1
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Kamboj N, Metre RK. Designing a Phenalenyl-Based Dinuclear Ni(II) Complex: An Electrocatalyst with Two Single Ni Sites for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER). Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9771-9785. [PMID: 38738854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
A new dinuclear Ni(II) complex 1, [Ni2II(dtbh-PLY)2], is synthesized from 9-(2-(3,6-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylidene)hydrazineyl)-1H-phenalen-1-one, dtbh-PLYH2 ligand, and structurally characterized by various analytical tools including the single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) technique. In the solid state, both Ni(II) metal centers in complex 1 exist in a distorted square planar geometry and display the presence of rare Ni···H-C anagostic interactions to form a one-dimensional (1-D) linear motif in the supramolecular array. Complex 1 is further stabilized in the solid state by π-π-stacking interactions between the highly delocalized phenalenyl rings. The redox features of complex 1 have been analyzed by the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique in solution as well as in the solid state, revealing the crucial involvement of both the Ni(II) metal centers for undergoing quasi-reversible oxidation reactions on the application of an anodic sweep. A complex 1-modified glassy carbon electrode, GC-1, is employed as an electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in 1.0 M KOH, giving an OER onset at 1.45 V, and very low OER overpotential, 300 mV vs the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) to reach 10 mA cm-2 current density. Furthermore, GC-1 displayed fast OER kinetics with a Tafel slope of 40 mV dec-1, a significantly lower Tafel slope value than those of previously reported molecular Ni(II) catalysts. In situ electrochemical experiments and postoperational UV-vis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies were performed to analyze the stability of the molecular nature of complex 1 and to gain reasonable insights into the true OER catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Kamboj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan 342030, India
| | - Ramesh K Metre
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan 342030, India
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2
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Kamboj N, Dey A, Lama P, Majumder M, Sengupta S, Metre RK. A closed-shell phenalenyl-based dinuclear iron(III) complex as a robust cathode for a one-compartment H 2O 2 fuel cell. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17163-17175. [PMID: 37877475 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02975a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Closed-shell phenalenyl (PLY) systems are increasingly becoming more attractive as building blocks for developing promising catalysts and electroactive cathode materials, as they have tremendous potential to accept electrons and participate in redox reactions. Herein, we report a PLY-based dinuclear [FeIII2(hmbh-PLY)3] complex, 1, and its utility as a cathode material in a H2O2 fuel cell. Complex 1 was synthesized from a new Schiff base ligand, (E)-9-(2-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazineyl)-1H-phenalen-1-one, hmbh-PLYH2, designed using a PLY precursor, Hz-PLY. The newly derived ligand and complex 1 were characterized by various analytical techniques, including single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD). The cyclic voltammetry (CV) study revealed that complex 1 undergoes five electron reductions under an applied electric potential. When the electroactive complex 1 was employed as a cathode in a membrane-less one-compartment H2O2 fuel cell, with Ni foam as the corresponding anode, the designed fuel cell exhibited an exceptionally high peak power density (PPD) of 2.41 mW cm-2, in comparison with those of all the previously reported Fe-based molecular complexes. DFT studies were performed to gain reasonable insights into the two-electron catalytic reduction (pathway I) of H2O2 by the Fe-center of complex 1 and to explore the geometries, energetics of the electrocatalyst, reactive intermediates and transition states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Kamboj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India.
| | - Ayan Dey
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India.
| | - Prem Lama
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Haridwar Road, Mokhampur, Dehradun 248005, India
| | - Moumita Majumder
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India.
| | - Srijan Sengupta
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India.
| | - Ramesh K Metre
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342030, India.
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3
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Singh V, Jain H, Nath S, Adhikari D. Multielectron Redox Afforded by a Pincer Ligand Promoting Kumada Cross-Coupling Reactions. Chemistry 2023:e202303189. [PMID: 37988192 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
The redox-active nature of a pincer has been exploited to conduct C-C cross-coupling reactions under mild conditions. A nickel complex with a NNN pincer was dimeric in the solid state, and the structure displayed a Ni2 N2 diamond core. In the dimeric structure, both ligand backbones house an electron, in the iminosemiquinonate form, to keep the metal's oxidation state at +2. In the presence of an aryl Grignard reagent, only 3 mol % loading the nickel complex generates a Kumada cross-coupled product in good yield from a wide variety of aryl-X (X= I, Br, Cl) substrates. That the ligand-based radical remains responsible for promoting such a coupling reaction following a radical pathway is suggested by TEMPO quenching. Furthermore, a radical-clock experiment along with tracing product distribution unambiguously supported the radical's involvement through the catalytic cycle. A series of thorough mechanistic probation, including computational DFT analysis, disclosed the cooperative action of both redox-active pincer ligand and the metal centre to drive the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikramjeet Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, SAS Nagar, 140306, India
| | - Harshit Jain
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, SAS Nagar, 140306, India
| | - Shounak Nath
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, United States
| | - Debashis Adhikari
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, SAS Nagar, 140306, India
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4
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Nickel-catalyzed cooperative B-H bond activation for hydroboration of N‑heteroarenes, ketones and imines. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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5
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Kobayashi K, Nakazawa H. Research on inorganic activators of dibromo Co-terpyridine complex precatalyst for hydrosilylation. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:18685-18692. [PMID: 36448645 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03471a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The search for a stable, inexpensive, and easy-to-handle activator toward the catalyst precursor [Co(tpy)Br2] in the hydrosilylation of olefins with hydrosilane revealed that K2CO3 is an effective activator. This inorganic salt is available on substrates with some functional groups and can be readily removed by simple filtration or centrifugation after the reaction. After examining and comparing the activator abilities of various salts, it was proposed that low MX lattice energy, high X-nucleophilicity, and a strong Si-X bond are necessary for an inorganic salt (MX) to be an excellent activator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuaki Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Nakazawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
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6
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Singh K, Kundu A, Adhikari D. Ligand-Based Redox: Catalytic Applications and Mechanistic Aspects. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, SAS Nagar, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Abhishek Kundu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, SAS Nagar, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Debashis Adhikari
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, SAS Nagar, Manauli 140306, India
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7
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Chang ASM, Kawamura KE, Henness HS, Salpino VM, Greene JC, Zakharov LN, Cook AK. (NHC)Ni(0)-Catalyzed Branched-Selective Alkene Hydrosilylation with Secondary and Tertiary Silanes. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alison Sy-min Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Kiana E. Kawamura
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Hayden S. Henness
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Victor M. Salpino
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Jack C. Greene
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Lev N. Zakharov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Amanda K. Cook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
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8
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Mourão H, Gomes CSB, Realista S, Royo B. Visible Light‐Induced Catalytic Hydrosilylation of Ketones Mediated by Manganese NHC Complexes. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Mourão
- ITQB NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República Oeiras Portugal
| | - Clara S. B. Gomes
- LAQV‐REQUIMTE and UCIBIO‐Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, Campus de Caparica NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon Caparica Portugal
- Associated Laboratory i4HB‐Institute for Health and Bioeconomy School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon Caparica Portugal
| | - Sara Realista
- ITQB NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República Oeiras Portugal
- Centro de Química Estrutural Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Ed. C8 Lisboa Portugal
| | - Beatriz Royo
- ITQB NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República Oeiras Portugal
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9
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Das A, Schleinitz J, Karmazin L, Vincent B, Le Breton N, Rogez G, Guenet A, Choua S, Grimaud L, Desage‐El Murr M. A Single Bioinspired Hexameric Nickel Catechol–Alloxazine Catalyst Combines Metal and Radical Mechanisms for Alkene Hydrosilylation. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200596. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agnideep Das
- Université de Strasbourg Institut de Chimie, CNRS UMR7177 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Jules Schleinitz
- Laboratoire des biomolécules LBM, Chemistry Department École normale supérieure PSL University Sorbonne Université, CNRS 75005 Paris France
| | - Lydia Karmazin
- Université de Strasbourg Institut de Chimie, CNRS UMR7177 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Bruno Vincent
- Université de Strasbourg Institut de Chimie, CNRS UMR7177 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Nolwenn Le Breton
- Université de Strasbourg Institut de Chimie, CNRS UMR7177 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Guillaume Rogez
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7504 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Aurélie Guenet
- Université de Strasbourg Institut de Chimie, CNRS UMR7177 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Sylvie Choua
- Université de Strasbourg Institut de Chimie, CNRS UMR7177 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Laurence Grimaud
- Laboratoire des biomolécules LBM, Chemistry Department École normale supérieure PSL University Sorbonne Université, CNRS 75005 Paris France
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10
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Ahmed J, Mandal SK. Phenalenyl Radical: Smallest Polycyclic Odd Alternant Hydrocarbon Present in the Graphene Sheet. Chem Rev 2022; 122:11369-11431. [PMID: 35561295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Phenalenyl, a zigzag-edged odd alternant hydrocarbon unit can be found in the graphene nanosheet. Hückel molecular orbital calculations indicate the presence of a nonbonding molecular orbital (NBMO), which originates from the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) arising from 13 carbon atoms of the phenalenyl molecule. Three redox states (cationic, neutral radical, and anionic) of the phenalenyl-based molecules were attributed to the presence of this NBMO. The cationic state can undergo two consecutive reductions to result in neutral radical and anionic states, stepwise, respectively. The phenalenyl-based radicals were found as crucial building blocks and attracted the attention of various research fields such as organic synthesis, material science, computation, and device physics. From 2012 onward, a strategy was devised using the cationic state of phenalenyl-based molecules and in situ generated phenalenyl radicals, which created a new domain of catalysis. The in situ generated phenalenyl radicals were utilized for the single electron transfer (SET) process resulting in redox catalysis. This emerging range of applications rejuvenates the more than six decades-old phenalenyl chemistry. This review captures such developments ranging from fundamental understanding to multidirectional applications of phenalenyl-based radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasimuddin Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Swadhin K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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11
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Anticancer, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and DNA-Binding Study of Metal-Phenalenyl Complexes. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:8453159. [PMID: 35464734 PMCID: PMC9023202 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8453159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenalenyl (PLY)-based metal complexes are a new addition to the metal complex family. Various applications of metal-based phenalenyl complexes (metal-PLY) have been reported, such as catalyst, quantum spin simulators, spin electronic devices, and molecular conductors, but the biological significance of metal-PLY (metal = Co(II), Mn(III), Ni(II), Fe(III), and Al(III)) systems has yet to be explored. In this study, the anticancer properties of such complexes were investigated in ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3 and HEY A8), and the cytotoxicity was comparable to that of other platinum-based drugs. Antibacterial activity of the metal-PLY complexes against both gram-negative (E. coli) and gram-positive (S. aureus) bacteria was studied using a disk diffusion test and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods. All five metal-PLY complexes showed significant antibacterial activity against both bacterial strains. The antioxidant properties of metal-PLY complexes were evaluated following the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging method and were acceptable. The DNA-binding properties of these metal-PLY complexes were investigated using absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, viscosity measurements, and thermal denaturation methods. Experimental evidence revealed that the complexes bind to DNA through intercalation, and the molecular docking study supported this conclusion.
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12
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Banik A, Mandal SK. Tuning Redox States of Phenalenyl-Based Molecules by Consecutive Reduction toward Transition Metal-Free Heck-Type C–C Cross-Coupling. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Banik
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Swadhin K. Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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13
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Kamboj N, Mali G, Lama P, Erande RD, Metre RK. Designing a Redox Noninnocent Phenalenyl-Based Copper(II) Complex: An Autotandem Catalyst for the Selective Oxidation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:8789-8797. [PMID: 35309439 PMCID: PMC8928492 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A square-planar [CuIIL] complex 1, based on the redox-active phenalenyl unit LH2 = 9,9'-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(azanediyl))bis(1H-phenalen-1-one), is prepared and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Complex 1 crystallizes at room temperature with the P1 space group. The molecular structure of 1 reveals the presence of intriguing C-H···Cu intermolecular anagostic interactions of the order ∼2.7715 Å. Utilizing the presence of anagostic interactions and the free nonbonding molecular orbitals (NBMOs) of the closed-shell phenalenyl unit in 1, the oxidation reactions of some industrially important polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the presence of the [CuIIL] complex under very mild conditions have been reported. The direct conversion of anthracene-9-carbaldehyde to 9,10-anthraquinone in one step concludes that the catalyst shows dual activity in the chemical transformations. This also includes the first report of a "single-step" catalytic transformation of pyrene-1-carbaldehyde to the synthetically difficult pyren-4-ol, a precursor for the synthesis of several novel fluorescent probes for cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Kamboj
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ghanshyam Mali
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prem Lama
- CSIR-Indian
Institute of Petroleum, Haridwar Road, Mokhampur, Dehradun 248005, India
| | - Rohan D. Erande
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ramesh K. Metre
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, Rajasthan, India
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14
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Li DJ, Gao F, Xu H. Dimerization of the BNB/NBN Bond Embedded Phenalenyls. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj06166f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two plane-like molecules 1 and 2 were designed and characterized by the introduction of BNB or NBN bonds into the plane phenalenyl. The ocalized molecular orbital (LMO) analysis show three...
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15
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Chakraborty S, Das A, Mandal SK. Redox-active ligand based Mn(I)-catalyst for hydrosilylative ester reduction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12671-12674. [PMID: 34779467 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05614j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein a Mn(I) catalyst bearing a redox-active phenalenyl (PLY) based ligand is reported for the efficient hydrosilylation of esters to alcohols using the inexpensive silane source polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) under mild conditions. Mechanistic investigations suggest a strong ligand-metal cooperation where a ligand-based single electron transfer (SET) process initiates the reaction through Si-H bond activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumi Chakraborty
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Pin-741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
| | - Arpan Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Pin-741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
| | - Swadhin K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Pin-741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
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16
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Murata T, Yamamoto Y, Ueda A, Ise T, Shiomi D, Sato K, Takui T, Morita Y. Synthesis and Physical Properties of Trioxotriangulene Having Methoxy and Hydroxy Groups at α-Positions: Electronic and Steric Effects of Substituent Groups and Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10154-10165. [PMID: 34282916 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
New 4,8,12-trioxotriangulene (TOT) neutral radical derivatives having three methoxy and hydroxy groups at the α-positions were synthesized, and the substituent effects on the electronic spin and redox properties were elucidated in the theoretical and experimental methods. Due to the small SOMO coefficients at the α-positions of TOT, the methoxy groups in the TOT neutral radical had negligible effects on the electronic spin structure and redox ability. On the other hand, methoxy groups greatly increased the LUMO energy having large coefficients at α-positions and, thus, caused a remarkable negative-potential shift of the redox wave of anion species involving the dianion and trianion species. Converting the methoxy groups to hydroxy groups caused a dramatic change in the electronic structure of TOT, where the intramolecular hydrogen bonds between hydroxy groups and oxo groups strongly attracted a minus charge on the TOT skeleton. The HOMO energy of the monoanion species was significantly reduced, causing a blue shift of the HOMO-LUMO transition and an anodic shift of the redox potential. In addition, due to the steric repulsion smaller than that of the methoxy group, the hydroxy derivative showed a more planar molecular structure and a strong π-stacking ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Murata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology,1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa, Toyota, Aichi 470-0392, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Akira Ueda
- Department of Chemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Ise
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Daisuke Shiomi
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Sato
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Takeji Takui
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yasushi Morita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology,1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa, Toyota, Aichi 470-0392, Japan
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17
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Butsch K, Haseloer A, Schmitz S, Ott I, Schur J, Klein A. Fe III, Cu II and Zn II Complexes of the Rigid 9-Oxido-phenalenone Ligand-Spectroscopy, Electrochemistry, and Cytotoxic Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3976. [PMID: 33921452 PMCID: PMC8070161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The three complexes [Fe(opo)3], [Cu(opo)2], and [Zn(opo)2] containing the non-innocent anionic ligand opo- (opo- = 9-oxido-phenalenone, Hopo = 9-hydroxyphenalonone) were synthesised from the corresponding acetylacetonates. [Zn(opo)2] was characterised using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, the paramagnetic [Fe(opo)3] and [Cu(opo)2] by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. While the EPR spectra of [Cu(opo)2] and [Cu(acac)2] in dimethylformamide (DMF) solution are very similar, a rather narrow spectrum was observed for [Fe(opo)3] in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution in contrast to the very broad spectrum of [Fe(acac)3] in THF (Hacac = acetylacetone, 2,4-pentanedione; acac- = acetylacetonate). The narrow, completely isotropic signal of [Fe(opo)3] disagrees with a metal-centred S = 5/2 spin system that is observed in the solid state. We assume spin-delocalisation to the opo ligand in the sense of an opo- to FeIII electron transfer. All compounds show several electrochemical opo-centred reduction waves in the range of -1 to -3 V vs. the ferrocene/ferrocenium couple. However, for CuII and FeIII the very first one-electron reductions are metal-centred. Electronic absorption in the UV to vis range are due to π-π* transitions in the opo core, giving Hopo and [Zn(opo)2] a yellow to orange colour. The structured bands ranging from 400 to 500 for all compounds are assigned to the lowest energy π-π* transitions. They show markedly higher intensities and slight shifts for the CuII (brown) and FeIII (red) complexes and we assume admixing metal contributions (MLCT for CuII, LMCT for FeIII). For both complexes long-wavelength absorptions assignable to d-d transitions were detected. Detailed spectroelectrochemical experiments confirm both the electrochemical and the optical assignments. Hopo and the complexes [Cu(opo)2], [Zn(opo)2], and [Fe(opo)3] show antiproliferative activities against HT-29 (colon cancer) and MCF-7 (breast cancer) cell lines in the range of a few µM, comparable to cisplatin under the same conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Butsch
- Department für Chemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstraße 6, D-50939 Köln, Germany; (K.B.); (A.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Alexander Haseloer
- Department für Chemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstraße 6, D-50939 Köln, Germany; (K.B.); (A.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Simon Schmitz
- Department für Chemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstraße 6, D-50939 Köln, Germany; (K.B.); (A.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Ingo Ott
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 55, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (I.O.); (J.S.)
| | - Julia Schur
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 55, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (I.O.); (J.S.)
| | - Axel Klein
- Department für Chemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstraße 6, D-50939 Köln, Germany; (K.B.); (A.H.); (S.S.)
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18
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Wu X, Ding G, Lu W, Yang L, Wang J, Zhang Y, Xie X, Zhang Z. Nickel-Catalyzed Hydrosilylation of Terminal Alkenes with Primary Silanes via Electrophilic Silicon-Hydrogen Bond Activation. Org Lett 2021; 23:1434-1439. [PMID: 33522233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a simple and effective nickel-based catalytic system, NiCl2·6H2O/tBuOK, for the electrophilically activated hydrosilylation of terminal alkenes with primary silanes. This protocol provides excellent performance under mild reaction conditions: exclusive anti-Markovnikov selectivity, broad functional group tolerance (36 examples), and good scalability (TON = 5500). However, the secondary and tertiary silanes are not suitable. Mechanistic studies revealed that this homogeneous catalytic hydrosilylation includes an electrophilically activated Si-H bond process without the generation of nickel hydrides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guangni Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wenkui Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Liqun Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jingyang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaomin Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhaoguo Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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19
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Das A, Ahmed J, Rajendran NM, Adhikari D, Mandal SK. A Bottleable Imidazole-Based Radical as a Single Electron Transfer Reagent. J Org Chem 2021; 86:1246-1252. [PMID: 33280378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Reduction of 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-2,4-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (1) resulted in the formation of the first structurally characterized imidazole-based radical 2. 2 was established as a single electron transfer reagent by treating it with an acceptor molecule tetracyanoethylene. Moreover, radical 2 was utilized as an organic electron donor in a number of organic transformations such as in activation of an aryl-halide bond, alkene hydrosilylation, and in catalytic reduction of CO2 to methoxyborane, all under ambient temperature and pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Jasimuddin Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - N M Rajendran
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Debashis Adhikari
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, SAS Nagar, 140306, India
| | - Swadhin K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
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20
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Jakoobi M, Dardun V, Camp C, Thieuleux C. Co 2(CO) 8 as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of functionalized polymethylhydrosiloxane oils and unconventional cross-linked materials. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00191d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Co2(CO)8 was found to be an effective and structurally simple catalyst for the functionalization of polymethylhydrosiloxane into functional silicone fluids using terminal alkenes and into cross-linked silicone materials using unconventional tethers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Jakoobi
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials
- CP2M UMR 5128 CNRS-UCB Lyon 1-CPE Lyon
- Université de Lyon
- Institut de Chimie de Lyon
- F-69616 Villeurbanne
| | - Vincent Dardun
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials
- CP2M UMR 5128 CNRS-UCB Lyon 1-CPE Lyon
- Université de Lyon
- Institut de Chimie de Lyon
- F-69616 Villeurbanne
| | - Clément Camp
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials
- CP2M UMR 5128 CNRS-UCB Lyon 1-CPE Lyon
- Université de Lyon
- Institut de Chimie de Lyon
- F-69616 Villeurbanne
| | - Chloé Thieuleux
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials
- CP2M UMR 5128 CNRS-UCB Lyon 1-CPE Lyon
- Université de Lyon
- Institut de Chimie de Lyon
- F-69616 Villeurbanne
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21
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Ahmed J, Datta P, Das A, Jomy S, Mandal SK. Switching between mono and doubly reduced odd alternant hydrocarbon: designing a redox catalyst. Chem Sci 2020; 12:3039-3049. [PMID: 34164073 PMCID: PMC8179390 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05972b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the early Hückel molecular orbital (HMO) calculations in 1950, it has been well known that the odd alternant hydrocarbon (OAH), the phenalenyl (PLY) system, can exist in three redox states: closed shell cation (12π e−), mono-reduced open shell neutral radical (13π e−) and doubly reduced closed shell anion (14π e−). Switching from one redox state of PLY to another leads to a slight structural change owing to its low energy of disproportionation making the electron addition or removal process facile. To date, mono-reduced PLY based radicals have been extensively studied. However, the reactivity and application of doubly reduced PLY species have not been explored so far. In this work, we report the synthesis of the doubly reduced PLY species (14π e−) and its application towards the development of redox catalysis via switching with the mono-reduced form (13π e−) for aryl halide activation and functionalization under transition metal free conditions without any external stimuli such as heat, light or cathodic current supply. A doubly reduced redox non-innocent phenalenyl based transition metal free catalyst has been designed and utilized in the development of the C–C cross coupling reaction through the activation of aryl halides at room temperature.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasimuddin Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata Mohanpur-741246 India
| | - Paramita Datta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata Mohanpur-741246 India
| | - Arpan Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata Mohanpur-741246 India
| | - Stephy Jomy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata Mohanpur-741246 India .,Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai-600036 India
| | - Swadhin K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata Mohanpur-741246 India
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22
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Chakraborty S, Das A, Ahmed J, Barman S, Mandal SK. Designing a Cr-catalyst bearing redox non-innocent phenalenyl-based ligand towards hydrosilylative CO 2 functionalization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13788-13791. [PMID: 33073795 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05348a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of a Cr(iii)-complex bearing a redox non-innocent phenalenyl-based ligand and its use as a catalyst for SET mediated hydrosilylative reduction of carbon dioxide towards formylation of primary amides under mild conditions. A preliminary mechanistic picture for this transformation has been proposed by isolation and characterization of several reactive intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumi Chakraborty
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Nadia, 741246, West Bengal, India.
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23
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Taguchi D, Kobayashi K, Moriuchi T, Nakazawa H. Regioselective Hydrosilylation of Olefins Catalyzed by Co-Iminobipyridine Complexes: The Role of Cyclohexyl Substituent on the Imino Nitrogen. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Taguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Moriuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakazawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
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25
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26
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Elsby MR, Baker RT. Strategies and mechanisms of metal–ligand cooperativity in first-row transition metal complex catalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:8933-8987. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00509f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of metal–ligand cooperation (MLC) by transition metal bifunctional catalysts has emerged at the forefront of homogeneous catalysis science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Elsby
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - R. Tom Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
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27
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Deka R, Junk PC, Turner DR, Deacon GB, Singh HB. An insight into the redox activity of Ru and Os complexes of the N,N′-bis(2-pyridyl)benzene-1,2-diamine ligand: Structural, electrochemical and electronic structure analysis by density functional theory calculations. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Govindarajan R, Ahmed J, Swain AK, Mandal SK. Transition-Metal-Free Catalytic Carboalkoxylation of Styrenes at Room Temperature. J Org Chem 2019; 84:13490-13502. [PMID: 31533421 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the first transition-metal-free catalytic carboalkoxylation of styrenes with aryl diazonium salts by Meerwein addition in the presence of a phenalenyl ligand at room temperature without requiring any light stimulation. This three-component reaction allows facile difunctionalization of styrene derivatives with various alcohols (such as 1, 2, and 3°) as the source of alkoxy group during this transformation. The key intermediates and the transition states involved in this reaction path were unraveled by a series of control experiments coupled with density functional theory calculations. The full mechanistic investigation provides an understanding of the selectivity toward carboalkoxylation (Meerwein arylation addition elimination) in the presence of various alcohols over the simple arylation to multiple bond (Meerwein arylation-elimination) reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Govindarajan
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur 741246 , India
| | - Jasimuddin Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur 741246 , India
| | - Asim Kumar Swain
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur 741246 , India
| | - Swadhin K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur 741246 , India
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29
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Bhunia M, Sahoo SR, Shaw BK, Vaidya S, Pariyar A, Vijaykumar G, Adhikari D, Mandal SK. Storing redox equivalent in the phenalenyl backbone towards catalytic multi-electron reduction. Chem Sci 2019; 10:7433-7441. [PMID: 31489166 PMCID: PMC6713874 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02057h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Storing and transferring electrons for multi-electron reduction processes are considered to be the key steps in various important chemical and biological transformations. In this work, we accomplished multi-electron reduction of a carboxylic acid via a hydrosilylation pathway where a redox-active phenalenyl backbone in Co(PLY-O,O)2(THF)2, stores electrons and plays a preponderant role in the entire process. This reduction proceeds by single electron transfer (SET) from the mono-reduced ligand backbone leading to the cleavage of the Si-H bond. Several important intermediates along the catalytic reduction reaction have been isolated and well characterized to prove that the redox equivalent is stored in the form of a C-H bond in the PLY backbone via a ligand dearomatization process. The ligand's extensive participation in storing a hydride equivalent has been conclusively elucidated via a deuterium labelling experiment. This is a rare example where the ligand orchestrates the multielectron reduction process leaving only the metal to maintain the conformational requirements and fine tunes the electronics of the catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinal Bhunia
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur-741246 , India .
| | - Sumeet Ranjan Sahoo
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur-741246 , India .
| | - Bikash Kumar Shaw
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur-741246 , India .
| | - Shefali Vaidya
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Mohali , SAS Nagar-140306 , India .
| | - Anand Pariyar
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur-741246 , India .
| | - Gonela Vijaykumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur-741246 , India .
| | - Debashis Adhikari
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Mohali , SAS Nagar-140306 , India .
| | - Swadhin K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur-741246 , India .
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30
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Das S, Das HS, Singh B, Haridasan RK, Das A, Mandal SK. Catalytic Reduction of Nitriles by Polymethylhydrosiloxane Using a Phenalenyl-Based Iron(III) Complex. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:11274-11278. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shyamal Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research—Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Hari Sankar Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research—Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Bhagat Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research—Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Rahul Koottanil Haridasan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research—Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Arpan Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research—Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Swadhin K. Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research—Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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31
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Kubo T. Synthesis, Physical Properties, and Reactivity of Stable, π-Conjugated, Carbon-Centered Radicals. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24040665. [PMID: 30781859 PMCID: PMC6412856 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, long-lived, organic radical species have attracted much attention from chemists and material scientists because of their unique electronic properties derived from their magnetic spin and singly occupied molecular orbitals. Most stable and persistent organic radicals are heteroatom-centered radicals, whereas carbon-centered radicals are generally very reactive and therefore have had limited applications. Because the physical properties of carbon-centered radicals depend predominantly on the topology of the π-electron array, the development of new carbon-centered radicals is key to new basic molecular skeletons that promise novel and diverse applications of spin materials. This account summarizes our recent studies on the development of novel carbon-centered radicals, including phenalenyl, fluorenyl, and triarylmethyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kubo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
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32
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Vijaykumar G, Bhunia M, Mandal SK. A phenalenyl-based nickel catalyst for the hydroboration of olefins under ambient conditions. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:5779-5784. [PMID: 30976767 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00468h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this report, nickel-catalyzed hydroboration of vinylarenes and aliphatic alkenes is investigated. The non-innocent phenalenyl ligand moiety in the nickel complex Ni(PLY)2(THF)2 (1) was utilized as an electron reservoir for the selective hydroboration reaction in the presence of pinacolborane under ambient conditions. The mechanistic investigations revealed that the alkene hydroboration reaction takes place through a single electron transfer (SET) from the phenalenyl ligand backbone leading to the cleavage of the B-H bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonela Vijaykumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India.
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33
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Rock CL, Trovitch RJ. Anti-Markovnikov terminal and gem-olefin hydrosilylation using a κ4-diimine nickel catalyst: selectivity for alkene hydrosilylation over ether C–O bond cleavage. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:461-467. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04608e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The hydrosilylation of terminal alkenes, allyl ethers, and gem-olefins has been demonstrated using (Ph2PPrDI)Ni between 25 and 70 °C.
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34
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Vardhanapu PK, Ahmed J, Jose A, Shaw BK, Sen TK, Mathews AA, Mandal SK. Phenalenyl Based Aluminum Compound for Catalytic C-H Arylation of Arene and Heteroarenes at Room Temperature. J Org Chem 2018; 84:289-299. [PMID: 30507198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Main group metal based catalysis has been considered to be a cost-effective alternative way to the transition metal based catalysis, due to the high abundance of main group metals in the Earth's crust. Among the main group metals, aluminum is the most abundant (7-8%) in the Earth's crust, making the development of aluminum based catalysts very attractive. So far, aluminum based compounds have been popularly used as Lewis acids in a variety of organic reactions, but chemical transformation demanding a redox based process has never utilized an Al(III) complex as a catalyst. Herein, we tuned the redox noninnocence behavior of a phenalenyl ligand by coupling with Al(III) ion, which subsequently can store the electron upon reduction with K to carry out direct C-H arylation of heteroarenes/mesitylene at ambient temperature. A mechanistic investigation revealed that a three-electron reduced phenalenyl based triradical aluminum(III) complex plays the key role in such catalysis. The electronic structure of the catalytically active triradical species has been probed using EPR spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and electronic structure calculations using a DFT method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan K Vardhanapu
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur - 741246 , India
| | - Jasimuddin Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur - 741246 , India
| | - Anex Jose
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur - 741246 , India
| | - Bikash Kumar Shaw
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur - 741246 , India
| | - Tamal K Sen
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur - 741246 , India
| | - Amita A Mathews
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Loyola College , University of Madras , Nungambakkam, Chennai - 600034 , India
| | - Swadhin K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur - 741246 , India
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35
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Alaji Z, Safaei E, Yi H, Cong H, Wojtczak A, Lei A. Redox active ligand and metal cooperation for C(sp 2)-H oxidation: extension of the galactose oxidase mechanism in water-mediated amide formation. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:15293-15297. [PMID: 30325380 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03477j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Redox interplay between a ligand and a metal can provide a profound driving force for the promotion of unprecedented reactions. This work presents an intriguing water-assisted oxidative transformation of imine to amide with no formal change in the metal oxidation state in the copper and nickel complexes of an aminophenol ligand versus a zinc analogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Alaji
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 45137-66731, Zanjan, Iran
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Chakraborty S, Ahmed J, Shaw BK, Jose A, Mandal SK. An Iron-Based Long-Lived Catalyst for Direct C-H Arylation of Arenes and Heteroarenes. Chemistry 2018; 24:17651-17655. [PMID: 30246421 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Direct C-H arylation of arenes and heteroarenes to biaryls at ambient temperature has been accomplished using a phenalenyl-supported iron(III) catalyst. The present catalyst requires a chemical reductant such as potassium and functions without any light stimulation. C-H arylation of various heteroarenes including pyridine as well as unactivated arene such as benzene delivered good to excellent yield (28 examples, up to 92 %) at room temperature. A combined effort based on experiments and theoretical calculations established that a phenalenyl-based radical species (generated by chemical reduction of the iron(III) coordinated phenalenyl complex) plays key role during the catalysis. Furthermore, this catalyst displayed remarkable stability during the catalysis, as evident from the fact that it was still usable over ten consecutive catalytic runs without losing its catalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumi Chakraborty
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-, 741246, India
| | - Jasimuddin Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-, 741246, India
| | - Bikash Kumar Shaw
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-, 741246, India
| | - Anex Jose
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-, 741246, India
| | - Swadhin K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-, 741246, India
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