quality CH3NH3PbI3 polycrystalline films by picosecond-resolved photoinduced Faraday rotation. We show that this coherent evolution can be tuned by choosing the pump-probe energy within the lowest optical-absorption band, and we explain it as the result of two main contributions: the localized electron and the localized hole. Their corresponding amplitude ratios are not constant across the lowest absorption band-an observation which disqualifies a free exciton from being at the origin of the electronic spin coherent evolution. We measured a spin coherence time of localized electrons (holes) of 4.4 ns (3.7 ns) at 1.635 eV, which evolves to about 7 ns at 1.612 eV (the hole coherence time remains almost constant at lower energies). Finally, we provide a global image of the spin coherent evolution in bulk metal halide perovskite, which overcomes recent controversies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Garcia-Arellano
- CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, Sorbonne Université, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Gaëlle Trippé-Allard
- Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, Centrale Supélec, CNRS, LuMIn, F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Laurent Legrand
- CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, Sorbonne Université, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Barisien
- CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, Sorbonne Université, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Damien Garrot
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, GEMaC, F-78000 Versailles, France
| | - Emmanuelle Deleporte
- Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, Centrale Supélec, CNRS, LuMIn, F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Frédérick Bernardot
- CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, Sorbonne Université, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Testelin
- CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, Sorbonne Université, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Maria Chamarro
- CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, Sorbonne Université, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
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27
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Sun Y, Wang X, Wang HY, Yuan S, Wang Y, Ai XC, Zhang JP. Lewis Base-Mediated Perovskite Crystallization as Revealed by In Situ, Real-Time Optical Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:5357-5362. [PMID: 34076449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The strategy of Lewis base modification has been shown to be rather effective in fabricating high-quality perovskite crystals; however, the underlying mechanisms remain controversial owing to the lack of any systematic characterization of the crystallization process. Herein, we report a novel non-invasive optical technique, termed vertical reflection-type in situ, real-time absorption spectroscopy, to investigate the mechanisms of Lewis base-mediated optimization of perovskite crystallinity by visualizing the entire energetic landscape of crystal growth. We show that by virtue of the urea additive, a prototypical Lewis base, the growth kinetics is accelerated prominently by decreasing the activation energy from 73.7 to 41.7 kJ/mol. In addition, the self-passivation of structural disorder during thermal annealing is identified, which is shown to be further strengthened by urea modification toward a shallower distribution of trap states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Xinli Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Hao-Yi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Xi-Cheng Ai
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
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28
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Dana J, Binyamin T, Etgar L, Ruhman S. Unusually Strong Biexciton Repulsion Detected in Quantum Confined CsPbBr 3 Nanocrystals with Two and Three Pulse Femtosecond Spectroscopy. ACS NANO 2021; 15:9039-9047. [PMID: 33974397 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Transient absorption measurements were conducted on pristine and monoexciton saturated CsPbBr3 nanocrystals varying in size within the regime of a strong quantum confinement. Once the difference spectra were translated to absolute transient changes in absorption cross section, a single exciton is shown to completely bleach the band edge absorption peak and induce a new absorption roughly two times weaker ∼100 meV to the blue. Difference spectra obtained during Auger recombination of biexciton demonstrate that the addition of a second exciton, rather than double the effect of a first, bleaches the blue-induced absorption band without producing a net stimulated emission at the band edge. Accompanied by high time resolution transient absorption spectra pumping at the lowest exciton band, these results identify the blue-induced absorption as the second transition to 1Se1Sh which is shifted in energy due to unusually strong and promptly rising biexciton repulsion. Possible mechanisms giving rise to this repulsion and prospects for applying it to enhance optical gain applications of these particles are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta Dana
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem-91904, Israel
| | - Tal Binyamin
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem-91904, Israel
| | - Lioz Etgar
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem-91904, Israel
| | - Sanford Ruhman
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem-91904, Israel
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29
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Revealing the Exciton Fine Structure in Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11041058. [PMID: 33924196 PMCID: PMC8074593 DOI: 10.3390/nano11041058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lead-halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are attractive nano-building blocks for photovoltaics and optoelectronic devices as well as quantum light sources. Such developments require a better knowledge of the fundamental electronic and optical properties of the band-edge exciton, whose fine structure has long been debated. In this review, we give an overview of recent magneto-optical spectroscopic studies revealing the entire excitonic fine structure and relaxation mechanisms in these materials, using a single-NC approach to get rid of their inhomogeneities in morphology and crystal structure. We highlight the prominent role of the electron-hole exchange interaction in the order and splitting of the bright triplet and dark singlet exciton sublevels and discuss the effects of size, shape anisotropy and dielectric screening on the fine structure. The spectral and temporal manifestations of thermal mixing between bright and dark excitons allows extracting the specific nature and strength of the exciton–phonon coupling, which provides an explanation for their remarkably bright photoluminescence at low temperature although the ground exciton state is optically inactive. We also decipher the spectroscopic characteristics of other charge complexes whose recombination contributes to photoluminescence. With the rich knowledge gained from these experiments, we provide some perspectives on perovskite NCs as quantum light sources.
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30
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Wu CS, Wu SC, Yang BT, Wu ZY, Chou YH, Chen P, Hsu HC. Hemispherical Cesium Lead Bromide Perovskite Single-Mode Microlasers with High-Quality Factors and Strong Purcell Enhancement. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:13556-13564. [PMID: 33689258 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We realized a single-mode laser with an ultra-high quality factor in individual cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) perovskite micro-hemispheres fabricated by chemical vapor deposition. A series of lasing property analysis based on cavity size was reported under this material system. Due to good optical confinement capability of the whispering gallery resonant cavity and high optical gain of CsPbBr3 perovskite micro-hemispheres, single-mode lasing behavior was achieved with an ultra-high quality factor as large as 11,460 at room temperature. To study in detail the physical effects between lasing threshold and cavity, a set of cavity size dependence photoluminescence analyses were performed. We found that the lasing threshold increases while the cavity size decreases. Time-resolved PL analysis was conducted to confirm the relation between cavity size and lasing threshold. The larger cavity stands for longer PL lifetime and indicates easier-to-achieve carrier population inversion. Strong Purcell enhancement could be further investigated by the spontaneous emission coupling factor β and internal quantum efficiency as a function of cavity size. A high β-factor of 0.37 could be obtained from a 2.2 μm diameter hemisphere microcavity and a high Purcell factor of 14 in a 1.9 μm diameter hemisphere microcavity showing strong Purcell enhancement effect in our system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Sheng Wu
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, East District, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chan Wu
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, East District, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Ting Yang
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, East District, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Zong Yu Wu
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, East District, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yu Hsun Chou
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, East District, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Peter Chen
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, East District, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, East District, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Cheng Hsu
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, East District, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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31
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Weiss EA. Influence of Shape Anisotropy on the Emission of Low-Dimensional Semiconductors. ACS NANO 2021; 15:3568-3577. [PMID: 33691063 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of precise and scalable synthetic methods for producing anisotropic semiconductor nanostructures provides opportunities to tune the photophysical properties of these particles beyond their band gaps, and to incorporate them into higher-order structures with macroscopic anisotropic responses to electric and optical fields. This perspective article discusses some of these opportunities in the context of colloidal semiconductor nanoplatelets, with a focus on the influence of confinement anisotropy on processes that dictate the emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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32
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Baranov D, Fieramosca A, Yang RX, Polimeno L, Lerario G, Toso S, Giansante C, Giorgi MD, Tan LZ, Sanvitto D, Manna L. Aging of Self-Assembled Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystal Superlattices: Effects on Photoluminescence and Energy Transfer. ACS NANO 2021; 15:650-664. [PMID: 33350811 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Excitonic coupling, electronic coupling, and cooperative interactions in self-assembled lead halide perovskite nanocrystals were reported to give rise to a red-shifted collective emission peak with accelerated dynamics. Here we report that similar spectroscopic features could appear as a result of the nanocrystal reactivity within the self-assembled superlattices. This is demonstrated by studying CsPbBr3 nanocrystal superlattices over time with room-temperature and cryogenic micro-photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electron microscopy. It is shown that a gradual contraction of the superlattices and subsequent coalescence of the nanocrystals occurs over several days of keeping such structures under vacuum. As a result, a narrow, low-energy emission peak is observed at 4 K with a concomitant shortening of the photoluminescence lifetime due to the energy transfer between nanocrystals. When exposed to air, self-assembled CsPbBr3 nanocrystals develop bulk-like CsPbBr3 particles on top of the superlattices. At 4 K, these particles produce a distribution of narrow, low-energy emission peaks with short lifetimes and excitation fluence-dependent, oscillatory decays. Overall, the aging of CsPbBr3 nanocrystal assemblies dramatically alters their emission properties and that should not be overlooked when studying collective optoelectronic phenomena nor confused with superfluorescence effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Baranov
- Nanochemistry Department, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Antonio Fieramosca
- CNR Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Ruo Xi Yang
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Laura Polimeno
- CNR Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "E. de Giorgi", Università Del Salento, Campus Ecotekne, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lerario
- CNR Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Stefano Toso
- Nanochemistry Department, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
- International Doctoral Program in Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Brescia 25121, Italy
| | - Carlo Giansante
- CNR Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Milena De Giorgi
- CNR Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Liang Z Tan
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Daniele Sanvitto
- CNR Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Liberato Manna
- Nanochemistry Department, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
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33
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Chakraborty S, Nazeeruddin MK. The Status Quo of Rashba Phenomena in Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:361-367. [PMID: 33356285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this Perspective, we address the fundamentals and possible implications of Rashba phenomena particularly for noncentrosymmetric and heavy element-containing hybrid perovskite systems. The work sheds light on the application paradigm of these exciting phenomena in the field of photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, and catalytic reactions. The experimental realization along with the theoretical prediction of these phenomena in the emerging energy materials family of hybrid perovskites opens up a new direction for modulating the charge carrier recombination probability of the excited electrons and the holes. The influence of external parameters, such as pressure, uni- and biaxial strain, and electric field, has been addressed explicitly to change the Rashba factor, which essentially suppresses the recombination rate. The current Perspective provides a roadmap of materials design and the effect of external stimuli on the plethora of hybrid perovskite materials for extensive energy scavenging with the focus on photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Chakraborty
- Materials Theory for Energy Scavenging (MATES) Lab, Discipline of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Valais Wallis, Sion, Switzerland
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34
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The dark exciton ground state promotes photon-pair emission in individual perovskite nanocrystals. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6001. [PMID: 33243976 PMCID: PMC7691346 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19740-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cesium lead halide perovskites exhibit outstanding optical and electronic properties for a wide range of applications in optoelectronics and for light-emitting devices. Yet, the physics of the band-edge exciton, whose recombination is at the origin of the photoluminescence, is not elucidated. Here, we unveil the exciton fine structure of individual cesium lead iodide perovskite nanocrystals and demonstrate that it is governed by the electron-hole exchange interaction and nanocrystal shape anisotropy. The lowest-energy exciton state is a long-lived dark singlet state, which promotes the creation of biexcitons at low temperatures and thus correlated photon pairs. These bright quantum emitters in the near-infrared have a photon statistics that can readily be tuned from bunching to antibunching, using magnetic or thermal coupling between dark and bright exciton sublevels. The optical and electronic properties of cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals are dictated by the band-edge exciton, whose physics is not elucidated. Here, the authors unveil its fine structure and demonstrate that the ground dark singlet state promotes the creation of biexcitons at low temperatures and thus correlated photon pairs.
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35
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Becker MA, Bernasconi C, Bodnarchuk MI, Rainò G, Kovalenko MV, Norris DJ, Mahrt RF, Stöferle T. Unraveling the Origin of the Long Fluorescence Decay Component of Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2020; 14:14939-14946. [PMID: 33174717 PMCID: PMC7690045 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A common signature of nearly all nanoscale emitters is fluorescence intermittency, which is a rapid switching between "on"-states exhibiting a high photon emission rate and "off"-states with a much lower rate. One consequence of fluorescence intermittency occurring on time scales longer than the exciton decay time is the so-called delayed photon emission, manifested by a long radiative decay component. Besides their dominant fast radiative decay, fully inorganic cesium lead halide perovskite quantum dots exhibit a long fluorescence decay component at cryogenic temperatures that is often attributed to the decay of the dark exciton. Here, we show that its origin is delayed photon emission by investigating temporal variations in fluorescence intensity and concomitant decay times found in single CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots. We attribute the different intensity levels of the intensity trace to a rapid switching between a high-intensity exciton state and an Auger-reduced low-intensity trion state that occurs when the excitation is sufficiently strong. Surprisingly, we observe that the exponent of this power-law-dependent delayed emission is correlated with the emission intensity, which cannot be explained with existing charge carrier trapping models. Our analysis reveals that the long decay component is mainly governed by delayed emission, which is present in both the exciton and trion state. The absence of a fine structure in trions clarifies the vanishing role of the dark exciton state for the long decay component. Our findings are essential for the development of a complete photophysical model that captures all observed features of fluorescence variations in colloidal nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Becker
- IBM
Research Europe−Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
- Optical
Materials Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process
Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caterina Bernasconi
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maryna I. Bodnarchuk
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Rainò
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V. Kovalenko
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David J. Norris
- Optical
Materials Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process
Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rainer F. Mahrt
- IBM
Research Europe−Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Thilo Stöferle
- IBM
Research Europe−Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
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36
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Rossi D, Qiao T, Liu X, Khurana M, Akimov AV, Cheon J, Son DH. Size-dependent dark exciton properties in cesium lead halide perovskite quantum dots. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:184703. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0027972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rossi
- Center for NanoMedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Tian Qiao
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 777843, USA
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 777843, USA
| | - Mohit Khurana
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 777843, USA
| | - Alexey V. Akimov
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 777843, USA
- Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, Moscow 143025, Russia
- PN Lebedev Institute RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Jinwoo Cheon
- Center for NanoMedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (BME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Dong Hee Son
- Center for NanoMedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 777843, USA
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37
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Rossi D, Liu X, Lee Y, Khurana M, Puthenpurayil J, Kim K, Akimov AV, Cheon J, Son DH. Intense Dark Exciton Emission from Strongly Quantum-Confined CsPbBr 3 Nanocrystals. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:7321-7326. [PMID: 32845638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Dark exciton as the lowest-energy (ground) exciton state in metal halide perovskite nanocrystals is a subject of much interest. This is because the superior performance of perovskites as the photon source combined with long lifetime of dark exciton can be attractive for many applications of exciton. However, the direct observation of the intense and long-lived dark exciton emission, indicating facile access to dark ground exciton state, has remained elusive. Here, we report the intense photoluminescence from dark exciton with microsecond lifetime in strongly confined CsPbBr3 nanocrystals and reveal the crucial role of confinement in accessing the dark ground exciton state. This study establishes the potential of strongly quantum-confined perovskite nanostructures as the excellent platform to harvest the benefits of extremely long-lived dark exciton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rossi
- Center for NanoMedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 777843, United States
| | - Yangjin Lee
- Center for NanoMedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohit Khurana
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 777843, United States
| | - Joseph Puthenpurayil
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 777843, United States
| | - Kwanpyo Kim
- Center for NanoMedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Alexey V Akimov
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 777843, United States
- Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, Moscow 143025, Russia
- PN Lebedev Institute RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Jinwoo Cheon
- Center for NanoMedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (BME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hee Son
- Center for NanoMedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 777843, United States
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38
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Steinmetz V, Ramade J, Legrand L, Barisien T, Bernardot F, Lhuillier E, Bernard M, Vabre M, Saïdi I, Ghribi A, Boujdaria K, Testelin C, Chamarro M. Anisotropic shape of CsPbBr 3 colloidal nanocrystals: from 1D to 2D confinement effects. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:18978-18986. [PMID: 32915178 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03901b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized strongly anisotropic CsPbBr3 nanocrystals with very narrow emission and absorption lines associated to confinement effects along one or two dimensions, called respectively nanoplatelets (NPLs) and nanosticks (NSTs). Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) images, absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra taken at low temperature are very precise tools to determine which kind of confinement has to be considered and to deduce the shape, the size and the thickness of nanocrystals under focus. We show that the energy of the band-edge absorption and PL peaks versus the inverse of the square of the NPL thickness has a linear behaviour from 11 monolayers (MLs) i.e. a thickness of 6.38 nm, until 4 MLs (2.32 nm) showing that self-energy correction compensates the increase of the exciton binding energy in thin NPLs as already observed in Cadmium chalcogenides-based NPLs. We also show that slight changes in the morphology of NSTs leads to a very drastic modification of their absorption spectra. Time-resolved PL of NSTs has a non-monotonous behaviour with temperature. At 5 K, a quasi-single exponential with a lifetime of 80 ps is obtained; at intermediate temperature, the decay is bi-exponential and at 150 K, a quasi-single exponential decay is recovered (≈0.4 ns). For NSTs, the exciton interaction with LO phonons governs the broadening of the absorption and PL peaks at room temperature and is stronger than in chalcogenides quantum dots and NPLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violette Steinmetz
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS-UMR 7588, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
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39
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Hou J, Wang Z, Chen P, Chen V, Cheetham AK, Wang L. Intermarriage of Halide Perovskites and Metal‐Organic Framework Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19434-19449. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Zhiliang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Vicki Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Anthony K. Cheetham
- Materials Research Laboratory University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore
| | - Lianzhou Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
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40
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Hou J, Wang Z, Chen P, Chen V, Cheetham AK, Wang L. Intermarriage of Halide Perovskites and Metal‐Organic Framework Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Zhiliang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Vicki Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Anthony K. Cheetham
- Materials Research Laboratory University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore
| | - Lianzhou Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
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41
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Do TTH, Granados del Águila A, Xing J, Liu S, Xiong Q. Direct and indirect exciton transitions in two-dimensional lead halide perovskite semiconductors. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:064705. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0012307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T. Thu Ha Do
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Andrés Granados del Águila
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Jun Xing
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Qihua Xiong
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
- MajuLab, International Joint Research Unit UMI 3654, CNRS, Université Côte d’Azur, Sorbonne Université, National University of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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42
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Yin C, Lv Y, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Yu WW, Zhang C, Yu ZG, Wang X, Xiao M. Transition from Doublet to Triplet Excitons in Single Perovskite Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:5750-5755. [PMID: 32589423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have emerged as novel semiconductor nanostructures possessing great potential for optoelectronic, photovoltaic, and quantum information processing applications. Success in these applications requires a comprehensive understanding of the perovskite NCs' electronic structures, which mysteriously exhibit either doublet or triplet peaks of exciton luminescence at the single-particle level. Here we show that the transition from doublet- to triplet-exciton peaks can be triggered in single CsPbI3 NCs from the same batch of samples when they are stored in the ambient environment. We propose theoretically that the doublet-exciton peaks originate from two in-plane dipole moments, while the optical transition arising from the out-of-plane dipole moment becomes prominent only after the crystal-field splitting is strongly reduced by the structural transformation in the deterioration process. Furthermore, the quantum-confinement effect is strongly reinforced in the single CsPbI3 NCs with a triplet-exciton configuration, leading to enhanced Auger recombination and allowing us to extract the emission-energy dependence of the exciton-energy-level fine structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Yin
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yan Lv
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xiangtong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - William W Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chunfeng Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Yu
- ISP/Applied Sciences Laboratory, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99210, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Min Xiao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
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43
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Do TTH, Granados Del Águila A, Zhang D, Xing J, Liu S, Prosnikov MA, Gao W, Chang K, Christianen PCM, Xiong Q. Bright Exciton Fine-Structure in Two-Dimensional Lead Halide Perovskites. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:5141-5148. [PMID: 32459491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The fast-growing field of atomically thin semiconductors urges a new understanding of two-dimensional excitons, which entirely determine their optical responses. Here, taking layered lead halide perovskites as an example of unconventional two-dimensional semiconductors, by means of versatile optical spectroscopy measurements, we resolve fine-structure splitting of bright excitons of up to ∼2 meV, which is among the largest values in two-dimensional semiconducting systems. The large fine-structure splitting is attributed to the strong electron-hole exchange interaction in layered perovskites, which is proven by the optical emission in high magnetic fields of up to 30 T. Furthermore, we determine the g-factors for these bright excitons as ∼+1.8. Our findings suggest layered lead halide perovskites are an ideal platform for studying exciton spin-physics in atomically thin semiconductors that will pave the way toward exciton manipulation for novel device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Thu Ha Do
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Andrés Granados Del Águila
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Dong Zhang
- SKLSM, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912 Beijing, 100083, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Xing
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Sheng Liu
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - M A Prosnikov
- High Field Magnet Laboratory, HFML-EMFL, Radboud University, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Weibo Gao
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
- MajuLab, International Joint Research Unit UMI 3654, CNRS, Université Côte d'Azur, Sorbonne Université, National University of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Kai Chang
- SKLSM, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912 Beijing, 100083, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peter C M Christianen
- High Field Magnet Laboratory, HFML-EMFL, Radboud University, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Qihua Xiong
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
- MajuLab, International Joint Research Unit UMI 3654, CNRS, Université Côte d'Azur, Sorbonne Université, National University of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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44
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Brennan MC, Forde A, Zhukovskyi M, Baublis AJ, Morozov YV, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Kilin DS, Kuno M. Universal Size-Dependent Stokes Shifts in Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:4937-4944. [PMID: 32482071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Size-dependent photoluminescence Stokes shifts (ΔEs) universally exist in CsPbX3 (X = Cl-, Br-, or I-) perovskite nanocrystals (NCs). ΔEs values, which range from ∼15 to 100 meV for NCs with average edge lengths (l) from approximately 13 to 3 nm, are halide-dependent such that ΔEs(CsPbI3) > ΔEs(CsPbBr3) ≳ ΔEs(CsPbCl3). Observed size-dependent Stokes shifts are not artifacts of ensemble size distributions as demonstrated through measurements of single CsPbBr3 NC Stokes shifts (⟨ΔEs⟩ = 42 ± 5 meV), which are in near quantitative agreement with associated ensemble (l = 6.8 ± 0.8 nm) ΔEs values (ΔEs ≈ 50 meV). Transient differential absorption measurements additionally illustrate no significant spectral dynamics on the picosecond time scale that would contribute to ΔEs. This excludes polaron formation as being responsible for ΔEs. Altogether, the results point to an origin for ΔEs, intrinsic to the size-dependent electronic properties of individual perovskite NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Brennan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
- International Doctoral Program in Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Musei 41, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Aaron Forde
- Department of Materials and Nanotechnology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Maksym Zhukovskyi
- Notre Dame Integrated Imaging Facility, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Andrew J Baublis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Yurii V Morozov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Shubin Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Zhuoming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Dmitri S Kilin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Masaru Kuno
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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45
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Lin C, Liu L, Xu J, Fang F, Jiang K, Liu Z, Wang Y, Chen F, Yao H. Facile synthesis of a dual-phase CsPbBr 3-CsPb 2Br 5 single crystal and its photoelectric performance. RSC Adv 2020; 10:20745-20752. [PMID: 35517769 PMCID: PMC9054283 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01239d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The emerging metal-halide perovskites are promising for next generation optoelectronic devices. Recently, all-inorganic halide perovskites have been developed and show significantly improved stability compared with organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskites. Here, we report a facile method based on the coffee ring effect of solvents to synthesize dual-phase CsPbBr3-CsPb2Br5 single crystal microsheets for the first time. The prepared dual-phase CsPbBr3-CsPb2Br5 single crystal is composed of a tetragonal crystalline phase of CsPb2Br5 and a monoclinic phase of CsPbBr3 according to X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. The sharp XRD peaks indicate the high crystallinity of the as-synthesized dual-phase CsPbBr3-CsPb2Br5 microsheets. CsPbBr3 is mainly distributed on the edge of the microsheets based on photoluminescence (PL) mapping images. Besides, a photodetector based on the dual-phase CsPbBr3-CsPb2Br5 microsheets exhibits good performance with a high on/off photocurrent ratio of 300 and a photoresponsivity of 2.68 mA W-1. The rise and decay times of the CsPbBr3-CsPb2Br5 microsheet photodetector are around 25.3 ms and 29.6 ms, respectively. The experimental results indicate that the dual-phase CsPbBr3-CsPb2Br5 microsheet could be a good candidate for the fabrication of high-performance micro photodetectors compatible with practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congjian Lin
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Lai Liu
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Jinzhuo Xu
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Feier Fang
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Ke Jiang
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Zexiang Liu
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Ye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Engineering, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052 China
| | - Fuming Chen
- School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Huizhen Yao
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
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46
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Bright and fast scintillations of an inorganic halide perovskite CsPbBr 3 crystal at cryogenic temperatures. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8601. [PMID: 32451515 PMCID: PMC7248116 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65672-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly efficient scintillation crystals with short decay times are indispensable for improving the performance of numerous detection and imaging instruments that use- X-rays, gamma-quanta, ionising particles or neutrons. Halide perovskites emerged recently as very promising materials for detection of ionising radiation that motivated further exploration of the materials. In this work, we report on excellent scintillation properties of CsPbBr3 crystals when cooled to cryogenic temperatures. The temperature dependence of luminescence spectra, decay kinetics and light yield under excitation with X-rays and α-particles was investigated. It is shown that the observed changes of spectral and kinetic characteristics of the crystal with temperature can be consistently explained by radiative decay of free excitons, bound and trapped excitons as well as electron-hole pairs originating from their disintegration. It has been found that the crystal exhibits a fast decay time constant of 1 ns at 7 K. The scintillation light yield of CsPbBr3 at 7 K is assessed to be 50,000 ± 10,000 ph/MeV at excitation with 12 keV X-rays and 109,000 ± 22,000 ph/MeV at excitation with α-particles of 241Am. This finding places CsPbBr3 in an excellent position for the development of a new generation of cryogenic, efficient scintillation detectors with nanosecond response time, marking a step-change in opportunities for scintillator-based applications.
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47
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Huo C, Fong CF, Amara MR, Huang Y, Chen B, Zhang H, Guo L, Li H, Huang W, Diederichs C, Xiong Q. Optical Spectroscopy of Single Colloidal CsPbBr 3 Perovskite Nanoplatelets. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:3673-3680. [PMID: 32212737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Optically bright lead halide perovskite nanocrystals of different morphologies ranging from nanocubes to flat nanoplatelets to elongated nanowires have been reported. The morphology of the nanocrystals is expected to affect various properties such as the band edge energy and the electron-hole exchange interaction. However, aside from nanocubes, the investigation of optical properties in the lead halide perovskite nanocrystals of different morphologies at the single emitter level has been lacking. We have performed optical spectroscopy in single CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets and observed single photon emission without blinking. Furthermore, the photoluminescence emission exhibits excitonic fine structure peaks similar to what has been previously observed in nanocubes. Our work stimulates further investigations into the excitonic and quantum optics properties when the lateral size and morphology can be further controlled in lead halide perovskite nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Huo
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Carbon/Carbon Composites Research Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Chee Fai Fong
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | - Mohamed-Raouf Amara
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Yuqing Huang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | - Bo Chen
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lingjun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Carbon/Carbon Composites Research Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Hejun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Carbon/Carbon Composites Research Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Carole Diederichs
- MajuLab, International Joint Research Unit, UMI 3654, CNRS, Université Côte d'Azur, Sorbonne Université, National University of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Qihua Xiong
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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48
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Zeng R, Zhang L, Xue Y, Ke B, Zhao Z, Huang D, Wei Q, Zhou W, Zou B. Highly Efficient Blue Emission from Self-Trapped Excitons in Stable Sb 3+-Doped Cs 2NaInCl 6 Double Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:2053-2061. [PMID: 32105076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient blue-emitting three-dimensional (3D) lead-free halide perovskites with excellent stability have attracted worldwide attention. Herein, a doping route was adopted to incorporate Sb3+ ions into the Cs2NaInCl6 for decorating the electronic band structure. Due to the moderate electron-phonon coupling, the Sb3+-doped Cs2NaInCl6 double perovskites showed a narrow and relatively unusual blue emission of self-trapped excitons (STEs). Density functional theory (DFT) calculation indicated that the doped Sb3+ ions could break the parity-forbidden transition rule and modulate the density of state (DOS) population effectively to boost the PLQY of STEs drastically. The optimized Sb3+:Cs2NaInCl6 exhibited a PLQY of up to 75.89% and excellent stability under the consecutive illumination of 365 nm UV light for 1000 h. This kind of highly efficient lead-free Sb3+-doped Cs2NaInCl6 double perovskites may overcome the bottlenecks of severe toxicity and insufficient stability and therefore have an extensive application in the scarce blue photonic and optoelectronic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruosheng Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials (Ministry of Education), Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Leilei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xue
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials (Ministry of Education), Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao Ke
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang Zhao
- School of Physics and Electronics, Key Laboratory of Low-dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Huang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials (Ministry of Education), Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qilin Wei
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials (Ministry of Education), Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Weichang Zhou
- School of Physics and Electronics, Key Laboratory of Low-dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan Province, Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Application, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingsuo Zou
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials (Ministry of Education), Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
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49
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Ijaz P, Imran M, Soares MM, Tolentino HC, Martín-García B, Giannini C, Moreels I, Manna L, Krahne R. Composition-, Size-, and Surface Functionalization-Dependent Optical Properties of Lead Bromide Perovskite Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:2079-2085. [PMID: 32090576 PMCID: PMC7997568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The photoluminescence (PL), color purity, and stability of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals depend critically on surface passivation. We present a study on the temperature-dependent PL and PL decay dynamics of lead bromide perovskite nanocrystals characterized by different types of A cations, surface ligands, and nanocrystal sizes. Throughout, we observe a single emission peak from cryogenic to ambient temperature. The PL decay dynamics are dominated by surface passivation, and a postsynthesis ligand exchange with a quaternary ammonium bromide (QAB) results in more stable passivation over a larger temperature range. The PL intensity is highest from 50 to 250 K, which indicates that ligand binding competes with the thermal energy at ambient temperature. Despite the favorable PL dynamics of nanocrystals passivated with QAB ligands (monoexponential PL decay over a large temperature range, increased PL intensity and stability), surface passivation still needs to be improved to achieve maximum emission intensity in nanocrystal films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palvasha Ijaz
- Department
of Nanochemistry and Graphene Laboratories, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department
of Nanochemistry and Graphene Laboratories, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Márcio M. Soares
- Brazilian
Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Hélio C.
N. Tolentino
- Brazilian
Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Martín-García
- Department
of Nanochemistry and Graphene Laboratories, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giannini
- Istituto
di Cristallografia-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IC-CNR), via Amendola 122/O, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Iwan Moreels
- Department
of Nanochemistry and Graphene Laboratories, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Liberato Manna
- Department
of Nanochemistry and Graphene Laboratories, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Roman Krahne
- Department
of Nanochemistry and Graphene Laboratories, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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50
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Beimborn JC, Walther LR, Wilson KD, Weber JM. Size-Dependent Pressure-Response of the Photoluminescence of CsPbBr 3 Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:1975-1980. [PMID: 32066242 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We report the size-dependent pressure response for CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals in the size range 5.7-10.9 nm using photoluminescence spectroscopy in a diamond anvil cell. As the nanocrystal size decreases below ca. 7.5 nm, we observe a decrease in the transition pressure at which there is a change in the mode of deformation concomitant with an isostructural phase transition. We hypothesize that surface fluctuations regarding the tilt and distortion of surface PbBr6 octahedra facilitate the change in the mode of deformation and phase transition at lower pressures for smaller nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Curtis Beimborn
- JILA and the Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, United States
| | - Luke R Walther
- JILA and the Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, United States
| | - Kenneth D Wilson
- JILA and the Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, United States
| | - J Mathias Weber
- JILA and the Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, United States
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