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López Barreiro D, Martín-Moldes Z, Blanco Fernández A, Fitzpatrick V, Kaplan DL, Buehler MJ. Molecular simulations of the interfacial properties in silk-hydroxyapatite composites. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:10929-10939. [PMID: 35852800 PMCID: PMC9351605 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01989b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Biomineralization is a common strategy used in Nature to improve the mechanical strength and toughness of biological materials. This strategy, applied in materials like bone or nacre, serves as inspiration for materials scientists and engineers to design new materials for applications in healthcare, soft robotics or the environment. In this regard, composites consisting of silk and hydroxyapatite have been extensively researched for bone regeneration applications, due to their reported cytocompatibility and osteoinduction capacity that supports bone formation in vivo. Thus, it becomes relevant to understand how silk and hydroxyapatite interact at their interface, and how this affects the overall mechanical properties of these composites. This theoretical-experimental work investigates the interfacial dynamic and structural properties of silk in contact with hydroxyapatite, combining molecular dynamics simulations with analytical characterization. Our data indicate that hydroxyapatite decreases the β-sheets in silk, which are a key load-bearing element of silk. The β-sheets content can usually be increased in silk biomaterials via post-processing methods, such as water vapor annealing. However, the presence of hydroxyapatite appears to reduce also for the formation of β-sheets via water vapor annealing. This work sheds light into the interfacial properties of silk-hydroxyapatite composite and their relevance for the design of composite biomaterials for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego López Barreiro
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), 77 Massachusetts Avenue, 1-165, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Zaira Martín-Moldes
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), 77 Massachusetts Avenue, 1-165, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Adrián Blanco Fernández
- Instituto de Cerámica de Galicia (ICG), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. do Mestre Mateo, 25, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Vincent Fitzpatrick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Markus J Buehler
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), 77 Massachusetts Avenue, 1-165, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- Center for Computational Science and Engineering, Schwarzman College of Computing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Unal MA, Bayrakdar F, Nazir H, Besbinar O, Gurcan C, Lozano N, Arellano LM, Yalcin S, Panatli O, Celik D, Alkaya D, Agan A, Fusco L, Suzuk Yildiz S, Delogu LG, Akcali KC, Kostarelos K, Yilmazer A. Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Interact and Interfere with SARS-CoV-2 Surface Proteins and Cell Receptors to Inhibit Infectivity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2101483. [PMID: 33988903 PMCID: PMC8236978 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology can offer a number of options against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) acting both extracellularly and intracellularly to the host cells. Here, the aim is to explore graphene oxide (GO), the most studied 2D nanomaterial in biomedical applications, as a nanoscale platform for interaction with SARS-CoV-2. Molecular docking analyses of GO sheets on interaction with three different structures: SARS-CoV-2 viral spike (open state - 6VYB or closed state - 6VXX), ACE2 (1R42), and the ACE2-bound spike complex (6M0J) are performed. GO shows high affinity for the surface of all three structures (6M0J, 6VYB and 6VXX). When binding affinities and involved bonding types are compared, GO interacts more strongly with the spike or ACE2, compared to 6M0J. Infection experiments using infectious viral particles from four different clades as classified by Global Initiative on Sharing all Influenza Data (GISAID), are performed for validation purposes. Thin, biological-grade GO nanoscale (few hundred nanometers in lateral dimension) sheets are able to significantly reduce copies for three different viral clades. This data has demonstrated that GO sheets have the capacity to interact with SARS-CoV-2 surface components and disrupt infectivity even in the presence of any mutations on the viral spike. GO nanosheets are proposed to be further explored as a nanoscale platform for development of antiviral strategies against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatma Bayrakdar
- Ministry of Health General Directorate of Public HealthMicrobiology References LaboratorySihhiyeAnkara06430Turkey
| | - Hasan Nazir
- Department of ChemistryAnkara UniversityTandoganAnkara06100Turkey
| | - Omur Besbinar
- Stem Cell InstituteAnkara UniversityBalgatAnkara06520Turkey
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringAnkara UniversityGolbasiAnkara06830Turkey
| | - Cansu Gurcan
- Stem Cell InstituteAnkara UniversityBalgatAnkara06520Turkey
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringAnkara UniversityGolbasiAnkara06830Turkey
| | - Neus Lozano
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)UAB Campus BellaterraBarcelona08193Spain
| | - Luis M. Arellano
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)UAB Campus BellaterraBarcelona08193Spain
| | - Süleyman Yalcin
- Ministry of Health General Directorate of Public HealthMicrobiology References LaboratorySihhiyeAnkara06430Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Panatli
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringAnkara UniversityGolbasiAnkara06830Turkey
| | - Dogantan Celik
- Stem Cell InstituteAnkara UniversityBalgatAnkara06520Turkey
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringAnkara UniversityGolbasiAnkara06830Turkey
| | - Damla Alkaya
- Stem Cell InstituteAnkara UniversityBalgatAnkara06520Turkey
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringAnkara UniversityGolbasiAnkara06830Turkey
| | - Aydan Agan
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringAnkara UniversityGolbasiAnkara06830Turkey
| | - Laura Fusco
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PaduaPadua35122Italy
| | - Serap Suzuk Yildiz
- Ministry of Health General Directorate of Public HealthMicrobiology References LaboratorySihhiyeAnkara06430Turkey
| | | | - Kamil Can Akcali
- Stem Cell InstituteAnkara UniversityBalgatAnkara06520Turkey
- Department of BiophysicsFaculty of MedicineAnkara UniversitySihhiyeAnkara06230Turkey
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)UAB Campus BellaterraBarcelona08193Spain
- Nanomedicine Lab National Graphene Institute and Faculty of Biology Medicine & HealthThe University of ManchesterAV Hill BuildingManchesterM13 9PTUnited Kingdom
| | - Açelya Yilmazer
- Stem Cell InstituteAnkara UniversityBalgatAnkara06520Turkey
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringAnkara UniversityGolbasiAnkara06830Turkey
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Zhai C, Li T, Shi H, Yeo J. Discovery and design of soft polymeric bio-inspired materials with multiscale simulations and artificial intelligence. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:6562-6587. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00896f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Establishing the “Materials 4.0” paradigm requires intimate knowledge of the virtual space in materials design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Zhai
- J2 Lab for Engineering Living Materials
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- Cornell University
- Ithaca
- USA
| | - Tianjiao Li
- J2 Lab for Engineering Living Materials
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- Cornell University
- Ithaca
- USA
| | - Haoyuan Shi
- J2 Lab for Engineering Living Materials
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- Cornell University
- Ithaca
- USA
| | - Jingjie Yeo
- J2 Lab for Engineering Living Materials
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- Cornell University
- Ithaca
- USA
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Li K, Li P, Fan Y. The assembly of silk fibroin and graphene-based nanomaterials with enhanced mechanical/conductive properties and their biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:6890-6913. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01733j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The assembly of silk fibroin and graphene-based nanomaterials would present fantastic properties and functions via optimizing the interaction between each other, and can be processed into various formats to tailor specific biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Ping Li
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Yubo Fan
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- Beijing 100083
- China
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López Barreiro D, Yeo J, Tarakanova A, Martin-Martinez FJ, Buehler MJ. Multiscale Modeling of Silk and Silk-Based Biomaterials-A Review. Macromol Biosci 2018; 19:e1800253. [PMID: 30375164 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Silk embodies outstanding material properties and biologically relevant functions achieved through a delicate hierarchical structure. It can be used to create high-performance, multifunctional, and biocompatible materials through mild processes and careful rational material designs. To achieve this goal, computational modeling has proven to be a powerful platform to unravel the causes of the excellent mechanical properties of silk, to predict the properties of the biomaterials derived thereof, and to assist in devising new manufacturing strategies. Fine-scale modeling has been done mainly through all-atom and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, which offer a bottom-up description of silk. In this work, a selection of relevant contributions of computational modeling is reviewed to understand the properties of natural silk, and to the design of silk-based materials, especially combined with experimental methods. Future research directions are also pointed out, including approaches such as 3D printing and machine learning, that may enable a high throughput design and manufacturing of silk-based biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego López Barreiro
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, 1-290, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jingjie Yeo
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, 1-290, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR, 1 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore, 138632, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Anna Tarakanova
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, 1-290, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Francisco J Martin-Martinez
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, 1-290, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Markus J Buehler
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, 1-290, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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