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Cheng W, Liu Y, Yang X, Yan S, Huang G, Zhang H, Tang Z, Zhou H. Effect of Facet on Local Electron Density of Oxygen Vacancy in Catalysts for Nitrogen Electro-Reduction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2312210. [PMID: 38600878 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202312210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen-vacancy (Ov) engineering is an effective strategy to manipulate the electronic configuration of catalysts for electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (eNRR). The influence of the stable facet on the electronic configuration of Ov is widely studied, however, the effect of the reactive facet on the local electron density of Ov is unveiled. In this work, an eNRR electrode R(111)-TiO2/HGO is provided with a high proportion exposed reactive facet (111) of rutile-TiO2 (denoted as R(111)-TiO2) nanocrystals with Ov anchored in hierarchically porous graphite oxide (HGO) nanofilms. The R(111)-TiO2/HGO exhibits excellent eNRR performance with an NH3 yield rate of 20.68 µg h-1 cm-2, which is ≈20 times the control electrode with the most stable facet (110) exposed (R(110)-TiO2/HGO). The experimental data and theoretical simulations reveal that the crystal facet (111) has a positive effect on regulating the local electron density around the oxygen vacancy and the two adjacent Ti-sites, promoting the π-back-donation, minimizing the eNRR barrier, and transforming the rate determination step to *NNH→*NNHH. This work illuminates the effect of crystal facet on the performance of eNRR, and offers a novel strategy to design efficient eNRR catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Beijing Institute of Collaborative Innovation, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, CAS, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Shuhao Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Gaosheng Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Huiqiong Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
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2
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Wen L, Liu X, Li X, Zhang H, Zhong S, Zeng P, Shah SSA, Hu X, Cai W, Li Y. Hydrophobic Microenvironment Modulation of Ru Nanoparticles in Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Electrocatalytic N 2 Reduction. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2405210. [PMID: 38984453 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202405210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The modulation of the chemical microenvironment surrounding metal nanoparticles (NPs) is an effective means to enhance the selectivity and activity of catalytic reactions. Herein, a post-synthetic modification strategy is developed to modulate the hydrophobic microenvironment of Ru nanoparticles encapsulated in a metal-organic framework (MOF), MIP-206, namely Ru@MIP-Fx (where x represents perfluoroalkyl chain lengths of 3, 5, 7, 11, and 15), in order to systematically explore the effect of the hydrophobic microenvironment on the electrocatalytic activity. The increase of perfluoroalkyl chain length can gradually enhance the hydrophobicity of the catalyst, which effectively suppresses the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Moreover, the electrocatalytic production rate of ammonia and the corresponding Faraday efficiency display a volcano-like pattern with increasing hydrophobicity, with Ru@MIP-F7 showing the highest activity. Theoretical calculations and experiments jointly show that modification of perfluoroalkyl chains of different lengths on MIP-206 modulates the electronic state of Ru nanoparticles and reduces the rate-determining step for the formation of the key intermediate of N2H2 *, leading to superior electrocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wen
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoshuo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Xinyang Li
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Hanlin Zhang
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shichuan Zhong
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Pan Zeng
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Syed Shoaib Ahmad Shah
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Xiaoye Hu
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Weiping Cai
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P. R. China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
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Zhang H, Bao L, Pan Y, Du J, Wang W. Interface reconstruction of MXene-Ti 3C 2 doped CeO 2 nanorods for remarked photocatalytic ammonia synthesis. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 675:130-138. [PMID: 38968633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Prospective photocatalytic ammonia synthesis process has received more attentions but quite challenging with the low visible light utilization and weak N2 molecule absorption ability around the photocatalysts. Herein, interface reconstruction of MXene-Ti3C2/CeO2 composites with high-concentration active sites through the carbon-doped process are presented firstly, and obvious transition zones with the three-phase reaction interface are formed in the as-prepared catalysts. The optimal co-doped sample demonstrates an excellent photo response in the visible light region, the strongest chemisorption activity and the most active sites. Moreover, much more in-situ extra oxygen defects are also produced under light irradiation. It is expected that the double decorated catalyst shows a remarked ammonia production rate of above 0.76 mmol gcal-1·h-1 under visible-light illumination and a higher apparent quantum efficiency of 1.08 % at 420 nm, which is one of the most completive properties for the photocatalytic N2 fixation at present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiwei Zhang
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
| | - Liang Bao
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Ying Pan
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Jia Du
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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4
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Yang R, Gao D, Li W, Lu F, Yi D, Yang Y, Wang X. Iron Monomers or Trimers on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon: Which Is Better for the Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction Reaction? ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:28452-28460. [PMID: 38775640 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) presents an alternative method for the Haber-Bosch process, and single-atom catalysts (SACs) to achieve efficient NRR have attracted considerable attention in the past decades. However, whether SACs are more suitable for NRR compared to atomic-cluster catalysts (ACCs) remains to be studied. Herein, we have successfully synthesized both the Fe monomers (Fe1) and trimers (Fe3) on nitrogen-doped carbon catalysts. Both the experiments and DFT calculations indicate that compared to the end-on adsorption of N2 on Fe1 catalysts, N2 activation is enhanced via the side-on adsorption on Fe3 catalysts, and the reaction follows the enzymatic pathway with a reduced free energy barrier for NRR. As a result, the Fe3 catalysts achieved better NRR performance (NH3 yield rate of 27.89 μg h-1 mg-1cat. and Faradaic efficiency of 45.13%) than Fe1 catalysts (10.98 μg h-1 mg-1cat. and 20.98%). Therefore, our research presents guidance to prepare more efficient NRR catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
| | - Denglei Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, P. R. China
| | - Fei Lu
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
| | - Ding Yi
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, P. R. China
| | - Yongan Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, P. R. China
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5
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Bhat AY, Jain P, Bhat MA, Ingole PP. Mechanistic insights into the electrolyte effects on the electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction using copper hexacyanoferrate/f-MWCNT nano-composites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:1777-1791. [PMID: 38168681 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04302a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Developing an efficient, selective, and stable electrocatalysis system for the electrocatalytic N2 reduction reaction (ENRR) is a promising strategy for the green and sustainable production of ammonia. The activity, selectivity, and stability of various electrocatalysts in different electrolyte solvents, mainly acidic and alkaline electrolytes, are commonly compared in the literature. However, a mechanistic insight into the effect of these electrolytes on ENRR activity is lacking. Herein we demonstrate that the acidity or alkalinity of the electrolyte is a key factor in determining the rate-limiting step and, by extension, the ENRR performance of an electrochemical setup for the electroproduction of ammonia. Our results from ex situ X-ray photoelectron, Raman, and FTIR spectroscopy analysis of the fresh and spent Cu-hexacyanoferrate Prussian blue analogue-decorated functionalized carbon nanotube (CuFe PBA/f-CNT) catalyst reveal that NH4+-species are more strongly adsorbed on the catalyst surface during the ENRR in acidic than in alkaline electrolytes. The results of our detailed rotating ring-disc electrode voltammetry studies suggest that the ENRR over CuFe PBA/f-CNT is mostly controlled by surface adsorption in an acidic electrolyte and by mass transport in an alkaline electrolyte. In situ Raman spectroscopy confirms this finding and shows that the leaching of Fe(CN)6 species from the CuFe PBA/f-CNT composite in an alkaline electrolyte greatly affects the ENRR performance. We believe that the work presented herein offers a new insight into the mechanistic aspects of the ENRR in different electrolyte systems and hence can prove very valuable for the development of effective ENRR electrode/electrolyte systems for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Y Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi - 110016, India.
| | - Priya Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi - 110016, India.
| | - Mohsin A Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Pravin P Ingole
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi - 110016, India.
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6
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Li K, Kuwahara Y, Yamashita H. Hollow carbon-based materials for electrocatalytic and thermocatalytic CO 2 conversion. Chem Sci 2024; 15:854-878. [PMID: 38239694 PMCID: PMC10793651 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05026b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrocatalytic and thermocatalytic CO2 conversions provide promising routes to realize global carbon neutrality, and the development of corresponding advanced catalysts is important but challenging. Hollow-structured carbon (HSC) materials with striking features, including unique cavity structure, good permeability, large surface area, and readily functionalizable surface, are flexible platforms for designing high-performance catalysts. In this review, the topics range from the accurate design of HSC materials to specific electrocatalytic and thermocatalytic CO2 conversion applications, aiming to address the drawbacks of conventional catalysts, such as sluggish reaction kinetics, inadequate selectivity, and poor stability. Firstly, the synthetic methods of HSC, including the hard template route, soft template approach, and self-template strategy are summarized, with an evaluation of their characteristics and applicability. Subsequently, the functionalization strategies (nonmetal doping, metal single-atom anchoring, and metal nanoparticle modification) for HSC are comprehensively discussed. Lastly, the recent achievements of intriguing HSC-based materials in electrocatalytic and thermocatalytic CO2 conversion applications are presented, with a particular focus on revealing the relationship between catalyst structure and activity. We anticipate that the review can provide some ideas for designing highly active and durable catalytic systems for CO2 valorization and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaining Li
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Yasutaka Kuwahara
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Hiromi Yamashita
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
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7
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Park SY, Jang SE, Kim CW, Jang YJ, Youn DH. Exploring the source of ammonia generation in electrochemical nitrogen reduction using niobium nitride. RSC Adv 2023; 13:34410-34415. [PMID: 38024991 PMCID: PMC10667672 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06475a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, niobium nitride (NbN) is prepared via the urea-glass route by annealing a mixture of NbCl5 and urea at 650 °C under a flow of N2, and is used as a catalyst for the electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). The as-prepared NbN exhibits a maximum production rate of 5.46 × 10-10 mol s-1 cm-2 at -0.6 V vs. RHE, along with an apparent FE of 16.33% at -0.3 V vs. RHE. In addition, the leaching of NbN is confirmed by ICP-OES, where the leached amount of Nb is almost identical to the amount of N measured by UV-vis. Moreover, 1H NMR experiments are performed using 15N2 as the feeder gas; the dominant detection of 14NH4+ peaks strongly suggests that the produced NH3 originates from the leaching of NbN rather than via an electrocatalytic process. Hence, for a comprehensive understanding of NH3 generation, especially when utilizing transition metal nitride (TMN)-based NRR catalysts, a thorough investigation employing multiple analytical methods is imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Integrative Engineering for Hydrogen Safety, Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 South Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University Seoul 04763 South Korea
| | - So Eun Jang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Integrative Engineering for Hydrogen Safety, Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 South Korea
| | - Chang Woo Kim
- Department of Nanotechnology Engineering, Pukyong National University Busan 48513 South Korea
| | - Youn Jeong Jang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University Seoul 04763 South Korea
| | - Duck Hyun Youn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Integrative Engineering for Hydrogen Safety, Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 South Korea
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8
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Deng P, Liu Y, Liu Y, Li Y, Wu R, Meng L, Liang K, Gan Y, Qiao F, Liu N, Kang Z, Li H. Microwave Regenerable Nickel, Zinc Co-doped Nitrogen-Coordinated Porous Carbon Catalyst for Nitrogen Fixation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:44809-44819. [PMID: 37698442 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
More than 90% of the global NH3 synthesis is dominated by the Haber-Bosch process, which consumes 2% of the worldwide energy and generates 1.44% of the global carbon emission. The electrochemical N2 reduction reaction (NRR) is regarded as an attractive alternative route to produce NH3 under mild reaction conditions, but the electrocatalysts suffer from the difficulty of N≡N cleavage. In this work, we report a leaf-like MOF-derived Ni/Zn bimetallic co-doped nitrogen-coordinated porous carbon (Ni/Zn-NPC) as a cost-effective NH3 synthesis electrocatalyst. The resultant electrocatalyst achieved a high NH3 production rate of 22.68 μg h-1 mgcat-1 at -1.0 V vs a reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) in a 0.1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte. The Ni/Zn-NPC material can be called a microwave regenerable catalyst because microwave treatment has proven to be a crucial part of the multi-field coupling to detoxify and make the catalyst reactive, further improving its stability. Density functional theory (DFT) was chosen to explore the mechanism of Ni/Zn-NPC for NRR, providing a profound prediction of the structure of the active site and related reaction pathways and revealing that trace Ni doping optimizes the local coordination environment and N2 adsorption of Zn atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiji Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yixian Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunliang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaxi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruqiang Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijun Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Kang Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yixiang Gan
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fen Qiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Naiyun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenhui Kang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macao, China
| | - Haitao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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9
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Biswas A, Ghosh B, Sudarshan K, Gupta SK, Dey RS. Ample Lewis Acidic Sites in Mg 2B 2O 5 Facilitate N 2 Electroreduction through Bonding-Antibonding Interactions. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:14094-14102. [PMID: 37594321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research on the electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) has put forward a sound list of potential catalyst materials with properties inducing N2 adsorption, protonation, and reduction. However, rather than a random selection of catalysts, it is essential to understand the vitals in terms of orbital orientation and charge distribution that actually manipulate the rate-determining steps of NRR. Realizing these factors, herein we have explored a main group earth-abundant Mg-based electrocatalyst Mg2B2O5 for NRR due to the abundance of Lewis acid sites in the catalyst favoring the bonding-antibonding interactions with the N2 molecules. Positron annihilation studies indicate that the electronic charge distribution within the catalyst has shallow surface oxygen vacancies. These features in the catalyst enabled a sound Faradaic efficiency of 46.4% at -0.1 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode for the selective NH3 production in neutral electrolyte. In situ Fourier transform infrared suggests a maximum N-N bond polarization at -0.1 V and detected H-N-H and -NH2 intermediates during the course of the NRR on the catalyst surface. In a broader picture, the biocompatibility of Mg2+ diversifies the utility of this catalyst material in N2/biofuel cell applications that would certainly offer a green alternative toward our goal of a sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashmita Biswas
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Sector-81, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Bikram Ghosh
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Sector-81, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Kathi Sudarshan
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Santosh K Gupta
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Ramendra Sundar Dey
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Sector-81, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
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10
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Lei D, Zeng Y, Zhong J, Chen J, Ye Y, Wang W. Ultra-high specific surface area porous carbons derived from Chinese medicinal herbal residues with potential applications in supercapacitors and CO2 capture. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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11
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Liu DW, Ji L, Nie Y, Li Y, Xu L, Liu JQ, Xue G. Facile and controllable preparation of carbon microsphere for electro-driven nitrogen reduction: Accommodating nitrogen doping with hierarchical porous structure. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 634:995-1004. [PMID: 36571861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.12.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Driven by sustainable electricity, electrochemical nitrogen fixation under ambient conditions is considered as a promising strategy to generate low-concentrated NH3/NH4+. Under the principle of doping and porous engineering, nitrogen-doped carbon microsphere with hierarchical pores (NC-HP) is fabricated via pyrolyzing polymer microsphere. Hierarchical structure with macro-, meso- and micropores is obtained by assembling melamine/phenol-formaldehyde oligomers in Pickering droplets, with the assistance of triblock copolymer Pluronic F127. The regularity of mesopores is strongly affected by melamine to phenol mass ratio. For NC-HP, nitrogen content (N-content) in the carbon matrix can reach as high as 19.1 wt%, yet trade-off effect is observed between N-content and regularity of mesopores. As consequence, NC-HP-3 with N-content of 15.6 wt% and distinct mesopores exhibits the highest catalytic performance. At -0.5 V vs. RHE, NH3/NH4+ production rate and Faradaic efficiency (FE) value reach 15.6 μg∙mgcat.-1∙h-1 and 15.5%, respectively. It shows excellent recyclability, and no degradations are observed with respect to morphology and porous structure. In this hierarchical porous structure, mesopores are expected to facilitate mass transfer for both electrolyte ions and nitrogen, and hence catalytic active sites (e.g. pyrrolic- and pyridinic-N species) in hierarchically mutually connected pores can be well utilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Most for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon Resources, Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Lei Ji
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Ave., Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Yan Nie
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Most for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon Resources, Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Yong Li
- Research Center for Fine Chemicals Engineering, Shanxi University, No.92 Wucheng Rd., Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | - Long Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Most for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon Resources, Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Ji-Quan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Ave., Xi'an 710127, PR China.
| | - Ganglin Xue
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Ave., Xi'an 710127, PR China
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12
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Chen S, Yin F, He X, Tan J. The Preparation of UiO‐66‐NH
2
/CNT Electrocatalyst and its High Catalytic Performance for Electrochemical Synthetic Ammonia in Neutral Electrolyte. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| | - Fengxiang Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| | - Jiabin Tan
- College of Chemical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
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13
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Sun Y, Yu Y, Xu W, Wu D, Wei Y, Lai J, Wang L. ·H effectively enhance electrocatalytic nitrogen fixation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 640:619-625. [PMID: 36889059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, most reported ammonia (NH3) yields and Faradaic efficiency (FE) of electrocatalysts are very low in the field of electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reactions (NRR). Here, we are reported ·H for the first time in the field of electrocatalytic NRR, which are generated by sulfite (SO32-) and H2O in electrolyte solutions upon exposure to UV light. The high NH3 yields can achieve 100.7 μg h-1 mgcat-1, while stability can achieve 64 h and the FE can achieve 27.1% at -0.3 V (vs. RHE) with UV irradiation. In situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), electron spin resonance (ESR), density functional theory (DFT) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tests showed that the ∙H effectively lowered the reaction energy barrier at each step of the NRR process and inhibits the occurrence of competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). This explores the path and provides ideas for the field of electrocatalysis involving water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Yaodong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Wenxia Xu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Yingying Wei
- Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Jianping Lai
- Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China; Shandong Engineering Research Center for Marine Environment Corrosion and Safety Protection, College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China.
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14
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Sun W, Sahin NE, Sun D, Wu X, Munoz C, Thakare J, Aulich T, Zhang J, Hou X, Oncel N, Pierce D, Zhao JX. One-Pot Synthesis of Ruthenium-Based Nanocatalyst Using Reduced Graphene Oxide as Matrix for Electrochemical Synthesis of Ammonia. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:1115-1128. [PMID: 36575897 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Conventional ammonia production consumes significant energy and causes enormous carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions globally. To lower energy consumption and mitigate CO2 emissions, a facile, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective one-pot method for the synthesis of a ruthenium-based nitrogen reduction nanocatalyst has been developed using reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a matrix. The nanocatalyst synthesis was based on a single-step simultaneous reduction of RuCl3 into ruthenium-based nanoparticles (Ru-based NPs) and graphene oxide (GO) into rGO using glucose as the reducing agent and stabilizer. The obtained ruthenium-based nanocatalyst with rGO as a matrix (Runano-based/rGO) has shown much higher catalytic activity at lower temperatures and pressures for ammonia synthesis than conventional iron catalysts. The rGO worked as a promising promoter for the electrochemical synthesis of ammonia due to its excellent electrical and thermal conductivity. The developed Runano-based/rGO nanocatalyst was characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results demonstrated that the size of the Ru-based NPs on the surface of rGO was 1.9 ± 0.2 nm and the ruthenium content was 25.03 wt %. Bulk electrolysis measurements were conducted on thin-layer electrodes at various cathodic potentials in a N2-saturated 0.1 M H2SO4 electrolyte at room temperature. From the chronoamperometric measurements, the maximum faradic efficiency (F.E.) of 2.1% for ammonia production on the nanostructured Runano-based/rGO electrocatalyst was achieved at a potential of -0.20 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). This electrocatalyst has attained a superior ammonia production rate of 9.14 μg·h-1·mgcat.-1. The results demonstrate the feasibility of reducing N2 into ammonia under ambient conditions and warrant further exploration of the nanostructured Runano-based/rGO for electrochemical ammonia synthesis.
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15
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Heliso Dolla T, Matthews T, Wendy Maxakato N, Ndungu P, Montini T. Recent advances in transition metal sulfide-based electrocatalysts and photocatalysts for nitrogen fixation. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.117049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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Dai X, Tian L, Liu Z, Xu W, Liu YP, Liu Y. Nanoreactor Based on Cyclodextrin for Direct Electrocatalyzed Ammonia Synthesis. ACS NANO 2022; 16:18398-18407. [PMID: 36331255 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The high-efficiency transition metal-free electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO3-RR) for ammonia synthesis has received more attention because of its green and environmentally friendly characteristics. Here, we report an efficient electrochemical NH3 synthesis directly from purely organic macrocyclic compounds α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrins (CDs)-catalyzed transition metal-free electroreduction of nitrate under ambient conditions. In comparison with α-, and β-CDs, parent γ-CD presented uncommon catalytic performance with a relatively higher NH3 yield that can reach up to 2.28 mg h-1 cm-2 with a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 63.2% at -0.9 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode in alkaline medium, and the potassium ion-coordinated γ-CD complex can achieve a maximum NH3 production rate up to 4.66 mg h-1 cm-2 with an NH3 FE of 79.3%. Further comparison with permethyl-γ-CD, d-glucose, and poly(vinyl alcohol) for the NO3-RR indicated that the typical torus-shaped cyclic conformation and edge hydroxyl groups of parent CDs play important roles in the electrocatalytic process. The K+-mediated 3D γ-CD-K+ frameworks containing six CDs as nanoreactors greatly strengthen the enrichment effect of nitrate through hydrogen-bonding interaction and electrostatic interaction and promote the mass transfer, thus leading to the efficient NO3-RR in an alkaline electrolyte. This work provides a convenient, green, and economic method for high-performance NO3-RR, which has potential applications in the fields of environment, energy, and industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyin Dai
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University, Tianjin300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Tian
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixue Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University, Tianjin300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenshi Xu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University, Tianjin300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ping Liu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University, Tianjin300071, People's Republic of China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin300192, People's Republic of China
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17
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Lv C, Liu J, Lee C, Zhu Q, Xu J, Pan H, Xue C, Yan Q. Emerging p-Block-Element-Based Electrocatalysts for Sustainable Nitrogen Conversion. ACS NANO 2022; 16:15512-15527. [PMID: 36240028 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Artificial nitrogen conversion reactions, such as the production of ammonia via dinitrogen or nitrate reduction and the synthesis of organonitrogen compounds via C-N coupling, play a pivotal role in the modern life. As alternatives to the traditional industrial processes that are energy- and carbon-emission-intensive, electrocatalytic nitrogen conversion reactions under mild conditions have attracted significant research interests. However, the electrosynthesis process still suffers from low product yield and Faradaic efficiency, which highlight the importance of developing efficient catalysts. In contrast to the transition-metal-based catalysts that have been widely studied, the p-block-element-based catalysts have recently shown promising performance because of their intriguing physiochemical properties and intrinsically poor hydrogen adsorption ability. In this Perspective, we summarize the latest breakthroughs in the development of p-block-element-based electrocatalysts toward nitrogen conversion applications, including ammonia electrosynthesis from N2 reduction and nitrate reduction and urea electrosynthesis using nitrogen-containing feedstocks and carbon dioxide. The catalyst design strategies and the underlying reaction mechanisms are discussed. Finally, major challenges and opportunities in future research directions are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chade Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Carmen Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, 138634 Singapore
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, 138634 Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, 627833 Singapore
| | - Hongge Pan
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Can Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Qingyu Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, 138634 Singapore
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18
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Defect engineering for advanced electrocatalytic conversion of nitrogen-containing molecules. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1419-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Zhu H, Wang C, He Y, Pu Y, Li P, He L, Huang X, Tang W, Tang H. Oxygen vacancies engineering in electrocatalysts nitrogen reduction reaction. Front Chem 2022; 10:1039738. [PMID: 36311423 PMCID: PMC9597296 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1039738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ammonia is important, both as a fertilizer and as a carrier of clean energy, mainly produced by the Haber-Bosch process, which consumes hydrogen and emits large amounts of carbon dioxide. The ENRR (Electronchemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction) is considered a promising method for nitrogen fixation owing to their low energy consumption, green and mild. However, the ammonia yield and Faraday efficiency of the ENRR catalysts are low due to the competitive reaction between HER and NRR, the weak adsorption of N2 andthe strong N≡N triple bond. Oxygen vacancy engineering is the most important method to improve NRR performance, not only for fast electron transport but also for effective breaking of the N≡N bond by capturing metastable electrons in the antibonding orbitals of nitrogen molecules. In this review, the recent progress of OVs (oxygen vacancies) in ENRR has been summarized. First, the mechanism of NRR is briefly introduced, and then the generation methods of OVs and their applicationin NRR are discussed, including vacuum annealing, hydrothermal method, hydrogen reduction, wet chemical reduction, plasma treatment and heterogeneous ion doping. Finally, the development and challenges of OVs in the field of electrochemical nitrogen fixation are presented. This review shows the important areas of development of catalysts to achieve industrially viable NRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijiang Zhu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Machinery Manufacturing Technology, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, China
- *Correspondence: Chao Wang, ; Wu Tang, ; Hui Tang,
| | - Yuling He
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Pu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Peiwen Li
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang He
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianglan Huang
- School of New Energy Materials and Chemistry, Leshan Normal University, Leshan, China
| | - Wu Tang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Chao Wang, ; Wu Tang, ; Hui Tang,
| | - Hui Tang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Chao Wang, ; Wu Tang, ; Hui Tang,
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20
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Ma X, Gao L, Zhang Q, Hua W, Zhang Y, Li X, Yang J, Ding S, Hu C. Nano-CaCO3 templated porous carbons anchored with Fe single atoms enable high-efficiency N2 electroreduction to NH3. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Han M, Huang Y, Zhang H. A coordination environment effect of single-atom catalysts on their nitrogen reduction reaction performance. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:18854-18859. [PMID: 35912834 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02096c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the structure-activity relationship of an active site is of great significance toward the rational design of highly active catalysts. In this study, we have performed density functional theory calculations to investigate the coordination environment effect of Fe-, N-, and O-doped carbon on their nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) properties. Our results indicate that the presence of O atoms in the coordination environment favors the activation of N2 molecules but is unfavorable to the stability, while the existence of N will weaken the adsorption of N2 and increase the reaction barrier of the first hydrogenation step. Fe-C4-C has the lowest potential for activating N2. A compromise is Fe-NxC4-x-C, where the interaction of C and N in coordination regulates the spin polarization of Fe and thus the 3d states around the Fermi level. Fe-N2C2-C was found to be the best one and NRR can proceed via the distal and alternative reaction pathways with the first hydrogenation step of N2 being the potential-limiting step and the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) being 0.75 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Han
- School of Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, P. R. China.
| | - Youjie Huang
- School of Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, P. R. China.
| | - Haimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
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22
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Smita Biswas S, Chakraborty S, Saha A, Eswaramoorthy M. Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia Under Ambient Conditions: Stakes and Challenges. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200139. [PMID: 35866503 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous electrochemical nitrogen reduction (ENR) to ammonia (NH3 ) under ambient conditions is considered as an alternative to the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process for ammonia production. Many metal, non-metal, carbon-based materials along with metal-chalcogenides, metal-nitrides have been explored for their ENR activity. The reported NH3 production through ENR is still in the micro-gram level and often falls in the range of NH3 and NOx contaminations from the surrounding. The quantification of NH3 at very low concentration possess enormous challenge in this field and thus many reported ENR electrocatalysts suffer from reproducibility issue. This review highlights in detail the challenges associated with ENR in aqueous medium and necessitates standardization of protocols to quantify the low concentration of NH3 free of false-positives. It concludes the prospects of electrochemical NH3 production through lithium-mediated N2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchi Smita Biswas
- Nanomaterials and Catalysis Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit (CPMU), School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), JNCASR, Bengaluru, 560064, India
| | - Soumita Chakraborty
- Nanomaterials and Catalysis Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit (CPMU), School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), JNCASR, Bengaluru, 560064, India
| | - Arunava Saha
- Nanomaterials and Catalysis Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit (CPMU), School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), JNCASR, Bengaluru, 560064, India
| | - Muthusamy Eswaramoorthy
- Nanomaterials and Catalysis Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit (CPMU), School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), JNCASR, Bengaluru, 560064, India.,International Centre for Materials Science, JNCASR, Bengaluru, 560064, India
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23
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Bai F, Qu X, Li C, Liu S, Sun J, Chen X, Yang W. Nickel Nanoflowers with Controllable Cation Vacancy for Enhanced Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:28033-28043. [PMID: 35687747 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The key to the design of electrochemical nitrogen reduction (NRR) catalysts is that the reaction sites can not only activate the N≡N bond but also have high catalytic selectivity. Vacancy engineering is an effective way to modulate active sites, and cation vacancies are considered to have enormous potential in tuning catalytic selectivity. However, research on NRR activity is still at an early stage due to the difficulty in preparation and precise regulation. Here, we provided an adjusted method of cation vacancy through topotactic transformation, which combines solvothermal reduction with etching via lattice confinement effect to accomplish precursor reduction and vacancy construction while maintaining consistent material morphologies. Based on the topotactic transformation, NiAl-LDH precursor was reduced to Ni metal nanoflower, while Al is simultaneously etched by alkali, thus the precise tunability of the cation vacancy can be achieved by adjusting the Al content in the LDH. The Ni nanoflower achieved excellent stability and high ammonia yield by adjusting the vacancy concentration. In addition, the insight into the selectivity and intrinsic activity of cation vacancies on NRR process has been revealed. For the reaction selectivity, the cation vacancy is beneficial to activate N≡N but not conducive to the HER process. For the intrinsic NRR activity, the generation of cation vacancies can also significantly reduce the energy barrier of NRR process and accelerate the reaction kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xin Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Cong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Jie Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Wensheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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24
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Double quantum dots decorated layer structure CeCO3OH for improved N2 photo-fixation. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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25
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Zhang H, Liu W, Cao D, Cheng D. Carbon-Based Material-Supported Single-Atom Catalysts for Energy Conversion. iScience 2022; 25:104367. [PMID: 35620439 PMCID: PMC9127225 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, single-atom catalysts (SACs) with unique electronic structure and coordination environment have attracted much attention due to its maximum atomic efficiency in the catalysis fields. However, it is still a great challenge to rationally regulate the coordination environments of SACs and improve the loading of metal atoms for SACs during catalysis progress. Generally, carbon-based materials with excellent electrical conductivity and large specific surface area are widely used as catalyst supports to stabilize metal atoms. Meanwhile, carbon-based material-supported SACs have also been extensively studied and applied in various energy conversion reactions, such as hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR), and nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). Herein, rational synthesis methods and advanced characterization techniques were introduced and summarized in this review. Then, the theoretical design strategies and construction methods for carbon-based material-supported SACs in electrocatalysis applications were fully discussed, which are of great significance for guiding the coordination regulation and improving the loading of SACs. In the end, the challenges and future perspectives of SACs were proposed, which could largely contribute to the development of single atom catalysts at the turning point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding author
| | - Daojian Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding author
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26
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Mourdikoudis S, Antonatos N, Mazánek V, Marek I, Sofer Z. Simple Bottom-Up Synthesis of Bismuthene Nanostructures with a Suitable Morphology for Competitive Performance in the Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction Reaction. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:5524-5538. [PMID: 35344664 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen reduction to ammonia under ambient conditions has received important attention, in which high-performing catalysts are sought. A new, facile, and seedless solvothermal method based on a high-temperature reduction route has been developed in this work for the production of bismuthene nanostructures with excellent performance in the electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). Different reaction conditions were tested, such as the type of solvent, surfactant, reducing agent, reaction temperature, and time, as well as bismuth precursor source, resulting in distinct particle morphologies. Two-dimensional sheet-like structures and small particles displayed very high electrocatalytic activity, attributed to the abundance of tips, edges, and high surface area. NRR experiments resulted in an ammonia yield of 571 ± 0.1 μg h-1 cm-2 with a respective Faradaic efficiency of 7.94 ± 0.2% vs Ag/AgCl. The easy implementation of the synthetic reaction to produce Bi nanostructures facilitates its potential scale up to larger production yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Mourdikoudis
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Nikolas Antonatos
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vlastimil Mazánek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Marek
- Central Laboratories, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Sofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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27
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Zhang W, Lin W, Ren J, Zheng N, Wu B. Electrochemical Reduction of Nitrogen to Ammonia by Pd−S−Mo Nanosheets on a Hydrophobic Hierarchical Graphene Support. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wuyong Zhang
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Weijin Lin
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Juan Ren
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Nanfeng Zheng
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Binghui Wu
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
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Deng L, Wang L, Wei G, Yuan H, Xie J, Chen Y. Efficient electrocatalytic reduction of N2 to ammonia at ambient conditions with municipal sludge-derived porous carbon codoped with multiple heteroatoms. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.139934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zeng L, Qiao Z, Peng X, Liu Z, Li Z, Yang B, Lei L, Wu G, Hou Y. Progress in Mo/W-based electrocatalysts for nitrogen reduction to ammonia under ambient conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2096-2111. [PMID: 35048091 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06665j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3), possessing high hydrogen content and energy density, has been widely employed for fertilizers and value-added chemicals in green energy carriers and fuels. However, the current NH3 synthesis largely depends on the traditional Haber-Bosch process, which needs tremendous energy consumption and generates greenhouse gas, resulting in severe energy and environmental issues. The electrochemical strategy of converting N2 to NH3 under mild conditions is a potentially promising route to realize an environmentally friendly concept. Among various catalysts, molybdenum/tungsten-based electrocatalysts have been widely used in electrochemical catalytic and energy conversion. This review describes the latest progress of molybdenum/tungsten-based electrocatalysts for the electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction. The fundamental roles of morphology, doping, defects, heterojunction, and coupling regulation in improving electrocatalytic performance are mainly discussed. Besides, some tailoring strategies for enhancing the conversion efficiency of N2 to NH3 over Mo/W-based electrocatalysts are also summarized. Finally, the existing challenges and limitations of N2 fixation are proposed, as well as possible future perspectives, which will provide a platform for further development of advanced Mo/W-based N2 reduction systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. .,Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Zhi Qiao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
| | - Xianyun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. .,Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Zhibin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. .,Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Zhongjian Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. .,Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. .,Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Lecheng Lei
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. .,Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
| | - Yang Hou
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. .,Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China.,School of Biological and Chemical Engineering NingboTech University, No. 1 South Qianhu Road, Ningbo, 315100, China
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Liu L, Li W, He X, Yang J, Liu N. In Situ/Operando Insights into the Stability and Degradation Mechanisms of Heterogeneous Electrocatalysts. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2104205. [PMID: 34741400 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202104205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The further commercialization of renewable energy conversion and storage technologies requires heterogeneous electrocatalysts that meet the exacting durability target. Studies of the stability and degradation mechanisms of electrocatalysts are expected to provide important breakthroughs in stability issues. Accessible in situ/operando techniques performed under realistic reaction conditions are therefore urgently needed to reveal the nature of active center structures and establish links between the structural motifs in a catalyst and its stability properties. This review highlights recent research advances regarding in situ/operando techniques and improves the understanding of the stabilities of advanced heterogeneous electrocatalysts used in a diverse range of electrochemical reactions; it also proposes some degradation mechanisms. The review concludes by offering suggestions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindong Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, College of Sericulture,Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Clean Dyeing and Finishing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Wanting Li
- College of Resources and Environment, College of Sericulture,Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xianbo He
- College of Resources and Environment, College of Sericulture,Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, College of Sericulture,Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Nian Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
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31
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Biswas S, Saha A, Eswaramoorthy M. Facts or Artifacts: Pitfalls in Quantifying Sub-ppm Levels of Ammonia Produced from Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:1874-1882. [PMID: 35071879 PMCID: PMC8771696 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of ammonia through electrochemical nitrogen reduction (ENR) is emerging as one of the attractive research areas in recent years, notwithstanding the enormous challenges it faces in quantification of ammonia at very low concentrations. Several reports claiming high production rate are unwittingly compromised by the accuracy of analyzing a very low concentration (<1 ppm) of ammonia in the electrolyte post-ENR reaction using the indophenol method. Therefore, in this work, we have highlighted the significance of selecting and standardizing a right protocol encompassing admissible levels of oxidants and a complexing agent, citrate (to mitigate the effect of interfering metal ions), through elaborate control experiments. In addition, the importance of setting the lowest limit of ammonia concentration that can be accurately quantified by the indophenol method is also justified. Further, the experimental observations were summarized into a protocol, which was followed to re-evaluate the performance of two well-claimed electrocatalysts for ENR reported recently in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchi
Smita Biswas
- Nanomaterials
and Catalysis Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Science,
School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), JNCASR, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Arunava Saha
- Nanomaterials
and Catalysis Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Science,
School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), JNCASR, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Muthusamy Eswaramoorthy
- Nanomaterials
and Catalysis Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Science,
School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), JNCASR, Bengaluru 560064, India
- International
Centre for Materials Science, JNCASR, Bengaluru 560064, India
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32
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Jiang K, Li K, Li S, Li Y, Li T, Liu YQ, Wang D, Ye Y. FeMo–N nanosheet arrays supported on nickel foam for efficient electrocatalytic N 2 reduction to NH 3 under ambient conditions. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02892a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The N content in the M–N bond is closely related to the catalytic activity and greatly improves the NRR performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Jiang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Kai Li
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Shuirong Li
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Tao Li
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yun-Quan Liu
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Duo Wang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yueyuan Ye
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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33
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Zhang H, Song B, Zhang W, Cheng Y, Chen Q, Lu K. Activation of MoS2 Monolayer Electrocatalysts via Reduction and Phase Control in Molten Sodium for Selective Hydrogenation of Nitrogen to Ammonia. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9498-9506. [PMID: 36091910 PMCID: PMC9400674 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03804h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical nitrogen fixation under ambient conditions is promising for sustainable ammonia production but is hampered by high reaction barrier and strong competition from hydrogen evolution, leading to low specificity and faradaic efficiency with existing catalysts. Here we describe the activation of MoS2 in molten sodium that leads to simultaneous formation of a sulfur vacancy-rich heterostructured 1T/2H-MoSx monolayer via reduction and phase transformation. The resultant catalyst exhibits intrinsic activities for electrocatalytic N2-to-NH3 conversion, delivering a faradaic efficiency of 20.5% and an average NH3 rate of 93.2 μg h−1 mgcat−1. The interfacial heterojunctions with sulfur vacancies function synergistically to increase electron localization for locking up nitrogen and suppressing proton recombination. The 1T phase facilitates H–OH dissociation, with S serving as H-shuttling sites and to stabilize . The subsequently couple with nearby N2 and NHx intermediates bound at Mo sites, thus greatly promoting the activity of the catalyst. First-principles calculations revealed that the heterojunction with sulfur vacancies effectively lowered the energy barrier in the potential-determining step for nitrogen reduction, and, in combination with operando spectroscopic analysis, validated the associative electrochemical nitrogen reduction pathway. This work provides new insights on manipulating chalcogenide vacancies and phase junctions for preparing monolayered MoS2 with unique catalytic properties. We describe the activation of MoS2 in molten sodium that leads to the simultaneous formation of a sulfur vacancy-rich heterostructured 1T/2H-MoSx monolayer electrocatalyst via reduction and phase transformation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University Hefei Anhui 230601 China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Bin Song
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 China
| | - Yingwen Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University DeKalb IL 60115 USA
| | - Qianwang Chen
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University Hefei Anhui 230601 China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Ke Lu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University Hefei Anhui 230601 China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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34
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Yuan Y, Fujiwara N, Tada S, Kikuchi R. An in situ DRIFTS study on nitrogen electrochemical reduction over an Fe/BaZr 0.8Y 0.2O 3−δ-Ru catalyst at 220 °C in an electrolysis cell using a CsH 2PO 4/SiP 2O 7 electrolyte. RSC Adv 2022; 12:8474-8476. [PMID: 35424780 PMCID: PMC8984961 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00224h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In situ DRIFTS measurements of an Fe/BZY-Ru cathode catalyst in an electrolysis cell using a CsH2PO4/SiP2O7 electrolyte were carried out in a mixed N2–H2 gas flow under polarization. The formation of N2Hx species was confirmed under polarization, and an associative mechanism in the electrochemical NRR process was verified. In situ DRIFTS measurements of an Fe/BZY-Ru cathode catalyst in an electrolysis cell using a CsH2PO4/SiP2O7 electrolyte were carried out in a mixed N2–H2 gas flow under polarization.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yuan
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Naoya Fujiwara
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shohei Tada
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, 316-8511, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kikuchi
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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35
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Centi G, Perathoner S. Nanocarbon for Energy Material Applications: N 2 Reduction Reaction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007055. [PMID: 33682312 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanocarbons are an important class of energy materials and one relevant application is for the nitrogen reduction reaction, i.e., the direct synthesis of NH3 from N2 and H2 O via photo- and electrocatalytic approaches. Ammonia is also a valuable energy or hydrogen vector. This perspective paper analyses developments in the field, limiting discussion to nanocarbon-based electrodes. These aspects are discussed: i) active sites related to charge density differences on C atoms associated to defects/strains, ii) doping with heteroatoms, iii) introduction of isolated metal ions, iv) creation and in situ dynamics of metal oxide(hydroxide)/nanocarbon boundaries, and v) nanocarbon characteristics to control the interface. Discussion is focused on the performances and mechanistic aspects. Aim is not a systematic state-of-the-art report but to highlight the need to use a different perspective in studying this challenging reaction by using selected papers. Notwithstanding the large differences in the proposed nature of the active sites, fall all within a restricted range of performances, far from the targets. A holistic approach is emphasized to make a breakthrough advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Centi
- Departments ChiBioFarAm and MIFT, University of Messina and ERIC aisbl, V.le F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina, 98166, Italy
| | - Siglinda Perathoner
- Departments ChiBioFarAm and MIFT, University of Messina and ERIC aisbl, V.le F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina, 98166, Italy
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36
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Li X, Jiao Y, Cui Y, Dai C, Ren P, Song C, Ma X. Synergistic Catalysis of the Synthesis of Ammonia with Co-Based Catalysts and Plasma: From Nanoparticles to a Single Atom. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:52498-52507. [PMID: 34714629 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a series of Co nanoparticles (NPs) with different sizes and Co single-atom catalysts (SACs) with different cobalt-nitrogen coordination numbers (Co-N2, Co-N3, and Co-N4) were synthesized and applied to the synthesis of ammonia catalyzed by plasma at low temperatures and atmospheric pressures. Under the same reaction conditions, the yield of nitrogen obtained from the reduction to ammonia over a series of Co NP catalysts varies with the Co particle size. The smaller the size of the Co NPs, the greater the number of exposed active centers, and the catalytic activity is higher. Among the Co SACs, the best catalyst was Co-N2 with two coordinated nitrogen atoms, and the ammonia yield was 181 mg·h-1·gcat-1. The experimental and theoretical calculations were consistent in that a low Co-N coordination number was beneficial to the adsorption and dissociation of N2, thereby enhancing the reduction activity of N2 and promoting the increase of ammonia production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
- International Science & Technology Cooperation Base for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon Resources, Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Energy and Chemical Industry in Northern Shaanxi, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yueyue Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, P. R. China
- The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- National Energy Center for Coal to Liquids, Synfuels China Company Ltd., Beijing 101400, P. R. China
| | - Yi Cui
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
- International Science & Technology Cooperation Base for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon Resources, Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Energy and Chemical Industry in Northern Shaanxi, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Chengyi Dai
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
- International Science & Technology Cooperation Base for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon Resources, Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Energy and Chemical Industry in Northern Shaanxi, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Pengju Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, P. R. China
- The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- National Energy Center for Coal to Liquids, Synfuels China Company Ltd., Beijing 101400, P. R. China
| | - Chunshan Song
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiaoxun Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
- International Science & Technology Cooperation Base for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon Resources, Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Energy and Chemical Industry in Northern Shaanxi, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
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How to Make a Cocktail of Palladium Catalysts with Cola and Alcohol: Heteroatom Doping vs. Nanoscale Morphology of Carbon Supports. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11102599. [PMID: 34685039 PMCID: PMC8537531 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sparkling drinks such as cola can be considered an affordable and inexpensive starting material consisting of carbohydrates and sulfur- and nitrogen-containing organic substances in phosphoric acid, which makes them an excellent precursor for the production of heteroatom-doped carbon materials. In this study, heteroatom-doped carbon materials were successfully prepared in a quick and simple manner using direct carbonization of regular cola and diet cola. The low content of carbon in diet cola allowed reaching a higher level of phosphorus in the prepared carbon material, as well as obtaining additional doping with nitrogen and sulfur due to the presence of sweeteners and caffeine. Effects of carbon support doping with phosphorus, nitrogen and sulfur, as well as of changes in textural properties by ball milling, on the catalytic activity of palladium catalysts were investigated in the Suzuki–Miyaura and Mizoroki–Heck reactions. Contributions of the heteroatom doping and specific surface area of the carbon supports to the increased activity of supported catalysts were discussed. Additionally, the possibility of these reactions to proceed in 40% potable ethanol was studied. Moreover, transformation of various palladium particles (complexes and nanoparticles) in the reaction medium was detected by mass spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy, which evidenced the formation of a cocktail of catalysts in a commercial 40% ethanol/water solution.
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Lv XW, Liu XL, Suo YJ, Liu YP, Yuan ZY. Identifying the Dominant Role of Pyridinic-N-Mo Bonding in Synergistic Electrocatalysis for Ambient Nitrogen Reduction. ACS NANO 2021; 15:12109-12118. [PMID: 34152122 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
For electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), hybridizing transition metal (TM) compounds with nitrogen-doped carbonaceous materials has been recognized as a promising strategy to improve the activity and stability of electrocatalysts due to the synergistic interaction from the TM-N-C active sites. Nevertheless, up to date, the fundamental mechanism of this so-called synergistic electrocatalysis for NRR is still unclear. Particularly, it remains ambiguous which configuration of N dopants, either pyridinic N or pyrrolic N, when coordinated with the TM, predominately contributes to this synergy. Herein, a self-assembled three-dimensional 1T-phase MoS2 microsphere coupled with N-doped carbon was developed (termed MoS2/NC), showing an impressive NRR performance in neutral medium. The hybridization of MoS2 and N-doped carbon can synergistically enhance the NRR efficiency by optimizing the electron transfer of catalyst. Acidification/blocking/poisoning experiments reveal the decisive role of pyridinic-N-Mo bonding, rather than pyrrolic-N-Mo bonding, in synergistically enhancing NRR electrocatalysis. The electrochemical-based in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (in situ FTIR) technology provides deep insights into the substantial contribution of pyridinic-N-MoS2 sites to NRR electrocatalysis and further uncover the underlying mechanism (associative pathway) at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Wei Lv
- National Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yu-Jun Suo
- National Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yu-Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhong-Yong Yuan
- National Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Fan Y, Zhou Y, Zhang L, Feng Y, Shih K. Highly efficient catalysts of phytic acid-derivative cobalt phosphide encapsulated in N, P-codoped carbon for activation of peroxymonosulfate in norfloxacin degradation. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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40
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Ren JT, Chen L, Wang HY, Yuan ZY. Aqueous Rechargeable Zn-N 2 Battery Assembled by Bifunctional Cobalt Phosphate Nanocrystals-Loaded Carbon Nanosheets for Simultaneous NH 3 Production and Power Generation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:12106-12117. [PMID: 33677963 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Developing cost-effective and controllable technologies beyond traditional overall N2 electrocatalysis is critical for the large-scale production of NH3 through electrochemical N2 reduction reaction (NRR) under ambient conditions. Herein, the aqueous rechargeable Zn-N2 battery, assembled by coupling the bifunctional cobalt phosphate nanocrystals-loaded heteroatoms-doped carbon nanosheets (CoPi/NPCS) as cathode electrocatalyst and the commercial Zn plate as anode with KOH electrolyte, was fabricated for the sustainable reduction of N2 to NH3 and power generation during discharge process. Benefiting from the desirable active components of cobalt phosphate nanocrystals and the synergistic effect between nanocrystals and carbon substrates, the CoPi/NPCS catalyst exhibits the enhanced NRR and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance in alkaline electrolyte. And the cobalt phosphates are confirmed as active components through the associative pathway toward NRR. When measured in the flow battery configuration with gas diffusion electrode by flowing N2 during discharge, this CoPi/NPCS-catalyzed Zn-N2 battery enables the high N2-to-NH3 yield rate of 14.7 μg h-1 mgcat.-1 and Faradaic efficiency of 16.35% at 0.6 V vs Zn2+/Zn, which can be able to maintain stable in discharge processes during cycling tests. Moreover, the impressive power output of the peak power density of 0.49 mW cm-2 and the energy density of 147.6 mWh gzn-1 are still achieved by this Zn-N2 battery, which are both higher than those of previously reported Zn-N2 batteries. This work not only provides the guideline for the rational design of robust and active bifunctional NRR-OER catalysts but also develops a reasonable and promising technology for efficient electrochemical N2-to-NH3 and power generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Tao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), National Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), National Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hao-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), National Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhong-Yong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), National Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Chanda D, Xing R, Xu T, Liu Q, Luo Y, Liu S, Tufa RA, Dolla TH, Montini T, Sun X. Electrochemical nitrogen reduction: recent progress and prospects. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7335-7349. [PMID: 34235522 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01451j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ammonia is one of the most useful chemicals for the fertilizer industry and is also promising as an important energy carrier for fuel cell application, and is currently mostly produced by the traditional Haber-Bosch process under high temperature and pressure conditions. This energy-intensive process is detrimental to the environment due to the dependence on fossil fuels and the emission of significant greenhouse gases (such as CO2). Ammonia production via the electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (ENRR) has been recognized as a green sustainable alternative to the Haber-Bosch process in recent years. Current ENRR research mainly focuses on the catalyst for ammonia selective production and the enhancement of faradaic efficiency at high current density; however, these have not been explored well due to the unavailability of highly efficient and cheap catalysts. Herein, this review provides information on the ENRR process along with (i) theoretical background, (ii) experimental methodology of the electrocatalytic process and (iii) computational screening of promising catalysts. The impact of active sites and defects on the activity, selectivity, and stability of the catalysts is deeply understood. Furthermore, we demonstrate the mechanistic understanding of the ENRR process on the surface of catalysts, with the aim of boosting the improvement of the ENRR activities. The ammonia detection methods are also summarized along with thorough discussion of control experiments. Finally, this review highlights prevailing problems in existing ENRR methods of ammonia production along with technical advancements proposed to address these issues and concludes with comments on opportunities and future directions of the ENRR process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Chanda
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China.
| | - Ruimin Xing
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China.
| | - Tong Xu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qian Liu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, China. and Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Yonglan Luo
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Shanhu Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China.
| | - Ramatu Ashu Tufa
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej 375, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tarekegn Heliso Dolla
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM Trieste Research Unit and ICCOM-CNR Trieste Research Unit, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Tiziano Montini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM Trieste Research Unit and ICCOM-CNR Trieste Research Unit, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Xuping Sun
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, China.
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Wen J, Chang H, Huang T, Hossain M, Liu Z, Sun H, Zhu Y, Chen Y, Huang Q, Wu Y. A simple synthesis of Co3O4@CNT to boost electrochemical nitrogen fixation. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Patil SB, Wang DY. Exploration and Investigation of Periodic Elements for Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002885. [PMID: 32945097 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
High demand for green ecosystems has urged the human community to reconsider and revamp the traditional way of synthesis of several compounds. Ammonia (NH3 ) is one such compound whose applications have been extended from fertilizers to explosives and is still being synthesized using the high energy inhaling Haber-Bosch process. Carbon free electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is considered as a potential replacement for the Haber-Bosch method. However, it has few limitations such as low N2 adsorption, selectivity (competitive HER reactions), low yield rate etc. Since it is at the early stage, tremendous efforts have been devoted in understanding the reaction mechanism and screening of the electrocatalysts and electrolytes. In this review, the electrocatalysts are classified based on the periodic table with heat maps of Faraday efficiency and yield rate of NH3 in NRR and their electrocatalytic properties toward NRR are discussed. Also, the activity of each element is discussed and short tables and concise graphs are provided to enable the researchers to understand recent progress on each element. At the end, a perspective is provided on countering the current challenges in NRR. This review may act as handbook for basic NRR understandings, recent progress in NRR, and the design and development of advanced electrocatalysts and systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivaraj B Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung, 40704, Taiwan
| | - Di-Yan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung, 40704, Taiwan
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Li L, Martirez JMP, Carter EA. Prediction of Highly Selective Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction at Low Overpotential on a Mo-Doped g-GaN Monolayer. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lesheng Li
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-5263, United States
| | | | - Emily A. Carter
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-5263, United States
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45
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Du L, Lv M, Liu D, Song H. An Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalyst of Phosphorous Carbon Co-doped MOFs. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:169. [PMID: 32833077 PMCID: PMC7445217 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03394-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It is eager to develop high-performance and cheap bifunctional electrochemical catalysts for both of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) or oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for the energy crisis and environmental problems. Herein, we report a series of ZIF-derived Co-P-C co-doped polyhedral materials with a well-defined morphology. The optimized catalyst Co/P/MOFs-CNTs-700 exhibited favorable electrochemical activities with the lowest overpotential of 420 mV to achieve the current density of 10 mA cm-2 for OER and the half potential of 0.8 V for ORR in 0.1 M NaOH. The performance can be well improved by doping phosphorous resource which greatly changed its morphology. Meanwhile, the doped carbon resources also improve the conductivity, which makes it a promising bifunctional electrochemical catalyst and can be comparable with the commercial electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Du
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Mengyuan Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Huiyu Song
- The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
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46
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Naseem F, Lu P, Zeng J, Lu Z, Ng YH, Zhao H, Du Y, Yin Z. Solid Nanoporosity Governs Catalytic CO 2 and N 2 Reduction. ACS NANO 2020; 14:7734-7759. [PMID: 32539341 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c02731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Global demand for green and clean energy is increasing day by day owing to ongoing developments by the human race that are changing the face of the earth at a rate faster than ever. Exploring alternative sources of energy to replace fossil fuel consumption has become even more vital to control the growing concentration of CO2, and reduction of CO2 into CO or other useful hydrocarbons (e.g., C1 and C≥2 products), as well as reduction of N2 into ammonia, can greatly help in this regard. Various materials have been developed for the reduction of CO2 and N2. The introduction of pores in these materials by porosity engineering has been demonstrated to be highly effective in increasing the efficiency of the involved redox reactions, over 40% increment for CO2 reduction to date, by providing an increased number of exposed facets, kinks, edges, and catalytically active sites of catalysts. By shaping the surface porous structure, the selectivity of the redox reaction can also be enhanced. In order to better understand this area benefiting rational design for future solutions, this review systematically summarizes and constructively discusses the porosity engineering in catalytic materials, including various synthesis methods, characterization of porous materials, and the effects of porosity on performance of CO2 reduction and N2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fizza Naseem
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Peilong Lu
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Jianping Zeng
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, P. R. China
| | - Ziyang Lu
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yun Hau Ng
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yaping Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zongyou Yin
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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Hao R, Sun W, Liu Q, Liu X, Chen J, Lv X, Li W, Liu YP, Shen Z. Efficient Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation over Isolated Pt Sites. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2000015. [PMID: 32338456 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, ambient electrochemical N2 fixation has gained great attention. However, the commercial Pt-based electrocatalyst hardly shows its potential in this field. Herein, it is found that the isolated Pt sites anchored on WO3 nanoplates exhibit the optimum electrochemical NH3 yield rate (342.4 µg h-1 mg-1 Pt ) and Faradaic efficiency (31.1%) in 0.1 m K2 SO4 at -0.2 V versus RHE, which are about 11 and 15 times higher than their nanoparticle counterparts, respectively. The mechanistic analysis indicates that N2 conversion to NH3 follows an alternating hydrogenation pathway, and positively charged isolated Pt sites with special Pt-3O structure can favorably chemisorb and activate the N2 . Furthermore, the hydrogen evolution reaction can be greatly suppressed on isolated Pt sites decorated WO3 nanoplates, which guarantees the efficient going-on of nitrogen reduction reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Hao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenming Sun
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianwei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhurui Shen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
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48
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Shi L, Yin Y, Wang S, Sun H. Rational Catalyst Design for N2 Reduction under Ambient Conditions: Strategies toward Enhanced Conversion Efficiency. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia 6027, Australia
| | - Yu Yin
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia 6027, Australia
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, P. R. China
| | - Shaobin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Hongqi Sun
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia 6027, Australia
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49
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Mansingh S, Das KK, Behera A, Subudhi S, Sultana S, Parida K. Bandgap engineering via boron and sulphur doped carbon modified anatase TiO 2: a visible light stimulated photocatalyst for photo-fixation of N 2 and TCH degradation. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:2004-2017. [PMID: 36132535 PMCID: PMC9419573 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00183j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present research reports the synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) sheet/flake-like nanostructures of crystalline carbon modified TiO2 (CT), B-TiO2 (B-CT), and S-TiO2 (S-CT) using a facile one-pot synthesis method. The crystallinity and phase purity (anatase) of the prepared nano-photocatalyst were characterised using X-ray diffraction, selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis. Furthermore, the morphological details and elemental content of the sample were studied via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. Additionally, the optoelectronic features of all of the prepared specimens were measured via UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), photoluminescence (PL), impedance and Mott-Schottky studies. After successful characterisation, their photocatalytic performance was tested towards dinitrogen photo-fixation and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) degradation under visible light illumination. Moreover, the effective charge separation and greater availability of the active surface area led to the robust photocatalytic activity of the fabricated B-CT compared to the CT and S-CT samples, which correlates well with the PL, impedance and surface area analysis. B-CT displays the highest photocatalytic activity, i.e. 32.38 μmol L-1 (conversion efficiency = 0.076%) of ammonia production, and 95% tetracycline hydrochloride (10 ppm) degradation. Here, we have effectively designed a novel and productive pathway towards the enhancement of the photocatalytic performance of visible photon active TiO2-based materials for energy and environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Mansingh
- Centre for Nano Science and Nano Technology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University Bhubaneswar 751 030 Odisha India +91-674-2581637 +91-674-2379425
| | - Kundan Kumar Das
- Centre for Nano Science and Nano Technology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University Bhubaneswar 751 030 Odisha India +91-674-2581637 +91-674-2379425
| | - Arjun Behera
- Centre for Nano Science and Nano Technology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University Bhubaneswar 751 030 Odisha India +91-674-2581637 +91-674-2379425
| | - Satyabrata Subudhi
- Centre for Nano Science and Nano Technology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University Bhubaneswar 751 030 Odisha India +91-674-2581637 +91-674-2379425
| | - Sabiha Sultana
- Centre for Nano Science and Nano Technology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University Bhubaneswar 751 030 Odisha India +91-674-2581637 +91-674-2379425
| | - Kulamani Parida
- Centre for Nano Science and Nano Technology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University Bhubaneswar 751 030 Odisha India +91-674-2581637 +91-674-2379425
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50
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Wen X, Guan J. Recent advancement in the electrocatalytic synthesis of ammonia. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:8065-8094. [PMID: 32253416 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01359e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia can not only be used as an active nitrogen component of nitrogen fertilizers, fibers, explosives, etc., but also provides a high energy density and carbon free energy carrier. Currently, ammonia is industrially synthesized by the Haber Bosch process at high temperature and high pressure, which results in high energy loss and a serious greenhouse effect. The electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a sustainable and environmentally friendly strategy for the synthesis of ammonia. Although lots of electrocatalysts have been developed for this reaction, further breakthroughs are needed in catalytic activity, selectivity and Faraday efficiency to meet the large-scale commercial demand. In this review, the recent advance in NRR electrocatalysis is thoroughly commented on. Different kinds of electrocatalysts used in ammonia synthesis (including single atom catalysts, metal oxide catalysts, nanocomposite catalysts, and metal free catalysts) are introduced. The reaction mechanism of the NRR is discussed in detail. The structure-function relationship and efficient strategies to improve the ammonia yield are clearly discussed. The effect of the electronic structure and morphology of catalysts on the selectivity of the NRR is highlighted. The research directions and perspectives on the further development of more efficient electrocatalysts for the NRR are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Wen
- Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry of Jilin Province, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
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