1
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Ochiai H, Elouali S, Yamamoto T, Asai H, Noguchi M, Nishiuchi Y. Chemical and Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Peptide and Protein Therapeutics Conjugated with Human N-Glycans. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202300692. [PMID: 38572578 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most ubiquitous post-translational modifications. It affects the structure and function of peptides/proteins and consequently has a significant impact on various biological events. However, the structural complexity and heterogeneity of glycopeptides/proteins caused by the diversity of glycan structures and glycosylation sites complicates the detailed elucidation of glycan function and hampers their clinical applications. To address these challenges, chemical and/or enzyme-assisted synthesis methods have been developed to realize glycopeptides/proteins with well-defined glycan morphologies. In particular, N-glycans are expected to be useful for improving the solubility, in vivo half-life and aggregation of bioactive peptides/proteins that have had limited clinical applications so far due to their short duration of action in the blood and unsuitable physicochemical properties. Chemical glycosylation performed in a post-synthetic procedure can be used to facilitate the development of glycopeptide/protein analogues or mimetics that are superior to the original molecules in terms of physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. N-glycans are used to modify targets because they are highly biodegradable and biocompatible and have structures that already exist in the human body. On the practical side, from a quality control perspective, close attention should be paid to their structural homogeneity when they are to be applied to pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Ochiai
- GlyTech, Inc., 134 Chudoji Minamimachi KRP #1-2F, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8813, Japan
| | - Sofia Elouali
- GlyTech, Inc., 134 Chudoji Minamimachi KRP #1-2F, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8813, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamamoto
- GlyTech, Inc., 134 Chudoji Minamimachi KRP #1-2F, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8813, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Asai
- GlyTech, Inc., 134 Chudoji Minamimachi KRP #1-2F, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8813, Japan
| | - Masato Noguchi
- GlyTech, Inc., 134 Chudoji Minamimachi KRP #1-2F, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8813, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishiuchi
- GlyTech, Inc., 134 Chudoji Minamimachi KRP #1-2F, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8813, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
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2
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Rabadán González I, McLean JT, Ostrovitsa N, Fitzgerald S, Mezzetta A, Guazzelli L, O'Shea DF, Scanlan EM. A thiol-ene mediated approach for peptide bioconjugation using 'green' solvents under continuous flow. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:2203-2210. [PMID: 38414440 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00122b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Flow chemistry has emerged as an integral process within the chemical sector permitting energy efficient synthetic scale-up while improving safety and minimising solvent usage. Herein, we report the first applications of the photoactivated, radical-mediated thiol-ene reaction for peptide bioconjugation under continuous flow. Bioconjugation reactions employing deep eutectic solvents, bio-based solvents and fully aqueous systems are reported here for a range of biologically relevant peptide substrates. The use of a water soluble photoinitiator, Irgacure 2959, permitted synthesis of glycosylated peptides in fully aqueous conditions, obviating the need for addition of organic solvents and enhancing the green credentials of these rapid, photoactivated, bioconjugation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Rabadán González
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Joshua T McLean
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Nikita Ostrovitsa
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Sheila Fitzgerald
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | | | - Donal F O'Shea
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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3
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Qiu X, Chong D, Fairbanks AJ. Selective Anomeric Acetylation of Unprotected Sugars with Acetic Anhydride in Water. Org Lett 2023; 25:1989-1993. [PMID: 36912487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Unprotected sugars are selectively acetylated simply by stirring in aqueous solution in the presence of acetic anhydride and a weak base such as sodium carbonate. The reaction is selective for acetylation of the anomeric hydroxyl group of mannose, 2-acetamido, and 2-deoxy sugars and can be performed on a large scale. Competitive intramolecular migration of the 1-O-acetate to the 2-hydroxyl group when these two substituents are cis causes over-reaction and the formation of product mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiu
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Chong
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Antony J Fairbanks
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
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4
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Doelman W, van Kasteren SI. Synthesis of glycopeptides and glycopeptide conjugates. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6487-6507. [PMID: 35903971 PMCID: PMC9400947 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00829g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is a key post-translational modification important to many facets of biology. Glycosylation can have critical effects on protein conformation, uptake and intracellular routing. In immunology, glycosylation of antigens has been shown to play a role in self/non-self distinction and the effective uptake of antigens. Improperly glycosylated proteins and peptide fragments, for instance those produced by cancerous cells, are also prime candidates for vaccine design. To study these processes, access to peptides bearing well-defined glycans is of critical importance. In this review, the key approaches towards synthetic, well-defined glycopeptides, are described, with a focus on peptides useful for and used in immunological studies. Special attention is given to the glycoconjugation approaches that have been developed in recent years, as these enable rapid synthesis of various (unnatural) glycopeptides, enabling powerful carbohydrate structure/activity studies. These techniques, combined with more traditional total synthesis and chemoenzymatic methods for the production of glycopeptides, should help unravel some of the complexities of glycobiology in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ward Doelman
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Sander I van Kasteren
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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5
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Hamaya Y, Komura N, Imamura A, Ishida H, Ando H, Tanaka HN. Protecting-group- and microwave-free synthesis of β-glycosyl esters and aryl β-glycosides of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 67:116852. [PMID: 35649323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A protecting-group-free method for synthesis of β-glycosyl esters and aryl β-glycosides was developed by using latent chemical reactivity of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) oxazoline. The GlcNAc oxazoline was spontaneously reacted with carboxylic acids and phenol derivatives via the oxazoline ring opening without the use of a catalyst or heating conditions (i.e., microwave irradiation), affording the desired products in moderate to excellent yields with β-selectivity. This simple protecting-group-free method exhibits a wide substrate scope and good functional group tolerance, and it allows the efficient production of a novel class of GlcNAc-conjugated biomaterials and prodrug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hamaya
- Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Naoko Komura
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Akihiro Imamura
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hideharu Ishida
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hiromune Ando
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Hide-Nori Tanaka
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Oceanography Section, Science Research Center, Kochi University, Kochi 783-8502, Japan.
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Qiu X, Garden AL, Fairbanks AJ. Protecting group free glycosylation: one-pot stereocontrolled access to 1,2- trans glycosides and (1→6)-linked disaccharides of 2-acetamido sugars. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4122-4130. [PMID: 35440979 PMCID: PMC8985506 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00222a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Unprotected 2-acetamido sugars may be directly converted into their oxazolines using 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium chloride (DMC), and a suitable base, in aqueous solution. Freeze drying and acid catalysed reaction with an alcohol as solvent produces the corresponding 1,2-trans-glycosides in good yield. Alternatively, dissolution in an aprotic solvent system and acidic activation in the presence of an excess of an unprotected glycoside as a glycosyl acceptor, results in the stereoselective formation of the corresponding 1,2-trans linked disaccharides without any protecting group manipulations. Reactions using aryl glycosides as acceptors are completely regioselective, producing only the (1→6)-linked disaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiu
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
| | - Anna L Garden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand.,The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington Wellington 6140 New Zealand
| | - Antony J Fairbanks
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand .,Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
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Wen P, Jia P, Fan Q, McCarty BJ, Tang W. Streamlined Iterative Assembly of Thio-Oligosaccharides by Aqueous S-Glycosylation of Diverse Deoxythio Sugars. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102483. [PMID: 34911160 PMCID: PMC9100857 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A streamlined iterative assembly of thio-oligosaccharides was developed by aqueous glycosylation. Facile syntheses of various deoxythio sugars with the sulfur on different positions from commercially available starting materials were described. These syntheses featured efficient chemical methods including our recently reported BTM-catalyzed site-selective acylation. The resulting deoxythio sugars could then be used for the Ca(OH)2 -promoted protecting group-free S-glycosylation in water at room temperature. The aqueous glycosylation reaction proceeded smoothly to afford the corresponding 1,2-trans S-glycosides in good yields with high chemo- and stereoselectivity. An appropriate choice of protecting groups for the thiol in the glycosyl donor was necessary for the development of iterative synthesis of thio-oligosaccharides. The aqueous glycosylation was then applied to the synthesis of a trimannoside moiety of N-linked glycans core region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Peijing Jia
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Qiuhua Fan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Bethany J McCarty
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Weiping Tang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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8
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Chemical (neo)glycosylation of biological drugs. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 171:62-76. [PMID: 33548302 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Biological drugs, specifically proteins and peptides, are a privileged class of medicinal agents and are characterized with high specificity and high potency of therapeutic activity. However, biologics are fragile and require special care during storage, and are often modified to optimize their pharmacokinetics in terms of proteolytic stability and blood residence half-life. In this review, we showcase glycosylation as a method to optimize biologics for storage and application. Specifically, we focus on chemical glycosylation as an approach to modify biological drugs. We present case studies that illustrate the success of this methodology and specifically address the highly important question: does connectivity within the glycoconjugate have to be native or not? We then present the innovative methods of chemical glycosylation of biologics and specifically highlight the emerging and established protecting group-free methodologies of glycosylation. We discuss thermodynamic origins of protein stabilization via glycosylation, and analyze in detail stabilization in terms of proteolytic stability, aggregation upon storage and/or heat treatment. Finally, we present a case study of protein modification using sialic acid-containing glycans to avoid hepatic clearance of biological drugs. This review aims to spur interest in chemical glycosylation as a facile, powerful tool to optimize proteins and peptides as medicinal agents.
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9
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Qiao M, Zhang L, Jiao R, Zhang S, Li B, Zhang X. Chemical and enzymatic synthesis of S-linked sugars and glycoconjugates. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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10
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Fairbanks AJ. Applications of Shoda's reagent (DMC) and analogues for activation of the anomeric centre of unprotected carbohydrates. Carbohydr Res 2020; 499:108197. [PMID: 33256953 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
2-Chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium chloride (DMC, herein also referred to as Shoda's reagent) and its derivatives are useful for numerous synthetic transformations in which the anomeric centre of unprotected reducing sugars is selectively activated in aqueous solution. As such unprotected sugars can undergo anomeric substitution with a range of added nucleophiles, providing highly efficient routes to a range of glycosides and glycoconjugates without the need for traditional protecting group manipulations. This mini-review summarizes the development of DMC and some of its derivatives/analogues, and highlights recent applications for protecting group-free synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony J Fairbanks
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand.
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11
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Meguro Y, Noguchi M, Li G, Shoda SI. Efficient generation of thiolate sugars from glycosyl Bunte salts and its application to S-glycoside synthesis. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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12
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Qiu X, Fairbanks AJ. Direct Synthesis of para-Nitrophenyl Glycosides from Reducing Sugars in Water. Org Lett 2020; 22:2490-2493. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiu
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Antony J. Fairbanks
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
- Biomolecular Interaction Center, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
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13
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Qiu X, Fairbanks AJ. Scope of the DMC mediated glycosylation of unprotected sugars with phenols in aqueous solution. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:7355-7365. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01727b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Activation of reducing sugars in aqueous solution using DMC and triethylamine in the presence of phenols allows direct stereoselective conversion to the corresponding 1,2-trans aryl glycosides without the need for any protecting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch
- New Zealand
| | - Antony J. Fairbanks
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch
- New Zealand
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre
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14
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Izawa H, Kinai M, Ifuku S, Morimoto M, Saimoto H. Guanidinylation of Chitooligosaccharides Involving Internal Cyclization of the Guanidino Group on the Reducing End and Effect of Guanidinylation on Protein Binding Ability. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E259. [PMID: 31284517 PMCID: PMC6681198 DOI: 10.3390/biom9070259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to synthesize a promising material for developing a novel peptide/protein delivery system, guanidinylation of chitooligosaccharides with 1-amidinopyrazole hydrochloride was investigated herein. The production of guanidinylated chitooligosaccharides was demonstrated by infrared spectroscopy (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and elemental analyses. Interestingly, we found that the reducing end in the guanidinylated chitooligosaccharides was converted to a cyclic guanidine structure (2-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]-2-deoxy-d-glucose structure). This reaction was carefully proven by the guanidinylation of d-glucosamine. Although this is not the first report on the synthesis of the 2-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]-2-deoxy-d-glucose, it has provided a rational synthetic route using the high reactivity of the reducing end. Furthermore, we found that the interaction between chitooligosaccharides and bovine serum albumin is weak when in a neutral pH environment; however, it is significantly improved by guanidinylation. The guanidinylated chitooligosaccharides are useful not only for the development of a novel drug delivery system but also as a chitinase/chitosanase inhibitor and an antibacterial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Izawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan.
- Centre for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan.
| | - Mizuki Kinai
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ifuku
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
- Centre for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Minoru Morimoto
- Division of Instrumental Analysis, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Saimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan.
- Centre for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan.
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Fairbanks AJ. Meet the Board of ChemistryOpen: Antony J. Fairbanks. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:188-189. [PMID: 30740293 PMCID: PMC6356170 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antony J. Fairbanks is a Professor in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand. The research of his group focuses on the broad areas of organic synthesis, particularly applied to carbohydrates. He currently serves as an active Editorial Board member for ChemistryOpen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony J. Fairbanks
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CanterburyPrivate Bag 4800Christchurch8140New Zealand
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16
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Sinha AK, Equbal D. Thiol−Ene Reaction: Synthetic Aspects and Mechanistic Studies of an Anti-Markovnikov-Selective Hydrothiolation of Olefins. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arun K. Sinha
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division; C.S.I.R.-Central Drug Research Institute; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research); Lucknow- 226021 (U.P.) India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19; Kamla Nehru Nagar; Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh- 201002
| | - Danish Equbal
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division; C.S.I.R.-Central Drug Research Institute; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research); Lucknow- 226021 (U.P.) India
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17
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Streamlining the chemoenzymatic synthesis of complex N-glycans by a stop and go strategy. Nat Chem 2018; 11:161-169. [PMID: 30532014 PMCID: PMC6347513 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-018-0188-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Contemporary chemoenzymatic approaches can provide highly complex multi-antennary N-linked glycans. These procedures are, however, very demanding and typically involve as many as 100 chemical steps to prepare advanced intermediates that can be diversified by glycosyltransferases in a branch selective manner to give asymmetrical structures commonly found in Nature. Only highly specialized laboratories can perform such syntheses, which greatly hampers progress in glycoscience. Here we describe a biomimetic approach in which a readily available bi-antennary glycopeptide can be converted in 10 or fewer chemical and enzymatic steps into multi-antennary N-glycans that at each arm can be uniquely extended by glycosyltransferases to give access to highly complex asymmetrically branched N-glycans. A key feature of our approach is the installation of additional branching points using recombinant MGAT4 and MGAT5 in combination with unnatural sugar donors. At an appropriate point in the enzymatic synthesis, the unnatural monosaccharides can be converted into their natural counterpart allowing each arm to be elaborated into a unique appendage.
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18
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Janssens J, Risseeuw MDP, Van der Eycken J, Van Calenbergh S. Regioselective Ring Opening of 1,3-Dioxane-Type Acetals in Carbohydrates. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Janssens
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry; Department of Pharmaceutics (FFW); Ghent University; Ottergemsesteenweg 460 9000 Ghent Belgium
- Laboratory for Organic and Bioorganic Synthesis; Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 (S4) 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Martijn D. P. Risseeuw
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry; Department of Pharmaceutics (FFW); Ghent University; Ottergemsesteenweg 460 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Johan Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic and Bioorganic Synthesis; Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 (S4) 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Serge Van Calenbergh
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry; Department of Pharmaceutics (FFW); Ghent University; Ottergemsesteenweg 460 9000 Ghent Belgium
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19
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Ibrahim N, Alami M, Messaoudi S. Recent Advances in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Functionalization of 1-Thiosugars. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nada Ibrahim
- BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud; CNRS; University Paris-Saclay; 92290 Châtenay-Malabry France
| | - Mouad Alami
- BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud; CNRS; University Paris-Saclay; 92290 Châtenay-Malabry France
| | - Samir Messaoudi
- BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud; CNRS; University Paris-Saclay; 92290 Châtenay-Malabry France
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20
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Li G, Noguchi M, Nakamura K, Hayasaka R, Tanaka Y, Shoda SI. First protection-free protocol for synthesis of 1-deoxy sugars through glycosyl dithiocarbamate intermediates. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Tatina MB, Khong DT, Judeh ZMA. Efficient Synthesis of α-Glycosyl Chlorides Using 2-Chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium Chloride: A Convenient Protocol for Quick One-Pot Glycosylation. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Babu Tatina
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2-B1-14 637459 Singapore Singapore
| | - Duc Thinh Khong
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2-B1-14 637459 Singapore Singapore
| | - Zaher M. A. Judeh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2-B1-14 637459 Singapore Singapore
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22
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Fairbanks AJ. Synthetic and semi-synthetic approaches to unprotected N-glycan oxazolines. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:416-429. [PMID: 29520306 PMCID: PMC5827820 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
N-Glycan oxazolines have found widespread use as activated donor substrates for endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (ENGase) enzymes, an important application that has correspondingly stimulated interest in their production, both by total synthesis and by semi-synthesis using oligosaccharides isolated from natural sources. Amongst the many synthetic approaches reported, the majority rely on the fabrication (either by total synthesis, or semi-synthesis from locust bean gum) of a key Manβ(1-4)GlcNAc disaccharide, which can then be elaborated at the 3- and 6-positions of the mannose unit using standard glycosylation chemistry. Early approaches subsequently relied on the Lewis acid catalysed conversion of peracetylated N-glycan oligosaccharides produced in this manner into their corresponding oxazolines, followed by global deprotection. However, a key breakthrough in the field has been the development by Shoda of 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium chloride (DMC), and related reagents, which can direct convert an oligosaccharide with a 2-acetamido sugar at the reducing terminus directly into the corresponding oxazoline in water. Therefore, oxazoline formation can now be achieved in water as the final step of any synthetic sequence, obviating the need for any further protecting group manipulations, and simplifying synthetic strategies. As an alternative to total synthesis, significant quantities of several structurally complicated N-glycans can be isolated from natural sources, such as egg yolks and soy bean flour. Enzymatic transformations of these materials, in concert with DMC-mediated oxazoline formation as a final step, allow access to a selection of N-glycan oxazoline structures both in larger quantities and in a more expedient fashion than is achievable by total synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony J Fairbanks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
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23
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Alexander SR, Williams GM, Brimble MA, Fairbanks AJ. A double-click approach to the protecting group free synthesis of glycoconjugates. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:1258-1262. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00072g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The use of a bi-functional linker, containing an alkyne and an alkene, allows the protecting group free conjugation of reducing sugars to thiols via a double click process.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. R. Alexander
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch 8140
- New Zealand
| | - G. M. Williams
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery
| | - M. A. Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery
| | - A. J. Fairbanks
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch 8140
- New Zealand
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre
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24
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Meguro Y, Noguchi M, Li G, Shoda SI. Glycosyl Bunte Salts: A Class of Intermediates for Sugar Chemistry. Org Lett 2017; 20:76-79. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Meguro
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering,
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Masato Noguchi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering,
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Gefei Li
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering,
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Shoda
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering,
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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25
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Liu H, Zhang Y, Wei R, Andolina G, Li X. Total Synthesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1244 Pilin Glycan via de Novo Synthesis of Pseudaminic Acid. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:13420-13428. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b06055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- Department of Chemistry,
State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong
Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry,
State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong
Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Ruohan Wei
- Department of Chemistry,
State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong
Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Gloria Andolina
- Department of Chemistry,
State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong
Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry,
State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong
Kong SAR 999077, China
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26
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Serizawa K, Noguchi M, Li G, Shoda SI. First Detection of Unprotected 1,2-Anhydro Aldopyranoses. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.170348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazunari Serizawa
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-514, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579
| | - Masato Noguchi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-514, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579
| | - Gefei Li
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-514, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579
| | - Shin-ichiro Shoda
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-514, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579
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27
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Downey AM, Hocek M. Strategies toward protecting group-free glycosylation through selective activation of the anomeric center. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:1239-1279. [PMID: 28694870 PMCID: PMC5496566 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is an immensely important biological process and one that is highly controlled and very efficient in nature. However, in a chemical laboratory the process is much more challenging and usually requires the extensive use of protecting groups to squelch reactivity at undesired reactive moieties. Nonetheless, by taking advantage of the differential reactivity of the anomeric center, a selective activation at this position is possible. As a result, protecting group-free strategies to effect glycosylations are available thanks to the tremendous efforts of many research groups. In this review, we showcase the methods available for the selective activation of the anomeric center on the glycosyl donor and the mechanisms by which the glycosylation reactions take place to illustrate the power these techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Michael Downey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nam. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Hocek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nam. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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