1
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Hartstein M, Ohad G, Kronik L. Predicting the Color Polymorphism of ROY from a Time-Dependent Optimally Tuned Screened Range-Separated Hybrid Functional. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:5510-5516. [PMID: 38842436 PMCID: PMC11238539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Polymorphism is a well-known property of molecular crystals, which allows the same molecule to form solids with several crystalline structures that can differ significantly in physical properties. Polymorphs that possess different optical absorption properties in the visible range may exhibit different perceived colors, a phenomenon known as color polymorphism. One striking example of color polymorphism is given by 5-methyl-2-[(2-nitrophenyl)amino]-3-thiophenecarbonitrile, known as ROY for its red-orange-yellow colors. First-principles prediction of color polymorphism may help in polymorph assignment and design but has proven to be challenging. Here, we predict the absorption spectra and simulate the colors of 12 ROY polymorphs using the general, nonempirical method of time-dependent (TD) optimally tuned screened range-separated hybrid (OT-SRSH) functional. For 5 ROY polymorphs with known experimental absorption spectra, we show that the TD-OT-SRSH approach predicts absorption spectra in quantitative agreement with experiment. For all polymorphs, we show that an accurate simulation of the colors is obtained, paving the way to a fully predictive, low-cost calculation of color polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Hartstein
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 7610001, Israel
| | - Guy Ohad
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 7610001, Israel
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 7610001, Israel
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2
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Chimatahalli Shanthakumar K, Sridhara PG, Rajabathar JR, Al-lohedan HA, Lokanath NK, Mylnahalli Krishnegowda H. Unveiling a Novel Solvatomorphism of Anti-inflammatory Flufenamic Acid: X-ray Structure, Quantum Chemical, and In Silico Studies. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:20753-20772. [PMID: 38764648 PMCID: PMC11097344 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
This paper delves into the polymorphism of 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)anilino]benzoic acid, commonly referred to as flufenamic acid (FA), a pharmaceutical agent employed in treating inflammatory conditions. The central focus of the study is on a newly unearthed solvatomorphic structure of FA in methanol (FAM), and a thorough comparison is conducted with the commercially available standard structure. Employing a comprehensive approach, including X-ray crystallography, Hirshfeld surface analysis, density functional theory (DFT), molecular docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the research aims to unravel the structural and functional implications of solvatomorphism. The X-ray crystal structure analysis brings to light notable differences between the standard FA and solvatomorphic FAM, showcasing variations in intermolecular interactions and crystal packing. Key features such as hydrogen bonding, π···π stacking, and C-H···π interactions are identified as influential factors shaping the stability and conformation of the compounds. Hirshfeld surface analysis further quantifies the nature and contribution of intermolecular interactions, providing a comprehensive perspective on molecular stability. Density functional theory offers valuable electronic structure insights, highlighting disparities in frontier molecular orbitals between FA and FAM. Molecular docking studies against prostaglandin D2 11-ketoreductase explore potential drug interactions, unveiling distinct binding modes and hydrogen bonding patterns that shed light on how the solvatomorphic structure may impact drug-target interactions. In-depth molecular dynamics simulations over 100 ns investigate the stability of the protein-ligand complex, with root mean square deviation and root mean square fluctuation analyses revealing minimal deviations and affirming the stability of FAM within the active site of the target protein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jothi Ramalingam Rajabathar
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad A. Al-lohedan
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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3
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Terlecki M, Kornowicz A, Sacharczuk K, Justyniak I, Lewiński J. Synthesis, polymorphism, and shape complementarity-induced co-crystallization of hexanuclear Co(II) clusters capped by a flexible heteroligand shell. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7012-7022. [PMID: 38563241 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00261j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Polymorphism and co-crystallization have gradually gained attention as new tools in the development of modern crystalline functional materials. However, the study on the selective self-assembly of metal clusters into multicomponent crystals is still in its infancy. Herein, we present the synthesis and characterization of two new heteroleptic hydroxido-acetato and acetato Co(II) clusters [Co6(OH)2(OAc)4(pyret)6] (1) and [Co6(OAc)6(pyret)6] (2) incorporating auxiliary 2-pyrrolidinoethoxylate (pyret) ligands. On this occasion, we revealed that the commonly used thermal procedure for dehydration of cobalt(II) acetate leads to a reagent comprising substantial contamination by cobalt hydroxido moieties. Comprehensive structural analysis of new compounds demonstrated intriguing crystal structure diversity of hydroxido-acetato cluster 1, which represents a rare example of both conformational and packing polymorphism in one compound, originating from the flexibility of organic O,N-ligands in the secondary coordination sphere. Furthermore, both clusters exhibit an interesting propensity for the selective formation of co-crystals 1·2 driven mainly by van der Waals forces and specific shape complementarity between co-formers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Terlecki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowsiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Arkadiusz Kornowicz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kornel Sacharczuk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowsiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Iwona Justyniak
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Lewiński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowsiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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4
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Yang TY, Gu SW, Zhang YX, Zheng F, Kong D, Dunin-Borkowski RE, Wu D, Ge ZH, Feng J, Jin L. Pseudopolymorphic Phase Engineering for Improved Thermoelectric Performance in Copper Sulfides. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308353. [PMID: 37903494 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphism (and its extended form - pseudopolymorphism) in solids is ubiquitous in mineralogy, crystallography, chemistry/biochemistry, materials science, and the pharmaceutical industries. Despite the difficulty of controlling (pseudo-)polymorphism, the realization of specific (pseudo-)polymorphic phases and associated boundary structures is an efficient route to enhance material performance for energy conversion and electromechanical applications. Here, this work applies the pseudopolymorphic phase (PP) concept to a thermoelectric copper sulfide, Cu2- x S (x ≤ 0.25), via CuBr2 doping. A peak ZT value of 1.25 is obtained at 773 K in Cu1.8 S + 3 wt% CuBr2 , which is 2.3 times higher than that of a pristine Cu1.8 S sample. Atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy confirms the transformation of pristine Cu1.8 S low digenite into PP-engineered high digenite, as well as the formation of (semi-)coherent interfaces between different PPs, which is expected to enhance phonon scattering. The results demonstrate that PP engineering is an effective approach for achieving improved thermoelectric performance in Cu-S compounds. It is also expected to be useful in other materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yu Yang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Shi-Wei Gu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zhang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Fengshan Zheng
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Electron Microscopy Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511442, China
| | - Deli Kong
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Rafal E Dunin-Borkowski
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Ge
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
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5
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Bejoymohandas KS, Redhu A, Sharma CH, SeethaLekshmi S, Divya IS, Kiran MSRN, Thalakulam M, Monti F, Nair RV, Varughese S. Polymorphism-driven Distinct Nanomechanical, Optical, Photophysical, and Conducting Properties in a Benzothiophene-quinoline. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303558. [PMID: 38037264 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphic forms of organic conjugated small molecules, with their unique molecular shapes, packing arrangements, and interaction patterns, provide an excellent opportunity to uncover how their microstructures influence their observable properties. Ethyl-2-(1-benzothiophene-2-yl)quinoline-4-carboxylate (BZQ) exists as dimorphs with distinct crystal habits - blocks (BZB) and needles (BZN). The crystal forms differ in their molecular arrangements - BZB has a slip-stacked column-like structure in contrast to a zig-zag crystal packing with limited π-overlap in BZN. The BZB crystals characterized by extended π-stacking along [100] demonstrated semiconductor behavior, whereas the BZN, with its zig-zag crystal packing and limited stacking characteristics, was reckoned as an insulator. Monotropically related crystal forms also differ in their nanomechanical properties, with BZB crystals being considerably softer than BZN crystals. This discrepancy in mechanical behavior can be attributed to the distinct molecular arrangements adopted by each crystal form, resulting in unique mechanisms to relieve the strain generated during nanoindentation experiments. Waveguiding experiments on the acicular crystals of BZN revealed the passive waveguiding properties. Excitation of these crystals using a 532 nm laser confirmed the propagation of elastically scattered photons (green) and the subsequent generation of inelastically scattered (orange) photons by the crystals. Further, the dimorphs display dissimilar photoluminescence properties; they are both blue-emissive, but BZN displays twice the quantum yield of BZB. The study underscores the integral role of polymorphism in modulating the mechanical, photophysical, and conducting properties of functional molecular materials. Importantly, our findings reveal the existence of light-emitting crystal polymorphs with varying electric conductivity, a relatively scarce phenomenon in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Bejoymohandas
- Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ashish Redhu
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Punjab, 140001, India
| | - Chithra H Sharma
- School of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Sunil SeethaLekshmi
- Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India
| | - I S Divya
- Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - M S R N Kiran
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 603203, India
| | - Madhu Thalakulam
- School of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Filippo Monti
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rajesh V Nair
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Punjab, 140001, India
| | - Sunil Varughese
- Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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6
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Yun Q, Ge Y, Shi Z, Liu J, Wang X, Zhang A, Huang B, Yao Y, Luo Q, Zhai L, Ge J, Peng Y, Gong C, Zhao M, Qin Y, Ma C, Wang G, Wa Q, Zhou X, Li Z, Li S, Zhai W, Yang H, Ren Y, Wang Y, Li L, Ruan X, Wu Y, Chen B, Lu Q, Lai Z, He Q, Huang X, Chen Y, Zhang H. Recent Progress on Phase Engineering of Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37962496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
As a key structural parameter, phase depicts the arrangement of atoms in materials. Normally, a nanomaterial exists in its thermodynamically stable crystal phase. With the development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials with unconventional crystal phases, which rarely exist in their bulk counterparts, or amorphous phase have been prepared using carefully controlled reaction conditions. Together these methods are beginning to enable phase engineering of nanomaterials (PEN), i.e., the synthesis of nanomaterials with unconventional phases and the transformation between different phases, to obtain desired properties and functions. This Review summarizes the research progress in the field of PEN. First, we present representative strategies for the direct synthesis of unconventional phases and modulation of phase transformation in diverse kinds of nanomaterials. We cover the synthesis of nanomaterials ranging from metal nanostructures such as Au, Ag, Cu, Pd, and Ru, and their alloys; metal oxides, borides, and carbides; to transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and 2D layered materials. We review synthesis and growth methods ranging from wet-chemical reduction and seed-mediated epitaxial growth to chemical vapor deposition (CVD), high pressure phase transformation, and electron and ion-beam irradiation. After that, we summarize the significant influence of phase on the various properties of unconventional-phase nanomaterials. We also discuss the potential applications of the developed unconventional-phase nanomaterials in different areas including catalysis, electrochemical energy storage (batteries and supercapacitors), solar cells, optoelectronics, and sensing. Finally, we discuss existing challenges and future research directions in PEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinbai Yun
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering & Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiyao Ge
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhenyu Shi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Xixi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - An Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Biao Huang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qinxin Luo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingjie Ge
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yongwu Peng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Chengtao Gong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Meiting Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yutian Qin
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chen Ma
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qingbo Wa
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xichen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zijian Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yongji Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lujing Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinyang Ruan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuxuan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qipeng Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhuangchai Lai
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qiyuan He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
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7
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James AM, McIntosh N, Devaux F, Brocorens P, Cornil J, Greco A, Maini L, Pandey P, Pandolfi L, Kunert B, Venuti E, Geerts YH, Resel R. Polymorph screening at surfaces of a benzothienobenzothiophene derivative: discovering new solvate forms. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:4415-4422. [PMID: 37476933 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00764b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of new polymorphs opens up unique applications for molecular materials since their physical properties are predominantly influenced by the crystal structure type. The deposition of molecules at surfaces offers great potential in the variation of the crystallization conditions, thereby allowing access to unknown polymorphs. With our surface crystallization approach, four new phases are found for an oligoethylene glycol-benzothienobenzothiophene molecule, and none of these phases could be identified via classical polymorph screening. The corresponding crystal lattices of three of the new phases were obtained via X-ray diffraction (XRD). Based on the volumetric considerations together with X-ray fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy data, the phases are identified as solvates containing one, two or three solvent molecules per molecule. The strong interaction of dichloromethane with the oligoethylene glycol side chains of the molecules may be responsible for the formation of the solvates. Temperature-dependent XRD reveals the low thermal stability of the new phases, contrary to the thermodynamically stable bulk form. Nevertheless, the four solvates are stable under ambient conditions for at least two years. This work illustrates that defined crystallization at surfaces enables access to multiple solvates of a given material through precise and controlled variations in the crystallization kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Maria James
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Nemo McIntosh
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Félix Devaux
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Patrick Brocorens
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Cornil
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | | | - Lucia Maini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", University Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Priya Pandey
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", University Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pandolfi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna viale del Risorgimento, 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Birgit Kunert
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Elisabetta Venuti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna viale del Risorgimento, 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Yves Henri Geerts
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
- International Solvay Institutes of Physics and Chemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Roland Resel
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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8
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Li F, Chen S, Hu H, Liang C, Sun S, Jin C, Chen F. Crystallization Selectivity of Ribavirin Solution and Amorphous Phase. Molecules 2023; 28:6320. [PMID: 37687147 PMCID: PMC10488721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Crystallization selectivity is an important principle in polymorph control. Ribavirin Form I, Form II, DMSO solvate, and amorphous ribavirin are prepared, and the short-range order similarities between these solid forms and ribavirin aqueous solution and DMSO solution are compared via mid-frequency Raman difference spectra (MFRDS). The crystallization process from amorphous ribavirin to Form I and from solution to amorphous phase is explained. Reasons for the difficulty in preparing the DMSO solvate are proposed. The rationale provided for the crystallization selectivity provides a foundation for the synthesis of metastable phases with a robust and convenient method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuying Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Monitoring & Sustainable Management and Utilization, Sanming University, Sanming 365004, China; (F.L.)
- Department of Engineering Technology Management, International College, Krirk University, Bangkok 10220, Thailand
| | - Shiying Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Monitoring & Sustainable Management and Utilization, Sanming University, Sanming 365004, China; (F.L.)
| | - Haoxin Hu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Chengfeng Liang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Monitoring & Sustainable Management and Utilization, Sanming University, Sanming 365004, China; (F.L.)
| | - Shiyu Sun
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Monitoring & Sustainable Management and Utilization, Sanming University, Sanming 365004, China; (F.L.)
| | - Can Jin
- Torch High Technology Industry Development Center, Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Fenghua Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Monitoring & Sustainable Management and Utilization, Sanming University, Sanming 365004, China; (F.L.)
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9
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Xiao X, Zhang Z, Wu Y, Xu J, Gao X, Xu R, Huang W, Ye Y, Oyakhire ST, Zhang P, Chen B, Cevik E, Asiri SM, Bozkurt A, Amine K, Cui Y. Ultrahigh-Loading Manganese-Based Electrodes for Aqueous Batteries via Polymorph Tuning. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211555. [PMID: 37149287 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Manganese-based aqueous batteries utilizing Mn2+ /MnO2 redox reactions are promising choices for grid-scale energy storage due to their high theoretical specific capacity, high power capability, low-cost, and intrinsic safety with water-based electrolytes. However, the application of such systems is hindered by the insulating nature of deposited MnO2 , resulting in low normalized areal loading (0.005-0.05 mAh cm-2 ) during the charge/discharge cycle. In this work, the electrochemical performance of various MnO2 polymorphs in Mn2+ /MnO2 redox reactions is investigated, and ɛ-MnO2 with low conductivity is determined to be the primary electrochemically deposited phase in normal acidic aqueous electrolyte. It is found that increasing the temperature can change the deposited phase from ɛ-MnO2 with low conductivity to γ-MnO2 with two order of magnitude increase in conductivity. It is demonstrated that the highly conductive γ-MnO2 can be effectively exploited for ultrahigh areal loading electrode, and a normalized areal loading of 33 mAh cm-2 is achieved. At a mild temperature of 50 °C, cells are cycled with an ultrahigh areal loading of 20 mAh cm-2 (1-2 orders of magnitude higher than previous studies) for over 200 cycles with only 13% capacity loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Zewen Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yecun Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jinwei Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Wenxiao Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yusheng Ye
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Solomon T Oyakhire
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Pu Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Baoliang Chen
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Emre Cevik
- Bioenergy Research unit, Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah M Asiri
- Bioenergy Research unit, Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayhan Bozkurt
- Bioenergy Research unit, Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalil Amine
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Bioenergy Research unit, Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Yi Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
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10
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Pirela V, Elgoyhen J, Tomovska R, Martín J, Le CMQ, Chemtob A, Bessif B, Heck B, Reiter G, Müller AJ. Unraveling the Complex Polymorphic Crystallization Behavior of the Alternating Copolymer DMDS- alt-DVE. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2023; 5:5260-5269. [PMID: 37469882 PMCID: PMC10353521 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.3c00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
A complex crystallization behavior was observed for the alternating copolymer DMDS-alt-DVE synthesized via thiol-ene step-growth polymerization. Understanding the underlying complex crystallization processes of such innovative polythioethers is critical for their application, for example, in polymer coating technologies. These alternating copolymers have polymorphic traits, resulting in different phases that may display distinct crystalline structures. The copolymer DMDS-alt-DVE was studied in an earlier work, where only two crystalline phases were reported: a low melting, L - Tm, and high melting, H - Tm phase. Remarkably, the H - Tm form was only achieved by the previous formation and melting of the L - Tm form. We applied calorimetric techniques encompassing seven orders of magnitude in scanning rates to further explore this complex polymorphic behavior. Most importantly, by rapidly quenching the sample to temperatures well below room temperature, we detected an additional polymorphic form (characterized by a very low melting phase, denoted VL - Tm). Moreover, through tailored thermal protocols, we successfully produced samples containing only one, two, or all three polymorphs, providing insights into their interrelationships. Understanding polymorphism, crystallization, and the resulting morphological differences can have significant implications and potential impact on mechanical resistance and barrier properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pirela
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry, and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Justine Elgoyhen
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry, and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Radmila Tomovska
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry, and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao 48009, Spain
| | - Jaime Martín
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry, and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao 48009, Spain
- Campus Industrial de Ferrol, CITENI, Esteiro, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol 15403, Spain
| | - Cuong Minh Quoc Le
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), UMR CNRS 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, 15 rue Jean Starcky, Mulhouse, Cedex 68057, France
| | - Abraham Chemtob
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), UMR CNRS 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, 15 rue Jean Starcky, Mulhouse, Cedex 68057, France
| | - Brahim Bessif
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Barbara Heck
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Günter Reiter
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Alejandro J Müller
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry, and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao 48009, Spain
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11
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Long X, An R, Lv Y, Wu X, Mutailipu M. BaMo 3O 10 Polymorphs with Tunable Symmetries and Properties. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37339069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphism is a well-known but important phenomenon in the field of solid-state chemistry. Crystalline materials can form various polymorphs and present drastically varied physical and chemical properties. Herein, systematic exploration of the BaO-MoO3 binary system leads to the discovery of a new barium molybdate, α-BaMo3O10. The temperature-dependent phase transition from α-BaMo3O10 to β-BaMo3O10 is confirmed. The tunable linear and nonlinear optical properties induced by the phase transition are confirmed by both experimental and theoretical approaches. Also, β-BaMo3O10 is identified as a nonlinear-optical crystal for the first time. The origin of linear- and nonlinear-optical properties of BaMo3O10 polymorphs is confirmed by the additional theoretical means. This work indicates that a small change in the structure can induce tunable symmetries and thereby widely divergent optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran An
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, People's Republic of China
| | - Miriding Mutailipu
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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12
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Athiyarath V, Mathew LA, Zhao Y, Khazeber R, Ramamurty U, Sureshan KM. Rational design and topochemical synthesis of polymorphs of a polymer. Chem Sci 2023; 14:5132-5140. [PMID: 37206383 PMCID: PMC10189859 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00053b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Packing a polymer in different ways can give polymorphs of the polymer having different properties. β-Turn forming peptides such as 2-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib)-rich peptides adopt several conformations by varying the dihedral angles. Aiming at this, a β-turn-forming peptide monomer would give different polymorphs and these polymorphs upon topochemical polymerization would yield polymorphs of the polymer, we designed an Aib-rich monomer N3-(Aib)3-NHCH2-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CH. This monomer crystallizes as two polymorphs and one hydrate. In all forms, the peptide adopts β-turn conformations and arranges in a head-to-tail manner with their azide and alkyne units proximally placed in a ready-to-react alignment. On heating, both the polymorphs undergo topochemical azide-alkyne cycloaddition polymerization. Polymorph I polymerized in a single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) fashion and the single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of the polymer revealed its screw-sense reversing helical structure. Polymorph II maintains its crystallinity during polymerization but gradually becomes amorphous upon storage. The hydrate III undergoes a dehydrative transition to polymorph II. Nanoindentation studies revealed that different polymorphs of the monomer and the corresponding polymers exhibited different mechanical properties, in accordance with their crystal packing. This work demonstrates the promising future of the marriage of polymorphism and topochemistry for obtaining polymorphs of polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Athiyarath
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Liby Ann Mathew
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Yakai Zhao
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore
| | - Ravichandran Khazeber
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Upadrasta Ramamurty
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore
| | - Kana M Sureshan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
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13
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Heiner BR, Pittsford AM, Kandel SA. Self-assembly controlled at the level of individual functional groups. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 59:170-178. [PMID: 36484702 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04537k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Molecular self-assembly is driven by intermolecular interactions between the functional groups on the component molecules. Small changes in molecular structure can make large differences in extended structure, and understanding this connection will lead to predictive power and control of the self-assembly process. Scanning tunneling microscopy is used to study self-assembly in two-dimensional clusters and monolayers, and the experimental approach is to study "families" of molecules where one or more functional groups is varied in a methodical way. Studied families include indole carboxylic acids, isatin derivatives (which have the indole backbone), quinaldic acid, thioethers, and fluorenone derivatives. In these systems, a variety of intermolecular interactions drive the assembly of the molecular monolayer, including hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, zwitterionic interactions, surface interactions, and halogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Heiner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Notre Dame, 2002 Cavanaugh Dr, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
| | - Alexander M Pittsford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Notre Dame, 2002 Cavanaugh Dr, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
| | - S Alex Kandel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Notre Dame, 2002 Cavanaugh Dr, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
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14
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Balzer F, Breuer T, Witte G, Schiek M. Template and Temperature-Controlled Polymorph Formation in Squaraine Thin Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:9266-9277. [PMID: 35858043 PMCID: PMC9352357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the polymorph formation in organic semiconductor thin films by the choice of processing parameters is a key factor for targeted device performance. Small molecular semiconductors such as the prototypical anilino squaraine compound with branched butyl chains as terminal functionalization (SQIB) allow both solution and vapor phase deposition methods. SQIB has been considered for various photovoltaic applications mainly as amorphous isotropic thin films due to its broad absorption within the visible to deep-red spectral range. The two known crystalline polymorphs adopting a monoclinic and orthorhombic crystal phase show characteristic Frenkel excitonic spectral signatures of overall H-type and J-type aggregates, respectively, with additional pronounced Davydov splitting. This gives a recognizable polarized optical response of crystalline thin films suitable for identification of the polymorphs. Both phases emerge with a strongly preferred out-of-plane and rather random in-plane orientation in spin-casted thin films depending on subsequent thermal annealing. By contrast, upon vapor deposition on dielectric and conductive substrates, such as silicon dioxide, potassium chloride, graphene, and gold, the polymorph expression depends basically on the choice of growth substrate. The same pronounced out-of-plane orientation is adopted in all crystalline cases, but with a surface templated in-plane alignment in case of crystalline substrates. Strikingly, the amorphous isotropic thin films obtained by vapor deposition cannot be crystallized by thermal postannealing, which is a key feature for the spin-casted thin films, here monitored by polarized in situ microscopy. Combining X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, ellipsometry, and polarized spectro-microscopy, we identify the processing-dependent evolution of the crystal phases, correlating morphology and molecular orientations within the textured SQIB films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Balzer
- SDU
Centre for Photonics Engineering, University
of Southern Denmark, Sønderborg DK-6400, Denmark
| | - Tobias Breuer
- Department
of Physics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg D-35032, Germany
| | - Gregor Witte
- Department
of Physics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg D-35032, Germany
| | - Manuela Schiek
- Institute
of Physics, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg D-26111, Germany
- Center
for Surface- and Nanoanalytics (ZONA), Institute for Physical Chemistry
(IPC) & Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Johannes Kepler University, Linz A-4040, Austria
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15
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Nogueira BA, Lopes SM, Pinho e Melo TM, Paixão JA, Milani A, Castiglioni C, Fausto R. Molecular and crystal structures of N-picryl-m-phenolidine and investigation of single crystal polarized Raman spectra. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Weatherby JA, Rumson AF, Price AJA, Otero de la Roza A, Johnson ER. A density-functional benchmark of vibrational free-energy corrections for molecular crystal polymorphism. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:114108. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0083082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many crystal structure prediction protocols only concern themselves with the electronic energy of molecular crystals. However, vibrational contributions to the free energy ( Fvib) can be significant in determining accurate stability rankings for crystal candidates. While force-field studies have been conducted to gauge the magnitude of these free-energy corrections, highly accurate results from quantum mechanical methods, such as density-functional theory (DFT), are desirable. Here, we introduce the PV17 set of 17 polymorphic pairs of organic molecular crystals, for which plane wave DFT is used to calculate the vibrational free energies and free-energy differences (Δ Fvib) between each pair. Our DFT results confirm that the vibrational free-energy corrections are small, having a mean value of 1.0 kJ/mol and a maximum value of 2.3 kJ/mol for the PV17 set. Furthermore, we assess the accuracy of a series of lower-cost DFT, semi-empirical, and force-field models for computing Δ Fvib that have been proposed in the literature. It is found that calculating Fvib using the Γ-point frequencies does not provide Δ Fvib values of sufficiently high quality. In addition, Δ Fvib values calculated using various approximate methods have mean absolute errors relative to our converged DFT results of equivalent or larger magnitude than the vibrational free-energy corrections themselves. Thus, we conclude that, in a crystal structure prediction protocol, it is preferable to forego the inclusion of vibrational free-energy corrections than to estimate them with any of the approximate methods considered here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. Weatherby
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Rd, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Adrian F. Rumson
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Rd, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Alastair J. A. Price
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Rd, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Alberto Otero de la Roza
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica and MALTA Consolider Team, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Erin R. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Rd, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, 6310 Coburg Rd, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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17
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Fu Y. Stabilization of Metastable Halide Perovskite Lattices in the 2D Limit. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108556. [PMID: 35043477 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites constitute a new class of semiconductors that are structurally tailorable, exhibiting rich structural polymorphs. In this perspective, the polymorphism in lead halide perovskites is described-a material system currently used for high-performance photovoltaics and optoelectronics. Strategies for stabilizing the metastable perovskite polymorphs based on crystal size reduction and surface functionalization are critically reviewed. Focus is on an unprecedented stabilization of metastable perovskite lattices in the 2D limit (e.g., with a thickness down to a few unit cells) due to the dominance of surface effects. This stabilization allows the incorporation of various A-cations that deemed oversized for 3D perovskites into the 2D perovskite lattices, which bring new insights on the relationships between the crystal structures and optoelectronic properties and lead to emergent ferroelectricity in halide perovskites. A comprehensive understanding is provided on how the A-cations influence the structural, optoelectronic, and ferroelectric properties, with an emphasis on the second order Jahn-Teller distortion caused by the oversized A-cations. Finally, future perspectives on new structure exploration and studies of fundamental photophysical properties using stabilized perovskite lattices are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Fu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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18
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A complete description of thermodynamic stabilities of molecular crystals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2111769119. [PMID: 35131847 PMCID: PMC8832981 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2111769119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting stable polymorphs of molecular crystals remains one of the grand challenges of computational science. Current methods invoke approximations to electronic structure and statistical mechanics and thus fail to consistently reproduce the delicate balance of physical effects determining thermodynamic stability. We compute the rigorous ab initio Gibbs free energies for competing polymorphs of paradigmatic compounds, using machine learning to mitigate costs. The accurate description of electronic structure and full treatment of quantum statistical mechanics allow us to predict the experimentally observed phase behavior. This constitutes a key step toward the first-principles design of functional materials for applications from photovoltaics to pharmaceuticals. Predictions of relative stabilities of (competing) molecular crystals are of great technological relevance, most notably for the pharmaceutical industry. However, they present a long-standing challenge for modeling, as often minuscule free energy differences are sensitively affected by the description of electronic structure, the statistical mechanics of the nuclei and the cell, and thermal expansion. The importance of these effects has been individually established, but rigorous free energy calculations for general molecular compounds, which simultaneously account for all effects, have hitherto not been computationally viable. Here we present an efficient “end to end” framework that seamlessly combines state-of-the art electronic structure calculations, machine-learning potentials, and advanced free energy methods to calculate ab initio Gibbs free energies for general organic molecular materials. The facile generation of machine-learning potentials for a diverse set of polymorphic compounds—benzene, glycine, and succinic acid—and predictions of thermodynamic stabilities in qualitative and quantitative agreement with experiments highlight that predictive thermodynamic studies of industrially relevant molecular materials are no longer a daunting task.
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19
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Juráková J, Midlikova J, Hrubý J, Kliuikov A, Santana VT, Pavlik J, Moncol J, Cizmar E, Orlita M, Mohelsky I, Neugebauer P, Gentili D, Cavallini M, Salitros I. Pentacoordinate Cobalt(II) Single Ion Magnets with Pendant Alkyl Chains: Shall We Go for Chloride or Bromide? Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi01350e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Four pentacoordinate complexes 1-4 of the type [Co(L1)X2] and [Co(L2)X2] (where L1=2,6-bis(1-octyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine for 1 and 2, L2=2,6-bis(1-dodecyl-1H-benzimidazol -2-yl)-pyridine for 3 and 4; X = Cl- for 1 and 3, X...
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20
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Ito S. Luminescent polymorphic crystals: mechanoresponsive and multicolor-emissive properties. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01614h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphic organic crystals that can switch their photophysical properties in response to mechanical stimuli are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Ito
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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21
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Structural investigation and Hirshfeld surface analysis of two polymorphs of 2-(4-Methylbenzamido)-5-(4-fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazoles. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Li S, Zhang ZY, Zhang H, Bai YL, Cui L, Li C. Synthesis of a luminescent macrocycle and its crystalline structure-adaptive transformation. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00926a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We report that the marriage of macrocycle chemistry and crystal engineering provides interesting macrocycle crystals with switchable luminescence and structure-adaptive transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
| | - Haichang Zhang
- Science and Technology on Power Sources Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Power Sources, Tianjin, 300384, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Ling Bai
- College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Lei Cui
- College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Chunju Li
- College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
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23
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Kaltenegger M, Hofer S, Resel R, Werzer O, Riegler H, Simbrunner J, Winkler C, Geerts Y, Liu J. Engineering of a kinetically driven phase of phenoxazine by surface crystallisation. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00479h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Surface crystallisation yields an unknown polymorph of the phenoxazine molecule. Tuning the crystallisation conditions causes a defined crystal growth of either the thermodynamically stable phase or the kinetic phase observed exclusively within thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kaltenegger
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP 206/1, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Sebastian Hofer
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Resel
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Oliver Werzer
- Department for Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graz University, Universitätsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
- JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Institute for Surface Technologies and Photonics, Franz-Pichler-Straße 30, 8160 Weiz, Austria
| | - Hans Riegler
- Department for Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graz University, Universitätsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Josef Simbrunner
- Division of Neuroradiology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 9, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Christian Winkler
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Yves Geerts
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP 206/1, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
- International Solvay Institutes of Physics and Chemistry, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jie Liu
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP 206/1, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
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24
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Seidi F, Yazdi MK, Jouyandeh M, Habibzadeh S, Munir MT, Vahabi H, Bagheri B, Rabiee N, Zarrintaj P, Saeb MR. Crystalline polysaccharides: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 275:118624. [PMID: 34742405 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The biodegradability and mechanical properties of polysaccharides are dependent on their architecture (linear or branched) as well as their crystallinity (size of crystals and crystallinity percent). The amount of crystalline zones in the polysaccharide significantly governs their ultimate properties and applications (from packaging to biomedicine). Although synthesis, characterization, and properties of polysaccharides have been the subject of several review papers, the effects of crystallization kinetics and crystalline domains on the properties and application have not been comprehensively addressed. This review places focus on different aspects of crystallization of polysaccharides as well as applications of crystalline polysaccharides. Crystallization of cellulose, chitin, chitosan, and starch, as the main members of this family, were discussed. Then, application of the aforementioned crystalline polysaccharides and nano-polysaccharides as well as their physical and chemical interactions were overviewed. This review attempts to provide a complete picture of crystallization-property relationship in polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Seidi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Jouyandeh
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad Habibzadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Henri Vahabi
- Université de Lorraine, CentraleSupélec, LMOPS, F-57000 Metz, France
| | - Babak Bagheri
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9161, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, 420 Engineering North, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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25
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Yan S, Cazorla A, Babuji A, Solano E, Ruzié C, Geerts YH, Ocal C, Barrena E. Temperature-induced polymorphism of a benzothiophene derivative: reversibility and impact on the thin film morphology. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:24562-24569. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03467k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report the formation of a high temperature polymorph when C8O–BTBT–OC8 films are annealed, with different scenarios after cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Yan
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Cazorla
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adara Babuji
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Solano
- ALBA synchrotron, C/de la Llum 2-26, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08290, Spain
| | - Christian Ruzié
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, CP 206/01, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Yves H. Geerts
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, CP 206/01, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
- International Solvay Institutes of Physics and Chemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, CP 231, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Carmen Ocal
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Barrena
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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26
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Hofer S, Hofer A, Simbrunner J, Ramsey M, Sterrer M, Sanzone A, Beverina L, Geerts Y, Resel R. Phase Transition toward a Thermodynamically Less Stable Phase: Cross-Nucleation due to Thin Film Growth of a Benzothieno-benzothiophene Derivative. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:28039-28047. [PMID: 35003483 PMCID: PMC8724801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c06610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The molecule 2-decyl-7-phenyl-[1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene is an organic semiconductor, with outstanding properties in terms of molecular packing and its use in organic electronics. The asymmetric shape of the molecule causes a double layer crystal structure at room temperature. In this work we report its thin film growth by physical vapor deposition starting from the monolayer regime up to thick films. The films are studied in terms of their morphology, crystallographic properties, and thermal stability by atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction methods. It is found that the bulk molecular packing of the bilayer is formed at the initial thin film growth stage. After a thickness of one double layer, a transition into a new polymorph is observed which is of metastable character. The new phase represents a single layer phase; the crystal structure could be solved by a combination of X-ray diffraction and molecular dynamics simulations. The observed thin film growth is outstanding in terms of surface crystallization: the formation of a metastable phase is not associated with the initial thin film growth, since the first growth stage represents rather the bulk crystal structure of this molecule. Its formation is associated with cross-nucleation of one polymorph by another, which explains why a metastable phase can be formed on top of a thermodynamically more stable phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Hofer
- Institute
of Solid State Physics, Graz University
of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Hofer
- Institute
of Solid State Physics, Graz University
of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Josef Simbrunner
- Division
of Neuroradiology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Medical University Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Ramsey
- Institute
of Physics, Karl-Franzens University Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Sterrer
- Institute
of Physics, Karl-Franzens University Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Alessandro Sanzone
- Department
of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Beverina
- Department
of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Yves Geerts
- Laboratoire
de Chimie des Polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe, CP 206/01, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
- International
Solvay Institutes for Physics and Chemistry, Université Libre
de Bruxelles, Boulevard
du Triomphe, CP 231, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Roland Resel
- Institute
of Solid State Physics, Graz University
of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
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27
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Zou Z, Tsai ST, Tiwary P. Toward Automated Sampling of Polymorph Nucleation and Free Energies with the SGOOP and Metadynamics. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:13049-13056. [PMID: 34788047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c07595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the driving forces behind the nucleation of different polymorphs is of great importance for material sciences and the pharmaceutical industry. This includes understanding the reaction coordinate that governs the nucleation process and correctly calculating the relative free energies of different polymorphs. Here, we demonstrate, for the prototypical case of urea nucleation from the melt, how one can learn such a one-dimensional reaction coordinate as a function of prespecified order parameters and use it to perform efficient biased all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. The reaction coordinate is learnt as a function of the generic thermodynamic and structural order parameters using the "spectral gap optimization of order parameters (SGOOP)" approach [Tiwary, P. and Berne, B. J. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2016)] and is biased using well-tempered metadynamics simulations. The reaction coordinate gives insights into the role played by different structural and thermodynamics order parameters, and the biased simulations obtain accurate relative free energies for different polymorphs. This includes an accurate prediction of the approximate pressure at which urea undergoes a phase transition and one of the metastable polymorphs becomes the most stable conformation. We believe the ideas demonstrated in this work will facilitate efficient sampling of nucleation in complex, generic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Zou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Sun-Ting Tsai
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States.,Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Pratyush Tiwary
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States.,Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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28
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Zahid AH, Han Q. A review on the preparation, microstructure, and photocatalytic performance of Bi 2O 3 in polymorphs. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:17687-17724. [PMID: 34734945 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03187b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the semiconductor bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) has attracted increasing attention as a potential visible-light-driven photocatalyst due to its simple composition, relatively narrow bandgap (2.2-2.8 eV), and high oxidation ability with deep valence band levels. Owing to the symmetry of its unit cell, Bi2O3 exists in more than one crystal form and exhibits phase-dependent photocatalytic properties. However, the phase-selective synthesis of Bi2O3 is a complex process, and its phase transformation usually occurs in a wide temperature range. Therefore, the development of Bi2O3 phases with a controllable microstructure and good photocatalytic properties is a great challenge. Hundreds of articles have been reported on the phase-selective synthesis and photocatalytic performance of Bi2O3. However, an interacting and critical review has rarely been reported, and thus it is essential to fill the gap in the literature. In this review, the phase-dependent photocatalytic performance of Bi2O3 is presented in detail. The phase-selective synthesis and temperature-dependent phase stability of highly active Bi2O3 are explored. The phase junction in Bi2O3 is reviewed, and the future perspective with an outlook on contemporary challenges is provided finally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Hannan Zahid
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Qiaofeng Han
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, PR China.
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29
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Salzillo T, Giunchi A, Pandolfi L, Brillante A, Venuti E. Bulk and Surface‐Mediated Polymorphs of Bio‐Inspired Dyes Organic Semiconductors: The Role of Lattice Phonons in their Investigation. Isr J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Salzillo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics Weizmann Institute of Science Herzl Street 234 76100 Rehovot Israel
| | - Andrea Giunchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, and INSTM-UdR Bologna Università di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 Bologna 40136 Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pandolfi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, and INSTM-UdR Bologna Università di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 Bologna 40136 Italy
| | - Aldo Brillante
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, and INSTM-UdR Bologna Università di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 Bologna 40136 Italy
| | - Elisabetta Venuti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, and INSTM-UdR Bologna Università di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 Bologna 40136 Italy
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30
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Kainz MP, Legenstein L, Holzer V, Hofer S, Kaltenegger M, Resel R, Simbrunner J. GIDInd: an automated indexing software for grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction data. J Appl Crystallogr 2021; 54:1256-1267. [PMID: 34429726 PMCID: PMC8366425 DOI: 10.1107/s1600576721006609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The GIDInd software package is a MATLAB-based application for automated indexing of grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction data. Grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) is a widely used technique for the crystallographic characterization of thin films. The identification of a specific phase or the discovery of an unknown polymorph always requires indexing of the associated diffraction pattern. However, despite the importance of this procedure, only a few approaches have been developed so far. Recently, an advanced mathematical framework for indexing of these specific diffraction patterns has been developed. Here, the successful implementation of this framework in the form of an automated indexing software, named GIDInd, is introduced. GIDInd is based on the assumption of a triclinic unit cell with six lattice constants and a distinct contact plane parallel to the substrate surface. Two approaches are chosen: (i) using only diffraction peaks of the GIXD pattern and (ii) combining the GIXD pattern with a specular diffraction peak. In the first approach the six unknown lattice parameters have to be determined by a single fitting procedure, while in the second approach two successive fitting procedures are used with three unknown parameters each. The output unit cells are reduced cells according to approved crystallographic conventions. Unit-cell solutions are additionally numerically optimized. The computational toolkit is compiled in the form of a MATLAB executable and presented within a user-friendly graphical user interface. The program is demonstrated by application on two independent examples of thin organic films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Peter Kainz
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Lukas Legenstein
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Valentin Holzer
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Sebastian Hofer
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Martin Kaltenegger
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Roland Resel
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Josef Simbrunner
- Division of Neuroradiology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 9, Graz, 8036, Austria
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31
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Yazdi MK, Seidi F, Jin Y, Zarrintaj P, Xiao H, Esmaeili A, Habibzadeh S, Saeb MR. Crystallization of Polysaccharides. POLYSACCHARIDES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119711414.ch13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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32
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Tamayo A, Hofer S, Salzillo T, Ruzié C, Schweicher G, Resel R, Mas-Torrent M. Mobility anisotropy in the herringbone structure of asymmetric Ph-BTBT-10 in solution sheared thin film transistors. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. C 2021; 9:7186-7193. [PMID: 34211720 PMCID: PMC8191576 DOI: 10.1039/d1tc01288f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Thin films of the organic semiconductor Ph-BTBT-10 and blends of this material with polystyrene have been deposited by a solution shearing technique at low (1 mm s-1) and high (10 mm s-1) coating velocities and implemented in organic field-effect transistors. Combined X-ray diffraction and electrical characterisation studies prove that the films coated at low speed are significantly anisotropic. The highest mobility is found along the coating direction, which corresponds to the crystallographic a-axis. In contrast, at high coating speed the films are crystallographically less ordered but with better thin film homogeneity and exhibit isotropic electrical characteristics. Best mobilities are found in films prepared at high coating speeds with the blended semiconductor. This work demonstrates the interplay between the crystal packing and thin film morphology and uniformity and their impact on the device performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Tamayo
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus de la UAB 08193 Bellaterra Spain
| | - Sebastian Hofer
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 16 Graz 8010 Austria
| | - Tommaso Salzillo
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus de la UAB 08193 Bellaterra Spain
| | - Christian Ruzié
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Guillaume Schweicher
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Roland Resel
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 16 Graz 8010 Austria
| | - Marta Mas-Torrent
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus de la UAB 08193 Bellaterra Spain
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33
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Zhang K, Du SW. A novel series of giant cobalt-calixarene macrocycles: ring-expansion and modulation of pore apertures through recrystallization. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:6181-6187. [PMID: 33871004 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00556a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of metallomacrocycles can be quite challenging because the assemblies of such molecular cycles are difficult to control and the products are usually unpredictable. In this work, a novel series of metallomacrocycles, denoted as {Co30-A}, {Co30-B} and {Co32-A} have been synthesized via self-assembly of p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene (H4TC4A) and 3,5-pyrazoledicarboxylic acid (H3pdc) with Co2+ ions under solvothermal conditions. Recrystallization of {Co32-A} under different conditions was found to form {Co32-B} and {Co32-C} that have a similar ring structure to that of {Co32-A} but have different molecular packing modes in the lattices, as well as a 40-membered ring {Co40}. These complexes represent the highest-nuclearity metallocalixarene coordination wheels reported to date. Crystallographic studies indicate that all these metallomacrocycles feature wheel-like structures with apertures varing from 11.4 to 20.3 Å. It is noteworthy that {Co32-A} exhibited good efficiency in removing RhB even at low initial concentration (10 ppm) and also excellent adsorption selectivity towards RhB over Na2Fl (RhB = Rhodamine B, Na2Fl = disodium fluorescein). This work not only makes a breakthrough in the synthesis of metallocalixarene macrocycles with high nuclearity and large apertures, but also provides a simple recrystallization approach to realize the ring-expansion and regulation of molecular packing modes of the metallomacrocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Wu Du
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
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34
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Luong LMC, Olmstead MM, Balch AL. A non-luminescent polymorph of [(cyclohexyl isocyanide) 2Au]PF 6 that becomes luminescent upon grinding or exposure to dichloromethane vapor. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:793-796. [PMID: 33355566 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06161a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of a third, non-luminescent crystalline polymorph of [(C6H11NC)2Au]PF6 is reported. Remarkably, crystals of this polymorph are sensitive to mechanical pressure or to exposure to dichloromethane vapor. In both cases, the conversion produces the yellow, green luminescent polymorph of [(C6H11NC)2Au]PF6 and not the colorless, blue luminescent polymorph.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy M C Luong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
| | - Marilyn M Olmstead
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
| | - Alan L Balch
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
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35
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Alvarez-Roca R, Gouveia AF, de Foggi CC, Lemos PS, Gracia L, da Silva LF, Vergani CE, San-Miguel M, Longo E, Andrés J. Selective Synthesis of α-, β-, and γ-Ag 2WO 4 Polymorphs: Promising Platforms for Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Materials. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:1062-1079. [PMID: 33372756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Silver tungstate (Ag2WO4) shows structural polymorphism with different crystalline phases, namely, orthorhombic, hexagonal, and cubic structures that are commonly known as α, β, and γ, respectively. In this work, these Ag2WO4 polymorphs were selectively and successfully synthesized through a simple precipitation route at ambient temperature. The polymorph-controlled synthesis was conducted by means of the volumetric ratios of the silver nitrate/tungstate sodium dehydrate precursors in solution. The structural and electronic properties of the as-synthesized Ag2WO4 polymorphs were investigated by using a combination of X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinements, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy images, and photoluminescence. To complement and rationalize the experimental results, first-principles calculations, at the density functional theory level, were carried out, leading to an unprecedented glimpse into the atomic-level properties of the morphology and the exposed surfaces of Ag2WO4 polymorphs. Following the analysis of the local coordination of Ag and W cations (clusters) at each exposed surface of the three polymorphs, the structure-property relationship between the morphology and the photocatalytic and antibacterial activities against amiloride degradation under ultraviolet light irradiation and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, respectively, was investigated. A possible mechanism of the photocatalytic and antibacterial activity as well the formation process and growth of the polymorphs is also explored and proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Fernandes Gouveia
- Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Unicamp, 13083-970 Campinas, SP Brazil.,Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Jaume I University, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | | | | | - Lourdes Gracia
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Jaume I University, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | | | | | - Miguel San-Miguel
- Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Unicamp, 13083-970 Campinas, SP Brazil
| | | | - Juan Andrés
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Jaume I University, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain
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36
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Chen XR, Luo M, Zhang ZM, Xu XY, Jiang Y, Liu H. Magnetism, dielectrics and ion conduction in two polymorphs of a heteroleptic bis(dithiolato)nickelate molecular solid. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00491c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new heteroleptic compound [triethylpropylammonium][Ni(dmit)(mnt)] with two crystal polymorphs, which show different magnetic and dielectric properties, has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Rong Chen
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering and Instrumental Analysis Center
- Yancheng Teachers University
- Yancheng 224007
- P. R. China
| | - Min Luo
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering and Instrumental Analysis Center
- Yancheng Teachers University
- Yancheng 224007
- P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Min Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering and Instrumental Analysis Center
- Yancheng Teachers University
- Yancheng 224007
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
| | - Yi Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering and Instrumental Analysis Center
- Yancheng Teachers University
- Yancheng 224007
- P. R. China
| | - Hang Liu
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering and Instrumental Analysis Center
- Yancheng Teachers University
- Yancheng 224007
- P. R. China
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37
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Ganie AA, Ismail TM, Sajith PK, Dar AA. Validation of the supramolecular synthon preference through DFT and physicochemical property investigations of pyridyl salts of organo-sulfonates. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05485b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Understanding of the supramolecular synthon competition is sparse and the synthon hierarchy studies are limited. Herein, we validate the synthon preferences in multi-functional organic precursor through DFT and crystallographic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshid A. Ganie
- Department of Chemistry
- Inorganic Section
- University of Kashmir
- Hazratbal
- India
| | | | - P. K. Sajith
- Department of Chemistry
- Farook College
- Kozhikode
- India
| | - Aijaz A. Dar
- Department of Chemistry
- Inorganic Section
- University of Kashmir
- Hazratbal
- India
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38
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Ohtani S, Takeda Y, Gon M, Tanaka K, Chujo Y. Facile strategy for obtaining luminescent polymorphs based on the chirality of a boron-fused azomethine complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:15305-15308. [PMID: 33216068 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06383e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A chloro-substituted boron-fused azomethine complex (BAmCl) having a stereogenic boron center was synthesized for obtaining a luminescent chiral crystal. We succeeded in isolating the (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of BAmCl and preparing the homochiral polymorphic crystal, while we obtained the racemic crystal with rac-BAmCl. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses suggest that a variety of intermolecular interaction patterns and intrinsic flexibility of the molecular framework should play a significant role in stabilizing the homochiral crystal. We found the difference in molecular arrangements between the racemic and the homochiral crystals, and we observed distinctly different emission colors. In particular, we observed heat-initiated homogeneous racemization without the need for a solvent or catalyst in the molten state of the homochiral crystal (R)-BAmCl. Our results mean that chiral resolution of a flexible fused-skeleton having a stereogenic boron center can be a platform for creating luminescent polymorphic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Ohtani
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
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39
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Park SK, Diao Y. Martensitic transition in molecular crystals for dynamic functional materials. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:8287-8314. [PMID: 33021272 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00638f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Molecular martensitic materials are an emerging class of smart materials with enormous tunability in physicochemical properties, attributed to the tailored molecular and crystal structures through molecular design. This class of materials exhibits ultrafast and reversible structural transitions in response to thermal and mechanical stimuli, which underlies fascinating properties such as thermoelasticity, superelasticity, ferroelasticity, and shape memory effect. These dynamic properties are not widely explored in molecular crystals and therefore molecular martensitic materials represent a new frontier in the field of solid-state chemistry. In martensitic transitions, the materials not only exhibit substantial shape changes but also remember the functions in the associated polymorphic phases. This suggests promising applicability towards light-weight actuators, lifts, dampers, sensors, shape-/function-memory and ultraflexible optoelectronic devices. In this article, we review characteristics, detailed transition mechanisms, and potential applications of molecular martensitic materials. In particular, we aim to describe transition characteristics by collecting cases with similar transition principles in order to glean insights into further advancement of molecular martensitic materials. Overall, we believe that molecular martensitic materials are emerging as the next generation smart materials that have shown promise in advancing a wide range of domains of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Kyu Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
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40
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Wight CD, Xiao Q, Wagner HR, Hernandez EA, Lynch VM, Iverson BL. Mechanistic Analysis of Solid-State Colorimetric Switching: Monoalkoxynaphthalene-Naphthalimide Donor–Acceptor Dyads. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:17630-17643. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Wight
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Qifan Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Holden R. Wagner
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Eduardo A. Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Vincent M. Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Brent L. Iverson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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41
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Venkatesan P, Cerón M, Pérez-Gutiérrez E, Thamotharan S, Robles F, Ceballos P, Percino MJ. Insights from QM/MM-ONIOM, PIXEL, NBO and DFT calculations: The molecular conformational origins for optical properties on (Z)-2-phenyl-3-(4-(pyridin-2-yl)-phenyl) acrylonitrile polymorphs. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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42
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Nogueira BA, Castiglioni C, Fausto R. Color polymorphism in organic crystals. Commun Chem 2020; 3:34. [PMID: 36703361 PMCID: PMC9814955 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-020-0279-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Color polymorphism is an interesting property of chemical systems which present crystal polymorphs of different colors. It is a rare phenomenon, with only a few examples reported in the literature hitherto. Nevertheless, systems exhibiting color polymorphism have many potential applications in different domains, such as pigment, sensor, and technology industries. Here, known representative chemical systems showing color polymorphism are reviewed, and the reasons for them to present such property discussed. Also, since some of the concepts related to color polymorphism have been frequently used imprecisely in the scientific literature, this article provides concise, systematic definitions for these concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo A. Nogueira
- grid.8051.c0000 0000 9511 4342CQC, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, P-3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal ,grid.4643.50000 0004 1937 0327CMIC, Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Castiglioni
- grid.4643.50000 0004 1937 0327CMIC, Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Rui Fausto
- grid.8051.c0000 0000 9511 4342CQC, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, P-3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal ,grid.412135.00000 0001 1091 0356Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261 Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
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43
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Majumdar P, Tharammal F, Gierschner J, Varghese S. Tuning Solid‐State Luminescence in Conjugated Organic Materials: Control of Excitonic and Excimeric Contributions through π Stacking and Halogen Bond Driven Self‐Assembly. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:616-624. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201901223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Majumdar
- Technical Research Centre School of Applied and Interdisciplinary SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation of Science Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Fazil Tharammal
- Technical Research Centre School of Applied and Interdisciplinary SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation of Science Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Johannes Gierschner
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies IMDEA NanoscienceC/Faraday 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Shinto Varghese
- Technical Research Centre School of Applied and Interdisciplinary SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation of Science Kolkata 700032 India
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44
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Di Silvio L, Lunedei E, Gentili D, Barbalinardo M, Manet I, Milita S, Liscio F, Fraleoni-Morgera A, Cavallini M. Combined wet lithography and fractional precipitation as a tool for fabrication of spatially controlled nanostructures of poly(3-hexylthiophene) ordered aggregates. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:1432-1437. [PMID: 31912835 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10057a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we propose an easy and practical method for the fabrication of highly ordered supramolecular structures. The proposed approach combines fractional precipitation and wet lithography, to obtain a spatially-defined pattern of submicrometric structures with a high molecular order of poly(3-hexylthiophene). The process is demonstrated by XRD, confocal and time-resolved spectroscopy and by the performance of an effective field effect transistor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Di Silvio
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy.
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45
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Reversible displacive transformation in MnTe polymorphic semiconductor. Nat Commun 2020; 11:85. [PMID: 31900401 PMCID: PMC6941995 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13747-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Displacive transformation is a diffusionless transition through shearing and shuffling of atoms. Diffusionless displacive transition with modifications in physical properties can help manufacture fast semiconducting devices for applications such as data storage and switching. MnTe is known as a polymorphic compound. Here we show that a MnTe semiconductor film exhibits a reversible displacive transformation based on an atomic-plane shuffling mechanism, which results in large electrical and optical contrasts. We found that MnTe polycrystalline films show reversible resistive switching via fast Joule heating and enable nonvolatile memory with lower energy and faster operation compared with conventional phase-change materials showing diffusional amorphous-to-crystalline transition. We also found that the optical reflectance of MnTe films can be reversibly changed by laser heating. The present findings offer new insights into developing low power consumption and fast-operation electronic and photonic phase-change devices.
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46
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Gabdulkhaev MN, Ziganshin MA, Buzyurov AV, Schick C, Solovieva SE, Popova EV, Gubaidullin AT, Gorbatchuk VV. Smart control of calixarene polymorphic states. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01070g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Solid calixarene is switched to the stable and metastable polymorphs by exposure to guest vapors in binary and ternary systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marat A. Ziganshin
- A.M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry
- Kazan Federal University
- 420008 Kazan
- Russian Federation
| | - Aleksey V. Buzyurov
- A.M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry
- Kazan Federal University
- 420008 Kazan
- Russian Federation
| | - Christoph Schick
- A.M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry
- Kazan Federal University
- 420008 Kazan
- Russian Federation
- Institute of Physics
| | - Svetlana E. Solovieva
- A.M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry
- Kazan Federal University
- 420008 Kazan
- Russian Federation
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
| | - Elena V. Popova
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- 420088 Kazan
- Russia
| | | | - Valery V. Gorbatchuk
- A.M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry
- Kazan Federal University
- 420008 Kazan
- Russian Federation
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47
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Gentili D, Manet I, Liscio F, Barbalinardo M, Milita S, Bettini C, Favaretto L, Melucci M, Fraleoni-Morgera A, Cavallini M. Control of polymorphism in thiophene derivatives by sublimation-aided nanostructuring. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:1689-1692. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09507a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here we applied the concept of “sublimation-aided nanostructuring” to control the polymorphism of a model material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Gentili
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN)
- CNR
- 40129 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Ilse Manet
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività
- CNR
- 40129 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Fabiola Liscio
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi
- CNR
- 40129 Bologna
- Italy
| | | | - Silvia Milita
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi
- CNR
- 40129 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Cristian Bettini
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività
- CNR
- 40129 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Laura Favaretto
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività
- CNR
- 40129 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Manuela Melucci
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività
- CNR
- 40129 Bologna
- Italy
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48
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Evrard Q, Cucinotta G, Houard F, Calvez G, Suffren Y, Daiguebonne C, Guillou O, Caneschi A, Mannini M, Bernot K. Self-assembly of a terbium(III) 1D coordination polymer on mica. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:2440-2448. [PMID: 31921522 PMCID: PMC6941415 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The terbium(III) ion is a particularly suitable candidate for the creation of surface-based magnetic and luminescent devices. In the present work, we report the epitaxial growth of needle-like objects composed of [Tb(hfac)3·2H2O] n (where hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate) polymeric units on muscovite mica, which is observed by atomic force microscopy. The needle-like shape mimics the structure observed in the crystalline bulk material. The growth of this molecular organization is assisted by water adsorption on the freshly air-cleaved muscovite mica. This deposition technique allows for the observation of a significant amount of nanochains grown along three preferential directions 60° apart from another. The magnetic properties and the luminescence of the nanochains can be detected without the need of surface-dedicated instrumentation. The intermediate value of the observed luminescence lifetime of the deposits (132 µs) compared to that of the bulk (375 µs) and the CHCl3 solution (13 µs) further reinforces the idea of water-induced growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Evrard
- Université de Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Giuseppe Cucinotta
- Laboratory for Molecular Magnetism (LA.M.M.), Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università degli Studi di Firenze, INSTM Research Unit of Firenze, Via della Lastruccia n. 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino (FI) I-50019, Italy
| | - Felix Houard
- Université de Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Guillaume Calvez
- Université de Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Yan Suffren
- Université de Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Carole Daiguebonne
- Université de Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Guillou
- Université de Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Andrea Caneschi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale - DIEF, Università degli Studi di Firenze, INSTM Research Unit of Firenze, Via di Santa Marta n. 3, Firenze - 50139, Italy
| | - Matteo Mannini
- Laboratory for Molecular Magnetism (LA.M.M.), Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università degli Studi di Firenze, INSTM Research Unit of Firenze, Via della Lastruccia n. 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino (FI) I-50019, Italy
| | - Kevin Bernot
- Université de Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur, de la Recherche et de l'Innovation, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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49
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Khorloo M, Cheng Y, Zhang H, Chen M, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Lam JWY, Tang BZ. Polymorph selectivity of an AIE luminogen under nano-confinement to visualize polymer microstructures. Chem Sci 2019; 11:997-1005. [PMID: 34084354 PMCID: PMC8146380 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04239c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the huge progress of luminescent molecular assemblies over the past decade, it is still challenging to understand their confined behavior in semi-crystalline polymers for constrained space recognition. Here, we report a polymorphic luminogen with aggregation-induced emission (AIE), capable of selective growth in polymer amorphous and crystalline phases with distinct color. The polymorphic behaviors of the AIE luminogen embedded within the polymer network are dependent on the size of nano-confinement: a thermodynamically stable polymorph of the AIE luminogen with green emission is stabilized in the amorphous phase, while a metastable polymorph with yellow emission is confined in the crystalline phase. The information on polymer crystalline and amorphous phases is transformed into distinct fluorescence colors, allowing a single AIE luminogen as a fluorescent marker for visualization of polymer microstructures in terms of amorphous and crystalline phase distribution, quantitative polymer crystallinity measurement, and spatial morphological arrangement. Our findings demonstrate that confinement of the AIE luminogen in the polymer network can achieve free space recognition and also provide a correlation between microscopic morphologies and macroscopic optical signals. We envision that our strategy will inspire the development of other materials with spatial confinement to incorporate AIE luminogens for various applications. A polymorphic AIEgen is capable of selective growth in amorphous and crystalline polymer phases with distinct color for microstructure visualization.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Michidmaa Khorloo
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Development of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Yanhua Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Development of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China .,State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Haoke Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Development of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China .,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Development of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Herman H Y Sung
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Development of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Ian D Williams
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Development of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Development of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China .,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Development of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China .,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China.,Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
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50
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Seibel J, Amabilino DB, De Feyter S. Preferred Formation of Minority Concomitant Polymorphs in 2D Self‐Assembly under Lateral Nanoconfinement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Seibel
- Department of Chemistry Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics KU Leuven—University of Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - David B. Amabilino
- School of Chemistry & The GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry The University of Nottingham Triumph Road Nottingham NG7 2TU UK
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Department of Chemistry Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics KU Leuven—University of Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
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